Seminar on Water Integrity

Seminar on Water Integrity Side Event, ACWUA Fifth Best Practices Conference

Muscat , Oman

June 6th, 2012

Delivered and documented by

Jamal Al Salah & Mostafa Biad

1

This report is prepared by the Seminar trainers, it is not intended to describe or to attach all the training

content , the trainers made some summary of the training content delivered under the title "Seminar

Proceeding" taking from the slides and the content samples of the most important presented topics. The

participants received at the end of the workshop a soft copy all presentations and training content deli-

vered beside other related material, literature, books, hand books, examples.

The Trainers like to address their thanks to all participants for their dedication and serious participation

and inputs through the working sessions, discussions, enriching from their side the content and empha-

sizing in the other hand the "importance of the Water Integrity”.

Special thanks are due to Dr. Thomas Petermann for his continuous support and facilitating the imple-

mentation of this seminar, and to Eng. Khaldon Khashman and to all ACWUA staff for their excellent

arrangement and logistical support that definitely supported the smooth implementation of the Seminar

sessions.

2

List of Contents

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3

Objectives: .................................................................................................................................................... 3

Participants ................................................................................................................................................... 4

Training material, Content, Language ........................................................................................................... 4

Seminar Program; Timing and Venue ........................................................................................................... 4

Trainers ......................................................................................................................................................... 4

Seminar Sessions ........................................................................................................................................... 5

Seminar Procedure ....................................................................................................................................... 6

Risk Mapping working group ...................................................................................................................... 12

Comments and ideas from participants ...................................................................................................... 12

Seminar Evaluation ..................................................................................................................................... 13

Comments and Recommendations of the Trainers: ................................................................................... 14

Annex 1 – Program ...................................................................................................................................... 15

Annex 2 : List of Participants ....................................................................................................................... 16

Annex 3 :Results of the Risk Mapping Exercise .......................................................................................... 18

Group Exercise : .......................................................................................................................................... 18

Photos ......................................................................................................................................................... 23

3

Introduction "WATER" beside it is the main essential life element; it became a world-wide critical issue, affecting the

human life and environmental conditions. Water scarcity in the world and specifically in some known

countries, is creating new challenges for those working in

the management , supply and water service; thus, the

way the water sector is managed needs to be reconsi-

dered by adoption of Water Governance principles and

tools, of which Water Integrity is a highly important and

sensitive concept to guarantee more higher water gover-

nance, for better efficient and effective water manage-

ment and equal distribution of water resources in Urban

and rural areas, and of course for households and other

essential domains like Industry , agriculture taking into

consideration the environmental aspects.

From another angle, water now is a crucial political issue

between and inside countries, and is a relatively power

holder manipulation, with real signs of future conflicts on

water resources, of which some serious conflicts are al-

ready taking place.

Assuring higher level water governance requires impor-

tant determinants like transparency; accountability and

participation. The Lack and negligence of these determi-

nants may lead to different levels of corruption at various scales. Corruption doesn’t necessarily mean

only financial, but can also cover different topics at managerial, procurement, infrastructure and of

course operation and maintenance.

The water Integrity concept is introduced to help protecting

the rights of the consumers, tax payer, and guarding the fi-

nancial resources without neglecting the ethical and human

rights, rules and roles of the law.

Objectives: This one day seminar aimed to sensitize and familiarize the

participants with the water Integrity Concept, its tools, me-

chanisms and approaches to strengthen integrity, transparen-

cy and accountability in Water Sector by bringing the infor-

mation and knowledge on the Water Integrity concept, and opening wide window on the problem of

Corruption in Water Sector, with focus on the Water Governance, Transparency, Accountability, Cost

and impact of Corruption in the water sector and to highlight the tools of Corruption analysis and com-

bating corruption in the Water Sector.

4

Participants The participants were selected from the Country teams participated in the ACWUA 5th Best Practices

Conference, representing all participating countries!!, and from various senior managerial levels. 29

participants attended the seminar.

The participants proved high interest, dedi-

cation, interaction and participation through

the working sessions with deep discussions

and inputs on the topic, bringing their exam-

ples, own experiences and comments.

