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DOI: 10.5780/jbm2012.13 | Page 1

The Journal of Bioscience and Medicine 2, 2 (2012) | Article

Scavenging Fatigue and Promoting Rehabilita-tion by Wave Energy and Wine Therapy

Zhiguan Huang1, Yuhe Li

1*, Xinghua Luo1, Ceqiong Fu2

1 Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510500 China

2 Jiling medical equipment Co., LTD of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080 China

Corresponding author *: Yuhe Li (13922738963@139.com)

ABSTRACT: Objective: To study the effect of Wave Energy and Wine Therapy (WEWT) on scavenging fatigue and pro-moting rehabilitation. Methods: After warming up on ergometer cycles, 20 healthy male judokas got exhaustion with an incremental maximal bicycling. Those 20 subjects were divided into WEWT and placebo groups followed by a single-blind recovery intervention. Subjects of WEWT group got WEWT (LongXian wine was smeared on Body surface. The wine ab-sorption was accelerated with electric heat and magnetic wave massage ), while placebo group were smeared distilled water instead of Longxian wine. Subjects RPE and reception of recovery were recorded, and blood samples were col-lected at pre-exercise, 5min and 8 hours post-exercise respectively for the measurement of blood lactic acid (BLA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Cortisol, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and - aminobutyric acid (GABA) as well as Creatine kinase (CK) activity. Results: WEWT could increase reception of recovery. The levels of BLA ,BUN,CK, Cortisol,5-HT in serum

ascended significantly (p0.05) while GABA decreased 5min post exercise compared to that at the pre exercise. After intervention, the levels of BLA, BUN, CK, Cortisol,5-HT and GABA of all subjects recovered more or less, but the levels of

BLA, BUN, CK, Cortisol of WEWT group were significantly lower than those of placebo group (p0.05). Conclusion: Wave Energy and Wine Therapy could scavenge exercise induced fatigue and promote rehabilitation during recovery.

KEYWORDS: Wave Energy and Wine Therapy (WEWT); Exercise Induced fatigue; BLA; BUN;CK; Cortisol;5-HT; GABA

Received: 19 April 2012, Accepted: 22 June 2012, Published: 31 August 2012

F atigue can be defined as the reversible decline

in skeletal muscle contractile performance due

to intense muscle activity[1]. Fatigue often oc-

curs in aging, cancer, depression, HIV infection,

multiple sclerosis and Parkinsons disease [2] ,and is a com-

mon phenomenon in sports training or competition as well. It

is well known that the mechanism of physical fatigue may be

related to some theories about exhaustion, clogging, radical,

homeostasis disturbance, protective inhibition and mutation.

How to recover physically and psychologically as fast as pos-

sible, is very important for athletes. There are very few phar-

macological drugs or therapies available for the treatment of

fatigue[3]. Natural products can not only improve athletic abil-

ity, postpone fatigue and accelerate the elimination of fatigue

in human beings, but also lead few side effects[4, 5]. Wave

Energy and Wine Therapy (WEWT) is a new sanatory ther-

apy invented by Zhuang Guoming, which applies the physio-

therapy and the Chinese herbal medicine in promoting health

by accelerating blood flow, improving microcirculation, reduc-

ing blood sugar degrees, dissolving the blood sugar and cho-

lesterol, alleviating pain, eliminating cells toxin, supplying

energy, regulating immunity function, and so on. However, no

study on WEWT for scavenging exercise induced fatigue has

yet been reported. This study was designed to explore the

effects of WEWT on scavenging exercise induced fatigue and

promoting rehabilitation.

Material and Methods

Subjects: 20 healthy male judoka from Guangdong prov-

ince team (age: 21.51.0yr; stature: 172.84.0 cm; mass:

68.84.1kg; and judo training experience:4.00.9yr) partici-

pated in the study. The subjects were divided into WEWT and

placebo groups (10 per group) based on their level of body

mass index. All subjects were informed of the trial process,

diagnosed for good health status . All of them signed written

statement of consent.

