JACK A. SCOTT, P.E.FAA, AIRPORTS DIVISIONNORTHWEST MOUNTAIN REGION

MarkingSigningLighting

Advisory Circular ReferencesAC 150/5340-1G, Standards for Airport MarkingsAC 150/5340-18C, Standards for Airport Sign SystemsAC 150/5345-44F, Specifications for Taxiway and Runway Signs SAMS - Signs and Marking Supplement

AC 150/5340-24A, Runway and Taxiway Edge Lighting System (draft revision)AC 150/5340-28 Low Visibility Taxiway Lighting systems

X2RUNWAY MARKING ELEMENTSMarking elementNonprecision instrumentPrecision instrumentVisualDesignationXXXCenterlineXXXThresholdXXX1Aiming pointXX2Touchdown zoneXSide stripesX1-On runways used, or intended to be used, by international commercial transport. 2-On runways 4,000 feet (1200m) or longer used by jet aircraft.

20VISUAL RUNWAYCENTERLINEDESIGNATION MARKING

NONPRECISION INSTRUMENT RUNWAY20AIMING POINTTHRESHOLD MARKINGSDESIGNATION MARKING

PRECISION INSTRUMENT RUNWAY20Aiming pointTouchdown ZoneSide Stripe

THRESHOLD MARKINGConfiguration A- Current Standard

New Threshold MarkingsEffective NLT Jan. 1, 2008Conforms to ICAO StandardNumber of stripes will depend on width of runway.

New Threshold Markings

THRESHOLD MARKINGConfiguration B(Standard after Jan. 1, 2008)2015011.5Stripes andspaces each5.75 wide

Threshold BarsMay or may not be neededColor - WhiteStarts at end of usable runway for landing and is painted 10 feet in width onto runway

ThresholdDisplaced Threshold

Demarcation BarsSeparates a taxiway from a runway with a displaced thresholdlocated on the taxiwaycolor is yellowwidth is 3 feet

Demarcation BarDisplaced Threshold

BLAST PADS AND STOPWAYSPavement edgeThreshold3 Min.5 Min.5 Min.100 100 50

Holding Position MarkingsPurpose to hold aircraft & vehicles Short of RunwayShort of Approach to RunwayDistance from Runway varies

Runway/Runway Holding Position Marking4 lines and 3 spaces at 6 eachDashes and spaces 3 in length36Aircraft holding side

CLOSED RUNWAY MARKING* For temporary crosses this dimension may be changed to 8 feet60 2510*RUNWAY CENTERLINE

TAXIWAY MARKINGS- Centerline- Edge Marking- Runway hold position -Taxiway/Runway -ILS- Taxiway/Taxiway hold position markings

TAXIWAY CENTERLINE MARKINGSTAXIWAY CENTERLINE MARKINGIntersection having standard fillets which permits cockpit-over-centerline steering

TAXIWAY CENTERLINE MARKINGSTAXIWAY CENTERLINE MARKINGIntersection having less than standard fillets and requiring judgmental oversteering

TAXIWAY EDGE MARKINGDOUBLE 6 LINES WITH 6 SPACE15 1525

TAXIWAY EDGE MARKINGTAXIWAY EDGE MARKINGS, CONTINUOUSTAXIWAY EDGE MARKINGS, DASH

TAXIWAY/RUNWAY HOLDING POSITION MARKING4 lines and 3 spaces at 6 eachDashes and spaces 3 in length36Aircraft holding side

See ACSee ACTAXIWAY/RUNWAY HOLDING POSITION MARKINGS

Approach category and design groupPerpendicular distance from runway centerlineVisual/NonprecisionA & B (I &II) small airplanes onlyPrecisionA & B (I, II, & III)A & B (IV)C & D (I through IV)C & D (V )125200250250250HOLDING POSITION MARKINGS FOR INTERSECTIONSSee AC for adjustment to dimensions

T-51-MILS localizer critical areaILS CRITICAL AREAILS glide slope critical area see local AFsee local AF

TAXIWAY CENTERLINE 6 TO 12 WIDE1 WIDE1 4 2 3 10 6 ILS/MLS HOLDING POSITION MARKING

TAXIWAY HOLDING POSITION MARKINGTAXIWAY CENTERLINE 6 TO 12 WIDE3 6 AIRCRAFT HOLDING SIDEDASHES & SPACES 3 LONG and 1 WIDE

TAXIWAY HOLDING POSITION MARKING

TAXIWAY HOLDING POSITION MARKINGTAXIWAY HOLDING POSITION MARKINGHOLDING BAY

NON-MOVEMENT AREA MARKINGSOLID LINE ON NON-MOVEMENT SIDEDASHED LINE ON MOVEMENT SIDEBOTH LINES 6 WIDE; 6 SPACES BETWEEN LINES3 3 3

VEHICLE ROADWAY MARKINGS

MARKING - NO BORDERS

At night the marking looks like a solid yellow line across the taxiway

STRIATED MARKING Used for marking in frost susceptible areas Painted stripes 4 to 8inches in width Unpainted stripes not toexceed width of paintedstripe NOT ACCEPTABLE FORCAT II OR CAT IIIAPPROACHES