The participants expressed their positive

support to the "Water Integrity" concept for

their utilities and the need to be presented for their colleagues in their respective countries.

Training material, Content, Language The training material / content delivered was based on the "Water Integrity Training Manual" issued by

international agencies (UNDP, SIWI, WIN, Cap-Net and Waternet), however the training content was

slightly modified to fit the one day seminar without affecting the core principle of the topic. The partici-

pants received soft copy of the training material contains ( the Water Integrity Training Manual, and a

folder "E-Library" of relevant international resources, books, Handbooks, reports covering Water Integri-

ty related Topic) in addition hard copy a technical document on Water Integrity prepared by Dr. Thomas

Petermann, and some international references.

The content was presented mainly by Power point in English, while all inputs and discussion were made

in Arabic allowing all participants to freely participate in the comments, discussion and exchange of

views.

Seminar Program; Timing and Venue The Seminar took place from 09:00 to 17:00 on June 6, the program was distributed on 4 working ses-

sions, including coffee and Lunch breaks. The detailed working program is attached (annex 1).

The Seminar took place as an activity of the ACWUA 5th Best Practices Conference in The Shangri-la Ho-

tel – Muscat, Oman.

Trainers Mr. Mostafa Biad and Mr. Jamal Al Salah are professional -trainers, Mr. Biad is coming from the water

sector as member of the National Office For Potable Water in Morocco. Mr. Al Salah is a civil engineer

working in the training and consulting sector with considerable background and experience in water

projects. Both trainers have participated in the Training of Trainers Course carried by GIZ on Water Inte-

grity in May 2012 in Feldafing, Germany.

5

Seminar Sessions An official opening was carried by Mr. Khaldon Khashman ACWUA Secretary General and Dr. Thomas

Petermann Senior Project Manager, GIZ MENA WANT water program.

Mr. Khashman welcomed the participants and made a brief overview

on the topic relating the corruption in water sector with the positive

behavior and its impact on the water cycle management, with expla-

nation of the transparency concept with just and equal distribution of

water, transparency with the management, and working staff, trans-

parency with the citizens and beneficiaries.

Mr. Khashman informed that the Transparency International issued a

report on "Corruption in Water Sector" 2008, with classification and

positioning of the Arab countries in the list of corruption with regard

to tendering, awarding, procurement, O&M … , adding that changes

in the Arab World (the Arab Spring) imposes us to begin reform, es-

pecially in the water sector where many in the Arab world are suffer-

ing of water scarcity or water quality and water services in general.

Closing his speech; by informing that several training activities on this

topic will take place in the future, and wishing the participants useful

discussions.

In his turn Thomas highlighted the importance of Water Integrity

worldwide as an element of good water governance, and the growing

interest, attention given and the expected benefits resulting from

implementing principles of honesty, accountability and transparency.

He added that this seminar carried in one day aims to raise aware-

ness amongst senior water professionals and officials, to highlight the

concept and introduce some tools available to take action in the wa-

ter and wastewater sector. A regional training on Water Integrity will

be carried for the middle management later in 2012. Thomas wished

all the audience a successful seminar and discussions, and introduced

the two trainers who attended the Training-of-Trainers seminar in Germany. This course was jointly

organized with international partners from the UNDP Water Governance Facilities, SIWI, the Water Inte-

grity Network WIN and the International Water and Sanitation Centre IRC. Permission to use the training

material was granted from Hakan Tropp (WGF Project Director) and the authors. Thomas introduced his

summarizing article on “Water Integrity – Clearing muddy waters” that was distributed to all partici-

pants. He mentioned that all participants will get access to en “e-library” that will display important lite-

rature, articles and the Training Manual on Water Integrity, and links to partner websites, e.g.

www.waterintegritynetwork.net and www.watergovernance.org

The trainers invited for a round of introduction of participants, followed by announcing the working

program and the content, rules and objectives.

http://www.waterintegritynetwork.net/

6

Water Governance

Economic

dimension

Political dimension

Social dimensio

n

Environment &

Sustainability dimension

Seminar Procedure

Session One:

