Semantic Management of Business Processes in the Future Internet at I-CENTRIC 2008 Sliema, Malta...

117
Semantic Management of Business Processes in the Future Internet at I-CENTRIC 2008 Sliema, Malta October 26 th , 2008 Presenters Agata Filipowska (Poznan University of Economics, Poland) Dumitru Roman (STI Innsbruck, Austria) Alexander Simov (Ontotext lab., Bulgaria)

Transcript of Semantic Management of Business Processes in the Future Internet at I-CENTRIC 2008 Sliema, Malta...

Semantic Management

of Business Processes

in the Future Internet

at I-CENTRIC 2008

Sliema, Malta

October 26th, 2008

Presenters

• Agata Filipowska (Poznan University of Economics, Poland)

• Dumitru Roman (STI Innsbruck, Austria)

• Alexander Simov (Ontotext lab., Bulgaria)

© SUPER 19.04.23 2I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Acknowledgement & Copyrights

• This material is based upon works supported by the EU under the SUPER project (FP6 - 026850)

• Material Preparation – KMI: John Domingue, Barry Norton– Poznan University: Agata Filipowska– IAAS, University of Stuttgart: Dimka Karastoyanova, Jörg Nitzsche, Tammo van

Lessen, Zhilei Ma, Frank Leymann– IDS Scheer: Sebastian Stein – STI Innsbruck: Dumitru Roman, Michael Stollberg– DERI Galway: Maciej Zaremba, Sami Bhiri, Armin Haller – Ontotext: Marin Dimitrov

© by the SUPER project consortium

© SUPER 19.04.23 3I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

Introduction

Agata Filipowska, Poznan University of Economics

© SUPER 19.04.23 5I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Querying the Process Space

© SUPER 19.04.23 6I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

The Critical IT / Process Divide

© SUPER 19.04.23 7I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

The Critical IT / Process Divide

© SUPER 19.04.23 8I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

What Are My Services?

© SUPER 19.04.23 9I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

What Are My Services?

© SUPER 19.04.23 10I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

What Are My Services?

© SUPER 19.04.23 11I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Matching Activities and Port Types Based on Semantics

Semantic Web Services

© SUPER 19.04.23 12I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Supporting Business Users Better

© SUPER 19.04.23 13I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Matching Model Representations & Semantics

© SUPER 19.04.23 14I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

Business Process ManagementIntroduction

Agata Filipowska

© SUPER 19.04.23 16I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BusinessProcess

Management(BPM)

Office Automation(since 1980)

Workflow Systems(since 1985)

CSCW / Groupware /Workgroup Systems

EAI(since 1990)

Business Reengineering(since 1990)

Continuous Improvements(since 1990)

Business Process Modelling(since 1990)

Business Process Mngt.(since 2000)

Business Objects(since 2000)

SOA(since 2000)

BPM’s Parents and Definition

© SUPER 19.04.23 17I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Enterprise Modelling

Enterprise Models:“… a computational representation of the structure,

activities, processes, information, resources, people, behavior, goals, and constraints of a business, government, or other enterprises.”

What (Data)

How (Function)

Where (Network)

Who (People)

When Why

Models e.g.UML Class Diagram,ER Model

e.g.Function Modeling

e.g.Business Logistics System

e.g. Workflow

Model

e.g. Master

Schedule

e.g. Business Plan, Strategic Maps

© SUPER 19.04.23 18I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Enterprise Model

