History

• 1980: William Friese Greene obtained first patent

• 1900: 3D camera by Frederic Eugene Ives• 1915: Tests in Astor Theater, New York city by

Edwin S Porter and William E via Red-Green anaglyph

• 1922: Earliest confirmed 3D movie “The power of love” in Ambassador hotel theater Los Angeles.

History

• 1922: Teleview system- alternate left right images projected synchronized with arm rests of seats.

• 1922: First Red-Blue anaglyph movie• 1936: MGM presented Academy Award and

Best short Subject award winning movie ”Audioskopiks”

Techniques

• Anaglyph• Polarization• Eclipse Method• Interference filter technology• Pulfrich• Spectral separation• Lenticular or barrier screen

Anaglyph

• Earliest method• Introduced in 1915• Superimposing two images, one left eye

oriented (RED) another right eye (CYAN)• Can be used in TV broadcasting easily• Actual color is not recreated successfully

Polarization

• Polarized at 45 degree and 135 degree (90 degree difference)

• RealD glasses• Circular polarization preferred over linear,

since viewer need not to align himself/herself according to the image orientation

• 4K projector projects 2K images on screen

Polarization

• Metallic screen makes it effective (silver screen), polarization not destroyed, introduced by Thomson Technicolor.

• It reduces overall image brightness and contrast.

Eclipse

• LCD Shutter glasses are used• Do not require silver screen• Brightness and contrast maintained• LCD valves the work by rotating the light

between two opposite polarizing filter• Expensive glasses

Interference filter technology

• Different wavelength of RED CYAN BLUE for each eye (Dolby 3D)

• Appropriate filters for each eye• PANAVISION introduced 5 filter per eye ove r

Dolby 3D• Claims to be cheaper than Dolby 3D and can

be viewed on almost all projectors and screens unlike Dolby 3D

Pulfrich

• Based on human eye sensitivity for different light intensity

• Body moves from left to right at some pace and left eye covered with darker lens

• It creates a two images illusion• Not widely used

Spectral Separation

• Uses holographic film in glasses that create dispersive prism like effect

• Causes “redder” objects perceived as near then “bluer” objects

Lenticular of Barriers

• Superimpose two images• Same sheet• Alternating strips• Screen having narrow lenses allows one image

to be shown at some particular angles (using parallax)

Lenticular of Barriers

• Lenses when made cylindrical reflects light at acute angle

• Viewer have to sit at an angle about 90 degree• Restricts number of viewers• Not widely in use

New Arrivals

• Without glasses• Autosterioscopic LCD screens• Introduced by “Sharp” in 2004• Autosterioscopic mobile screens by Japan in

2009 (Hitachi)• Gaming devices: Nintendo 3DS

New Arrivals

• A motion film standard• 70mm film projection• 8 stories high screen (silver light)• One of the best 3D experience

New Arrivals

• Cheoptics360 • Realistic holograms• Using pyramidal fog screen and multi

projection techniques