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sbi-ømhv

831

sbi-ømhv

apJ-hpc

“F_mb ]hm-N-I-cnepw hm‹n-I-fnepw h®v G‰hpw tijvT-\mWv sbi-øm-hv. cN\m

kº-Zm-b-Ønse Kmwò-cyhpw Ae-¶mc ]tbm-K-Ønse ]In´pw ]Xn-]m-Z-\-ssi-en-

bnse at\m-lm-cn-Xbpw sshZ-KvZyhpw sIm≠v Xm≥ a‰m-sc-°mfpw AZz-Xo-b-\m-Wv.

“]gb \nba ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ]`p” F∂ \ma-I-cWw Xs∂ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw

XnI®pw A\p-tbm-Py-amWv.” sadn¬ F^v. A¶¿

I. Imt\m-\nse AXpey ÿm\w

InkvXob kwkvIm-csØ t]m¬km-ln-∏n-°p-∂,

Ab¿e‚ns‚ at\m-l-c-amb Xe-ÿm-\- \Kcw kµ¿in-

°p-∂-hsc kwKoX aniW kw_-‘-amb temI-Ønse

BZym-h-X-c-W-ß-fn¬ H∂ns‚ X\-Xmb Hcp kZ v ]e-

t∏mgpw ImWn-°m-dp-≠v. 1742, G]n¬ 13 \v U_vfn-\n-em-

bn-cp∂p lm≥U-ens‚ “aninlm” BZy-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-

®-Xv.(1) lm≥Uens‚ kwKoX aniW ssh`-hsØ

tNmZyw sNøp-hm≥ Imcy-t_m-[-ap-ff Hcp-h\v Ign-bp-am-

bn-cp-∂n-√; ]t£ F√m kwKo-X-an-i-W-ß-fnepw h®v

G‰hpw ]kn-≤-amb Cu kwKoX \mS-I-Øns‚ kmln-

XysØ(2) Ipdn®v F¥p tXm∂p∂p? Ah-sb√mw ssZh

hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw, ]tXy-In®v ]g-b-\n-ba anin-sslI

]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw FSp-Øn-´p-f-f-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu

Km\ \mS-I-Øns‚ kmln-Xy-Øn¬ Gdnb ]¶pw kw`m-

h\ sNbvX B ]hm-N-I≥, Xt‚bpw lm≥U-ens‚bpw

\nß-fp-tSbpw Ft‚bpw anin-lm-bpsS PUm-h-X-c-W-

Øn\v Ggp \q‰m≠v apºv Pohn-®n-cp∂ Hcp F_mb

Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ t]cmWv sbi-øm-hv. ]gb

\nba ]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ kpZo¿Lhpw AXym-I¿j-I-hp-amb

anin-sslI ]h-N\w Fgp-Xn-bXv Xm\m-Wv.

II. KŸ I¿ØrXzw

Btam-kns‚ aI-\mb sbi-øm-hn-\p-≠mb (F-_mb

`mj-bn¬ ˛ Gim-bm-lp, btlmh Fs‚ c£, btlm-

h-bpsS c£) Z¿i\w ]pkvX-I-ambn cq]-h¬°-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv sNbvX-Xv. \ncq]W]-c-amb ]cn-I¬∏-\-ß-fn¬

AXv apdn®p th¿s]-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v at‰-

sXmcp ]pkvX-I-ß-tf-°mfpw Gsd-°psd ]q¿Æ-amb Hcp

apJ-hpc Cu ]pkvX-I-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ \¬tI-

≠-Xp-≠v.

sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ tbmPn∏v

‘D∂X \ncq-]-I¿’ F∂dnb-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cpsS kn≤m-¥-

ßƒ ]e-Xp-≠v. Ah km¶¬∏nI kn≤m-¥-ß-fm-b√

adn®v Gsd-°pdsb bmYm¿∞y-ß-fmbn Xs∂ Hcp \q‰m-

≠n-tet°m at‰m ]Tn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-bm-Wv. bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ ]e aWvU-e-ß-fnepw Ch bmYm¿∞y-ambn IW-

°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]©-K-Ÿ-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-bXv tamsi-b-√,

Zm\n-tb-ens‚ ]pkvXIw Fgp-Xn-bXv Zm\n-tb-e-√, 2 ]-

tXmkv Fgp-Xn-bXv ]tXmkv A√, CSb teJ-\(3)ßƒ

Fgp-Xn-bXv ]utemkv Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bn-√,

IqSmsX sbi-øm-hns‚ t]cn-e-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ ]pkvX-I-

Ønse Adp-]-Øn-bmdv A≤ym-b-ßfn¬ BZy-`mKw

amXta sbi-ømhv Fgp-Xn-bn- p-ffp F∂nh B Iq -Øn¬

s]Sp-∂p.

sbiøm ]pkvXIw hen-sbmcp ]pkvX-I-am-b-Xn-

\mepw anin-sslI ]h-N-\-ß-fm¬ (]-tXy-In®v \ncq-]-

I¿ a‰p-ffhcpsS t]cn¬ KŸ I¿ØrXzw Btcm-]n-

°p∂ mK-ß-fn¬) AXp \nd-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ ]e `mK-ß-fnepw AXv FSp-Øp-≤-

cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mepw km[m-cW hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p

th≠n ]ecpw CjvSs∏Sp∂ Xc-Øn¬ km[m-cW°mcp-

tS-Xmb \ne-bn¬, hna¿i-\m-fl-I-amb Cu tNmZy-ßƒ°p

th≠n ]Xn-hp-t]mse sNbvXp hcp-∂-Xnt\°mfp-]cn

ÿew Nne-h-gn-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-sa∂v Rßƒ°p tXm∂p-

∂p.

Cu ]pkvXIw samØ-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bXv sbi-øm-

hmWv F∂ Ak-∂n-≤hpw kv]jvS-hp-amb hmZ-K-Xn-tbmSp

IqSn-bmWv Rß-fpsS kao-]-\w. AXp-sIm≠v B

tbmPn-∏n\v FXnsc D∂-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p-ff hmZ-ßƒ°v

Hmtcm-∂mbn adp-]Sn \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv.

832

1. NcnX ]mc-º-cy-ß-fpsS sXfnhv

hmkvX-h-Øn¬, 1700 IfpsS Ah-km\w hsc F√m

blq-Z∑mcpw InkvXob aX-]-WvUn-X-∑m-cpw, G‰hpw

henb ]h-N-\-amb sbiøm ]pkvXIw Fgp-Xn-bXv

Btam-kns‚ aI\pw A\p-K-loX Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\p-amb

sbi-øm-hm-sW∂v AwKo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ 1795- ¬ 40- 66 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßƒ Fgp-

Xn-bXv “c≠ma-sXmcp sbi-øm-hm-sW∂v” [“DeuteroJsaiah”] sP.kn. tUmsU¿en≥ A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p. Xo¿®-

bmbpw 1 apX¬ 39 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßfpw 40-˛66

A≤ym-b-ßfpw XΩn¬ Df-f-S-°-Ønepw sIńepw ań-ep-

ap-ff hyXymkw \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn \n]p-W-cmb hmb-\-

°m¿ i≤n-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ hn`n-∂-cm-bn-

cn-°-W-sa∂v AXp-sIm-≠¿∞-an-√. 1892-˛¬ 55 apX¬ 66

hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßƒ°v “aq∂ma-s\mcp sbi-øm-

hns\” [Trito-Jsaiah] k¶¬∏n-®p-sIm≠v 40-˛66 A≤ym-

b-ß-fpsS tbmPn∏v _n.Uqw \ntj-[n-®p. Nne¿ Cu

hnjbw Ipsd-°qSn A`n-hy-⁄n-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬

\hoI-cW hmZn-I-fpsSbnS-bn¬ ct≠m aqt∂m “sbiøm-

hp-am¿” F∂Xv s]mXpsh AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.

ct≠m AXn¬ IqSp-Xtem Fgp-Øp-Im¿ F∂ A`n-

]mbw BZna ]mc-ºcyw Hcn-°¬ t]mepw D∂-bn-®n- n√;

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ sbi-øm- ]pkvXIØns‚ tbmPn∏v BZn-

ahpw GIm-X-\hpw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-SmØ hn[w am‰-an-

√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv.

2. ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse sXfnhv

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p-ff ]gb

\nba ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬, (k-¶o¿Ø-\-ßƒ Ign-™m¬

c≠m-a-tØ-XmWv sbi-øm-hv, AXn¬ F√m-bvt∏mgpw

tbmPn-∏n-t‚-Xmb Hcp [mc-W-bp-≠v. ]h-N-\-Øns‚

c≠mw mK-Øp-\n-∂p-ff D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ sbi-øm-hn-t‚-sX∂

\ne-bn¬ tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-I\pw (a-Øm. 3:3; eqt°m.

3:4; tbml. 1:23); aØm-bnbpw (8:17; 12:8˛21); tbml-

∂m\pw (12:38-˛41); ]utemkpw (tdma 9:27-˛33; 10:16-˛21)

FSp-Øp-]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠vv. tbml. 12: 38-˛41 hsc-bp-ff

`mK-ßƒ Cu Imcy-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ it≤-b-am-

Wv, ImcWw tIhew Hcp ]pkvX-I-sa∂ \ne-bn-e√ adn®v

AXns‚ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ hy‡n-]-c-ambn ]d-bp∂ \ne-

bn-em-WXv kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. “sbiømhv Ahs‚

tXP v I≠v Ahs\ Ipdn®v kwkm-cn-®Xp sIm≠m-

Ip∂p CXp ]d-™Xv” (hm. 41). Cu hmIy-Ønse “CXv”F∂Xv sbi-ømhv 53:1˛se Imcy-ß-fm-Wv. AXp ]pkvX-

I-Øns‚ c≠mw `mK-Øp-\n∂pw (hm. 38) sbi-ømhv

tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ tXP v I≠p (sb-i. 6:10) (hm. 39-

˛40) F∂Xv BZy `mKØp \n∂p-f-f-Xm-Wv.

3. kwhn-[m-\-Ønepw ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn-ep-apff tbmPn∏v

hyXy-kvX-cmb ct≠m AXn-e-[n-Itam Fgp-Øp-Im-

cpsS sIm®p sIm®p Xp≠p-I-fpsS Hcp kam-lmc kn≤m-

¥-Øn\v Ign-bmØ ]c-kv]c _‘-ap-ff Hcp kwhn-[m-

\hpw Ia-]m-e-\hpw sbi-ømhv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ImWp-

∂p-≠v.

4. Imhy [¿Ω-Øns‚ Ie¿∏n-√mØ Kmwòcyw

hnin-jvS-\mb CØ-c-samcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ B.C.500Ifn¬ Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂p D∂-bn-°p-∂Xp hniz-kn-

°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-I-c-am-°p∂ hn[-Øn-ep-f-f-XmWv ]pkvX-

I-Øns‚ c≠mw `mK-Øns‚ it≤-b-amb at\m-lm-cn-

X. ImcWw Xms\√mw ad∂p t]mIp-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-

≠v. IqSmsX Xosc sNdnb ]hm-NI ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS

Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Xß-fpsS t]cn-\m¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-ń-

´p-≠v.

5. Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-Iƒ

sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-fn¬

(B.C. ˛2-˛mw \q‰m-≠v) 40-˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse bmsXmcp

hn[ hn`-P-\-sØ-°p-dn®pw kqN\ \¬In-bn-ń-√.

sbi-øm ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ tbmPn-∏n-s\-Xn-cn-bp-ff hmZ-

ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn.

Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ tbmPn-∏n-s\-Xn-cmbn ][m-\-

ambpw aq∂p hmZ-ß-fm-Wp-f-fXv: Ncn-X-]-c-amb AXns‚

\ne-]mSv: mjm-im-kvX-]-c-amb hmZw: ssZh imkvX-]-

c-amb hmZw.

1. Ncn-X-]-c-amb \ne]mSv

sbi-øm-]-h-N\w c≠p ][m\ mK-ß-fmbn Xncn-°-

s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂ hkvXpX Gsd-°psd F√m-hcpw

AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ hnj-b-amWv (1-˛39, 40-˛66). 36-˛39 A≤ym-

b-ßƒ Hcp Xc-Øn¬ Ncn-X-]-c-amb Hcp CS-th-f-bm-Wv.

1-- 39 A≤ym-b-ßƒ ]gb \nb-asØ ]Xn- -en-∏n-°bpw

40-˛66 A≤ym-b-ßƒ ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn\p kam-\-am-bn-cn-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xp ckm-h-l-amWv; Ah-bpsS FÆ-

Øn¬ t]mepw kam-\-X-bp-≠v. ]gb ]pXnb \nba

]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS FÆ-a-\p-k-cn®v Hmtcm-∂n\pw Hmtcm

A≤ymbw hoX-ap-≠v. A≤ymb hn`-P-\-ßƒ ]tNm-ZnX

hN-\-Øns‚ mK-a-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ AXp Hcp ]t£ bmZr-

—n-I-am-hmw.

1˛39 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ß-fpsS ImgvN-∏mSv Xo¿®-

bmbpw ]hm-k-Øn\p apºp-f-fXpw 40-˛66 A≤ym-b-ß-

fpsS ImgvN-∏mSv ]hm-k-Øn\p tij-ap-f-f-Xp-am-sW∂v

hy‡-am-Wv. mhn-bn-te°v k¶¬∏ ]thiw \SØn mhn-

bnse Hcp \ne-]m-Sn¬ \n∂p sIm≠v Fgp-Xp-hm≥ sbi-

øm-hn\p Ign-™n-´pt≠m? Ign-™n-ń√ F∂mWv \ncq-]-

I-∑m-cn¬ ]e-cp-tSbpw A`n-]m-bw. F∂m¬ Nne-b-h-k-

c-ß-fn¬ bnc-aymhpw Zm\n-tbepw \ΩpsS I¿Ømhp

t]mepw (a-Ø. 13) A]-Imcw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

40- 66 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßƒ B.C. 500- -I-fn¬ Fgp-

X-s∏-´-Xm-sW-¶n¬ ]pkvXIw _m_n-tem\y Nph-bp-f-f-

Xm-Ip-∂-Xn\p ]Icw ]e-kvXo\y Nph-bp-f-f-Xm-b-sX-

ßs\?

2. `mjm-im-kvX-]-c-amb hmZw

sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ c≠mw `mK-Øns‚ `mjm-

ssien H∂matØXn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-am-sW∂v \ncq-

sbi-ømhv

833

bnk-tb-en-tebpw blq-Z-bn-tebpw ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

834

]-I¿ ka¿∞n-°p-∂p. “Fs‚ P\sØ Biz-kn-∏n-∏n≥,

Biz-kn-∏n-∏n≥” (40:1) F∂n-ß-s\-bp-ff Btem-I-\-

Ønse ][m\ ]nf¿∏v F√m-hcpw kqNn-∏n-®n-´p≠v.

F∂m¬ Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ sshZKvZyw sXfn-bn-°p-hm≥

amXta CXn\p Ign-bp-I-bp-f-fq. Df-f-S-°-a-\p-k-cn®v B›-

cy-I-camwhÆw Xß-fpsS `mjm ssien hyXy-kvX-s∏-

Sp-Øp-hm≥ tπt‰m, an¬´¨, tjIvkv]n-b¿ F∂n-h¿°p

t]mepw Ign-™n-´p-≠v. 40-˛66 A≤ym-b-ß-fnse ]apJ

hnj-b-amb anin-lm-bpsS kz¿§o-b-amb Bizmkw Xs∂

B hyXymkw hni-Z-am-°p-hm≥ aXn-bm-b-Xm-Wv.

IqSmsX ]pkvX-I-Ønse c≠p (A-Yhm aq∂p) mK-

ß-fp-tSbpw `mjm-ssien XΩn¬ a‰-t\Iw kam-\-X-I-

fp-≠v. ]e hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ°pw F_mb `mjm

]mWvUnXyw Bh-iy-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ “ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-

ip-≤≥” F∂ Hcp ssZhnI \maw sbi-øm-]p-kvX-I-Øn-

ep-S-\ofw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Xs‚ Hcp mjm-ssi-en-bm-Wv.

3. thZ-im-kvX-]-c-amb hmZw

sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ c≠mw `mKw IqSp-X¬

“]ptcmKa-\-]-c”amsW∂-Xn¬ Ihn™v H∂mw sbi-

ømhpw c≠mw sbi-ømhpw XΩn¬ Hcp sshcp-≤y-hp-ap-

≈Xmbn \ncq-]-I¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. (tI-hew Poh-

im-kvX-Øn-sem-Xp-ßm-sX, F√m hnj-b-Ønepw ]bp-

‡-amb ASn-ÿm-\-an-√mØ F√m ]cn-Wma kn≤m-¥-

ßsf kw_-‘n®pw CXv A\p-tbm-Py-am-Wv. ssZh-

Øns‚ cmP-Xz-Øn\v sbi-ømhv ]m[m\yw I¬∏n-°p-

tºmƒ “c≠mw sbi-ømhv” Ahs‚ A\-¥-Xbv°v

Du∂¬ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. hmkvX-

h-Øn¬ sbi-øm-hns‚ ka-Im-en-I-\mb aoJm-bpsS

]pkvXIØn¬ “c≠mw sbi-øm-sh∂v” Btcm]n-°-s∏-

Sp-∂-hs‚ Bi-b-ßƒ°p kam-\-amb Bi-b-ßƒ AS-

ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p).

aq∂p hmZ-ß-fnepw h®v _e-lo-\-amb hmZ-amWv thZ

imkvX-]-c-amb hmZw, F∂m¬ ssZh-hn-izm-k-Øn\v

FXn-cmbn H∂mw ÿm\Øp \n¬°p∂ kn≤m-¥-ß-tfm-

Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ icn-bmb \ymbw A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

AXm-Wv.

Hcp sbi-ømhv amX-ta-bp-f-fp-sh∂v \mw AwKo-I-cn-

°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ B sbi-øm-hv, tImsciv P\n-°p-∂-Xn\v

\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p-apºv Ahs\ Ipdn®p t]sc-SpØp

]d™p ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. sbi-ømhv 45-˛mw A≤ym-

b-Øn¬ AXp hmbn® tImsc-ins\ B `mKw kzm[o-

\n-®-Xmbn tPmkn-^kv ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.(4)

Iq´n-t®¿Ø-sX∂p km[m-cW ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ thZ-`m-

K-ßƒ an°Xpw ]tXyI ]h-N-\-ß-fm-Wv. Ah-sb√mw

\nhr-Øn-bm-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Chn-

tSbpw Ah-bpsS ]Xn-hn\p ap≥]p-ff Ime \n¿Æbw

\ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xn¬ ssZhnI hnizm-k-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-bp-ff

Hcp kzm[o-\-i‡n kv]jvS-am-Ip-∂p.

F√m-‰n-ep-ap-]cn, ssZhw k¿∆-⁄m-\n-bm-Ip-∂p-sh-

¶n¬ `mhn-kw-_-‘-amb Imcy-ßƒ Xs‚ ]hm-N-I-∑m-

cn-eqsS Xm≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ ]Imcw hni-Z-ambn Xs∂

]h-Nn-°p-hm≥ Ah\v bmsXmcp hnj-a-hp-an-√.

AXp-sIm≠v InkvXob aWvU-e-Øn¬ Cu kn≤m-

¥-ßƒ k¶¬∏n-X-amb Itø-‰-ßƒ \S-Øn-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬

t]mepw ]pcm-X-\hpw GIo-Ir-X-hp-amb kphn-ti-jm-\p-

kmc \ne-]mSv i‡hpw bp‡y-\p-kr-X-hp-am-Wv. 1:1 ¬

]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse Cu ]pkvXIw ]q¿Æ-ambpw Fgp-Xn-

bXv Btam-kns‚ aI-\mb sbi-øm-hm-Wv.

III. Fgp-Xnb Imew

“D obm cmPmhv acn® B≠n-emWv” (6:1; C.740.B.C.) sbi-ømhv Xs‚ ipiqj Bcw-`n-®-Xv. apJy-

ambpw blq-Z-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ h¿j-ß-fmbn

sNbvX Xs‚ ipiqj \mep cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS `cW

Ime-tØmfw \o≠p \n∂p. Gsd-°psdsb \√ cmPm-

°-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂ D n-bm-hv, tbmYmw; ZpjvS\mb Blmkv;

hfsc \√ cmPmhpw ]hm-N-Is‚ D‰ kvt\ln-X-\p-am-

bn-cp∂ lnkvIn-bmhv F∂n-h-cpsS Ime-ØmWv Xm≥

ipiqj sNbvX-Xv. sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ sk≥sl-

cn-_ns‚ acWw (B.C. 681) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v Xo¿®-bmbpw Adp-]Xp h¿jsØ Hcp Zo¿L-

Ime ipiqj sNbvXp-sIm-≠v, Ipd-™-]£w 680 hsc-

sb-¶nepw Xm≥ Pohn-®n-cp-∂n-cn-°m≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. ]mc-

º-cy-a-\p-k-cn®v ZpjvS cmPm-hm-bn-cp∂ a\-s»-bpsS `c-

W-Im-e-ØmWv sbi-ømhv acn-®-Xv.

IV. ]›m-Ø-ehpw hnjhpw

Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ apJy hnjbw sbi-ømhv F∂

t]cns‚ A¿∞-Øn¬ Xs∂-bp-≠v ˛ c£ btlm-h-bn-

¶¬ \n∂m-Ip-∂p. Cu ]h-N\ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Ccp-]-

Øn-bmdp ]mhiyw c£ F∂ ]Zw ImW-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ

a‰p ]hN\ ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ F√mw IqSn BsI Ggp-

]m-hiyw amXta B ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-f-fp. Cu hnj-

bhpw Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ tbmPn∏v hy‡-am-°p∂p:

1˛39 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßƒ a\p-jy-tcm-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬ c£-bpsS henb Bh-iy-IX h¿Æn-°p-tºmƒ

40-˛66 A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ tijvT-amb c£m

Zm\sØ Ipdn®p ]d-bp-∂p.

ZpjvS-X-bv°-\p-kr-X-ambn ssZhw Xßsf in£n-°p-

sa-∂n-cp-∂mepw Imcp-Wy-hm-\mb ssZhw Hcp \mƒ blq-

Z\pw PmXn-Iƒ°pw th≠n Hcp c£-Is\ \¬Ip-sa∂v

sbi-ømhv bnkm-tb-en\p ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬In.

cmjvS-]-c-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ sNdn-Xmb bnkm-tb-

ens\ Ccp-h-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \nc-¥cw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-

s°m-≠n-cp∂ henb i‡n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p apt∂‰ i‡n-

bmbn hS-°p-ff Aiqcpw sX°v £bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂

ank-bn-apw. Ccp-\qdp h¿j-ßƒ°p tijw AXy-¥-i-

‡n-bmbn Xocp∂ _m_n-tem-Wns\ ]pkvX-I-Øns‚

Ah-km\ mKØv ]hm-N-I-\mb sbi-ømhv Bflm-hn¬

Z¿in-°p-∂p.

sbi-ømhv

835

Df-f-S°wI. sbi-øm-hns‚ ImesØ in£-I-fp-tSbpw A\p-K-l-ß-fp-tSbpw ]h-N-\-ßƒ (A. 1˛35)

A. tXP-kv]p-c-W-ßƒ ]Im-in-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w blq-Z-bp-tSbpw sbcp-i-te-an-t‚bpw \ymbhn[n (A. 1˛5)

1. bnkm-tb-en-s\-Xn-cm-bp-ff ssZhnI hyh-lmcw (A. 1)

2. ip≤o-I-c-W-Øn-eq-sS-bp-ff `mhn A\p-K-l-ßƒ (A.2-˛4)

3. ]m] kw_-‘-ambn bnkm-tb-en\p-ff in£ (A. 5)

B. sbiøm-hns‚ hnfn, ip≤o-I-c-Ww, ipiqj `c-ta¬∏n-°¬ (A.6)

C. CΩm-\p-th-ens‚ ]pkvXIw (A. 7˛12)

1. aninlm-bpsS A¤pX P\\w (A.7)

2. anin-lm-bpsS hninjvS tZiw (A. 8˛10)

3. anin-lm-bpsS kl-km_vZ hmgvN (A. 11,12)

D. PmXn-I-fpsS taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A. 13-˛24)

1. _mt_-ens‚ \ymb-hn[n (13: 1˛14:23)

2. Aiq-cns‚ \ymhn[n (14: 24˛27)

3. sên-kvX-bpsS \ymhn[n (14: 28-˛32)

4. tamhm-_ns‚ \ymb-hn[n (A. 15,16)

5. ZtΩ-ti-°ns‚ \ymb-hn[n (A. 17)

6. B^n-°-bnse t]cp-]-d-b-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ tZi-ß-fpsS taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A. 18)

7. ank-bo-ans‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A. 19,20)

8. _mt_-ens‚ \ymb-hn[n (21:1˛10)

9. Zqa (G-tZmw) bpsS \ymb-hn[n (21:11,12)

10. Ad_n tZi-Øns‚ \ymb-hn[n (21:13-17)

11. sbcp-i-te-ans‚ \ymb-hn[n (A. 22)

12. km¿ tZi-Øns‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A. 23)

13. kIe `qhm-kn-I-fp-tSbpw \ymbhn[n (A. 24)

E. KoXßfpsS ]pkvXIw (A. 25-˛27)

1. cmPysØ A\p-K-l-ß-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ bnkm-tb-ens‚ kvXpXn-KoXw (A. 25)

2. bpK-ß-fpsS ]md-bv°p-ff blq-Z-bpsS KoXw (A.26)

3. hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ]m´v (A. 27)

F. bnkm-tb-en-t‚bpw sbcp-i-te-an-t‚bpw ]X-\hpw ho≠p-ap-ff apt∂-‰hpw (A. 28-˛35)

1. F^bow/ bnkmtbens‚ im]w (A. 28)

2. Acn-tb¬/sbcp-i-te-an-\p-ff im]w (A. 29)

3. ank-bn-ap-ambn kJyX sNbvX-h-cpsS im]w (A. 30,31)

4. \oXn-bp-ff cmPm-hns‚ `cWw (A. 32)

5. ]nSn®p ]dn-°m-c-\p-ff/ Aiq-cn-\p-ff im]w (A. 33)

6. F√m PmXn-Iƒ°p-ap-ff im]w (A. 34)

sbi-ømhv

836

7. hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ cmPy-Øns‚ alXzw (A. 35)

II. Ncn-X-]-c-amb ]cn-h¿Ø\w: lnkvIn-bm-hns‚ ]pkvXIw (A. 36- 39)

A. Aiq-cn¬ \n∂p-ff lnkvIn-bm-hns‚ hnSp-X¬ (A. 36, 37)

1. ssZh-Øn\p t\sc-bp-ff Aiq-cns‚ [n°mcw (A.36)

2. ssZhw Aiq-cns\ \in-∏n-°p-∂Xv (A. 37)

B. lnkvIn-bm-hns‚ tcmKhpw hnSp-Xepw (A. 38)

C. lnkvIn-bm-hns‚ ]m]w (A. 39)

III. `mhn-bnse ]hmk kw_-‘-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠p-ff Bizm-k-Øns‚ ]h-N-\-ßƒ (A. 40˛66)

A. bnkm-tb-en\p hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ hnSp-Xep kw_-‘n-®p-ff Bizmkw (A. 40-˛48)

1. ssZhnI £abpw kam-[m-\hpw aqe-ap-ff Bizmkw (40:1˛11)

2. ssZh ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ \n∂p-ff Bizmkw (40:12-˛31)

3. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]cn-ip-≤-\m-b-h-\n¬ \n∂pff Bizmkw (A. 41)

4. btlm-h-bpsS Zmk-\n¬ \n∂p-ff Bizmkw (A.42)

5. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]p\-cp-≤m-cW kw_-‘-amb Bizmkw (A. 43, 44)

6. ssZh-Øns‚ A`n-jn-‡-\mb tImsc-in¬ \n∂p-ap-ff Bizmkw (A. 45)

7. _m_n-tem\y hnK-l-ß-fpsS \miw \nan-Ø-ap-ff Bizmkw (A.46).

8. _mt_-ens‚ A[x-]-X-\-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff Bizmkw (A.47)

9. in£n®p \∂m-°nb bnkm-tb-ens‚ aSßn hc-hn\m-ep-ff Bizmkw (A. 48)

B. anin-lmbpw bnkm-tb-ens‚ Xnc-kv°-c-Whpw (A. 49-˛57)

1. Zmk-\mb aninlm (A. 49)

2. bYm¿∞ injy-\mb aninlm (A. 50)

3. \oXn-bp-ff `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bmb aninlm (51:1˛52:12)

4. ]m]-bm-K-ambn Xo¿∂ aninlm (52:13-˛53:12)

5. hos≠-Sp∏pImc\pw D≤mcI-\p-amb aninlm (A. 54)

6. temssI-I-kp-hn-tij ]kw-K-I-\mb aninlm (55:1˛56:8)

7. ZpjvS-∑msc \ymbw hn[n-°p-∂-h-\mb aninlm (56:9˛57:21)

C. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]m]w, \ymb-hn-[n, A\p-Xm-]w, ]p\-cp-≤m-cWw (A. 58-˛66)

1. bYm¿∞ Bflo-b-XbpsS BÀmZw (A. 58)

2. bnkm-tb-ens‚ AIr-Xy-ßƒ (A. 59)

3. kntbms‚ `mhn alXzw (A. 60)

4. anin-lm-bpsS ipiq-j-Iƒ (A. 61)

5. sbcp-i-te-ans‚ `mhn-Im-esØ BÀmZw (A. 62)

6. ]Xn-Imc Znhkw (63:1˛6)

7. tijn-∏ns‚ ]m¿∞\ (63:7˛64:12)

8. tijn-∏ns‚ ]m¿∞-\-bv°p-ff btlm-h-bpsS adp-]Sn (A. 65)

9. ]q¿Øo-I-cWw: \Zn-t]m-se-bp-ff kam-[m\w (A.66)

sbi-ømhv

837

hymJym\w

I. sbi-øm -hns‚ ImesØ in£-IfptSbpw A\p-K-l-ß-fp-tSbpw ]h-N-\-ßƒ (A. 1˛35)

A.tXP-kv]p-c-W-ßƒ ]Im-in-°p∂tXmsSm∏w

sbcp-i-te-an-t‚bpw blq-Z-bp-tSbpw \ymhn[n

(A.1-˛5)

1. bnkm-tb-en-s\-Xn-cm-bp-ff ssZhnI hyh-lmcw

(A.1)

1:1:˛ sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Ønse H∂mw hmIyw Gsd-

°psd Hcp Xe-s°´p t]mse-bm-Wv; Ncn-X-]-c-amb

AXns‚ A`n-]m-bm-t\z-jWw apJ-hp-c-bn¬ ssIImcyw

sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

1:2,3:˛ \ymbm-[n-]-\m-b ssZhhpw ]Xn-I-fmb sbcp-

i-tew, blqZm F∂n-hcpw XΩn-ep-ff Hcp \ymb hnNm-c-

Øn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp-hm≥ ]]-©sØ apgp-h≥ £Wn-°p-I-

bm-Wn-hn-sS. Hcp hf¿Øp arK-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]Xo-£n-

°m-hp∂ ]Ir-Xym-bp-ff \µnbpw `‡nbpw t]mepw

]ISn∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmsX ssZh-tØmSp a’-cn-°p∂

A\p-k-c-W-bn-√mØ a°fpff P\-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-bmWv

Ip‰]Xw ka¿∏n-°p-∂Xv!

1:4˛6:˛ ]cn-ip-≤s\ \nc-kn®p ]pd-tIm´p amdn-°-f™v

AIr-Xy-Øn¬ apgpIn hj-fm-bn-cn-°p∂ P\w Ip‰-°m-

cm-Wv. icocw apgp-h≥ apdnhpw NXhpw ]gp-Ø hWhpw

sIm≠v \nd-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv, F∂n- p-t]mepw \∂m-Im-

\m-K-ln®p sIm≠p-ff ssZhnI in£-W-ßƒ hnP-bn-

®n-√.

1:7˛9:˛ Ggmw hmIyw sXm´v ]hm-N-I≥, `mhn-sb-Ip-

dn-®v, AXv CXn-t\m-SIw kw`-hn-®-Xm-sW-∂ t]mse

h¿Æn-°p-I-bm-Wv.(5) ASn-a-I-fmb iXp-°ƒ blq-Zbv°v

D∑q-e\miw sNbvXp. kotbm≥ ]pXn-bmb sbcp-itew

A]-cn-jvIr-X-amb Xm¬°m-enI IpSn¬ t]mse timjn®v

Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \n¬°p-∂p. F∂m¬ ssZh-

Øns‚ Icp-W-bm¬ AXy¬∏-am-sbmcp tijn∏v sh®n-

cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ skmtZmw sKmtamd t]mse AXns‚

\miw ]q¿Æ-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.

1:10˛15:˛ ]c-am¿∞-X-bn-√mØ BNm-c-ßfpw A\p-k-

c-W-an-√mØ bmK-ßfpw ZmXm-hn-√mØ Zm\hpw ssZhw

Ah-⁄m-]q¿∆-amWv ho£n-°p-∂-sX∂v sbcp-itew

(skm-tZmw, sKmtam-d) P\hpw A[n-]-Xn-Ifpw a\- n-em-

°-Ww. P\w ]m]-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew

Beb ipiq-j-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS kman-

]yw, Ahs‚ ]mIm-c-ßsf A[n-t£-]n-°p∂ Ae™p

\SØw amX-am-Wv. ]mh-\-amb k`m-tbm-KsØ \oXn-

tI-Sp-ambn Iq´n-Ip-g-bv°p-∂Xv Ah\p shdp-∏m-Ip-∂p. Ah-

cpsS \o´nb pP-ßfpw At\Iw ]m¿∞-\-Ifpw Ah≥

i≤n-°p-I-bn-√.

CtX A]-I-S-Øn¬ C∂v Bbn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°v U-ªnbp. C. ssh≥ \¬Ip∂ ap∂-dn-bn∏p

t\m°pI:

\oXn-tISp ad®p hbv°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff shdp-samcp

ta¬°p-∏mbw (I-]-S-thjw) amX-amWv _mly-amb

ssZh-`-‡n. aØm. 23-˛mw A≤ym-b-Ønse Xs‚ i‡-

amb `’-\-Øn-eqsS I¿Ømhv Ah-sb√mw shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sblqZm aX-Ønse sX‰mb [mc-W-Iƒ

InkvXob aWvU-Øn¬ C∂p h¿≤n®p h∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. ]m]-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ Hcp-h\v ssZh-

`‡n I]-S-ambn ImWn-°m-sa-∂p-f-f-Xp- sIm≠v Hcp

hnizm-kn-bpsS a\- m£n hmSn-I-cn™p t]mIp-hm≥

km[y-X-bp-≠v.(6)

1:16˛17:˛ tZmjw \o°n-°-f™v A\p-Xm-]-Øn-eqsS

Xß-sf-Øs∂ IgpIn shSn-∏m-°n-bn´v \oXnbpw kmaq-

lnI \ymbhpw \S-∏m-°p-I-bmWv Ah¿ sNtø-≠-Xv.

1:18˛20:˛ Cu hn[w Ah¿ Ncn-®m¬, ISpw Nph-∏mb

]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw ip≤o-I-cWw ]m]n®v ssZhw

Ah¿°m-bn-s´m-cp-°n-bn-cn-°p∂ \∑ ]m]n-°p-hm≥

ssZhoI hnNn¥\ ]Imcw Ah¿ Ah¿°p Ign-bpw.

“btlmh-bpsS c£” F∂¿∞-ap-ff t]tcmSp IqSnb

kphn-ti-jm-\p-kmc ]hm-N-Is‚ H∂mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬

Xs∂ Pb-]-Zhpw NnØm-I¿j-I-hp-amb kphn-tij

£Ww D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂p-f-fXv ]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂

Hcp kwK-Xn-bmWv:

“hcphn≥ \ap°p XΩn¬ hmZn°mw F∂p btlmh

Acp-fn-s®-øp-∂p. \nß-fpsS ]m]-ßƒ ISpw-Np-h-∏m-bn-

cp-∂mepw lnaw t]mse shfp°pw; c‡mw-_cw t]mse

Nph-∏m-bn-cp-∂mepw ]™n-t]m-se-bm-bn-Xo-cpw”

hnizm-k-Øm¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´ ssZhoI \ymb

hmZw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw ip≤o-I-c-W-ap-

≠v, B ip≤o-I-cWw a\p-jys‚ tbmKyX sImt≠m

]bXv\w sImt≠m km[y-a-√mØ hn[w XnI®pw hyXy-

kvX-amb H∂mWv; IqSmsX I¿Øm-hmb tbip Im¬h-

dn-bn¬ sNmcn™ Xs‚ c‡-Øm¬ t\Sn-sb-SpØ

hos≠-Sp-∏n-eqsS amXta AXv km[y-am-I-bp-f-fq. sbi.

1:18-˛se £W-Øn\p adp-]Sn \¬Inb Iq´sØ B¿°p

a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂p? B £Ww Ct∏mgpw

XpS¿∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv!

F∂m¬ P\w adpØp a’cn°p∂p-sh-¶n¬ bp≤hpw

\mihpw Ahsc ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

1:21- 23:˛ sbcp-itew C\n-sbm-cn-°epw hnizkvX \K-

c-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. \oXnbpw \ymbhpw Ahn-sS-bn-√. AXn-

t∏mƒ Hcp thiym-\-K-c-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bmWv; Ipe-]m-X-I-

∑m-cpsS A`b tIµw. AXnse tijvT-amb hkvXp-

°ƒ aen-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂p; AXnse ]`p-°-∑m¿ \nIr-jvS-

∑m-cmbn Xo¿∂n-cn-°p∂p; F√m-bn-SØpw ssIIq-en-bpsS

sbi-ømhv 1

838

sImSp-°¬ hmß-ep-Ifpw A\o-Xnbpw \S-∏m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

1:24-˛31:˛ AXp-sIm≠v ]m]w \nanØw Xs‚ iXp-

°-fmbncn°p-∂-h¿°p tamse-t°bpw ssZhw Xs‚ DK-

tIm]w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øpw. Ahs‚ in£m-hn-[n-Iƒ

\nanØw sbcp-itew Aip-≤n-sb√mw \o°-s∏ v AXns‚

ap≥Ime al-Xz-Øn-te°v ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°-s∏-Spw. A\p-X-

]n®p aS-ßn-h-cp-∂-h-cpsS hos≠-Sp∏v Xs‚ \oXn-bm¬

Dd-∏m-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ in£m-hn-[nbpsS kw`m-

hyX Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-XmWv ssk\y-ß-fpsS ssZh-amb

btlmh F∂ kwL-SnX \maw.

F∂m¬ ]m]n-Iƒ°p \miw hn-°pw. hnK-lm-cm-[n-

Iƒ Xß-fpsS ]qPm-Kn-cn-Iƒ (I-cp-th-e-I-ßfpw tXm´-

ß-fpw) \nanØw e÷n-°pw. Ah¿ Ce s]mgn™ Icp-

th-eIw t]msebpw shf-f-an-√msX hc≠p InS-°p∂

tXm´w t]msebpw Bbn-Xo-cpw. Xß-fpsS _e-Øn¬

Bi-bn-°p∂ t\Xm-°-∑m¿ (_-e-hm-∑m¿) Xß-fpsS

Xs∂ Zpjv]-hr-Øn-I-fpsS Xos∏m-cn-bm¬ Zln-∏n-°-s∏-

Sp∂ NW-\q¬ t]mse-bm-Ipw.

2. ip≤o-I-c-W-Øn-eq-sS-bp-ff `mhn A\p-K-l-ßƒ

(A. 2˛4)

2:1˛3:˛ Xmdp-am-dm-bn-cn-°p∂ Ct∏m-gsØ Ah-ÿ-

Iƒ°-∏p-d-ap-ff anin-lm-bpsS alXz cmPy-Øn-te-°mWv

Btam-kns‚ aI≥ Ct∏mƒ t\m°p-∂-Xv. A∂v sbcp-

itew temI-Øns‚ cmjvS-]-chpw aX-]-c-hp-amb Xe-

ÿm\ \K-cn-bmbn ÿm]n-°-s∏-Spw. Bcm[-\bv°pw

ssZho-Im-tem-N-\-Iƒ°p-ambn kIe PmXn-Ifpw kotbm-

\n-te°v Xo¿∞-bmX \S-Øpw.

2:4:˛ B cmPmhv A¥¿tZ-iob ]iv\-ßƒ°p Xo¿∏p-

I¬∏n-°p-Ibpw P\-ßƒ°p-th≠n X¿°-ßƒ ]cn-l-cn-

°p-Ibpw sNøpw. XXv^-e-ambn km¿∆-Xn-I-amb Hcp

\ncm-bq-[o-I-cWw Ahn-sS-bp-≠mcpw(7). apºv bp≤-km-a-

Kn-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\v Nne-hm-°n-bn-cp∂ XpI Ct∏mƒ

Irjn-bm-bp-[-ßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-Wp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-

Xv. aoJm.4:1˛3 hmIy-ß-tfmSp kZr-iy-amWv Cu ]mcw`

hmIy-ßƒ; Hcp ]t£ Htc ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ ]tNm-

Zn-X-am-b-Xp-sIm-t≠m, As√-¶n¬ Hcmƒ Fgp-Xn-bXv as‰-

]-hm-N-I≥ FSp-Øp-≤-cn-®-Xp-sImt≠m Bhmw Aßs\

h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

2:5:˛ blqZm P\sØ s]s´∂v A\p-Xm-]-Øn\v

Blzm\w sNøp-hm≥, InkvXp-hns‚ cmPysØ Ipdn-

®p-ff al-Xz-am¿∂ Z¿i\w sbi-øm-hns\ t]cn-∏n-°p-

I-bm-Wv.

2:6˛9:˛ A\-¥cw tZisØ AXym-]-Øn-te°p \bn-

°p∂ ]m]sØ Ipdn-®v, sbi-øm-hv, ssZhsØ t\cn´p

A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm≠v Bh¿Øn®p ]d-bp-I-

bm-Wv. btlm-h-bn-¶te°p t\m°p-∂-Xn\p ]I-cw, P\w

s^en-kvXysct]mse ]q¿∆ tZi-Øp-\n-∂p-ff tPymXn-

jn-Isf kao-]n®p ]iv\-°m-cmbn Xo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿

PmXn-I-tfm-Sp-tN¿∂p hne-°-s∏´ kJy-X-bp-≠m-°n.

ssZhoI \nb-a-ßƒ ewLn®v Ah¿ \nt£-]-ßƒ kzcq-

]n-°bpw kpc-£n-X-Xz-Øn-\mbn IpXn-c-I-fnepw cY-ß-

fnepw Bi-bn-°bpw sNbvXp. kz¥-ssI-I-fm¬ D≠m-

°nb hnK-l-ßsf Ah¿ Bcm-[n-®p. ssZhw Ahsc

XmgvØp-hm-\p-ff Imc-W-ßƒ Ah-bm-Wv, F¶nepw

Ah≥ Ahsc ad∂p If-bp-∂n-√. “]q¿∆tZ-i-°m-cpsS

acym-Z-I-fm¬ \nd™p” F∂pff ]kvXm-h-\, ]uckvXy

cmPy-ß-fnse aX-`‡n Ct∏mƒ ]m›mXy \mSp-I-fn¬

P\-]o-Xn-bm¿÷n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬ A\p-tbm-Py-am-Wv.

2:10,11:˛ a\p-jys‚ \nKfn® IÆp-Isf XmgvØp∂

btlm-h-bpsS DK-tIm-]-Øns‚ hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ `b-

¶-c-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂pw Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw A`bw tXSp-hm≥

]hm-N-I≥ P\-ß-tfm-Smbn ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv.

2:12-˛18:˛ s]s´-∂p-ff Hcp ]cn-h¿Ø-\-sa-t∂m-Ww,

InkvXp-hns‚ c-W-Øn≥ ap≥]p-≠m-Ip∂ btlm-h-bpsS

\mfnse \ymb-hn-[n-bn-te°v sbi-ømhv NmSn-°-S-°p-I-

bm-Wn-hn-sS. hy‡n-]-ctam (tZ-h-Zm-cphpw Icp-th-e-I-hpw)

`c-W-Iq-S-kw-_-‘tam (D-b¿∂n-cn-°p∂ ]¿∆-X-ßfpw

Ip∂p-I-fpw, ssk\y _e-Øn-t‚tXm (tKm-]p-chpw aXn-

epw) hmWn-Py-kw-_-‘tam (I-∏-ep-Ifpw irwKmc tKm]p-

c-ß-fpw)(8) Bb a\p-jys‚ F√m-hn[ K¿∆-ßfpw

ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh ssIImcyw sNøpw. a\p-jys‚

D∂-X-`mhw Xmgpw, btlmh amXw D∂-X-\mbncn°pw.

hnK-l-ß-sf√mw Dt]-£n-°-s∏-Spw.

2:19-˛22:˛ a\p-jy¿ Xßƒ°p Hfn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂

kt¶-X-ßƒ At\z-jn-°pw. £Wn-I-\mb a\p-jy≥

Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ tbmKy-\-s√∂v A∂m-fn¬ hy‡-am-Ipw.

Xs‚ P\-Øns‚ AJ-WvUn-X-amb Bfl-hn-izm-k-Øn\p

tbmKy≥ btlmh amX-am-Wv.

3:1˛5:˛ P\-ßƒ Bi-bn-°p∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-s∏´

t\Xr-ÿm-\-ßƒ, 2:20-˛¬ \mw hmbn-°p∂ B Znh-k-

Øn¬ btlmh \o°n-°-f-bpw. A∏w, shffw F∂n-h-

bpsS \jvSw £mam-h-ÿ-I-sf-bmhmw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬ XpS¿∂p-ff hmIy-ß-fnse A`n-]m-b-]-Im-cw,

ChnsS A∏hpw shf-fhpw AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-amb t\Xm-

°-∑m-sc-bmhmw Hcp-]t£ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

]m]vXcpw ]Iz-X-bp-f-f-h-cp-amb t\Xm-°-∑m¿ Pohn-

XØns‚ F√m-Xp-d-I-fnepw C√m-sX-bm-Ipw. AXv ]oU-

\-Øn-t‚-bpw, Acm-P-I-Xz-Øn-t‚bpw [n°m-c-Øn-t‚bpw

A]-a-cym-Z-bp-tSbpw A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sn-t‚bpw Hcp Ime-

am-bn-cn-°pw.

3:6˛8:˛ “Cu iq\ym-h-in-jvS-ßƒ°p” A[n]-Xn-bm-bn-

cn-°p-hm≥ P\w Xß-fpsS Hcp _‘p-hns\ \n¿_-‘n-

°pw. F∂m¬ Xs‚ h-\-Øn¬ Blm-chpw hkvXhpw

C√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Ah-\Xp \nc-kn-°pw. tZi-Øns‚

AXym-]-Øn\p Cu P\-ß-sf-b-√msX a‰m-tcbpw Ip‰-

s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xn-s√∂v sbi-ømhv ]d-bp-∂p.

3:9˛12:˛ F´p “im]ß-fpsS” Hcp ]c-ºc 9˛mw hmIy-

Øn¬ ]hm-N-I≥ Bcw- n-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXn¬ cs≠Æw

Cu A≤ym-b-Ønepw BsdÆw 5˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn-ep-am-

sbi-ømhv 1,2,3

839

Wp-f-f-Xv. ]£-]m-Xw, e÷-bn-√mbva F∂nh kw_-‘-

ambn kmam\y P\sØ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv BZy-tØ-

Xv. c≠m-a-tØXv Ah-cpsS Akm-∑m¿§n-IX \nanØw

Ahsc Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv; F¶nepw \oXn-am-∑m-cmb

tijn-∏n\v A\pK-lhpw hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂p-≠v. ]cn-

Nb Ipd-hp-ff A]-Iz¿ (Ip-ń-Iƒ), _e-lo-\¿ (kvXo-

Iƒ), h©-I-∑m¿ F∂n-h¿ Ahsc \bn°pw F∂Xv

Ah-cpsS ]m]-Øns‚ ]cn-WnX e-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv.

