Slide Kien truc may tinh
-
Upload
confusjngsss -
Category
Documents
-
view
238 -
download
0
Transcript of Slide Kien truc may tinh
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
1/29
Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni
Vin in T - Vin Thng
HaNoi, 18-5-2014
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
2/29
Kin trc my tnh
Tm hiu khi ALU, so snh Carry Look-ahead v Ripple adder. Thit k mt module s hcthc hin tnh ton
GVHD: TS. Nguyn Tin Dng
SV thc hin:Phm Tun Anh
Nguyn Thnh LiH Minh Thnh
Lp: KSTN TVT - K55
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
3/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Ni dung trnh by
1. Gii thiu v khi ALU
2. Cc php ton c bn thc hin trong khi ALU
3. So snh b cng CLA (Carry Look- ahead Adder) v Ripple Adder4. Thit k module thc hin php nhn chia s nh phn c du
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
4/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Gii thiu v khi ALU
ALU l mt trong nhng khi quan trng nht trong vi x l
ALU cha cc khi logic thc hin cc php tnh s hc v logic
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
5/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Gii thiu v khi ALU
Cu trc ca khi ALU:
- 2 cng IN: ly d
liu u vo (t BUS) cho
khi ALU. D liu ny c
lu trong hai thanh ghi m.
- 1 cng OUT: a
kt qu c x l bi ALU ra
ngoi (ra BUS).
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
6/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Gii thiu v khi ALU
ALU x l mt hay hai d liu u vo ty thuc vo lnh hay yu cu
iu khin.
V d:
- Khi thc hin lnh cng 2 s th ALU s s dng 2 u vo IN
a d liu vo.
- Khi thc hin cc lnh nh tng gi tr ca s no ln 1 th
ch cn mt u vo IN.
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
7/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
Php cng, tr hai s c du:
- cng hai s c du, ta biu din hai s di dng
m b 2, cng cc bit v tr tng ng vi nhau. Kt qu thu c
b qua bit trn ta s c kt qu biu din di dng s b 2.- tr hai s c du, ta ly s b tr cng vi m b 2 ca s tr.
- V d: tnh 1510+ (-20)10; (20)10- (15)10;
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
8/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
- Thit k b cng tr:
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
9/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
Php nhn 2 s c du theo cch thng thng:
- a cc s v dng s khng m (tr tuyt i), sau thc
hin nhn vi nhau nh nhn 2 s khng du.
- Bit du ca kt qu c tnh ton ring.
- Nu hai tha s khc du, th kt qu ca php nhn khng
du phi c a v dng m b 2.
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
10/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
S thut ton:
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
11/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
V d: Tnh A *B vi A = 3 = 00112 B = (-4) = 11002
Chu trnh
C B
Hot ng
0000 1100 START, n =4
1 0000 1100 B0= 0
0000 0110 Dch phi shc C,B; n =32 0000 0110 B0= 0
0000 0011 Dch phi C, B; n =2
3 0011 0011 B0= 1, C C + A
0001 1001 Dch phi C, B; n = 1
4 1110 1001 B0= 1, n = 1, C C - A
1111 0100 Dch phi B, C; n =0
Kt qu: 1111 01002= (-12)10 STOP
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
12/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
Php nhn 2 s c du s dng thut ton Booth:
= 2 2= = 2( ) + 2( 3) + . + 2( ) + ( 0)
t = + vi i = (-1, n-2) v = 0 = 2 2+ . + 2+ V ch nhn gi tr l 0 hoc 1 nn s nhn cc gi tr 0,1,-1
0 0 0
0 1 11
0
1
1 1 0
2 2
=
2
=
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
13/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
S thut ton:
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
14/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
V d: Tnh A *B vi A = 3 = 00112 B = (-4) = 11002
Chu trnh
C B B
-1
Hot ng
0000 1100 0 START, n = 4
1 0000 1100 0 B0B-1= 00
0000 0110 0 Dch phi C,B; n =32 0000 0110 0 B0B-1= 00
0000 0011 0 Dch phi C, B; n =2
3 1101 0011 0 B0B-1= 10, C C - A
1110 1001 1 Dch phi C, B; n = 1
4 1110 1001 1 B0B-1= 11
1111 0100 1 Dch phi B, C; n =0
Kt qu: 1111 01002= (-12)10 STOP
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
15/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
Php chia 2 s c du theo
thut ton Booth:
- Thc cht l kt hp
ca php ton tr v php dch
tri s hc.- Kt qu thu c phi
xt n bit du.
- Nu SC v SBC cng
du, kt qu thu c l ng.
