Sherin George, Shankar Me ti and Sabu P. Idiculaclinic.rubberboard.org.in/PDF/ircpdf/CM-09...
13
11/2/2012 1 REDUCING THE IMMATURE PHASE OF NATURAL RUBBER CULTIVATION: ROLE OF AGROMANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES Sherin George, Shankar Meti and Sabu P. Idicula Division of Agronomy/Soils, Rubber Research Institute of India Rubber Board, (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India) Kottayam, Kerala – 686 009, India The lengthy gestation period of rubber is a matter of concern among the rubber farmers, especially smallholders The organized research and development (R&D) efforts to reduce the gestation period of Hevea brasiliensis across the major producing countries during the past six decades have been primarily guided by the twin objectives of achieving an early farm income and savings in the development cost INTRODUCTION
Transcript of Sherin George, Shankar Me ti and Sabu P. Idiculaclinic.rubberboard.org.in/PDF/ircpdf/CM-09...
11/2/2012
1
REDUCING THE IMMATURE PHASE OF NATURAL RUBBER CULTIVATION: ROLE OF AGROMANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
Sherin George, Shankar Meti and Sabu P. Idicula
Division of Agronomy/Soils, Rubber Research Institute of IndiaRubber Board, (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India)
Kottayam, Kerala – 686 009, India
The lengthy gestation period of rubber is a matter ofconcern among the rubber farmers, especiallysmallholders
The organized research and development (R&D) effortsto reduce the gestation period of Hevea brasiliensisacross the major producing countries during the pastsix decades have been primarily guided by the twinobjectives of achieving an early farm income andsavings in the development cost
INTRODUCTION
11/2/2012
2
11/2/2012
3
Objective
To develop an agronomic package to reduce the immaturity period of Hevea
Experiment details
Year of Commencement : 2005
Clone : RRII 105Design : RBDReplications : 3Location : Malankara Estate, Thodupuzha
(Traditional rubber growing region)
11/2/2012
4
PHYSICO‐CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL
Texture : Sandy clay loam pH : 4.74 OC (%) : 1.35Av.P (mg/100g) : 0.75Av.K (mg/100g) : 6.44
1. Standard practice (SP) ‐ Current recommendation
2. Enhanced nutrient application (ENA)(Per plant)
Application of 10 kg FYM 500 g bonemeal 500 g groundnut cake 1.5 times the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers
Treatments
Year of planting N:P:K:Mg (kg/ha)
Frequency
1 20:20:8:3 1
2 40:40:16:6 2
3 50:50:20:7.5 2
4 40:40:16:6 2
5th onwards 30:30:30 2
11/2/2012
5
3. Selective manuring (SM) +SP Application of 1.5 times the recommended dose of
chemical fertilizers in 3 splits
4. Conservation ‐oriented tillage (COT) +SP Forking the plant basin Mulching Conservation pits @ 250 per ha
5. Irrigation (I) +SP Irrigation during summer months at 50% of the water
requirement for the initial three years
6. Irrigation+ Enhanced nutrient application (I +ENA)
7. Integrated management (IM) A combination of enhanced nutrient application, selective
manuring , irrigation and conservation ‐oriented tillage
11/2/2012
6
Observations
GrowthSoil nutrient status
Leaf nutrient status Soil moisture
Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Disease incidence
Results and Discussion
11/2/2012
7
Effect of agromanagement practices on LAI (2008)
Current recommended practice Integrated management
Canopy images in the centre of four plants
11/2/2012
8
Current recommended practice Integrated management
Canopy images in the middle of adjacent plants in a row
Treatment
Mean soil moisture status (%) 2007 2008 2009
0‐20cm 20‐40cm 0‐20 cm 20‐40 cm 0‐20 cm 20‐40 cm
Standard practice 15.28 20.20 10.21 14.02 14.61 17.13
Selective manuring 15.77 19.72 10.01 14.10 15.44 17.60
Enhanced nutrient application
16.33 20.75 10.99 13.24 13.37 15.94
Conservation oriented tillage 16.06 20.96 10.37 15.19 15.20 17.85
Irrigation 20.53 22.53 10.99 13.69 14.16 16.68
Irrigation+ Enhanced nutrient application
19.46 20.03 10.01 13.03 13.85 16.17
Integrated management 20.12 21.32 10.21 14.96 15.57 18.02
SECD(P=0.05)
0.591.84
0.65NS
0.48NS
0.92NS
1.26 NS
1.18NS
Effect of agromanagement practices on soil moisture status
11/2/2012
9
(2007)
Effect of agromanagement practices on soil nutrient status
11/2/2012
10
Effect of agro management practices on leaf nutrient status
DISEASE SEVERITY
Phytophthora
leaf fall
Phytophthora
shoot rot
Colletotrichumleaf disease
Mild to moderate
11/2/2012
11
Effect of agromanagement practices on pink incidence
Disease incidence was not influenced by treatments
TreatmentGirth (cm)
July,2007
July, 2008
June,2009
June2010
March2011
Standard practice (SP) 13.15 20.49 27.56 36.20 40.44
Selective manuring+SP 13.73 24.02 31.16 40.89 43.55
Enhanced nutrient application 14.66 23.75 30.54 40.91 43.44
Conservation oriented tillage +SP 14.53 24.28 31.37 42.59 45.84
Irrigation +SP 15.28 25.21 32.57 43.39 46.20
Irrigation+ Enhanced nutrient application
16.17 25.56 33.91 43.11 47.04
Integrated management 17.99 27.98 37.28 46.28 50.19
SE CD (P=0.05)
0.310.95
0.491.51
0.792.43
0.561.75
0.641.95
Effect of agromanagement practices on growth of rubber
11/2/2012
12
Treatment Tappability (%)
Standard practice 4
Enhanced nutrient application 16
Selective manuring 20
Conservation oriented tillage 30
Irrigation 33
Irrigation+ENA 33
Integrated management 72
SECD(P=0.05)
516
EFFECT ON PERCENTAGE TAPPABILITY AS ON 3/11
AGROMANAGEMENT PRACTICES HAVE A PROFOUND INFLUENCE ON GROWTH OF RUBBER
CONCLUSION
The experiment clearly indicates thefeasibility of substantially reducingthe immaturity period of rubberthrough the adoption of improvedagromanagement techniques
11/2/2012
13
Thank youTHANK YOU