3:13-˛15:˛ btlmh bnkm-tb-ens\ hyh-lm-c-Øn\p

£Wn-°p-∂-XmWv Cu hmIy-ßƒ. Ip‰w \n¿Æ-bn-°-

s∏´p Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Ffn-b-h-cpsS Nne-hn¬ (tIm-g,

]nSn-®p-]dn F∂n-h-bm¬ BsW-∂p-f-f-Xn¬ bmsXmcp

kwi-b-hp-an-√) Xß-sf-Øs∂ kº-∂-cm-°nb `c-W-

I¿Øm-°sf Ah≥ A[n-t£-]n-°p-I-bmWv Chn-sS.

A]-cm[ \n¿Æ-b-a√ adn®v “Ip‰-hm-fn”bmbXn\m¬ in£

]Jym-]n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

3:16-˛24:˛ blq-Z-bnse kvXoI-fpsS Al-¶m-cw,

A«oetZymX-I-amb tNjvSm hnti-j-ßƒ, AanX hne-

bp-ff hkvX-ßƒ, B`-c-W-ßƒ F∂nh kw_-‘n®v

hW-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Xc-Øn¬ Ahsc Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-

Wn-hn-sS. hne-tb-dnb kuµ-cy-h¿≤I hkvXp-°ƒ

]qinb Ah-cpsS apJ-ßƒ sNmdn-I-fm¬ \nd-bpw. Ah-

cpsS BS-bm- -c-W-ßƒ \o°n-°-f™v icocw \·-am-°-

s∏-Spw. emfn-Xyhpw kuIp-am-cy-hp-ap-ff kvXoI-fm-Ip-∂-

Xn\p ]I-cw, Ah¿ Zp¿K‘w han-°p-∂-h-cpw, ico-c-Øn¬

Ib-dp-Np-‰n,- X-eapWvU\w sNbvXv A¬∏ hkvXw [cn-

®v, Xncn-®-dn-b¬ apZ IpØ-s∏- -h-cp-am-b, hrØn-bn-√mØ

A`-bm¿∞n-I-sf-t]m-se-bm-Ipw.

3:25-˛4:1:˛ bp≤-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS ]pcp-j-∑m¿ \jvS-am-

Ip-∂Xv AXn\p ]pd-sa-bp-ff Hcp AXym-]-Øm-Wv. ]pcpj

P\-kw-Jy-bnse hºn-®-Ip-dhp aqew Ggp kvXoIƒ

BI-aW kz`m-h-tØmsS Hcp ]pcp-j-t\mSp hnhm-lm-

`y¿∞\ \S-Øp-hm≥ CS-h-cpw. Ahn-hm-ln-X-cmbn a°-

fn-√mØ acn-°pI F∂ `bm-\-I-amb \nµ-bn¬ \n∂pw

c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ th≠n Ahs‚ t]cv hln-°p-∂n-S-tØmfw

Imew Ah¿ kzbw AtlmhrØn Ign-®p-sIm-f-fm-sa∂v

Dd-∏p-\¬In-sIm-≠mWv AXn\p apXn-cp-∂-Xv.

4:2˛6:˛ 4˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ _m°n-`mKw InkvXp-

hns‚ alXzw cmPyw ap∂n¬ ImWp-I-bm-Wv. 2˛mw hmIy-

Ønse al-Xzhpw `wKn-bp-ap-ff apf Ah-\m-Wv. amXyp

sl≥Sn-bpsS A`n-]mbw t\m°p-I.

Ah≥ btlm-h-bpsS apf-bm-Wv, ]pcp-j-\mb apf;

Zmk-\mb apf (sk-J. 3:8, 6:12), \oXn-bp-s≈mcp apf

(bn-c. 23:5;33:15) bn»m-bn-bpsS Ip‰n-bn¬ \n∂p-ff Hcp

apf, t]cp-I-fn¬ \n∂p-ff Hcp sImºv (sb-i. 11:1) F∂n-

ß-s\-bp-ff Ahs‚ ]mh-N-\nI \ma-ß-fn¬ H∂m-Wn-

Xv. Nne¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xp t]mse aØm. 2:23-˛¬ \k-dm-

b-≥ F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-eqsS CXp-]-tcm-£-ambn

kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ahs‚ i‡n-bn¬ P\n-°-s∏´v

Ahs‚ al-Xz-Øn-\mbn Xg-bv°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv

ChnsS Ah≥ btlm-h-bpsS apf F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xv. ]pcm-X\ I¬Zb ]cm-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ btlm-h-bpsS

aninlm AYhm InkvXp F∂mWv ChnsS CXv hmbn-

°p-∂Xv .(9)

Ah≥ qan-bpsS BZy- -e-hp-am-Wv, ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°-s∏´

bnkm-tb-ey¿ Ah-\n¬ ]pI-gpw. I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

InkvXphns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ Ah-

\m¬ \in-∏n-°-s∏-Spw. sbcp-i-te-an¬ Poh-\p-f-f-h-cpsS

Iq´-Øn¬ t]¿ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ blqZ c£nX KWw

hnip-≤≥ F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Spw. \memw hmIy-Ønse Cu

ip≤o-I-cWw kphn-ti-j-Øm-e√ adn®v \ymb-hn-[n-bm-

emWv \S-∏m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ssZhoI Icp-X-en-t‚bpw kwc-

£-Øn-t‚bpw AS-bm-f-ambn kotbm≥ ]¿∆Xw ]I-en¬

taL-Øns‚ Hcp taem]p sIm≠pw cmXn A·n Pzme

sIm≠pw aqS-s∏-ń-cn-°pw.

3. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]m] kw_-‘-amb in£ (A.5)

5:1,2:˛ sbi-ømhp Xs‚ ]nb-X-a\p (b-tlmh

AYhm NKJV˛¬ I¿Øm-hv) th≠n ]mSp∂ ]mń¬,

Xs‚ ap¥n-cn-tØm-´sØ Ipdn-®p-ff btlm-h-bpsS

hm’ey Icp-X-emWv Ah≥ hnh-cn-°p∂Xv. ssZhw

G‰hpw \√ ÿew AXn-\mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp, \ne-

sam-cp-°n, AXn¬ \√ hI ap¥ncnh≈n \´p, AXns\

]cn-]m-en®p; \√ Hcp hnf-sh-Sp∏v ]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≠v Hcp

N°pw ÿm]n-®p. F∂m¬ Ah≥ ]Xo-£n® Xc-Øn-

ep-ff Hcp hnf-hn\p ]Icw (A-\p-k-c-Ww, \µn-]-I-S-\w,

kvt\lw, Bcm-[-\, ipiq-j) No™p \mdp∂ Im´p-ap-

¥n-cn-ß-bmWv (A-\p-k-c-W-t°-Sv, a’-cw, hnK-lm-cm-[-

\) Ah\p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-™-Xv.

5:3˛6:˛ Xs‚ ap¥n-cntØm´Øn¬ sNbvXn-´p-f-f-X-

√msX C\n AXn¬ F¥m-Wp IqSp -X -embn

sNbvhm\≈sX∂pw CXbpw tami-s∏´ Hcp hnfhv

X\n°v e`n-®-sX-¥p-sIm-≠m-sW∂pw btlmh tIm]-

tØmsS blq-Z-tbmSp tNmZn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A\-¥cw Bk-

∂-am-bn-cn-°p∂ in£bpw Ah≥ ]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. blq-

Z-bpsS kpc-£, then Ah≥ s]mfn®p If-bpw. tZiw

BI-an-°-s∏ v iq\y-ambn InS-°pw. apf-fpw, ]d-°m-cbpw

AXn¬ ho≠pw apf-bv°p-Ibpw hcƒ® A\p-`-hn-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw. Xo¿®-bmbpw Ch-sb√mw hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂

]hm-ksØ ap≥I≠psIm-≠p-f-f-Xm-Wv.

5:7:˛ AXns‚ ImcWw hy‡-amWv: bnkm-tb-en¬

\n∂pw blq-Z-bn¬ \n∂pw ssZhw \oXnbpw \ymbhpw

]Xo-£n-®-t∏mƒ sIme-]m-X-Ihpw a¿±n-X-cpsS \ne-hn-

fn-bp-a-√msX as‰m∂pw Ah\p e`n-®n-√.

5:8˛10:˛ 3˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw XpS-ßp∂ im]-

ßƒ 8˛23 hsc-bp-ff hmIy-ß-fnepw \ap°p ImWmw.

Xmsg-Im-Wp∂ ]Im-c-amWv B im]-ßƒ D≤-cn-°-s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. H∂m-asØ im]w: hoSp-Iƒ°pw \ne-

ßƒ°pw hfsc Zu¿e- y-ap-ff kml-N-cy-Øn¬ t]mepw

AXym-K-ln-I-fmb qhp-S-a-Iƒ ]Xm] ]q¿∆w ]m¿Øp-

sIm≠v \ne-ß-fp-sSbpw hoSp-I-fp-tSbpw Ib-hn-In-b-ßƒ

a‰p am¿§-ß-fn-√mØ hn[w Zp¿L-S-Øn-em-°p-∂p.

]hmkw At\Iw `h-\-ßsf iq\y-am°n Xo¿°pw;

sbi-ømhv 3,4,5

840

tZiw Awi-ambn amXw hnfhp Xcpw. A©p G°¿

ÿeØp hf-cp∂ ap¥ncn hf-fn-bn¬ \n∂pw tIh-ew

A©p Kme≥ ho™p amXw e`n-°pw. ]Øp _pj¬

(1 _pj¬ = F´p Kyme≥) hnØv tIhew Hcp _pj¬

[m\yw amXw DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°pw.

5:11- 17:˛ c≠m-asØ im]w: ]`mXw apX¬ ]tZmjw

hsc aZyw \pI-cp∂ AanX aZy-]m-\n-Isf kw_-‘n-®p-

f-f-XmWv ÿnco-I-cn-°-s∏´ c≠m-asØ im]w. ssZh-

tØbpw Ahs‚ ]hr-Øn-I-tfbpw \nµn-®p-sIm≠v

Ah≥ k¬°-cn®p IpSn®p aZn-°p-∂p.

]hmkw ASpØp sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv \n¿∆n-Nm-c-amb

CØcw kz`m-h-ßƒ sIm≠m-Wv. am\y-∑mcpw P\-k-

aqlhpw Hcp-t]mse £maw A\p-`-hn®p acn-°pw. Hcp-

Ø\pw A]-am-\-Øn¬ \n∂p c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-√.

F∂m¬ ssZhw Xs‚ \oXn-bp-ff \ymb-hn-[n-bm¬ \oXn-

I-cn-°-s∏Spw; Atd-_y-bnse Ae™p Xncn™p \S-

°p∂ Bń-S-b≥am¿ (s_-Up-hn≥) bnkm-tb-ens‚ Ah-

injvSßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Xß-fpsS Bń≥ Iq´-ßsf tabn-

°pw.

5:18,19:˛ aq∂m-asØ im]w: ]m]-tØmSp ]nW-bv°-

s∏´v A]-cm-[hpw in£bpw hen-®p-sIm≠p \S-°p-∂-

hcpw e÷-bn-√msX t`mjv°p ]d-bp-∂-hcpw Iqtdm hnizm-

ktam \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cpw, Xß-fpsS ta¬ \S-∏m-°p-

sa∂v oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ in£m-hn[n DS-\Sn \S-∏m-°p-

hm≥ th≠n ssZhsØ sh√p hnfn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

5:20:˛ \mem-asØ im]w: \∑bpw Xn∑bpw XΩn-ep-

ff hyXymkw \ntj-[n-®p-sIm≠v [m¿ΩnI sshinjvSyw

XpS®p am‰p-∂-h¿.

5:21:˛ A©m-asØ im]w: Xßƒ°p-Xs∂ ⁄m\n-

I-sf∂p tXm∂p∂ Zpc-`n-am-\n-Iƒ.

5:22,23:˛ Bdm-asØ im]w: tImg kzoI-cn®p \oXn

adn-®p-I-f-bp-∂, aZy-]m-\-Øn¬ hoc-∑m-cmb \ymbm-[n-]-

∑m¿.

5:24,25:˛ ssZh hN-\-Øn\p bmsXmcp am\y-Xbpw

I¬∏n-°mØ Cu ZpjvS-∑m¿ ]p¬ ]tZ-isØ ]p√p-

t]m-se-bm-Ip-∂p. Xo AXns\ hngp-ßn-°-f-bpw. ssZhw

\ymb-hn-[n-bm¬ Xs‚ P\sØ kµ¿in-°pw. ae-Iƒ

hnd-bv°p-Ibpw hoYn-I-fn¬ ih-ßƒ Nn∂n NnXdn°nS-

°p-Ibpw sNøpw; F¶nepw C\n-bp-ap≠v!

5:26-˛30:˛ Ah≥ _m_n-tem-\ysc hcp-hm≥ Nqfw-

IpØn hnfn-°pw. Ah-cpsS ssk\yw hcp-∂Xp t\m°p˛

imco-cnI £a-X-bp-f -f -h-cm-bn, Ip‰-a‰ \ne-bn¬

bqWnt^mw [cn-®v, Bbp-[-k-∂-≤-cm-bn- mWv Ah¿ hcp-

∂-Xv. IpXn-c-Ifpw cY-ßfpw hf-sc-thKw DK-X-tbmsS

kao-]n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ssk\yw Hcp knwl-sØ-

t∏mse ]pcp-jm-c-Øn-t∑¬ NmSn-hoWp P\sØ ]hm-

k-Øn-te°v ]nSn®p sIm≠p t]mIp-∂p. blp-Zsb

kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXp Ccp≠ Zn\-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw!

B. sbi-øm-hns‚ hnfn, ip≤o-I-c-Ww, ipiqj

`c-ta¬∏n-°¬ (A.6)

6:1:˛ D nbm cmPmhp acn® B≠n¬(10) cmPm[ncm-Ps\

kw_-‘n-®p-ff Hcp Z¿i\w sbi-øm-hn-\p-≠m-bn. Xm≥

I≠ cmPmhv I¿Øm-hmb tbip InkvXp-h-√msX a‰m-

cp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√-sb∂v tbml. 12:39- 41 hmIy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

\ap°p a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p. F^v. kn.

sP∂nßvkv A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv:

“Ahs‚ knwlm-k\w kI-e-tØbpw `cn-°p-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v cmP-Iob ]Xm-]-Øn-t‚-Xmb kI-e-hn[ Xmf-

ta-f-ß-tfmSpw IqsS kzbw Db¿∂pw s]mßn-bp-ap-ff

knwlm-k-\-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ AtUmWns\ (k¿∆m-[n-Im-

c-ap-ff I¿Ømhv F∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øn-\p-ff t]cv,

tdma. 9:5 -se t]mse ChnsS “k¿∆Øn\pw aosX ssZh-

ambn hmgvØ-s∏´ InkvXp”) ]tflm-knse tbml-∂ms\

t]mse “Bflmhn¬ hnh-i-\mbn” Ah≥ ImWp-I-bmWv.

Db¿∂ Cu knwlm-k-\-Øn-en-cn-°p-tºmƒ t]mepw

Ahs‚ hkvX-Øns‚ hnfp-ºp-Iƒ ]`-bm¿∂ B aµn-

csØ \nd-bv°p-I-bm-Wv.(11)

6:25: “_lpam\ kw_-‘-amb \mep Nnd-Ip-Ifpw

ipiq-jm-kw-_-‘-amb c≠p Nnd-Ip-I-tfmSpw” IqSnb

kz¿§ hmkn-I-fmb kmdm- p-Iƒ(12) Ahs\ ipiqjn®p

sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah ssZh-Øns‚ hnip≤n tLmjn-

°p-I-bpw, ssZh Zmk-∑m¿ Ahs‚ ipiq-jbv°p

apºmbn ip≤o-I-cWw ]m]n-°-W-sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-Wv.

]hm-N-I-\n¬ Bg-amb Ip‰-t_m[w Df-hm-°nb Cu

Z¿i\w Ahs\ Ip‰-k-ΩX ÿetØ°v B\-bn-®p.

6:6˛8:-˛ A\-¥cw Hcp ip≤o-I-cWw DS-\Sn \S-∂p.

At∏mƒ amX-amWv sbi-øm-hn\p I¿Øm-hns‚ hnfn

tIƒ∏m≥ Ign-™-Xv. Ah≥ £W-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hn-\mbn

Xs∂ ka¿∏n-°p-I-bpw, I¿Ømhv Xs‚ ipiqj

Ahs\ `c-ta¬∏n-°bpw sNbvXp.

6:9,10:˛ ssZhoI ktµiw ssIs°m-f-fmsX Xß-

sf-Øs∂ Ipcp-Sm-°n, I¿°-i-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ P\-

tØmSp I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w Adn-bn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-

cp∂p Ahs‚ ZuXyw. sbi-øm-hns‚ ipiq-jm-e£yw

9,10 hmIy-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-®n- n-s√-¶nepw Ahniyw`mhn-bmb

AXns‚ êw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. ]pXnb \nb-a-

Øn¬, bnkm-tb¬ anin-lmsb \ntj-[n-®-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff

_‘-Øn¬ Cu hmIy-ßƒ FSpØp≤cn-®n- p-≠v. ssh≥

Fgp-Xp-∂Xv:

a\w Xncn™p kuJy-am-Ip-hm-\pff km[y-X-Iƒ adn-

I-S-∂p-t]mb P\w Xß-fpsS hgn-Isf hmin-tbmsS hnI-

S-am-°n-°-f-™p. Hcp-h≥ Xs‚ Ah-ÿ-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn-°m≥

Ign-bmØ hn[w ZpjvS-XsIm≠v Xs∂-Øs∂ ITn\

lrZ-b-\m°n Xo¿°p-∂Xp sIm≠mImw ssZh-Øns‚

]Xn-Im-c-\ym-b-hn[n Xs‚ ta¬ hcp-∂-Xv.(13)

6:11-˛13:˛ Xs‚ P\-Øn≥ta¬ ssZhoI \ymb-hn[n

sbi-ømhv 5,6

841

FX-\mƒ XpScpw F∂ A¿∞-Øn -emWv

“FXtØmfw?” F∂ tNmZyw ChnsS ImWp-∂-Xv.

“]´Wßƒ \nhm-kn-Iƒ C√m-sXbpw hoSp-Iƒ Bfn-

√m-sXbpw iq\y-ambn tZiw Xosc ]mgmbn t]mIbpw

btlmh a\p-jysc Zqc-Ø-I-‰n-bn v tZi-Øns‚ \Sp-hn¬

hen-sbmcp \n¿÷\ ]tZiw D≠m-Ibpw sNøp-thmfw

Xt∂” F∂Xm-bn-cp∂p AXn-\p-ff adp-]-Sn. Hcp tijn-

∏ns\ (Hcp Zimw-iw) ssZhw Ah-ti-jn-∏n-°pw. F∂m¬

Cu tijn-∏p-t]mepw hfsc ]oV-\-ß-fn-eqsS IS-∂p-

t]m-tI≠n hcpw. hen-sbmcp hr£-Øns‚ _m°n-bp-

ff `mK-ß-sf√mw \in-∏n-°-s∏-´mepw Hcp Ip‰n Poh-

t\msS tijn°pw F∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv Cu hnip≤n

k¥-Xn.

C. CΩm-\p-th-ens‚ ]pkvXIw (A. 7˛12)

1. aninlmbpsS A¤pX P\\w (A.7)

7:1,2 :˛ 7˛12 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßƒ CΩm-\p-th-

ens‚ ]pkvXIw F∂ t]cn-em-W-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv; ImcWw

InkvXp-hns\ kw_-‘n-®p-ff hy‡-amb ]h-N-\-ßƒ

AXn-ep-≠v.

6˛Dw 7˛Dw A≤ym-b-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ sbi-ømhv tbmYm-

hns‚ c-W-Imew ]n∂n v Blm-kns‚ Ime-Øp-ff hnh-

cWw tiJ-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Acmapw bnkm-tbepw (F- -

bnw) XΩn¬ blq-Z-bvs°-Xnsc kJy-X-bp-≠m°n sbcp-

i-te-ans\ oj-Wn-s∏-SpØns°m≠n-cn-°p∂ Ime-am-W-

Xv.

7:3:˛ sbi-ømhv Xs‚ aI-\mb sibm¿ ˛ bmip-_n-(14)t\m-sSm∏w Ae-°p-Im-cs‚ hb-ense s]cp-h-gn-°¬

tase If-Øns‚ \o¿]m-Øn-bpsS A‰Øp Blmkv

cmPm-hns\ FXn-tc¬∏m-\mbn sN∂p. Hcp-]t£ ]´-W-

Ønse Pe-hn-X-c-W-Øns‚ kpc£ Dd-∏m-°p-hm≥

th≠n-bm-bn-cn°mw cmPmhv Ahn-tS°v t]mb-Xv. P\w

Xßƒ Igp-Inb hkvX-ßƒ shbn-e-Øn´p DW-°p-hm≥

th≠n hncn-®n-cn-°p∂ ÿe-amWv Ae-°p-Im-cs‚ hb¬.

7:4˛9:- A-cm-an-tebpw bnkm-tb-en-tebpw cmPm-°-∑m¿

(sc-ko\pw s]°-lpw) AW-bm≥ t\cw ]pI-bp∂ apdn-

s°m-≈n-Iƒ amX-am-Wv. Ahsc `b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-s√∂v

]hm-N-I-\n-eqsS btlmh Blm-kn\v Dd∏p \¬In.

blq-Zsb BI-an®v Xms_-b-ens‚, Hcp hn[-Ønepw

Adn-b-s∏-SmØ aIs\ Xß-fpsS sNm¬∏-Sn°p

\n¬°p∂ Hcp cmPm-hmbn hmgn-°m-sa∂v B kJy

cmjvS-ßƒ ]≤-Xn-bn-Sp-sa-¶nepw B Bkq-X-ß-sf√mw

A∏msS ]cm-Pbs∏´p-t]m-Ipw. (A-cmapw bnkm-tbepw

tN¿∂v blq-Zsb BI-an-®p-sh-¶nepw Ah¿s°-Xn-cmbn

Aiq¿ apt∂-dn-b-t∏mƒ kΩ¿±-ap-b¿∂p). Acm-ans‚

apJy \Kc cmjvSw ZtΩ-ti°pw AXns‚ Xe-h≥

scko\pw BsW∂v Dd-∏p-f-fn-S-tØm-fw, Adp-]-Øn-b©p

kwh-’-c-Øn-\Iw bnkm-tb¬ tXm¬∏n-°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂-

Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. (\n-hr-Øo-I-c-Ww. 2 cmP 17 t\m°p-

I). bnkm-tb-ens‚ Xe-ÿm\w ia-cy°pw AXns‚ Xe-

h≥ s]°lpw BsW∂v Dd-∏p-f-fn-S-tØmfw btlm-h-

bpsS hN\w hniz-kn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Blmkv ÿnc-hm-

k-an-√m-sX-bm-bn-t∏m-Ip-sa∂pw Dd-∏m-Wv.

7:10-˛13:˛ sblq-Z-bvs°-Xnsc Acmw-˛-bn-km-tb¬

kJyw ]_-e-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂p-f-f-Xn-\v, aosX BIm-i-

sØ-¶nepw Xmsg `qan-bnse¶nepw Hcp AS-bmfw tNmZn-

®p-sImƒhn≥ btlmh Blm-kn-t\mSv \n¿t±-in-°p-I-

bm-Wv. kwc-£-Wm¿∞w Aiq-cn-ep-ff Xs‚ Bibw

Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ a\- n-em-°m-sX, I]-S-`-‡nbpw

Xmgvabpw ImWn-®p-sIm≠v Ah≥ AXp \nc-kn-°p-∂p.

cmPm-hns‚ at\m`mhw btlm-hbv°p ]km-Z-am-bn-√,

F∂n-cp-∂mepw Ah≥ Ah-s\mcp AS-bmfw sImSp-°p-

I-bm-Wv. ssh\ns‚ A`n-]m-b-Øn¬:

Blmkv AS-bmfw tNmZn-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn®

kml-N-cy-Øn¬ btlmh Xm≥ kzbw Xnc-s™-SpØ

Hcp AS-bmfw Ah\v \¬Ipw; Blm-kns‚ Ime-Øp-

ff kml-N-cy-ßƒ°v AXo-X-amb Hcp AS-bm-f-am-W-Xv.

IqSmsX “ZmhoZns‚ Krl”hpambn _‘-s∏- p-ff hmKvZ-

Ø-ßfpw ]h-N-\-ßfpw AXns‚ ]cn-]q¿Æ-X-bn-se-Øn-

°p -hm\pw AXn\p Ignbpw. Blm-knt\m

Ahs\t∏mse-bp-f-f-h¿t°m B AS-bm-f-Øns‚ \nhr-

Øo-I-cW kw_-‘-amb al-Xz-Øn\pw A\p-K-l-

ßƒ°pw bmsXmcp hn[ ]¶p-an-√.(15)

7:14:˛ a‰p Nne ]h-N-\-ßsf t]mse CXn\pw \n›nX

ka-b-Øn\p apºv A]q¿Æ-am-sbmcp \nhr-Øo-I-c-Whpw

(B-lm-kns‚ Ime-Øv) AXn-\p-tijw ]q¿Æ-amb Hcp

\nhr-Øo-I-c-Whpw (In-kvXp-hns‚ H∂mw hc-hn-¶¬)

D≈Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. 14-˛mw hmIyw X¿°-sat\y

InkvXp-hn-s\-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ssZhw \tΩm-Sp-

IqsS F∂¿∞-ap-ff CΩm-\p-th¬ F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂

I\y-Im-]p-X≥(16) ssh\ns‚ A`n-]mbw ho≠pw ChnsS

D≤-cn-°s´:

sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Ønse “tIƒ∏o≥” (Behold)F∂ ]Z-]-tbmKw F√m-bvt∏mgpw `mhn-kw-_-‘-amb

hnj-b-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn-emWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

“s_Xpe” (amXm-]n-Xm-°-tfm-sSm∏w hkn-°p∂ hnhml

]mb-ambnń√mØ s]Ïp-ń) F∂ ]Z-Øn¬ \n∂pw

hyXy-kvX-ambn “A¬a” F∂ ]Zw Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp-]-tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ChnsS A¿∞-h-Øm-Wv. hnhm-l-Øn\p

Xøm-sd-SpØp \n¬°p∂ ]mb-]q¿Øn-bmb Hcp-h-sf-

bmWv AXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.(17)

7:15- 17:˛ 8:18- ¬ Hc-S-bm-f-ambn ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ sbi-

øm-hns‚ c≠m-asØ aI-\mb atl¿i-em¬ lmkv _kn-

s\-bmhmw 15,16 hmIy-ßƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. DØ-c-hm-Zn-

Ø-Øns‚ ]mb-am-Ipw-hsc Cu I\yIm ]pX≥

(ssXcpw tX\pw amXw Ign-®p-sIm-≠v) Zmcn-Zy-Øn¬

Pohn-°pw. F∂m¬ Ah\v B ]mbw BIp-∂-Xn\p apºv

Bcmw bnkm-tb¬ tZi-ßsf Xß-fpsS cmPm-°-∑m¿

Dt]-£n-°pw. Aßs\ blqZ `b-s∏´ kJy-I-£n-Iƒ

\mam-h-ti-j-ambn t]mIpw. F¶nepw Aiq¿ cmPm-hns‚

Itø-‰-Øn¬ ssZhw blq-Z-tbbpw in£n-°pw. Fßs\?

7:18-˛22:˛ ssZhw Aiq¿ sImXp-In-t\bpw (ankbnw)

sbi-ømhv 7

842

tX\o-®-tbbpw Nqfw IpØn hnfn°pw; Ah¿ blq-Z-

bpsS ta¬ Cc®p Ib-dpw. ssZh-Øns‚, Iqen°p

hmßnb £uc-I-Øn-bm-bn-cn°pw Aiq¿. AXv blq-Z-

bpsS ta¬ e÷bpw A]-am-\hpw hcp-Øpw. sP∂nßvkv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv:

Xo¿®-bmbpw A∂v blqZ Zcn-Z-bm-bn-cn°pw; ImcWw

Hcp-h\v BsI-∏m-sS-bp-ff kºØv Hcp ]ip-°n-Smhpw

c≠p sNΩ-cn-bmSv AYhm tImemSpw BWv. F¶nepw

Cu aq∂p arK-ßƒ amXw Ah\v Bh-iy-ap-ff Blmcw

\¬I-Ø-°-hÆw hnkvXr-X-am-Wv. Irjn-bn-√msX InS-

°p∂ BtZ-isØ ]p¬∏p-d-ßƒ. (18)

7:23-˛25:˛ apºv hf-sc-b-[nIw hnfhp \¬In-bn-cp∂

tZiw C\n apffpw ]d-°m-scbpw ]nSn®p InS-°pw. hfsc

\mfmbn DgmsX InS-°p∂ AXv Imf-Iƒ°pw BSp-

Iƒ°pw amXta D]-bp-‡-am-I-bp-f-fq.

2. anin-lm-bpsS hninjvS tZiw (A.8˛10)

8:1˛4 :˛ Hcp ]e-I-sb-SpØv AXn¬ “atl¿˛im-em¬-

-lmUv _Up” F∂v hy‡-amb A£-c-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp-

hm\pw ]n¬°m-eØv B ktµiw km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥

X°-hÆw ]ptcm-ln-X-\mb Ducn-bmhpw sbs_-c-Jym-

hns‚ aI-\mb skJ-cymhpw AXn\v km£n-I-fm-bn-cn-

°-Wsa∂pw btlmh sbi-øm-hn\p \n¿t±iw \¬In.

B t]cn-s‚-b¿∞w “thKØn¬ sIm≈-bn-Sp-I, Ih¿®-

bv°mbn _≤-s∏-SpI” F∂nß-s\-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-en-

s‚bpw Acm-an-t‚bpw Aip-cn-\m-ep-ff \mi-amWv AXv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. X\n°v ]pXp-Xmbn P\n® ss]X-en\v

Cu t]cn-Sp-hm≥ \n¿t±-in-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ btlmh

AXns‚ A¿∞w sbi-øm-hn\p hymJym-\n®p sImSp-

°p-I-bm-Wv.

8:5˛10:˛ btlm-h-bv°v bnkm-tb-ens\ Ipdn®v ho≠pw

]d-bp-hm-\p-≠v. hSt° cmPysØ P\w kmh-[m-\-tØmsS

Hgp-Ip∂ intemlm shf-fsØ \nc-kn-®-Xp-sIm≠v

Ah¿ \Zn-bnse A-Xm-bXv bq - okv \Zn shf-f-Øn¬

apßn-t∏m-Ipw. sbcp-i-te-ans‚ clky Pe-hn-X-c-W-ambn

cp∂p intemlm (tbm-l. 9:7˛¬ intemlmw F∂mWv

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv). btlm-h-bn-¶ep-ff Bi-b-Øns‚

AYhm ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]m hN-\-ß-fpsS AS-bm-f-am-

bn- mWv Chn-sS-bXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, bnkm-tb-en-t\bpw

Acm-an-t\bpw Iog-S-°p∂ Aiq-cn-s\-bmWv bq^-´okv

]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv. AXp blq-Zsb BI-an®p CΩm-

\p-th-ens‚ tZisØ aqSpw. F∂m¬ ]q¿Æ-amb Hcp

hnP-b-a√ AXv, adn®v Igp-tØmfw amXta hcn-I-bp-f-fp.

blq-Z-bpsS iXp-°ƒ°v Ah-cp-tS-Xmb ]≤-Xn-Ifpw

Xøm-sd-Sp-∏p-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw BXy-¥n-I-ambn

Ah¿ On∂- n-∂-am-°-s∏-Spw.

8:11- 15:˛ Xßƒ°p hntcm-[-am-bp-ff Iq´p-sI´p kw_-

‘n®v Cu P\-Øn-\p-ff `b-Øn¬ Ah-tcm-sSm∏w ]¶p

tNc-cp-Xv, adn®v btlm-h-bn¬ Bi-bn° amXw sNbvI-

sb∂v btlmh sbi-øm-hns\ D]-tZ-in-®p. X∂n¬ Bi-

bn-°p∂ Gh¿°pw Ah-s\mcp hnip≤ aµn-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.

F∂m¬ a‰p-f-f-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ah-s\mcp

CS¿®-I√v Bbn-cn-°pw.

8:16- 18:˛ btlm-h-bpsS hN-\-Øns‚ \nhr-Øo-I-cWw

NcnXw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-h-sc, hnizkvX injy-∑m¿

AXp tiJ-cn®p kq£n-®p-h-bv°phm≥ sbi-ømhpw

I¬∏n-®p. Xs‚ P\-Øn\p Xs‚ apJw Ct∏mƒ ad®p

If-™n-cn-°p∂ btlm-h-bv°mbn ]hm-N-I≥ ImØn-cn-

°pw, Ah-\n¬ ]Xym-in-°pw. sbi-ømhv (b-tlmh c£n-

°p-∂p), sibm¿ bm°p_v (Hcp tijn∏v aS-ßn-h-cpw),

atl¿- -im-em¬- -lm-iv- -_kv (th-K-Øn¬ sIm≈-bn-Sp-I,

Ih¿®-bv°mbn _≤-s∏-Sp-I) F∂n-h¿ Xß-fpsS t]cp-

I-fm¬ Xs∂, BXy-¥n-I-ambn bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp-ff

ssZho-I-I-cp-W-bp-tSbpw iXp-°-fpsS taep-ff \ymb-

hn-[n-bp-tSbpw AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-X-ß-fp-am-Wv.

8:19:˛ shfn-®-∏m-S-∑mcpw e£W hmZn-I-tfmSpw Acp-

f-∏mSp tNmZn-°p-∂-Xn\p ip]m¿i sNøp-∂-hsc Ipdn®v

]hm-N-I≥ Xs‚ P\sØ t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Poh-\p-f-f-h¿°p th≠n acn-®-h-tcm-S√ Acp-f-∏mSp tNmZn-

t°-≠Xv adn®v P\w Poh-\p-ff ssZh-Øn-¶-te°v Xncn-

bp-I-bmWv th≠-Xv. ]Ir-Xym-XoX i‡n (am-¥n-I-

ambXv) tbmSp-ff C∂sØ `‡n ]pXn-b-sXm-∂p-a√:

am\p-joI CS-]m-Sp-I-fnse ]ap-J-amb sshj-ay-

ßƒs°√mw apt∂m-Sn-bmbn e£-W-hn-Zy-bp-tS-Xmb Hcp

]k-cWw km[m-c-am-Wv. blq-Z-bnepw bnkm-tb-enepw

]hm-k-Øn\p sXm´p-apºv AXp-X-s∂-bmWv kw`-hn-®-

Xv. InkvXp-hns‚ PUm-h-Xm-c-Ønepw ]mb-›nØ ac-

W-Ønepw AXp Xs∂-bmWv kw`-hn-®-Xv. C∂pw

Aßs\ Xs∂-bm-Wv. D]-tZ-i-Øn\pw Bflob ip≤o-

I-c-W-Øn\pw th≠-sX√mw kXy-Xn-cp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fn¬

ssZhw \ap-°mbn \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. (2 Xnsam. 3:16,17).(19)

8:20- 22:˛ D]-tZ-i-I-∑m-sc√mw ssZh hN-\-Øm¬ ]cn-

tim-[n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v. Ah-cpsS D]-tZ-i-ßƒ Xncp-sh-

gp-Øp-ambn HØp hcp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ “Ah¿°v Acp-tWm-

Zbw D≠m-I-bn-√.” Cßs\ sX‰mb hgn-I-fn¬ \bn-°-

s∏- -h-sc√mw Xß-fpsS IjvSm-h-ÿ-bn¬ cmPm-hn-t\bpw

ssZh-tØbpw i]n-®p-sIm≠v G‰hpw he™pw hni∂pw

tZiØp IqSn \S-°pw. Ah¿ Bizm-k-Øn-\mbn apI-fn-

te°pw Xmtg°pw t\m°pw; F∂m¬ A‘-Im-chpw

k¶-S-ap-ff Xnanchpa-√msX as‰m∂pw ImWp-hm≥

Ah¿°p Ign-I-bn-√.

9:1˛5:˛ Ct∏mƒ, hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ anin-lm-bpsS hc-

hn-¶-te°v ]hm-N-I≥ \sΩ \bn-°-bm-Wv. \^vXmen

tZiw F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂, bnkm-tb-ens‚ hSt° q]-

tZiw AI-an-Iƒ \nanØw \nµm ]mX-am-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-

∂p-sh-¶nepw AXv A∂m-fn¬ al-Xz-Icam°-s∏-Spw. (c-

£-I≥ _mey-Imew Nne-hn-´Xv PmXn-I-fpsS tZi-amb

Keo-e-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p, Xs‚ ]cky ipiq-j-bpsS Hcp cwK-

`q-anbpw AXm-bn-cp-∂p). InkvXp-hns‚ H∂mw hc-hn-\m¬

Keoe ]tim-`n-X-am-bn, Ahs‚ c≠mw hchv tZi-Øn-

\p kt¥mjw ]Zm\w sNøpw, IqSmsX ASn-a-Øhpw

bp≤hpw A∂v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pw.

9:6:˛ 6˛mw hmIy-Øns‚ BZy-`m-KØv Ahs‚ H∂mw

sbi-ømhv 7,8,9

843

hc-hmWv ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. “\ap°p Hcp inip

P\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p, \ap-s°mcp aI≥ \¬I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂”.H∂mw D]-hmIyw Ahs‚ a\pjyXzsØ Ipdn®p kwkm-

cn-°p-tºmƒ, c≠m-a-tØXv Ahs‚ ssZh-Xz-sØ-bmWv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. c≠mw-h-c-hn-s\-Ip-dn-®mWv hmIy-Øns‚

c≠mw- `mKw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv:

B[n-]Xyw Ahs‚ tXmfn-en-cn°pw Ah≥ cmPm[n

cmPmhpw I¿Øm[n I¿Øm-hp-ambn `cWw \S-Øpw.

hmIy-Øns‚ _m°n mKw Ahs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb al-

XzsØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p:

A¤pXhm≥ F∂ \ma-Øn¬ Ah≥ Adn-b-s∏-Spw

˛ Cu t]cv Hcp \ma-amWv; A√msX \ma-hn-ti-j-W-a-√.

AXv Ahs‚ hy‡n-Xz-sØbpw ipiq-j-tb-bp-amWv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

a¥n ˛ B[n-]-Xy-kw-_-‘-amb Ahs‚ ⁄m\w.

hoc-\hmw ssZhw ˛ k¿∆-i-‡n-bp-ff ]c-tam-∂X

cmPm-hv.

\nXy ]nXmhv ˛ AYhm IqSp-X¬ DØ-a-amb \ne-

bn¬ \nXy-X-bpsS ]nXmhv (A-Yhm “Ddhn-Sw”). kzbw

\nXy-\m-bn-cns° X∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ah≥

\nXy Poh≥ \¬Ip-∂p. ssh\ns‚ A`n-]mbw

t\m°Ip:

Hcp ZznapJ shfn-∏mSv CXn-ep≠v: (1) Ah≥ \nXy-X-

bn¬ hkn-®p-sIm≠v AXns‚ DS-a-ÿX ssIh-i-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p (57:15); (2) Ah≥ kvt\l-hm\pw a\- -

en-hp-f-f-h\pw Icp-Wm¿Z-\pw, ⁄m\n-bmb Hcp D]-tZ-

i-I\pw ]cn-io-e-I\pw ZmXm-hp-am-Ip-∂”.(20)

kam-[m\ ]`p (k¿ ˛ imtemw) ˛ ]iv\ Iep-jn-X-

amb Cu temI-Øn¬ BXy-¥n-I-amb kam-[m\w \¬Ip-

∂-h≥.

9:7: Ahs‚ B[n-]Xyw AXn-hn-]p-e-hpw, kam-[m\

]chpw A¥an-√m-Ø-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. Zmho-Zns‚ knwlm-

k-\-Øn-en-cp-∂p-sIm≠v \oXn-tbmSpw \ymb-tØmSpw

IqsS Ah≥ cWw \S-Øpw. Ch-sb√mw ]hrØn ]Y-

Øn¬ sIm≠p hcp-∂Xv Fß-s\-bmWv? Xs‚ P\-sØ-

°p-dn-®p-ff btlm-h-bpsS XojvW-amb Icp-X¬ \nanØw

AXp \nhr-Øn-°-s∏-Spw.

9:8˛12:˛ “CsX√mw sIm≠pw Ahs‚ tIm]w AS-

ßmsX Ahs‚ ssI C\nbpw \oń-bn-cn°pw” (hm.12,

17, 21, 10:4) F∂p-ff h¿÷-\-Øn¬ Ah-km-\n-°p∂

\mep JWvUn-I-I-fmbn Xs‚ ktµ-isØ Xcw Xncn-

°m-hp∂ hn[-Øn-ep-ff \ymb-hn-[n-bp-tS-Xmb Hcp

K¿÷\w ]hm-N-I-\n¬ \n∂p-b-cp-I-bm-Wv.

apsºm-cn-°epw D≠m-bn-ń-√mØ hn[w ]Xm-]-

tØmsS ho≠pw ]Wn-Xp-b¿Øp-sa-∂v, apºsØ in£-

I-fm¬ a\- n-f-ImØ bnkm-tb¬, Uw -tØmSpw lrZb

K¿∆-tØmSpw IqsS hºp ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Ing-

°p-\n∂v Acm-an-\mepw ]Sn-™mdp \n∂v sên-kvXy-

cmepw Ah¿ BI-an-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v btlmh Dd-∏n®p ]d-

bp-∂p.

9:13-˛17:˛ am\y-amb aq∏≥ apX¬ AkXyw D]-tZ-in-

°p∂ ]hm-N-I≥ hsc, kIe P\-tØbpw \in-∏n-°p-

sa∂v Ah≥ ho≠pw ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂p. tZiØv

ssZh ‡n-bn-√msX ]m]w ]_-e-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

Ahs‚ tIm]w AS-ßmsX Ahs‚ ssI C\n-bpw-˛-I-

cp-W-bv°m-b-√, ]Icw \ymb-hn-[n-°mbn ˛ \o´-s∏-ń-cn-

°pw.

9:18-˛21:˛ P\-Øns‚ ZpjvSX \nanØw tZiw B`y-

¥-bp-≤w, Acm-P-I-Xzw, £maw, Ih¿®, \c-amw-k-t`m-

P\w F∂n-h-bpsS A·n-bm¬ Zln-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.

10:1˛4:˛ Zcn-Z-∑m-cpsS \ymbw adn®p If-Ibpw Ffn-b-

hsc ]oUn-∏n-°bpw \oXn-sI´ N´w \nb-an-°bpw

sNøp∂ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Isf i]n-°p-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS.

ssI°q-en-bm-bpw, ]nSn®p ]dn®pw t\Sn-sb-SpØ kº-

sØm-t°bpw ssZhoI \ymb-hn-[n-bn-¶¬ Ah¿°p

\jvSamIpw.

10:5˛11:˛ Aiq-cns\ D]-tbm-Kn®p ssZhw blq-Zsb

in£n°pw. F∂m¬ Aiq-cn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ AXn-

t\-°m¬ henb ]≤-Xn-I-fm-Wp-f-fXv! Ahsc ]cm-P-b-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-eqsS Hcp temI-km-amPyw sIń-∏-Sp-°pI

F∂-XmWv Ah-cpsS e£yw. Xß-fpsS ]`p-°-∑m¿ (A-

Yhm ssk\ym-[n]-∑m¿) F√mw cmPm-°-∑m-cm-sW-∂pw,

Xs‚ DuSp-h-gn-bn¬ ImWp∂ ]´-W-ß-sfm∂pw Xm≥

Iog-S-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-tb-°mƒ tijvT-a-s√-∂pw, bnkm-

tb-en-tebpw blq-Z-bn-tebpw hnK-l-ßƒ Xm≥ ]nSn-®-

S-°nb cmPy-ß-tfm-tSm, As√-¶n¬ Xt∂mSp X∂tbm

Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ø-°-X-s√∂pw Ah≥ hºp ]d-bp-∂p.

10:12-˛19:˛ Xs‚ kw`hpw lrZb K¿∆hpw \nanØw

btlmh Aiq¿ cmPm-hns\ in£n-°pw. Xs‚ kz¥

i‡n-sIm≠pw ⁄m\w sIm≠p-amWv hnPbw t\Sn-sb-

Sp-Ø-sX∂v Ah¿ Btcm-]n-°p-∂p. btlm-h-bpsS

ssIønse hSnbpw tImepw AXp ]nSn-®n-cn-°p∂

ssIbv°p hntcm-[-ambn kzbw hºp ]d-bp-I-b-√. Xs‚

al-Xz-sa∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ _e-h-Ømb tbm≤m-°-

fpw, Xs‚ ImSn-t‚bpw ê-h-Ømb tXm´-Øn-t‚bpw

al-Xz-hpw, `bm-\-I-amb Hcp AXym-ln-X-Øm¬ Akq-

cn\p \jvS-am-Ipw. btlmh bnkm-tb-en\p shfn-®hpw

Aiq¿ ssk\yw Ah¿°p apffpw ]d-°m-cbpw BWv.

Aiq¿ ssk\y-Øn¬ tijn-°p-∂-h¿ Hcp _me\p

FÆnØn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ X°-hÆw Npcp-°-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂p.

10:20-˛23:˛ A∂m-fn¬ Blmkv sNbvX-Xp-t]m-se,

bnkm-tb-en¬ tijn-®-h¿ C\n-sbm-cn-°epw Aiq-cns\

Bi-bn-°-bn-√, adn®v Ah¿ btlm-h-bn¬ Bi-bn-°pw.

Cu ]h-N-\-ßƒ an°Xpw c≠mw hc-hns\ ap≥Iqń

I≠p-sIm-≠p-f-f-h-bm-Wv.

10:24- 27:˛ hS-°p-\n∂v Aiq¿ cmPmhv sbcp-i-te-an\p

t\sc hcp-sa-¶nepw blq-Zm-P\w t]Sn-t°-≠-Xn-√,

ImcWw ssk\y-ß-fpsS ssZh-amb btlmh anZym-

t\mSpw ank-bn-an-t\mSpw sNbvX-Xp-t]mse Xßƒ°p

sbi-ømhv 9,10

844

th≠nbpw CS-s]Spw; Aßs\ Aiq-cns‚ B[n-]Xy

`b-Øn¬ \n∂pw blqZm tamNn-∏n-°-s∏-Spw.

10:28-˛34:˛ Aiq¿ ssk\y-Øns‚ bmXm am¿§sØ

Ipdn®v hfsc kv]jvS-amb \ne-bn-ep-ff Hcp hnh-cWw

ChnsS ]Xn-]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ ] -W-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

\ap°v e`y-am-Wv. AI-an-Iƒ kao-]n-°p-∂-X-\p-k-cn®v ]cn-

`m-¥nbpw ]em-b-\-hp-amWv F√m-bn-S-Øpw. HSp-hn¬

Ah¿ ZrjvSn-]-Y-Øn¬, sbcp-itew Kncn-bn¬ FØp-I-

bmWv. At∏mƒ btlmh, Xms\mcp h\w sh´p-∂Xp-

t]mse Ah¿°p th≠n CS-s]´p ssk\y-tØbpw ]am-

Wn-am-tcbpw Imem-fp-I-tfbpw \in-∏n®p If-bpw.

3. anin-lm-bpsS kl-km_vZ hmgvN (A.11,12)

11:1 :˛ kl-km_vZ hmgvN-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

]pXnb \nb-a-Øntem ]gb \nb-a-Øntem Dff henb

thZ- m-K-ß-fn¬ H∂v sbi-ømhv 11- mw A≤ym-b-am-Wv. ]hm-

N-I-∑m-cn¬ k¿∆-km-[m-c-W-ambn ImW-s∏-Sp∂ s]s´-

∂p-ff Hcp ÿnXn-am-‰-Øn¬ \mw Ct∏mƒ InkvXp-hns‚

c≠mw hc-hn-te°v B\-bn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Zmho-Zns‚ ]nXm-hmb bn»mbn (1 iap. 17:12) bpsS

Ip‰n-bn¬ \n∂p-ff Hcp apf(21) F∂ \ne-bn¬ ZmhoZp

]pXs‚ hwi-]-c-º-c-bmWv \ap°v BZyw ImWp-hm≥

Ign-bp-∂-Xv.

