Skeletal System. Fill in the skeletal body on the back page of your packet. Use pages 134 in your...
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Transcript of Skeletal System. Fill in the skeletal body on the back page of your packet. Use pages 134 in your...
Skeletal System
Fill in the skeletal body on the back page of your packet. Use pages 134 in your text book.
Terminology 126
1. aur- 7. arthr(o)- 2. –poiesis 8. carp- 3. brachi- 9. cervic 4. oss- 10. dia- 5. burso 11. cox(a), pelv 6. –genesis 12. dactyl, digit 13. ax- 14. fov- 15. front- 16. scolio 17. corac- 18. condyl-
aur ear
poiesis production
brachi arm
oss bone
burs(o) bursa
genesis born, beginning
ax axis
front forehead
arthr(o) joint
carp wrist
cervic pertaining to the neck
dia through, across
cox, pelv hip, hip joint
dactyl, digit finger, toes
fov pit
scolio twisted
corac crows beak
condyl knob
Introduction
How many bones do you think are in the human body?
206Largest Bone?FemurSmallest Bone?Ossicles (ear bones)
Functions (5)
1.Support Body
2. Protect organs
3. Attachment of muscles
4. HemopoiesesThe bones make blood cells from embryonic month 5 on…
5. Mineral Storage
Ca2(PO4)3
Anatomy
There are basically four types of bones.
1. Long Bones
e.g.FemurRadiusulnahumerus
2. Short bones
carpals
3. Flat Bones
4. Irregular Bones
Parts of a long bone
Please color code the femur. Color code letters a-g.
Epiphysis
A. Ends of the bone (Proximal and distal)
Epiphyseal plate
A1: Cartilage growth plates on bone ends.
(Growth plate)
(hyaline) cartilage on end of bone
b bone trabeculae of spongy bone
c red marrow cavity d epiphyseal plate
(hyaline cartilage)
a Epiphyseal plate made of hyaline cartilage is responsible for long bone growth.
Note: The direction of growth is toward the diaphysis (shaft of long bone).
Also Note: The newly forming spongy bone (below the growth plate) is not clearly organized as the older spongy bone in the epiphysis above the growth plate.
Diaphysis
B. Shaft of the bone, middle part.
Articular Cartilage
C. Cartilage layer to reduce pain
and friction.
Periosteum
D. Living layer surrounding bone.
Nourishing and growth in width.
Spongy bone
Looks like a sponge.
Mostly in the epiphysis
Contains red marrow (Makes RBC’s)
Compact Bone
Close together in diaphysis.
Organized into concentric layers.
Medullary Cavity
Hole in the middle of the bone.
Filled with yellow marrow (fat for energy storage)
Surface features: (3)
1. Projections2. Depressions3. Openings
ProjectionsFor attachments
DepressionsFor joints to fit together.
OpeningsFor blood vessels and nerves.
Osseous Tissue
Matrix
Osteocyte
Mature bone cells. Maintain bones and assist and repair.