PurchaseOrder

ReceivedSYS

GetPurchaseOrder

PurchaseOrder

Extracted

SYS

Load ContentContent

Ready forDownload

SYS

Get License LicenseAvailable

SYS

Send Content& License

PurchaseOrder

Satisfied

© SUPER 19.04.23 19I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

PurchaseOrder

ReceivedSYS

GetPurchaseOrder

Cell Phone

PurchaseOrder

Extracted

SYS

Load ContentContent

Ready forDownload

SYS

Get License LicenseAvailable

SYS

Send Content& License

PurchaseOrder

Satisfied

Cell Phone

Enterprise Model

© SUPER 19.04.23 20I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

PurchaseOrder

ReceivedSYS

GetPurchaseOrder

Cell Phone

Customer

PurchaseOrder

Extracted

SYS

Load ContentContent

Ready forDownload

SYS

Get License LicenseAvailable

SYS

Send Content& License

PurchaseOrder

Satisfied

DigitalContent

Customer License

DigitalContent

License

Cell Phone

ContentIdentifier

ContentIdentifier

Enterprise Model

© SUPER 19.04.23 21I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

PurchaseOrder

ReceivedSYS

GetPurchaseOrder

Cell Phone

Customer

PurchaseOrder

Extracted

SYS

Load ContentContent

Ready forDownload

SYS

Get License LicenseAvailable

SYS

Send Content& License

PurchaseOrder

Satisfied

DigitalContent

Customer License

DigitalContent

License

Cell Phone

Cell PhoneInterfaceService

ContentIdentifier

ContentIdentifier

ContentLibraryService

LicenseService

Cell PhoneInterfaceService

Enterprise Model

© SUPER 19.04.23 22I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

PurchaseOrder

ReceivedSYS

GetPurchaseOrder

Cell Phone

Customer

PurchaseOrder

Extracted

SYS

Load ContentContent

Ready forDownload

SYS

Get License LicenseAvailable

SYS

Send Content& License

PurchaseOrder

Satisfied

DigitalContent

Customer License

DigitalContent

License

Cell Phone

Cell PhoneInterfaceService

ContentProvider

ContentIdentifier

ContentIdentifier

ContentLibraryService

LicenseService

SalesDepartment

Cell PhoneInterfaceService

IT DepartmentIT Department

Enterprise Model

© SUPER 19.04.23 23I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

too complex

Enterprise Model

© SUPER 19.04.23 24I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

• possible abstraction layers are:– requirements definition

– design specification

– implementation specification

– execution and run-time models

• possible views are:– organisational view

– product view

– data view (information architecture)

– function and IT view

– process view

Enterprise Model

© SUPER 19.04.23 25I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

• many different frameworks for enterprise architecture, e.g.:– Zachman Framework (very comprehensive)– ArchiMate (simplified version of Zachman)– ARIS (promoted by IDS Scheer)– TOGAF (strong IT focus)– IAF (promoted by Cap Gemini)

• currently many discussions around process design & execution, e.g.:– BPMN (notation for (IT oriented) business processes)– EPC (notation for business processes)– Petrinets (formalism often used for workflow modelling)– UML Activity diagrams – XPDL (execution language for process definitions)– BPEL (execution language for process definitions)– XLANG (execution language promoted by Microsoft)– ...

Enterprise Model

© SUPER 19.04.23 26I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Process Lifecycle

• enterprise model evolves lifecycle• based on general Deming cycle for continuous process

improvements• sometimes also named Shewhart cycle

1. Plan

2. Do

3. Check

4. Act

© SUPER 19.04.23 27I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Summary

• BPM definition depends on your focus• Enterprise Model describes all relevant aspects of your enterprise• different stakeholders will have different views and information

needs• lifecycle for the different parts of the Enterprise Model• BPM is done for many different purposes, but SUPER focus on:

– business process design

– business process execution

– monitoring and analysis of execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 28I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

Business Process ManagementProcesses and Process Execution

Alexander Simov

© SUPER 19.04.23 30I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BPM Applications

Business Experts’ Perspective: Processes

IT Implementation Perspective

Process Implementation

Querying the Process Space Manual Labor

© SUPER 19.04.23 31I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

What is BPEL?

