SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM (SLD) Or, ONE LINE DIAGRAM...• A summary load schedule for the LT switchgear...
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SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM (SLD) Or, ONE LINE DIAGRAM The single-line diagram is the blueprint for electrical system analysis. It is the first step in preparing a critical response plan, allowing you to become thoroughly familiar with the electrical distribution system layout and design in your facility. WHY IT’S REQUIRED? Whether you have a new or existing facility, the single-line diagram is the vital roadmap for all future testing, service and maintenance activities. As such, the single-line diagram is like a balance sheet for your facility and provides a snapshot of your facility at a moment in time. It needs to change as your facility changes to ensure that your systems are adequately protected. To make all the changes documented in a common file, making the electrical system easily understandable for any technical person inside/outside of the factory. An up-to-date single-line diagram is vital for a variety of service activities including: • Short circuit calculations • Coordination studies • Load flow studies • Safety evaluation studies • All other engineering studies • Electrical safety procedures • Efficient maintenance WHAT SHOULD BE IN A SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM (SLD)? A typical package of single line diagram shall include: • Incoming lines showing voltage and size • Incoming main fuses, cutouts, switches, and main/tie breakers • Power transformers (rating, winding connection and grounding means) • Feeder breakers and fused switches rating and type. • Relays (function, use and type) • Current and / or potential transformers with size, type and ratio • Control transformers rating. • All main cable and wire runs with their associated isolating switches • All substations, including integral relays and main panels with total load of each feeder and each substation • Critical equipment voltage and size (UPS, battery, generator, power distribution, transfer switch, computer room air conditioning) • A summary load schedule for the LT switchgear panel. • A load schedule for each distribution panels and switch board. • Rating and dimension of bus bar. • All outgoing cables with cable size and type with rating and type of their associated isolating switches (e.g. circuit breaker). • Length and voltage drop of all outgoing cables. • Rating of PFI , changeover, ATS, generators with associated protection and isolating switch • All earthing cable rating (size, type etc.) • All connected load with their individual load capacity. • All spare switches (outgoing circuit breaker) shall be mentioned. • Earthing system must be included with dimension of earthing pit, boring, earth electrode size, earth lead and ECC cable size and type. Here is given an example of a typical LT panel one line diagram or Single line diagram (try to follow it as best as possible).
Transcript of SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM (SLD) Or, ONE LINE DIAGRAM...• A summary load schedule for the LT switchgear...
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM (SLD) Or, ONE LINE DIAGRAM The single-line diagram is the blueprint for electrical system analysis. It is the first step in preparing a critical response plan, allowing you to become thoroughly familiar with the electrical distribution system layout and design in your facility. WHY IT’S REQUIRED? Whether you have a new or existing facility, the single-line diagram is the vital roadmap for all future testing, service and maintenance activities. As such, the single-line diagram is like a balance sheet for your facility and provides a snapshot of your facility at a moment in time. It needs to change as your facility changes to ensure that your systems are adequately protected. To make all the changes documented in a common file, making the electrical system easily understandable for any technical person inside/outside of the factory. An up-to-date single-line diagram is vital for a variety of service activities including:
• Short circuit calculations • Coordination studies • Load flow studies • Safety evaluation studies • All other engineering studies • Electrical safety procedures • Efficient maintenance
WHAT SHOULD BE IN A SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM (SLD)? A typical package of single line diagram shall include:
• Incoming lines showing voltage and size • Incoming main fuses, cutouts, switches, and main/tie breakers • Power transformers (rating, winding connection and grounding means) • Feeder breakers and fused switches rating and type. • Relays (function, use and type) • Current and / or potential transformers with size, type and ratio • Control transformers rating. • All main cable and wire runs with their associated isolating switches • All substations, including integral relays and main panels with total load of each feeder and
each substation • Critical equipment voltage and size (UPS, battery, generator, power distribution, transfer
switch, computer room air conditioning) • A summary load schedule for the LT switchgear panel. • A load schedule for each distribution panels and switch board. • Rating and dimension of bus bar. • All outgoing cables with cable size and type with rating and type of their associated isolating
switches (e.g. circuit breaker). • Length and voltage drop of all outgoing cables. • Rating of PFI , changeover, ATS, generators with associated protection and isolating switch • All earthing cable rating (size, type etc.) • All connected load with their individual load capacity. • All spare switches (outgoing circuit breaker) shall be mentioned. • Earthing system must be included with dimension of earthing pit, boring, earth electrode size,
earth lead and ECC cable size and type. Here is given an example of a typical LT panel one line diagram or Single line diagram (try to follow it as best as possible).
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.275
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W
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.670
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.660
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W
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Y=98
.660
KW
B=98
.670
KW
TL=2
96.0
00 K
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Sample of load schedule (DB Schedule) (You can follow it or prepare it as your own style)
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