11:2:˛ btlm-h-bpsS Bflm-hn-\m-ep-ff anin-lm-bpsS

A`n-tjIw aq∂p tPmUn BfloI kz`m-h-ß-fn-eqsS

]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. Uªn-bp. C. ssh≥ Ahsb

hy‡-ambn Npcp-°-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂p.

a\- ns‚ i‡n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p -In -S -°p∂

“⁄m\Øn-t‚bpw hnth-I-Øn-t‚bpw Bflm-hmWv

H∂m-a-tØXv: ⁄m\w hkvXp-°-fpsS kz`mhw Xncn-®-

dn-bp-∂p, hnthIw AXns‚ hyXymkw hnth-Nn-®-dn-bp-

∂p. c≠m-a-tØ-Xv, ]mtbm-KnI ]h¿Ø-\-ß-tfmSp _‘-

s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ “BtemN-\-bp-tSbpw _e-Øn-t‚bpw

Bflm-hv”. icn-bmb Xocp-am-\-ßƒ ssIs°m-f-fp-hm-\p-

ff Ign-hmWv Btem-N-\, Ahsb ]mh¿ØnIam-°p-

hm≥ ]tbm-Kn-°p∂ i‡n-bmWv _ew. aq∂m-asØ

tPmUn, “]cn⁄m-\-Øn-t‚bpw btlmhm ‡n-bp-tSbpw

Bflmhv”; btlm-h-tbm-Sp-ff Iq´m-bva-bp-ambp AXp

_‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p; Chn-SpsØ ]cn-⁄m\w btlm-

hsb Ipdn-®p-ff ]cn-⁄m-\-am-Wv. (Cu tPmUn-bpsS hni-

Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ c≠pw “btlmhsb Ipdn-®p-”ffXmWv).

“\nßƒ Ahs\ Adn-bp-∂n√ (ginosko˛F∂p h®m¬

\nßƒ Ahs\ Adn-bp-hm≥ XpS-ßn-bn-ń-√); Rmt\m

Ahs\ Adn-bp∂p (oida˛ F∂p h®m¬ A¥¿

⁄mt\\ ]q¿Æ-ambn Rm\-hs\ Adn-bp-∂p)” tbml.

8:55.(22) I¿Ømhp ]d-™p.

11:3-˛5:˛ cmtPm-Nn-X-amb B Ihn-X-bn¬ ]n∂oSv

InkvXp-hns‚ c-W-Ønse ]q¿Æ \oXn-bmWv hnh-cn-®n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. A\-¥cw ZpjvS-∑msc Ah≥ in£n-°p-∂-

Xpw, kam-[m-\-Øn-t‚bpw kpc-£n-X-Xz-Øn-t‚-Xp-amb

Xs‚ `c-W-hpw, hy‡n-]-c-amb Xs‚ \oXnbpw h¿Æn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p.

11:6-˛9a: ape IpSn-°p∂ inip k¿∏-Øns‚ t]mXn-

¶¬ Ifn-°p-hm≥(23) Ign-bp∂ hn[w h\y-ar-K-ßƒ

t]mepw anin-lm-bpsS `c-W-Øn-¶¬ Iog-S-ßpw.

11:9b:-˛ kl-km_vZ hmgvNm ImesØ amXr-Im-]-c-

amb Ah-ÿ-Iƒ°pff ImcWw shfn-hm-°p∂, 9˛mw

hmIy-Øns‚ c≠mw mK-amWv Xncp-h-N-\-Ønse G‰hpw

tim -bm¿∂ hmKvZ-Ø-ß-fn-sem-∂v. btlm-hbv°v bmlv

(Jah) F∂ Imhym-flI \maw \¬In-sIm≠v sP∂nßvkv

AXns\ Hcp eLp Ihn-X-bmbn hnh-cn-®n-´p≠v:

kapZw shffw sIm≠p \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

`qan bmlns‚ ]cn-⁄m\w sIm≠p \nd-™n-cn-°p-

∂p.

11:10-˛16:˛ PmXn-Isf X∂n-te°v BI¿jn-°p∂ Hcp

sImSn-bm-bn-cn°pw anin-lm, Ahs‚ A[n-Im-c-ÿm\w

al-Xz-ap-f-f-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. I¿Ømhv Xs‚ P\-Øn¬ tijn-

∏ns\ kIe Zn°p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw IqSn hcp-Øpw. blq-

Zbpw bnkm-tbepw (F-^-bnw) kam-[m-\-tØmsS Hcp-

an®p hkn-°pw. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS iXp-°-fmb sên-

kvXy¿, GtZm-ay¿, tamhm-_y¿, AtΩm-\y¿ F∂n-hsc

tXm¬∏n®p Iog-S-°pw. ank-bnw-I-S-ens‚ \mhv (sN-¶-

S¬) hc≠p t]mIpw. \Znsb (bq-^-ó-kv) Ggp ssIh-

gn-I-fm°n Ipd-bv°pw, Aßs\sb¶n¬ amXta blq-Z-

∑m¿°p tZi-tØ°p aS-ßn-h-cp-hm≥ Ign-I-bp-f-fp. hS-

°p-\n-∂p-ff aS-ßn-h-chv kpK-a-am-°p-hm≥ th≠n Aip-

cn-t\bpw bnkm-tb-en-t\bpw XΩn¬ _‘n-∏n-®p-sIm≠v

Hcp s]cp-h-gn-bp-≠m-°pw.

12:1˛6:˛ kt¥m-j-I-c-amb B kl-km_vZ \mfn¬,

Bib-Xz-Øn-t‚bpw \µn-bp-tS-Xp-amb kvXpXn-Ko-X-ßƒ

bnkm-tb¬ ]mSpw. c£-bpsS Dd-hp-I-fn¬ \n∂p kt¥m-

j-tØmsS shffw tImcn c£nX KWw Xß-fpsS Zmlw

Xo¿°pw. ]mb-›n-Ø-Øn-\mbn InkvXp-hn-¶-te°v hcp-

hm≥ PmXn-Isf £Wn-®p-sIm≠v, Ah¿°p th≠n-bp-

ff ssZhoI kphn-tij tLmj-I¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬

bnkm-tbepw Io¿Ø\w sNøpw.

D. PmXn-I-fpsS taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A.13.24)

1. _mt_-ens‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (13:1˛14:23)

13:1˛5:˛ PmXob cmjvS-ßƒ°p hntcm-[-am-bp-ff ]h-

N-\-ß-fmWv ASpØ ]Xn-s\m∂v A≤ym-b-ßƒ. Aiq-

cns\ ASn-®-a¿Ønb (G-I-tZiw B.C. 609-˛¬) temI-i-

‡n-bmb _mt_-emWv BZy-tØ-Xv. taZy, ]m¿ky

kmam-Py-ßƒ _mt_-ens\ Iog-S-°p-∂-Xm-bmWv 13-˛mw

A≤ym-b-Øn¬ \ap°p ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xv.

(B.C.539). F∂n-cp-∂m-epw, ]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ Nne-Xv, B

kw -h-Øn\pw A∏p-d-ambn atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-Øns‚ Ah-

km\ L´-Ønse _mt_-ens‚ A¥n-a-\m-i-Øn-te°v

hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-h-bmWv (shfn 17,18).

]`p-°-∑m-cpsS hmXn-ep-Iƒ°-IØp IS∂v (_m-

sbi-ømhv 11,12,13

845

t_¬ ] -Ww) tZi-sØ-sbm-t°bpw \in-∏n-t°-≠-Xn\v

ssZhw taZy ]m¿ky ssk\y-ßsf (“Fs‚ hnip-≤o-I-

cn-°-s∏-´-h¿”) Iqń-t®¿°p-∂p.

13:6˛13:˛ B AXym-]-Øns‚ _o`-’-X-bmWv ASp-

Ø-Xmbn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv ˛ `bhpw thZ-\-

bpw, tPymXn¿ tKmf-ß-fnse `bm-\-I-amb t£m`-ßƒ,

P\kwJybnse `bm-h-l-amb \yq\o-I-c-Ww. taZy

]m¿ky hnP-b-Øn-\-∏p-d-Øv, qtem-IsØ apgp-h≥ _m[n-

°p-∂Xpw BIm-i-ß-fn¬ km£m-Ømb alm-t£m-`-

ß-fp-≠m-°p-∂-Xp-amb btlm-h-bpsS Znh-k-Øn-te°v

t\m°p-∂-h-bmWv Cu hmIy-ß-fn¬ Nne-Xv.

13:14-˛22:˛ hntZ-in-Iƒ Xß-fpsS tZi-tØ°v aS-ßp-

∂-Xmb hn]peamb Hcp \n¿§-a\w A∂v _mt_-en-ep-

≠m-Ipw. tijn-°p-∂-h¿ ]d-bm-\m-hmØ hn[-Øn-ep-ff

IqcX A\p- -hn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. 19- 22 hmIy-ßƒ AXns‚

`mKn-I-amb \nh¿Øo-I-c-W-am-Wv.(24) F∂m¬ mhn-bn¬

AXv ]q¿Æ-ambn shfn-s∏-´p-h-cpw.

_mt_-ens‚ ]´-Whpw cmPyhpw \misØ Ipdn-

®p-ff ]h-N\w kw_-‘n®v Nne ]iv\-ß-fp-≠v. (sbi

13:6˛22; 14:4˛23; 21:2˛9; 47:1˛11; bnc-. 25:12-˛14; 50;51). DZm-

l-c-W-ambn B.C. 539˛¬ taZy¿ ]´Ww ]nSn-®-S-°n-b-

t∏mƒ (sbi 13:17) sktZmw sKmtam-dbv°p kam-\-amb

Hcp \miw (sb-i. 13:19) A∂v AhnsS kw -hn-®n√; Ft∂-

°p-ambn P\-hm-k-an-√msX ]´Ww iq\y-am-bn-t∏m-bn√

(sb-i.13:20-˛22), AXv hS°p \n∂p-ff Hcp PmXn-bm-e√

\n¿h-ln-°-s∏-´-Xv, taZy, ]m¿ky Ing-°m-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p

(bn-c. 50:3); bnkm-tb-tem, Hcp tijn-∏n-t\-°mƒ IqSp-

X-ep-ff blq-Zm-a-°tfm btlm-hsb At\z-jn-°pw,

AYhm kotbm-\n-te°p aS-ßn-h-cpw, AXpw kw -hn-®n√

(bn-c. 50:4,5). IqSmsX aXn-ep-Iƒ CSn™p t]mIpw

F∂Xpw hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xo ]nSn®p sh¥p-t]m-Ip-sa-∂Xpw

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń-√. (bn-c. 51:58).

CXp-t]m-se-bp-ff Hcp sshj-ay-Øn¬ \mw FØp-

tºmƒ AXv \mw ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xv Fß-s\-bmWv?

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-ep-ff \ΩpsS ]q¿Æ

hnizmkw \mw Hcn-°¬ IqSn ÿnco-I-cn-°p-∂p. AXn¬

GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep-ff sshj-ay-ß-fp-s≠-¶n¬ AXp

\ΩpsS ]cn-⁄m\ Ipdhp sIm≠p-≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

kab kqN-\-Iƒ H∂pw Xs∂ \¬ImsX X¬£W

`mhnbpw hnZqc `mhnbpw XΩn¬ ebn-∏n®p sIm≠p-ff

Hcp coXn ]e-t∏mgpw ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°p≠v F∂ Imcyw

\mw ad∂p t]mI-cp-Xv. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬,

Hcp ]h-N-\-Øn\v Xt±i kw_-‘-ambn mKn-I-amb Hcp

\nh¿Øo-I-c-Whpw _lp-Zq-c-amb Hcp ]q¿Æ \nh¿Øo-

I-c-W-hp-ap-≠m-Imw. _mt_-ens\ kw_-‘n-®p-ff

Ahÿ AXm-Wv. F√m ]h-N-\-ßfpw \nd-th-‰-s∏-ń-ń-

√, NneXv Ct∏mgpw `mhn kw_-‘-am-bp-f-f-Xm-Wv.

atlm-]-Z-h-Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ ][m-\-s∏´ Hcp thjw

Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn _mt_¬ Xøm-sd-Sp∏p \S-Øn-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ shfn-∏mSv 17,18 A≤ym-

b-ß-fn¬ CXn-t\m-SIw Xs∂ AXns‚ \miw hfsc

hy‡-ambn NnXo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. _mt_-ens‚ \misØ

kw_-‘n-®p-ff F√m ]h-N-\-ßfpw InkvXp-hns‚

c≠mw hc-hn-\p-ap≥]v \nh¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Spw. C∂v \sΩ

kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ahy-‡-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ,

A°m-eØp Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v kv^SnI Xpey-ambn

hy‡-am-bn-cn-°pw.

14:1,2:˛ btlmh bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp a\- -en™p

Ahsc kztZ-i-tØ°p aS°n hcp-Øpw. PmXn-Iƒ hc-

hn\p klm-bn-°bpw ssZh-P-\-tØmSp IqsS kam-[m-\-

ambn hkn-°bpw sNøpw. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]≠sØ

A[n-\m-b-I-∑m¿ Ah-cpsS Zmk-∑m-cmbn Xocpw.

bmt°m_pw bnkm-tb¬ Krlhpw _mt_¬ ]hm-

k-Ønse blq-Z-∑m-sc-bmWv ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

btlmh Ahsc Xnc-s™-SpØp F∂Xp sIm≠v ChnsS

A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ]hm-k-tZ-iØp \n∂v Ahsc hnSp-

hn®p kztZ-iØv Ahsc ]m¿∏n-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv.

bmt°m_p Krl-tØmSp ]‰n-t®¿∂n-cn-°p∂ B A\y-

Pm-Xn-°m¿ _mt_-en¬ \n∂p-ff kzaX XymKn-I-fm-Wv.

blq-Z-∑m-cpsS aS-ßn-h-c-hn\p klm-bn® tImscipw

Ahs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpw kztZ-i-tØ°p Ahsc

sIm≠p hcp∂ P\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.

14:3˛11:- ]oV-bn¬ \n∂pw ITn\ ZmUyØn¬ \n∂pw

hnSp-X¬ ]m]n® bnkm-tb¬ _mt_¬ cmPm-hn-s\-Xn-

cmbn Hcp A]-lmky Km\w ]mSpw. btlmh Ahs‚

i‡n XI¿Øp Ahs‚ tkz—m-[n-]Xyw Ah-km-\n-∏n-

®p. Ahs‚ ssk\y-Øn¬ C\n-sbm-cn-°epw A\m-hr-

X-am-°-s∏-SmØ h\-ßƒ Dƒs∏-sS, `qan-sbm-´msI

Ct∏mƒ B\-µn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah-km\w kam-[m\w

hs∂-Øn-bncn°p∂p! Xm\pw A[n-Im-cØn¬ \n∂pw

\o°-s∏-´-h-\m-I-bm¬, B kt¥m-j-Øn¬ ]mXmf

hmkn-Iƒ Ahs\ FXn-tc¬∏m≥ Ahn-sS-bp-≠v.

_mt_¬ cmPm-hns‚ BVw-_-chpw ]Z¿i\ tLmj-

bm-Xbpw Ah-km-\n®p. cmPm-[m-\n-bnse hmZy-tLm-

jhpw Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p. Ah≥ ]pgp-°-fpsS hncn-

∏n¬ Iran-I-fpsS Iºnfn ]pX®p InS-°p-∂p.

14:12-˛17:˛ B A]-lmky Km\-Øn¬ XpS¿∂v,

_mt_¬ cmPm-hns‚ hogvN-bn¬ \n∂pw hnjbw Xs∂

I¿tΩm-’p-I-\m-°nb kmØm-\n-te°v (eq-kn-^¿)(25)

\ofp-I-bm-Wv. “InkvXphns‚ kam\ hnh-cWw sIm≠pw

(eq-t°m.10:18), kmØmt‚X-√msX a‰m-cp-tSbpw A[-c-

ß-fn¬ ImWm-Ø, sbi.14:13-˛14 hmIy-ß-fnse ]Z-]-

tbm-K-ß-fnse s]mcp-Ø-an-√m-bva-sIm≠pw (1 Xnsam. 3:6,

ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I) CXv \n›-b-ambpw kmØms\

Ipdn-®p-ff Hcp kqN-\-bm-sW-∂p-f-f-Xn¬ kwi-b-an√” (26)

F∂mWv ssddo-bpsS A`n-]m-bw. ]`mX kqcy-\mb Cu

Acp-tWm-Zb ]pX≥ ssZthm-t±-i-Øn\p AXo-X-amb

Xs‚ k¶¬∏-ßƒ sIm≠v Al-¶m-c-tØmsS Ah-Im-

i-hmZw D∂-bn-®-Xn-\m¬ kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw X≈-s∏-

´p. “Rm≥ C∂n-∂Xp sNøpw” F∂v ssZhsØ [n°-cn-

®p-sIm-≠p-ff kmØms‚ Ip’nX hm°p-Iƒ 13,14

hmIy-ß-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ahs\ Hcp

sbi-ømhv 13,14

846

B›-cy-h-kvXp-hmbn HSp-hn¬ ]mXm-f-Ø\p G¬∏n®p

sImSp-°pw. D∂-Xm-[n-Im-c-Øn-en-cp∂ Hcp-h≥ CX-amXw

XmgvØ-s∏-´Xp I≠v ]mXmf ]uc-∑m¿ AXn-i-bn®p

t]mIpw.

14:18-˛21:˛ ]e cmPm-°-∑mcpw cmP-Iob ]uVn-bp-

ff I√-d-I-fn¬ InS-°p-tºmƒ am\y-amb Hc-S-°w-t]mepw

Ah\p \ntj-[n-°-s∏-´p-sh∂v _mt_¬ cmPm-hn-te°v

aS-ßn-hcp∂ ]mń¬ kqNn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ahs‚ t]cn¬

Hcp kvamcIw D≠m-I-bn-√, Ahs‚ cmP-Iob k¥m\

]cº (a-°ƒ) tOZn-°-s∏-Spw.

14:22,23:˛ _mt_¬ ]´Ww P\-hm-k-an-√msX iq\y-

am-Ibpw ssZhw Xs‚ Nqep-sIm≠v AXns\ XqØp-

hmcn hrØn-bm-°bpw sNøpw.

2. Aiq-cns‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (14:24-˛27)

Ct∏mƒ _mt_-ens‚ ta¬ B[n-]Xyw ÿm]n-®n-

cn-°p∂ Aiq-cns‚ \mi-Øn-te°v hnjbw amdn-bn-cn-°-

bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]¿∆-X-ß-fn¬ h®v Aiq¿

ssk\yw XI¿°-s∏-Spw.27 CΩm-\p-th-ens‚ tZi-Øn\p

t\sc hoin-b-Sn-°p-hm≥ ian-°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬

hSt° cmPmhv tXm¬∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmb ]oVm-Im-eØv

Cu ]h-N\w ]q¿Æ-ambpw \nd-th-‰-s∏-Spw.

3. sênkvXy tZi-Øn-t∑-ep-ff \ymb-hn[n

(14:28-˛32)

14:28˛31:˛ sên-kvXysc BI-an® (2 Zn\. 26:6,7)

D n-bm-hns‚ sIm®p aI-\mb (C-hnsS hSn F∂m-Wp

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv) Blm-kns‚ ac-W-Øn¬ sên-kvXy-

tZiw kt¥m-jn-∏n-t°-≠-Xn-√. Ahs‚ ]n≥Km-an-bmb

lnkv°nbmhv AW-en-t]m-sebpw ]d-°p∂ A·n k¿∏w

t]msebpw (2 cmP. 18:8 t\m°p-I) Ahsc BI-an-°pw.

ssZh P\-Ønse Acn-jvS-∑mcpw Ahs\ icWw ]m]n-

°p-∂-hcpw At∏mƒ kpc-£n-X-cm-bn-cn°pw; F∂m¬

btlmh sên-kvXysc £maw sIm≠p kµ¿in®v Ah-

cpsS tijn-∏ns\ sIm∂p If-bpw. AI-an-I-fmb Aiq-

cy¿ Hcp ]pI-]-Sew t]mse hS-°p-\n∂p hcpw. Fß-s\-

bm-bn-cp-∂mepw ssZh-Øns‚ P\w sbcp-i-te-an¬ kpc-

£n-X-cm-bn-cn-°pw.

14:32:˛ F¥mWp \S-°p-∂-sX∂v PmXn-I-fmb

hm¿Øm-hm-l-I¿ Bsc-¶nepw tNmZn-®m¬ btlmh

kotbm-t\m-Sp-ff Xs‚ hmKvZØw \nh¿Øn®v sbcp-

itew \nhm-kn-Isf kwc-£n-°p-I-bm-sW∂v Ah-tcmSp

]d-bpw.

4. tamhm-_ns‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A.15,16)

15:1˛7:˛ tamhm-_ns‚ \misØ Ipdn®v kv]jvS-ambn

kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp hnem-]-Km\w sbi-ømhv ]mSp-I-bm-

Wv. Dd-∏p-ff tIm -I-fn¬ ]Wn-b-s∏´ AXnse c≠p ] -

W-ß-fmb B¿ ]-´-Whpw Io¿ ]´-Whpw s]mSp-∂-\sh

\in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. \K-c-ßfpw sNdp-Km-a-ßfpw Hcp-

t]mse ZpxJ-Øn-em-gvØ-s∏-Sp-∂p. tZiw hn´p HmSn-t∏m-

Ip∂ A -bm¿∞n-I-tem-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ sbi-øm-hns‚

t]mepw a\- -en-bp-I-bm-Wv. ]IrXn Zriy-ßƒ \jvS-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂, \mi-\-jvS-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Xßƒ°p Ign-bp-

∂-sX√mw hos≠-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v P\-ßƒ AXn¿Øn

IS∂p ]h-ln-°p-I-bm-Wv.

15:8,9:˛ \ne-hnfn tamhm-_ns‚ AXn¿Øn hsc FØn-

bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. 2˛mw hmIy-Ønse Zot_m≥ (D-XvI-WvT-

s∏-Sp-∂) ]´-W-Øns‚ t]cv 9˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ Zotam≥

F∂m-bn-cn-°p∂p ˛ Zmw (dam ˛-c‡w) F∂ F_mb

]Z-Øn\v kZr-i-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠vv Hcp-]t£ AXv

hm°p-I-fpsS Hcp ]tbm-K-am-Imw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv

“Zotam\nse Pem-i-b-ßƒ c‡w sIm≠p \nd-™n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv”. c£-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ t]mepw Hcp knwl-Øm¬

F∂-t]mse sIWn-bn-em-°-s∏-Spw.

16:1,2:˛ tamhm-_ns\ iq\y-am-°p-∂Xp kw_-‘n-®p-

ff hnh-c-W-ßƒ 16-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv.

A`-b-Øn-\mbn tke-bn-te°v (G-tZm-ans‚ Xe-ÿm\w

˛ ]tXmkv) HmSn-t∏mb tamhm-_y-tcmSv Xßƒ apºv ia-

cy-bn-te°v Ip™m-Sp-Isf Ab-®-Xp-t]mse (2 cmP 3:4)

tZim-[n-]-Xn°p th≠n-bp-ff (b-lqZ cmPm-hv) Ah-cpsS

kvXpXyp-]-lmc Ip™m-Sp-Isf kotbm≥ ]pXn-bpsS

(sb-cp-i-tew) ]¿∆-X-Øn-te°p sImSp-Ø-b-bv°p-hm≥

Btem-N\ ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. Bk-∂-am-bn-cn-°p∂ AXym-

]Øp kw_-‘n®p P\-ßƒ ]cn-`-a-tØmsS CfIn adn-

™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

16:3˛5:˛ ssZh-Øns‚ blqZm `jvS-∑m-sc, Ccp≠

Hcp \ng-en≥ Iogn¬ BsW-¶n¬ t]mepw Hfn-∏n®v

Ah¿°v A -bhpw kwc-£-Whpw \¬Ip-hm≥ btlmh

tamhm-_ns\ D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ih¿®-°m-c-\pw, ]oV-

I-\pw, Nqj-I-\p-am-b-h≥ Ah-km-\n-°pw. ]Icw Zmho-

Zns‚ knwlm-k-\-Øn-en-cp∂v btlmh Zb-tbm-Sp, \ymb-

tØm-Spw, \oXn-tbm-Spw, t\tcmSpw `cWw \S-Øpw.

16:6˛12:˛ tamhm-_ns‚ \miw Ahs‚ \nKfw

sIm≠pw K¿∆w sIm≠p-amWv kw -hn-®-Xv. tZiØv BI-

am\w ZpxJhpw hnem-]hpw D≠m-Ipw. ê-`q-bn-jvT-amb

slivt_m≥ hb-ep-Iƒ Xcn-im-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. in_va-

bnse taØ-c-amb ap¥ncn hf-fn-Iƒ \in-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. tZi-hym-]-I-amb \mi-Øn¬ ]hm-N-I≥

ho≠pw kzbw hne-]n-°p-I-bm-Wv. tamhm_v Xß-fpsS

hnK-l-ß-tfmSp ]m¿∞n-®mepw klmbw e`n-°-bn-√.

16:13,14:˛ tamhm-_ns‚ A[x-]-X-\sØ Ipdn-®p-ff

ssZh-Øns‚ apºsØ ]h-N-\-ß-sfm-sSm-∏w, Iqen-°m-

cs‚ B≠p-t]msebpff aq∂p B≠n-\-Iw- -F-∂p-h-®m¬

ssIs°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ ka-b-tØ-°mƒ Hcp an\n- p-t]mepw

IqSp-I-bn√ F∂¿∞w˛ AXp kw -hn°pw F∂p-ff Adn-

bn-∏p-IqsS Ah-\n-t∏mƒ tN¿°p-I-bm-Wv.

5. ZtΩti°ns‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A.17)

17:1˛3:˛ Acm-ans‚ kJy-\-Kc cmjvS-amb ZtΩ-

ti°pw AXns‚ BinX ]´-W-ßfpw \nc-∏m-°p-∂-

Xns\ Ipdn-®mWv aq∂m-asØ Acp-f-∏mSv ap∂-dn-bn∏p

sbi-ømhv 14,15,16,17

847

\¬Ip-∂-Xv. Acm-ap-am-bp-ff kJyX \nanØw F -bnapw

(bn-km-tb¬) AXn-t\mSp kam-\-amb Hcp A[x-]-X\w

]¶n-tS≠n hcpw. F -bn-an\p kpc-£n-X-Xzhpw ZtΩ-ti-

°n\p cmP-Xzhpw tijn-°p∂ Acm-ay¿°p Xß-fpsS

al-Xzhpw \jvS-am-Ipw. ZtΩ-ti°v B.C.732-˛¬ Aiqcy

ssk\y-Øm¬ \in-∏n-°-s∏´p; AXn\p ]Øp h¿j-

ßƒ°p tijw iacy A[x-]-Xn-®p.

17:4˛6:˛ \ymb-hn[n \mfp-I-fn¬ bnkm-tb¬ \nµn-°-

s∏Spw Blm-c-an-√msX he-™p-a-cn-°pw. c^mbow

Xmgvhcbnse sImbvØp Ign™ hb¬t]mse tIhew

Npcp-°-amb Hcp tijn-∏ns\ amXw Ah-ti-jn-∏n-®p-

sIm≠v AXv Bbn-Øo-cpw.

17:7˛11:˛ At∏mƒ P\w Xß-fpsS kjvSmhpw bnkm-

tb-ens‚ ]cn-ip-≤-\p-amb Pohn-°p∂ kXy ssZh-Øn-

¶-te°p Xncn-bp-Ibpw hnK-lm-cm-[-\-tbm-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬ sNbvXp-h∂ kI-e-hn[ Inb-Ifpw Dt]-£n-°bpw

sNøpw. bnkm-tb¬ Iog-S-°nb Atamcy ]´-W-ß-tf-

bpw lnhy ]´-W-ß-tfbpw t]mse tIm´ sIń Dd-∏n®

B ]´-W-ßƒ iq\y-ambn InS-°pw. F¥p-sIm-≠mWv

Ch-sb√mw kw -hn-°p-∂Xv? ImcWw ssZh-Øns‚ P\w

Ahs\ ad∂v A\y tZißfn¬ \n∂p-ff h≈n-I-fn-

te°v F∂p-h-®m¬ A\y tZi-°m-cp-am-bp-ff kJy-X,

Ah-cpsS aX-hn-izm-k-ßƒ, Ah-cpsS BNm-c-ßƒ

F∂nh ˛ Xncn-™p. AXn-Zm-cp-W-am-bn-cn°pw Ah-cpsS

hnf-sh-Sp-∏v.

17:12-˛14:˛ 12-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ XpSßn, 18-˛mw A≤ym-b-

Ønepw \ofw XpS-cp∂ “im]tØmsS” Bcw`n-°p∂

c≠p hnj-b-ßƒ \nanØw ChnsS \ap°v sNdn-sbmcp

CS-th-f-bp-≠v. B[p-\nI bp≤-Øns‚ bm-\-I-amb apg-

°-tØmSp IqsS bnkm-tb-en\p t\sc hcp∂ PmXob

cmjvS-ß-sf-bmWv BZysØ hnjbw NnXo-I-cn-°p∂Xv.

F∂m¬ s]s´∂v Ah¿ btlm-h-bm¬ ]n¥n-cn-b-s∏-Spw,

Aiq¿ ssk\y-Øns‚ \mi-Øn¬ F∂-t]mse bnkm-

tb-en\p t\scbpff òjWn H‰-cmXn sIm≠p \oßn-

t∏m-Ipw.

6. B^n-°-bnse t]cp-]-d-b-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ tZi-ß-

fpsS taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A.18)

CsXmcp “im]a√”(28) adn®v Hcp IjvS-am-Wv, bnkm-

tb-ens‚bSp-°¬ ZqX-∑msc Ab-bv°p∂ t]cp ]d-b-

s∏-ń-ń-√mØ Hcp kulrZ PmXob cmjvSsØ A`n-

kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-≠p-ff Hcp hnfn-bm-WXv (hm.

2,7). “NndIp Incp-In-cp-°p∂p” F∂ ]kvXmhw blqZm

P\sØ kwc-£n°phm\p-ff BK-l-sØ-bmhmw Hcp-

]t£ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

AtX-k-a-bØp Xs∂ Ah≥ kzÿ-ambn t\m°n-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ a‰p PmXob cmjvS-ßƒ ssZh-P-

\sØ sIm≈-bn-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ BXy-¥n-I-ambn ssZhw

Ahsc \in-∏n-°pw, Ah-cpsS ih-ßƒ IgpIpw arK-

ßfpw Xn∂p-I-f-bpw.

At∏mƒ btlm-h-bv°p-ff Hcp Xncp-ap¬°m-gvN-bmbn

bnkm-tb¬ kntbm≥ ]¿∆-X-Øn¬ hcpw. 7˛mw hmIyw

Cßs\ hmbn-°mw: NnX-d-s∏- -hcpw XI¿°-s∏- -h-cp-amb

Hcp P\-Øns‚ Xncp-ap¬°mgvN A∂m-fn¬ btlm-

hbv°p sIm≠p-hcpw. “(JND), A√msX “P\Øn¬

\n∂p-ff Hcp Xncp-ap¬°mgvN” A√. InkvXphns‚

c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ bnkm-tb¬ ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\

Ipdn-®mWv ChnsS ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

7. ank-bo-ans‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A. 19,20)

19:1˛3:˛ ank-bo-ans‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn-[n-°mbn

btlmh Cdßn hcp-tºmƒ, an∞ym-aq¿Øn-Iƒ \Sp-ßp-

Ibpw P\w ]cn-`m-¥-cmbn Xocp-Ibpw sNøpw. B`y-

¥c Iem-]-ßƒ s]mń-∏p-d-s∏-Spw. c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-IfpsS

tijvT _p≤n, an∞ym aq¿Øn-I-fnepw ]e-hn[ a¥-hm-

Z-ß-fnepw hy¿∞-ambn Bi-bn-°pw.

19:4˛10:˛ Iqc-\m-sbmcp tkz—m-[n-]Xn tZisØ `cn-

°pw. Kpcp-X-c-am-b Hcp hcƒ® tZisØ Pe-hn-X-c-WsØ

DW°n If-bp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Irjn-\m-i-Øn-\pw, a’y-hn-]-

W\w At»jw C√m-sX-bm-°p-∂-Xn-\pw, XpWn-an-√p-Iƒ

AS®p ]q´p-∂-Xn-\pw, kmam\y P\tam tijvT-P-\tam

F∂p-th≠ kIe P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fp-tSbpw \mi-Øn\pw

AXp Imc-W-ambn Xocp-∂p.

19:11-˛15:˛ tkmh-\nepw t\m^nepw ]m¿°p∂ ^d-

thms‚ tijvT-a-¥n-am¿°v hnP-b-I-c-amb \ne-bn¬ B

kml-N-cy-ß-tfm-sSXn¿Øp \n¬°p-hm≥ X° ⁄m\-

an-√. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ank-bn-an¬ \miw sIm≠p-h-∂Xv

Ah-cpsS D]-tZ-i-ß-fm-Wv. kml-N-cy-ßƒ Ct∏mƒ Bi-

b‰ \ne-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv.

BZysØ ]Xn-\©p hmIy-ßƒ CXn-t\m-SIw \nd-

th-‰-s∏´p Ign-™p. sbi-øm-hns‚ ]h-N\ ImeØv

ankbnw cn-®n-cp∂ Xn¿lm-°m-bpsS ac-WsØ XpS¿∂v

cmPyw B`y¥c bp≤-Øm¬ On∂-`n-∂-am-°-s∏-´p.

ankbnw ]¥≠p cmPy-ß-fmbn hn`-Pn-°-s∏´p; Ah-

sb√mw Aiq-cns‚ A[o-\-X-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ 4˛mw

hmIy-Ønse “Iqc bP-am-\-\mbn” ktΩ‰o°-kns‚

(psammetichus) Iogn¬ tZiw GIo-I-cn-°-s∏-Spw.

A≤ym-b-Øns‚ _m°n-`mKw C\nbpw \nd-th-‰-s∏-ń-ń-

√.

19:16,17:˛ ssZhw Xs‚ apjvSn Hmßp-tºmƒ P\-sa√mw

t]Sn®p hnd-bv°p-∂p. blq-Zsb Ipdn®v tIhew kqNn-

∏n-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ ank-bo-ay-cpsS lrZbw £oWn-°p-

hm≥ Imc-W-ambn Xocp-∂p.

19:18-˛20:˛ F∂m¬ ankbnw tZi-Øn\v Hcp ]p\-cp-

≤m-cWw hmKvZØw sNø-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. \mi-]-´Ww F∂-

dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ slen-tbm-t]m-eokv (kq-cy-\-K-cw) Dƒs∏sS

A©p ] -W-ßƒ btlm-h-bpsS Bcm-[\ tIµ-ß-fmbn

Xocpw. A∂m-fn¬ ankbnw tZiØns‚ \Sp-hn¬

btlmhbv°p Hcp bmK ]oThpw AXns‚ AXn¿Øn-

bn¬ btlm-hbv°p Hcp XqWpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Ah

c≠pw btlm-hbv°v Hcp km£y-ambncn°pw. B.C. 1˛mw\q‰m-≠n¬ sbcp-i-te-an¬ \n∂pw HmSn-t∏m-b, alm-]ptcm-

sbi-ømhv 17,18,19

848

ln-X-\mb Hm\n-bmkv ank-bo-an¬ Hcp bmK ]oTw ]Wn-

bp-hm≥ A\p-aXn t\Sn-b-t∏mƒ 19- mw hmIy-Ønse ]h-

N\w \nhr-Øn-bm-b-Xmbn tPmkn-^kv ]d-bp-∂p.

F∂m¬ ]h-N-\-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ Dt±iyw kl-km_vZ

hmgvNm kw_-‘-am-bp-f-f-Xm-sW-∂-Xn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-

b-hp-an-√.

19:21,22:˛ Xs∂ Bcm-[n-∏m≥ P\sØ Iqń-h-cp-Øp-

∂-Xn-t\mSpff _‘-Øn¬ ank-bo-ans‚ taep-ff

ssZhoI \ymb-hn[n e]Z-am-bn-cn-°pw.

19:23:˛ A\n-b-¥nX ]bm-W-ap-ff Hcp s]cp-hgn ank-

bo-an¬ \n∂pw(bn-km-tb-en¬ IqSn) Aiq-cn-te°v D≠m-

Ipw. btlm-hsb Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn¬ PmXn-Iƒ H∂n-°pw.

19:24,25:˛ A∂m-fn¬ bnkm-tb¬ ank-bn-an-t\mSpw

Aiq-cn-t\mSpw IqsS aq∂n¬ Hcph-\m-bn-cn-°pw, F∂p-h-

®m¬ InkvXp-hns‚ cmP-Xz-Øns‚ A\p-K-l-ßƒ A\p-

`-hn-°p∂ Hcp XncmjvS kJyw Ah¿ cq]o-I-cn-°pw.

ChnsS “A∂m-fn¬” F∂p-ff Bh¿Ø\w i≤n-°pI

(hm.16,18,19,21,23,24).

20:1˛6:˛ B.C. 711˛¬ X¿Øm≥, AXm-bXv Biq¿

cmPm-hmb k¿t§ms‚ tk\m-[n-]Xn sênkvXy ] -W-

amb AkvtXmXv Iog-S-°n. B Ime-Øp- X-s∂, ank-

bn-an-t\bpw Iqin-t\bpw Aiq¿ Iog-S-°p-tºmƒ D≠m-

Ip∂ aq∂p-h¿jsØ A]-am-\-Øn-\p-ff Hcp AS-bm-fhpw

A¤pX-hp-sa-t∂m-Ww, \·-\mbpw (I-jvSn®v hkvXw

[cn®v ˛ A√msX ]q¿Æ-ambpw \·-\m-bn-´-√) sNcn-∏n-

Sm-sXbpw \S-°p-hm≥ btlmh sbi-øm-hn-t\mSp ]d-

™p. Aiq-cn¬ \n∂p-ff kwc-£m¿∞w ank-bn-ans\

Bibn®Xn-ep-ff t`mjØw A∂p blqZm P\w

ImWpw. 5,6 hmIy-ßƒ sên-kvXy-cm-b, As√-¶n¬

sên-kvXy-tcbpw blq-Z-tb-bptam ˛ F∂p-h-®m¬ ]e-

kvXo≥ apgp-h≥ ˛ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv (Nne

hymJym-Xm-°ƒ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv).(29)

8. _mt_-ens‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (21:1˛10)

21:1˛4:˛ 21- mw A≤ym-b-Ønse aq∂p Acp-f-∏m-SpIƒ,

_mt_¬, GtZmw, Ad-_n-tZiw F∂n-hsb Ipdn-®p-ff

Zu¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb h¿Ø-am-\-amWv \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

_mt_-emWv kap-Z-Xo-csØ acp-`qan; Hcp ]t£

_mt_-ens‚ B `mKw t]¿jy≥ Dƒ°-S-en-t\mSp

sXm´p InS-°p∂ ÿe-am-bn-cn-°mw. acp-`q-an-bn¬ \n∂p-

ff Npg-en-°m-‰p-t]mse \miw AXns‚ ta¬ Cc-ºp-

∂p. AXn-t∏mgpw Ih¿® sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sImf-f-b-Sn-

°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, taZy-cmepw (ta-Zy)

]m¿ky-cmepw (G-emw) AXv XmgvØ-s∏-Spw. blqZ ASn-

a-Isf t]mse, _mt_¬ C\n-sbm-cn-°epw a‰p-f-f-h-cpsS

Rc-°-Øn\p Imc-W-ambn Xocp-I-bn-√, sbi-øm-hn¬

Xoh-amb am\-knI thZ\ Df-hm°pw hn[w B Z¿i\w

`bm-\-I-am-Wv.

21:5:˛ km¶¬∏nI kpc£m kwhn-[m-\-ß-fpsS cmPm-

°-∑m¿ Xn∂p IpSn®p aZn-°p-tºmƒ s]mSp-∂-\sh Bbp-

[-ßƒ Bh-iy-s∏- p-sIm-≠p-ff hnfn Db¿∂p (“]cnNsb

FÆ ]qip-hn≥”). s_Xvi- -dns‚ hncp-∂ns\bmWv

ChnsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv F∂-Xn-\m¬ X¿°-an√ (Zm-\n.5).

21:6-˛10:˛ AI-an-I-fmb Ih¿®m kwLsØ Ipdn-®v,

]tXy-Im¬ FÆ-a‰ IpXn-c-∏-Ssb Ipdn-®p-ff hnh-c-ßƒ

\¬Ip-∂-Xn\v Hcp Imh¬°m-cs\ \nb-an-°p-hm≥

btlmh sbi-øm-hn-t\mSp \n¿t±-in-®p. Nne cm]-I-ep-

Iƒ Imh¬ \n∂p Ign-™-t∏mƒ, Cuc-≠n-c-≠mbn Ibdn

hcp∂ IpXn-c-∏-Ssb Ipdn-®p-ff Adn-bn∏v Ah≥ \¬In.

CXv taZy ]m¿ky ssk\y-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mImw kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xv. A\-¥cw _mt_-ens‚ hogvN-sb-°p-dn®pw

AhfpsS hnK-l-ß-tfm-Sp-ff `‡nsb Ipdn®pw Hcp

knwlw Ae-dp-∂-Xp-t]mse Ah≥ hnfn®p ]d-™p.

_mt_-en-\m¬ saXn-°-s∏´pw ]m‰-s∏´pw Ign™ Hcp

cmjvS-sa∂ \ne-bn¬, bnkm-tb-ens\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw B ]Jym-]\w Hcp Bizmk ktµ-i-am-bn-cp-

∂p. _mt_-ens‚ A[x]X-\-Øn\v GI-tZiw Ccp-∂qdp

h¿j-ßƒ°p apºp-ff ]h-N\-am-Wn-sX∂ Imcyw

]tXyIw Hm¿t°-≠-Xp -≠v. ssZh cmPy-Øns‚

Imh¬°mc-\m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ \ap°pw Ign-bpw.

ssZhoI D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ \n¬°p∂ Hcp-h-\mWv Hcp

Imh¬°mc≥. F¥mWv kw -hn-°p-∂-sX∂v Ah≥ Adn-

Ibpw AXp ]Xo-£n°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-t]mse

C∂pw, ssZhoI hmKvZ-Ø-ß-f-S-ßnb ]q¿Æ Xncp-sh-gp-

Øn¬ \n∂pw ]Tn-°p∂ Hcp-hs\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw

Ah≥ ssZhoI Dt±iyw a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv ssk≤m-

¥nI hymJym-\-ß-fm-e√ adn-®v, Xncp-h-N-\-`m-K-ßsf

XΩn¬ Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv a‰p-f-f-hsc ]t_m-[n-∏n-∏m\pw

X¿÷\w sNøm\pw ]cym-]vX-amb kv]jvS-amb hnj-b-

ßƒ AXn-ep-f-fXv Ah≥ kzoI-cn-°p-I-bmWp sNøp-∂-

Xv. Ah≥ ssZh-hp-am-bp-ff Iq´mbva _‘-Øn¬ Imh¬

tKm]pcØnem-bn-cn-°p∂p (hm.7)(30)

9. Zqa-bpsS \ymb-hn[n (21:11,12)

Zqa F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv CZq-an-btbm GtZmtam

BWv. DXvI-WvTm-Ip-e-\mb Hcp GtZmay≥ Imh¬°m-c-

t\mSv cmXn F¥mbn F∂p tNmZn-°p-I-bmWv; F∂p

h®m¬ Aiq-cns‚ ojWn Gsd-°psd Xo¿t∂m F∂m-

Wv. AXn-\p-ff adp-]Sn:

D]-Z-h-Øn-t‚-Xmb \ns‚ Ct∏m-gsØ cmXn Ah-

km-\n®v ]pXn-sbmcp ]`mXw hcpw; F∂m¬ s]s´∂p

Xs∂ ASpØ cmXn hs∂-Øpw. DXvI-WvTm-]q¿∆-ap-ff

\ns‚ At\z-j-W-Øn\p Bizmk ]Z-amb Hcp adp-]Sn

thW-sa-¶n¬ B \o “aSßn-h-tc-Ww”. A\p-Xm-]sØ

A¿∞-am-°p∂ Hcp hm°mWnXv. F¶n¬ amXta B

adp-]Sn \o ]Xo-£n-°p∂ Xc-Øn-em-I-bp-ffq; \ns‚

IjvS-X-bp-tS-Xmb cmXn Ah-km-\n°pw; Aßs\ hnSp-

X-ens‚ tim`-bm¿∂ Hcp ]pXnb ]`mXw \ns‚ ta¬

DZn-°pw.(31)

10. Ad_n tZi-Øn≥ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (21:13˛17)

Ad-_n-tZ-i-Øn\p apºn¬ IjvS-X-I-fp-≠v. Aiq¿

ssk\ysØ `b∂v km¿∞ hmlI kwLw Imń¬

sbi-ømhv 19,20,21

849

Hfn°pw (cm-]m¿°pw), Iq´-s°m-e-bn¬ \n∂pw c£-s∏-

Sp-∂-h¿ ISpØ hni∏pw Zmlhpw A\p-`-hn-°pw. Hcm-

≠n\Iw Ad-_n-tZ-i-Øns‚ al-Xz-sam-t°bpw £bn®p

t]mIpw, hoc-∑m-cmb hn√m-fn-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ tijn-

°p-∂-h¿ Npcp-°-am-bn-cn°pw F∂v ssZhw Acp-fn-sN-

bvXn-cn-°p-∂p. “Iqen°m-cs‚ B≠p-t]m-se-bp-ff Hcm≠v”F∂ ]kvXmhw sIm≠¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Hcp h¿j-Øn-

\-∏pdw Hcp Znhkw t]mepw IqSp-I-bn-s√-∂m-Wv.

11. sbcp-i-te-ans‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A.22)

22:1˛5:˛ Z¿i-\-Ømgvhc kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv sbcp-i-te-

an-s\-bm-Wv. (hm.9- 11 t\m°p-I). ]´Ww \ntcm-[n-°-s∏´

Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wv. ]th-i\ Ihm-S-Øn-¶se iXp-°sf

ImWp-hm≥ P\-ß-sf√mw hoSp-I-fpsS apI-fn¬ Ib-dp-

hm≥ _≤-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. D√-knX \K-c-Øns‚ hoYn-Iƒ

ssZh-in-£-bm¬ lX-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°-∂-hsc sIm≠v \m\m

hn[-am-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ ian-°p∂ A[n-

]-Xn-amcpw P\-ßfpw \njv]-bmkw _≤-cm-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂p. sbcp-i-te-ans‚ ta¬ hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ ssZhoI

\ymb-hn[n I≠ sbi-ømhv kzbw Biz-kn-∏m≥ Ign-

bmØh\m-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv.

22:6˛11:˛ _mt_¬ ssk\y-Øns‚ hS°pw sX°p-

ap-ff `mK-ßfmWv Gemw, Io¿ F∂n-h. Ah-cpsS cY-

ßfpw IpXnc∏SIfpw \K-c-Øn\p Np‰p-ap-ff XmgvhIsf

\nd-bv°p-∂p. Cu \ntcm-[-\sØ sNdp-°p-hm-\p-ff hn]p-

e-amb ]≤-Xn-Iƒ blq-Z-∑m¿ Xøm-dm-°p-∂p. Ah¿

Bbp[∏pc-I-sf√mw (h-\-Kr-lw) kq£va ]cn-tim-[\

sNøp-∂p. aXn-ep-I-fpsS A‰-Ip-‰-∏Wn sNøp-hm-\p-ff I√p-

Iƒ°p-th≠n Ah¿ hoSp-Iƒ s]mfn®p If-bp-∂p. Pe-

hn-X-cWw X¬°m-tem-]-bp-‡-amb hn[-Øn¬ Bkq-

XWw sNøp-hm≥ ian-°p∂ Cu Imcy-ß-sf√mw

sNbvsX-¶nepw, Cu AXym-]Øp ]≠p ]t≠ \ncq-]n-

®-h\pw AXp hcp-Øn-b-h-\p-amb Xß-fpsS kjvSm-hn-

¶-te°v Ah¿ t\m°n-bn-√.

22:12˛14:˛ A\p-Xm-]-Øn-\mbn ssZhw Ahsc hnfn-®-

Im-eØv Ah¿ AS-°-an-√msX ITn\ lrZ-b-ap-f-f-h-cmbn

Pohn®p AXp-sIm-≠p-Xt∂ ssZhw Ah-tcmSp £an-°-

bn-√.