• BPM language/model

• Language to specify behaviour of business processes

• Executable and Abstract processes– Executable processes

– Executed within a compliant environment (portability)– Abstract processes

– Specify constraints of message exchange– Provide “views” on internal processes

• Combination of graph-based language (IBM WSFL) and calculus-based language (Microsoft XLANG)

© SUPER 19.04.23 32I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BPEL Web Service composition

• BPEL process composes (uses) Web services

© SUPER 19.04.23 33I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Business Processes as Web services

• BPEL Process is also a Web service– functionality in terms of WSDL port types and operations

© SUPER 19.04.23 34I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

* Receive may cause an Instantiation of a Process

BPEL Document

BPEL Engine

Process Definition

Execution via the Navigator

Process Instance

...Deployment

Instantiation

Process Lifecycle within the Engine

Invo

catio

n an

d M

ana

ge-

men

t F

ram

ewor

k

Receive*

Reply

© SUPER 19.04.23 35I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

Semantic Web Services

Dumitru Roman

© SUPER 19.04.23 37I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

WWWURI, HTML, HTTP

Semantic WebRDF, RDF(S), OWL

Dynamic Web ServicesUDDI, WSDL, SOAP

Static

Semantic WebServices

Semantics for the WWW

© SUPER 19.04.23 38I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

• next generation of the Internet (augmentation of the WWW)

• information has machine-processable and machine-understandable semantics

• ontologies as base technology for semantic interoperability

RDF OWL XML DBWebAppl.

ontology ontology ontology

semantic bridges

The Semantic Web

© SUPER 19.04.23 39I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Ontology Definition

formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization

commonly accepted understanding

conceptual model of a domain

(ontological theory)

unambiguous terminology definitions

machine-readability with computational

semantics

© SUPER 19.04.23 40I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Concept conceptual entity of the domain

Property attribute describing a concept

Relation relationship between concepts or properties

Axiom coherency description between Concepts / Properties / Relations via logical expressions

Instance individual in the domain

Person

Student Professor

Lecture

isA – hierarchy (taxonomy)

name email

studentID

researchfield

topiclecture

no.

attends holds

holds(Professor, Lecture) =>Lecture.topic = Professor.researchField

Ann memberOf student name = Ann Lee studentID = 12345

Ontology Example

© SUPER 19.04.23 43I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Web Services & SOA

• Web Service = program accessible over the Web

• Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA): – use Web services as basic building blocks – dynamically find & invoke those Web services

that allow to solve a particular request

• Web Service Technologies: 1. WSDL Web Service Description Language

2. SOAP XML data exchange protocol for the Web

3. UDDI registry for Web Services

© SUPER 19.04.23 44I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

The Web Service Usage Process

Repository

ConsumerWeb

Service

WSDL

SOAP

find usable Web Service

WS usage via message exchange

points to

describes

© SUPER 19.04.23 45I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

• current technologies allow usage of Web Services• but:

– only syntactical information descriptions – syntactic support for discovery, composition and execution=> Web Service usability, usage, and integration needs to be inspected

manually – no semantically marked up content / services– no support for the Semantic Web

=> initial Web Service Technology Stack failed to realize the SOA Vision

Deficiencies of WS Technology

© SUPER 19.04.23 46I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Semantic Web Services

• automate Web Service technologies by 1. rich, formal annotation of Web Services

2. automated detection and execution of Web services

• integration with the Semantic Web – ontologies as data model – Web Services as integral part of the WWW

• inference-based techniques for automated discovery, composition, mediation, execution of Web Services

© SUPER 19.04.23 47I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Web ServiceImplementation(not of interest in Web Service Description)

Interface

Functionality

WS

WS

Non-functional

WS

Aggregation

Web ServiceImplementation(not of interest in Web Service Description)

Ontology Ontology

XML

Ontology

Interface

a) Web Service Description Structure b) Semantic Web Service Description Structure

Semantic Web Services

© SUPER 19.04.23 48I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

• Comprehensive Framework for SESA Semantically Enabled Service-Oriented Architecture

– top level notions = SESA core elements– conceptual model + axiomatization – ontology & rule language

• International Consortium (mostly European) – started in 2004 – 78 members from 20 organizations – W3C member submission in April 2005

www.wsmo.org

Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO)

