3D Printing Seminar REPORT-srijan
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Seminar Report
On
3D PRINTINGSubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
award of degree of
BA!"#$R $% T"!N$#$G&
In
Instrumentation and ontrol "ngineering
Guide: Submitted By:-
Mrs. AEKTA SINGH Srian !pad"yay #$%&'$&$($'')
*epartment o+ Instrumentation , ontro En/ineerin/
A'IT& S!$$# $% "NGIN""RING ( T"!N$#$G&
GGS Indraprastha )ni*ersit+, New Delhi
-./001./02
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A:N$;#"DG"'"NT
I ta6e t"is opportunity to e7press my pro+ound /ratitude and deep re/ards to Dr8 Re9ha
Aggarwal -Dire
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ABSTRAT
(* printin/ is a +orm o+ additi3e manu+a0turin/ te0"noo/y 1"ere a t"ree dimensiona
obe0t is 0reated by ayin/ do1n su00essi3e ayers o+ materia. It is aso 6no1n as rapid
prototypin/2 is a me0"ani8ed met"od 1"ereby (* obe0ts are 9ui06y made on a reasonabysi8ed ma0"ine 0onne0ted to a 0omputer 0ontainin/ bueprints +or t"e obe0t. T"e (*
printin/ 0on0ept o+ 0ustom manu+a0turin/ is e70itin/ to neary e3eryone. T"is re3outionary
met"od +or 0reatin/ (* modes 1it" t"e use o+ in6et te0"noo/y sa3es time and 0ost by
eiminatin/ t"e need to desi/n print and /ue to/et"er separate mode parts. No12 you 0an
0reate a 0ompete mode in a sin/e pro0ess usin/ (* printin/. T"e basi0 prin0ipes in0ude
materias 0artrid/es2 +e7ibiity o+ output2 and transation o+ 0ode into a 3isibe pattern.T"e(* printin/ 0on0ept o+ 0ustom manu+a0turin/ is e70itin/ to neary e3eryone. T"is
re3outionary met"od +or 0reatin/ (* modes 1it" t"e use o+ in6et te0"noo/y sa3es time
and 0ost by eiminatin/ t"e need to desi/n print and /ue to/et"er separate mode parts.
No12 you 0an 0reate a 0ompete mode in a sin/e pro0ess usin/ (* printin/. T"e basi0
prin0ipes in0ude materias 0artrid/es2 +e7ibiity o+ output2 and transation o+ 0ode into a
3isibe pattern8
(* ;rinters are ma0"ines t"at produ0e p"ysi0a (* modes +rom di/ita data by printin/
ayer by ayer. It 0an ma6e p"ysi0a modes o+ obe0ts eit"er desi/ned 1it" a A* pro/ram
or s0anned 1it" a (* S0anner. It is used in a 3ariety o+ industries in0udin/ e1eery2
+oot1ear2 industria desi/n2 ar0"ite0ture2 en/ineerin/ and 0onstru0tion2 automoti3e2
aerospa0e2 denta and medi0a industries2 edu0ation and 0onsumer produ0ts.
T+pi
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TAB#" $% $NT"NTS
TIT#" PAG" N$8
ERTIE*GEMENT II
ABSTRAT III
>IST O< S) '$
(.(: Muti-et modein/ #MM) '$
(.&: In6et (* printin/ ''
&: Manu+a0turin/ a mode 1it" t"e (* ;rinter '4
&.': A/orit"m '4
%: =or6+o1 '(
5: ;ro0ess '&
5.': A* ;reparation #;re ;ro0ess) '&
5.4: (* ;rintin/ '%
5.(: eanin/ (* ;rintouts '5
5.(.': ;o1der Remo3a 'C
5.(.4: Heatin/ 'C
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkjet_printerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkjet_printer -
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5.(.(:
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(* printin/ is a +orm o+ additi3e manu+a0turin/ te0"noo/y 1"ere a t"ree dimensiona
obe0t is 0reated by ayin/ do1n su00essi3e ayers o+ materia. It is aso 6no1n as rapid
prototypin/2 is a me0"ani8ed met"od 1"ereby (* obe0ts are 9ui06y made on a reasonabysi8ed ma0"ine 0onne0ted to a 0omputer 0ontainin/ bueprints +or t"e obe0t. T"e (*
printin/ 0on0ept o+ 0ustom manu+a0turin/ is e70itin/ to neary e3eryone. T"is re3outionary
met"od +or 0reatin/ (* modes 1it" t"e use o+ in6et te0"noo/y sa3es time and 0ost by
eiminatin/ t"e need to desi/n print and /ue to/et"er separate mode parts. No12 you 0an
0reate a 0ompete mode in a sin/e pro0ess usin/ (* printin/. T"e basi0 prin0ipes in0ude
materias 0artrid/es2 +e7ibiity o+ output2 and transation o+ 0ode into a 3isibe pattern.