Mostafa Biad made the introduction of the Go-vernance and Water Integrity in MENA re-gion, the definitions, the relevance of Water Governance with the IWRM importance and relation to Water Integrity, Governance di-mensions reaching the Principles of Integrity. Through the process it was clarified that (the water crises is not water or financial scarcity but mainly crises of governance – GWP,2000), and that IWRM is a holistic management of water, taking into consideration all dimen-sions: the entire water cycle (resource), all sectors (users), spatial (basin / administra-tive), time scales and interests and Both IWRM and (water) governance are complex, intertwined, and profoundly political.

Good governance emerges when stake-holders engage and participate with each other in an inclusive, transparent and ac-countable manner to accomplish better service provision that is free of corruption and abuse, and performed within the rule of law. Important Principles of Water Governance

Transparency Clear rules and roles & responsibilities of actors (differs from manual which states access to information & understanding decision making)

Accountability Procedures are applied; actors hold each other accountable (answerable for action)

Participation Information accessible to third parties who can file effective complaints (access to justice) and influence

The IWRM Cube

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Transparency

Transparency comprises all means to facilitate citizens’ access to information and their understanding of decision-making mechanisms.

Transparency, integrity and accountability in IWRM is fundamental to the creation of a peaceful and secure management structure for its implementation.

Accountability

• Good governance and sound institutions play a huge role in promotion of accountability. Accountability is about being answerable for one’s actions.

• It requires the ability of citizens, civil society organizations and the private sector to scrutinize leaders, public institutions and governments and hold them accountable for their actions.

Participation

• IWRM can only be successful if all stakeholders, including marginalized and resource-poor groups, can become meaningfully involved in water management decisions.

• Governments should support the participation of all stakehold-ers.

• Legislation needs to both grant communities and other stake-holders a right to become involved in the water management process, AND

• Encourage statutory institutions to provide stakeholders with sufficient information and incentives to participate in a mea-ningful way.

Benefits of Participation

• More successful projects in terms of scale, design, operation and maintenance;

• Improve cost recovery. Key to revenue generation and financing; • Environmental resources are protected and cultural and human rights are respected; • Coordinate interests and resolve conflicts; • Increase transparency and accountability in decision-making.

Session Two: This session title "Integrity Principles in Water Sector" was

presented by Jamal Al Salah, covered the definition of Cor-

ruption "What is corruption?" ; Corruption risk in the wa-

ter sector ; Corruption interaction framework ; Costs and

impacts of corruption, From anti-corruption to integrity

Impact and cost of corruption, and Pillars of Water Integri-

ty (Transparency, Accountability, Participation)

8

The presentation covered types of corruption (petty Cash and Grand Thefts) , with an example of poor water governance taken from an example country. Moving to the Corruption Interac-tion Framework: "Public – Public" , "public – Private" and "Public Consumers" with highlight on the nature of interaction of each. The cost of Corruption:

• Reduces available resources for sector • Creates inefficiencies in projects (, wrong

technology choices, additional cost, poor quality etc.)

• Distorts allocations (most profitable choice for corruptor)

• Is endemic disease that infects others • Endangers the environment • May effect particularly poorer sections (less

resources to bribe, access justice system, cheated by politicians)

Pillars of Water Integrity

A- Transparency Refers to openness and public access to in-formation so that citizens can understand the decision making process that affect them , and are knowledgeable about the standards to expect from public officials

B- Accountability

Democratic principles that elected officials and those in public service can be held ac-countable for their actions and answer to those they serve; this includes political, ad-ministrative and financial dimensions

C- Participation • IWRM can only be successful if all stakeholders, including marginalized and resource-

poor groups, can become meaningfully involved in water management decisions.

• Governments should support the participation of all stakeholders.

• Legislation needs to both grant communities and other stakeholders a right to become involved in the water management process, AND

• Encourage statutory institutions to provide stakeholders with sufficient information and incentives to participate in a meaningful way.