© SUPER 19.04.23 49I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

WSMO Framework & Working Groups

Conceptual Model & Axiomatization for SWS

Formal Language for WSMO

Ontology & Rule Language for the Semantic Web

Execution Environment for WSMO

www.wsmo.org

© SUPER 19.04.23 50I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Objectives that a client may havewhen consulting a Web Service

Provide the formallyspecified terminologyof the information usedby all other components

Semantic description of WebServices: - Capability (functional)- Interfaces (usage)

Connectors between components withmediation facilities for handling heterogeneities

WSMO Top-level Elements

(http://www.wsmo.org)

© SUPER 19.04.23 51I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

• Ontologies are the ‘data model’ throughout WSMO – all WSMO element descriptions rely on ontologies – all data interchanged in Web Service usage are ontologies – Semantic information processing & ontology reasoning

• WSMO Ontology Language WSML– conceptual syntax for describing WSMO elements – logical language for axiomatic expressions (WSML Layering)

• WSMO Ontology Design – Modularization: import / re-using ontologies, modular approach

for ontology design – De-Coupling: heterogeneity handled by OO Mediators

WSMO Ontologies

© SUPER 19.04.23 52I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

• Non functional properties author, date, ID, etc.

• Imported Ontologies importing existing ontologies where no heterogeneities arise

• Used mediators OO Mediators (ontology import with terminology mismatch handling)

Ontology Elements:Concepts set of entities that exists in the world / domain

Attributes set of attributes that belong to a concept

Relations define interrelations between several concepts

Functions special type of relation (unary range = return value)

Instances set of instances that belong to the represented ontology

Axioms axiomatic expressions in ontology (logical statement)

Ontology Specification

© SUPER 19.04.23 53I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

The Web Service Modelling Language (WSML)

• Ontology / Rule Languages– WSML Core: efficiency and compatibility

– WSML DL: decidability, open world semantics

– WSML Rule: efficient existing rule engines

– WSML Full: unifying language, theorem proving

• Languages for dynamics – Transaction Logic over ASMs

• Mapping languages– for dynamics (process mediation)

– for data (data mediation)

URIUnicode

XML

RDF (S)

WSML Core

WSML DLWSML Rule

WSML Full

Static Aspects

Dynamic Aspects

WSML

© SUPER 19.04.23 54I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

WSMO/WSML – Some Modelling Examples

■ Concept exampleconcept phoneNumber nonFunctionalProperties dc#description hasValue "concept of a

phone number" endNonFunctionalProperties countryCode ofType _string areaCode ofType _string number ofType _string

• Relation example relation hasRoute(ofType routeDescription, ofType route) nonFunctionalProperties dc#description hasValue "Relation that holds between

a route description and a route" endNonFunctionalProperties

■ Axiom example axiom ValidInformationQuality definedBy forall {?x} ( ?x memberOf informationQualityType

implies ?x[value hasValue “low“] or

?x[value hasValue “high“]).

■ Instance exampleinstance myPhoneNumber memberOf phoneNumber countryCode hasValue “43“ areaCode hasValue “664“ number hasValue “49322607“

■ Sub-concept exampleconcept mobilePhoneNumber

subConceptOf phoneNumber nonFunctionalProperties dc#description hasValue "concept of a

mobile phone number" endNonFunctionalProperties mobileProvider ofType Provider

© SUPER 19.04.23 55I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Web ServiceImplementation(not of interest in Web Service Description)

Capability

functional description

WS

WS

- Advertising of Web Service- Support for WS Discovery

client-service interaction interface for consuming WS - external visible behavior- communication structure - ‘grounding’

realization of functionality by aggregation- functional decomposition - WS composition

Non-functional Properties

DC + QoS + Version + financial

- complete item description- quality aspects - Web Service Management

WS

Orchestration

WSMO Web Service Description

Interface

© SUPER 19.04.23 56I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Web Service Description - Example

webService _"https://asg-platform.org/AttractionBooking/MobtelPhoneLocationService"nfp

dc#title hasValue "MobtelPhoneLocationService"dc#publisher hasValue "Mobtel“dO#informQualityType hasValue "high"

endnfpimportsOntology _"https://asg-platform.org/AttractionBooking/domainOntology.wsml"capability MobtelPhoneLocationServiceCapability

sharedVariables {?P}precondition

definedBy ?P memberOf dO#phoneNumber.