080 T+pi
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.8 !IST$R& $% 3D PRINTING
T"e te0"noo/y +or printin/ p"ysi0a (* obe0ts +rom di/ita data 1as +irst de3eoped by
"ares Hu in '@&. He named t"e te0"ni9ue as Stereo it"o/rap"y and obtained a patent
+or t"e te0"ni9ue in '@5.
="ie Stereo it"o/rap"y systems "ad be0ome popuar by t"e end o+ '@$s2 ot"er simiar
te0"noo/ies su0" as S) 1ere introdu0ed.
In '(2 Massa0"usetts Institute o+ Te0"noo/y #MIT) patented anot"er te0"noo/y2 named
D( *imensiona ;rintin/ te0"ni9uesD2 1"i0" is simiar to t"e in6et te0"noo/y used in 4*
;rinters.In '52 t"ree maor produ0ts2 DGenisysD +rom Stratasys2 DA0tua 4'$$D +rom (*
Systems and D&$4D +rom orporation 1ere introdu0ed. In 4$$%2 orp. aun0"ed a
brea6t"rou/" produ0t2 named Spe0trum %'$2 1"i0" 1as t"e +irst "i/" de+inition 0oor (*
;rinter in t"e mar6et.
Anot"er brea6t"rou/" in (* ;rintin/ o00urred in 4$$5 1it" t"e initiation o+ an open sour0e
proe0t2 named Reprap2 1"i0" 1as aimed at de3eopin/ a se+-repi0atin/ (* printer.
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38 )RR"NT 3D PRINTING T"!N$#$GI"S
380 Stereo lithograph+=
Stereo it"o/rap"i0 (* printers #6no1n as S>As or stereo it"o/rap"y apparatus) position a
per+orated pat+orm ust beo1 t"e sur+a0e o+ a 3at o+ i9uid p"oto 0urabe poymer. A !?
aser beam t"en tra0es t"e +irst si0e o+ an obe0t on t"e sur+a0e o+ t"is i9uid2 0ausin/ a 3ery
t"in ayer o+ p"otopoymer to "arden. T"e per+orated pat+orm is t"en o1ered 3ery si/"ty
and anot"er si0e is tra0ed out and "ardened by t"e aser. Anot"er si0e is t"en 0reated2 and
t"en anot"er2 unti a 0ompete obe0t "as been printed and 0an be remo3ed +rom t"e 3at o+
p"otopoymer2 drained o+ e70ess i9uid2 and 0ured.
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387 In9>et 3D printing
It 0reates t"e mode one ayer at a time by spreadin/ a ayer o+ po1der #paster2 or resins)
and in6et printin/ binder in t"e 0ross-se0tion o+ t"e part. It is t"e most 1idey used (-*
;rintin/ te0"noo/y t"ese days and t"e reasons beyond t"at are stated beo1.
T"is te0"noo/y is t"e ony onet"at
Ao1s +or t"e printin/ o+ +u 0oor prototypes.
!ni6e stereo it"o/rap"y2 in6et (* printin/ is optimi8ed +or speed2 o1 0ost2 and
ease-o+-use.
No to7i0 0"emi0as i6e t"ose used in stereo it"o/rap"y are re9uired.
Minima post printin/ +inis" 1or6 is needed one needs ony to use t"e printer itse+
to bo1 o++ surroundin/ po1der a+ter t"e printin/ pro0ess.
Ao1s o3er"an/s and e70ess po1der 0an be easiy remo3ed 1it" an air bo1er.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkjet_printerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereolithographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkjet_printerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereolithography -
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78 'AN)%AT)RING A '$D"# ;IT! T!" 3D
PRINT"R
T"e mode to be manu+a0tured is buit up a ayer at a time. A ayer o+ po1der is
automati0ay deposited in t"e mode tray. T"e print "ead t"en appies resin in t"e s"ape o+
t"e mode. T"e ayer dries soid amost immediatey. T"e mode tray t"en mo3es do1n t"e
distan0e o+ a ayer and anot"er ayer o+ po1er is deposited in position2 in t"e mode tray.
T"e print "ead a/ain appies resin in t"e s"ape o+ t"e mode2 bindin/ it to t"e +irst ayer.
