Simulations for the Cherenkov Telescope Array - … · Simulations for the Cherenkov Telescope...

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Outline Official Software. .. . . . .

How it works. . . .Data Analysis

.Download and Install

. . . .Examples pre-installed Output data

Simulations for the CherenkovTelescope Array

CTA/MC

Carlos Jose Todero Peixoto

Universidade de Sao Paulo - EEL/USP - Lorena20 de Agosto de 2015


Simulations for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

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Outline

▶ SimTelArray - The “official” simulator of the CTA

▶ How it works

▶ Data Analysis

▶ Download and install, Examples to use, etc.



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Official Software

Main Developer

▶ Konrad Bernlohr

Programming Languages

▶ C, Fortran and Shell-Script

Time Line

▶ Originally developed for HEGRA Telescope (“sim telarray”)

▶ Posteriorly adapted for H.E.S.S. (“sim hessarray”)

▶ And after adapted for the CTA. (“sim telarray/sim hessarray”)



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File Data/Analysis Analysis Tools

Camera/Electronics

Mirrors/Ray−tracing

Image Trigger

CORSIKA/bernlohr CORSIKA−IACT

Telescope Array Simulation

SimTelArray



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CORSIKA-IACT

Figura : Authors of figures: Hajo Drescher and H.E.S.S. Colaboration.Cherenkov light at ground level peaks at a wavelength, λ ≈ 300− 350nm, with density typically ∼ 100 photons/m2 at 1TeV, arriving in briefflash of few nanoseconds duration.



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IACT

CORSIKA observation level

‘shadow’

Shower direction

‘detector’

=

sphere

grid

b: not recorded because not intersecting sphere

c: recorded (not in ‘shadow’ but hitting a shadow grid cell)

d: not recorded because not hitting a shadow grid cell

in CORSIKA IACTpackage

Fast selection by grid on

CORSIKA observation level

Fine selection by intersection

with sphere enclosing detector

or mirror.

view from top:

Photon bunch selection

a: recorded photon bunch

1.:

2.:

d

ca

b

#1

A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 B3B2 B4

C1 C2 C3 C4

#2

Grid cells used for #1: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2

Grid cells used for #2: B3, B4, C3, C4

Figura : Figure from documentation sim telarray



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SimTelArray

Figura : Figure from documentation sim telarray. Mirrors and Shadow.



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SimTelArray

Figura : Figure from documentation sim telarray. Shadows.



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SimTelArray

0 6 15 30 60 150 300 p.e.Az

Alt

pixel above threshold

pixel in image

marginal / isolated signal

simulated direction

reconstructed direction

second moments

ellipse (*1/*2)

Figura : Figure from documentation sim telarray. Image Camera.



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SimTelArray

22Entries 502Mean 438.4RMS 138.4

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10000

5

10

15

20

25

30

22Entries 502Mean 438.4RMS 138.4

Photo-electrons per telescope (tel. triggered), n.w.$

Figura : Histogram for 1000 events with 4 telescopes triggered,1TeV/event.



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SimTelArray

Figura : 275 telescopes divided in 5 subarrays: red=23 m, black=12 m,pink=10m, green=6.7m, blue=12m.



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Sensitivity curve - LST, MST and SST

Figura : CTA Colaboration, “Introducing the CTA concept”,Astroparticle Physics, 43, pg 3-18, 2013.



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Trigger Rate - LST, MST and SST

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450Core (m)

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

No

. tri

g. /

No

. to

tal

Gamma - 100GeV - 2000m

LST(D=23m, FOV=5

o, Pixel=0.09

o)

MST(D=12m, FOV=8

o, Pixel=0.18

o)

SST(D=6.7m, FOV=10

o, Pixel=0.25

o)



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Trigger Rate - LST, MST and SST

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700Core (m)

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

No

. tri

g. /

No

. to

tal

Gamma - 1TeV - 2000m

LST(D=23m, FOV=5

o, Pixel=0.09

o)

MST(D=12m, FOV=8

o, Pixel=0.18

o)

SST(D=6.7m, FOV=10

o, Pixel=0.25

o)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900Core (m)

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

No

. tri

g. /

No

. to

tal

Gamma - 10TeV - 2000m

LST(D=23m, FOV=5

o, Pixel=0.09

o)

MST(D=12m, FOV=8

o, Pixel=0.18

o)

SST(D=6.7m, FOV=10

o, Pixel=0.25

o)



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Angular resolution - LST, MST and SST

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Triggered Telescopes

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

0.55

Mea

n A

ng

ula

r R

eso

luti

on

(d

egre

es)

LST - 150mMST - 120mSST - 110m

100GeV - Gamma - 2000m



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Where find

Informations

▶ http://www.cta-observatory.org/ctawpcwiki/index.php/WP MCCTA password

Downloads

▶ http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/CTA/internal/MC/Software/corsika simtelarray.tar.gz

▶ File size: +/− 34Mb CTA password

Pre-install

▶ Necessary compilers intalled gfortran, gcc e g++.

▶ mkdir simtelarray → mv simtelarray.tar.gz simtelarray

▶ cd simtelarray → tar −xvzf simtelarray.tar.gz

▶ ./build all - -help



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To installprompt:> ./build all ultra qgs2

orprompt:> ./build all ultra sibyll.