postconditiondefinedBy

?L memberOf dO#location and dO#hasLocation(?P,?L).

interface MobtelPhoneLocationServiceInterfacechoreography MobtelPhoneLocationServiceChoreography

stateSignature in

dO#phoneNumber withGrounding ssWSDL#wsdl.interfaceMessageReference(MobtelPhoneLocationServicePortType/doIt/In)

out dO#location withGrounding

ssWSDL#wsdl.interfaceMessageReference(MobtelPhoneLocationServicePortType/doIt/Out) transitionRules

forAll{?P} with (?P memberOf dO#phoneNumber) do add(?L memberOf dO#location and dO#hasLocation(?P,?L)) endForall

© SUPER 19.04.23 57I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

WSMO Goals – Purpose

client-system interaction

discovery, composition, mediation

Client objective / problem to be solved

Goalsformal objective description

Semantics / SWS

Ontology SWS description

Mediator

Web Services & Resources

WS Internet

execution

End

Start

Web Service

GoalGoalWeb

Service

Web Service

End

Abstraction Layer for Problem-oriented WS usage Dynamic WS usage

© SUPER 19.04.23 58I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Goal Templates and Goal Instances

Client

Goal Templategeneric objective description

Goal Instanceconcrete input

instantiates

defines

(Web) ServiceImplementation

(not of interest here)

functional

beh

avioral

service detection

Client-Side Service-Side

Domain Knowledge Ontology OntologyOntology Ontology

service usage

© SUPER 19.04.23 59I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Automated Web Service Usage

Client

Goal

buy train ticket in Germany- origion: o, destination: d- date-time: dt

client interface

goal instance with inputs: o = Munich, d = Berlindt = 20070319-1030

defines

instantiates

design time

runtime

executes

DB Ticketing

Mediator

© SUPER 19.04.23 60I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SWS Techniques

• Discoveryfind candidate WS to solve a Goal

• Selection & Ranking select best candidate / determine a priority list

• Compositioncombine several WS to solve a Goal

• Behavioral Compatibilityensure that interaction can take place

• Mediationresolve & handle possibly occurring heterogeneities

• Executionautomatically invoke & consume WS to solve a Goal

© SUPER 19.04.23 61I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Automated Goal Solving with SWS

GOAL

Discoverer

BehavioralConformance

Data Mediator

ProcessMediator

Executor

if: usableif: composition possible

uses

matchmaking R with all WS

composition (executable)

uses

submission

if: compatible

if: successful

if: executionerror

information lookup for particular service

else: not solvable

Service Repository

uses

Selection &Ranking

Composer

else: try other WS

© SUPER 19.04.23 62I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

WSMO Reference Implementation

WSMX - The Web Service Execution Environment• A Service Oriented Architecture• Reference implementation of SESA and WSMO• open source (LGPL): http://sourceforge.net/projects/wsmx/

© SUPER 19.04.23 63I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

WSMX Design & Properties

• Middleware for Semantic Web Services– Allow service providers focus on their business

• Environment for goal-based Web service usage– Run-time binding of service requester and provider

• Flexible Service Oriented Architecture– Add, update, remove components at run-time as needed

• Open-source to encourage participation– Developers are free to use in their own code

• Formal execution semantics– Unambiguous model of system behaviour

© SUPER 19.04.23 64I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Other WSMO Toolswww.wsmo.org/tools

• WSML (Specification Language) www.wsmo.org/wsml – conceptual language for WSMO

– ontology language with several variants

• WSMO Editors: – WSML editors + validation

– WSMO Studio

– WSMO Visualizer

• Ontology Technology: – WSML Reasoner (for DL and LP)