9

Session Three This session was planned to cover: Tools for Corruption Identification and assessment; Drivers of Corruption; Corruption Risk Identification and Corruption Risk Mapping. Mostafa Biad tackled the topic starting with the Corruption drivers and the Incentives and Disincentives for corrup-tion followed by the Drivers for Change.

Incentives and disincentives for corruption to occur

Ranking Corruption Risk "Risk Quadrant"

Less Likely to Happen

More Likely to Happen

Low Impact

Requires Low Control

Monitor Closely

High Impact

Monitor Closely

Monitor Systematically and

prevent at source

The Corruption Interaction Framework

The corruption interaction framework role is identifying different forms of corruption by distinguishing-

between:

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At what level/process and between which sets of actors different types of corruption are likely

to be found. The nature of corruption is likely to be different at these interfaces.

Using the framework involves locating types of perceived or known corruption to the appropri-

ate cell, specifying the type of corruption (checking definitions) and the parties (always at least

two) involved.

Public-Public Public-Private Public-Consumer

Policy making & regu-

lation

Planning & budgeting

Donor Financing

Fiscal Transfers

Mgt & Program Design

Tendering

&Procurement

Construction

Operation & Mainten-

ance

Payment (for services)

The Corruption Risk Mapping

Comprehensive risk mapping tool breaks down corruption risks at process and sub - process level and links the risk with an action to reduce the risk (form below)

Similar to the Corruption Interaction Framework but in addition identifies:

• Early warning indicators: are ‘danger signs’ to watch out for that answer the question: “What would make the risk come true? These need to be measurable either by qualitative data (e.g. no

11

division between regulator & provider roles), others will be based on quantitative data (e.g. in-crease in price of informal water).

• Anti-corruption measures/tools to minimize the identified risk

Risk Area Corruption Risk Early Warning Indica-

tor

Anti-corruption tool

Policy making & regu-

lation

Planning & budgeting

Donor Financing

Fiscal Transfers

Mgt & Programme

Design

Tendering & Procure-

ment

Construction

Operation & Mainten-

ance

Payment (for services)

The Session Four was combined with session three. The topic "Tools for enhancing Water Integrity Laws, Advocacy, Anti-Corruption Programs" was carried by Jamal Al Salah covering

The Accountability strategies; including the vertical and horizontal strategies, including role of law.

Anti-corruption conventions; with explanation of binding and non binding agreements and conven-tions, with description of international treaties and regional conventions such as the General Assem-bly's resolutions, African Union Convention on pre-venting and combating corruption, SADC Protocol against Corruption (South African Development

Horizontal

Vertical External

12

Community) – and the United Nations Convention Against Corruption

Freedom of Information Laws; Sweden in 1766 implemented the first Freedom of Information law.

Anti-corruption institutions.

Risk Mapping working group

At the end of the session participants applied in working group the Corruption Risk Mappingana-lysis exercise, and carried presentation of each working group with comparison and discussion on the results. The results of the working group are given in Annex 3.

Comments and ideas from participants During the seminar, the main ideas captured from the discussions, interventions are as follow:

The TAP, Integrity principles, are tightly

linked and would never be separated and dif-

ficult to talk on priority of any of them on the

others,

Commitment should be considered also a

complement to TAP principles,

The main problem in Arab countries is lack of

participation,

Participation should not be restricted to

access to information but also an effective

involvement in decision making,

One important issue is how to make the participation of the civil society sustainable,

Public acceptance and awareness is a critical issue,

13

The problem of tansboundary water resources remain very complex issue,

Some participants did not accept the term “Corruption” and asked to talk about water management,

Information (secret) disclosure, insider trading, is a big problem in procurement and tendering pro-

cess.

Seminar Evaluation At the end of the session a brief evaluation took place, participants made quick verbal comments after

which they were invited to score on the board their evaluation as per criteria prepared on flipchart

boards.