22:15˛19:˛ lnkv°n-bm-hns‚ sIm´m-c-Ønse cmP-[m\n

hnNm-c-I-\m-bn-cp∂ si_v\ X\n-°p-th≠n Hcp I√d

sImØn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Xs‚ ]b-Xv\-ß-sf√mw hrYm-hm-

sW∂v ssZhw sbi-øm-hn-eqsS Ahs\ Adn-bn-°p-∂p.

Npg-‰n-sb-dn™ Hcp ]¥p-t]mse btlmh Ahs\ ]hm-

k-Øn-te°v Xq°n-sb-SpØp Fdn™p If-bpw. A\y-tZ-

iØp h®v Ah≥ acn-°p-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬ hf-sc-°mew

Hm¿Ωn-°-s∏-Spw. ank-bo-ap-am-bp-ff kJyw ip]m¿i

sNbvX kwLsØ \bn-®Xv Hcp-]t£ si_v\-bm-bn-cn-

°mw.

22:20-˛24:˛ si_v\ A[n-Imc ÿm\Øp \n∂p am‰-

s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ahs‚ ÿm\Øv Feym-°o-ans\ \nb-

an°pw (ssZhw ÿm]n-°pw). tbip I¿Øm-hns‚ Hcp

\ng-em-bn-cn-°p∂ Feym°ow B¿Z-Nn-Ø\pw DØ-c-hm-

Zn-Ø-ap≈ Hcp ]q¿Æ A[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. ZmhoZp

Krl-Øns‚ Xmt°m¬(32) Ah\p \¬I-s∏-Spw. cmP-k`

\nb-¥n-°p-∂Xpw cmP- r-Xy-∑msc Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂Xpw

Ah-\m-bn-cn-°pw. (shfn 3:7 ¬, ZmhoZp Krl-Øns‚

Xmt°m¬ tbip I¿Øm-hns‚ ]°-em-sW∂v ]d-b-s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂p). Feym°ow Bÿm-\Øv AN-©-e-\mbn

\nb-an-°-s∏-ń-cn-°pw. Xs‚ HutZym-KnI taJ-e-bpsS

]q¿Æ A[n-Imcw Ah-\m-bn-cn-°pw.

22:25:˛ Feym°ow Dd-∏p-ff ÿeØp ASn-°-s∏´

BWn-bm-sW-∂p-f-fXv kv]jvS-am-bn-cns° (hm. 23a)

Ahs‚ ÿm\ `wihpw hogvNbpw blqZm Krl-Øns‚

ASn-a-Ø-sØ-bmIpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, ImcWw Ah-\-

Xns‚ Hcp ]Xn\n[n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

12. tkmcns‚ taep-ff \ymb-hn[n (A.23)

23:1˛5:˛ X¿io-in¬ \n∂pw (kvs]-bn-\mImw ChnsS

A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv) aS-ßn-h-cp∂ tkmcnse kap-Z-k-©m-

cn-Iƒ InØow tZiØv FØp-tºmƒ ] -W-Øns‚ A[x-

]-X-\sØ Ipdn-®p-ff h¿Ø-am\w Ah-c-dn-bp-∂p. Xß-

fpsS hoSp-Iƒ \in-∏n-°-s∏-´pw, aS-ßn-s®-√p-hm≥ Xpd-

ap-J-ßƒ C√m-sX-bp-an-cns° Ah¿ RSp-°-tØmsS \ne-

hn-fn-°p-∂p. Xß-fpsS Ab¬hmkn-I-fmb tkm¿ \nhm-

kn-Iƒ IS¬ IS∂p \oe \Zn-bn-¶¬ sN∂p (ko-tlm¿)

[m\yw sIm≠p h∂n-cp-∂-Xpw-, Ah¿ PmXn-I-fpsS h¿Ø-

I-∑m-cm -bn -cp∂sX]-Im-c -sa∂pw Hm¿Øp-sIm≠v

kntZm\y h¿Ø-I-∑m¿ kvXw`n-®n-cp-∂p-t]m-bn. tkmcns‚

Ah-in-jvS-ß-fn¬ B™-Sn-°p∂ Xnc-am-e-Iƒ ]´-W-

Øns‚ hnem]w ]Xn-[z-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v tkmcns‚ amXr-\-K-c-amb kotZm≥ e÷n®p

t]mIp-∂p. AXn¬ A[n-h-kn-∏n-°m≥ Xßƒ°n\n Ipń-

Iƒ C√m-Xn-cp-∂Xp t]mse Ah¿ hne-]n®p! ank-boapw

Xß-fpsS G‰hpw \√ CS-]m-Sp-Im¿ \jvS-s∏´ hm¿Ø-

b-dn™v hyk-\n-°p-I-bm-Wv.

23:6˛9:˛ Zqsc-bp≈ kvs]bn-\n¬ (X¿io-iv) A`-b-

ÿm\w At\z-jn-°p-hm≥ tkm¿ \nhm-kn-I-tfmSv Bh-

iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]pcm-X-\-ambn ]t≠-bp-ff D√-knX \K-c-

Ønse \nhm-kn-I-sf, Ct∏mƒ kz¥ Im¬ Xs∂ ZqcØp

]hm-k-Øn-\mbn hln®p sIm≠p t]mI-bm-Wv. ]Xm-

]hpw al-Xzhpw kI-e-hn[ [\-hp-ap -≠m-bn-cp∂

tkmcns‚ ta¬ Cu `b-¶-cXzw ]h¿Øn-®-Xmcv? a\p-

jy-cpsS kIe al-Xz-Øn-t‚bpw K¿∆sØ A]-am-\n-

°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p-sIm≠v ssk\y-ß-fpsS ssZh-amb

btlm-h-bm-bn-cp∂p AXp sNbvX-Xv.

23:10-˛17:˛ tkmcns‚ taep-ff s\_p-J-Zvt\-k-cns‚

BI-a-WsØ Ipdn-®p-ff ImgvN-∏m-Sn-emWv \Zn-t]mse

(A-t\I cmPy-ß-fn-eqsS Hgp-Ip∂ bq^-ńkv \Zn) Ihn-

s™m-gp-In A\y tZi-ß-fn-te°v c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ P\-

ß-tfmSp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hym]mc \K-csØ (I-\m≥)

\in-∏n-°p-hm≥ ssZhw _mt_-ens\ DW¿Øn. A`-

bm¿∞n-I-ƒ InØo-an-te°v HmSn-t∏m-bmepw AhnsS

sbi-ømhv 22,23

850

Ah¿°p kzÿX e`n-°-bn-√. Ffnb XpS-°-tØmsS

Aiq¿ ÿm]n-®, ]kn-≤n-b‰ Hcp cmPy-Øm¬ tkmcn\v

\miw hcp-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]hm-N-I≥ AXn-i-bn-®p-t]m-I-

bm-Wv. Fgp-]Xp h¿jsØ I¬Zb c-W-Im-eØv tkm¿

ad∂p InS-°pw. B Ime-L-´-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn-¶¬,

`qan-bnse kIe temI cmPy-ß-fp-am-bp-ff AXns‚

hym]mc thiym-hrØn AXv kt¥m-j-tØmsS ]p\-cm-

cw-`n-°pw.

23:18:˛ “tkm¿ \nhm-kn-Iƒ ImgvN-bp-ambn hcp-∂”(k¶o. 45:12) InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw-h-c-hn-s\-bmWv

“tkmcns‚ hym]m-chpw BZm-bhpw” ChnsS ap≥Iq´n

Z¿in-°p-∂Xv. Ah-cpsS \nt£]w btlm-hbv°v Hcp

hnip≤ hgn-]m-Sm-bn-cn-°pw.

13. kIe `qhm-kn-I-fptSbpw \ymb-hn[n (A.24)

24:1˛3:˛ ssZhnI \ymb-hn[n bnkm-tb¬ tZiØp

\n∂pw Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xm-bmWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬

`qan apgp-h≥ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v AXp hnkvXr-X-am-°-

s∏-Sp-IbmWv. ZpjvS-cmb kz¿§-hm-kn-Iƒt]mepw AXn¬

Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. “`qan” F∂ ]Zw Cw•ojv ss__n-fn¬

“The earth” F∂pw “The land” F∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn

]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v; 2˛mw hmIy-Ønse ]ptcm-ln-

X-∑msc kw_-‘n-®p-ff kqN-\-bn¬, 1˛3 hmIy-ß-fn¬

bnkm-tb¬ tZi-amWv IW-°n-seSpØn´pf-f-sX∂ A`n-

]m-b-am-Wp-f-f-Xv. tZi-Øn\pw P\-Øn-\pw at[y hnjbw

amdn-amdn hcp-∂-sX-ß-s\-sb∂v t\m°p-I. \miw cmjvSo-

btam kmaq-ln-Itam Bb alm t£m`-am-Wv, AsX√m

hn`m-K-°m-tcbpw Hcp-t]mse _m[n-°p-∂p.

24:4˛13:˛ \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS cwK-`qan hnkvXr-X-am-°p-

∂-Xm-bmWv 4˛mw hmIy-Ønse temIw (The world) F∂

]kvXmhw A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv. a\p-jy¿ \nXy \nb-a-Øn\p

`wKw hcp-Øn-b-XmWv tZi hym]-I-amb aen-\-Xbv°p

ImcWw. t\msslI DS-º-Snsb (D-ev]. 9:16) kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn\v Nne¿ Cu hmIyw FSp-°m-dp≠v, F∂m¬

\ncp-]m-[n-I-amb B DS-ºSn ]q¿Æ-ambpw ssZhsØ

Bi-bn-®m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tamssiI DS-º-Snsb CXv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn Nne¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]t£

AXv bnkm-tb-en\p amXw \¬I-s∏´ DS-º-Sn-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. Xs∂-bp-a√ AXv \nXy-\n-b-a-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-b-

s∏- n- p-an-√. “ssZh hN-\-a-\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v a\p-jy-cn¬

A¥¿eo-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ssZh-hp-am-bp-ff DS-ºSn”bmWnsX-∂mWv “Z ss__nƒ t\mfUvPv Ia≥Sn-bn¬”]dbp-∂-Xv.(33) iq\y ] -W-sa∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv sbcp-

i-te-ans\ Dt±-in-®m-hmw; F∂m¬ Ipd-®p-IqSn hn]p-e-

amb Hc¿∞-Øn¬ F√m \mK-cnI ]cn-jv°m-c-ßfpw

AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ømw.

24:14- 20:˛ kwc-£n-°-s∏´ Hcp tijn∏v btlm-h-sb,

Ahs‚ c£m ImcpWyw \nanØw hmgvØn-∏p-I-gvØp∂

]m´v A∂v tIƒ°pw.

A\-¥-cw, alm-]o-V-bpsS AXn- -b-¶-c-amb _o -’-

X-tbm¿Øv ]hm-N-I≥ hne-]n-°p-I-bm-Wv. hnizmk h©-

\-bp-tS-Xmb Hcp Ime-am-bn-cn°pw AXv. c£-s∏-Sp-I-sb-

∂Xv Akm-[yw. Hcp amtamØv (hw-i-\miw kw`-hn®

Hcp alm-ar-Kw) h∂n-Sn®v BSp-∂-Xp-t]mse `qan aØ-

s\-t∏mse Nm©m-Spw, C\n-sbmcn-°epw Fgp-t∂¬°m-

X-hÆw AXp hogp-∂p.

24:21-˛23:˛ Zpjv°¿Ωn-I-fmb kz¿-§ob ssk\yhpw

A∂m-fn¬ \ymbw hn[n-°-s∏-Spw. CXv shfn. 19:19,20;

20:1˛3 hmIy-ßƒ°p kZr-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS

B⁄m-\p-h¿Øn-I-fmb `qan-bnse cmPm-°-∑mcpw

InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶se Cu \ymb hn[n-bn¬

]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ipw. btlm-h-bpsS AXn-i-bn-∏n-°p∂ alXzw

I≠v kqcy Nµ-∑m¿ e÷n®p t]mIpw.

E. KoX-ß-fpsS ]pkvIw (A. 25-˛27)

1. cmPysØ A\p-K-l-ß-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

bnkm-tb-ens‚ kvXpXn KoXw (A. 25)

25:1˛5:˛ 25 -˛27 A≤ym -b -ßƒ “KoXßfpsS

]pkvXIw” F∂ t]cn-em-W-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ]p\-cp-≤-cn-

°-s∏´ blqZm tijn∏v alm ]oV-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw hnSp-

hn-®-Xn\v ChnsS btlm-hsb kvXpXn-°p-I-bm-Wv. PmXn-

Iƒ btlm-hbpsS i‡n a\- n-em-°-Ø°hÆw iXp

\K-c-ßsf (Hcp ]tXyI ] -W-Øns‚ t]cp ]d-b-s∏- n-

´n-√) s]mSn®p If-™p. Ah¿ Ah¿°m-h-iy-ap-f-f-sX-

√m-am-bn´v ssZhw Xs‚ P\-tØmSp IqsS-bp-≠v.

25:6˛9:˛ kntbm≥ ]¿∆-X-Øn¬ btlmh Bflob

kt¥m-j-ß-fpsS taØ-c-amb Hcp hncp∂v \nc-Øn-bn-cn-

°-bm-Wv. kIe hwi-ß-tfbpw ad-®n-cn-°p∂ A‘-X-

bp-tS-Xmb kmØm\y aqSp-]-Shpw A⁄-X-bpsS Bh-

c-Whpw Ah≥ \o°n-°-f-bp∂p. (]o-V-Im-eØv acn-®p-

t]mb hnip-≤-∑msc Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏n-®p-sIm-≠v)

Ah≥ ac-WsØ Iog-S-°p∂p; ZpxJw C√msXbm°p∂p;

blq-Zm-P-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw A]-am\w \o°n-°-f-bp-∂p.

A∂m-fn¬, “CXm \ΩpsS ssZhw; Ah-s\-btX \mw

ImØn-cp-∂Xv, Ahs‚ c£-bn¬ \ap°p B\-µn®p

kt¥m-jn°mw” F∂p blq-Zm-ti-jn∏v ]d-bpw.

25:10-˛12:˛ bnkm-tb-ens‚ iXp-°ƒ ˛ Hcp ]t£

AXnse ]Xn-\n-[n-bmhmw tamhm_v e÷m-]q¿∆w saXn-

°-s∏-Spw. tamhm-_y-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ \ymb-hn-[n-°mbn

ssIIƒ hncn-®n-cn-°p∂ ssZhsØ Hcp \o¥¬°m-c-

t\mSp ChnsS 11-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-

bmWv.

2. bpK-ß-fpsS ]md-bv°p-ff blq-Z-bpsS ]m v (A.26)

26:1˛4:˛ hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ tijn∏v tZiØv Ct∏mƒ

hnizm-k-Øn-t‚bpw Bi-b-Xz-Øn-t‚-Xp-amb Hcp PohnXw

BtLm-jn-°p-I-bm-Wv. a\p-jys‚ ]´-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw

XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp \K-c-amWv ssZh-Øn-t‚Xv

(24:10). btlm-h-tbmSv ]q¿Æ-ambn ]‰n-\n¬°p-∂-Xn-eqsS

e`y-am-°p∂ ]q¿Æ kam-[m\w \oXn-bp-ff PmXn (ho-

s≠-°-s∏´ bnkm-tb¬) Ct∏mƒ A\p- -hn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

sbi-ømhv 24,25,26

851

“ÿncam-\-k≥ \n∂n¬ Bibw h®n-cn-°-sIm≠v \o

Ahs\ ]q¿Æ kam-[m-\-Øn¬ Im°p∂p” F∂pff 3˛mw

hmIyw IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v ]kn≤ Ata-cn-°≥

_m]v‰nÃv kwKoX cN-bn-Xm-hmb ^nen-∏v. ]n. ªnkv,

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Ønse at‰Xp hmIy-tØ-°mfpw Xm≥ IqSp-

X¬ CjvS-s∏-Sp∂ hmIyw CXm-sW∂v ]d-bm-dp-≠v.(34)

3˛mw hmIysØ 4˛mw hmIy-hp-ambn Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂

hm°p-I-fm¬ aqUn _‘n-∏n-°p∂p: “bpKß-fpsS ]md-

bn≥ ]nf¿∏n¬ kam-[m\ hr£w AXns‚ thcq-∂n-bn-

cn-°p-∂p”.(35) btlmh-bmb bmln¬ (F-_mb mj-bn¬

bmlvsh (YHWH) bpsS Npcp° cq]-amWv bmlv (YAH)imizX-amb Hcp ]md AYhm bpK-ß-fn≥ ]md (NKJVam¿Pn≥) Ds≠∂v HSp-hn¬ Ah¿ a\- n-em-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Cw•ojv mj-bnse “bpKß-fn¬ ]md” (Rock of Ages)F∂pff ]kn-≤-amb ]mńs‚ Bibw Cu ]Z-]-tbm-

K-Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv AK-Ãkv tSm∏vte-Un°v Inń-b-Xv.

CSn-an-∂-temSp IqSnb Hcp sImSp-¶m-‰n¬, ISpw-Xq-°mb

]md-bpsS ]nf¿∏n¬ A`bw tXSn-s°m≠v Xm≥ FgpXn:

]nf¿s∂mcp ]mdsb

\n∂n¬ Rm≥ ad-bs´

Xpd∂ \n≥ N¶nse

c‡w Pew ]m]sØ

\o°n kpJw \¬Is´

ap‰pw c£n° Fs∂

F∂n-tem-Sp∂o izmkw

hns´≥ I¨ aßp-t∂cw

kz¿temI `mKyw tN¿∂p

\ns∂ Rm≥ ImWp-∂∂p

]nf¿s∂mcp ]md-sb,

\n∂n¬ Rm≥ ad-b-s´.

26:5,6:˛ Ffn-b-h-cpsS Imep-Ifpw Zcn-Z-∑m-cpsS Ime-

Sn-Ifpw D∂X \K-csØ Nhn- n-°-f-bØ° \ne-bn-te°v

a\p-jys‚ A`n-am\ tlXp-I-amb ]cn-jv°m-c-ßƒ

XmgvØ-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

26:7˛15:˛ 7˛19 hsc-bp-ff hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]oUmIm-

esØ tijn-∏ns‚ ]m¿∞\ Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xm-bmWv

ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. btlmh Ah¿°mbn ]mX \nc-Øn,

Xs∂-Øm≥ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bmWv Ah¿

hm©-tbmsS ImØn-cp-∂-Xv. ssZhw \ymbw hn[n-°p-

tºmƒ amXta Zpjv°¿Ωn-Iƒ \oXn ]Tn-°-bp-f-fq. Xøm-

sd-Sp-t∏msS Db¿∂n-cn-°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ ssI DK-tIm-

]-tØmsS XmgvØp-tºmƒ Ah¿ e÷n®p t]mIpw,

bnkm-tb-en¬ At∏mƒ kam-[m-\-am-bn-cn-°pw. PmXn-I-

fmb ]e I¿Øm-°-∑m-cm¬ tijn∏v `cn-°-s∏-ń-´p≠v;

F∂m¬ ssZhw amX-amWv Ah-cpsS icn-bmb GI

I¿Øm-hv. bnkm-tb-ens\ ]oUn-∏n® PmXn-Iƒ C\n-sbm-

cn-°epw ssZh-P-\sØ IjvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Fgp-t∂¬°-

bn-√. Cu hmIyw ZpjvS-∑m-cpsS imco-cnI Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂¬∏ns\ \ntj-[n-°p-I-b√ adn-®v, PmXob i‡n-Iƒ

C\n-sbm-cn-°epw ]_-e-s∏-Sp-I-bn-s√∂v Dd∏p \¬Ip-

I-am-X-amWv sNøp-∂-Xv.

26:16-˛19:˛ ]Xy-£-Øn¬ bmsXm∂pw t\Sn-sb-Sp-Ø-

Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sm-Ø, ]k-h-th-Z-\bv°p kam-\-am-sbmcp

Cu‰p t\mhn-eqsS bnkm-tb¬ IS∂p t]mbn Ign-bp-

tºmƒ tZiw hos≠-Sp∏v A\p-`-hn-°pw. Dt∑jZmb-I-

amb ]`m-X-a™v (]-cn-ip-≤m-flm-hv) tZi-Øn-t∑¬ ]I-

c-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ tZi-Øns‚ hos≠-Sp∏v kw_-‘n-®p-ff

JWvUn-X-amb Hcp hmKvZ-Ø-tØmSp IqSn P\-Øns‚

]m¿∞-\bv°p ssZhw DØ-c-a-cp-fpw.

26:20,21:˛ ssZhsØ XyPn-°p∂ qhm-kn-I-fp-sS-ta¬

ssZhw Xs‚ DK-tIm]w sNmcn-bp-tºmƒ, clky Ad-

I-fn¬ IS∂v Hfn-®n-cn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw Xs‚ P\-Ønse

hnizkvX tijn-∏ns\ Cu kabw D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bm-Wv.

3. hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

ssZh-Øns‚ ]m´v (A. 27)

27:1:˛ hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ btlm-h-bpsS \mfn¬,

btlmh hnZpX k¿∏-amb enhym-Ym-t\bpw (A-iq¿),

hI k¿∏-amb enhym-Ym-t\bpw (_m-t_¬) kap-Z-

Ønse alm-k¿∏-tØbpw (an-k-bow) sIm∂p-I-f-bpw.

Cu hnNnX km¶¬∏nI arK-ßƒ aq∂pw _mt_-ens‚

]Xo-I-ß-fm-sW∂v Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ A`n-]m-b-s∏-

Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ temI i‡n-Isf I¿tΩm-’p-I-cm-°p∂

kmØms\ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-h-bmWv Ah-sb∂v a‰p Nne¿

Nn¥n-°p-∂p. Ah≥ k¿∏-sa∂pw alm k¿∏-sa∂pw

hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂p (D-ev]. 3:1; shfn. 12:3; 13:2; 16:13).

27:2˛6:˛ A∂m-fn¬ ssZhw ]mt´m-sS, Xm≥ hos≠-

SpØ at\m-l-c-amb ap¥ncn h≈n-bn¬ (bn-km-tb¬)

kt¥m-jn°pw; Ah≥ cm∏-I¬ AXns\ ImØp kq£n-

°pw. Xs‚ P\-tØmSv Ah-\n\n tIm[-an-√. c£nX KW-

Øn\p hntcm-[-ambn GsX-¶nepw ssk\y i‡n-Iƒ

Fgp-t∂-‰n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah≥ AXns\ apffpw ]d-°m-

cbpw F∂-t]mse Np´p-I-f-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kwc-£-W-

Øn\pw kam-[m-\-Øn-\p-ambn btlm-h-bn-¶-te°v Xncn-

bp-∂-XmWv Aßs\bpff i‡n-Iƒ°v \√-Xv. kl-

k_vZ hmgvN-bn¬ bnkm-tb¬ Xfn¿Øp ]q°p-Ibpw

Aßs\ `qX-e-Øns‚ D]-cn-Xew ê ]q¿Æ-am-Ibpw

sNøpw.

27:7˛9:˛ PmXn-I-fmb Ah-fpsS tae-[n-Im-cn-I-tfmSv

CS-s∏-ń-´p-f-f-Xp-t]mse ssZhw bnkm-tb-en-t\mSv CS-

s∏-ń-ń√! bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Ahsc

\∂m-°p-hm≥ BK-ln®p sIm≠p-ff ssZh-Øns‚

in£ anX-am-bn- p-f-fXpw ]cn-an-X-s∏- -Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. hnK-

lm-cm-[\m]c-am-bp-ff Ah-cpsS ]m]w \o°n Ahsc

ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bmWv ssZhw Ahsc ]hm-

k-Øn-te-°-b-®-Xv. Aticm ]Xn-jvT-I-fpsS Ah-km-

\sØ Ah-injvSw hsc bnkm-tb¬ \in-∏n®p If-bp-

tºmƒ B e£yw t\Sn-sb-Sp-°pw.

27:10,11:˛ AtX kabw sbcp-itew \n¿÷-\hpw iq\y-

hp-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bmWv; Imf-°n-Smhv s]m¥-°m-Sp-I-fn¬

sbi-ømhv 26,27

852

tabp-∂-Xmbpw kvXoIƒ hnd-In-\mbn ac-s°m-ºp-Iƒ

s]dp-°p-∂-Xp-amb \ne-I-fn¬ AXv NnXo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Bflo-I-amb bmsXmcp hnth-Ihpw P\-ßƒ ImWn-°m-

ØXp sIm≠mWv Ch-sb√mw h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

27:12,13:˛ hcpw-\m-fn¬ btlmh bnkm-tb¬ tZiØp

Xs∂ \∑-tbbpw Xn∑-tbbpw saXn-°pw. AXn-\p-tijw

Aiq¿, ankbow F∂n-h-sb-t∏m-se-bp-ff PmXob

cmjvS-ß-fn¬ NnX-d-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ blq-Z-∑msc Ah≥

Iqń-t®¿°pw. tZiØp aS-ßn-h∂ P\w sbcp-i-te-an¬

IqSn-h∂p btlm-hsb \a-kv°-cn-°pw.

F. bnkm-tb-en-s‚bpw sbcp-i-te-an-t‚bpw ]X-

\hpw ho≠p-ap-ff apt∂-‰-hpw. (A. 28-˛35)

1. F^-bn-an\v / bnkm-tb-en-\p-ff im]w (A. 28)

28:1˛4:˛ Uw` Inco-Shpw bnkm-tb-ense (F-^-bnw)

ho™p IpSn®p elcn ]nSn-®-h-cpsS hmSn-t∏m-Ip∂

]pjv]-hp-am-bn-cp∂p ia-cy. Ip∂n≥ap-I-fnse B ] -Ww,

ho™p IpSn®p elcn ]nSn-®-h-cpw, temI kpJw, uXo-

I-Xzw, ssewKo-IX F∂n-h-bm¬ Iog-S-°-s∏-´-h-cp-amb

P\-Øns‚ e-h-Ømb Xmgvhcbv°p apI-fnse IncoSw

t]mse-bm-Wv. ê-ti-Jc ImeØn\p apsº ]gpØ

AØn-∏gw F∂ t]mse B ]´-WsØ hngp-ßp-hm≥

Aiqcy]S Xøm-dm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

28:5,6:˛ ssk\y-ß-fpsS btlmh Xs‚ cmPXzw

]m]n-∏m≥ aSßn hcpw\mfn¬, Xs‚ P\-Ønse

hnizkvX tijn-∏n\v Xm≥ hmSmØ al-Xz-ap≈ Hcp

Inco-S-am-bn-cn-°pw. \ymbw hn[n-∏m\pw iXp-°sf ] -W-

hm-Xn¬°¬ h®v aS-°n-b-b-∏m\pw Ah≥ P\-Øn≥ \mb-

I-∑msc i‡o-I-cn-°pw.

28:7,8:˛ ChnsS ]hm-N-I≥ blq-Zbv°p t\sc Xncn-

bp-I-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-ens\ t]mse Ahcpw aZy-]n®v tai-

ta-ep-ff Xß-fpsS Xs∂ O¿±n-bnepw Agp-°nepw InS-

∂p-cp-fp-∂p. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑mcpw ]hm-N-I-∑mcpw t]mepw

Zp¿hr-Ø-cmbn Xo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

28:9,10:˛ Xß-tfmSp kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ah≥ inip-

°-fpsS `mj-bn-emWv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v ]cm-Xn-s∏-

´p-sIm≠v aX-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ ssZhsØ ]cn-l-kn-°p-∂p.

GIm-£-c-]Zw (F-_mb mj-bn¬) D]-tbm-Kn®v Ahsc

D]-tZ-in-∏m≥ X°-hÆw Ah¿ Cfw ]mb-Øn-ep-f-f-h-

cm-sW∂v btlmh Nn¥n-°p-∂p-t≠m?(36)

28:11-˛13:˛ “icn, efn-Xhpw Kln-°-Ø-Xp-amb Fs‚

`mj i≤n-°p-hm≥ \nßƒ BK-ln-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v

hntZ-in-bmb Hcp AI-a-W-Im-cnsb (A-iq¿) R≥ \nß-

fpsS a≤y-Øn¬ Abbv°pw” F∂v ssZhw ]d-bp-∂p.

ssZhw hnim-a-hpw, a‰p-f-f-h-¿°p kzÿX \¬Ip-hm-\p-

ff Ignhpw hmKvZØw sNbvXn´pw ssZhsØ \nc-kn®

P\-Øn-t∑-ep-ff \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS Hc-S-bm-f-am-bn-cn°pw

Ah-cpsS sshtZ-in-I-`m-j. sP∂nßvkv ]d-bp-∂-Xp-

t]mse, btlm-hsb kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ah≥

efn-Xhpw kv]jvS-hp-amb hm°-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn®p

sIm≠n-cn°pw; F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS \ncm-I-c-W-Øn-\p-ff

kIe DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øhpw ktµ-i-Øns‚ Akv]-jvS-X-

bn-e-√, adn®v AXv \nc-kn-®h-tcmSv amX-am-bn-cn°pw IW-

°n-Sp-∂-Xv.(37)

28:14,15:˛ Aiqcy BI-a-Øn¬ \n∂pw Xß-sf

kzX¥cm°p∂ ank-bnay DS-º-Snsb Ipdn®v blqZm

cmPm-°-∑m¿ hºp ]d-™p. F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS kJyX

\nanØw ac-Whpw ]mXm-f-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw Ah¿°p e`n-

°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ t`mjv°n-t\bpw hymP-tØ-bp-am-bn-cp∂p

Bi-bn-®-Xv. (a-c-W-tØm-Sp-ff kJy-Xbpw ]mXm-f-tØm-

Spff DS-º-Snbpw Xo¿®-bmbpw bYm¿∞-Øn-ep-ff Hcp

DS-º-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√. ank-bn-ap-am-bp-ff AXns‚ kJyX

\nan-Øw, ac-Whpw ]mXm-f-hp-am-bn-´p-ff DS-ºSn \√-Xm-

Wv. `b-s∏-Sm-s\m∂pan√ F∂ tXm∂¬ blq-Z-bv°p-

≠mbn F∂ \ne-bn-emWv ChnsS A]-Imcw kqNn-∏n-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. bnkm-tbepw arK-hp-am-bn- p-ff mhn-bnse

kJy-Xsb (Zm-\n. 9:27) NnXo-I-cn-°p∂ DS-º-Sn-bmbn

Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ CXns\ ImWp-∂p.

28:16,17:˛ hniz-kn-∏m≥ tbmKy-amb Dd-∏p-ff Hc-Sn-

ÿm-\-ambn anin-lmsb ssZhw \¬In-bn- p-≠v. Ah-\n¬

Bi-bn-°p-∂-h¿ Hcn-°epw ]cn-`-an®p HmtS≠n hcn-I-

bn-√. Ahs‚ `c-W-Øn-¶¬, \oXn-bp-tSbpw \ymb-Øn-

t‚-Xp-amb Hcp ]cn-tim-[-\-bn-eqsS kI-ehpw IS∂p

t]mtI≠n hcpw. \ymbhn[n F√m hymP-i-c-W-tØbpw

\o°n-°-f-bpw.

28:18-˛22:˛ AI-an-Iƒ hcp-tºmƒ blq-Z-bpsS i‡-

amb cmjvS-X-X-¥-ßƒ°v Ahsf kwc-£n-°p-hm≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. iXp-°-fpsS IS-∂m-I-a-W-ß-sf√mw hnP-

bn-°pw. ssZhw ]d™p sIm≠n-cn-°p∂Xns‚ kXym-

hÿ hfsc sshIn P\w a\- n-em-°pw. \nh¿∂p InS-

∏m≥ \ofw t]mcmØ InS-°-bpw, hoXn-t]m-cmØ ]pX-

∏pw, BK-ln® Bizm-khpw kwc-£-Whpw \¬Ip-∂-

Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏´ DS-º-Sn-sb-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

btlm-h-bmb ssZhw apºv Xs‚ iXp-°-tfmSp sNbvX-

Xp-t]m-se, Ct∏mƒ \ymb-hn-[n-°mbn Xs‚ P\-Øn\p

hntcm-[-ambn Fgp-t∂¬°pw˛ Ahs\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw XnI®pw A\y-amb Hcp \ymb-hn-[n. Ah¿ \nµn-

°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ tIhew Xß-fpsS ASn-aØw h¿≤n-∏n-

°p-I-bm-bn-cn°pw AXp-sIm≠v sNøp-∂-Xv.

28:23-˛29:˛ sl¿_¿´v hm≠¿ eKv‰v C]-Imcw kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂-p-. ]hm-N-I≥ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv:˛

Hcp Irjn-°m-cs‚ the-bpsS aq∂p hi-ßƒ FSp-

Øp-≤-cn®p sIm≠v, ssZhw Xs‚ a°-tfm-Sn-S-s∏-Sp∂

coXn. H∂m-a-Xmbn, Dgp-Xp-∂-h≥ ]cn-an-Xn-bn-√msX

Ft∏mgpw \new Iodn I´ DS®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂n-√, adn®v

Irjn-bn-d-°m≥ A\p-tbm-Pyamw hn[w \new Hcp-°-s∏´p

Ign-™m¬ Ah-\Xp \n¿Øp∂p (hm. 24). AXp-t]mse

\ΩpsS Pohn-X-Ønepw ssZthm-t±iw \nd-th-‰-s∏´p Ign-

™m-ep-S≥ Xs∂ \ΩpsS ]cn-tim-[-\-Iƒ°v AdpXn

hcpw. A\-¥cw Irjn-°m-c≥ Xs‚ hnØv hnth-I-]q¿∆w

sbi-ømhv 28

853

hnX-bv°p-∂-Xns\ Ipdn-®mWv ]hm-N-I≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv,

Ah≥ Icnw-Po-cIw hnX-°bpw tKmXºv \nc-\n-cmbn CSp-

Ibpw sNøp∂p (hm. 25,26). \apt°mtcmcp-Ø¿°pw

Bh-iy-amb ]tXyI in£Ww I¿Ømhv i≤m-]q¿∆w

Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-ff hkvXp-X-bmWv CXp \sΩ

Hm¿∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-km-\-ambn Xs‚ hnf saXn-°p∂

Iqen-°m-cs\ sbi-ømhv NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ hfsc

i≤-tbmSp IqSn PocIw tIm¬ sIm≠pw Icn-÷o-cIw

hSn-sIm≠pw X√n-sb-Sp-°p-∂p. tKmX-ºn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬ [m\yw NX-™p-t]m-ImØ `mc-ap-ff Hcp NIw

sIm≠p AXp saXn-°p∂p (hm. 27,28). AXp-t]mse

\ap°v hln-°m≥ Ign-bp∂Xn\-∏p-d-ap-ff Hcp IjvS-∏mSv

Hcn-°epw A\p-h-Zn-°m-sX, \ΩpsS Ah-ÿ-b-\p-k-cn®v

Bh-iy-amb \ne-bn¬ k¿∆-i-‡≥ arZp-e-ambn \sΩ

sXmSp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.(38)

2. Acn-tb-ens‚/sbcp-itew im]w (A.29)

29:1˛4:˛ Zmho-Zns‚ Bÿm-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂, sbcp-i-

te-anse hnti-jm-h-Im-i-ap-ff ]´-W-amWv Acn-tb¬.

Ahn-sS-bp-ff P\w B≠p-tXmdpw aX-]-c-amb Xß-fpsS

NS-ßp-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°mw, ]t£ AXv Acn-

tb-embn Xs∂ Ccn-°-Ø-°-hÆw ssZhw Ah-cpsS

at≤y ZpxJhpw hnem-]hpw hcp-Øpw. Acn-tb¬ F∂

t]cn\v c≠¿∞-ap -≠v; “ssZhØns‚ knwlw” ,“bmK]oTw” F∂mWv hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv).

“ssZhØns‚ knwlw” Bbncp∂ ]´Ww Ct∏mƒ Pzen-

°p∂ Hcp bmK-]o-T-am-Wv. bmK-h-kvXp-°ƒ Ahn-SpsØ

P\-ß-fm-Wv. (sb-l.43:15,16)

29:5˛8:˛ F¶nepw ssZhw s]s´∂p CS-s]Spw; t\cnb

s]mSn-t]m-sebpw ]Xn¿ t]msebpw iXp-°ƒ NnX-d-

s∏-Spw. Xßƒ sbcp-i-te-ans\ ]q¿Æ-ambn hngp-ßn-°-

f-bp-sa∂v iXp-°ƒ Nn¥n-°p∂ \nan-j-Øn¬ Xt∂,

Hcp kz]v\-Øn¬ \n∂pw DW-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse Ah¿

tXm¬∏n-°-s∏- n-cn-°pw.

29:9˛12:˛ P\-Øns‚ a\x-]q¿∆-amb A‘X Ct∏mƒ

Ch-cpsS ta¬ \ymb hn[n kw_-‘-amb A‘X hcp-

Øn-bn-cn-°-bmWv; aZy-]n-°msX Xs∂ Ah¿ Nm©mSn

\S-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ Ah¿°p Zp¿Km-

ly-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Nnesc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXv

apZ-bn-ń-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]pkvX-I-am-Wv, a‰p Nne¿°msW-

¶n¬ AXp hmbn-°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F√m-

h¿°pw GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep-ff Hgn-I-gn-hp-Iƒ ]d-bm-

\p-≠v.

29:13-˛14:˛ Ah-cpsS `‡n XnI®pw ]pd-sa-bp-f-f-Xpw,

ssZhsØ Ipdn-®p-ff Ah-cpsS `bw tIhew a\x-]m-T-

am-°nb am\p-jnI Iev]-\-I-fp-am-I-bm¬ IpimK _p≤n-

I-fpsS ⁄m\hpw hnth-Ihpw C√m-Xm°n sIm≠v

ssZhw \ymb-hn-[n-bp-tS-Xmb Hcp A¤pX ]hrØn

Ah-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ sNøpw. 14-˛mw hmIy-Ønse “A¤pX

]hrØn” sk≥slco-_ns‚ BI-a-W-sØ-bmWv kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂Xv. Uªn-bp. C. ssh≥ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv:

blqZm cmPm-°-∑m-¿ klm-b-Øn-\mbn ank-bo-ans\

Bi-bn-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. kzm`m-hn-I-amb ImgvN-∏m-

Sn¬ AXv \b-X-¥-]-c-amb Hc-dn-hns‚ `mK-am-bn-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ImgvN-bn¬ AXv a’-c-Øn-t‚-

Xmb Hcp ]hr-Øn-bm-bn-cp∂p; AXp-sIm≠v ssZh-Øn¬

amXw Bi-bn-°-Ø° \ne-bn-ep-ff Hcp \n -lm-bm-h-

ÿ-bn-te°v blq-Zsb XmgvØn-s°m≠v ssZhw Ah-

cpsS B X¥w H∂p-an-√m-Xm°n Xo¿Øp.(39)

C∂v “A¤pX ]hrØn” kphntij-Øm-emWv \n¿∆-

ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (1 sImcn. 1:18-˛25 t\m°p-I)

29:15,16: ssZhw Xßsf ImWp-∂n√ F∂ mh-Øn¬

ank-bo-ap-ambn KqVm-tem-N\ \S-Øp∂ h©I∑m-cmb

cmPm-°-∑m-cp-sS-ta¬ Hcp im]w Dcp-hn-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Ah-sc√mw hn]-co-X-am-bmWv Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xv, Ipi-hs‚

ÿm\w Ah¿ Ifn-a-Æn-\pw, Ifn-a-Æns‚ ÿm\w Ipi-

h\pw sImSp-°p-∂p, Aßs\ ssZh-Øns‚ i‡n-tbbpw

⁄m\-tØbpw Ah¿ \ntj-[n-°p-∂p.

29:17-˛21:˛ F∂m¬ ssZhw Imcy-ßsf t\sc Xncn-

®m-°p-tºmƒ hnSp-X-ens‚ Hcp Znhkw kam-K-X-am-hp-I-

bm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ h\-`q-an-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv (se-_m-t\m≥)

DZym-\-ambpw DZym-\-ambn IW-°m-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv CS-

Xq¿∂p hf¿∂ Hcp h\-ambpw ImW-s∏-Spw. A∂m-fn¬

sNIn-S-¿ tIƒ°p-Ibpw Ipcp-S¿ ImWp-Ibpw kuay-X-

bp-f-f-h¿ btlm-h-bn¬ kt¥m-jn®p D√-kn-°bpw

sNøpw. ]oUn-∏n-°p-∂h\pw ]cn-lm-knbpw C\n D≠m-

bn-cn-°-bn√; \oXn-ams\ \n m-c-Imcyw sIm≠p _ln-

jv°-cn®p \oXn adn®p If-hm≥ ian-°p-∂-hcpw tOZn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

29:22-˛24:˛ Ah-km-\-hm-Iy-ßƒ, ""bmt°m_v'' F∂v

hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ""hniz-kn-°p∂ Hcp hnti-jn-∏n-''s\-bmWv

hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. e÷bpw A]-am-\hpw C\nbpw Ah¿°p-

≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. bmt°m-_ns‚ a°ƒ ssZhw Ah¿°p-

th≠n CS-s]-ń-´p≈ hn[-ßƒ a\- n-em°n ssZhsØ

al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øpw. sX‰mbn [cn®v Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h¿ ]Tn-

∏m≥ ]m]vXcpw ⁄m\w ]m]n-∏m≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-cp-am-

Ipw.

3. ank-bo-ap-ambn kJyX sNbvX-h-cpsS im]w

(A.30,31)

30:1˛7:˛ Aiq-cn-s\-Xnsc ank-boap-ambn kJy-X-bp-

≠m-°nb blq-Z-bnse cmPy-X-¥-⁄-cmWv a’-cn-I-fmb

a°ƒ. A]-Im-c-ap-ff Hcp kJyX kw_-‘n®v bmsXmcp

tcJ-I-fp-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ AXn-\nbpw mhn-bn¬ kw`-hn-

∏m-\p-f-f-Xm-sW∂v Nn¥n-®p-sIm≠v \mw \ymbo-I-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. ankbnw hniz-kn-∏m≥ tbmKy-\-s√∂v blq-

Zbv°v a\- n-em-Ipw. s\sK-_nse (sX-°v) A]-IS taJ-

e-I-fn¬ IqSn blq-Z-bn¬ \n∂pw ank-bn-an-te°v I∏w-

sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip∂ km¿∞hmlI kwL-ßsf ImWp-

∂p. F∂m¬ blqZ ZqX-∑m¿ tkmh-\nepw lmt\-knepw

FØn-b-t∏m-tg°pw ]≤-Xn-I-sf√mw ]cm-P-b-Øn¬ Iem-

in-®p. ssZhw ank-bo-ans\ “cmlm_v-˛tlw˛ti-_Xv”(A\-ßmsXbncn-°p∂ kml-k-°m-c≥) F∂ t]¿ hnfn-

°p-∂p.

sbi-ømhv 29,30

854

30:8˛14:˛ Xs‚ ]hm-NI∑mcn-eqsS \¬I-s∏´ btlm-

h-bpsS \ymb ]am-W-Øns‚ kv]jvS-amb Hcp Xnc-kv°-

c-W-am-bn-cp∂p ank-bo-ap-am-bp-ff DS-º-Sn-sb∂ hkvXpX

Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°p th≠n tcJ-s∏-SpØn hbvt°-Ww. _e-

lo-\-amb Hcp kwc-£W aXn-em-bn-cp∂p ankbow F∂v

blqZ a\- n-em-°pw. kXy-Øn¬ Cu Db¿∂ aXn¬

D¥n-h∂v s]mń-Ø-I-cpw. G‰hpw sNdnb tPmen-Iƒ°v

sIm≈m-hp∂ Xc-Øn¬ Hcp IjWw t]mepw tijn-

°msX Hcp a¨]mXw t]mse AXp ]q¿Æ-ambn

XI¿∂p t]mIpw.

30:15-˛17:˛ “a\w Xncn™p F¶-te°p aSßn hcp-I,

F∂n¬ Bi-bn-°, AXn-emWv \nß-fpsS c£ Ccn-

°p-∂-Xv... shdn-]n-Sn®v ank-bo-an-te°v HmSn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xn\p

]Icw F∂n¬ Bi-bn®v hni-an-°p-I, AXn-emWv \nß-

fpsS _ew Ccn-°p-∂Xv” F∂v ssZhw blq-Z-tbmSp ]d-

bp-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ “C√, Rßƒ iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂pw

AXn-thKw HmSn-t∏mIpw” F∂p blqZm ]d-™p. ssZhw

]d-bp∂ adp-]Sn C]-Im-c-amWv, “icnbmWv; \nßƒ HmSn-

t∏m-Ipw, ]t£ AXv thZ-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp ]em-b-\-

am-bn-cn°pw! ae-ap-I-fn¬ H‰-s∏´p \n¬°p∂ Hcp sImSn-

acw t]mse Bbn-Øo-cp-∂-Xp-hscbpw \nßƒ \yq\-]-

£-amb Hcp ssk\y-Øn\m¬ Xpc-Ø-s∏Spw”.

30:18- 25:˛ F∂n´pw btlmh \nß-tfmSp Ir] ImWn-

∏m≥ ImØncn-°p-∂p. “\ΩpsS Xnc-s™-Sp∏v aqe-ap-

≠mb hn\miw AXns‚ t`mjØw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂Xp hsc ssZhw ImØn-cn-°p-∂p”. blqZ btlm-h-bn-

¶-te°v Xncn-bptºmƒ ]ns∂ Ah-\m-bn-cn°pw Ah-cpsS

D]-tZ-jvSm-hpw, am¿§ Z¿in-bpw, agbpw ]pjvSnbpw kar-

≤nbpw \¬Ip∂h\pw, kuJy-Zm-b-I-\pw, ]md-bpw, kwc-

£-I-\pw.- Xs‚ P\w “hnKl-ßsf aen-\-am-sbmcp

hkvXp-t]mse ‘s]mbvt°m’ F∂p ]d-™v Fdn™p

Ifbpw”

30:26-˛33:-˛ 26-˛mw hmIy-Ønse Xoh ]Imiw \oXn-

bp-tSbpw al-Xz-Øn-t‚bpw ]Xo-I-ambn a\- n-em-°-s∏-

Sp-∂p. ssZh-an-√mØ PmXn-Isf \mi-Øns‚ Acn∏

Acn®v th¿Xn-cn-°pw. btlmh Aiq-cns\ Xs‚ hSn-

sIm≠v ASn°pw; Ahs\ ASn-°p∂ Hmtcm ASn-bnepw

blq-Z-bpsS Pb-tLmj Km\w D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. tXmt^-

Ønse (\-c-Iw) Pzen-°p∂ Xo ZpjvS-\mb cmPm-hns\

FXn-tc¬∏m≥ Hcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

31:1˛3:˛ klm-b-Øn-\mbn ank-bn-an¬ sN∂v, hnP-b-

Øn-\mbn IpXn-c-I-fnepw cY-ß-fnepw IpXn-c-t®-h-I-cnepw

Bi-bn-°p∂hsc btlmh shdp-°p-∂p. Ah≥

Zpjv°¿Ωn-I-fpsS Krl-Øn\pw (b-lq-Z) Zpjv]-hr-Øn-

°m-cpsS klm-b-Øn\pw (an-k-bow) hntcm-[-ambn Fgp-

t∂¬°pw. At∏mƒ klm-bn-°p-∂-h≥ (an-k-bow) CS-

dp-Ibpw klm-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h≥ (b-lq-Z) hogp-Ibpw

sNøpw.

31:4˛9:˛ CS-b-°q´w (A-iq¿) t]Sn-∏n®p HmSn-°p-hm≥

ian-°p∂ Hcp knwl-sØ-t∏m-se-bmWv ssZhw, AYhm

FÆw am‰n-∏-d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, sbcp-i-te-an\p aosX

Np‰n-∏-d-°p∂ Hcp ]£n-°q- -amWv Ah≥. B ] -WsØ

ImØp c£n-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ Xøm-dm-Wv. bnkm-tb¬

btlm-h-bn-¶-te°v Xncn-bp-tºmƒ, Xß-fpsS an∞ym-

aq¿Øn-Isf XyPn-®p-I-f-bpw. ssZh-Øns‚ t\cn- p-ff Hcp

CS-s]-S¬ sIm≠v Aiq¿ \in-®p-t]m-Ipw. sk≥sl-co-

_ns‚ \miw sIm≠v Cu hmIy-Øns‚ A¿∞w ]q¿Æ-

am-Ip-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Cu ]h-N-\-Øn¬ Hcp `mhn

\nh¿Øo-I-c-W-ap-≠v. AXv atlm]-Zh Ime-ØmWv \S-

°p-∂-Xv.

