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Anupdparinibbna: A Different Interpretationof Anupdisesa Nibbna with Reference to

Canonical and Commentarial Literature

Dr. S. Vijitha Kumara

Lecturer,

International PhD Programme in Buddhist StudiesDept. of Humanities,

Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities,

Mahidol University,Thailand.

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Research Aim The purpose of this paper is to look into the

correlation between anupdparinibbna andanupdisesanibbna

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Canonical References

Rathavinta sutta (M) Dutiya Gilna sutta (S) Anupdparinibbna sutta (S) Purisagati sutta (A)

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A few secondary suggestions

Its meaning is, then, not with a remainder ofclinging, but with a remainder (of something

unexpressed, perhaps of life or of kamma ). The first nibbna is the nibbna of the kilesas rga,dosa and moha but the individual is still alive

because he still has an atisesa or adhiea ofkarma or life left to him K.R Norman - (Buddhist Forum: p215)

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Figuratively speaking, it is like stopping a potters wheel.The potters wheel is spun around by the power of anelectric motor. Saup disesa is like a wheel spinning evenafter the power is turned off, due to momentum;

anupdisesa is like the final stopping of the wheel becausethere is no more force left.

Thus, the state of a non-returner can be expressed asnirvana with a remainder of clinging, since there still isattachment left ( saupdisesa ); whereas the state of a saint(arahant) can be expressed as nirvana without a remainderof clinging

Soonil Hwang : Metaphor and literalism in Buddhism p14

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One who has reached final liberation has therebyfully understood the nature of grasping (SN IV33). In fact, the total absence of clinging andgrasping is the final goal itself.

Bhikkhu Analayo: From Grasping to Emptiness: p18

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Here the two forms are referred to as nirvana with thesubstrate left (saupadisesa , that is, nirvana attained in this life )and nirvana without substrate (anupadisesa , that is, nirvana ofthe dead arahant).

Kalupahana D.J : Buddhist Philosophy p70

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In the anupdisesanibbna, these feelings become cooled( sabbavedayitni anabhinanditni stibhavissanti ). Sincethe cooling of feelings takes place right here (idheva),anupdisesa nibbna too is an experience of the living

Arahant . In the anupdisesa nibbana, what is absent is allwhat is felt, but not the sense faculties. Therefore, specialexperience of nibbna without all forms of feelings with the

presence of non- active sense faculties is called anupdisesa

nibbna.Abeynayake Oliver: JCBSSL Vol II.

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Discussion

One opinion is that anupdisesanibbna is anexperience at the death. The other is that it is an

experience in this world itself.

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Anupdissesa = na+upa+ +d (updi)+sesa

Anupdissesa = na+upa+ ati+ (ati>adhi) sesa

Anupd parinibbna= na +upa+ +d

(Updi [the compn.-- from of updna, derived fr. upd in analogy tonouns in a & which change their a to i in compn - PTS)

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anupdparinibbna nma appaccayaparinibbna - (Ma) Dvedh updnni gahapdnaca paccaypdnaca. gahapdnavdino cariy anupdparinibbnanti catsu

updnesu aatarenpi kaci dhamma aggahetv pavattaarahattaphala anupdparinibbnanti kathenti.

Paccaypdnavdino pana anupdparinibbnanti

appaccayaparinibbna . (Ma) Appaccayaparinibbna nti anupdisesanibbnamha. Idni

pakrantarenapi anupdparinibbna dassetudvedh tidi vutta (Mtik) Appaccayaparinibbnatthy ti yati paisandhiy

akraabhtaparinibbnatthya (Vimati)

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So bhave na rajjati, sambhave na rajjati, atthuttari padasanta sammappaya passati. Taca khvassa padasabbena sabba sacchikata hoti, tassa sabbena sabbamnnusayo pahno hoti, sabbena sabba bhavargnusayo

pahno hoti, sabbena sabba avijjnusayo pahno hoti. Sosavna khay atthuttari pada santa sammappaya

passati. sacchikatv upasampajja viharati. Ida vuccati, bhikkhave, anupdparinibbna. (A)

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Yato kho, nanda, bhikkhu imsaca sattannaviahitna imesaca dvinna yatanna samudayacaatthagamaca assdaca dnavaca nissaraacayathbhta viditv anupd vimutto hoti, ayavuccatnanda, bhikkhu pavimutto.

Mahanidana sutta: DN

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Tasm tathgato sabbamaitna sabbamathitnasabbaahakramamakramnnusayna khay virgnirodh cg painissagg anupd vimuttoti vadmti.

- Sammsambuddha sutta - S

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Avijjya ce, vuso, bhikkhu nibbidya virgya nirodhya paipanno hoti, dhammnudhammappaipanno bhikkhti alavacanya. Avijjya ce, vuso, bhikkhu nibbid virg nirodhanupd vimutto hoti , dihadhammanibbnappatto bhikkhtiala vacanyti

Naaklp sutta S II

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Anupdparinibbna or anupd vimutta does not refer anexperience after the death. Both the terms signify the experienceright here.

These three terms intimate same basisAnupdi sesanibbna / Anupd parinibbna or Anupd vimutta,

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Problem with Parinibbna

In Pli literature parinibbna is sometimes a synonym ofnibbna (technically called saupdi -sesa); but modern

Sinhalese usage, to which I have conformed, confines it to thedeath of an arhat (technically an- updi - sesa).

R. Gombrich: Precept and Practice, p70

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adassanavisuddhi yvadeva anupdparinibbnatth.Anupdparinibbnattha kho, vuso, bhagavati

brahmacariya vussatti.Rathavinta sutta

So bhave na rajjati, sambhave na rajjati, atthuttari padasanta sammappaya passati. Taca khvassa padasabbena sabba sacchikata hoti, tassa sabbena sabbamnnusayo pahno hoti, sabbena sabba bhavargnusayo

pahno hoti, sabbena sabba avijjnusayo pahno hoti. So

savna khay atthuttari pada santa sammappaya passati. sacchikatv upasampajja viharati . Ida vuccati, bhikkhave, anupdparinibbna. (A)

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Conclusion Anupdparinibbana intimates that there is a nibbna with the

clinging. It would be better to understand as saupdisesanibbna. But,anupdparinibbna, means the emancipation without any clingingcan be interpreted equivalent to anupdisesanibbna. That is to say, ifanupdparinibbna and anupdisesanibbna occur same state( Appaccayaparinibbnanti anupdisesanibbnamha ), beyond adoubt, it should be understood that anupdisesanibbna is anexperience in right here. Also, it takes place as a result of taking out

all the clinging entirely (included paccaya updna) .

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Thank you very much

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Questions are welcome