– Ontology Management Suite

– Data Mediator (incl. Abstract Mapping Language)

all: Eclipse plugins & open source (LGPL licence)

© SUPER 19.04.23 65I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

Integration - SUPER Approach

Alexander Simov

© SUPER 19.04.23 67I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

The Critical IT / Process Divide

© SUPER 19.04.23 68I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SUPER Main Approach

© SUPER 19/04/23 I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Semantic BPM Lifecycle

■ Modelling – add semantic (ontological) annotations to business processes

■ Configuration – map from the business model to an executable process

specification

■ Execution – process execution with discovery & composition of SWS

■ Analysis – monitor, analyse & improve processes

© SUPER 19.04.23 70I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

· Solution maps· Mind maps· Ad-hoc modelling

techniques· ...

· Making sense of a domain\problem· Communication tool· What is it all about?

· Visualizing\specifying business process· Focus: Business Problem· Who does what, when, how and why?· Usually multiple layers

· Business Scenario Maps· Event-driven process

chains· Flowchart techniques· BPMN· ...

PlaneticketServicePlaneticketPlaneticketService

Alternativeflightoffer

ServiceAlternative

flightoffer

Alternativeflightoffer

ServiceBookingrequestServiceBookingrequestBookingrequestService

BookingformService

Bookingform

BookingformService

Receiptbookingrequest

Receiptbookingrequest

Checkbookingrequest

Checkbookingrequest

Bookingrequestchecked

Bookingrequestchecked

Callcenter

Callcenter

Flightdisposition

Flightdisposition

Flightdisposition

Flightdisposition

Offeralternative

flight

Offeralternative

flight

Createflight

booking

Createflight

booking

Flightbookingcreated

Flightbookingcreated

Alternativeflight

offered

Alternativeflight

offered

Flight dataFlight data

Client dataClient data

Mrs. MillerMrs. Miller

Mrs. WalkerMrs. Walker Mr. GreenMr. Green

<process name="Mediation Example - Ordering BPEL Snippet - 1" suppressJoinFailure="yes" targetNamespace="..."><sequence>

<receive name="Initial_Receive" createInstance="true"/><invoke name="Invoke_Check_Order_Consistency"/><switch>

<case condition="bpws:getVariableData('consistency', '') = 'OK'"><flow>

<invoke name="Invoke_Update_Provisioning_Systems_Subprocess"/><invoke name="Invoke_CustomerReply_Confirmation_Note"/>

</flow></case><otherwise>

<invoke name="Invoke_CustomerReply_Rejection_Note"/></otherwise>

</switch><reply name="Final_Reply"/>

</sequence></process>

· Process execution specification· Formal, clearly specified grammar· Focus: Implementation· Which component is called when, how, by

whom with which data?

· BPEL· ...

· Web service encapsulation· Focus: Implementation· Which components can and should be

exposed how as services?

· WS*· ...

· Implementation of components · Programming languages· ...

Modelling Stack

© SUPER 19.04.23 71I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SBP ModellingText

Text

Semantic Business Process

Modelling

© SUPER 19.04.23 72I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SBP ConfigurationText Text

Text

Semantic Business Process

Configuration

© SUPER 19.04.23 73I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SBP ExecutionText Text

Text

Semantic Business Process

Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 74I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SBP Analysis Text Text

Text

Semantic Business Process

Analysis

© SUPER 19.04.23 75I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008 75

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

Integration - SUPER Approach

SUPER Ontology Stack

Agata Filipowska

© SUPER 19.04.23 77I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Current Ontology Stack

© SUPER 19.04.23 78I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Current Ontology Stack

© SUPER 19.04.23 79I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

UPO

© SUPER 19.04.23 80I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Current Ontology Stack

© SUPER 19.04.23 81I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BPMO

© SUPER 19.04.23 82I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Current Ontology Stack

© SUPER 19.04.23 83I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

sBPEL

© SUPER 19.04.23 84I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Current Ontology Stack

© SUPER 19.04.23 85I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Scenario Ontology Business Function Ontology

