Sculpture and Site Specific Art

Understanding 3 Dimensions

Space

This element is what separates 2D from 3D art Space actually exists in 3D works

3D space possesses height, width, and depth Other topics that accompany space

Volume & Mass Form vs Shape Negative space

Volume & Mass Volume

Volume is the space taken up by a solid You can say a work has volume if it is 3D

Mass Is a solid that occupies a three-dimensional

volume It must be measured in terms of height, width, and

depth The difference between shape and mass is the

difference between a square and a cube

Form & Shape Form

Is a mass Cube

Shape Is 2D… flat Square

Negative Space

Empty space that acquires a sense of volume and form by means of the outline or frame that surrounds them

Sculpture

3D art Two large categories

Subtractive Take away from the material

Wood, stone, clay, etc…

Additive Add more and more material

Clay, plaster, wax, etc…

Materials There are traditional materials such as clay, metal,

stone, wood, etc… However, anything can be a sculptural material…

even people

Sculpture Techniques Carving

Start with a block of material and cut portions away to create final work

Wood, clay, stone, wax, etc…

Sculpture Techniques Modeling

Shaping material into a 3D form

Can be done by hand or by tools

Clay, wax, etc…

Sculpture Techniques Casting

Liquid material poured into a mold

Mold making Metal, wax, resin,

plastics, plaster, clay, etc…

A Process: Lost Wax

Clay Positive

Rubber Mold

Plaster Mother Mold

Taking the positive out

Ready for Casting

Pouring Microcrystalline Wax

Pouring out excess wax

Releasing Wax Positive

Cutting into castable sections

Attaching pour cup and gating

Ceramic Shell Slurry

Second Step in Ceramic Shell

Burn Out

Skimming the bronze

Pouring

Cooling

Reassembled and Patina

Finished Bronze

Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture Constructed

Sculpture constructed from materials such as metal, cardboard, wire, etc…

Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture Assemblage

Typically found objects or other preexisting objects assembled together to create a work of sculpture

Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture Readymades

Like a found object assemblage, but no assembly required

Marcel Duchamp

Other Techniques/Types of Sculpture Light

Light as a sculptural medium

Could be found lighting and arranged aesthetically

Could be custom lighting

Ceramics Objects formed out of clay and then hardened

by firing the clay pieces in a kiln

Types of Clays Earthenware

Porous clay fired to low temperatures Stoneware

Impermeable to water b/c fired to high temperatures

Porcelain Smooth-textured clay that becomes virtually

translucent and glossy when fired Fired to highest temperatures

Firing Chart

Reduction & Oxidation http://digitalfire.com/4sight/glossary/r.html

Electric Kiln Oxidation Fired with elements Timers

Manual automatic

Gas Kiln Reduction Oxidation Gas as fuel

Wood Kiln Reduction or Oxidation Ash as glaze Wood as fuel

Pit Firing & Handbuilding http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AhX1Mhv

AG8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zrTO1KYh

Qs&feature=related

Throwing on the Wheel http://www.youtube.com/user/youdanxxx#p/u/

8/0IOEAOeyFLU

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Peter Voulkos

Examples

Tang Dynasty

8th Century China

sancai technique—Three colored glaze

Mingei

“Unkown Craftsman”

Shoji Hamada

1970

Bernard Leach

Byron Temple Salt-glazed box

Notkin, RichardCube Skull Teapot: Tea, Blood and Opium, Yixing Series2002

Karen Karnes

c. 1960

c. 2000

Peter Volkous

1954

1999

Beatrice Wood (1893-1998)Ojai, CAChalice with gold luster, 1985Thrown earthenware

Ron Nagle (b. 1939)Vermilion to One,

2000

Whiteware with enamel glazes

6.75"H x 5.75"W x 4.6"D

Robert Arneson

c. 1970

Rudy Autio

Fanfare

Sergei Isupov, "Shine", teapot, 8 x 10 x 7", 1997.

Tom Bartel

Nursing Figure

Joyce Jablonski

Hearts & Flowers #392000terracotta, slips and glazes8"x3.5"x4"

Joyce Jablonski

Ruth DuckworthNo. 789603, 2003

Bella Artes