Syntax: ./build all [qgs2—sibyll]./build all cta [qgs2—sibyll]./build all ultra [qgs2—sibyll]./build all max [qgs2—sibyll]./build all sc [qgs2—sibyll]./build all sc2 [qgs2—sibyll]./build all sc3 [qgs2—sibyll]./build all sc4 [qgs2—sibyll]./build all prod2 [qgs2—sibyll]./build all max-sc [qgs2—sibyll]The ’cta’ variant (-DCTA) is for up to 99 telescopes of up to 4095 pixels.The ’ultra’ variant (-DCTA ULTRA) is for up to 275 telescopes but fewer pixels.The ’max’ variant (-DCT MAX) allows up to 500 tepescopes of up to 4095 pixels.The ’sc’ variant (-DCTA SC) allows only up to 61 telescopes but with up to 14336 pixels.The ’sc2’ variant (-DCTA SC=2) allows only up to 61 telescopes but with up to 11328 pixels (16-bit, singlechannel)....Without interaction option, the default is QGSJET01c/URQMD.Use EXTRA DEFINES for any additional sim telarray + hessioxxx definitions.



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Examplesexample1 example10-electronexample2 example10-gammaexample3 example10-gamma-diffuseexample4 example10-heliumexample5 example10-ironexample6 example10-nitrogenexample7-electron example10-protonexample7-gamma example10-siliconexample7-proton example11-electronexample8-electron example11-gammaexample8-gamma example11-protonexample8-proton and much more ...example9-electron depend on of the inicial configs. chosen.example9-gammaexample9-proton



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directory → corsika example data

atmprof10.dat INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 electronatmprof11.dat INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 electron 50degatmprof12.dat INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 gammaatmprof20.dat INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 gamma 50degINPUTS 41Tel INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 gamma diffuseINPUTS CTA HE electron INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 heliumINPUTS CTA HE gamma INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 ironINPUTS CTA HE proton INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 nitrogenINPUTS cta run20974 INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 protonINPUTS CTA test INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 proton 50degINPUTS CTA ULTRA1 electron INPUTS CTA ULTRA3 siliconINPUTS CTA ULTRA1 gamma INPUTS example for HESSINPUTS CTA ULTRA1 proton INPUTS hess41 run15158INPUTS CTA ULTRA2 electron INPUTS phase3 run19287INPUTS CTA ULTRA2 gamma tables.datINPUTS CTA ULTRA2 proton



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RUNNR 10 number of runEVTNR 1 number of first shower eventNSHOW 50000 number of showers to generateDATBAS yes write a file with parameters used** [ Random number generator: 4 sequences used in IACT mode ]*SEED 385928125 401 0 seed for 1st random number sequenceSEED 827619802 859 0 seed for 2nd random number sequenceSEED 195989238 390 0 seed for 3rd random number sequenceSEED 539053819 323 0 seed for 4th random number sequence** =============== Corsika INPUTS =======================** [ Primary particle options ]*PRMPAR 1 // particle type of prim. particleESLOPE -2.0 // slope of primary energy spectrumERANGE 0.003E3 300E3 // energy range of primary particle (in GeV)THETAP 20. 20. // range of zenith angles (degree)PHIP 90. 90. // range of azimuth angles (degree)VIEWCONE 0. 0. // can be a cone around fixed THETAP/PHIP



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** [ Site specific options ]*OBSLEV 2000.E2 // observation level (in cm)ATMOSPHERE 1 Y // tropical atmosphere, with refractionMAGNET 27.5 -15. // magnetic field at equator, l=0 [H, Z] (muT)ARRANG 0. // rotation of array to north [D] (degree)** [ Core range ]*CSCAT 10 2500e2 0. // use shower several times (gammas)* CSCAT 20 3000e2 0. // use shower several times (protons+electrons)** [ Telescope positions, for IACT option ]*TELESCOPE −30.00E2 −30.00E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 01 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE +22.50E2 +22.50E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 02 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE +22.50E2 −82.50E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 03 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE −82.50E2 +22.50E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 04 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE −82.50E2 −82.50E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 05 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE −30.00E2 +113.40E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 06 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE −30.00E2 −135.00E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 07 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE −135.00E2 −30.00E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 08 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE +75.00E2 −30.00E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 09 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE −11.00E2 −102.70E2 0.00E2 12.50E2 # Telescope 10 (type 1, d=23 m, fov=5 deg, px=0.09 deg)TELESCOPE −60.00E2 −180.00E2 0.00E2 07.00E2 # Telescope 11 (type 2, d=12 m, fov=8 deg, px=0.18 deg)...



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Output datadirectory → Data/sim hessarray/cta-ultra3/0.0deg

3 subdirectories:

▶ Data: gamma 20deg 90deg run20 cta-ultra3 desert.simhess

▶ Histogram: gamma 20deg 90deg run20 cta-ultra3 desert.hdata.gz

▶ Log: gamma 20deg 90deg run20 cta-ultra3 desert.log.gz

How to read

▶ directory → hessioxxx/bin

▶ xxx.hdata → ./hdata2root (convert output .root)

▶ xxx.simhess → ./read hess –help

▶ ./gen lookup, necessary with the option “−u” in ./read hess

Source Archives

▶ Reader and some tools → hessioxxx/src

▶ Sources of the MC → sim telarray

▶ Main Documentation → sim telarray/doc/sim hessarray.pdf



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▶ Thank you so much !



Simulations for the Cherenkov Telescope Array - … · Simulations for the Cherenkov Telescope...

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