ASIAN MARKETS China, Korea, Singapore, Japan David Craig – GM Asia.
Security Environment U.S. Japan China South Asia.
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Transcript of Security Environment U.S. Japan China South Asia.
U.S. in Asia-Pacific
• Begins with the annexation of Hawaii and the Philippines in 1898
• Strategic importance of Asia-Pacific has been rising to the U.S.
• Pacific War (1941-1945)
• Korean War (1950-1953)
• Vietnam War (1959-1975)
U.S. National Interest
• U.S. national interest in Asia
• Regional peace & stability– presence of 100,000 military personnel
• Expansion of democracy
• Market economy
• Individual rights
• Counter-terrorism
Japan
• One of the most important components of U.S. security policy in Asia-Pacific region
• U.S.-Japan alliance survived 4 decades thanks to the Cold War
• United States-Japan Security Treaty of 1951– did not oblige U.S. to protect Japan– revised in 1960 to add ``prior consultation”
U.S.-Japan
• Guidelines for U.S.-Japan Defense Cooperation in 1978– maintain a credible U.S. defense commitment
to Japan– ``the framework `to fight’ the new Cold War”
• Guidelines for U.S.-Japan Defense Cooperation in 1997
Obstacles
• Obstacles to Japan’s use of military forces overseas:
• domestic political opposition
• Asian neighbor’s wartime memories
• economic recession
• aging population
China’s Reemergence
• Largest population
• Largest army
• Second largest economy
• Open to foreign trade– trade volume $3.9 trillion in 2012
• Foreign direct investment– Stock of inward FDI $1.3 trillion (No. 2)– Stock of outward FDI $0.5 trillion (No. 13)
Taiwan
• Relationship between Taipei and Beijing– 1950s through 1970s:
• continuation of the GMD-CCP civil war (1927 - )• Beijing: ``to liberate Taiwan”• Taipei: ``to gloriously retake the mainland”
– 1980s:• Beijing: attracting investments from Taiwan• Taipei: allowing investment on mainland
U.S. Strategic Ambiguity
• 3 Joint Communiqués between PRC and US in 1972, 1979, and 1982
• Taiwan Relations Act of 1979
• Strategic Ambiguity:– ambiguous commitment to Taiwan’s defense– ambiguous policy on arms sale to Taiwan– ambiguity on the definition of ``One China”