T"is se9uen0e o00urs one ayer at a time unti t"e mode is 0ompete
780 A#G$RIT!'
T"e a/orit"m used in t"e In6et (-* ;rintin/ is depi0ted in t"e +i/ure mentioned beo1.
%IG)R" 78080
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28 ;$R: %#$;
T"e 1or6+o1 0an be easiy understood 1it" t"e "ep o+ t"e +o10"art /i3en beo1.
A (-* prototype o+ a desired obe0t is 0reated in t"ree basi0 steps and t"ese steps are: ;re-;ro0ess
(-* ;rintin/
;ost-;ro0ess
%IG)R" 280
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?8 PR$"SS
?80 AD Preparation -Pre1Pro
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minimum o+ se3era "ours. T"e a3era/e 0ost +or printin/ a +u 0oor prototype is
some1"ere bet1een %$ - '$$ J.
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?838. !eating
T"e modes are "eated to set t"e /ue. It is +unny to see t"e o3en in t"is pi0ture is a
standard 0onsumer /rade.
%IG)R" ?838.80
?8383 %inishing Tou
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@8 B"N"%ITS $% 3D PRINTING
T"e most su00ess+u 0ompanies "a3e adopted (* printin/ as a 0riti0a part o+ t"e iterati3e
desi/n pro0ess to:
In0rease Inno3ation
;rint prototypes in "ours2 obtain +eedba062 re+ine desi/ns and repeat t"e 0y0e unti
desi/ns are per+e0t.
Impro3e ommuni0ation
Hod a +u 0oor2 reaisti0 (* mode in your "ands to impart in+initey more
in+ormation t"an a 0omputer ima/e.
reate p"ysi0a (* modes 9ui06y2 easiy and a++ordaby +or a 1ide 3ariety o+
appi0ations.
Speed Time to Mar6et
ompress desi/n 0y0es by (* printin/ mutipe prototypes on demand2 ri/"t in
your o++i0e.
Redu0e *e3eopment osts
ut traditiona prototypin/ and tooin/ 0osts.
Identi+y desi/n errors earier.
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Redu0e tra3e to produ0tion +a0iities.
=in Business
Brin/ reaisti0 (* modes to prospe0ti3e a00ounts2 sponsors and +o0us /roups
8 APP#IATI$NS
80 Design Protot+pes=
(-*imensiona ;rintin/ 0on0ept mode2 +un0tiona prototypes and presentation
modes +or e3auatin/ and re+inin/ desi/n2 in0udin/
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;rintin/ Time: $.% "ours
8. "du
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Not"in/ 0ommuni0ates ideas +aster t"an a t"ree-dimensiona part or mode. =it" a
(* printer you 0an brin/ A* +ies and desi/n ideas to i+e ri/"t +rom your
des6top. Test +orm2 +it and +un0tion and as many desi/n 3ariations as you i6e
1it" +un0tiona parts.
In an a/e in 1"i0" t"e ne1s2 boo6s2 musi02 3ideo and e3en our 0ommunities are a
t"e sube0ts o+ di/ita demateriai8ation2 t"e de3eopment and appi0ation o+ (*
printin/ reminds us t"at "uman bein/s "a3e bot" a p"ysi0a and a psy0"oo/i0a
need to 6eep at east one +oot in t"e rea 1ord. (* printin/ "as a bri/"t +uture2 not
east in rapid prototypin/ #1"ere its impa0t is aready "i/"y si/ni+i0ant)2 but aso in
medi0ine t"e arts2 and outer spa0e. *es6top (* printers +or t"e "ome are aready a
reaity i+ you are prepared to pay +or one andor buid one yourse+. (* printers
0apabe o+ outputtin/ in 0oor and mutipe materias aso e7ist and 1i 0ontinue to
impro3e to a point 1"ere +un0tiona produ0ts 1i be abe to be output. As de3i0es
t"at 1i pro3ide a soid brid/e bet1een 0yberspa0e and t"e p"ysi0a 1ord2 and as
an important mani+estation o+ t"e Se0ond *i/ita Re3oution2 (* printin/ is
t"ere+ore i6ey to pay some part in a o+ our +utures.
008 R"%R"N"S
Arti0es:
25
http://www.explainingthefuture.com/sdr.htmlhttp://www.explainingthefuture.com/sdr.html -
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The object of 3D printing
P+rom Ad3ertisin/ , Mar6etin/ Re3ie1
Printers produce copies in 3D+rom BB NE=S
'Gadget printer' promises industrial revolution
+rom Ne1S0ientist.0om