Second Wave Immigration
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Transcript of Second Wave Immigration
Second Wave Immigration
MAST HSUS HIS – Period 4Ms. Richardson
Background• Industrial growth led to a demand for cheap
immigrant labor.
• The US followed a policy of open immigration to ensure that there would be workers for the factories.
The First Wave of Immigrants
1820-1860
–Came from western and northern Europe and Ireland (Germany, Britain, )
–Protestant, assimilated, similar culture,
Second Wave of Immigration 1860-1920 “New Immigrants”
• Came from Ireland, China, southern & eastern Europe (Italy,
• “New Immigrants”– Culturally different from most earlier immigrants
(Orthodox, Jewish, Roman Catholic)
– Lived in urban areas and most held low paying jobs
Rise of Cities
• Between 1830-1860 urban population of the US grew by 552% from 1.1 mil to 6.2 million
• Cities grow because of: ImmigrationRural to urban migration
Why did immigrants come to America?
Push FactorsFactors that pushed immigrants out of their
native lands to America:
• Poverty• Lack of economic opportunity• No freedom• No jobs• Religious persecution• Famine/ starvation/drought
Why did immigrants come to America? Pull Factors
Factors that pulled immigrants out of their native lands to America:
• Jobs• Land• A future of land ownership• Peace and stability• Freedom to make a better life
How did/do people react to immigrants coming to America?
• When the Irish came in the 1840’s the established groups of British and Germans did not like the new Irish.
• Irish were different: • Language- Irish• Roman Catholic• Culturally different
They were looked down upon and discriminated against.
-- Were poor and slums developed in cities; people blamed the Irish for crime, disease, prostitution, alcohol abuse, etc.
How did/do people react to immigrants coming to America?
• Xenophobia- a fear of immigrants (anti-foreigner attitudes)
• Nativism- The belief that native-born Americans are superior to newcomers
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
Prohibits Chinese immigration (in one year, Chinese immigration drops from 40,000 to 23).