Materials and instrumentation: LongXian wine

(LongXian wine Co., Ltd of Guangzhou, China) was sup-

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Zhiguan Huang et al.| Scavenging Fatigue and Promoting Rehabilitation by Wave Energy and Wine Therapy

Article

ported by Jiling medical equipment Co.,Ltd of Guangzhou.

The kits for BLA, CK, BUN, Cortisol, 5-HT, GABA were pur-

chased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute

(Nanjing, China). Main equipments included energy bag and

energy wave converter (Guangzhou JiLing medical equip-

ment Co., Ltd), HR monitor (Polar RS300X, Finland), cycle

ergometers (MONARK 834 E, Switzerland), Plate reader

(TECAN Infinite M200,Switzerland), and 721 spectropho-

tometer.

Experimental procedure: One day before the trial all

participants started maintaining the same diet, with less inten-

sive training and more work-rest program until experiment

was over. During the trial, no subjects were allowed to take

drugs, coffee and cigarettes. Subjects entered the lab be-

tween 8.00 and 10.30 in the morning (60 min after breakfast).

Lab temperature and humidity were maintained at 232C

and 4510% respectively. Subjects got familiar with Borgs

scales, worn HR monitor and seated for 15min with blood

sample taken. Then subjects began to warm up with 20W

load for 5 min on ergometer cycles, followed by an incre-

mental maximal exercise, of which the load started at 50 W

and increased by 30 W every 3 min while the subjects kept

running at 60 rpm until exhausted. Subjects were asked to

complete as much work as possible before getting fatigue,

showing polyhidrosis, experiencing difficulty breathing and

RPE of 19 above, or having HR faster than 90% HRmax. Af-

ter that, subjects took 5 min break to wipe sweat and con-

sume 400 ml water, with blood sample taken. After another 5

min seated rest, subjects were given a single-blind recovery

intervention. For the WEWT group, subjects body surface

were smeared with 15 ml LongXian wine, followed by a 15

min hot steam in energy bag. After subjects got out of the

energy bag, they drank another 300 ml purified water, then

got massage through urinary bladder meridian, ren meridians

and du meridians by electric heat and magnetic wave, which

generated by energy wave converter and the far infrared mo-

lecular laser respectively. Placebo group were smeared with

distilled water instead of Longxian wine. After the intervention

all subjects had same diet and recumbent rest.

Subjective and biochemical parameters measurements:

Subjects rated their perceived exertion (RPE) on a scale of 6

to 20[6] during exercise. After the intervention Borgs10-point

scale was used to measure whole body fatigue and muscle

soreness[7-9]. Blood samples were collected in tubes without

anticoagulant via arm venipuncture at pre exercise, 5min and

8 hours post exercise respectively. The blood samples were

left to clot for 1 hour at room temperature. Serum was pre-

pared using centrifugation at 2000g, 4 for 15 min. Meas-

urements of BLA, CK, BUN, Cortisol, 5-HT, GABA in serum

were carried out following the recommended procedures from

the kits.

Figure 1 Effect of WEWT on whole body fatigue (a)and muscle soreness(b). p0.05 compared with placebo group. PreE: pre exercise; postE:

post exercise.

a

0

2

4

6

8

10

preE 5min postE 8h postE

wh

ole

bo

dy

fati

gue

WEWT placebo b

0

2

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6

8

10

preE 5min postE 8h postE

mu

scle

so

ren

ess

WEWT placebo

a

0

5

10

preE 5min postE 8h postE

BLA

m

mo

l/L

WEWT placebo

b

3

4

5

6

7

preE 5min postE 8h postE

BU

N

mm

ol/

L

WEWT placebo

Figure 2 Effect of WEWT on serum BLA and BUN contents.

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Zhiguan Huang et al.| Scavenging Fatigue and Promoting Rehabilitation by Wave Energy and Wine Therapy

Article

Statistical analysis: SPSS 16.0 software was used to

perform all statistical analysis. Continuous data were ex-

pressed as mean standard deviation. Differences between

groups were determined by analysis of variance and Stu-

dents t-test and statistical significance was defined as p

0.05.