RBE OntologyI am interested in

an as-is analysis of the supply chain

management

sRBE Analysis Process

Business Question Repository

© SUPER 19.04.23 86I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Ontology Stack

© SUPER 19.04.23 87I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Organisational Cloud

E.g. YATOSP Framework

D.1.2 and D.1.6 Organisational Ontologies

© SUPER 19.04.23 88I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Organisational Cloud

© SUPER 19.04.23 89I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Organisational Structure Ontology

© SUPER 19.04.23 90I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Business Roles Ontology

© SUPER 19.04.23 91I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Organisational Units Ontology

© SUPER 19.04.23 92I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Business Resources Ontology

© SUPER 19.04.23 93I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Business Policies and Rules Ontology – work in progress

© SUPER 19.04.23 94I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BFO Purpose

• Business Functions Ontology (BFO)– Provides domain-independent vocabulary.– Introduces a robust taxonomy of organization-related functions.

• BFO aims at the precise categorization of functions and activities taking place in an organization in order to enable and facilitate the enterprise description on the process level.

• A Business Function is any functional area of / or related to an enterprise e.g. Human Resources, Sales Management, etc.

• An Activity is unit of work identified with given business process e.g. Block Sales Order, Change Sales Order, etc.

© SUPER 19.04.23 95I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BFO Facts & numbers

• BFO is conceptually based on the SAP Business Maps Ontology:– More than 23000 instances.

– 2807 names for functions and activities were filtered out, in the second step 1578 were chosen.

– More than 580 candidates were found irrelevant or in close synonymy to concepts already included.

• The final version of BFO consists of 32 axioms and 960 concepts divided into 14 functional areas and their peer activity sub-structures:

■ The maximum depth of the taxonomical hierarchy is 5.

© SUPER 19.04.23 96I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BFO Structure

• BFO consists of 2 parallel structures:– Function structure - reflects main functional areas of the company.– ActivityOrStep structure – reflects activities, steps or sub-phases that are conducted within the functions.

• ActivityOrStep is connected with proper Function via isSubPhaseOf attribute.

© SUPER 19.04.23 97I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Business Function Ontology

© SUPER 19.04.23 98I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Business Strategy Ontology

© SUPER 19.04.23 99I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Business Goals Ontology

• Business Goals Ontology provides a standard set of properties and relations used in modelling a hierarchy of organisational business goals and enables formal verification of goal specifications

• Business goal - state of the enterprise that an action, or a given set of actions, is intended to achieve

© SUPER 19.04.23 100I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008 100

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

Integration - SUPER ApproachSUPER Architecture

Alexander Simov

© SUPER 19.04.23 102I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBPComposition

SemanticExecution

Environment

ModellingTool

Monitoring & Management

ToolAnalysis Tool

SUPER Execution SUPER Tooling

SBP ProcessMediation

SBP Discovery Data Mediation

SBP Reasoner Transformation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Deployment

Event Sink

Protocol Binder

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Semantic Service Bus

Architecture: Structural Overview

© SUPER 19.04.23 103I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBPComposition

SemanticExecution

Environment

SUPER Execution

SBP ProcessMediation

SBP Discovery Data Mediation

SBP Reasoner Transformation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Deployment

Event Sink

Protocol Binder

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Semantic Service Bus

ModellingTool

Monitoring & Management

ToolAnalysis Tool

SUPER Tooling

Architecture: Tools

© SUPER 19.04.23 104I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SBPComposition

ModellingTool

Monitoring & Management

ToolAnalysis Tool

SUPER Tooling

SBP ProcessMediation

SBP Discovery Data Mediation

SBP Reasoner Transformation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Deployment

Event Sink

Protocol Binder

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Semantic Service Bus

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SemanticExecution

Environment

SUPER Execution

Architecture: Execution Environment

© SUPER 19.04.23 105I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SemanticExecution