- Nu 2 s khc du thkt qu thu c l biu din
dng b 2
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
16/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
V d: Tnh A *B vi A = 13 = 11012 B = (-4) Bb2=11002Chu trnh
C A
Hot ng
0000 1101 START, n =4
1 0001 1010 Dch tri shc
1101 1010 S(B) S(C) C = C + B0001 1010 S(C) S(C) A0= 0, phc hi, n=3
2 0011 0100 Dch tri shc
1111 0100 S(B) S(C) C = C + B
0011 1000 S(C) S(C) A0= 0, phc hi, n=2
3 0110 1000 Dch tri shc
0010 1000 S(B) S(C) C = C + B
0010 1001 S(C) = S(C) A0= 1, n=1
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
17/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Cc php ton c bn
Chu trnh
C A
Hot ng
4 0101 0010 Dch tri shc
0001 0010 S(B) S(C) C = C + B
0001 0011 S(C) = S(C) A0= 1, n=0STOP
- Du ca kt qu: 0 xor 1 = 1- Phn d (cha trong C): 0001
2
= 110
- Thng (cha trong A): 00112= 310
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
18/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
B cng CLA v Ripple Adder
B cng Ripple Adder:
- B cng Ripple Adder c thc hin bng cch ghp ni tip
cc b cng full-adder (FA).
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
19/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
B cng CLA v Ripple Adder
B cng Ripple Adder:
- tr ln nht ca mi b cng l t bit nh input c0hoc
t 2 bit u vo x0v y0n bit nh output cout
- Bt k mt s thay i no ca c0 hoc x0v y0s lan truyn
v nh hng n ton b cc b FAs khc.
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
20/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
B cng CLA v Ripple Adder
B cng Carry-Look Ahead Adder:
- nh ngha cc bit nh pht sinh v nh lan truyn
gi= xiyi pi= xi yi- Cc bit nh s c tnh:
ci+1= gi+ pici
ci+2= gi+1+ pi+1ci+1= gi+1+ pi+1gi+ pi+1pici
ci+3= gi+2+ pi+2ci+2= gi+2+ pi+2gi+1+ pi+2pi+1gi+ pi+2pi+1pici
ci+4= gi+3+ pi+3ci+3= gi+3+ pi+3gi+2+ pi+3pi+2gi+1+ pi+3pi+2pi+1gi+ pi+3pi+2pi+1pici
Cc bit nh c tnh trc tip t bit nh input civ cc bin input
m khng c hin tng ripple nh trong b cng Ripple-Carry Adder
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
21/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
B cng CLA v Ripple Adder
T biu thc hm Bool trn ca cc bit nh, ta xy dng c b
CLA Generator
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
22/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
B cng CLA v Ripple Adder
S b cng CLA 4bit.
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
23/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
B cng CLA v Ripple Adder
So snh tr ca hai b cng:
CARRY CHAIN RIPPLE DELAY CLA
c
i
x
i
,y
i
) n ci+1
4.8 (9.0) 4.8 (9.0)
c
i
x
i
,y
i
) n ci+2 9.6 (13.8) 5.6 (9.8)c
i
x
i
,y
i
) n ci+3
14.4 (18.6) 6.4 (10.6)
c
i
x
i
,y
i
) n ci+4
19.2 (23.4) 4.8 (13.0)
c
i
x
i
,y
i
) n gi,i+3)
6.4 (10.6)
c
i
x
i
,y
i
) n pi,i+3)
3.2 (7.4)
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
24/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Thit k b ALU thc hin php nhn, chia s c du
Thc hin php nhn: da vo s thut ton ca thut ton Booth
- Hai tha s c lu tr trong hai thanh ghi n-bit A v B
- Kt qu c lu tr trong thanh ghi 2n-bit {C,B}
- S chu trnh thc hin l n chu trnh
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
25/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Thit k b ALU thc hin php nhn, chia s c du
Thc hin php chia:
- S chia c lutrong thanh ghi n-bit B
- S b chia c lutrong thanh ghi 2n-bit
{C,A}- Kt qu cui cng clu trong thanh ghi n-bit A- S d c lu trongthanh ghi n-bit C.
- S chu trnh thc hinl n chu trnh.
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
26/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Kt qu m phng
Cng c thc hin m phng:
- Phn mm Quartus: xy dng code m phng.
- KIT DE1_Altera: hin th kt qu m phng.
- S dng ngn ng m t phn cng Verilog
Thc hin m phng php ton vi s 4bit
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
27/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Kt qu m phng
Thng s hin th trn KIT DE1:
- S b chia (s nhn 1) c hin th trn led 7thanh 0 (m hexa)
- S b chia (s nhn 2) c hin th trn led 7thanh 1( m hexa)
- S d v thng (tch) c hin th trn 2 led 7thanh 2,3
- LEDG[0] = 1: php tnh thc hin xong
- LEDG[1] = 1: kt qu thu c ca php chia (led 7thanh 3) l
m b 2 ca n.
- LEDG[2] = 1: php chia khng hp l (chia cho 0)
- SW[9]: chn khi ALU thc hin php chia hoc nhn (bng 1
khi thc hin php chia, bng 0 khi thc hin php nhn).
- SW[8]: tn hiu reset
- SW [7:0] a gi tr u vo thc hin tnh ton
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
28/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Kt qu m phng
-
8/10/2019 Slide Kien truc may tinh
29/29
HaNoi University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Telecommunications
Kt qu m phng