1 2 3

Details of the Evaluation

1-

Very low

Low Medium High Very High

How Useful is the Water Integrity Concept

1 9 9

To which level do you think we succeeded to cover the topic 1 4 10 4

2-

Very low

Low Medium High Very High

Would you like to have 5 days training for middle staff 1 6 12

Would you like to apply Water Integrity Tools in your com-pany

6 9

3- Some participants made verbal feedback that was in general between positive to highly positive such as (this

is important topic for our work, or this is very important topic for our work). However with all positive feed-

back from all participants through the working session; the breaks and while carrying the group exercise, and

carrying the presentation of the group results, still one participant was not happy since the beginning, he

strongly opposed and denied the concept of corruption in water sector.

14

Comments and Recommendations of the Trainers: The Water Integrity is a relatively new concept worldwide and of course for the Arab region.It has been

titled so to consider the positive path and end

result towards more and better honest pro-

cedures in the water sector, and to avoid

keeping circling in the negative circle of Cor-

ruption, one more reason is to avoid the accu-

sation and offensive path in addition to avoi-

dingSensitivity by some people as appeared

by one of the participants in this seminar.

The training content/ manual has been pre-

pared for international context by interna-

tional and European Experts, however , the

issue is not pure technical to be applied any-

where or in any country, it is mainlytouching cultural and human behavior of human beings practicing

several responsibilities, duties, tasks and may be at all levels in the water sector.

Based on the above the trainers like to recommend:

The training material and content which is under translation into Arabic, should be more “Ara-

bized” and “localized” to be more cultural sensitive rather than only translation. Therefore the

training material has to be reviewed, the training content including the /slides and Powerpoint

presentations to be adapted to the local conditions and culture, including examples and photos,

local laws , treaties and conventions, and should be re-produced in the Arabic Language.

Encourage and support wide spread of the concept of Water Integrity in the Arab Region, espe-

cially in countries under high water scarcity and high cost of water services, or high and medium

signs of corruption in the water

sector.

Consider the potential of future

opposition to the topic, it might

be soft opposition but also might

be offensive … however opposi-

tion can be explain in many ways,

but at the end should be consi-

dered and prepared for with

calming strategies.

15

Annex 1 – Program

GIZ – ACWUA Regional Seminar on Water Integrity

held at the 5th ACWUA Best Practice Conference,

June 6, 2012 , Muscat – Sultanate of Oman

Time Title of Session Details

08:45 Registration

08:45-9.30 Opening, Introduction, Objectives, Methodology, Program

Session I 09:30 – 10:30

Governance and Water Integrity in MENA region

- Water Governance in MENA Region - The importance of Water Integrity

Coffee Break I – Group Photo 11:00 – 11:30

Session II 11:00 – 12:00

Integrity Principles in Water Sec-tor

- Impact and cost of corruption, - Pillars of Water Integrity (Transpa-

rency, Accountability, Participation)

Session III 12:00 – 13:00

Tools for Corruption Identifica-tion and assessment

- Drivers of Corruption - Corruption Risk Identification - Corruption Risk Mapping

Lunch Break 13:00 – 14:00

Session IV 14:00 – 15:30

Tools for enhancing Water Integr-ity

- Laws, Advocacy, Anti-Corruption Programs, AWIS …

- At Different Levels and Stages of Project.

Coffee Break II 15:30 – 15:45

15:45 -17:30 Group Discussions,

Areas of Application,

Next Steps

17.30 Closing

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Annex 2 : List of Participants

No. Title Name Age Country Institution Duty Station Position Email Address

1 Mr. Hafez Battah 54 Jordan Miyahuna Amman Manager [email protected]

2 Mr. Micheal Morillon 55 Oman MEDRC Muscat Training Director [email protected]

3 Mr. Saleh Bin Rabaa 64 Yemen Freelancer Sanaa Consultant [email protected]

4 Mr. Rifaat A. Wahaab 52 Egypt Holding Company for water and wastewater

Cairo Director [email protected]

5 Mr. Najib Ahmad 56 Yemen LWSCA Aden Director [email protected]

6 Mr. Monther Shoblak 50 Palestine Coastal municipal water utility

Gaza Director General [email protected]

