The overall objective of the proposed research is to develop an approach to the fabrication of “smart” signal-responsive materials with the build-in Boolean logic. The systems will be capable of switching physical properties upon application of the incoming chemical signals and according to the build-in logic gates. The logic gates will be composed of enzymatic systems integrated with responsive polymeric supports. The chemical reactions biocatalyzed by the enzyme-based systems will respond to the income chemical signals according to the Boolean logic and transfer the outgoing signal to the responsive polymeric support. Several multi-signal-responsive nano-structured materials with Boolean logic were developed including switchable membranes, nanoparticle ensembles and emulsions.

Signal-Responsive Hybrid Biomaterials with Built-in Boolean LogicEvgeny Katz, Clarkson University, DMR 0706209

Objectives and Achievements

AND/OR enzyme-logic gates producing pH changes to control signal-responsive materials

Signal-responsive materials coupled with the enzyme-logic gates via proton exchange

Education and Outreach

• Trained graduate and undergraduate students, and postdocs.

• Courses offered in academia.

• International conferences reports (plenary invited lectures)

• National security applications (US Army).

Membranes Nanoparticles ensembles EmulsionsPublications:

1. V. Privman, G. Strack, D. Solenov, M. Pita, E. Katz, Optimization of enzymatic biochemical logic for noise reduction and scalability: How many biocomputing gates can be interconnected in a circuit? J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, in press.2. T.K. Tam, M. Ornatska, M. Pita, S. Minko, E. Katz, Polymer brush-modified electrode with switchable and tunable redox activity for bioelectronic applications. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 8438-8445.3. G. Strack, M. Pita, M. Ornatska, E. Katz, Boolean logic gates using enzymes as input signals. ChemBioChem 2008, 9, 1260-1266.4. G. Strack, M. Ornatska, M. Pita, E. Katz, Biocomputing security system: Concatenated enzyme-based logic gates operating as a biomolecular keypad lock. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 4234-4235. (paper was highlited by ACS and Chem. & Eng. News)5. M. Motornov, R. Sheparovych, E. Katz, S. Minko, Chemical gating with nanostructured responsive polymer brushes: mixed brush versus homopolymer brush. ACS Nano 2008, 2, 41-52.6. M. Pita, E. Katz, Multiple logic gates based on electrically wired surface-reconstituted enzymes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 36-37.7. S. Vasilyev, M. Pita, E. Katz, Logic gates based on magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with a bioelectrocatalytic system. Electroanalysis 2008, 20, 22-29.

Evgeny Katz, Clarkson University, DMR 0706209