4. \oXn-bp-ff cmPm-hns‚ `cWw (A.32)

32:1˛8:˛ InkvXp-hns‚ kl-km_vZ hmgvNm `c-

WsØ Ipdn-®mWv BZysØ A©p hmIy-ßƒ ]Xn-

]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-\mWv \oXn-tbmsS `cWw \S-Øp∂

cmPmhv; ]¥≠v At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°Ww B ]`p-

°-∑m¿. (a-Øm. 19:28 t\m°p-I). “Im‰n\p Hcp ad-hm-bn-

cn-°p-∂-h≥” kt¶-Xhpw, kwc-£-W-hpw, ]pXp-_-ehpw

XWepw \¬Ip∂ I¿Øm-hmb tbip InkvXp-hmWv

B a\p-jy≥. \ymhn-[n-bpsS A‘-X-bn¬ C\n-bmcpw

IjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√, A\p-k-c-W-tbmsS tIƒ°p-∂-Xn\v

sNhn AS-™n-cn-°-bp-an-√. Ct∏mƒ Ahn-th-In-Iƒ Bbn-

cn-°p-∂h¿ ]cn-⁄m\w Kln°pw; C∂v hn°n-hn°n ]d-

bp-∂-h≥ XS- -an-√msX hy‡-ambn kwkm-cn-°pw.

[m¿ΩnI `n∂X sIm≠v C\n-sbm-cn-°epw am\-t°-Sp-

≠m-I-bn-√. t`mj≥ BZ-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. InkvXp-hns‚

hc-hn-¶¬ a\p-jys‚ bYm¿∞ ÿnXn shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-

s∏Spw (A-Xn-\-\p-k-c-W-ambn in£n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNøpw) DØ-a\pw shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw A\p-K-ln-

°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. sbi-øm-hns‚ ImeØv Xm≥

I≠ PohnX coXn-I-fmWv 6˛8 hmIy-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv.

32:9˛15:˛ F∂m¬ cmPXzw CXp-hsc h∂n-ń-√. blq-

Z-bn¬ kvXoIƒ Ct∏mgpw BUw-_-c-Øn¬ apgpIn

Nn¥-bn-√msX Aew-`m-h-tØmsSbmWv Pohn-°p-∂-Xv.

Irjn-\m-iw, P\-kw-Jy-bnse Ipd-hv, GIm-¥X F∂n-

ßs\ \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS ]lcw s]s´∂p h∂p hogpw.

InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn¬, Db-c-Øn¬ \n∂p Bflm-

hns\ ]I-cp-thmfw blq-Z-bpsS IjvS-X-Iƒ XpS-cpw.

At∏mƒ acp-`qan DZym-\-ambn Xocpw, DZym-\-ambn C∂v

IW-°m-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv CS-Xq¿∂ h\-ambn Xocpw.

32:16-˛20:-˛ kmaq-lnI \oXnbpw \ymbhpw Pohn-X-

Øns‚ F√m Xpd-I-fnepw ]c-°pw, XXv^-e-ambn kam-

[m-\hpw imizX hnim-ahpw \n¿`-b-Xbpw kpc-£n-X-

Xzhpw D≠m-Ipw. ssZhoI \ymb hn[n-bpsS I¬a-g-bm¬

iXp (h-\w) Atijw hoWp-t]m-Ibpw \Kcw (A-Xns‚

Xe-ÿm-\w) \new-]-cn-Nm-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. A∂v

P\-Øn\v shf-f-Øn-\-cn-I-sØ√mw kpc-£n-X-ambn hnX-

∏m≥ Ignbpw; IqSmsX Imfbv°pw Igp-Xbv°pw B]Øp

IqSmsX kzX-¥-ambn ta™p \S-∏m≥ Ignbpw; AXv

kt¥m-j-Øns‚ \mfp-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw.

5. ]nSn-®p-]-dn-°m-c\v/ Aiq-cn-\p-ff im]w (A.33)

33:1˛6:˛ Aiq-cns‚ tZmlhpw kml-khpw Ahs‚

sbi-ømhv 30,31,32,33

855

ta¬ aS-ßn-h-cpw. (hm.1,2) Xß-fpsS IjvS-Im-e-Øn¬

\n∂p-ff hnSp-X-en-\mbn ssZh-P\w btlm-h-tbmSp

]m¿∞n-°pw. ssZhw ]h¿Øn-∏m-\mbn Fgp-t∂¬°p-

tºm-gp-ff tImem-lew tlXp-hmbn PmXn-Iƒ NnX-dn-

t∏m-Ip-∂p. blq-Z-∑msc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw HmSn-t∏m-

Ip∂ iXp-°-fpsS sIm≈-bn-t∑¬ NmSn-hoWp AXp

ssIh-i-am-°p-hm-\p-ff Ah-k-c-am-Wn-Xv. kotbms\

\oXnbpw \ymbhpw sIm≠p \nd®p InkvXp knwlm-k-

\-ÿ-\m-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p; Aßs\ BIm-eØp ÿnc-

X-bp-≠m-Ipw, Xs‚ P\sØ Bflob \nt£]w

sIm≠p Ah≥ t]mjn-∏n-°p-∂p.

33:7˛9:˛ lnkv°o-bmhv kam-[m\ ZqX-∑msc

sk≥sl-co-_ns‚bpS-tØ-°-b-®v, ap∂q-dp-Xm-e¥v

sh≈nbpw ap∏Xp Xme¥p s]m∂pw ]ng-bmbn Bh-iy-

s∏´ (2 cmP. 18:13- 16) B Hcp Ime-sØ-bmWv Cu hmIy-

ßƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Aiq-cns\ hnebv°p hmßp-hm≥

AXp sIm≠p km[n-®n√; \mi-Øn-t‚bpw IjvS-∏m-Sn-

t‚bpw Hcp Nhn-´Sn tijn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v Ah≥ blq-Z-

bv°p t\sc ]S \o°n.

Xß-fpsS ZuXy-Ønse ]cm-P-b-tam¿Øv blq-Z-bn¬

\n∂pff ZqX-∑m¿ Ibvt∏msS Ic-bp-I-bm-Wv. blq-Zsb

BI-an-®p-sIm≠v Aiq¿ Xß-fpsS hmKvZm\w ewLn®p

GIm-¥-X-bpsS cwK-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ \mS-Io-b-X-bp-f-f-Xm-

Wv.

33:10- 12:˛ B \n¿Æm-bI \nan-j-Øn¬ btlmh iXp-

°-tfmSp t]mcm-Sp-hm≥ Fgp-t∂¬°p-∂p. ssht°m-ens\

K¿`w [cn®p Xmf-Snsb ]k-hn-°p∂ F∂n-ß-s\-bp-ff

cq£ ]cn-lmk hm°p-I-fn¬ Ah≥ Aiq-cns\ ]cn-l-

kn-°p-∂p. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬ Ahs‚ ]≤-

Xn-Iƒ hy¿∞-am-sb-∂¿∞w. Xm≥ a‰p-f-f-h-cpsS ta¬

ASn-t®¬∏n® AtX hn[-Øn-ep-ff tcmjw Xs∂ aS°n

h∂v Xs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambn \in-∏n-°pw. NpSp∂ IpΩm-bhpw

IØp∂ ap≈pw ]q¿Æ-am-sbmcp \ymb-hn-[n-sb-bmWv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

33:13-˛16:˛ ssZh-an-√mØ PmXn-Iƒ°p th≠nbpw (Zq-

c-ÿ-∑m¿), kotbm-\nse kzaX XymKn-I-fmb blq-Z-

∑m¿°p th≠nbpw (k-ao-]-ÿ-∑m¿) Hcp hm°p ]d-bp-

I-bm-Wv, \oXn-bmbn \S∂v kIe hn[ tZmjhpw hn´-I-

ep∂h¿°p amXta ssZhoI \ymb hn[n-bpsS Xobn¬

\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-I-bp-f-fp.

33:17:˛ hniz-kn-°p∂ tijn∏v kpc-£n-Xcpw kwXr-

]vX-cp-am-bn-cn°pw; Ah¿ cmPm-hns\ Ahs‚ kuµ-cy-

tØmsS Z¿in°pw; IqSmsX hfsc hnim-e-ambn AXn¬

hnkvXr-X-am-°-s∏´ tZiw Ah¿ ImWpw.

F.-sP. tPm¿U≥ Xs‚ Hcp ]mń¬ Cu hmIy-ßƒ

tN¿Øn- p≠v:

ssZ¿Ly-ta-dnb \ng-ep-Iƒ \oßn-t∏m-Ip-tºmƒ

A‘-Imcw shfn-®-ambn amdp-tºmƒ

Zqsc tZiØv Rm≥ cmPm-hns\

Ahs‚ kuµ-cy-tØmsS Z¿in°pw;

tXP- n¬ Rm\-hs\ ImWpw

Adp-°-s∏´ Ip™m-Sn-s\,

hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ Gh-cp-samØv

Rm≥ Fßs\ B IY ]kn-≤-am°pw!

lt√-ep-ø, lt√-epø!

Hcn-°-embn Adp-°-s∏´ Ip™m-Sn\v

lt√-ep-ø, lt√-epø!

lt√-epø! Bta≥.

33:18,19:˛ I∏-ambn \¬I-s∏´ s]m∂v Aiq¿ Xq°n-

t\m-°p-I-bpw, BI-an-°p-hm-\p-ff Xøm-sd-Sp-∏n¬ Nmc-

∑m¿ ]´-W-ß-fpsS tKm]p-c-ßƒ FÆn t\m°p-Ibpw

Xß-fpsS at[y Aiq-cns‚ A\y-`mj blq-Z-∑m¿

tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvX B \nan-j-ßƒ C\n tIhew

\ncp-]-Z-h-I-c-amb Hcp Hm¿Ω amX-am-bn-cn-°pw.

33:20-˛22:-˛ kotbm-\n¬ ssZhw \nb-an-®m-°nb D’-

h-ßƒ klkm_vZ hmgvN-bn¬ ho≠pw \S-∏m-°-s∏-

Spw. kpc-£n-X-ambpw Dd-∏mbpw ASn-®n-cn-°p∂ Hcp

IqSmcw t]mse-bmWv ]´-Ww. Hcp \Zn Hcp ]´-W-Øn\p

F√m-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, btlmh kotbms‚ kwc-

£-Whpw, hnim-¥n-bpw, kuµ-cy-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. btlmh

Ahn-sS-bp-f-f-Xp-sIm≠v iXp-°-fmb X≠p-h® ]St°m,

]Xm-]-ap-ff I∏tem AXn¬ IqSn IS-°-bn-√.

33:23,24:˛ 23-˛mw hmIy-Øns‚ BZy-`mKw sbcp-i-te-

ans\bmtWm AtXm Ah-fpsS iXp-°-sf-bmtWm kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂-sX∂ Imcy-Øn¬ hymJym-X-°-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬

A`n-]mb `n∂-X-bp-≠v. kotbms‚ iXp-°-sf-bm-WXv

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬, ] -WsØ BI-an-°p-hm≥ mhn-

°p∂ GsXmcp I∏-en-t‚bpw hn\m-i-sØ-bm-WXv NnXo-

I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXv sbcp-i-te-an-s\-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-

sX-¶n¬ 23-˛mw hmIysØ Xmsg ImWpw hn[w hni-Zo-

I-cn°mw:

AXv Ahn-SpsØ P\-ß-fpsS Xs∂ _e-lo-\-X-I-

sf-Ip-dn®pw Ign-hn-√m-bvasb Ipdn-®p-amWv ]d-bp-∂Xv;

AXm-bXv BVw-_c I∏¬ \nb-¥n-°p-hm-\p-ff Ign-hn-

√m-bva, As√-¶n¬ Bh-iy-ap-ff Ibdpw IqSm-c-°p-‰n-I-

fpw, IqSm-c-Øp-Wn-I-fp-ap-]-tbm-Kn®p Xß-fpsS hmk-ÿ-

e-ßƒ Iao-I-cn-°p-hm-\p-ff ]m]vXn-bn-√mbva F∂n-h-

bm¬ AXp NnXo-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.(40)

I¿Ømhns‚ cmPy-Øn¬ apS-¥¿t]mepw sIm≈-

bnSpw; bmsXmcp hn[ Zo\hpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√, P\-

Øns‚ AIrXyw tamNn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°pw.

6. kIe PmXn-Iƒ°p-ap-ff im]w (A.34)

34:1˛4:˛ 34-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ kIe hwi-ß-tfm-Sp-

ap-ff ]tXy-Im¬ GtZm-an-t\m-Sp-ff ssZh-Øns‚ tIm]-

amWp \ap°p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. Hcp ]t£ a‰p-

sbi-ømhv 33,34

856

ff F√m-Pm-Xn-I-fp-tSbpw Hcp ]Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn-cn°mw

GtZmw. btlmh PmXn-Isf (hw-i-ß-sf) \ymbw hn[n-

°p-tºmƒ No™-gp-Inb ih-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-ff Zp¿K‘w

hmbp-hn¬ ]c-°pw, Ah-cpsS c‡-Øns‚ IpsØm-gp-

°n¬ s]´v ae-Iƒ Hen-®p-t]m-Ipw. BIm-i-Ønse

ssk\y-sa√mw kwt£m-`n-∏n-°-s∏-Spw.

34:5˛7:˛ “c‡Øn¬ elcn ]nSn-®n-cn-°p∂” btlmh-

bpsS hmƒ DK-tIm-]-tØmsS GtZm-ans‚ ta¬ hogpw.

AXp kmam\y P\-Øn-t∑epw (Ip-™m-Sp-Iƒ, tImem-

Sp-Iƒ, B´p-sIm-‰-∑m¿) ]`p-°-∑mcpsS taepw AYhm

t\Xm-°-∑m-cpsS taepw (Im-´p-t]m-Øv, Imf, aqcn) Hcp-

t]mse hogpw.

34:8:˛ AXp btlmh ]Xn-Imcw \S-Øp∂ Znh-k-

am-Wv. AXn-]m-[m-\y-ap-ff Hcp ]Z-amWv “]XnIm-cw”. \mw

km[m-cW D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-f-f-Xp-t]m-se, Hcp hy‡n-tbm-

Sp-ff ]Xn-Im-c-am-bn-´√ Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. \ymbm-[n-]-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ Rm≥ \oXn ]q¿∆w Npa-

Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ in£m hn[n \S-∏m-°p∂Xnep-ff ssZh-

Øns‚ ]hr-Øn-sb-bmWv AXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. (kvIn-

]v®¿ bqWn-bs‚ ssZ\w Zn\ Ipdn-∏n¬ \n∂v).

34:9˛17:˛ GtZm-ans‚ hn[n-\ym-b-amWv Cu `mKØv

kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv IØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp \c-Iw,

At⁄-b-amb ]£n-Ifpw h\y-ar-K-ßfpw Itø-dn-bn-cn-

°p∂ Hcp \n¿÷\ ]tZ-iw-. AXp ]mgpw iq\y-hp-ambn

XocmsX btlmh \n¿Øp-I-bn-√.(41) t]cn\p tbmKy-cmb

cmPm-°-∑m-tcm, ]`p-°-∑mtcm, cmPytam AhnsSbp≠m-

bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. AXns‚ Ah-in-jvS-ß-fn¬ ap≈p hf¿∂p

InS-°pw. AXv hnNnX Pohn-I-fpsS (Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-

bmØ Xc-Øn-ep-f-f-h) kt¶-X-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-hn-Nn-

X-amb B Pohn-Iƒ°v Hmtcm-∂n\pw Hmtcm CW-bp-≠m-

bn-cn-°pw. Aßs\ Ah s]‰ps]cp-Ipw. GtZm-ans‚ Ah-

in-jvS-ßƒ ssZhw Ahbv°v Xe-ap-d-bmbn kZm-I-em-

tØ°pw ssIh-i-ambn \¬In-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

7. hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ cmPy-Øns‚ alXzw (A.35)

35:1˛7:˛ a’-cn-I-fmb PmXn-I-sfsb√mw \in-∏n®p

Ign-bp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS c£n-Xmhpw I¿Øm-hp-amb tbip

InkvXp-hns‚ cmPyw ÿm]n-°-s∏-Spw. tZi-Øns‚

h¿≤n® e-`q-bnjvTnbpw, al-Xz-tØmSpw tXP-t mSpw

IqsS-bp-ff I¿Øm-hns‚ km∂n-[yhpw B Ime-Øns‚

khn-ti-j-X-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw. hnip-≤-∑m-cpsS At\ym-\y-ap-

ff t]m¬km-l\w Ahn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. F√m-hn[

AwK-ssh-I-ey-ßfpw \o°-s∏-ń-cn-°pw, acp-`qan sh≈-

ap-ff DZym-\-ß-fmbn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ kI-ecpw D√-

kn®p tLmjn-°pw.

35:8˛10:˛ ]hm-k-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂-h¿ sbcp-i-te-an-te°p

aS-ßn-h∂ acp-`q-an-bnse \qdp IW-°n\p ssa¬ Zqc-ap-

ff B hgn “hnip≤-hgn” BbnØo-cpw. ssZh-Øns‚

hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ P\-Øn-\-√msX a‰m¿°pw AXn¬ ]th-

i-\-an-√. tbip ho≠pw hcp-tºmƒ cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp∂

hnizm-kn-Isf ]nXm-hns‚ hmk-ÿ-e-tØ°p Iqń-

t®¿°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ B\-µ-tØbpw kt¥m-j-tØ-

bp-am-Wv, temI-hym-]-I-ambn NnX-d-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ bnkm-

tb-ens‚ aS-ßn-h-chv NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. sbiøm ]pkvX-

I-Øns‚ t]Pp-I-fn¬ \¬I-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ kw£n]vX Xe-

s°-´p -Iƒ, “k`bpsS taep-ff A\p-K-l-ßfpw”“bnkmtb-en-\p-ff im]-ßfpw” F∂mWv thZ-]p-kvX-I-

Øns‚ Nne ]Xn-∏p-Ifn¬ Npcp-°-Øn¬ hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ A\p-K-l-ß-fm-bmepw im]-ß-fm-bmepw

Gsd-°p-dsb Cu ]h-N-\-ß-sf√mw t\cn´v bnkm-tb-

ens\ e£y-am-°n-s°m-≠p-f-f-Xm-Wv, ]n∂oSp amX-amWv

k -tbm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ AXp ]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-∂-Xv.

bnkm-tb-ens\ Ipdn®v A\ym-b-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ ]e

InkvXym-\n-I-fp-ap-≠v, AXp kw_-‘-ambn sP∂nßvkv

Xo¿∏p I¬∏n-°p-∂Xp t\m°pI:

A]mb ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-I-sf√mw ]mhw blq-Z-∑m¿°p-

≈-Xm-sW∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v ]gb \nba hmKvZ-Ø-ß-

sf√mw FSp-°p-∂-h-sc, AXn-eqsS Ah¿ henb sX‰p

sNøp-∂p-sh-∂m-tcm-]n®p \mw \ymb-ambpw Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øm-

dp≠v; F∂m¬ “ssZhØns‚ hmKvZØßsf√mw

InkvXp-tb-ip-hn¬ A∆Æw Xt∂” Bbncn-°-bm¬ Ah-

cpsS hmZ-Øn¬ kXy-Øn-t‚-Xmb Hcp LS-I-ap-≠v. bnkm-

tb-en-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ssZh-Øn\v IqSp-X¬ D]-

tbm-K-ßsfm∂pw C\n C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Cu Bizmk

]h-N-\-ßƒ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°p amX-am-bp-f-f-XmWv; Hcp

cmjvS-a-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ bnkm-tb-en\v AXn¬ bmsXmcp

]¶p-an-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn-emWv Ah¿ sX‰p sNøp-∂Xv!

Bflob kz`m-h-ap-ff GXp Imcyhpw C]-Imcw ]tbm-

P-\s∏SpØp-∂-Xn-eqsS ssZhw al-Xzs∏Ss´: Ir]-bp-

tS-Xmb ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, bnkm-

tb-en\p e`y-amb ùXnI A\p-K-l-ß-sf√mw Xs∂

Bflob A¿∞-Øn¬ AtX Ir]-bm¬ \ap-°p-f-f-Xm-

Wv. F∂m¬ ssZh-k` ]Xy-£-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v hfsc

°mew apºp-X-s∂, bnkm-tb-en\p Ah-Im-i-s∏-ń-´p-f-f-

Xpw, Xß-fpsS anin-lm-bmb tbip-hn-t\mSp XmZmflyw

]m]n-®-h-sc∂ \ne-bn¬ bnkm-tb-en\p t\cn´p \¬I-

s∏-ń-´p-f-f-Xp-amb B hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ \nh¿Øn-°p-I-bn-

√.(42)

II. Ncn-X-]-c-amb ]cn-h¿Ø\w: lnkv°n- bm-hns‚ ]pkvIw (A.36- 39)

Nne-t∏m-sg-¶nepw “lnkv°nbm-hns‚ ]pkvIw” F∂p

hnfn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-ff 36 apX¬ 39 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßƒ

sbi-øm-hns‚ ]pkvX-I-Ønse NcnX hn`m-K-am-Wv. 38:9 -

-20 hmIy-ßƒ HgnsI _m°n-sb√mw 2.-cm-Pm-°-∑m¿

18:13,17 ˛ 20:19 `mK-ß-fpsS IrXy-amb Bh¿Ø-\-am-Wv.

A. Aiq-cn¬ \n∂p-ff lnkv°n-bm-hns‚ hnSp-

X¬ (A.36,37)

1. Aiq-cns‚ ssZh-tØm-Sp-ff [n°mcw (A.36)

36:1˛3:˛ 36- mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬, Aiq¿ cmPm-hns‚ Hcp

ZqX-\mb c_vims° (A-£-co-I-ambn apJy ]m\-]mX

sbi-ømhv 34,35,36

857

hml-I≥, F¶nepw Kh¿W¿ AYhm apJy DtZym-K-ÿ≥

F∂ \ne-bnepw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p) lnkv°nbm cmPm-

hns‚ ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmbn Ab-bv°-s∏´ aq∂p t]sc Ae-

°p-Im-cs‚ hb-ense s]cp-h-gn-°-ep-ff taesØ If-

Øns‚ Iev]m-Øn-°-cnsI h®p I≠p ap´p-∂p. Acmapw

F -bn-ap-am-bp-ff kJy-X-bn¬ (7:3) \n∂pw Xs∂ c£n-

∏m≥ btlm-h-bn¬ Bi-bn-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw Aiq-cn¬

Bi-bn-°p-hm-\p-ff NmbvthmsS Blmkv \n∂Xv CtX

ÿm\Øp Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

36:4˛10:-˛ X∂n¬ Nmcn \n¬°p∂ GsXm-cp-h-t\bpw

thZ-\n-∏n-°p∂ \nIrjvS cmPy-amb ank-bo-ans‚ hmKvZm-

\ -ß-fn¬ Bi-bn -°p -∂Xp t`mj-Xz -am -sW∂p

c_vims° Ah¿°p ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv.

GsXmcp Imcy-Ønepw Xßƒ btlm-h-bn¬ Bi-bn-

°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ lnkv°n-bmhv btlm-h-

bpsS bmK-]o-T-ßfpw ]qPm-Kn-cn-Ifpw \o°w sNbvXp-

ht√m F∂v Ah≥ ]d-bp∂p; CXv H∂p-In¬ A⁄-X-

sIm≠p ]d-bp-∂-tXm, As√-¶n¬ a\x-]q¿∆w sX‰mbn

Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂tXm, ImcWw lnkv°n-bmhv hnK-lm-

cm-[-\m-]-c-amb ]qPm-Kn-cn-Iƒ \o°w sNbvXv Be-b-

Øn¬ btlm-h-bpsS Bcm-[\ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWp

sNbvX-Xv. sk≥sl-cn_v c≠m-bncw IpXn-c-Isf \¬Ip-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn-\p-th≠ IpXn-c-t®-h-Isc \¬Ip-hm≥

t]mepw blqZm cmPm-hn\p Ign-I-bn-s√∂v c_vim° ]cn-

l-kn-®p. blqZm ssk\y-Øn¬ th≠X Bfp-I-fn-√m-

Xn-cn-s°,- ankboay-cpsS klm-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ t]mepw

Ah¿°v Aiq-cns\ tXm¬∏n-°p-hm≥ Fßs\ Ignbpw?

HSp-hn¬ blq-Zsb \in-∏n-∏m≥ btlmh Aiq-cn-t\mSp

I¬∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah≥ sX‰mbn Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-

I-bm-Wv.

36:11-˛20:˛ c_vim-s°-bpsS F_mb `mj-bn-ep-ff

hºp-]-d-®nepw [n°m-c-]q¿∆-ap-ff oj-Wn-Ifpw blqZm

P\-Øns‚ at\m-hocyw sISp-Øn-°-f-bp-sa∂v lnkv°o-

bm-hns‚ ZqX-∑m¿ b-s∏- -Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ Acmay mj-

bn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ Ah-tcmSv Bh-iy-s∏- p. Ah-\Xp

\ntj-[n-®p-sh∂p amX-a-√, lnkv°n-bmhv sX‰mb kwc-

£Ww hmKvZm\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v P\sØ h©n-°p-I-

bm-sW∂v Ah≥ D®-Øn¬ hnfn-®p-]-d-bp-hm≥ XpS-ßn.

Ah\p Iog-S-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ [mcmfw £Ww \¬Ip-

sa∂pw AtXm-sSm∏w CXn\p kam-\-amb ê-`qbn-jvT-

amb tZiw HSp-hn¬ e`n-°p-sa∂pw Ah≥ Ah¿°v

hm°p sImSp-Øp. Xßƒ Iog-S-°nb ]´-W-ß-fpsS Hcp

]ńI (i-a-cybpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p) \nc-Øn-s°m-≠v,

Ah-cpsS ssZh-ßƒs°m∂pw Aiqcy BI-a-W-Øn¬

\n∂pw Ahsc c£n-∏m≥ Ign-™n-√. Asß-s\-sb-¶n¬

sbcp-i-te-an\v F¥p km[y-X-bm-Wp-f-f-sX∂v Ah≥

A¿∞-h-Ømbn tNmZn-°p-∂p. BZy-¥n-I-ambn ssZh-P\w

Iog-S-ßW-sa∂v c_vims° [n°m-c-]q¿∆w Xocp-am-\n-

°-bm-Wv.

36:21,22:˛ lnkv°o-bm-hns‚ Bfp-Iƒ cmP-I-ev]\

e`n® ]Im-cw, Ah-t\mSp adp-]Sn ]d-bp-hm≥ Xp\n-bmsX

cmPm-hns‚bSp-°¬ sN∂v Ahs‚ hm°p-Iƒ Ahs\

Adn-bn-®p.

2. ssZhw Aiq-cns\ \in-∏n-°p-∂Xv (A.37)

c_vim-s°-bpsS hm°p-IƒtI´ lnkv°obm cmPmhv

hfsc ZpxJnX\mbn Xo¿∂p. Be-b-Øn¬ t]mbn aS-

ßn-h∂ Ah≥ Hcp \nth-ZI kwLsØ sbi-øm ]hm-

N-Is‚bSp-°¬ Ab®p Ah-t\m-Sn-]-Imcw ]d™p;

“Ip™pßƒ P\n-∏m-dm-bn-cn-°p-∂p, ]k-hn-∏mt\m i‡n-

bn-√”. sP. F. Ae-Ivkm-≠¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se,

“Xohth-Z-\-bp-tS-bpw, Bk-∂-am-bn-cn-°p∂ A]-I-S-Øn-

t‚bpw k∂nKvZ Zi-bn-se-Øn® ASn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ-bp-tS-

bpw, Atijw i‡n-bn-√mØ Ah-ÿ-bp-tS-bpw, a‰p-f-f-

h-cpsS klm-b-Øn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn Bi-bn-°p∂ Hc-h-

ÿ-bp-tSbpw A¿∞-h-Ømb Hcp ]I-S-\-amWv “Be¶m-

cn-I-amb Cu ]kvXm-h-\.(43) c_vims°-bpsS ]cn-lmk

hm°p-Iƒ ]t£ btlmh tI v Ahs‚ hm°n\p ]Xn-

Imcw sNøp-am-bn-cn°pw F∂v hnizm-ksØ A[x-I-cn-

°p∂ ocp-Xz-Øn¬ lnkv°o-bmhv ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.

37:5-˛7:˛ A\-¥cw Aiq¿cm-Pm-hns\ `b-s∏-tS≠

bmsXmcp Imcy-hp-an-s√∂v btlmh ]hm-N-I-\mb sbi-

øm-hn-eqsS cmPm-hn\p Dd∏p \¬Ip-∂p. btlmh

sk≥sl-co-_n\p Hcp at\mhnàw (H-cp ]t£ Ah-

t_m[w sIm≠m-hmw) hcpØpw; Aßs\ Hcp ipXn

tIń´v Ah≥ kztZ-i-tØ°p aS-ßn-t∏m-Ipw, Ahn-sS-

h®p Ah≥ sIm√-s∏-Spw.

37:8˛13:˛ sbcp-i-te-an¬ \n∂p c_vims° aSßn

sk≥sl-co-_n-s‚bSp°¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ, emJo-in-

t\mSp t]mcm-Sn-bn-cp∂ sk≥sl-co_v AhnsS \n∂pw

]Øp ssa¬ hS°p ]Sn-™m-dp-amdn en_v\-bvs°-Xnsc

bp≤w sNøp-∂-Xm-bmWv ImWp-∂-Xv. ssk\y-Ønse

as‰mcp hn`mKw Xo¿®-bmbpw sbcp-itew \ntcm-[n-®n-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. At∏mƒ ank-bo-an¬ cWw \S-Øp∂ iqcy-

\mb Xn¿lm° Xßsf BI-an-°p-hm≥ hcp-∂p-sh-∂p-

ff Hcp ipXn tI´v taml-`wKw kw`-hn® sk≥sl-

co_v apºv c_vims° \S-Ønb A[n-t£-]-Øn\p Xpey-

ambn ssZhsØ \nµn-®p-sIm-≠p-ff Hcp IØv ZqX-∑m¿

hiw lnkv°o-bm-hn\p sImSp-Ø-b-bv°p-∂p. Aiq¿

cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS hnPb Ncn-X-ßƒ Hm¿∏n®p sIm≠v,

btlm-h-bn¬ Bi-bn-°p-∂-Xnse t`mjXzw Ah≥

FSpØp ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.

37:14--˛20:˛ B IØv Be-b-Øn¬ sIm≠p-sN∂v

btlm-h-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬ AXp hnS¿Øp-hm-\p-ff Hcp

\√ _p≤n lnkv°o-bm-hn-\p-≠m-bn. lkzhpw F∂m¬

lrZ-b-kv]r-°m-bXpw cmPm-hns‚ hnizmkw ]I-S-am-°p-

∂-Xp-amb Hcp ]m¿∞-\-bn¬, Ah≥ Aiq¿ cmPm-hns‚

Iøn¬ \n∂pw blq-Zsb hnSp-hn-∏m≥ btlm-h-tbm-S-t]-

£n-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ “\o Hcp-Ø≥ amXw `qan-

bnse k¿∆ cmPy-ßƒ°pw ssZh-am-Ip∂p” F∂p kIe

hwi-ßfpw Adn-bp-hm≥ CS-bmIpw F∂v Ah≥ ]d-bp-

∂p.

37:21-˛29:˛ sbi-ømhv apJm-¥ncw Hcp Ihn-X-bn-eqsS

btlmh DØ-c-a-cp-fp-I-bm-Wv. bp≤-Øn-\mbn ]pd-s∏-Sp∂

sbi-ømhv 36,37

858

sk≥sl-co-_ns\ ]cn-l-kn-°p∂ Hcp I\y-I-bmbn

BZyw sbcp-i-te-ans\ NnXo-I-cn-®ncn°p∂p. A\-¥cw

Xs∂ ]cn-l-kn-®-Xn-\pw, blq-Z-tbbpw ank-bn-an-t\bpw

CXn-t\m-SIw tXm¬∏n-®p-I-f-™p-sh∂ mhØn¬ hºp-

]-d-bp-∂-Xn\pw btlmh Aiq-cns\ A[n-t£-]n-°p-I-bm-

Wv. btlmh ]≠p-]t≠ \ncq-]n-®-Im-cy-ßƒ \S-∏n-em-

°p-∂-Xn-\v, Xs‚ Iønse Hcp ]Wb hkvXp amX-amWv

Ah-s\∂v ssZhw sk≥sl-co-_n-t\mSp ]d-bp-∂p. Cu

ZpjvS-cm-Pm-hns\ Ipdn-®p-ff kIe Imcy-ßfpw Adn-bm-

hp∂ B btlmh Xt∂, Hcp arKsØ aq°n¬ sImfp-

Øn´p hen®p sIm≠p t]mIp-∂Xp t]mse Ahsc Aiq-

cn-te°p aS-°n-s°m≠p t]mIpw.

37:30- 32:˛ Aiq-cns‚ IS-∂m-I-aWw \nanØw Cubm-

≠nepw ASpØ B≠nepw £y-h-kvXp-°ƒ ]cn-an-X-am-

bm-epw, aq∂mw B≠n¬ hnf-sh-Sp∏v km[m-cW \ne-bn-

te°v aSßn hcp-sa∂v lnkv°o-bm-hn-t\mSp btlmh

Acp-fn-sN-øp-∂p. sbcp-i-te-anse KqV ÿe-ß-fn¬ Hcp

D]-tcm-[-Øn\v Hcpßn Hfn-®n-cp-∂-h¿ ]pdØp h∂p km[m-

cW PohnXw ]p\-cm-cw-`n-°pw. Xs‚ P\sØ Ipdn-®p-

ff btlm-h-bpsS XojvW-X-bmWv AXns‚bpd-∏v.

37:33-˛35:˛ Aiq¿ cmPmhv sbcp-i-te-an¬ ]th-in-

°tbm AXns\ BI-an-°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw ASpØp

hcn-Itbm sNbvI-bn-s√∂v btlmh lnkv°o-bm-hn\p

Dd∏p \¬Ip-∂p. btlmh B \K-csØ ]men®p c£n-

°p-Ibpw AI-ansb Ah≥ h∂-h-gntb aS°n Ab-

bv°pIbpw sNøpw.

37:36:˛ AX-ßs\ Xs∂ kw`-hn®p btlm-h-bpsS

ZqX≥ cmXn-Im-eØp ]pd-s∏´p Aiq¿ ]mf-b-Øn¬ \q‰n-

sb¨]-Ø-øm-bncw t]sc sIm∂p-I-f-™p.

1815-˛¬ Fgp-X-s∏´ Cw•ojv `mj-bnse tijvT

IhnXIfn-sem∂v Cu kw`-hsØ \mS-Io-b-ambn Ah-

X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. hmb-\-°m-cn¬ ]e¿°pw hnim-e-amb Hcp

]pkvX-I-im-e-bn¬ ]th-in-∏m-\-h-k-c-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬, B

IhnX ]q¿Æ-ambpw ChnsS ]p\-cm-hn-jv°-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬

Hcp £am-]-W-Øns‚ Bh-iy-ap-s≠∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√.

sk≥sl-cn-_ns‚ \miw

Bń≥Iq-´-Øn-t∑¬ sN∂mbv F∂-t]mse

Aiq-cy¿ h∂p,

Ahs‚ ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ [qa-h¿Æ-Ønepw

s]m∂n-\mepw tim`n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p;

Bg-ap-ff Keo-e-bpsS D]-cn-X-e-Øn¬

\oe-Øn-c-am-e-Iƒ sas√ Ae-bv°p-tºmƒ

Ah-cpsS Ip¥-Øns‚ Xnf°w

IS-en-∑osX \£Xw F∂-t]msebmbn-cp∂p

Kojva-Øn¬ ]®-bm-bn-cn-°p∂

h\-Ønse Ce-Iƒt]mse

kqcy-kvX-a-b-Øn¬ ssk\yw Xß-fpsS

sImSn-I-tfm-sSm∏w ImW-s∏-ń-cp-∂p.

ic-Xv°m-e-°m‰v ASn®p]d-Ønb

h\-Ønse Ce-t]mse

]nt‰-Zn-hkw B ssk\yw

sImgn™p NnX-d-s∏´p t]mbn.

h≥Im-‰n-t∑¬ X≥ NndIp hnS¿Øn

sbØnb acW ZqX≥

IS-∂p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ iXp-°-fpsS apJ-tØ°v

DuXn-b-Xn-\m¬

Dd-ßp-∂-h-cpsS IÆp-Iƒ acW tlXp-I-ambn

XWpØv Ft∂-°p-ambv AS-™p-t]m-bn,

Hcn-°¬ izmk-sa-SpØ Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ

Ft∂-°p-ambn \ne-®p-t]mbn!

Xs‚ \mkm-c¥w hnim-e-ambn Xpd∂v

]S-Ip-Xnc AXm AhnsS InS-°p∂p

F∂m¬ AXn¬ IqSn Ct∏mƒ

Al-¶m-c-Øns‚ izmk-a√ ]h-ln-°p-∂Xv

]md-bn¬ Ae-X-√p∂ Xnc-am-ebpsS

XWpØ \o¿Øp≈nt]mse

Ahs‚ InX-∏ns‚ \pcbpw ]Xbpw

ssaXm-\-Øn¬ sh≈-\n-d-Øn¬ InS-°p-∂p.

]pcn-I-Øn¬ a™-Wn™pw

]S-®-´-bn¬ c‡-°d ]nSn®pw

hnIr-X-ambn hnfdn Aizm-cq-V≥

AXm AhnsS InS-°p∂p:

IqSm-c-Øn¬ BI-am\w \ni-_vZ-X˛

sImSn-Iƒ amXw tijn-°p-∂p˛

Db¿ØmsX Ip¥-ß-fpw˛

apg-ßmØ Iml-f-ß-fpw.

Aiq-cnse hn[-h-am¿ Dds° hne-]n-°p∂p

_mens‚ t£X-Øn¬ hnK-l-ßƒ XI¿°-s∏-

Sp∂p;

hmfm¬ tXm¬∏n-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp∂ PmXo-b-i‡n

sbi-ømhv 37

859

Dcp-In-t∏mbn!(44)

˛tPm¿÷v tPm¿U≥, temUv_tbm¨ (1788-˛1824)

37:37,38:˛ Xs‚ tZhs‚ t£X-Øn¬ h®v ]pX-∑m-

cmb AZ-ta-se-°v, itc-sk¿ F∂n-h-cm¬ sIm√-s∏-tS-

≠-Xn\p amX-ambn sk≥sl-co_v \n\-th-bn-te°v aS-

ßn-t∏m-bn.

B. lnkv°o-bm-hns‚ tcmKhpw hnSp-Xepw

(A.38)

38:1˛8:˛ Imem-\p-I-a-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ 38-˛mw

A≤ymbw 37- s‚ XpS¿®-b-√, ImcWw 6˛mw hmIy-Øn¬

ssZhw lnkv°o-bm-hn\p Aiq-cy-ò-j-Wn-bn¬ \n∂p-ff

hnSp-X¬ hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂p, F∂m¬ apºsØ A≤ym-

b-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-`m-KØv B òjWn CXn-t\m-SIw

Ah-km-\n-®n-cp-∂p.

lnkv°o-bm-hn\p acn-°-Ø° tcmKw ]nSn-s]- -t∏mƒ,

Bbp p \oń-°n- p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Xm≥ Bflm¿∞-ambn

ssZh-tØmSp ]m¿∞n-®p, Aßs\ Xs‚ ]nXm-hmb

Zmho-Zns‚ ssZh-amb btlmh Ah\v ]Xn-\-©p-h¿jw

\oń-s°m-Sp-Øp. Xm≥ tcmK-kuJyw ]m]n-°p-∂-Xn-

t‚bpw sk≥sl-co-_ns\ Bń-∏m-bn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw

AS-bm-f-ambn kqcy-KXn A\p-k-cn®p Cd-ßn-t∏m-bn-cn-

°p∂ \ng-ens\ ssZhw ]Øp-]Sn ]nt∂m°w Xncn-°p-

am-dm-°pw. F_m-b-`m-j-bn¬ 8˛mw hmIyw hnjaw ]nSn-

®-Xm-Wv. Hcp ]t£ Db-c-ap-f-f, \mep-h-i-ß-tfmSp IqSnb

Hcp kvamcI kvXw`w Blmkv ]Wn-Xn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-cn-

°-Ww, AXn¬ kabw Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Sn-Ifpw D≠m-

bn-cp-∂n-cn-°mw. lnkv°o-bmhv t\m°ns°m≠n-cn-s°,

ssZhw A¤p-X-I-c-ambn AXnse \ng¬ ]Øp-]Sn

]nt∂m°w Xncn-®p.

38:9˛15:˛ Xs‚ hnSp-X¬ ]Io¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn

lnkv°o-bmhv Hcp IhnX AYhm k¶o¿Ø\w Fgp-

Xn. NcnX hn`m-K-Ønse AXp-ey-amb `mKw CXmWv;

AXns‚ X\n-∏-I¿∏v 2 cmPm-°-∑m-cn¬ C√. Bbp- ns‚

a≤ym-”-Øn¬ Xm≥ acn-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂p-sh∂p tI´-

t∏mƒ X∂n¬ \nd™ ZpxJ-tØm-sS-bmWv AXv Bcw-

`n-°p-∂-Xv. Rm≥ btlm-h-sb,- Poh\pf-f-h-cpsS tZiØp

h®p btlm-hsb ImWp-I-bn√ F∂p-h-®m¬ btlm-h-

bpsS \∑ A\p-`-hn-°-bn√ F∂¿∞w `qhm-kn-I-fp-sS-

bn-S-bn¬ \n∂p Xm≥ tOZn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hcp CSb IqSmcw

FSpØp If-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse AYhm ]q¿Øn-bm-°-s∏´

Hcp XpWn-]m-hn¬ \n∂v AdpØp am‰p-∂-Xp-t]mse Xs‚

Bbp p Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ ASn-bm-ep-ff

Xs‚ \ncm-i-b-t_m-[w, Ibv]v, Bflm¿∞-X-tbm-sS-bp-

ff Xs‚ hn\o-Xm-`y¿∞-\, Xs‚ \n -lm-bm-hÿ

F∂nh Xm≥ hnh-cn-°p-I-bm-av.

38:16˛20:˛ F∂m¬ 16- mw hmIy-Øn¬ Hcp hyXymkw

D≠v. Cu IjvS-∏m-Sp-I-fm¬ a\p-jy≥ Pohn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw

a\p-jys‚ kz`m-h-Øn-t∑¬ Ahbv°v KpW-]-Z-amb

kzm[o-\-ap-s≠∂pw lnkv°o-bmhv a\- n-em-°p-∂p. acn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \n∂p ssZhw Ah-s\-

bn-t∏mƒ hnSp-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. btlmh Xs‚ ]m]-ßƒ

£an-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v cmPm-hn-\p-ff Hcp kqN-\-bm-

W-Xv. ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw th¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ Hc-hÿ

]gb \nba hnip-≤-∑m¿°p-≠m-bn-´p≠v F∂-Xns‚

Akv]-jvS-amb Hcp kqN-\-bmWv 18- mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]Xn-

^-en-°p-∂-Xv. Xm≥ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ

btlm-hbv°p \µn A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ X\n°p Ign-bp∂p;

IqSmsX btlm-h-bpsS hniz-kvXsb Ipdn®v Xs‚ a°-

tfmSp ]d-bp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂p. Poh-]-cy¥w btlm-hsb

kvXpXn®p al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Xm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p.

38:21,22:˛ Imem-\p-I-a-a-\p-k-cn®v Cu hmIy-ßƒ 6,7

hmIy-ßƒ°p at[y hcp-∂-XmWv A\p-tbm-Pyw. Ahsb

ChnsS ÿm]n-®-Xn-eqsS “AhcpsS _e-lo-\X F¥pX-

s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw ssZhw X\n°p X∂n-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂

Xm¬]cyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw, hn\n-tbm-Kn® D]m-[nbpw

AS-bmfw F¥p-sIm≠v \¬In F∂Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-I-bmWv” F∂v sI√n Fgp-Xp∂p.(45)

tcmKkuJysØ Ipdn-®p-ff \√ c≠p ]mT-ßƒ Cu

thZ`mKØp\n∂pw amXyp sl≥Sn \¬Ip∂p:

(1) ssZhoI hmKvZ-Ø-ßƒ \ncm-I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-\p-f-f-

X√ adn-®v, AXn\p-ff apJm-¥n-c-ß-fpsS D]-tbm-KsØ

Xzcn-X-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw t]m¬km-ln-∏n-°p-hm\pw BK-ln-

°-s∏- p-sIm-≠p-f-f-Xm-Wv. lnkv°o-bm-hn\v tcmK-kuJyw

hcpw F∂v Dd-∏mWv; F¶nepw Ah≥ Hcp AØn-∏-g-°´

sIm≠v h∂v ]cp-hn-t∑¬ ]pc-t´-≠-Xp≠v (hm.21). \mw

ssZhsØ hniz-kn-°msX Ahs\ ]tem-`n-∏n-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬, klm-b-Øn-\mbn Ah-t\m-S-t]-£n-°p-hm≥

\mw \ΩpsS ]b-Xv\-ßƒs°m∏w \ΩpsS ]m¿∞-\-

Isf A]-ap-J-cm-°-cp-Xv...(2) Bbp pw Btcm-Kyhpw

BK-ln-°p∂XneqsS \mw e£y-am-°p∂ kap-∂-X-amb

A¥y-êw ssZhsØ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-I, \∑-sN-øp-I,

]cn-⁄m-\-Ønepw ssZh-Ir-]-bnepw \mw apXn¿∂p hcp-

I, kz¿§-Ønse kam-K-a-Øn\p th≠n BImw-j-bp-f-f-

h-cm-bn-cn-°pI F∂nh Bbn-cn-t°-Ww(46).

C. lnkv°o-bm-hns‚ ]m]w (A.39)

39:1˛7:˛ lnkv°o-bm-hns‚ hnSp-X-e-dn-™v, Ahs\

A\p-tam-Zn-°p-hm≥ F∂ mth-\, _mt_¬ cmPm-hn-s‚-

b-Sp-°¬ \n∂p-sa-Ønb ]Xn-\n[n kwLsØ Xs‚

kº-sØm-t°bpw ImWn-®p-sIm-SpØ lnkv°o-bm-hns‚

Akm-[m-c-W-amb sX‰ns\ Ipdn-®mWv 39-˛mw A≤ym-b-

Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Aiq-cns‚ Itø-‰-tØm-

Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ _m_n-tem-\y¿ blq-Zsb klm-bn-

°p-sa∂v lnkv°o-bmhv ]Xym-in-®n-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww. kw -

hn-®-sXm-t°bpw Adn™ sbi-ømhv Ahsc kw_-‘n-

®p-ff ssZhoI \ymb-hn[n shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. blq-Zysb

_m_n-tem-\y¿ ASn-a-I-fm°n ]nSn®p sIm≠p-t]m-Ipw.

cmPm-hns‚ a°ƒ _mt_¬ cmPm-hns‚ cmP-[m-\n-bnse

jWvU-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°pw. CXp kw -hn-°p-∂-Xn\v Fgp-]Xp

h¿j-ßƒ°p apºmWv Cu ]h-N-\ßƒ D≠m-

sbi-ømhv 38,39

860

bXv; A∂v _mt_-e√, adn®v Aiq-cm-bn-cp∂p blq-Z-

bpsS ][m\ òj-Wn.

39:8:˛ “btlmh-bpsS hN\w \√Xv”! F∂p-ff

lnkv°o-bm-hns‚ ]Xn-I-c-W-Øn¬, Ahs‚ hnt[-b-

Xzhpw, B AXym-lnXw ImWp-hm≥ Xm≥ Pohn-®n-cn-°-

bn√ F∂p-ff Xs‚ Biz-k-hp-amWv ]Xn- -en-°p-∂-Xv.