Environment

ModellingTool

Monitoring & Management

ToolAnalysis Tool

SUPER Execution SUPER Tooling

SUPER Repositories

Deployment

Event Sink

Protocol Binder

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Semantic Service Bus

SBPComposition

SBP ProcessMediation

SBP Discovery Data Mediation

SBP Reasoner Transformation

SUPER Platform Services

Architecture: Platform Services

© SUPER 19.04.23 106I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBPComposition

SemanticExecution

Environment

ModellingTool

Monitoring & Management

ToolAnalysis Tool

SUPER Execution SUPER Tooling

SBP ProcessMediation

SBP Discovery Data Mediation

SBP Reasoner Transformation

SUPER Platform Services

Deployment

Event Sink

Protocol Binder

Semantic Service Bus

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Architecture: Repositories

© SUPER 19.04.23 107I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBPComposition

SemanticExecution

Environment

ModellingTool

Monitoring & Management

ToolAnalysis Tool

SUPER Execution SUPER Tooling

SBP ProcessMediation

SBP Discovery Data Mediation

SBP Reasoner Transformation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Deployment

Event Sink

Protocol Binder

Semantic Service Bus

Architecture: Semantic Service Bus

© SUPER 19.04.23 108I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

BPEL4SWS

WSDL

Deploymentdescriptor

WSMO Mediators

WSMOGoals

WSMO WSDL

Semantic ProcessArtefacts Bundle

(SPAB)

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Deployment

© SUPER 19.04.23 109I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SemanticExecution

Environment

ModellingTool

SUPER Execution

SUPER Repositories

Deployment

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Semantic Service Bus

BPEL4SWS WSDLDeploymentDescriptor

WSMOMediators

S P A B

WSMOGoals

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Deployment

WSMOWSDL

© SUPER 19.04.23 110I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Data Mediation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Execution

SemanticExecution

Environment

1 Execute Task

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBP Reasoner

Protocol Binder

Web Service

Event Sink

SUPER Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 111I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Data Mediation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Execution

SemanticExecution

Environment

1 Execute Task

2

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBP Reasoner

Protocol Binder

Discover and Select Service

Web Service

Event Sink

SUPER Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 112I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Data Mediation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

SemanticExecution

Environment

1 Execute Task

2

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBP Reasoner

3 MediateData

Protocol Binder

Discover and Select Service

Web Service

Event Sink

SUPER Execution

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 113I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Data Mediation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

SemanticExecution

Environment

4 Invoke Service

1 Execute Task

2

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBP Reasoner

3 MediateData

Protocol Binder

Discover and Select Service

Web Service

Event Sink

SUPER Execution

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 114I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Data Mediation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

SemanticExecution

Environment

4 Invoke Service

1 Execute Task

2

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBP Reasoner

3/5 MediateData

Protocol Binder

Discover and Select Service

Web Service

Event Sink

SUPER Execution

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 115I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Data Mediation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

SemanticExecution

Environment

4 Invoke Service

1 Execute Task

2

6

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBP Reasoner

3/5 MediateData

Return Result

Protocol Binder

Discover and Select Service

Web Service

Event Sink

SUPER Execution

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 116I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Data Mediation

SUPER Platform Services

SUPER Repositories

Business Process Library

Semantic WebServices

Repository

ExecutionHistory

SemanticExecution

Environment

4 Invoke Service

1 Execute Task

2

6

SemanticBPEL

ExecutionEngine

SBP Reasoner

3/5 MediateData

Return Result

Protocol Binder

Discover and Select Service

Web Service

Event Sink

SUPER Execution

Generate Events

Architecture Behavioural Perspective: SBP Execution

© SUPER 19.04.23 117I-CENTRIC, Malta 2008

Agenda

1. Introduction: The Need of Semantics in BPM

2. Business Process Management ■ Introduction■ Process Execution with BPEL

3. Semantic Web Services■ Introduction■ SWS Technologies

4. Integration: The SUPER Approach■ SUPER Ontology Stack■ SUPER Architecture

5. SUPER Demonstration

SUPER Demonstration

Alexander Simov

More information

• http://www.ip-super.org• Contact person:

– Agata Filipowska– [email protected]