MARKING - GLASS BEADS- P-620 FAA Specification- Used to Increase Visibility of Markings- Used on Runways, Taxiways, and Apron

MANDATORY SIGNSTW RW IntersectionRW RW Intersection

No EntrySignRW ApproachAreaILS Critical Area

DIRECTION SIGNSTaxiway DirectionRunway Exit

DESTINATION SIGNS

LOCATION SIGNSRW Approach Area Boundary SignILS Critical Area Boundary SignTaxiway Location SignRunway Location Sign

TAXIWAY ENDING MARKER

ROADWAY SIGNS

TO RUNWAY '9'SURFACE PAINTED HOLDING POSITION SIGN

TAXIWAY 'B'TAXIWAY 'A'SURFACE PAINTED SIGNSPAVEMENT EDGEDIRECTION SIGNLOCATION SIGNS

Distance Remaining SignsInformation SignsAdditional Signs

Runway Edge LightsLIRL VisualMIRL Non precisionHIRL Precision

Approach Requirements

THRESHOLD LIGHTS

RUNWAY CENTERLINE LIGHTSLocated along runway centerline - (normally white)alternate red & white from 3000 to 1000 feetsolid red the last 1000 feetsplit lens with back side white

Taxiway Edge LightsColor is blueDistance can vary based on length of taxiwaycannot exceed 200 feet between lightsBrightnessMITL 3 levelsLITL 1 level

Taxiway Centerline LightsColor is greenTaxiway centerline lead-off lights are alternate green/yellowFor RVR ops 1200 ft and above, spacing is max of 100 ftFor RVR ops below 1200 ft, max spacing is 50 feet

Clearance BarsIn-pavement yellow light fixturesused to identify hold points when less than 600 RVRUsed in conjunction withtaxiway holding position markingsgeographic position markings

Runway Guard Lights- Elevated

- In PavementBelow 1200 RVR - all taxiways, whether part of low visibility route or not will have Runway Guard Lights

Access Below 600 RVR-All illuminated taxiways will have Stop Bars-If taxiway provides entry onto or across active runway, Stop Bars will be controlled individually-At other taxiways, Stop Bars will be uncontrolled

2726Basic Runway consists of1. designation markings2. Center lineCenter lines are : 120 feet in length with 80 foot gapsMinimum width for basic runway is 12 inchesfor nonprecision is 18 inchesfor precision is 36 inchesAdd in Runway Aiming Point Marking1020 feet from runway threshold150 feet long30 feet wide for runways 150 ft or greaterProportionate decrease as runway width decreasesRunway threshold marking:Series of 8 longitudinal stripesStart at 20 feet from threshold150 feet long& 12 ft wide3 foot space between stripesGoing over to ICAO standardBesides previous markings, precision approach runway has side stripes requiredminimum width is same as centerline - 3 ftmaximum distance between outer edges of the stripes is 200 ft

Runway Touchdown Zone Markings: There is 500 ft between RTZs. Remember that the 2nd set is actually the aiming point marking.2423No notesNo notes2524No notesEMPHASIZE THAT THE THRESHOLD BAR IS WHITE AND IS PAINTED TOWARD THE MAIN PART OF THE RUNWAY.No notesRepeat -- demarcation bar is 3 ft wide and painted on the taxiway, not the runway3231Consists of 2 solid lines and 2 broken lines - Broken lines are closest to runway.Aircraft holds on solid line sideDistance based on width of safety area and obstacle free zone.ILS/MLS hold line resembles ladder

373664633938383744434342454446454746515050495554525153526362605998111056555756Based on the visual, nonprecision, precision method. Next slide shows the requirements based on the minimal requirementsLIRL 1 level brightnessMIRL 3 stepsHIRL - 5 steps

Color is white except for instrument runways where last 2000 feet is split yellow/white - yellow is on the instrument runway rollout side to alert pilotLights are located 200 feet apart - for precision instrument runway 200 feet distance must be kept by using semiflush or flush mounted fixturesFor MIRL and LIRL - gaps to 400 ft may be acceptable.Threshold/runway end lights are perpendicular to edge lights and are group of 4 lights for instrument runways and 3 lights for visual runways.These are split lens lights of red and green red facing the runway and green the approach endSEE NEXT SLIDE FOR VISIBILITY AND CEILING TABLE.New marking requirements as a result of GPSTerminology of precision, nonprecision and visual disappearing due to GPS.Visibility and ceiling becoming more paramount than previously.< = less than>greater than

Runway edge lighting required for night minimums. HIGH INTENSITY LIGHTS REQUIRED FOR RVR-BASED MINIMUMS.

WHEN IN DOUBT ABOUT MARKING RUNWAYS, CONTACT THE ADO OR THE CERT INSPECTOR.

ABOVE INFO FROM TABLE A16-1, APPENDIX 16, AC 150/5300-13, AIRPORT DESIGNNo notesAC 150/5340-19 gives longitudinal spacing for curved areas .