III. `mhn-bnse ]hmk kw_-‘-ambImgvN -∏m -Sn¬ \n∂p -sIm -≠p -ffBizmk-Øns‚ ]h-N-\-ßƒ (A.40-˛66)

BZysØ ap∏-sØm≥]Xp A≤ym-b-ßƒ ]g-b-\n-ba

]pkvX-I-ß-tfmSp kmZr-iy-ap-f-f-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬,

anin-lm-bmb tbip-hns‚ Imcy-ßƒ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p∂

XpS¿∂p-ff Ccp-]-Øn-tbgp A≤ym-b-ßƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw

]pXnb \nba ]pkvX-I-ßƒ°p kZr-iy-am-Wv.

sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Cu `mKØv (A.40-˛66)

_m_n-tem\y ]hm-k-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff blq-Z-bpsS aS-

ßn-h-c-hpw, A\-¥cw InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶se

kIe PmXn-I-fp-tSbpw `mhn hos≠-Sp∏pw ]hm-N-I≥

ap≥Iqń Z¿in-°p-I-bm-Wv.

A. bnkm-tb-en\p hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ hnSp-Xep

kw_-‘n-®p-ff Bizmkw (A. 40-˛48)

1. ssZhoI £abpw kam-[m-\hpw aqe-ap-ff

Bizmkw (40:1˛11)

40:1,2:˛ aS-ßn-h-cp∂ ]hm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

Hcp Bizmk ktµ-i-hp-am-bn-´mWv 40-˛mw A≤ymbw

Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. sbcp-i-te-ans‚ IjvS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ F√mw

Xo¿∂p, Ah-fpsS AIr-Xy-ßƒ tamNn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p,

Ahƒ Xs‚ kIe ]m]-ßƒ°pw ]Icw btlm-h-bpsS

Iøn¬ \n∂pw Cc-ń-bmbn (F∂p h®m¬ Aa¿Øn

Ipep°n Ihn-bp-s∂m-c-f-hv) ]m]n-®p-an-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-

hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ AXp ]q¿Æ-ambn km£m-XvI-

cn-°-s∏-Spw. B Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Xs∂ Cu ]g-b-`q-an-

bv°pw, k -bv°p-t]mepw Bizm-k-Øns‚ hf-sc-b-[nIw

Bh-iy-ap-≠m-Ipw. ssZh-P-\sØ Biz-kn-∏n-∏m≥ \ap-

t°m-tcm-cp-Ø¿°pw Ign-bpw.

Bizm-k-Øns‚ ]tbm-K-Nm-Xp-cy-Øn¬ \n\°p

]cn-io-e\w e`n-∏m≥ ssZhtØmSt]£n°:

At∏mƒ B¿Z-X-bp-sS-Xmb Hcp Pohn-X-Øn-te°v

\ns∂ hnip-≤o-I-cn®p th¿Xn-cn-°pw.

kIe lrZ-b-ß-fnepw tcmKw `mc-ap-f-f-Xm-I-bm¬

InkvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse kv]¿in-°p∂

BizmkZmb-Isc A[nIw Bh-iy-ambv hcpw

F.-C. lman¬´¨

40:3˛5:˛ “btlmhbv°p hgn Hcp-°p-hn≥” F∂p

hnfn®p ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. InkvXp-hns‚ H∂mw hc-hn-¶-¬

apt∂m-Sn-bpsS tPmen \n¿∆-ln-®-Xv tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-

I-\m-bn-cp∂p (a-Øm. 3:3); c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ AXp Gen-

bmhv \n¿∆-ln°pw (ae: 4:5,6). Xs‚ hc-hn\p th≠n-bp-

ff Hcp-°-ßƒ kZm-Nm-c-]-chpw Bflo-b-hp-amWv;

A√msX ]IrXn P\yhpw a\pjy \n¿Ωn-X-hp-amb khn-

ti-j-X-I-fp-f-f-X-√. tam¿K≥ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv t\m°p-I.

a\p-jy-cn¬ hniz-kvX-cm-b-h¿ Xß-fpsS ]q¿Æ

Bflm¿∞X Ah\p hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw Ah-\n¬

amXw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ Ah¿ Ah\p hgn

Hcp-°p-Ibpw s]cp-hgn \nc-∏m-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (47)

a\p-jy-cn¬ Al-¶m-cn-Ifpw K¿∆n-I-fp-am-b-hsc Ip∂p-

Ifpw ae-Ifpw ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p, Xmgva-bp-f-f-hsc

Xmgvhc-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. \nc-∏-√m-ØXpw ]cp-]-cp-Ø-

Xp-amb F√m-kz-`m-h-co-Xn-Ifpw ka-ambn Xotc-Ww.

btlm-h-bpsS alXzw (F∂p h®m¬ btlmh Xs∂)

shfn-s∏-Spw. kIe PUhpw Hcp-t]mse AXns\ ImWpw

(sh-fn.1:7 t\m°p-I).

40:6- 8:˛ ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w Ft∂°pw \ne-\n¬°p-

∂-Xm-sW∂pw Xßƒ £W-`w-Kp-c-cm-sW∂pw a\p-jy-

tcmSp “hnfn®p ]d-bp-hn≥” btlmh ]hm-N-I\p

\n¿t±iw \¬Ip-∂p. kIe a\p-jy-cp-tSbpw £Wn-I-X-

sb-bmWv Cu hmIy-ßƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n-epw, ]tXy-

Im¬ bnkm-tb-ense tae-[n-Im-cn-I-sf-bmWv AXp

A¿∞-am-°p-∂-Xv.

“\ΩpsS ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\tam Ft∂°pw \ne-

\n¬°pw” F∂pf-fXv At\I InkvXob kvIqfp-Iƒ

Xß-fpsS BZ¿i-h-N-\-ambn kzoI-cn-®n-´p≠v; km[m-c-

W-bmbn eØo≥ mj-bn-emWv Ah-cXp]tbm-Kn-°m-dp-

f-f-Xv. AXp kw_-‘-am-bp-ff hneyw sI√n-bpsS A`n-

]mbw t\m°pI:

Ah-km\w ASp-°p-t¥mdpw ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ Bi-

bn-°p-hm≥ \n¿hym-PX \ap°v hf-sc-b-[nIw Bh-iy-am-

Wv. \mw Bbn-cn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ A]-Im-c-am-Ip-hm≥

sshj-ay-ß-fp-≠mImw. \nXy-XtbmSpff _‘-Øn¬

hniz-kn-t®¬∏n-°p-hm≥ ssZh-h-N\w _e-lo-\-am-

sW∂p tXm∂n-tb-°mw, F∂m¬ bYm¿∞-Øn¬

BImiw, qan, Ch-tb-°mƒ \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xv AXm-Wv.(48)

40:9˛11:˛ anin-lm-bpsS hc-hnse kphm¿Øm `qXn-I-

fm-bn-cn°mw Hcp ]t£ kntbm≥, As√-¶n¬ kntbm-

\n-te°v B hm¿Ø sIm≠p hcp-∂Xv kvXoI-fmb Nne

kphm¿Øm ZqXn-I-fm-bn-cn-°mw. (A-hnsS “\o” F∂p≈Xv

kvXoenwK-am-Wv). ssZh-Øns‚ sshin-jvSyhpw Iqc-

Xbpw 10,11 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p˛ Xs∂ a\- n-

em-°p-∂Xp \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-tcm-Sp-ff Iqc-X-bpw, PmXn-

I-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ NnX-d-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ Xs‚ Bń≥ Iq´-

ß-tfmSpw Ip™m-Sp-I-tfm-Sp-ap-ff im¥-amb Xs‚

sshin-jvSy-ß-fpw. i‡n-bnepw al-Xz-Øn-ep-ap-ff Xs‚

hc-hn-s\-bmWv Cu hmIy-ßƒ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

2. ssZhØns‚ ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ \n∂p-ff Bizmkw

(40:12- 31)

40:12:˛ hnK-l-ß-fpsS \n m-c-amb ambm taml-Øn¬

\n∂pw XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-ambn ssZh-Øns‚ tijvT-

X-bpsS imizX amXr-I-bmb Hcp `mKw ChnsS Bcw-`n-

sbi-ømhv 40

861

°p-I-bm-Wv. Xs‚ D≈w ssIsIm≠v btlmh IS-ense

sh≈w Af-∂n- p-≠v, NmWp-sIm≠v BIm-i-Øns‚ ]cn-

amWw FSp-Øn- p≠v; Xs‚ X≈-hn-c-ens‚ AKw apX¬

sNdp-hn-c-ens‚ AKwhsc-b-pff Zqc-amWv Hcp Nm¨

F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. qan-bpsS s]mSn Hcp \mgn-bn¬ Ah≥

sIm≈n-®n-´p-≠v. (G-I-tZiw c≠p Kyme≥ Af-hv).

40:13,14:˛ btlm-h-bpsS a\ v Bcpw Hcn-°epw Bcm-

™-dn-™n- n-√. krjvSn kw_-‘-amb Xs‚ ]hr-Ønbpw

Znhy-]-cn-]m-e-\hpw Xm≥ \n¿∆-ln-®n-cp-∂Xpw Ct∏mƒ

\n¿∆-ln-°p-∂Xpw ]c-k-lmbw IqSm-sX-bm-Wv.

40:15-˛17:˛ Ahs\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw PmXn-Iƒ

Xpem-s°m-´-bnse Hcp Xp≈n-t]mse \n m-c-∑m-cmWv.

se_m-t\m≥ h\-ßƒ hnd-In\p t]mc, AXnse arK-ß-

sf√mw IqSn Ah-\p-tbm-Ky-amb Hcp tlma-bm-K-Øn\p

XnI-bp-∂n-√.

40:18-˛26:˛ CX tijvT-\mb Hcp ssZhsØ NnXo-I-

cn-°p-hm≥ a\p-jy-\n¿Ωn-X-amb GXp ]Xn-abv°p Ign-

™n-´p≠v? [\-hm≥ Xs‚ hnK-lsØ hne-tb-dnb

temlw sIm≠pw Zcn-Z≥ Xs‚ hnK-lsØ XSn-

sIm≠pw D≠m-°p-∂p. XnI®pw hnVvUnØw! btlm-h-

bpsS i‡nsb Ipdn®pw Ahs‚ A[n-Im-csØ

Ipdn®pw Ah¿ Adn-Itbm tIƒ°tbm sNbvXn- n-√tbm?

\£-X-ßsf D≠m-°n-b-hs‚ hocy amlmflyw ]nSn-®-S-

°p-hm≥ GsXmcp hnK-l-Øn\p Ign-™n-´p≠v? cmXn-

bn¬ ]pdØp hcp-∂-Xn\v Ah≥ Ahsb t]¿sNm√n

hnfn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-bn¬ H∂pw Ipd™p ImWp-I-bn-√.

40:27-˛31:˛ blqZm P\-Øn¬ Bsc-¶n-epw, ssZhw

Ct∏mgpw Xßƒ°p th≠n Icp-Xp-∂pt≠m F∂-Xn¬

\ncm-i-s∏t´m ktµ-lnt®m Bbn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Hcp

Imcyw Ah¿ a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v btlm-hsb ImØn-

c-n°p∂h¿°p ]pXp-i‡n hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏-´n-´p-≠vv.

BIm-i-Ønse \£-X-ßƒ°p, CX-amXw IrXy-ambn

Xm≥ am¿§ \n¿t±iw \¬Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Ah-sb-°mƒ

Ipd™ coXn-bn¬ Xs‚ Xz¥w P\-Øn-\p-th≠n Xm≥

Icp-Xp-∂p-sh∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂Xp Xs∂ t`mj-Ø-am-Wv.

3. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]cn-ip-≤-\m-b-h-\n¬ \n∂p-ff

Bizmkw (A.41)

41:1:˛ Xm\p-am-bn-´p-ff Hcp kΩp-Jo-I-c-W-Øn\p

ssZhw PmXn-Isf £Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv, Ah¿ i‡nsb

]pXp-t°-≠-Xp-≠v, F∂p-h-®m¬ Xß-fpsS i‡-amb

\ymb-hm-Z-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI F∂¿∞w.

41:2˛4:˛ Ing-°p-\n-∂p-f-f-h-\mb tImsc-ins‚ hnfnsb

Ipdn-®mWv btlmh BZyw ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ct∏mgpw `mhn kw_-‘-ambncn°p∂ AXns‚ ÿnco-

I-c-W-Øn\p th≠n-bmWv ChnsS `qX-Imew D]-tbm-Kn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 2,3 hmIy-ßƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv A_-lm-

ans‚ hnfn-sb-bm-sW∂v Nne hymJym-Xm-°ƒ Nn¥n-°p-

∂p-sh-∂Xv ChnsS ]kvXm-hn-t°-≠-Xp≠v; F∂m¬

ChnsS ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ hy‡n-bpsS ssk\oI

hnP-b-ßƒ A_-lm-ans‚ t\´-ßsf AXy¥w

\njv]am°p-∂p. Cu a\p-jy\v (]m¿kn cmPm-hmb

tImsc-iv) hnP-b-ß-fpsS XpS¿®-bmb Hcp NcnXw Xs∂-

bp-≠v. Xs‚ \io-I-cW ]mX-bn-ep-ff GXp ]Xn-_-‘-

ßfpw X\n°p s]mSn-t]m-sebpw Xmf-Sn-t]m-sebpw _e-

lo\amWv. Ahs\ kw_-‘n-®n-tØmfw ]pXp-Xm-bp-ff

ÿm\ßfn-te°v Ah≥ AXn-thKw apt∂-dn-s®-√p-∂p.

tImsc-ins\ DW¿Øn-b-h\pw a‰p-≈-h-cpsS ta¬ Pbw

]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\v Hcp Xe-ap-dsb hnfn-®-h\pw Bcv?

BZy\pw A¥y-∑m-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS-˛-F-∂p-h-®m¬ Ah-km-

\sØ Xe-ap-d-tbm-Sp-Iq-sS- -A-\-\y-\p-amb btlm-h-bm-W-

Xv. Ah≥ C∂p-sa-t∂°pw A\-\y≥ Xt∂.

41:5˛7:˛ tPXm-hns‚ kao-]-\sØ Ipdn-®-dn™ PmXn-

Iƒ `b-s∏-Sp -∂p. `b-s∏-Sm-s\m-∂p-an -s√∂v P\w

At\ym\yw ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ ian-°p-I-bm-Wv. A\-

¥cw \mi-Øn¬ \n∂pw Xßsf c£n-t°-≠-Xn\v Ah¿

QSp-Xn-bn¬ Hcp hnK-lsØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Ai-‡-

\mb hnK-lsØ Cf-ImsX Dd-∏n-t°-≠-Xn\v Ah¿

BWn hbv°p-I-bmWv!

41:8˛10:˛ ssZh-Øn\p Xs‚ P\-tØm-Sp-ff kvt\l-

tØbpw Icp-X-en-t\bpw Ipdn-®mWv 8˛20 hmIy-ß-fn¬

hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CX-amXw hm’-ey-tØmsS hnK-

l-ßƒ Fs∂-¶nepw \nßsf Icp-Xn-bn-´pt≠m? F∂

tNmZy-amWv AXn¬ A¥¿eo-\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. I¬`b

]´-W-amb Ducn¬ \n∂pw ssZhw Ahsc Xs‚ Zmk-

\m-bn-cn-∏m≥ hnfn®p th¿ Xncn®p; IqSmsX sbiøm

]pkvX-I-Ønse G‰hpw BI¿j-I-amb hmIy-ß-fn¬

H∂m-b,

`b-s∏-tS-≠, Rm≥ \nt∂m-Sp-Iq-sS-bp≠v; `an®p

t\mt°-≠, Rm≥ \ns‚ ssZh-am-Ip∂p; Rm≥ \ns∂

i‡o-I-cn-°pw, Rm≥ \ns∂ klm-bn°pw; Fs‚ \oXn-

bp-ff he-ss¶-sIm≠v Rm≥ \ns∂ Xmßpw;

F∂ hmIy-Øn-eqsS Xs‚ km∂n[yhpw Iq´m-bvabpw

klm-bhpw kpÿn-c-amb i‡nbpw Ah≥ Ah¿°p

hmKvZm\w sNbvXp.

41:11- 16:˛ Ah-cpsS iXp-°ƒ \in-®p-C-√m-sX-bmIpw;

ssZhw Ah-cpsS klm-b-I\pw hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c\pw

BIp-∂p. ssZhw bnkm-tb-ens\ PmXn-Iƒ°p t\sc-

bp-ff Xs‚ saXn-h-≠n-bm°n Xo¿°pw; bnkm-tb¬

Xß-fpsS ssZh-amb btlm-h-bn¬ amXw tLmjn-®p-√-

kn-°pw.

41:17-˛20:˛ btlmh Ffn-b-h-tcbpw Zcn-Z-tcbpw kwc-

£n-°pw. kl-km_vZ `qan-bn¬ sh≈w [mcm-f-ap-≠m-

bn-cn-°pw; acp- q-an-Iƒ ]e-Xcw hr£-ßƒ sIm≠p kar-

≤-am-Ipw. X\n°p kz¥-am-b-Xns\ ssZhw kwc-£n-

°p∂p F∂Xv Xo¿®-bmbpw kI-e¿°pw Hcp ]mT-am-bn-

cn-°pw.

41:21-˛24:˛ 21˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ PmXn-I-fp-am-bp-ff Xs‚

X¿°-Øn-te°v ssZhw Xncn-bp-∂p. kw`-hn-∏m-\p-ffXv

]kvXm-hn-∏m-t\m, As√-¶n¬ BZy-Im-cy-ßƒ C∂n-∂n-

h-sb-∂p hnh-cn-∏mt\m Ign-bp∂ tZh-∑m-cp-s≠-¶n¬

sbi-ømhv 40,41

862

sIm≠p hcn-I-sb∂v ssZhw Ahsc sh√p-hn-fn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. taem¬ kw`-hn-∏m-\p-ffXp Ah¿ ]kvXm-hn-°-s´,

As√-¶n¬ Ah¿°p C∂n-∂Xp sNøp-hm≥ km[n-°p-

sa∂v ImWn-t°-≠-Xn\v \∑-sb-¶nepw Xn∑-sb-¶nepw

Ah¿ sNøs´! F∂m¬ Ah¿s°m∂pw sNøp-hm≥ Ign-

bp-∂n-√. Ah¿ C√m-bvabpw Ah-cpsS ]hrØn

\mkvXnbpw BIp-∂p. (49)

41:25-˛28:˛ hS°p \n∂p-ff Hcp-h-\mbn 25-˛mw hmIy-

Øn¬ tImsciv ho≠pw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah≥ BZyw

]m¿kn-bn¬ (In-g°v ˛ hm.2) \n∂p-amWv h∂-Xv, A\-

¥cw Ah≥ taZy (h-S-°v) Iog-S°n; ho≠pw AhnsS

\n∂v Xs‚ BI-aW apt∂‰w XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. Xs∂

\S-Øp-Ibpw i‡o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-\mbn Ah≥

ssZhsØ a\- n-em-°n-b-Xp-sIm-≠v, B A¿∞-Øn-

emWv tImsciv ssZh-Øns‚ \maw hnfn-®-t]-£n-®Xv

(F-km. 1:2). tImsc-ins‚ hc-hn-s\- Ip-dn®v Hcp tZh\pw

ap≥Iqń ]kvXm-hn-®n-ń-√. ssZhw Xs‚ P\sØ AXv

ap≥Iqń Adn-bn-®p. F∂m¬ B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn kwkm-

cn-°p∂ Hcp-h-t\bpw tZh-∑m-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ Ah\p ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. Ah-sb√mw hymPhpw hniz-kn-∏m≥

tbmKy-a-√m-Ø-h-bp-am-Ip-∂p.

41:29:˛ 41-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ Ah-km\ hmIyw

hnesI´ “hnKlßfpw” ssZhhpw XΩn-ep-ff hyXymkw

hy‡-ambpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. aueo-I-Xz-ap-f-f-Xn-t\mSv

hfsc kmay-ap-f-f-Xm°n Xmgpw ImWpw hn[w ssh≥

AXp Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂p:

Ah-sb√mw t\m°pI! ambm-tamlw! Ah-cpsS ]hr-

Øn-Iƒ \mkvXn-btX; hm¿Øp-≠m-°nb Ah-cpsS hnK-

l-ßƒ Im‰pw iq\yhpw Xt∂.(50)

4. btlm-h-bpsS Zmk-\n¬ \n∂p-ff Bizmkw

(A.42)

42:1˛4:˛ anin-lm, bnkm-tb¬ P\w, P\-Ønse

ssZhnI tijn-∏v (43:10), tImsciv F∂n-h-tcm-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬ “Zmk≥” F∂ \maw sbi-ømhv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-

≠v. km[m-cW \ne-bn¬, CXn¬ GXns\ Dt±-in-®mWv

Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v AXns‚ ]›m-Øew hy‡-am-

°p-∂p. 1˛4 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

In-kvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p. Ah≥ ssZh-Øm¬

Db¿Ø-s∏- -h\pw Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h\pw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-

hn-\m¬ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏- -h\pw BIp-∂p. Ah≥ PmXn-

I-tfmSp \ymbw ]kvXm-hn-°pw, Ah≥ \ne-hn-fn®p H®-

bp-≠m-°p-I-bn-√, bYm¿∞ ]›m-Øm]sØ Ah≥

NX®pIf-I-tbm, hnizm-k-Øns‚ Hcp kv]pc-WsØ

sISp-Øn-I-f-Itbm sNbvI-bn-√. `qan-bn¬ Xs‚ \oXn-

bp-ff cmPyw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Ah≥ Xf-cp-I-bn-√,

Ass[-cy-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an-√.

42:5˛9:˛ k¿∆-i-‡-\mb kjvSmhmw ssZhw Ct∏mƒ

anin-lmsb A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-≠v, Xm≥ \oXn-

tbmsS hnfn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ch-\n-eqsS \nh¿Øn-°p-hm≥

Dt±-in-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ Acp-fn-s®-øp-I-bm-Wv. ssZhw

Xs‚ alXzw as‰m-cp-Ø-\p-ambn ]¶p-h-bv°p-I-bn√;

F√m-‰n-t\-°mfpw A[-a-am-b hnK-l-ß-fp-ambn Hml-cn-

bn-Sp-Itbm sNbvI-bn√: Xm≥ ]≠p ]kvXm-hn-®Xp

Ct∏mƒ kw`-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, Ct∏mƒ Xm≥ hcp-hm-\p-f-

fXp Hcn-°¬ IqSn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

42:10-˛13:˛ Xs‚ iXp-°-fpsS ta¬ ]Xn-Imcw \S-

tØ-≠-Xn\v bp≤-ho-cs\ t]mse Cd-ßn-h-cp∂ anin-

lmbv°p kvXpXn-]m-Sp-∂-Xn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp-hm≥ `qan-bpsS

A‰Øp \n∂p-ffhtcbpw H‰-s∏-´p-In-S-°p-∂-h-tcbpw

bnkm-tb¬ hnfn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ad-_n-Ifpw Cu ]pXnb

]mń¬ ]¶p-tN-cp-sa-∂mWv tIZm¿, tkem F∂o kqN-

\-Iƒ sIm≠¿∞am°p-∂-Xv.

42:14-˛17:˛ ChnsS btlm-h-bmWp kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

ssZh-Øns‚ Bfl-\n-b-¥-W-Øns‚ Imew Ign-™p-

t]m-bn; Ct∏mƒ Xm≥ Xs‚ iXp-°-fpsS ta¬ Xs‚

DK-tIm]w Agn®p hnSpw, bnkm-tb-ens‚ hniz-kn-°p∂

tijn-∏n-t\mSv Xm≥ Zb ImWn°pw; IqSmsX hnK-lm-

cm-[n-I-sf-sb√mw Xm≥ ]q¿Æ-ambpw e÷n-∏n-°pw.

42:18-˛22:˛ 19-˛mw hmIy-Øn-te°v hcp-tºmƒ ChnsS

“Zmk≥” C\n anin-lmb√ adn-®v, btlm-h-bpsS hm°p-

I-tfmSpw ]hr-Øn-I-tfmSpapff _‘-Øn¬ Ipcp-S\pw

sNIn-S-\p-am-b-h≥ bnkm-tb-em-Wv. “Fs‚ Zmk-\-√msX

Ipcp-S-\m¿?” F∂Xp-sIm-≠¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv Hcp ]t£

hnti-jm-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ XnI-™-h≥ Bcp≠p F∂mhmw

As√-¶n¬ “Rm≥ Bi-bn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ah-s\-t∏mse

Ipcp-S≥ Bcp≠p?” (JND) AYhm “Rm\p-ambn kam-

[m-\-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-s\-t∏mse AX-amXw Ipcp-S-\m-

bn-cn-°p-∂-h≥ Bcp≠v?” (NASB) F∂pw hnh¿Ø\w

sNø-s∏-Smw. bnkm-tb-ens\ btlm-h-bp-am-bp-ff Hcp DS-

ºSn _‘-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂n-cn-°-bm-Wv. F∂m¬

Ahƒ Ah-fpsS D∂X hnfn°p tbmKy-amw-hÆw \S-

∂n-√. btlmh Xs‚ \ymb-]-am-WsØ tijvT-am°n;

AXv Ah\v ]km-Z-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ bnkm-tb¬

AXns\ BZ-cn-°msX \nµn®p If-™p. XXv^-e-ambn

Ah¿ tamjvSn®pw Ih¿∂pw t]mbn-cn-°p∂ Hcp P\-

ambn Xo¿∂p; Ah¿ Imcm-Kr-l-Øn-e-S-bv°-s∏-´p.

42:23- 25:˛ “\nßfn¬ B¿ AXn\p sNhn -sIm-Sp°pw?

bmt°m-_ns\ sImf-f-bmbpw bnkm-tb-ens\ Ih¿®-

°m¿°pw G¬∏n®p sImSp-Ø-h≥ B¿? btlmh Xs∂-

bt√m; Ah-t\mSp \mw ]m]w sNbvXp t]mbn”F∂nßs\ sbiøm ]hm-N-I≥ tNmZn-°bmWv. ssZhw

Xs‚ DK-tIm-]hpw bp≤-Im-Tn-\yhpw bnkm-tb-ens‚

ta¬ ]I¿∂p; F∂m¬ Hcp-Øs\¶nepw Ahs‚ in£-

W-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw a\- n-emtbm AXp Iq´m-°p-Itbm

sNbvXn-√.

5. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]p\-cp-≤m-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff

Bizmkw (A.43,44)

43:1˛7:˛ Xßsf krjvSn-®-hcpw \n¿Ωn-®-h\pw hos≠-

Sp-Ø-h\pw t]¿s®m√n hnfn-®-h-\p-am-b-h≥, Xobnepw

s]cp-sh-≈-Ønepw Ah-tcm-Sp-Iq-sS-bp-f-f-Xp sIm≠v

sbi-ømhv 41,42,43

863

Xs‚ P\w `b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√-sb∂v btlmh hm’-ey-

tØmsS Ah¿°p Dd∏p \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-ens‚

]cn-ip-≤-\mb btlmh ank-bo-ans\ Ah¿°p adp-hn-e-

bmbn sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂p; blq-Z-∑m¿ ]hm-k-Øn¬

\n∂pw aS-ßn-h∂ tijw B hmKvZØw \nh¿Øn-°-

s∏-´p. ssh≥ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv:

Ahsc kzX-¥-cm-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

btlmh ]m¿kn cmPm-hmb tImsc-in\p ]Xn-^ew

\¬In, ank-bn-an-t\bpw AXns‚ Ab¬ cmPy-ß-tfbpw

]nSn-®-S-°p-hm≥ ssZhw Ah-t\bpw Ahs‚ ]pX-\mb

Iymºn-sk-kn-t\bpw A\p-h-Zn-®p. sh≈-ss\en-t‚bpw

\oe ss\en-t‚bpw at[y-bp-ff henb ]hn-iy-bm-bn-cp∂

tk_, Ipin-t\mSp sXm´p InS-∂n-cp-∂p. Cu tZi-ß-

fpsS DS-a-ÿX tIh-e-samcp Zm\-am-bn-cp-∂n√ adn®v

AsXmcp hos≠-Sp∏p hne-bm-bn-cp-∂p. (Hcp tIms^¿

AYhm Bh-c-Ww); BcpsS t]cn¬ B hne sImSp-

Øpthm Ah¿ AXn-\m¬ Bh-cWw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p.(51)

bnkm-tb¬ hne-tb-dn-b-h\pw am\y\pw ssZh-Øm¬

kvt\ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-\p-am-I-bm¬ Ah≥ Ah\p ]I-c-

ambn a\p-jysc \¬Ipw F∂p h®m¬, Xs‚ ]pX-∑m-

tcbpw ]pXn-am-tcbpw tZi-tØ°v aS°n hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-

t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ \mep Zn°p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw \ymb-

hn[n PmXn-I-fp-sS-ta¬ hcp-Øp-sa-∂¿∞w. B ]p\-cp-

≤m-c-WsØ Ipdn-®mWv 5˛7 hmIy-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv.

43:8˛13:˛ hna¿i-\m-fl-I-amb Hcp ]cn-tim-[-\-bv°mbn

btlmh bnkm-tb-en-t\bpw PmXn-I-tfbpw £Wn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. hcpw Imcy-ßƒ ]kvXm-hn-∏m-\p-ff hnK-l-ß-

fpsS Ignhv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ km£n-Isf sIm≠p

hcs´; A√mØ ]£w btlmh Xs∂ kXy-ssZhw

F∂p Ah¿ a\- n-em-°-s´. ssZhw Xs‚ km£n-I-

fmbn(52) bnkm-tb-ens\ hnfn-°p∂p; Xm≥ amX-amWp

kXy-ssZ-h-sa-∂pw, Xm≥ \nXy-\m-sW-∂pw, Xm\-√msX

Hcp c£n-Xm-thm, hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-ct\m C√-sb∂pw Xs‚

hn[n-Ifpw ]hr-Øn-Ifpw [z\n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√-sb∂pw

Ah¿ km£y-s∏-Sp-tØ-Ww.

43:14-˛21:˛ bnkm-tb-en\p th≠n _mt_-ens\ ASn-

®-a¿Øp-hm≥ ssZhw Xocp-am-\n-®n-cp-∂p. bnkm-tbens‚

]cn-ip≤\pw kjvSm-hpw, cmPm-hp-amb btlm-h-bmWv

Xms\∂v CXn-\m¬ Ah¿°p shfn-s∏-Spw. ]n¥p-S¿∂p

h∂ ank-bn-ans\ \in-∏n®v sN¶-S-en-eqsS Xßsf

A°sc IS-Øn-b-h-\mWv Xm≥. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ Xm≥

sNøp-hm≥ t]mIp∂ Imcy-ß-fp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-

tºmƒ ank-bo-an¬ \n∂p-ff ]pd-∏mSv ad-°-Ø-°-Xm-Wv.

Xs‚ P\w ]hm-k-Øn¬ \n∂pw aSßn hcp-∂-Xn-\m¬

Ah¿°p th≠n Xm≥ acp-`q-an-bn¬ Hcp hgn sXfn-°pw.

]pXp-°-s∏´ qan-bn¬, \n¿÷\ ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ t]mepw

[mcmfw sh≈-ap-f-f-Xn-\m¬ acp- q-an-bnse arK-ßƒ \µn-

bp-f-f-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-t]mse ssZh-P\hpw \µn-bp-

f-f-h-cmbn Ahs‚ \masØ kvXpXn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn°pw.

43:22-˛24:˛ bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]hm-k-Øn\p apºp-ff

Zn\-ß-fn-te°v Cu hmIy-ßƒ aS-ßn-s®-√p-I-bm-Wv. P\w

btlm-h-tbmSp hnfn-®-t]-£n-°m-sXbpw Xs‚ \nanØw

A≤zm-\n-°msX aSp-∏p-f-f-h-cmbpw Ccp-∂p. a\- n-√m-a-\-

t msS Ah¿ hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ sIm≠p-h-∂n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw

Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw AI-∂n-cp∂p,

AXp-sIm-≠vv bmK-ßƒ \S-Øm-Ø-Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-cp∂p

AXv. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS AIr-Xy-ßƒ sIm≠-√msX hgn-

]m-Sp-Iƒ sIm≠v ssZhsØ IjvS-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´n√!

43:25-˛28:˛ F∂n´pw ssZhw Xs‚ Icp-W-bn¬ Ah-

cpsS AIr-Xy-ßƒ ambn®p If-bp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS ]m]-

ßƒ £an-°p-Ibpw Ahsb Hm¿°m-Xn-cn-°bpw sNøp-

∂p. F¥p-sIm≠v Ah≥ CsX√mw sNø-W-sa-∂-Xn\v

Fs¥-¶nepw tbmKyX Ah¿°v Xß-fn¬ Xs∂ Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-hm-\pt≠m! C√. BZmw apX¬ XpS¿®-bmbn

]cm-P-b-Øn-t‚bpw ]m]-Øn-t‚bpw Ncn-X-am-W-h¿°p-f-

f-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Xs‚ \ymb-hn[n Ah-cpsS ta¬

h∂-Xv.

44:1˛5:˛ Xs‚ P\sØ Ipdn-®p-ff ssZh-Øns‚ lrZ-

an-Sn-∏p-Iƒ Cu hmIy-ß-fn-eqsS \ap°p tIƒ°p-hm≥

Ign-bp-∂p. Ah-cpsS kI-e-hn[ ]m]-ßƒ sIm≠pw

AdpXn hcp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bm-ØX kvt\l-amWv Ah\v

Ah-tcm-Sp-f-f-Xv. Ah≥ Ahsc bmt°m_v (D-]m-bn),

bnkm-tb¬ (ssZ-h-Øns‚ ]`p), sblq-Z≥ (t\-cp-f-f-

h≥) F∂n-ßs\ hnfn-°p-∂p. Ahsc Dcp-hm-°n-b-h-\pw,

\n¿Ωn-®-h-\pw, sXc-s™-Sp-Ø-h-\p-amb btlmh Ahsc

klm-bn-°pw. Bflmhp kw_-‘-am-bp-ff Chn-SpsØ

hmKvZØw s]¥-t°mkvXp \mfn¬ `mKn-I-ambn \nd-th-

dn, F∂m¬ InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw- h-c-hn-¶¬ amXta AXv

]q¿Æambpw BXy-¥n-I-ambpw \nd-th-‰-s∏-Sp-I-bp-f-fq.

A∂m-fn¬ A£-co-I-ambpw Be-¶m-cn-I-ambpw sh≈-Øn-

\mbn Zmln-®n-cn-°p∂ hc≠ \ne-ß-fn¬ \oscm-gp-°p-

Iƒ ]I-c-s∏-Spw. bnkm-tb-ens‚ k¥Xn A\p-K-ln-

°-s∏-Spw, bnkm-tb-ens‚ t]cn-epw, bmt°m-_ns‚ t]cn-

epw, btlm-h-bpsS t]cnepw Xßƒ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬

Ah¿ e÷n-°p-I-bn-√. (Pm-Xn-Iƒ btlm-h-tbmSpw

Ahs‚ P\-tØmSpw IqsS Xß-sf-Øs∂ A\p-cq-]-

am°pw F∂pw Hcp-]t£ 5˛mw hmIyw sIm≠¿∞-am-

°mw. k¶o. 87:4,5, t\m°p-I)

44:6˛8:˛ bnkm-tb-ens‚ cmPm-hmb btlmh AXp-

ey-\mWv ˛ AXm-bXv GI-k-Xy-ssZhw. Xm≥ sNøp-∂-

Xp-t]mse hcp-hm-\p-f-fXv ]tXy-In®v ]pcm-X\ P\-amb

bnkm-tb-ens\ kw_-‘n-®p-f-f-Xv, ]kvXm-hn-°p∂ t]cp

]d-b-s∏´ GsX-¶nepw tZh-∑m-cp-t≠m-sb∂v Xm≥ sh√p

hnfn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Xs‚ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-Øn\p t\sc-bp-ff

GsXmcp sh√p-hn-fn-tbbpw Xs‚ P\w `b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-

√. hcp-hm-\p-ffXp ]kvXm-hn-®-Xn-\pw, Rm\-√msX

thsdmcp ssZh-hp-an√ F∂-Xn-\p-ap-ff km£n-Iƒ Ah-

cm-Wv. hmkvX-h-amb at‰-sX-¶n-ep-samcp ]mdsb Ipdn®p

Ah-\-dn-hn-√, ]ns∂ Fßs\ bnkm-tb¬ Adnbpw!

44:9˛11:˛ Hcp hnK-lsØ hm¿Øp-≠m-°p-∂-h≥ \ncm-

i-s∏´v e÷n-®p-t]m-Ipw. ImcWw hnK-l-ßƒ H∂n\pw

sbi-ømhv 43,44

864

sIm≈-cp-Xm-ØXpw i‡n lo\-hp-am-Wv.

44:12-˛17:˛ Chn-sS-bnXm [\-hm\p th≠n hnK-l-ap-

≠m-°p∂ Hcp sIm√≥. Ah≥ ITn-\m-[z\w sNbvXv

Xm≥ BK-ln® hn[-Øn¬ AXns\ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ Hcp CS-th-fbv°p tijw Ah≥ Xs‚ ]Wn

\n¿Øp-∂p, ImcWw Ah\v Blm-chpw sh≈hpw hni-

ahpw Bh-iy-ap-≠v. hnK-l-ap-≠m-°p-∂-h≥ CX-s]- ∂v

Xf¿∂p t]mIp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ]ns∂ Ah-\p-≠m-°nb Poh-

\n-√mØ hnKlw Fß-s\-bn-cn°pw?

As√-¶n¬, Chn-sS-bnXm Zcn-Z-\mb Hcp-h-\p-th≠n

XSn-bn¬ Hcp hnKlw sImØn-bp-≠m-°p∂ Hcp Bim-

cn. a\p-jym-Ir-Xn-bn-ep-ff Hcp hnKlw cq]-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-

hsc Ah≥ B XSn-°-jWw NoIpfn sIm≠v NoIn

an\p-°p-∂p. Hcp ]t£, Ah≥ Xs∂bmbn-cn°mw B

acw \´p-]n-Sn-∏n-®-Xv. AXn¬ Hcp `mKw hnd-Imbn D]-

tbm-Kn®v Ah≥ Xo Imbp-I-bpw, Ipd-s®-SpØv Blmcw

]mIw sNøp-Ibpw AXns‚ tijn-∏p-sIm≠v Hcp tZhs\

sImØn-bp-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Aßs\ HSp-hn¬

Xs‚ kz¥w krjvSn-bmb B tZhs\ Ah≥ hoWp

\a-kv°-cn-°p-∂p.

44:18-˛20:˛ Ah¿ ImWp-hm≥ Iq´m-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v

ssZhw hnK-lm-cm-[n-IfpsS IÆp-Isf AS-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Hcp hr£-Øns‚ Hcp mKw Bcm-[n-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-tºmƒ, Hcp `mKw sIm≠p sNdnb ho´p-]-Wn-Iƒ

sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, Xß-fpsS I¿Øm-hm-bn-cn-°p∂

AtX-acw Xs∂ Xß-fpsS Zmk-\p-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂

Imcyw Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ sa\-s°-Sp-∂-tX-bn√!

shÆo¿ t]mse hne-sI- -hsb Ah≥ t]mjn-∏n-°p-∂p,

hy¿∞-am-b-h-bn¬ Ah¿ hgn-sX-‰n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p, Xß-fpsS

ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂pw Xß-sf-Øs∂ c£n-°p-hm≥

Ah¿°p Ign-bp-∂n√; Xs∂-bp-a-√, Xß-fpsS Iøn-en-cn-

°p-∂Xp Hcp t`mjv°m-sW∂ bmYm¿∞ysØ Ah¿

\n¿`bw t\cn-Sp-∂-Xp-an-√.

44:21-˛23:˛ ssZhw Ah-cpsS kjvSm-hmWv; Ah≥

Ahsc Hcp \mfpw ad∂p If-I-bn-√, Ah¿ Ahs‚ Zmk-

∑m-cmWv F∂o Imcy-ßƒ Hm¿t°-≠-Xn\v bnkm-tb¬

hnfn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ apJsØ

ad®p If-bp∂ ewL-\-ß-fp-tS-Xmb Im¿ap-In-ens\

Ah≥ ambn®p If-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ Ahsc ASn-a-

Ø-Øn¬ \n∂pw hos≠-Sp-Øp, X¶-te°p Xncn-bp-hm≥

Ahsc £Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv. btlmh bmt°m-_ns\

hos≠-Sp-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v kIe krjvSn-Ifpw tLmjn-®p-

√-kn-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ Blz\w sNøp-∂p.

44:24-˛27:˛ hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c≥, btlm-h, kjvSm-hv,

c£-I≥, D≤m-c-I≥ F∂o \ne-I-fn-emWv hniz-kvX-cmb

tijn-∏n\v ssZhw Xs∂-Xs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.

Ah≥ I¬Zb Pev]-I-∑m-cp-tSbpw ]iv\-°m-cp-tScpw

iIp -\ -ßsf hy¿∞-am -°bpw ⁄m\n -I -fpsS

⁄m\sØ t`mj-Ø-am-°bpw sNøp-∂p. sbcp-iteapw

blq-Zbpw ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw tImsc-ins‚

I¬∏\ ]Imcw Xs‚ P\w ]hm-k-Øn¬ \n∂pw aS-

ßn-h-cp-Ibpw sNøp-sa-∂p-ff Xs‚ ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ]h-

N-\-ßsf Ah≥ kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

44:28:˛ tImsciv P\n-°p-∂-Xn\v 150, 200 h¿j-ßƒ°p

apºv Ahs‚ t]sc-SpØv ]d™v ChnsS kqNn-∏n-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah-s\-Ip-dn-®p-ff Cu ]h-N\w it≤-b-

am-Wv. ssZhw Ahs\ “Fs‚ CS-b≥” F∂p hnti-jn-

∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw B›-cy-I-c-am-Wv.

_m_n-tem-Wn¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ P\sØ hnSp-hn-°p-

hm≥ ssZhw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-\m-bpw, Bebw ]pXp-

°n-∏-Wn-bp-∂-Xn\v A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h-\mbpw tImsc-

ins‚ t]cv ]nt∂bpw kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. blqZ Ncn-

X-Im-c-\mb tPmkn- -kv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xp t\m°pI:

210 h¿j-ßƒ°p-apºv sbi-ømhv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂

Xs‚ Xs∂ ]h-N-\-ßƒ AS-ßnb ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

\n∂p-amWv tImsciv Ct∏mƒ CXv (B-ebw ]Wn-bp-∂-

Xns\ Ipdn-®v) a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Bebw \in-

∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v 140 h¿j-ßƒ°pap-ºmWv sbi-ømhv

Cu Imcy-ßƒ ap≥Iqń ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn -°p-∂-Xv.

AXpsIm≠v tImsciv AXn-s\-Ip-dn®p hmbn®v Ah-

bpsS ssZhoI kz`mhw hnkva-b-tØmsS a\- n-em-°n-

b-t∏mƒ AXn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv sNøp-hm-\p-ff

Hcp Dƒt]-c-Wbpw C—bpw Ahs\ Kkn-®p.(53)

6. ssZh-Øns‚ A`n-jn-‡-\mb tImsc-in¬ \n∂p-

ff Bizmkw (A.45)

45:1-˛6:˛ tImsciv, Xs‚ P\-Øn\p BXy-¥n-I-amb

hos≠-Sp∏v \¬Ip∂ anin-lmbv°v \ng-em-b-Xp-sIm≠v

Xs‚ “A`njn-‡≥” (F_mb mj-bn¬ anin-lm-bv°p-

ff AtX ]Z-am-Wn-Xv) F∂mWv btlmh tImsc-ins\

hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. PmXn-I-fpsS taep-ff ]tXy-In®v _mt_-

ens‚ taep-ff hnPbw ssZhw Ah\p hmKvZm\w sNøp-

∂p. IqSm-sX, bp≤ kw_-‘-amb Xs‚ XS- -ß-sf√mw

\o°p-sa∂pw ad-hn-S-ß-fnse Kp]vX-\n-[n-Iƒ [mcm-f-ambn

Ah\p \¬Ip-sa∂pw ssZhw Ah\p Dd∏p \¬Ip-I-

bm-Wv. tImsc-ins\ A`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sNøp-tºmƒ

Xs∂, Ah-s\-t]¿ sNm√n hnfn-®-h-\pw, A`n-jn-‡s‚

CS-b≥ (44:28) F∂o Hma\t∏cp-Iƒ sNm√n hnfn®v

Xs‚ ZuXy-Øn\p th≠n Ahs\ k÷-am-°n-b-h-\mb

ktXyI ssZhw Xm\m-sW∂v btlmh Xs∂°pdn®p

Xs∂ ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. Xs‚ P\-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv ssZhw

CsX√mw sNøp-∂-Xv, Xm≥ amX-amWp btlm-h-sb∂p

Aßs\ kI-e-kr-jvSn-Ifpw Adn-bp-hm≥ CS-bm-Ipw.

45:7:˛ Inßv sPbnwkv ]cn-`mjt]mse-bp-ff

]mNo\ hnh¿Ø-\-ßsf B[m-c -am -°n Nne¿

hmZn°p∂Xp t]mse kZm-Nm-c-]-c-amb “Xn∑” ssZhw

krjvSn-®-Xm-sW∂v 7˛mw hmIy-Øn-\¿∞-an-√.(54)

]mNo\, “InkvXpaX” \nµI-\mb am¿jy≥,

shbve‚o-\n-b≥kv apX-em-b-hcpw a‰p XXz-hmZn kan-Xn-

Ifpw “]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-

kvX-\mb Hcm-fmWv” ]gb \nb-a-Ønse ssZhw F∂p

]Tn-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n Cu thZ-`mKw Zpcp-]-tbmKw

sbi-ømhv 44,45

865

sNbvXn-´p-s≠∂v sUen‰vkv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.(55)

Xn∑sb∂ ]iv\w (Zp -c n -X -ßfpw AXn¬

s]Sp∂psh∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√) IW-°n-se-SpØp

sIm≠v sUen‰vkv XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv, “Hcp IrXyw F∂ \ne-

bn¬ Xn∑ ssZh-Øns‚ t\cn-´p-ff ]hr-Øn-b-√, adn®v

kz\-a-\ m-se-bp-ff ]hrØn kzmX-¥y-tØmsS Hcp

krjvSn°v A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´n-´p-f-f-Xm-W-Xv”.(56)

]Im-ihpw AXn-s\-Xn-cmb A‘-Im-c-hpw, \∑bpw

(k-am-[m-\w) AXn-s\-Xn-cmb Xn∑bpw (Zp-cn-Xw) XΩn-ep-

ff sshcp-≤y-amWv Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ImWp-∂Xv.

ssZhw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v ]e-t∏mgpw Xm≥

krjvSn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv ]d-™n- p-f-f-Xv. ÿnc-ambn t]mc-

Sn-°p∂ c≠p tZh-∑m-cmbn ]m¿kn-Iƒ ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn

BZ-cn-°p∂ c≠p XXz-ß-sf-bmWv ]Im-ihpw A‘-

Im-chpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂sX∂v Nne¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂p. (tIm-

sciv Cu aXw ]n≥ ]‰n-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v bmsXmcp

sXfn-hp-an-s√∂v a‰p Nne¿ ]d-bp-∂p). tImsciv Xs‚

bp≤-ß-fm¬ XI¿Øp apt∂-dns°m≠n-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬

bnkm-tb-en\p kam-[m-\-hpw, Ah-fpsS iXp-°ƒ°p

Zpcn-Xhpw Bbn-cp-∂p. Cu kIe ]hr-Øn-Iƒ°pw

ta¬t\m´w hln-®n-cp-∂Xv ssZhw Hcp-h≥ amX-am-bn-cp-

∂p.

45:8:˛ tImsc-ins‚ CS-s]-S¬ aqew bnkm-tb-en\p

sNdnb tXmXn¬ e`y-am-Ip∂ \oXn-bp-tSbpw (A-Yhm

\ymbw). c£-bp-tSbpw (hn-Sp-X¬) Ahÿ kºp-jvS-

sa∂v `mh-\m-]-c-ambn NnXo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. kl-

km_vZ hmgvN-bn¬ Ah-bpsS ]q¿Æ \nh¿Øo-I-cWw

D≠m-Ipw.

45:9˛11:˛ blq-Zsb hos≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬ Hc-\ys\ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ btlm-h-bpsS Ah-Im-

isØ tNmZyw sNøp-∂-hs\ i]n-°p-I-bmWv Chn-sS.