Results

Effect of WEWT on whole body fatigue and muscle

soreness: As shown in Figure 1, all subjects whole body

fatigue (a) and muscle soreness(b) were higher than 9 at

5min post exercise. However, whole body fatigue and lower

muscle soreness of subjects of WEWT group recovered bet-

ter and faster than those of placebo group 8 hours after the

exercise (p0.05).

Effect of WEWT on subjects serum BLA and BUN: As

shown in Figure 2, the contents of serum BLA and BUN in

WEWT and placebo groups increased significantly 5min post

exercise, while no significant difference was observed be-

tween WEWT and placebo group. At 8h post exercise, serum

BLA and BUN contents of WEWT group were lower than

those of placebo group (P0.05).

Effect of WEWT on subjects serum CK and Cortisol:

As shown in Figure 3, the CK activity of WEWT and placebo

groups increased by 50% and 47.6% 5min post exercise

compared to the pre exercise level, while Cortisol level as-

cended by 46.2% and 56.0%. 8 hours post excercise, CK

activity and Cortisol level of WEWT group descended more

than those of placebo group (P0.05), respectively.

Effect of WEWT on Subjects serum 5-HT and GABA:

As shown in Figure 4, 5-HT content of WEWT and placebo

group increased by 57.4% and 58.0% 5min post exercise,

while GABA level declined 14.8% and 12.8% respectively. 8h

post exercise, 5-HT content of WEWT group was lower while

GABA level was higher than those of placebo group respec-

tively with no significant difference (P0.05).

Discussion:

In this study, a general physiotherapy, WEWT, was ap-

plied to scavenging exhaustive fatigue induced by the incre-

mental maximal bicycling and to promoting rehabilitation.

WEWT group used medicated wine(Longxian wine) which

contains effective ingredients( puerarin, big jujube, cordyceps

sinensis, longan, peachseed and rice wine, et al) extracted

from Chinese herbal medicine, and got help with far infrared

energy wave (produced by far infrared molecular lasers) as

well as massage and micro electric field stimulation (operated

Figure 3: Effect of WEWT on serum CK activity and Cortisol content.

Figure 4 Effect of WEWT on serum 5-HT and GABA contents.

a

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

preE 5min postE 8h postE

CK

U/m

l

WEWT placebo

b

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

preE 5min postE 8h postECo

rtis

ol

g

/m

l

WEWT placebo

a

200

300

400

500

600

preE 5min postE 8h postE

5-H

T

g/m

l

WEWT placebo b

5

6

7

8

9

preE 5min postE 8h postE

GA

BA

g/m

l

WEWT placebo

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by the apparatus of dredging meridian and blood) to effec-

tively mediate the Chinese herbal ingredients into human

body. After the WEWT intervention during recovery period,

subjects got better recovery.

During high intensity exercise, muscle produces plenty of

lactic acid (LA) in the process of obtaining enough energy

from anaerobic glycolysis. Gluconeogenesis is one of the

main pathways to remove and convert excess LA into glu-

cose, while the excess glucose will be saved as hepatic gly-

cogen. The clearances of LA and BLA is good for inhibiting

the reduction of pH level in muscle tissue and blood, which

would help lower side effects of various harmful biochemical

and physiological processes. The accumulation of LA in mus-

cle has historically been suggested to be the major cause of

muscle fatigue[10]. Upon the completion of the exercise, the

level of BLA in serum dropped significantly (p0.05) .After

WEWT intervention, the level of BLA for WEWT group was

significantly lower than that of placebo group (p

0.05).WEWT may inhibit the accumulation and accelerate the

clearance of LA, which in turn regulates BLA level for scav-

enging fatigue.

Urea is formed in the liver as the end product of protein

metabolism and BUN was a sensitive index to evaluate the

bearing capability when body suffers from a physical load.

Carbohydrate is rich in big jujube, longan, peachseed and

rice of Longxian wine. During the recovery process, a lot of

carbohydrate may accumulate in the liver as an energy me-

tabolism mass, which may slow down the rate of conversion

of protein into urea and make BUN declined. Usually the

function of CK in cells is to add a phosphate group to

creatine, turning it into the high energy molecule phospho-

creatine, which is burned as a quick source of energy[11].