7 Mr. Imad Masri 50 Palestine Nablus Municipality Nablus Manager [email protected]

8 Mr. Ibrahim Almahdi Yemen Sanaayemen local corpora-tion

Sanaa General Director [email protected]

9 Mr. Abdallah Chaouachi 50 Tunisia La SociétéNationaled'Ex-ploitation et de Distribu-tion des Eaux (SONEDE)

North Director [email protected]

10 Mrs. Nadia Abdou 62 Egypt Individual (former Alexan-dria water company)

Alexandria Chairperson at ACWUA

[email protected]

11 Mr. Simon Araj 57 Palestine Water Supply and Sanita-tion Association

General Manager [email protected]

12 Mr. Imad Zurekat 55 Jordan Aqaba Water chief executive officer

[email protected]

13 Mr. Abdallah Biad 44 Morocco Office National de l'eau potable

Head Division [email protected]

14 Mr. Adel Haddad 45 Yemen Ministry of Water and Envi-ronment

Director Manager [email protected]

15 Mr. Abdullah Al Washili 46 Yemen Hajjah Hajjah Director Manager [email protected]

16 Mr. Mohammed Al Douis 47 Yemen Hajjah Hajjah Director Manager [email protected]

17 Mr. Fahad Gallab 38 Yemen AlBayolha Baida General Manager [email protected]

18 Mr. Imad Al Zeer 49 Palestine Hebron Municipality Hebron General Manager [email protected]

19 Mr. Jarrah Al Zubi 40 Jordan Balqaa Applied University Salt Assessment Pro-fessor

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




17

20 Mr. Khalil Ghabbeish 40 Palestine West Bank Water Depart-ment ( WBWD)

Ramallah Head of WBWD [email protected]

21 Ms. Saja Khashman 24 Jordan/ Germany

University of applied sciences; Köln, Germany

Cologne Representative at world youth par-liament for water

[email protected]

22 Mr. Belhaj Hidi 56 Tunisia La SociétéNationaled'Ex-ploitation et de Distribu-tion des Eaux (SONEDE)

North President Direc-tor General

[email protected]

23 Mr. Samir Ben Said Morocco Office National de l'eau potable

Casablanca Director General [email protected]

24 Mr. Fouad Dehaoi 51 Morocco Office National de l'eau potable

Casablanca Manager [email protected]

25 Ms. Sahar El Deeb 40 Egypt Cairo Water Company Cairo [email protected]

26 Mr. Ibrahim Khalid ElSayed 59 Egypt Holding Company Water and Wastewater

North and South Sinai

Chairman [email protected]

27 Mr. Yehya Ashrey 52 Egypt Cairo Water Company Cairo General Manager [email protected]

28 Mr. Mohammad Awamleh 52 Jordan Miyahuna Company Amman Director [email protected]

29 Mr. Tawfiq Sharbaji 60 Yemen Water Sector Support Pro-gram

Sanaa Director [email protected]

ACWUA – GIZ Team

30 Mr. Khaldon Khashman Jordan ACWUA Amman Go to: acwua.org

31 Dr. Thomas Petermann Germany GIZ, Deutsche Gesellschaft für internationale Zusam-menarbeit

Eschborn MENA WANT program

[email protected]

32 Mr. Ahmad Abu Salim Jordan ACWUA Amman

33 Mr. Mostafa Biad 46 Morocco ONEE (National Office of Electricity and Water)

Rabat-Morocco

Commercial de-partment

[email protected]

34 Mr. Jamal Al Salah 55 Jordan INTERACTION – Al Salah Training and Consulting

Amman Manager [email protected]


18

Annex 3 :Results of the Risk Mapping Exercise

Group Exercise :

• Break into groups (regional )

• Decide on Moderator

• Country Selection: Choose one country which some group members know well. One person describes the country situation

• Identify Risks: Complete corruption risk map. The task is to identify the top risks in every category/process and insert this in column 2. Add

early warning indicators and type of information needed to prevent the corruption risk anti-corruption tools in column 2 and 3 respectively.