Ifn-aÆp XncnsI Ipi-h-t\mSv Ah\p Iøn-√, F∂p-h-

®m¬ i‡n-bn√ F∂p ]d™p Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-t]m-

se-bm-W-Xv. 11- mw hmIyw Hcp tNmZy-cq-t]W Cß-s\bpw

hmbn°mw ˛ ‘Fs‚ a°sf Ipdn®v `mhn-bn¬ Rm≥

F¥m-Wp-t±-in-°p-∂sX∂v \nßƒ Ft∂mSv tNmZn-°p-

I-bmtWm’? AY-hm, “Fs‚ IøpsS ]hr-Øn-Isf

Ipdn®v \nßƒ Ft∂mSp Iev]n-°-bmtWm!” as‰mcp hn[-

Øn¬ ]d-™m¬ “\nßƒ°v Fs∂ tNmZyw sNøp-hm≥

F¥-h-Im-i-am-Wp-f-fXv?”

45:12,13:˛ a\p-jys\ krjvSn-°bpw BIm-isØ hncn-

°bpw `qansb D≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvX AtX btlmh

Xs∂-bm-Wv. ]hm-k-Øn¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ P\sØ hnSp-

hn-∏m\pw sbcp-itew \Kcw ]Wn-bp-hm-\p-ambn tImsc-

ins\ DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬, ]n¬°m-

eØv A¿Øm-lvi-jvSm-cm-Pm-hns‚ Iev]-\-bm-emWv (s\-

l.2:86) ]´-W-Øns‚ ]p\¿ \n¿ΩmWw \S-∂-sX-¶nepw

At∏mƒX-s∂, _mt_-en¬ \n∂pw sbcp-i-te-an-te°p

aSßn hcp-hm≥ blq-Z-∑msc A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm≠v B ]≤-

Xn-bpsS ASn-ÿm\w BZy-an-´Xv tImsc-ins‚ t\Xr-Xz-

Øn-em-Wv.

45:14-˛17:˛ blq-Z-∑m-cpsS ssZh-a√msX kXy ssZhw

thsdm-cp-Ø-\n√ F∂p a\- n-em-°n-s°m≠v bnkm-tb-

ens‚ ]≠sØ iXp-°ƒ ImgvNbpw I∏-hp-ambn Ah-

cp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ hcpw. ssZh-Øns‚ kIe ]hr-Øn-Ifpw

t]mse-Xs∂ Cu hmKvZ-Øhpw c£nX KW-Øn\v

ssZhsØ Ahs‚ \ymb-hn[n \nan-Øhpw Ign™ \mfp-

I-fn¬ I≠n-´p-ff Ahs‚ A¤pX ]hr-Øn-Iƒ \nan-

Øhpw kvXpXn-°p-hm≥ Imc-W-ambn Xocp-∂p. hnK-l-

ßsf D≠m-°p-Ibpw Ahsb \a-kv°-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-h-sc√mw e÷n®p t]mIpw. F∂m¬ btlm-h-bm¬

hns≠-Sp-°-s∏´ bnkm-tb¬, Xs‚ c≠mw hc-hn\p

tijw Hcn-°epw e÷n-∏m≥ CS-bm-I-bn-√.

45:18,19:˛ ssZhw qansb krjvSn-®-t∏mƒ AXv ]mgpw

hy¿∞hpam-bn-cp-∂n√ (tohu˛ Dev]. 1:2˛¬ CtX ]Zw

Xs∂-bmWp D]-tbm-Kn-®ncn-°p-∂Xv). a\p-jysc ]m¿∏n-

t°-≠-Xn-\m-bn-´m-bncp∂p Ah-\Xp krjvSn-®-Xv. Ah≥

hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-Ip∂ mj-bn¬ Xs∂-Øs∂ a\p-

jy\p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ssZhw AXns\ krjvSn-

®Xpw AXp-ambn kº¿°w ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂Xpw hy¿∞-

amb Ah-ÿ-bn-e√ adn®v ]c-am-[n-Im-c-ap-ff kXy-ssZ-h-

sa∂ \ne-bn¬ Ah≥ kXy-Ønepw \oXn-bnepw Xs∂-

Xs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn.

45:20,21:˛ Xm≥ sNbvXn-´p-f-f-Xp-t]mse hcp-hm-\p-f-

fXp ]kvXm-hn-∏m≥ Ah-cpsS tZh-∑m¿°p Ign-bp-sa-

¶n¬ AXn\p sXfnhp sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ hnK-lsØ

Npa∂p sIm≠p \S-°p-Ibpw c£n-∏m≥ Ign-bmØ tZh-

t\mSp ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ PmXn-Isf Ah≥

£Wn-°-bm-Wv. AXp sNøp-hm≥ X\n°p amXta Ign-

I-bp-f-fp. \oXn-am-\mb ssZhhpw c£n-Xmhpw Xm≥ amX-

am-Wv.

45:22-˛25:˛ c£-bv°mbn Xs‚-b-Sp-°-te°v hcp-hm≥

PmXn-Isf £Wn-®p-sIm-≠v, F√m-ap-g-¶mepw Xs‚

apºn¬ aS-ßpw, F√m \mhpw Xs∂ G‰p-]-dbpw F∂v

Ah≥ B⁄m-]n-°p-I-bmWv (tdm-a. 14:11;^nen. 2:9-˛11

ImWp-I). kl-km_vZ hmgvN-bn¬ AXp \nd-th-‰-s∏-

Spw. \oXn-bp-tSbpw _e-Øn-t‚bpw GI Dd-hnSw tbip

I¿Ømhv amX-am-sW∂v A∂m-fn¬ a\p-jy¿ Kln-°pw.

Ahs‚ kIe iXp-°fpw ]›m-Øm-]-tØmsS Ah-

s‚-b-Sp-°¬ hcpw. bnkm-tb¬ k¥-Xn-sb√mw hnK-l-

ß-fn-e√ adn-®v, btlm-h-bn¬ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏´p ]pIgpw.

7. _m_n-tem\y hnK-l-ß-fpsS \miw apJm-¥n-c-ap-

ff Bizmkw (A.46)

46:1- 2:˛ _m_n-tem\y hnK-l-ß-fmb t_¬, s\t_m

F∂n-hsb ]m¿kn-Iƒ h≠n-bn-te-‰n-s°m≠p t]mIp-∂p.

£oWn-®-h-i-cmb arK-ßƒ Bbm-k-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hnK-

l-ßƒ Xe-IpØn hogp-∂p. Ah≥ ]Xn-\n-[m\w

sNøp∂ tZh-∑m¿°v mcw Hgn-∏m≥ Ign-bp-∂n√; ]Icw

Ah Xs∂ ]hm-k-Øn-te°v FSp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv.

46:3,4:˛ P\w hln-®p-sIm≠p \S-°p∂ Cu hnK-l-

sbi-ømhv 45,46

866

ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-\mb kXy-ssZhw Xs‚

P\sØ hm¿≤Iyw hsc Npa-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. sPbnwkv

Ãyphm¿´v Npcp -°-ambn kwt£-]n -®n -cn -°p∂Xp

t\m°pI:

kXy ssZh hnizm-k-hpw ASn-ÿm-\-an-√mØ I]S

hnizm-khpw XΩn-ep-ff ][m-\-hy-Xym-k-ß-fn-sem∂v c≠m-

a-tØXv tZln°p hln-∏m≥ Ign-bmØ \n¿÷o-h-amb

Hcp `mc-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ, BZy-tØXv tZlnsb hln-

°p∂ Poh-i-‡n-bp-amWv F∂-Xns\ Ipdn®v sbi-øm-

hns‚ Imew apX¬ a\p-jy¿ t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-Wv.(57)

46:5˛7:˛ kºq¿Æhpw A\y ]th-i-\-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb

Cu ssZh-XzsØ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-hm≥ GsX-¶nepw

hnK-l-ßƒ°v Fs∂-¶nepw Ign-™n- pt≠m? F∂n- pw,

]tem- n-∏n-°-s∏´ P\w Ct∏mgpw Xßƒ°v Hcp tZhs\

D≠m-°n-°n-´p-hm≥ th≠n X´m\v HuZm-cy-ambn [mcmfw

]Ww \¬Ip∂p! Ah¿ kmjvSmwKw hoWp AXns\

\a-kv°-cn-°p∂p...tXmfn¬ Npa∂p sIm≠p \S-°p∂p;

Ah¿ AXns\ Hcp ÿeØp \n¿Øp-tºmƒ, AhnsS

\n∂pw H∂-\ßphm≥ t]mep-am-hmsX AX-hnsSØs∂

\n¬°p-∂p, Ahbv°v ]m¿∞\ tIƒ∏m-t\m, c£n-

∏mt\m Ign-I-bn-√.

46:8˛11:˛ Xs‚ ]≤-Xn-I-sf√mw ]q¿Øn-bm-°-s∏-Sp-sa-

∂p-ff Xocp-am-\-tØm-sS, taem¬ kw -hn-∏m-\p-ff Imcy-

ßƒ shfns∏SpØn-bXv kXy-ssZhw amX-am-sW∂v hnK-

lm-cm-[-\-bn-te°v Xncn-bp∂ GsXmcph\pw Hcp \nanjw

\n∂v Hm¿t°-≠-Xp-≠v. I¬Z-b-cn¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ P\sØ

hnSp-hn-t°-≠-Xn\v Ah≥ tImsc-ins\ (In-g-°p-\n∂p Hcp

dm©≥ ]£n) hnfn®p hcp-Øpw.

46:12,13:˛ ss[cy-]q¿∆w ]am-WsØ t\cn-SmsX imTyw

ImWn®v AXns\ \nc-kn-®-h≥ Ct∏mƒ kotbm\v c£-

\¬Ip-hm-\p-ff ssZh-Øns‚ ÿm]nX Xm¬]cyw

tIƒ°pw.

8. _mt_-ens‚ A[x -] -X -\ -Øn¬ \n∂p -ff

Bizmkw (A.47)

47:1˛4:˛ \n¿_-‘-Øm¬ knwlm-k\w Hgn™v hnSp

]-Wn- sN-øp∂ Hcp Zmkn-bmbn Xo¿∂ kpµ-cn-bmb Hcp

cmP-I-\y-I-tbmSp _mt_¬ ] -WsØ D]-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Ahƒ \Zn-Iƒ IS∂v ]hm-k-Øn-te°v t]mI-bm-Wv.

Ahƒ hnh-kvX-bmbn s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ°p apºn¬

]Z¿in-∏n-°-s∏-Spw. ssZhw Hcp a\p-jy-s\-t]mepw BZ-

cn-°msX ]Xn-Imcw \S-Øpw, ImcWw Ah≥ bnkm-

tb-ens‚ ]cn-ip-≤-\mb hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c≥ F∂ \ne-bn-

emWv ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv.

47:5˛15:˛ \mep-hn[ ]m]-ßƒ \nan-Ø-amWv _mt_¬

in£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

1. Xs‚ P\sØ ]hm-k-Øn-te°v sIm≠p t]mIp-

hm≥ ssZhw _mt_-ens\ \nb-an-s®-¶nepw Ah-tcmSv

Zb-bn-√msX Iqc-ambn s]cp-am-dp-hm≥ Ah≥ I¬∏n-®n-

cp-∂n-√. Xm≥ I¬∏n®-Xn-t\-°mƒ A[n-I-am-bXp Ah¿

]h¿Øn-®p, F∂n´v Ct∏mƒ “Rm≥ Ft∂°pw Hcp

Xºp-cm- n-bm-bn-cn°pw” F∂mWv Ahƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]t£

“\ns∂ C\n cmPy-ß-fpsS Xºp-cm- n-sb∂p hnfn-°-bn√”F∂p ssZhw ]d-bp-∂p.

2. Ah-fpsS kar-≤nsb D∑qe\w sNøp-hm≥ bmsXm-

∂n\pw Ign-I-bn-s√∂ mh-tØmsS Ahƒ Al-¶-cn-°p-

Ibpw K¿∆n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp Znh-k-Øn¬ Xs∂

Ahƒ°p ]pX \jvShpw ssh[-hyhpw hcpw, B AXym-

]-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£n-°p-hm≥ Ah-fpsS bmsXm-cp-hn[

B`n-Nm-c-ßƒ°pw Ign-I-bn-√.

3. I≈w I≠p-]n-Sn-°m-sXbpw in£n-°-s∏-Sm-sX-bp-

an-cn-°p-hm-\p-ff ]Xn-tcm-[-i‡n X\n-°p-s≠∂v Ahƒ

Icp-Xn. F∂m¬ Ah-fpsS Bfl-kw-Xr]vXnbv°pw kzbw

]cym-]vX-X-bp-tS-Xmb Alw- m-h-Øn\pw \mi-Øm¬ ]Xn-

êw \¬I-s∏-Spw.

4. Ahƒ a¥-hm-Zn-I-fnepw tPymXn-j-°m-cnepw Bi-

bn®p “Ahƒ°v Cu i‡n-I-sf-sb√mw hf-sc-b-[nIw

Bh-iy-ap-f-f-Xp-sIm≠v Ah-fpsS klm-b-Øn-\mbn Ah-

sb√mw hnfn-°p-hm≥ btlmh Ahsf D]-tZ-in-°-bmWv”F∂mWv sP∂nßvkv Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv.(58) s\cnt∏mSnse

Bizm-k-]-Z-amb Xob√ ssZh-Øns‚ in£; adn®v Pzen-

°p∂ Hcp \c-I-am-bn-cn°pw AXv. _mt_-ep-ambn Ib-

hn-Ibw \S-Øp-∂-h-sc√mw Ahsf klm-bn-∏m≥ Ign-

bmsX Xm¥m-ß-fpsS hgn-°p-t]m-Ipw.

9. in£n®p \∂m-°nb bnkm-tb-ens‚ aS-ßn-h-c-

hn-\m-ep-ff Bizmkw (A.48)

48:1˛2:˛ _mt_-ens‚ ]hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cn-°p∂ blqZm

P\sØ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-≠mWv ssZhw

ChnsS kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-cn¬ A[n-I-]¶pw kzaX

XymKn-I-fm-Im≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. Npcp°w t]¿ amXta

btlm-h-tbm-Sp-ff hniz-kvX-X-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂-h-cm-

bp-f-fq. bnkm-tb¬ (ssZ-h-Øns‚ ]`p) F∂ t]cn¬

Ah¿ kzbw Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Xt∂bpw Ah¿

]`p-°-∑m-c-√-sb∂v Ah≥ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. blqZ

(kvXp-Xn)-bn¬ \n∂pw Ah-X-cn-°-s∏-´-h-cm-sW-¶n-epw,

Ah¿ Ahs\ kvXpXn-°p-∂n-√. bnkm-tb-ens‚

ssZhsØ Ah¿ G‰p ]d™t]£n-°p-∂p, F∂m¬

Xß-fpsS ]m]-ßƒ Ah¿ G‰p ]d-™p-t]-£n-°p-∂n-

√. Ah¿ Xß-sf-Øs∂ hnip-≤-\-Kcw F∂p hnfn-°p-

∂p-sh-¶nepw Ah¿ hnip-≤-c-√. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ssZh-

Øn¬ Ah¿ Bi-bn-°p∂psh¶nepw Ah-cn¬ ssZhoI

kz`m-h-an-√.

48:3˛5:˛ Ah-cpsS NcnXw btlmh ap≥Iqń ]kvXm-

hn-®n-´p-≠v. Xm≥ ]kvXm-hn® ]Imcw AsX√mw kw`-

hn-°bpw sNbvXp. Ah kw`-hn®p Ign-bp-tºmƒ Xß-

fpsS hnK-l-ßƒ CsX√mw sNbvXp-sh∂p ]d-bm-Xn-cn-

t°-≠-Xn-\v, Ah-cpsS ITn-\-Xbpw ]nSn-hm-inbpw Adn-

bp∂ ssZhw Xm≥ sNbvhm\n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ

ap≥Iqń ]kvXm-hn-®p.

48:6˛8:˛ Ct∏mƒ Xm≥ ]pXp-Xmbn Nne Imcy-ßƒ

ap≥Iqń ]kvXm-hn-∏m≥ t]mI-bmWv- ˛ tImsc-ins‚

sbi-ømhv 46,47,48

867

t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]hm-k-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff P\-Øns‚ hos≠-

Sp-∏v. “Rm\nsX√mw Adn™pht√m” F∂v Ah¿ ]d-

bm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p th≠n-bmWv Ah-\nXp sNøp-∂-Xv.

48:9˛11:˛ Ah-cpsS tbmKyX sIm≠√ adn®v Xs‚

\maw \nan-Ø-amWv ssZhw blq-Zsb ]hm-k-Øn¬

\n∂pw aS°n hcp-Øp-∂-Xv. A£-co-I-amb Xobn¬

sh≈n DuXn-°-gn-°pw-t]m-se-b√ adn-®v, IjvS-X-bpsS

Nqf-bn-emWv (_m-_n-tem\y ASn-a-Øw) Ah≥ Ahsc

DuXn-°-gn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ct∏mƒ Xs‚ \maw ˛ Ah¿

Aip-≤-am-°nb Hcp \maw --˛ \nanØw Xm≥ Ahsc ]p\-

cp-≤cn°pw. Cu hos≠-Sp-∏ns‚ alXzw Ah-cpsS hnK-

l-ßƒ°p Xm≥ hn´p sImSp-°-bn-√.

48:12- 16:˛ A\-\y\pw ]c-am-[n-Im-cn-bp-amb ssZhw (B-

Zy\pw A\-\y-\pw), ]]-©-Øns‚ kjvSmhpw D≤m-c-I-

\p-amb ssZhw, NcnX cN-bn-Xm-hv, ]h-N-\-Øns‚

ssZhw F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ Xs∂-Øs∂ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-

s°m≠v ssZhw ]Jym-]n-°p-I-bm-Wv, _mt_-ens\ Iog-

S°n bnkm-tb¬ P\sØ hnSp-hn-t°-≠-Xn\v Xm≥

kvt\ln-°p∂ Hcphs\ (tIm-sc-iv) Xm≥ Fgp-t∂¬∏n-

°pw. 16-˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ XnXz-Ønse aq∂p hy‡n-I-fp-

ap-f-fXv i≤n-°pI ˛ btlm-h-bmb I¿Ømhv, Fs∂

(A-Xm-bXv InkvXp), Xs‚ Bflm-hv. ChnsS hnjbw

tImsc-in¬ \n∂pw Xs‚ c≠mw-h-c-hn¬, temI-Øm-I-

am\w NnX-d-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ bnkm-tb¬ P\sØ hnSp-hn-

°p-∂, tImsc-ins‚ s]mcp-fmb I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hn-

te°v Adn-bmsX amdp-I-bm-Wv.

48:17-˛19:˛ ho≠pw, Ah-cpsS hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c≥, Ah-

cpsS ssZhw, Ah-cpsS D]-tZ-jvSm-hv, Ah-cpsS am¿K-

Z¿in F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ btlmh bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp

kwkm-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah¿ Ahs\ A\p-k-cn-®n-´p-s≠-

¶n¬, kam-[m-\-hpw, \oXnbpw, sFiz-cy-hpw, Ah-t\mSp

IqsS `wK-an-√mØ Iq´m-bvabpw A\p-`-hn-°pam-bn-cp-∂p.

48:20-˛22:˛ _mt_-en¬ \n∂pw HmSn-t∏mbn btlmh

Xßsf hos≠-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p D√mk tLmj-

tØmsS ]kn-≤-am-°p-hm≥ ssZhoI tijn-∏n-t\mSv

Ah≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. (sh-fn. 18:4 t\m°p-I). ank-

bo-an¬ \n∂p-ff ]pd-∏m-Sn-\m¬ 21-˛mw hmIyw \nd-th-‰-

s∏- p. Hcn-°¬ btlmh AXp sNbvXp-sh-¶n¬ C\nbpw

X\n-°-Xn\p Ign-bpw. _mt_-en¬ \n∂p Xß-sf-Øs∂

th¿Xn-cn-®p-sIm≠v btlm-hsb A\p-k-cn-°mØ ZpjvS-

∑m-cmb bnkm-tb-en\v Hcn-°epw kam-[m\w D≠m-I-bn√.

B. anin-lmbpw bnkm-tb-ens‚ Xnc-kv°-c-

Whpw (A.49-˛57)

1. Zmk-\mb aninlm (A.49)

49 apX¬ 53 hsc-bp-ff A≤ym-b-ßfn¬, P\w anin-

lmsb Xnc-kv°-cn-®-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ssZhw

Ah-tcm-Sn-S-s]-Sp-I-bmWv btlm-h-bpsS IjvS-a-\p-`-hn-

°p∂ Zmks\ Ipdn-®p-ff ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv.

49:1˛6:˛ 49- mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ 1˛3 hmIy-ß-fn¬ IjvS-

a-\p- -hn-°p∂ btlm-h-bpsS Zmk≥ bnkm-tb¬ P\-am-

sW∂p tXm∂ntb°mw, F∂m¬ ]pkvXI hnj-b-tØm-

Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn AXn-\-\p-k-c-W-ambn

]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xp I¿Øm-hmb tbip InkvXp-hm-Wv.

3˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ t]cp-sIm≠p bnkm-tb¬ F∂p kqNn-

∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw AXp ssZh-Øns‚ “bYm¿∞

]`p-”hmb I¿Øm-hmb tbip InkvXp-hmWv; A√msX

bnkm-tb¬ P\-X-b-√. 5,6 hmIy-ß-fn¬ B Zmk≥

bnkm-tb-en¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu hmIy-

ß-fn¬ bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]p\-cp-≤m-c-W-ßƒ ebn-°-s∏-

ń-cn-°p∂p; BZyw tImsc-ins‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-ff aS-

ßn-h-c-hpw, AXn-\p-tijw aninlm Xs‚ cmPyw ÿm]n-

°p-tºm-gp-ff mhn-bnse ]p\-cp-≤m-c-W-hpw.

Xs‚ P\-\sØ Ipdn-®pw, P\-\-Øn-\p-apsº X\n°p

\¬I-s∏´ t]cns\ Ipdn®pw (a-Øm. 1:21) apdn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂Xpw B[n-Im-cn-I-am-bn- p-f-f-Xp-amb Xs‚ ktµ-isØ

Ipdn-®pw, Zmk-\m-bp-ff ssZhnI \nb-a-\sØ Ipdn®pw

btlmh al-Xzo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-Øns‚ ]`p (bn-

km-tb¬) hns\ Ipdn®pw hnh-cn-°p∂ Cu Zmks‚

hm°p i≤n®p tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ah≥ kIe `qhm-kn-I-

tfbpw hnfn-°p-I-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb¬ Xs∂ Xnc-kvI-cn-

®-t∏m-gp-≠mb am\-knI hnj-a-ßsf Ipdn-®mWv XpS¿∂v

Ah≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv (a-Øm. 11:16-˛24 t\m°p-I).

F∂m¬ ssZhw ]Xn-êw \¬Ip-sa-∂p-ff kwXr-

]vXnbpw Ah-\n-ep≠v (4-˛mw hmIyw aØm. 11:25,26 ambn

Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I).

bnkm-tb-ens‚ Bflob ho≠pw P\-\-Øn-\p-th≠n

amX-a√ ssZhw Xs∂ hnfn-®-Xv, adn®v PmXn-I-fpsS

c£bv°p th≠nbpw IqSn-bm-Wv. 6˛mw hmIy-Øns‚

c≠mw- mKw InkvXp-hns\ kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ]hr. 13:47-

˛¬ FSp-Øp-≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v.

49:7:˛ Xs‚ H∂m-asØ hc-hn¬ I¿Ømhv bnkm-

tb¬ PmXn-bm¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw \nµn-°-s∏´pw shdp-°-

s∏-´p-ancp-∂p, kaq-l-Øn¬ PmXn-I-fpsS A[n-]-Xn-I-tf-

°mƒ Xmgv∂ \ne-hm-c-Øn-emWv Ah¿ Ahs\ ]cn-K-

Wn-®-Xv. F∂m¬ Xs‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬ `qan-bnse

kIe cmPm-°-∑mcpw Ahs\ _lp-am-\n°pw tbmtk-

^v, tam¿s±-Jm-bn, Fkm, s\l-aym-hv, Zm\n-tb¬ F∂n-

hsc Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ “A[n]-Xn-I-fpsS Zmk≥”F∂ ssien bnkm-tb-ens\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fhpw

icn-bm-Wv.

49:8˛13:˛ acn-®-h-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ \n∂pw Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂¬∏n-®p-sIm≠v ssZhw InkvXp-hns‚ ]m¿∞-\-bv°p-

Ø-c-acp-fnb tij-amWv bnkm-tb-ens\ tZi-tØ°v aS-

°n-s°m-≠p- h-cp-hm-\p-ff Npa-Xe Ahs\ `c-ta¬∏n-®-

Xv. tZi-tØ°v aSßn hcp-hm≥ btlm-h-bpsS Zmk≥

P\sØ £Wn-°p-Ibpw hgn-I-fn-ep-S-\ofw bp‡-amb

bmXm kuI-cy-ßƒ Hcp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. temI-Øns‚

\m\m-`m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Zqsc kn\ow tZiØp \n∂pw

(ssN-\-bm-hmw) Ah¿ hcpw. Cßs\ bnkm-tb¬ Bizm-

sbi-ømhv 48,49

868

khpw A\p-I-ºbpw A\p-`-hn-°p-tºmƒ AXv temI-

Ønse kIe P\-Øn\pw kt¥m-j-Øns‚ Hcp Znh-k-

am-bn-cn-°pw.

49:14-˛16:˛ Cu kabw I¿Ømhv Ahsf ad∂p If-

™p-sh∂v hnNm-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ kntbm≥ \K-c-sØ-bmWv

NnXo-I-cn-®ncn°p∂Xv. F∂m¬ HcΩ Xs‚ Ip™ns\

ad∂p If-™mepw Xs‚ \KcsØ Xm≥ Hcn-°epw

ad∂p If-I-bn√ F∂v btlmh ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. kotbm≥

Ahs‚ D≈w-I-øn¬ hc-bv°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ aXn-

ep-Iƒ F√m-bvt∏mgpw Ahs‚ a\- n-ep-≠v. btlmh-

bpsS D≈w Isø kqNn-∏n-°p∂ thZ-`m-K-hp-am-bn.

InkvXp \ap°p th≠n kln® B kvt\l-ap-dn-hp-Isf

Ain-£nX t_m[-tØmsS Rßƒ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I-

bm-Wv. Cw•o-jp-Im-c-\mb Hcp InkvXob tijvT-Ihn

Xs‚ IhnXbn-eqsS AXv at\m-l-c-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®n-

´p-≠v.

\nXy-X-bn¬ Fs‚ t]cv Ahs‚

Df-fw-I-øn¬ \n∂pw ambv®p If-I-bn√;

ambmØ kvt\l-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ambn

Xs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ AXv apZ-Ip-Ø-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.

˛A-K-Ãkv tSm]v-teUn

49:17,18:˛ \in-∏n-®-hcpw iq\y-am-°n-b-hcpw hn´p-t]m-

Ip∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬ bnkm-tb¬ a°ƒ kntbm-\n-te°v

_≤-s∏´p aSßn hcn-I-bm-Wv. H∂n-®p-t®-cp∂ P\-°q´w

\K-c-Øn¬ tIµo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ AXv aW-hm- n-bpsS

B`-cWw t]mse-bmbn Xocpw.

49:19-˛21:˛ iq\y-]-tZ-i-ßfpw ]mgn-S-ßfpw t]mcmsX

hcp-thmfw bnkm-tb¬ tZiw P\-ß-sf-sIm≠p \nd-bpw.

Xm≥ hf-sc-°m-e-ambn ]pX-lo-\bpw hn[h-bp-am-bn-cp-

∂n-cns° CX-b-[nIw blq-Z-∑m¿ FhnsS \n∂pw hcp-

∂p-sh∂p kotbm≥ AXn-i-bn°pw!

49:22,23:˛ btlm-hsb ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff Hc-S-bm-

f-Øn-t∑¬ ]hm-kn-Isf tZi-tØ°v aS°n hcp-tØ-

≠-Xn\v PmXn-Iƒ hmbq am¿§w hen-sbmcp bmXm

kuIcyw Hcp-°pw. PmXob cmPm-°-∑m¿ ssZh-P-\-Øn\p

tkh-I-cm-bn-cn-°pw. btlm-hbv°mbn ImØn-cn-°p-∂-

h¿°p ]Xn-êw e`n-°p-sa∂v bnkm-tb¬ a\- n-em

Ipw.

49:24-˛26:˛ i‡-cmb tkz—m-[n-]-Xn-I-fpsS Iøn¬

\n∂pw Xßsf hnSp-hn-°p-∂Xp kw_-‘n®p _m_n-

tem\y ]hm-kn-Iƒ°p GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep-ff kwi-

b-ap-s≠-¶n¬, btlmh Ih¿®-°m-tcmSp t]mcmSn Ah-

cpsS a°sf c£n-°p-sa∂v Ah-c-dn-b-s´. Ahsc sRcp-

°n-b-h¿, Xßƒ hnX-®Xp Xs∂ sImøp-tºmƒ, btlm-

h-bmb ssZhw bnkm-tb-ens‚ c£n-Xmhpw bmt°m-

_n≥ hoc≥ Ah-cpsS hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c-\p-am-sW∂v kIe

PVhpw Adn-bpw.

2. bYm¿∞ injy-\mb aninlm. (A.50)

50:1˛3:˛ btlmh bnk-tb-ens\ Dt]-£n-®Xp Nne

\n mc Nm]-ey-ß-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-Øntem (Rm≥

Ahsf Dt]-£n®p bnc. 3:8), Ahsf I¬Z-b-cpsS ASp-

°¬ Ab-®Xv B PmXob cmPy-ß-tfmSv GsX-¶nepw

hn[-Øn¬ IS-s∏- nt´m A√ F∂v Dffp Xpd∂p≈ kw`m-

j-W-Øn¬ Ah≥ Ahsf Hm¿∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS

ewL-\-ßfpw AIr-Xy-ßfpw amX-amWv AXn-\p-ff Imc-

Ww. Ahs\ kzoI-cn-∏mt\m Ahs‚ hnfn-tIƒ∏mt\m

B cmPyØv Bcp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ahsc hnSp-hn-∏m≥

Xm≥ i‡-\-s√∂v Ah¿°p tXm∂p-∂pt≠m? sN¶-

Sepw tbm¿±m≥ \Znbpw Xm≥ h‰n-®n-ń-√tbm? Xm≥

BIm-isØ c´p ]pX-∏n-®n-ń-√tbm?

50:4˛9:˛ ASp-Ø-Xmbn anin-lm-bmWv kwkm-cn-°p-

∂Xv. ]gb \nb-a-Øn¬ btlm-hsb XyPn®p If™

P\X ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ InkvXp-hns\ XyPn®p If-

™p. DNn-X-amb hm°p kwkm-cn-∏m≥ ssZh-Øm¬ ioen-

°-s∏´ Hcp bYm¿∞ injy-\m-bn-´mWv Ah≥ h∂-Xv.

A∂-∂-tØ-°p-ff \n¿t±-i-ßƒ ]nXm-hn-¶¬ \n∂p

]m]n-t°-≠-Xn\v cmhnse tXmdpw Xs‚ sNhn Xpd-°-

s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. ssZh lnXw sNøp-∂-Xn¬, AXv Iqin-

te°v t]mIp-hm-\m-sW-¶n¬ t]mepw, Ah≥ kt¥m-

jn®p Xm≥ ]n∑m-dmsX a\x-]q¿∆w e÷bpw IjvS-X-

bv°p-ambn Xs∂-Øs∂ G¬∏n®p sImSp-Øp. ssZhw

Xs∂ \oXn-I-cn-°p-sa-∂p-ff ]q¿Æ hnizm-k-tØm-sS,

sbcp-i-te-an-te°p t]mIp-∂-Xn\v Ah≥ Xs‚ apJw

Xo°-√p-t]mse B°n-bn-cp-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw Dbn¿sØ-

gp-t∂¬∏n-\m¬ Xm≥ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-´p. Ct∏mƒ Xs∂

Ip‰w hn[n-∏m≥ ]Xn-tbm-Kn-bmb ]nim-Nns\ Xm≥ sh√p-

hn-fn-°p-∂p. (C∂v CtX sh√p-hnfn \ap°pw Db¿Øp-

hm≥ Ignbpw tdma. 8:31- 39). ]pgp Xn∂p If™ hkvXw

t]mse Ahs‚ iXp-°sf√mhcpw ]g-In-t∏m-Ipw.

50:10:˛ Ah-km-\sØ c≠p hmIy-ß-fn¬ c≠p Xc-

Øn-ep-ff Bfp-I-sf- Ip-dn®v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. btlm-h-

bn¬ Bi-bn-°p-∂-h-cmWv H∂m-asØ hn`m-K-°m¿. Ah¿

Xß-fpsS Imcy-ßsf ssZhoI \S-Øn-∏n-\mbn G¬∏n-

°p-∂p. btlm-h-bpsS \ma-Øn¬ Bi-bn®p Xs‚ ssZh-

Øn-t∑¬ NmcpI F∂p-f-f-XmWv Ahsc kw_-‘n-®p-

ff ssZhoI D]-tZ-iw. At∏mƒ Ah¿ ]Im-im-e-¶m-c-

Øm¬ tim`n-°-s∏-Spw.

50:11:˛ ssZhoI \S-Øn-∏ns‚ Bh-iy-an-s√∂ `mh-

Øn¬ Xß-fpsSXmb hgn-I-fn¬ \S-°p-∂-h-cmWv c≠m-

asØ Iq´¿. Ah¿°v Xß-fpsS Xs∂ XobpsS shfn-

®-Øn¬ \S-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw, ]t£ ssZhw Ahsc

hyk-\-tØmSp InS-°p-∂-h-cm-°pw.

3. \oXn-bp-ff cmPm-hmb anin-l. (51:1˛52:12)

51:1˛3:˛ bnkm-tb-ens‚ hnSp-X¬ At\z-jn-°p∂

Gh-cpw, J\n K¿`-Øn¬ \n∂pw (sa-skm-s∏m-Øm-ay)

Xßsf FSp-Ø-Xmb ssZhoI Icp-X-ens\ Ipdn®v

Hm¿t°-≠-Xp-≠v. A_-lm-an-t\mSpw kmdm-tbmSpw

ssZhw a\- -en-™p, At\I k¥m\ ]c-º-c-Isf

\¬In Ahsc A\p-K-ln-®n-cn-°p∂ ssZhoI Icp-X-

ens\ Ipdn-®p-ff Hm¿Ω-bn¬ Ah-cn-t∏mƒ DtØ-Pn-∏n-°-

sbi-ømhv 49,50,51

869

s∏-Spw. IqSm-sX, kotbms\ Biz-kn-∏n-°pI F∂p-ff

ssZhoI hmKvZ-Ø-Ømepw Ah¿ kam-iz-kn-°-s∏-Spw.

i≤n-°p-hm-\p-ff aq∂p Blzm-\-ßƒ (1,4,7), DW-cp-hm-

\p-ff aq∂p Blzm-\-ßƒ (51:9;17;52:1) ChnsS \¬I-

s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xp t\m°p-I.

51:4˛6:˛ kl-km_vZ hmgvN-bn¬ aninlm bnkm-tb-

en-t\bpw AtXm-sSm∏w PmXn-I-tfbpw Hcp-t]mse `cn-

°pw. B cmP-Xz-Øn-s\m-Sp-hn¬ BIm-ihpw `qanbpw

Hgn™p t]mIpw. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-bp-ffhsc√mw \in-

®p-t]mIpw; F∂m¬ ssZh-P\w \nXy-ambn kpc-£n-X-

cm-bn-cn-°pw.

51:7,8:˛ atlm-]-Zh Ime-L-´-Øns‚ Ccp≠ Zn\-ß-

fnse P\-\n-µsb b-s∏-S-cp-sX∂v btlmh tijn-∏n-t\mSv

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv, ImcWw ZpjvS-∑m-cpsS \miw

ÿnco-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Xs‚ P\-Øns‚

hnSp-Xepw Dd-∏m-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.

51:9˛11:˛ ank-bo-an¬ \n∂pw (c-l-_v) ^d-thms‚

Iøn¬ \n∂pw (A-hs‚ ]Xo-I-amb k¿∏w) Xßsf

hnSp-hn-®p, hos≠-Sp-°-s∏-´-h¿ IS∂p t]mtI-≠-Xn\v

Bgn-bnse shf-fsØ h‰n®p If-™p, AXpt]mse

Ct∏mƒ Xs‚ P\sØ hnSp-hn-°p-hm≥ btlm-h-tbmSp

At]-£n-t°-≠-Xn\v blqZm tijn-∏ns\ t]cn-∏n-°p-

I-bm-Wn-hn-sS. Ign™ \mfp-I-fnse ssZhoI CS-s]-S-

ep-Isf Ipdn-®p-ff Hm¿Ω, hnap‡ ]hm-kn-I-fpsS

kntbm-\n-te-°p-ff aS-ßn-h-chv ap≥Iqń Z¿in-∏m-\p-ff

apJm-¥n-c-ambn Xocp-∂p. F^v. kn. sP∂nßvkv B

kw`hw hiy-ambn hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp t\m°p-I.

I\Ø Hcp taLw t]mse Dcp≠p IqSn h∂ B

sImSp-¶m-‰n-eqsS Ah¿ IS∂p t]mb-t∏mƒ, AXv Ah-

cpsS IÆp \ocpw s\Sp-ho¿∏p-Ifpw hln®p sIm≠p-

t]m-bn. At∏mƒ, AXp hsc Xßƒ hy¿∞-ambn ]n¥p-

S¿∂n´pw t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø, B kt¥m-jhpw B\-

µhpw sIm≠v HSp-hn¬ Ah-cpsS Xe-Iƒ Ae-¶-cn-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.(59)

51:12- 16:˛ Hcp-]-t£, A∂sØ tkz—m-[n-]-Xnbpw DK-

]o-V-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ s\_p-J-Zvt\-k-dn-t\-tbm, As√-¶n¬

hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ A[¿Ω aq¿Øn-tbtbm b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-

tcm-Sp -ff _‘-Øn¬ Bizm-k-Øn-t‚-Xmb Hcp

ktµiw btlmh \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv. BIm-isØ hncn®p

`qan-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-ßsf C -h-\mb btlm-hsb Ah¿

`b-s∏-tS-Ww. At∏mƒ Zp¿_-e-cmb a\p-jy-tcm-Sp-ff Ah-

cpsS `bw \oßn-t∏m-Ipw. _≤-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-hs\ thK-

Øn¬ Agn®p hnSpw, Ah≥ Ip≠-d-bn¬ acn-°-bn√;

Ahs‚ Blm-c-Øn\p ap´p hcn-I-bp-an-√. A∂v tImsc-

in-\m¬ Agn®p hnS-s∏-Sp∂ Cu ]hm-kn-Iƒ, anin-lm-

bpsS alXz ]Xy-£-X-bn¬ Ah-\m¬ kzX-¥-cm-°-

s∏-Spw. btlmh AXv \S-∏n-em-°pw. AXyp-∂-X-\m-bn-cn-

°p∂ Ah≥ kulrZ ]q¿∆w kao-]-ÿ-\p-am-Ip∂p;

Ah≥ Xs‚ IøpsS \ng-en≥ Iogn¬ Ahsc ad-bv°p-

∂p. Ah≥ Xs‚ hN-\-ßsf Ah-cpsS hmbn¬ B°n-

bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬, Ah¿ temI-Øn¬ Xs‚ kphn-ti-

j-I¿ Bbn-cn-°pw. 16-˛mw hmIyw tbip I¿Øm-hn-t\m-

Sp-ff _‘-Ønepw ]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°mw. ]nXmhv Xs‚

hN-\-ßƒ anin-lm-bpsS hmbn¬ B°n-bn´v Ahs\

kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw kl-km_vZ hmgvNm ImeØv ]pXnb

BIm-ihpw ]pXnb `qanbpw ÿm]n-®n-´v, kotbm-t\m-Sv,

“\o Fs‚ P\w” F∂p ]d-tb-≠-Xn\v Ahs\ \ntbm-

Kn-°bpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.

51:17-˛20:˛ AhfpsS a°ƒ°m¿°pw Ahsf hgn-\-S-

Øp-hm≥ Ign-bmsXbncp-∂-Xpw, £ma-Ømepw hmfn-\mepw

Ahƒ XI¿°-s∏- Xpw A¿≤ ]mW-\mbn hebn¬ AI-

s∏´ am\n-s\-t∏mse Ah-fpsS a°ƒ hgn-Ø-e-bv°¬

\n -lm-b-cmbn InS-∂-Xp-amb, IjvS-X-bpsS Ccp≠

cmXnbv°p tijw Ah≥ sbcp-i-te-an-t\m-Sv, “DWcp-I,

DW-cpI!” F∂v At]-£n-°p-I-bm-Wv.

51:21-˛23:˛ sbcp-i-te-ans\ el-cn-]n-Sn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂

Xs‚ tIm[-Øns‚ ]m\-]mXw Ah≥ FSp-Øp-am-‰pw.

F∂n´v ssZhw \n¿t±-in-®n-cp∂ ]cn-[n-°-∏p-d-ambn Iqc-

X-tbmsS \njv°-cpWw Ah-tfmSp s]cp-am-dnb Ah-fpsS

iXp-°ƒ°p Ah sImSp-°pw.

52:1,2:˛ ]hm-k-Øn-t‚-Xmb Dd-°-Øn¬ \n∂pw

“DWcp-I, DW-cpI” XßfpsS Ae-¶mc hkvXw [cn®p

sImƒI F∂n-ßs\ kotbms\ ho≠pw hnfn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. Ahƒ PmXn-I-fm¬ C\n-sbm-cn-°epw BI-an-°-s∏-

Sp-I-bn-√. InkvXp-hns‚ cmPy-Øns‚ Bcw-`-Øn-¶-te-

°mWv Xo¿®-bmbpw AXp hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂Xv; At∏mƒ

amXta AXv bmYm¿∞y-am-I-bp-f-fq.

52:3˛6:˛ ]W-]-c-amb Hcp t\´-Øn\p th≠n bnkm-

tb-ens\ ASn-a-bmbn hn‰p If-™-X-√. AXp-sIm≠v hne

sImSp-°msX Ah≥ Ahsc ho≠p-sIm-≈pw. ]≠v ]c-

tZ-i-hmkw sNøm≥ AXn-Yn-I-sft∏mse ank-bo-an-te°v

Cd-ßn-s®-∂-h-cmWv bnkm-tb-ey¿; ]t£ ItaW Ah¿

Ah-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]n¬°m-eØv Akq-cycpw

ImcWw IqSmsX Ahsc ]oVn-∏n-®p, F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ

ho≠pw ssZh-P\w btlm-hbv°p bmsXmcp hn[ ]Xn-

-ehpw \¬ImØ ]oV-I-cm¬ \njvTq-c-ambn cn-°-s∏-

Sp-I-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v X\n°p kz¥-am-b-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff

_‘-Øn¬ Xm≥ i‡-\m-sW∂p shfn-s∏-SpØpw;

Aßs\ Xm≥ Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-h≥

F∂p Ah-c-dn-bpw.

52:7˛10:˛ qX-e-Øn-seßpw NnX-dn-°n-S-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-

bn¬ \n∂p-ff blq-Z-∑m-cpsS aSßn hc-hn-s\-bmWv

ASpØ hmIy-ßƒ NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kotbm-\n-te-°p-

ff aS-°-bm-X-bn¬ ]hm-kn-Iƒ ]¿∆-X-ß-fn-eqsS k©-

cn-°p-tºmƒ, anin-lm-bpsS `c-WsØ Ipdn-®p-ff

kZz¿Ø-am\w ]Jym-]n-°p∂ ZqX-∑m¿ Ah¿°p

apºmbn t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. sbcp-i-tew- a-Xn-en-t∑-ep-ff

Imh¬°m-c≥, P\-°q-´-Øns‚ Xe-bv°¬ btlm-h- a-

Sßn hcp-∂-Xp-I≠v D√-kn®p tLmjn-°p-∂p. btlm-h-

bpsS hocy-_-e-Øm-ep-ff hnSp-X¬ BtLm-jn-°p-hm≥

sbcp-i-te-ans\ £Wn-°p-∂p.

sbi-ømhv 51,52

870

52:11,12:˛ Be-b-Ønse D]-I-c-W-ßƒ sbcp-i-te-an-

te°p aS-°ns°m≠p-h-cp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬, Xßƒ

]hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp∂ tZi-Ønse Aip-≤n-I-sf√mw

AhnsS Dt]-£n-®n´p t]mcp-hm≥ AXp Npa-°p-∂-h-tcmSv

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ssZh-amb

btlmh Ah¿°p apº-Sbpw ]nº-Sbpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-

Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ ]cn- -an®v _‘-∏m-tSmsS HmSn-t∏m-tc≠n

hcn-I-bn-√.

4. ]m]-bm-K-ambn Xo¿∂ aninl (52:13-˛53:12)

52- mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-hm-Iy-ßƒ bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ 53-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ `mK-am-Wv. btlm-h-bpsS

Zmks‚ sFlnI PohnXw apX¬ Iqip-h-sc-bp-ff Ncn-

Xhpw Xs‚ alXz ]Xy-£-Xbpw ChnsS NnXo-I-cn-°-

s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp kw_-‘-amb ]h-N-\-ß-fn¬

h®v G‰hpw tijvT-amb Cu ]h-N-\-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬, F_mb InkvXym -\n -bmb AtUmƒ^v

kôdns‚ AXym-th-i-I-c-amb ]IS\w t\m°pI:

A\p-K-ln-°-s∏-´Xpw hne-s∏-´-Xp-amb A≤ym-b-ta,

“blqZ∑mcpsS cmPm-hmb tbip-InkvXp” F∂v apI-

fn¬ Fgp-Xn-t®¿°-s∏´ B Iqins‚ Nph-ń-te-°v,

ssZh-Øns‚ ]pcm-X\ DS-º-Sn-bn-t∑-ep-ff FX-sbX

P\w \n∂m¬ \bn-°-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p! Xs∂-bp-a√,

]n¬°m-e-ß-fn¬ A\p-X-]n®p hniz-kn® bnkm-tb¬,

Xßƒ IpØn-b-h-¶-te°p t\m°n, “km£m¬ \ΩpsS

tcmK-ßsf Ah≥ hln®p; \ΩpsS thZ-\-Isf Ah≥

Npa∂p; \mtam hnNm-cn®p” F∂p B›-cytØmsS ]d-

bp-tºmƒ, \ns∂ Ipdn®v FX-a-l-Xz-ap-ff Hcp hnh-c-W-

amWv \¬I-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv!(60)

52:13:˛ Xs‚ sFlnI ipiq-jm-Im-e-Øp-S-\ofw

btlm-h-bpsS Zmk≥ Icp-X-temsS ]h¿Øn-®p. ]p\-

cp-∞m-\-Øn-eqsS Ah≥ IrXm¿∞-\m-°-s∏-´p. kz¿§m-

tcm-l-W-Øn¬ Ah≥ Db¿∂p s]mßn, al-Xz-Øn¬

ssZh-Øns‚ he-Xp-`m-KØv Ah≥ AXy¥w D∂-X-\m-

°-s∏-´p.

52:14:˛ Ahs‚ H∂mw hc-hn¬, Xs‚ IjvS-X-bpsS

XohX I≠v ]ecpw kvXw`n®p t]mbn, I≠m¬ Bf√

F∂p tXm∂p-amdv Ahs‚ apJhpw ico-chpw hncq-]-am-

°-s∏-´p.

52:15:˛ F∂m¬ Ah≥ ho≠pw hcp-tºmƒ, Xs‚

al-Xz-Øns‚ ]Xm]w I≠v Bfp-Iƒ àn®p t]mIpw.

(NKJV -˛am¿Pn≥) (61) Hcn°epw a\- n-em-°n-bn-ń-√mØ

Ahs‚ ]Xm]w I≠v PmXob cmPm-°-∑m¿ kvX_vZ-

cmbn t]mIpw. Im¬h-dn-bnse B Ffnb a\p-jy≥ cmPm-

[n-cm-Pmhpw I¿Øm[n I¿Øm-hp-am-sW∂v A∂v Ah¿

Kln-°pw.

\ns‚ At]-£-Iƒ sNhn-sIm-≈msX apJw ad-®p-I-

f-™p-sIm≠v A∂p \ns‚ ssZhw t]mepw \ns∂ X≈n-

°-f-™n-√tbm! Hcn-°¬ ASn-sIm≠p hnIr-X-am-°-s∏´

B apJØv \man∂v Xs‚ kIe hn[ al-Xzhpw ImWp-

∂p.

ankv. kn. tXmw]vk¨.