Most CK normally exists in the muscle. However, the more

CK released to blood from exhaustive muscle, the more likely

that muscle membrane structure is damaged[12]. Corticoster-

oid hormone Cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex and is

known to be involved in stress suppression in the immune

system. Increased serum cortisol levels have been observed

during clinical depression and psychological stress as a result

of stressors such as hypoglycemia, illness, fever , trauma,

surgery , fear , pain, physical exertion or extremes of tem-

perature[13]. It is frequently asserted that massage therapy

(MT) reduces cortisol level, but Moyer CA review showed

that MTs effect on cortisol is generally very small and lower

cortisol cant be the cause of MTs well-established and sta-

tistically larger beneficial effects on anxiety, depression, and

pain[14]. After WEWT intervention, the levels of BUN, CK,

Cortisol in serum were significantly lower than those of pla-

cebo group (p0.05) , suggesting that WEWT could effec-

tively scavenge fatigue and promote rehabilitation. The origi-

nal central fatigue hypothesis emphasized the importance of

5-HT in the fatigue process, it also plays a important role in

various behavioral functions, such as sleep, pain and arousal

[15].GABA is one of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters in

the central nervous system and has been found in several

peripheral tissues. Intake of GABA-containing beverages may

help reduce both psychological and physical fatigue and im-

prove task-solving ability[16], and could work effectively as a

natural relaxant as well as immunity enhancer under stress

conditions[17]. In this study, upon the completion of the exer-

cise, 5-HT in serum ascended while GABA decreased com-

pared to the pre exercise level. After WEWT intervention, 5-

HT content was lower while GABA level higher than those of

placebo group respectively but no significant difference was

observed, which maybe the reason that the exercise did not

induced much central fatigue but mostly physical fatigue. In

fact, the effective ingredients extracted from Chinese herbal

medicine in medical wine have compound effect of anti-

fatigue and scavenge fatigue. Puerarin is extracted from the

traditional Chinese medicine Ge-gen or pueraria lobata,

which is often used to treat influenza, wrist stiffness and

headache, depressurization, heart muscle ischemia, amelio-

rate microcirculation, adjust lipid metabolism and scavenge

free radicals[18]. As a valued traditional Chinese medicine for

the treatment of many diseases and promotion of health, Cor-

dyceps sinensis attracted many research interests in recent

years for the anti-fatigue and antioxidant activity[19]. Kumar

suggested that the effect of cordyceps sinensis on promoting

exercise endurance and anti-fatigue were mediated by up-

regulation of skeletal metabolic regulators AMPK, PGC-1 and

PPAR- as well as activation of NRF-2-ARE pathway limiting

the oxidative stress[20]. Polyphenols from Chinese jujube

could prevent myocardial injury of rats induced by ISO

through remarkably inhibited increases in levels of MDA and

activities of some ATPases, reductions in activities of SOD,

GPx, CK, LDH[21]. So the Chinese herbal ingredients com-

bined with energy wave and massage will work very well for

fatigue scavenging and rehabilitation.

Conclusions:

WEWT has significant effect on scavenging exercise in-

duced fatigue and promoting rehabilitation, while increasing

reception of good recovery, accelerating the clearance of

BLA, decreasing the levels of BUN and Cortisol, and decreas-

ing CK activity, which maybe the pathway for rehabilitation.

Acknowledgements:

This study was financially supported by Science and

T e c h n o l o g y D e p a r t m e n t o f G u a n g d o n g

(No.2009B030803058) and Administration of Traditional Chi-

Zhiguan Huang et al.| Scavenging Fatigue and Promoting Rehabilitation by Wave Energy and Wine Therapy

Article

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DOI: 10.5780/jbm2012.13 | Page 5

nese Medicine of Guangdong (No.2009296) and cooperated

by Jiling Medical Device Co., Ltd of Guangzhou.

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Zhiguan Huang et al.| Scavenging Fatigue and Promoting Rehabilitation by Wave Energy and Wine Therapy

Article