19

Corruption Risk Map

Risk Area Main Risk Per Area Early Warning Indicators Main Source of Info Needed to Prevent/Detect Corruption

Anti-corruption Meas-ures

Policy-Making& Regula-tion

Plans not systematic Change in planning Evaluation of planned projects

Civil society

Media

Information disclo-sure

Community partici-pation

Hotline


Existing Overlapping responsibilities

Lack of legislation

Technical and adminis-trative abuse

Number of unconfor-mities

Periodic reports

Amend the regula-tions and legislation


Lobbying Common interests,

paid travels and Social events

media

civil society

customer protection NGO’s

Third party involve-ment (civil society)


Loss of rights (rights abuse)

programs Not relevant to reality

different complaints

Grievances

Difficulties in policies implementation

Critics in different local /regional authorities

Civil society

Participation en-hancement in poli-cies and implemen-tation

Lessons learned from similar experiences


Unclear regulations

No visibility

Weakness of legislation

Different complaints

Employees behaviors

E&M departments

Civil society

Pay attention and analyze rumors

Individual follow-up at work

Employees (respon-sibles) rotation

20

Risk Area Main Risk Per Area Early Warning Indica-tors

Main Source of Info Needed to Prevent/Detect Corruption

Anti-corruption Meas-ures

Planning and Budgeting Uncertainty or unclear budget

Complex proce-dures

Budget approval

Yearly evaluation

No access to In-formation

Auditing organization (Finan-cial court)

List of projects with schedules

Media

Civil Society

Planning and Budgeting Improvisation

appointments

Lack of studies Indicators of the sector

Civil soceity

Media

Needs assessment stu-dies

Donor Financing Direct Finance

Increase of interest value

Technical assistance

Delay in imple-mentation

Lack of documen-tation

Allocation of funds compared to other sectors

Agreement related to the funds

M&E reports

Civil society

Media

Prioritizing budgeting among sectors

Donor Financing Long period for implementa-tion

Exaggerated budget

Work not com-pleted on time

Comparing plans with actual executions

Periodical Reports

M&E

Community partici-pation

Information disclo-sure

hotline

21



Anti-corruption Measures

Tendering and pro-curement

Bribe

Fraud (in specifications)

Same tendering list

Same contractors

Unjustified in-crease of reve-nues

Evaluation Report

Multi-committees

Functions separation

Clear specifications


Preparing of tendersand specifications

Awarding Bribery

Comparison of estimated costs and contractors offers

Procurement department

Tendering/ Evaluation report

Project department

Third parties

Application of strict pro-cedures

Integrity charters

Participation/involvement in all departments


Series of tenders awarded to one bidder

Bid guarantees

Lack of informa-tion

Implicit Agree-ment between bidders

Results of bid awards

Evaluation report

Disclose rates of main items

Construction Weak Construction super-vision

Bribery, Gifts, paid travels

Financial follow-up

Weak follow-up

Absenteeism


Wealth signs

Auditing organization

Field work report

Revenue (wealth) declaration

Media

Civil Society

Pact of integrity

Choose the right man in the right place

Rules of procurement

Supervision procedures

Construction Works not complying with specifications

Weak follow-up

Bad works execu-tion

Comments/complaints of employees and customers

Bad service delivery

Clear supervision proce-dures

M&E rules

Clear specifications

22



Anti-corruption Measures

Operation and mainten-ance

Bribery, Fraud

Decrease/fluctuation of service quality and efficien-cy

Complaints num-ber and frequen-cy

Service delivery departments

Media

Reports/survey

Maintenance manage-ment system, GIS, auto-matisation

Operation and mainten-ance

Operation cost increase

Decrease of life-cycle ( equipment)

No sustainability

O&M indicators (high costs)

Failures frequency

Service cutting

Complaints

Damage in facilities

Media

Manuals for O&M,

Benchmarking

Capacity building

Application of O&M procedures

Service Payments Bribe, Fraud Free services Illegal connections

No access to In-formation


Metering

Complex proce-dures

Media

Civil Society

Customer contract analysis

Information disclosure and Awareness

Participation

23

Impressions from group work

Seminar on Water Integrity

Documents

Transcript of Seminar on Water Integrity