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SCIENCEVOL. 101 FRIDAY, MARCH 16, 1945 No. 2620

The Essential Need of Fundamental Research for monal Influence: FERN W. SMITH. Quinine ActionSocial Progress: DR. ALAN GREW .......................... 257 in Bacterial Growth and Disinfection: Da. FRANK

The Status and Problems of Research in the Native H. JOHNSON and Da. ISAAC LEWIN. Corn as anLanguages of South America: DR. J. ALDEN MASON 259 Etiological Factor in the Production of a Nicotinic

Obituary: lAcid Deficiency in the Rat: DR. W. A. KREHL, DR.Oscar Floyd Poindexter: HELEN M. MARTIN. L. J. TEPLY and DR. C. A. ELVEHJEM .............................. 276Deaths and Memorials ................ 264 Scientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods:

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Blancan as a Time Term in the Central GreatPlains: PROFESSOR MAXIM K. ELiAS and OTHERS. SCIENCE: A Weekly Journal, since 1900 the officialSpinach and Bone Formation: DR. ROE E. REM- organ of the American Association for the AdvancementINGTON and DR. CECIL L. SMITH. Phosphorescent of Science. Published by the American Association forTexas Earthworms: DR. CYRUS N. RAY. Compara- the Advancement of Sience every Friday at Lancaster,tive University Strength in Scientists Starred in Pennsylvania."American Men of Science," V-VII: PROFESSOR Editors: JOSEPHINE OWEN CATTELL and JAQUESSTEPHEN S. VISHER. The Society for Freedom in CATTELL.Science: JOHN R. BAKER and OTHERS .............................. 270 Policy Committee: MALCOLM H. SOULE, ROGER ADAMS

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THE ESSENTIAL NEED OF FUNDAMENTALRESEARCH FOR SOCIAL PROGRESS1

By DR. ALAN GREGGTHE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION

IF there be some measure of truth in the observationthat children seek the unknown but adults fear it, thenresearch is a kind of fountain of eternal youth, forresearch, whose purpose is to meet the unknown, pro-vides our minds with the perennial freshness and de-lighted curiosity of youth. In meeting here to-dayto honor the National Research Council we are happyto celebrate an institution that has brought knowledgeto youth and youth to knowledge. We seek to honorthe National Research Council for its work, begun in1916 and still continuing, in the furtherance of re-search work in the United States of America.Yet praise is not what research needs: it needs1 Address delivered on the occasion of the presentation

of the American Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associa-tion award to the National Research Council, December11, 1944 (Hotel Waldorf-Astoria, New York City).

better understanding. Unless the nature and valueof research is more widely and more intelligentlyunderstood it will not flourish in our democracy. Re-search requires discrimination of a high order andtenaciously loyal support. Research does not employmagic: it calls for observation, experiment and rea-soning. It is not hidden: few human activities areso accurately recorded or so freely communicated.It is not mystical: it rests upon experience and clearthinking. It is not the plaything of scholars: it isthe laborious, costly, incessant, painstaking occupa-tion, and preoccupation, of imaginative men andwomen who are humbly but actively dissatisfied witheven the most that is yet known about men and things.

Unless we are prepared in the immediate future toinitiate, pursue and support all kinds of research,