53:1:˛ anin-lm-bpsS H∂mw hc-hns\ Ipdn-®p-ff hnh-

c-a-dn-™-t∏mƒ ]ecpw hniz-kn-®n√ F∂Xv bnkm-tb-

ense A\p-X-]n® tijn∏v Hm¿°p-I-bm-Wv. XXv^-e-am-

bn, btlm-h-bpsS c£-Wy-i‡n ]e¿°pw shfn-s∏-ń-

√.

53:2:˛ Cu ]m]-tem-I-Øn¬ Akm-[m-c-W-amb Hcp

Cfb ssXt]mse btlm-h-bpsS km\-µ-kq£va

ZrjvSn°p apºmsI tbip-I¿Ømhv hf¿∂p h∂p. hc≠

\neØp \n∂p-ff Hcp th¿ t]mse-bm-bn-cp∂ Ah≥.

km[m-cW aÆmb B hc≠ \new bnkm-tb-em-bn-cp-

∂p. bnkm-tb¬ P\-Xsb kw_-‘n®nStØmfw Ah-

\n¬ bmsXm-cp-hn[ kuµ-cyhpw ImWp-hm≥ Ah¿°p

Ign-™n-√. Ahsc BI¿jn-°-Ø-°-Xmb cq]-Kp-Whpw

Ah-\n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ Ah-am-\-Øns‚ \nKq-VX

F^v._n. tab¿ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xp t\m°pI:

kzm`m-hnI BI¿j-I-Xz-an-√m-Ø-Xpw, hn≠p-Io-dnb

\neØp thZ\m ]q¿∆w Xs‚ th¿ ]mbn-°p-∂Xpamb

Cfb ssX. CØ-c-samcp Ae-¶mc ]tbm-K-Øn\v AXn-

t‚-Xmb ]q¿Æ hymJym\w ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ \n∂pw

e`n -°p -∂p. \mń≥ ]pdsØ InkvXp -hns‚

hwtim¬]Øn, Xs‚ ]p¬sØmń, Xs‚ Ffnb kml-

N-cy-ßƒ ˛ Xm≥ Xnc-s™-SpØv ao≥ ]nSp-Ø-°m-cmb

injy-∑m¿; ÿnc-ambn hn[n-°-s∏´ ]ń-Wn, Xs‚ `‡-

∑m-cmb kmam\y P\-ßƒ; Xs‚ Iqins‚ Ccp-h-i-ß-

fnepw I≈-∑mcpw Zpjv°¿Ωn-I-fpw, Ffn-b-hcpw ]mh-

s∏-´-h-cp-amb AwK-ß-fp-ff Xs‚ k` F∂n-h-b-S-ßnb

InkvXp-hns‚ NcnXw hnh-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv AXn-em-

Wv. Xm≥ h∂ D∂Xn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ, am\p-jnI

hn[n-bpsS Ia-t°-Sp-Iƒ Akm-[m-c-Wamw hn[w hyXn-

cn-‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n-epw, Xo¿®-bmbpw CXv Ah-am-

\-am-bn-cp-∂.(62)

53:3:˛ a\p-jy-cm¬ \nµn-°-s∏´pw XyPn-°-s∏- p-an-cp∂

Ah≥ ZpxJ-sa-¥-∂-dn™ Hcp hyk\ ]mX-am-bn-cp-∂p.

a\p-jys\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ah≥ \nµm ]q¿∆w

\nc-kn-°-s∏- -h-\m-bn-cp∂p; bnkm-tb¬ t]mepw Ahs\

hne-a-Xn-®n-√.

A[x-]-Xn® ]m]n-Isf hos≠-Sp-∏m≥ h∂p

ssZh ]pX-\p-ff t]cp t\m°pI; hyk\ ]mXw!

F¥p \s√mcp c£-I≥; lt√-epø!

e÷bpw A]-am-\hpw Iqc-Xbpw kln®v

Fs‚ ÿm\Øv in£ hn[n-°-s∏-´-h-\mbn Ah≥

\n∂p;

Xs‚ c‡-Øm¬ Fs‚ hntam-N\w Dd-∏m-°nb

F¥p \s√mcp c£-I≥; lt√-epø!

53:4˛6:˛ tijn∏v Ct∏mƒ Ahs\ Ipdn-®p-ff kXyw

a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. “Ah≥ hln-®Xv \ΩpsS

sbi-ømhv 52,53

871

tcmK-ß-sf-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \ΩpsS thZ-\-I-fm-bn-cp∂p Ah≥

Npa-∂-Xv. F∂n´pw Ahs\ Iqin-°-s∏-´-h-\mbn I≠-

t∏mƒ, Ahs‚ ]m]-ßƒ \nanØw ssZhw Ahs\

in£n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p \mw hnNm-cn-®p, ]t£ A√!

\ap°p kam-[m-\-ap-≠m-tI-≠-Xn\pw, \mw kuJy-am-°-

s∏-tS-≠-Xn-\pw, \ΩpsS AIr-Xy-ßƒ \nan-Ø-hp-atX

Ah≥ in£n-°-s∏-´-Xv. sX‰n-t∏m-b-h-cpw, Xm¥ms‚

hgn°p Xncn-™-hcpw kXy-Øn¬ \mam-bn-cp∂p; F∂m¬

\ap°p ]Icw ]m]-an-√mØ Ah-\n¬ btlm-h- \ΩpsS

AIr-Xy-ßƒ Npa-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p”, F∂n-]-Imcw Ah¿

A\p-Xm-]-tØmsS G‰p ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.

bnkm-tb¬ tijn∏v Ahs\ Xncn-®-dn-bp∂ B

Imew hsc, InkvXym-\n-I-fmb \ap°v C]-Imcw G‰p

]dbmw:

\ΩpsS AXn-I-a-ßƒ \nanØw Ah≥ apdn-th-‰p.

\ΩpsS ]m]-ßƒ Xs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ hln-®p-sIm≠v

Ah≥ ac-Øn-t∑¬ Xqßn;

\ΩpsS AIr-Xy-ßƒ°p ]Icw Ah≥ kam-[m\w

\¬In

ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂pw \sΩ hnSp-hn-®p,

Ahs‚ ASn-∏n-W-cm¬, Ahs‚ ASn-∏n-W-cm¬

Ahs‚ ASn-∏n-W-cm¬ \ΩpsS tZln-Iƒ°p

kuJyw e`n-®p.

AXn-I-a-°m-tcmSp IqsS Ah≥ FÆ-s∏-´p,

Xs‚ ssZh-Øm¬ XyPn-°-s∏- -h-\mbn \mw Ahs\

Icp-Xn,

\ap-°p-th≠n ]m]-bm-K-ambn Ah≥ acn-®-Xn-\m¬

\oXn-]-amWw \nd-th-‰-s∏- p.

\ΩpsS ]m]-sa√mw \ΩpsS ]m]-sa√mw

\ΩpsS ]m]-sa√mw Ah≥ta¬ Npa-Øn.

BSp-I-fp-sS- C-Sb\mb-hs‚ Iq´-Øn¬ \n∂pw Zqsc

\mw sX‰n Dg-∂p-t]m-bn, \msa√mw sX‰n Dg-∂p-t]mbn;

iq\yhpw Xcn-ip-am-bn-cp∂ ae-]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

Ah≥ \sΩ sXc™p Is≠-Øn,

ssZh h-\-Øn-te°p sIm≠p-h-∂p, ssZh h-\-Øn-

te°p sIm≠p-h∂p

ssZh-`-h-\-Øn-te°p kpc-£n-X-ambn sIm≠p-h∂p.

˛ tXmakv. H. Intjmw

saUn-°¬ kb≥kn\p ]cn-Nn-X-amb A©p-hn[ apdn-

hp-Ifpw \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip kln®p: NXhv ˛

tImen-\m-ep-ff ASn: Iod¬ ˛ NΩ-ń-sIm-≠p-ff ASn;

Xpf™p Ib-dp∂ apdnhv apƒ°n-coSw; Zzmc-ß-fm-bp-ff

apdnhv ˛ BWn-Iƒ; shń-bp-ff apdnhv ˛ Ip¥w.

53:7,8:˛ tcmaw IXn-°p-∂-h-cpsS apºmsI ]cm-Xn-I-

fn-√msX au\-ambn \n¬-°p∂ Hcp BSn-s\-t∏mse

Ah≥ Iqins\ kln-®p. XS-h-d-bn¬ \n∂pw ]cn-tim-

[-\-bn¬ \n∂pw Ahs\ _≤-s∏-Sp-Øn. (A-Yhm ]oV-

\-Ømepw in£m hn[n-bmepw Ah≥ FSp-°-s∏-´p.)

Xs‚ bu∆-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ Ah≥ tOZn-°-s∏-Spw, P\-

Øns‚ ]m]-ßƒ \nanØw sIm√-s∏-´p-an-cns° Ah\p

Xe-ap-d-I-fp-≠m-bn-cn-∏m≥ bmsXmcp km[yX-Ifpw ImWp-

∂n-√.

53:9:˛ AXnIa°mtcmSp IqsS Ahs\ AS-°p-hm≥

ZpjvS-∑m¿ KqVm-tem-N\ \S-Øn, F∂m¬ ssZhw AXp

Akm-[p-hm-°n-bXp sIm≠v Xs‚ ac-W-Øn¬- -A-cn-a-Xy-

°m-c-\mb tbmtk- ns‚ ]pXnb I√-d-bn¬ Ah≥ kº-

∂-∑m-tcmSp IqsS-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ kml-k-sam∂pw

sNøm-sXbpw t`mjv°p ]d-bm-sX-bp-an-cp-∂n- pw, am\-h¿

Ah\v A]-am-\-I-c-amb Hcp AS°w \¬Ip-hm≥ KqVm-

tem-N\ \S-Øn.

53:10,11a:- F∂n´pw XI¿Øp If-hm≥ Ah≥ tbmKy-

s\∂p btlmh I≠p, Ah≥ Ah\p IjvSw hcp-Øn.

Ahs‚ ]mW≥ Hcp AIr-Xy-bm-K-ambn A¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-

tºmƒ Ah≥ k¥-Xnsb ImWp-Ibpw (˛-F∂p h®m¬

Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂p Gh-\pw) \nXy Pohs‚

i‡nbm¬ Zo¿Lm-bp p ]m]n-°bpw sNøpw. ssZhoI

]≤-Xn-I-sf√mw Ah-\n-eqsS \nd-th-‰-s∏-Spw, Xs‚ c‡-

Øm¬ hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ P\-k-aq-lsØ ImWp-tºmƒ

Ah≥ XnI®pw Xr]vX-\m-Ipw.

53:11b:˛- “\oXnam-\mb Fs‚ Zmk≥ Xs‚ ]cn-

⁄m\w sIm≠p ]e-tcbpw \oXn-I-cn°pw” F∂Xns‚

A¿∞w, ]nXm-hns‚ lnXsØ Ipdn-®p-ff Xs‚ ]cn-

⁄m\w Iqip ac-W-Øn-te°v Xs∂ \bn-®p, Xs‚

B acW ]p\-cp-∞m-\-ß-fm¬ hnizm-kn-Isf \oXn-I-cn-

°-s∏´hcm-bn- IW-°m-°p-hm≥ X\n°p Ign-bp∂p

F∂m-Wv. As√-¶n¬, “Ahs\ Ipdn-®p-ff ]cn-⁄m-\-

Øm¬” F∂ph-®m¬ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏´ a\p-jy¿ Ahs\

Adn-bp-hm≥ CS-h-cp∂p (tbm-l.17:3) F∂pw AXp

sIm≠¿∞-am-°mw. CXn¬ GXm-bmepw, Ah-cpsS AIr-

Xy-ßƒ Xm≥ hln-®Xp \nan-Ø-amWv ]e-cp-tSbpw \nXo-

I-cWw km[y-am-b-Xv.

apI-fn¬ D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂, tXmakv Intjm-ans‚

]mńse Ah-km-\sØ JWvUnI hnP-bm-tLm-j-

tØmsS hmbn-°mw:

Ahs‚ Xe-ap-dsb B¿°p FÆmw?

Ahs‚ Iqinse hnP-b-ß-sf√mw B¿ tLmjn°pw?

acn® e£-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ Ct∏mƒ ho≠pw Pohn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Akw-Jy-am-fp-Iƒ Ahs‚ \nc-bn¬ Ahs\ A\p-K-

an-°p∂p!

Pbm-fn-bmb I¿Øm-hv, Pbm-fn-bmb I¿Øm-hv,

Pbm-fn-bmb I¿Ømhv hcp-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ cmPmhv!

53:12:˛ Xs‚ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏´ ]hr-Øn-bpsS

sbi-ømhv 53

872

as‰mcp êw alm-∑m-tcmSp IqsS btlmh Ah\p

Hmlcn ]¶nSpw F∂p-f-f-Xm-Wv. F∂p h®m¬ Ah-\p-am-

bp-ff Ah-cpsS _‘-Øn¬ amXw Xß-fpsS tijvTX

ASn-ÿm-\-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂. hnip-≤-∑m-tcmSp IqsS Ah\p

Hmlcn e`n-°p-sa-∂¿∞w . _e-hm-∑m-tcmSp IqsS Ah≥

sIm≈ ]¶nSpw; Xßfn¬ Xs∂ _e-lo-\-cm-bn-cns°

I¿Ømhn¬ _e-hm-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-I-sf-bmWv

ChnsS _e-hm-∑m¿ F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Xs‚ al-Xz-am¿∂ hnP-b-Øn-\p-ff \mep Imc-W-ßƒ

ChnsS \¬I-s∏-ń-´p≠v: (1) Ah≥ Xs‚ ]mWs\ ac-

W-Øn\p Hgp-°n-°-f-™p. (2) AXn-I-a-°m-tcmSp IqsS

Ah≥ FÆ-s∏- p, F∂p h®m¬ c≠p I≈-∑m-cpsS \Sp-

hn¬ Iqin-°-s∏-´p. (3) At\-I-cpsS ]m]w Ah≥ hln-

®p. (4) AXn-I-a-°m¿°p th≠n CS-\n-∂p. tUhnUv

_mc¨ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv:

bm^vPnb (yaph gia - “CS\n-∂p”) F∂p-ff Inbm-

]Zw A]q¿Æhpw Ahy-‡-hp-amb mhn-bpsS Hcp ZrjvSm-

¥-amWv; XpS-ßn-bn´v CXp-hsc Ah-km-\n-°mØ Hcp

]hr-Øn-sb-bmWv AXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. sUen‰vkv

]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, “]nXmth, Ch¿ sNøp-

∂Xv C∂-sX∂p Adn-bm-bvI-sIm≠v Ch-tcmSp £an-t°-

Wsa” F∂pff Iqin-°-s∏´ c£-Is‚ ]m¿∞-\-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. AXns‚ G‰hpw hnti-j-am-bn-´p-ff \nh¿Øo-

I-c-Ww. F∂m¬ Iqin¬ XpS-ßn-h® ]£-hm-Z-Øn-s‚-

Xmb Cu ]hrØn C∂v ]nXm-hns‚ he-Øp-`m-K-Øn-cn-

°p-tºmgpw Xm≥ XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-en\v A\p-

Xm-]hpw ]m]-£-abpw \¬tI-≠-Xn-\p-ff c£-I\pw ]`p-

am-bn-´mWv Xm≥ ]nXm-hn-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ Ccn-°p-∂-Xv.(63)

Cu henb `mKw samØ-Øn¬ FSp-°p-tºmƒ

AXns‚ ]q¿∆m-]c sshcp-≤y-Øn-t∑-ep-ff aqUn-bpsS

A`n-]mbw t\m°pI:

\nµn-°-s∏-´-h≥, F∂m¬ A∏ƒ Xs∂ AwKo-I-cn-

°-s∏- -h\pw Bcm-[y-\p-am-b-h≥; Zcn-Z≥ F¶nepw kº-

∂≥; acn-t°-≠-Xn\v F¶nepw Pohn-t°-≠-Xn\v. Cu

A≤ymbw \nhr-Øo-I-cn-∏m≥ Hcp Cc´ aninlm D≠m-

bn-cn-°p-sa∂v d∫n-am¿ ]d-™n- p-≠v.(64)

5. hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c\pw D≤m-c-I-\p-amb aninlm.

(A.54)

54:1˛3:-˛ InkvXp-hns‚ ac-Ww, AS-°w, Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂¬∏v, al-Xzo-I-cWw F∂nh hnh-cn-°p∂ 53-˛mw

A≤ym-b-Øn\p sXm´p ]n∂mse hcp∂ 54- mw A≤ymbw

“tLmjn°” F∂ ]Z-tØmsS Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv bmZr-—n-

I-am-bn-´-√, adn®v AhnsS D]-tbm-Kn-∏m≥ CXn-t\-°mƒ

DNn-X-amb as‰mcp ]Z-an-√.

]k-hn-°mØ a®nbpw GIm-In-\n-bp-am-bn-cp∂ bnkm-

tb¬ ]hm-kn-I-sf, k¥m\ ]pjvSn-bp-f-f-h-cmbn BÀm-

Zn-°p∂ hos≠-Sp-°-s∏- -hcpw ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°-s∏- -h-cp-amb

P\-X-tbmSp Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I-bmWv H∂mw hmIyw.

kz¿§ob sbcp-itew ùanI \K-c-Øn\p FXn-cm-bn-cn-

°p-∂Xp NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

]utemkv Kem-Xy¿. 4:21-˛31 hmIy-ß-fn¬ Cu hmIyw

D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. AXn-c‰ P\sØ A[n-h-kn-∏n-t°-≠-

Xn\v tZi-Øns‚ AXn¿ hnkvXr-X-am-°-s∏- n- p-≠v. PmXn-

I-fpsS \mb-I≥ bnkm-tb-em-bn-cn°pw Dt]-£n-°-s∏´

]´-W-ß-fn¬ ssZh-P\w hkn-°pw.

54:4˛8:-˛ ank-boay ASn-a-Øhpw (bu-∆-\w) _m_n-

t\m\y ]hm-k-hp-ambn (ssh-[-hyw) _‘-s∏- p-ff F√m

e÷bpw ad∂p t]mIpw, ImcWw btlmh Xm\p-am-bn-

´p-ff Iq´mbvabn-te°v P\sØ aS-°n-s°m-≠p-h-cpw.

s\mSn t\c-tØ-°p-ff btlm-h-bpsS tIm]sØ

]hmkw kqNn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ ]p\-cp-≤m-cWw Ahs‚

henb a\- -en-hn-t\bpw \nXy Zb-tbbpw ]Z¿in-∏n-°pw.

54:9,10:˛ bnkm-tb¬ kl-km_vZ hmgvN-bn¬ ]th-

in®p Ign-™m¬ ]ns∂ Ahs‚ imk-\-tbm, DK-tIm-

]tam Ah¿ Hcn-°epw A\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcn-I-bn-s√-∂v,

t\ml-tbmSp DS-ºSn sNbvX-Xp-t]m-se, ssZhw Ct∏mƒ

Ah¿°p Dd-∏p-\¬Ip-I-bm-Wv.

54:11,12:˛ sbcp-itew Ct∏mƒ Acn-jvS-bpw, sImSp-

¶m-‰n\m¬ ASn-°-s∏´p Bizm-k-a-‰-h-fp-ambn Ccn-°p-

∂p-sh-¶n-epw, ssZhw Ahsf ]p\-cp-≤-cn®p at\m-l-cn-

bm-°n-Xo¿°pw. Ah-fpsS I√v A⁄-\-Øn¬ ]Xn-°p-

Ibpw \oe°-√p-sIm≠v Ah-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-an-Sp-Ibpw

sNøpw. Ah-fpsS Xmgn-I-°p-S-ß-fpw, tKm]p-c-ß-fpw, aXn-

ep-Ifpw at\m-l-chpw hne-tb-dn-b-Xp-amb I√p-sIm-≠m-

bn-cn°pw D≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXy-¥-amb at\m-lm-

cnX ]I-Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xn-\p-ff Be-¶m-cnI ]tbm-Kß-fm-

Wn-h. Hcp Cw•ojv ]Zy-Øn¬ Uo≥ B¬t^mUv sbcp-

i-te-ans‚ mhn hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp t\m°pI:

\ΩpsS ssZhw hkn-°p∂ \Kc tKm]p-c-ßƒ

Zqsc NI-hm-f-Øn-\-∏p-dØv ImWm-bv hcp∂p;

B at\m-lc `h\w \Ωp-tS-XmWv!

kqcy-Im¥sØcpho-Yn-Iƒ an∂p-∂p.

s]m∂n≥ \K-c-hm-Xn¬ Xnf-ßp∂p

]d-™-dn-bn-°m-\m-hmØ BÀmZw ]I¿∂p-sIm≠v

kt¥mj \Zn Hgp-Ip∂p.

54:13- 15:˛ F√m-hcpw ssZhoI in£Ww ]m]n-®-hcpw

kar≤n A\p- -hn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-bn-cn°pw; \oXn ]_-e-s∏-

Spw. BI-a-WsØ Ipdn-t®m, ]hm-ksØ AYhm ]oU-

\sØ Ipdnt®m C\n-sbm-cn-°epw `b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√.

Bsc-¶nepw bnkm-tb-en-t\mSp Ie-i¬ IqSn-bm¬

Ah≥ hnNm-cW sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw in£n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNøpw.

54:16,17:˛ Bbp-[-ßƒ D≠m°p-∂-h-t\bpw (sIm-√≥)

tPXm-hn-t\bpw (kw-lm-c-I≥) krjvSn® ssZhw, Xs‚

krjvSnsb \nb-¥n-°p-hm\pw Ign-hp-f-f-h-\m-Wv. bnkm-

tb-en\p hntcm-[-ambn D≠m-°-s∏-Sp∂ bmsXmcp Bbp-

[hpw en-°-bn-√. ZWvU-\m-⁄-bn¬ \n∂p-ff Cu hnSp-

Xepw Nne ]tXyI hnP-b-ßfpw btlm-h-bpsS Zmk-

sbi-ømhv 54,55

873

∑m-cpsS Ah-Im-i-am-Wv. kam-[m-\-Øn-t‚bpw kar-≤n-

bp-tSbpw B kph¿Æ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ ssZhw Ahsc

\oXn-I-cn-°p-∂Xp C]-Im-c-am-Wv.

6. temssII kphn-ti-j-I-\mb aninl (55:1˛56:8)

55:1˛:-˛ bnkm-tb-en\p aS-ßn-h-cp-hm-\p-ff kphn-ti-

jI £Ww Ab-bv°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w ssZhm-flmhv kIe

ÿe-ß-fn-ep-f-f-h-sc-sb√mw kphn-tij kZy-bn-te°v

£Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Bh-iy-t_m[w (Zm-lw) amXta AXn-

\-Xy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-bn-´p-f-fp. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚

sh≈hpw kt¥m-j-Øns‚ ho™pw \√ ssZh hN-\-

Øns‚ ]mep-amWv Ahn-SpsØ A\p-K-l-ßƒ. Zhy-tam,

hnetbm IqSm-sX-bp-f-f, Ir]-bpsS kuP\y Zm\-ß-fmWv

Ah.

55:2˛5:˛ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p-ff AI¬®-bn¬ bnkm-

tb¬ Xs‚ Du¿÷hpw kºØpw ]mgm-°p-I-bm-Wv.

bYm¿∞ kwXr-]vXnbpw \ne-\n¬°p∂ kt¥m-jhpw

btlm-h-bn¬ amX-ta-bp-f-fq. bnkm-tb¬ btlm-h-bn-¶-

te°p aSßn hcp-sa-¶n¬, Zmho-Zn\p hmKvZØw sNbvX

imizX \nb-a-Øns‚ \∑ Ah¿ A\p-`-hn-°pw. (k-¶o.

89:3,4,28,29 ImWp-I). tbip I¿Øm-hnepw Ahs‚ al-

Xz-am¿∂ `c-W-Ønepw Cu A\p-K-l-ßƒ \nd-th-‰-s∏-

Sp-∂p. B cmPy-Ønse \∑-Iƒ PmXn-Ifpw A\p-`-hn-

∏m≥ CS-hcpw; IqSmsX bnkm-tbepw PmXn-Ifpw XΩn¬

kulrZ _‘w ÿm]n-°pw.

55:6,7:˛ ]m]w Dt]-£n®p btlm-hsb At\z-jn-°p-

∂-Xn-emWv A\p-K-l-Øn-\p-ff DuSp hgn-Iƒ InS-°p-

∂-Xv. Aßs\ btlm-h-bn-¶-te°p aS-ßn-h-cp-∂-h-t\mSv

Ah≥ Icp-W-Im-Wn-°bpw [mcmfw £an-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw.

55:8,9:˛ a\p-jy¿ Xß-fpsS hnNm-c-ßfpw hgn-Ifpw

h®v btlm-hsb \ymbw hn[n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√. a\p-jy\v

k¶¬∏n-°p-hm≥ t]mepw Ign-bp-∂-Xn-\-∏p-d-amb hgn-I-

fn-emWv Ah≥ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xpw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xpw.

kz]-b-Xv\-Øn\p bmsXmcp al-Xzhpw I¬∏n-°m-sX,

kI-ehpw ssZhoI Icp-W-bn-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂

c£Wy kphn-tij ]≤-Xn-bn-ep-f-f-Xn-t\-°mƒ kXy-a√

Ch-sbm-cn-°-epw. emfn-Xyhpw kuIp-am-cy-hp-ap-ff km[m-

cW mj-bn¬ Cw•o-jp-Im-c-\mb hneyw Iu]¿, “SqØv”F∂ Xs‚ Ihn-X-bn-eqsS AXv ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.

Hm, a\p-jys‚ k¶o¿Æ-amb ]hr-Øn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw

FX hyXy-kvX-am-Wv,

kz¿§-Øns‚ efn-X-hpw, AIr-Xn-a-hpw, _m[y-X-I-

fn-√m-Ø-Xp-amb ]≤Xn

t\c-tºm-°n\p IrXna ]In-´p-ff Nmcp-X-Iƒ Ahn-

sS-bn√;

_e-lo-\-X-bn¬ \ns∂-∂-t]mse B¿`m-S-Øn¬

\n∂pw kzX-¥-ambv

\mw ImWp∂ BImi h¿Æ-I-am\w t]mse

Xt‚-Xmb emfnXy ]uVn-tbmsS AXp \n¬°p-∂p.

kzbta \¬Ip∂ ]Im-i-Øm¬ kv]jvS-am-bn-cn-°p∂

Hcp \£X Poh≥ ]` Zqsc-\n∂p kphy-‡-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

“hniz-kn®p Poh≥ ]m]n°” F∂p ]mWs\ DtØ-

Pn-∏n-°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ

B tK‰n\p apI-fn¬ sImØ-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.

55:10,11:˛ agbpw a™pw- t]mse ssZh-h-N\w FXn-

cn´p XSp-Øp IqSm-ØXpw e-]-Z-hp-am-Wv. temI-Ønse

ssk\y-ß-sf√mw ian-®mepw Ahsb XSp-°p-hm≥

km[n-°-bn-√. Ahsb Ipdn®p Dt±-in® Imcyw AXp

km[n-°p-∂p. ssZh-h-N\w Hcn-°epw AXns‚ e£y-

ßƒ t\Sm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√.

Fs‚ hmbn¬ \n∂p ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ Fs‚ hN\w Bbn-

cn-°pw. AXp shdpsX Fs‚ ASp-°-te°p aS-ßn-h-

cmsX F\n°p CjvS-ap-f-fXp \nh¿Øn°bpw Rm≥

Ab® Imcyw km[n-∏n-°bpw sNøpw.

55;12,13:˛ btlm-hsb At\z-jn-°p-∂-h¿ ]hmk

tZiØp \n∂v kt¥m-j-tØmsS ]pd-s∏´v kam-

[m\ap≈h-cmbn h-\Øn-te°p t]mIpw. ]IrXn H∂-

S¶w Ah-cpsS kzmX-¥y-Øn¬ kt¥m-jn-°pw. tZiw

im]-Øn¬ \n∂pw hnap-‡-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ e-ambn

ê-k-ar-≤n-bp-≠m-Ipw. apf-fn\pw ]d°mcbv°pw ]Icw

kc-f-hr-£hpw sImgp¥pw apf-bv°pw. ta¬∏-d™ kl-

km_vZ hmgvNm-\p-K-l-ß-sf-√mw, ssZh-Øn\p Io¿Øn-

bm-bpw, tOZn-°-s∏-SmØ imiz-Xm-S-bm-f-ambpw Ccn°pw;

F∂p h®m¬ Xs‚ IcpWbptSbpw \∑-bp-tSbpw \nXy-

amb Hcp ⁄m]-Iw.

56:1˛8:˛ ssZhoI hnSp-X-ens‚ ]Xo-£-bn¬, ]hm-

kn-Iƒ \ymbw ]am-Wn®p InkvXp-hns‚ cmPy-Øns‚

GsX-¶nepw \∑-Iƒ \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v A\y-Pm-Xn-

°m-c-t\m, jWvUt\m b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬

btlm-h-bpsS hm°v A\p-k-cn-°p∂h¿°v Xnc-s™-Sp-

°-s∏´ ÿm\-am-\-ßƒ e`y-am-Ipw. A∂v Bebw

bnkm-tb-en\p amX-a-√, kIe PmXn-Iƒ°p-ap-ff Hcp

]m¿∞-\m-ebw Bbn-cn-°pw. bnkm-tb¬ Krl-Øn\p

]pdta ssZhw PmXn-I-tfbpw Xs‚ Bń≥Iq-´-Øn¬

tN¿°pw.

7. ZpjvS-∑msc \ymbw hn[n-°p-∂-h-\mb aninl

(56:9˛57:21)

56:9˛12:-˛ a’c \mfp-I-fnse bnkm-tb-en-te°v 9˛mw

hmIyw Xncn-bp-I-bm-Wv. A]-ISw ImWmØ Imh¬°m-

c-\p-ff Hcp P\sØ in£n-°p-hm≥ PmXn-Isf (ar-

Kßƒ) £Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ipc®p P\-ßƒ°p ap∂-dn-

bn∏p \¬ImØ Dua \mbv°-sf-t]m-se-bm-W-h¿. Ah¿

\nZ-]n-b-∑m-cmb kz]v\-°m-cm-Wv. Zthy-—bpw kzm¿∞-

X-bp-apff AXym-K-ln-I-fmb CS-b-∑m-ctX Ah¿. “C∂v

sbi-ømhv 55,56,57

874

Bbn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse \msfbpam-bn-cn°pw; Ipsd-°qsS

ss[cy-am-bn-cn° (sdm-WmƒUv t\mIvkv)” F∂p ]d-™p-

sIm≠v Ah¿ Xß-fpsS kvt\ln-X-∑msc aZyw IpSn®p

aZn-°p-hm≥ £Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

57:1,2:˛ 57- mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ BZysØ c≠p hmIy-

ßƒ, apºp-ff A≤ym-b-Øns‚ 9˛12 hmIy-ß-fp-ambn

_‘-s∏´p InS-°p-∂p. ]m]-Øn-t‚bpw FXn¿∏p-I-fp-

tSbpw at[y, \oXn-am-∑m¿ ]oV-\-Øm¬ \in-°p-∂p.

am\p-jnI \ne-]m-Sn¬ Bcpw AXp KWy-am-°p-∂n-√.

F∂m¬ ssZhw Icp-Xp∂p-˛ Ah≥ ssZho-I-am-b-Xns\

A\¿∞-Øn¬ \n∂p hnSp-hn®p kam-[m-\-Øn-te°pw

hnim-a-Øn-te°pw ]th-in-°p-∂p.

57:3˛6:˛ ]hm-k-Øn¬ t]mepw Nne¿ Xß-fpsS hnK-

lm-cm-[\ XpS¿∂p t]m∂p. hy`n-Nm-cnIfpw thiy-I-fp-

ambn Xo¿∂v Ahn-iz-kvX-cmbncn°p∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS

k¥-Xn-I-fmWv C°q-´¿. btlm-hsb ]cn-l-kn-°p∂

Ah¿ AXn-I-a-°mcpw hymP k¥-Xn-I-fp-a-tX. hr£-

ßsf Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Imam-‘-

X-bm¬ Ah¿ Pzen-°p-∂p. tXm´-cnsI h®v Ah¿ Xß-

fpsS Ip™p-ßsf _men\p th≠ntbm tamse-°n\p

th≠ntbm Adp-°p-∂p.

57:7˛10:˛ ae-I-fn-ep-ff ]qPm-Kn-cn-I-fnse hnK-l-ß-

fp-am-bp-ff hy`n-Nmc _‘-amWv Ch-sb-√mw. IX-Inepw

Iń-f-bnepw ssZhoI N´-ßƒ Fgp-tX-≠-Xn\p ]Icw

(B-h.6:9;11:20) IX-In\p ]pd-In¬ Ah¿ hnKl AS-

bm-f-ß-ƒ Xq°n-bn-´p-sIm≠v ssewKnI aZn-tcm-’-h-ß-

fn-te¿s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah¿ cmPm-hn\p (tam-se-°ns‚ A¿∞w-

˛-cm-Pm-hv) hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw ImgvN-Ifpw sIm≠p hcp-∂p.

Ad-∏p-f-hm-°p∂ ]pXnb am¿§-ßƒ I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-∂-Xn\v

Ah¿ ZqX-∑msc ]mXm-f-tØmfw Ab-bv°p-∂p. Xß-

fpsS Zp¿\-S∏p \nanØw Ah¿ Xf¿∂p t]mIp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬t]m-epw, Ah-cXp Dt]-£n-°p-∂n√; ]Icw IqSp-X¬

A[¿Ω ]hr-Øn-Iƒ°mbn Xnc-°p-Iq-´p-∂-Xm-bmWv

ImWp-∂-Xv.

57:11-˛13:˛ btlm-hsb `b-s∏-SmsX Ah¿ t`mjv°p

]d-Ibpw Ah\p ho≠p hnNm-c-Øn\p CS \¬Im-Xn-cn-

°bpw sNøp-∂p. Ah≥ an≠msX kam-[m-\-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ahs\ Ipdn-®p-ff _lp-am\w Ah¿°p

\jvS-am-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS kzb-\oXnIc-Whpw

]m]hpw Ah¿ shfn-®-Øm°pw; Ah-cpsS hnK-l-ßƒ

Ahsc c£n-°p-I-bn-√. Ah-cpsS tZh-∑m¿ Ahsc

Xo¿Øpw ssIsh-Sn-bpw. F∂m¬ btlm-h-bn¬ Bi-

bn-°p-∂-h≥ A\p-K-l-Øn-te°v ]th-in-°pw.

57:14-˛19:˛ ]hm-k-Øn-ep-ff hnizkvX∑mcpsS aS-ßn-

h-c-hn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Hcp s]cp-hgn Hcp-°p-sa∂v

ssZhw hmKvZØw \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv. Ah≥ Ah-cpsS

kIe XS- -ßfpw \o°w-sN-øpw. D∂-X\pw ]cn-ip-≤-

\p-ambn hkn-°p∂ ssZhw, Xmgvabpw a\x-ÿm-]-ap-f-f-h-

cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fnepw hkn-°p-∂p. Xm≥ krjvSn-®n-´p-ff

tZln-I-tfmSp Ah≥ Ft∂°pw hmZn-°-bn-√, As√-¶n¬

Ah¿ Xs‚ tIm]-Øm¬ \in®p t]mIpw. AXym-K-ln-

Ifpw ]n∑m-‰-°m-cp-amb Xs‚ P\-Øn-\p-t\sc Ah≥

Xs‚ DK-tIm]w Ab-bv°pw, F¶nepw Xs‚ tIm]-

Øn\p Hcp ]cn-[n-bp-≠v. Xß-fpsS A[-c-ß-fpsS êw

Xs‚ apºmsI sIm≠p hcp-hm≥ CS-h-cp-Øn-s°m≠v

hnK-lm-cm-[\ hn´p Xncn-bp-∂-hsc ssZhw ]p\-cp-≤-cn-

°pw.

57:20,21:˛ ZpjvS-∑msc Ie-ßn-a-dn-bp∂ IS-en-t\mSv D]-

an-°p∂ sbi-øm-hns‚ hnti-j-hm-°p-I-tfm-Sp-ff _‘-

Øn¬ Cw•o-jn¬ Xmsg ImWpw ]Imcw at\m-l-c-amb

Hcp ]Zy-ap≠v:

20: ZpjvS-∑msc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ah¿

IS¬ t]mse-bm-Ip∂p;

sImSp-¶m-‰n-\m¬ AΩm-\-am-S-s∏-Sp-∂- A-Xn\v

AS-ßn-bn-cn-∏m≥ Ign-bp-∂n√.

AXnse sh≈w kZm tatem´v Db-cp-∂p.

AXp tNdpw sNfnbpw tatem´v X≈p-∂p.(65)

ZpjvS∑m¿°v kam-[m-\-an-√m-sX-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ \oXn-

am-∑m¿ kam-[m-\-tØmsS hkn-°pw.

C. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]m]w, \ymb-hn-[n, A\p-

Xm]w, ]p\-cp-≤m-cWw (A.58-˛66)

hniz-kvX-cp-tSbpw kzaX XymKn-I-fp-tSbpw BXy-¥n-

I-amb ]cn-Wn-X-êw sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Ah-

km-\sØ H≥]Xp A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

B¬Ûv am¿ń≥ AXns\ kwt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp

t\m°pI:

temI-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ A\p-K-

l-ß-fpsS ssIh-gn-bpw, Zmks‚ P\-amb bnkm-tb-en\p

th≠n ssZhw Icp-Xn-h-®-Xns‚ tijvT ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-

hp-amWv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Ah-km\ mKØv hnh-cn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. a’-cn-Ifpw hniz-kvXcpw XΩn-ep-ff i‡-

amb Hcp Xmc-X-ay-]-T\w Cu mK-Øp-S-\ofw ImW-s∏-Sp-

∂p. ssZh hN-\-Øn¬ GsXmcp mKØp t\m°n-bmepw

Cu sshcp≤yw ImWm-Xn-cn-°-bn-√.(66)

1. bYm¿∞ Bflo-b-X-bpsS BÀmZw (A.58)

58:1˛5:-˛ blq-Z-bpsS ewL\w Dds° ]Jym-]n-°p-

hm≥ ]hm-N-I-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ Xßƒ A\p-k-c-W-bp-ff Hcp PmXn-bm-sW∂

ań¬ Zn\w ]Xn-bp-ff Xß-fpsS BNm-c-ßƒ A\p-

jvTn®p t]mcp-∂-Xn¬ P\w kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-´mWv

ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Xß-fpsS t\mºpw Bfl-X-]\ ]hr-

Øn-Ifpw I≠v ]h¿Øn-°msX au\am-bn-cn-°p∂

ssZhsØ hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah¿ Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ t\mºn¬ Xß-fpsS the-°msc sIm≠v A≤zm-

\n-∏n-°bpw Iqc-apjvSn ]tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ah-

cpsS Nmcn-Xm¿∞ysØ ssZhhpw H‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wn-

hnsS. ssZh-Øn\p CjvS-ap-ff t\mº√ Ah-cp-tS-Xv. imco-

sbi-ømhv 57,58

875

cnI Ahÿ kw_-‘n-®p-ff Hcp hnj-b-tam, As√-¶n¬

ZpxJ-Øn-t‚-Xmb Hcp _mly ]Z¿i-\tam A√ bYm¿∞

D]-hmkw.(67)

58:6-˛8:˛ ZpjvS-X-bp-tS-Xmb A\ymb _‘-\-ßsf

Agn-°p-I, ]oV-\-Øn-t‚-Xmb \pIw Db¿Øp-I, hni-

∏p-f-f-h¿°v Blmcw \¬IpI km[p-°ƒ°v A`bw

\¬Ip-I, \·sc DSp-∏n-°p-I, Zcn-Z-cm-bn-cn -°p∂

Ab¬°msc klm-bn-°pI F∂n-ß-s\-bp-ff Imcy-ßƒ

sNbvXXn\p tij-ap-ff D]-hm-k-amWv ssZhw CjvS-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv. A]-Imcw kmaq-lnI \oXn \S-∏m-°p-∂-h¿°v

kuJyhpw, kpc-£n-X-Xz-hpw, ssZhnI \S-Øn∏pw Ah≥

hmKvZm\w sNøp-I-bm-Wv. “\ns‚ \oXn” F∂v ChnsS

]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv ta¬

]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ ImcpWy ]hr-Øn-I-tfm, As√-

¶n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂hcp-sS-ta¬ sNmcn-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂

ssZhoI \oXntbm Bhmw. 5˛8 hmIy-ß-fpsS mhm¿Ø

hnh-c-Ww kvt°mńjv k¶o¿Ø\ ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-f-fXv

ChnsS FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°p-∂Xp A\p-tbm-Py-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Zbbpw Icp-Wbpw \ns‚

]oV-\- mcw ]¶p-h-bv°s´;

\n -lm-bcpw h\ cln-X-cp-amb km[p-°ƒ

\ns‚ ]tXyI Icp-X-en¬ Iogn-em-h-s´.

[mcm-f-am-bp-ff \ns‚ mKym-\p-`-h-ßƒs°m∏w

hni-°p∂ A\m-Ysc \o k¬°-cn°;

Ae™p \S-°p-∂-hsc \ns‚ h-\-Øn-te°p

£Wn®p Ah¿°mbn hni-a-Øn¬ InS° hncn-°.

AXn-ssi-Xy-Øm¬ ZpxJn-°p-∂-h¿°v

\o hkvXw \¬In, Ah-cpsS XWp-∏-I-‰pI;

hne-]n-°p-∂-h¿°p kt¥mjw ]I-cp∂

A\p-Kr-loX ZuXyw \nt‚-Xm-I-s´.

At∏mƒ hcp-hm-\p-ff \ns‚ \mfp-Iƒ

kt¥m-jhpw kam-[m-\hpw \nd™

]`mXw t]mse tim`n-°-s∏-Spw.

\ns‚ ]mX-I-fn-se√mw ssZh-tX-P v ]Im-in-°pw.

58:9˛12:˛ ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ Ft∏mƒ hnfn-

®mepw “Rm≥ hcp∂p” F∂v Ah≥ Acp-fn-sN-øpw. Ip‰-

s∏-Sp-Ønbpw ]cn-l-kn®pw hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-Xpw, ]oV-

bpw, A[n-t£-]-hpw, Zqj-Whpw \o°n-°-f™v Ah¿

hni-∏p-f-f-h\v imco-cn-Ihpw Bfln-I-hp-ambn Xr]vXn hcp-

Øp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ btlmh Ahs‚ A‘-Im-csØ ]Im-

i-am-°pw. Aßs\ Ah≥ ssZhoI \S-Øn-∏pw, kIe

hn[ \∑-bpw, Btcm-Kyhpw _ehpw, kuµ-cyhpw, ê

kar-≤n-bpw, tZiob Xe-Øn-ep-ff ]p\-cp-≤m-c-Whpw

]m]n-°pw. “\ns‚ k¥Xn ]pcm-X\ iq\y-ßsf

]Wnbpw;... tISp Xo¿°p-∂-h-s\∂pw IpSn-bn-cn-∏m≥ X°-

hÆw ]mX-Isf bYm-ÿm-\-Øm-°p∂hs\∂pw \n\°p

t]¿ ]dbpw” (hm.12)

58:13,14:˛ ssZh-P\w kz¥w Imcym-Zn-Iƒ t\m°p-I-

tbm, hy¿∞ kwkm-c-Øm¬ t\cw t]m°p-Itbm sNøm-

sX, i∫Øp Znh-ksØ _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-

sh-¶n¬, B Znhkw Xßƒ°p X∂ btlm-h-bn¬

Ah≥ ]tam-Zn-°pw, IqSmsX ssZhw bmt°m-_n\p

hmKvZØw sNbvX Ah-Im-i-Øm¬ Ahsc t]mjn-∏n-

°pw, `qan-bn¬ t\Xr-Xz-ÿm\w Ah¿°p \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNøpw. CXns\ XS- -s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ bmsXm-∂n∂pw

km[y-a√ ImcWw btlm-h-bpsS hmbt√m Acpfn

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

2. bnkm-tb-ens‚ AIr-Xy-ßƒ (A.59)

59:1˛8:-˛ bnkm-tb-ens‚ ]m]-ß-fmWv Ahsc hnSp-

hn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw btlm-hsb ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv,

A√msX btlm-h-bpsS Ip‰-a-√. Ah-cpsS ssIIfpw

hnc-ep-Ifpw A[-c-ßfpw \mhpw t`mjv°p ]d-bp∂Xnepw

a‰p-f-f-hsc sIm√p-∂-Xnepw ]h¿Ø\ \nc-X-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. A\o-Xnbpw h©-\bpw tZi-hym-]-I-ambn s]cp-In-

bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. P\w IjvSsØ K¿`w [cn®p \oXn-tI-

Sns\ ]k-hn-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-Iƒ AWen ap´

t]mse A]-I-S-I-chpw Nne-¥n-he t]mse hy¿∞-hp-

am-Ip-∂p. Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ F√m taJ-e-I-fnepw

]m]w Ahsc \nb-¥n-°p-∂p. (A-Xm-bXv Ah¿ F¥p-

sN-øp-∂p, FhnsS t]mIp-∂p, F¥p-Nn-¥n-°p∂p F∂n-

h-bn-se-√mw). kam-[m-\hpw \ymbhpw At\z-jn-°msX

Ah¿ hf™ ]mX-Isf Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂p. bnkm-tb-

ens\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw kXy-am-bn-cp∂sX√mw

a\pjy h¿§-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Ønepw bmYm¿∞y-am-bn-

cp-∂p. (tdm-a. 3:15-˛17).

59:9˛15a:-˛ hniz-kn-°p∂ tijn-∏n\p th≠n kwkm-

cn-°p∂ sbi-ømhv Ah-cpsS ]m]sØ kz¥-sa∂ \ne-

bn¬, A\p-X-]n®p G‰p ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS A\o-

Xnbpw A\ym-bhpw A‘-Øhpw Ah≥ kΩ-Xn®p G‰p

]d-bp-∂p. Ah¿ A£-a-cmbn Ae-dp-I-bpw, hnj-Æ-X-

bn¬ Ipdp-Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ \ymbhpw hnSp-Xepw Ahn-

sS-bn-√. ssZh ZrjvSn-bn¬ Ah-cpsS AXn-I-a-ßƒ s]cp-

In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah Ah¿°p hntcm-[-ambn km£o-I-

cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ btlmhsb \ntj-[n®p Ahs\ hn´p-

am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]oV-\-Øn-t‚bpw a’-c-Øn-t‚-Xp-amb

`mj-bn¬, hymP- hm-°p-Iƒ Ah¿ D®-cn®p Aßs\

\ymbw ]n∑m-dn, \oXn AI∂p \n¬°p-∂p, kXyw hoYn-

bn¬ CS-dp-∂p. t\cn\p IS-∏m≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√, kXyw Fhn-

tSbpw Im◊m-\n-√. Aßs\ ssZh-P\w A\ym-b-ambn

ssItø‰w sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv.

59:15b˛21:˛ btlmh kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂p t\m°p-

tºmƒ P\-Øn-s‚-bn-S-bn¬ \ymbw C√mbvI \nanØw

Ah≥ ZpxJn-°p-∂p. Cu Ahÿ ssIImcyw sNøp-

hm≥ ]m]vX-\mb Hcp-h-t\bpw (a-≤y-ÿ≥) ImWm-bvI-

bm¬ btlmh B›-cy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Aßs\ Xt‚-

sbi-ømhv 58,59,60

876

sX∂ \ne-bn¬ Ah-\m-Imcyw Gs‰-SpØp sNøp-I-bm-

Wv. Ahs‚ pPw Xs∂ (_-ew) Ah\p hnPbw \¬Ip-

Ibpw Ahs‚ \oXn Ahs\ Xmßp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Ah≥ \oXn, c£, ]Xn-Im-cw, XojvWX Bbp-[-ßƒ

[cn-®p-sIm≠v Xs‚ iXp-°-fpsS t\sc apt∂-dn-s®-√p-

∂p. Ah≥ PmXn-Iƒ°v Xßƒ A¿ln-°p-∂Xp IrXy-

ambn \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\m-epw, btlm-h-bpsS izmk-Øm¬ Df-

hmb Hcp \Zn-t]mse Ah≥ (an-inl) hcp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠pw,

Ing°p apX¬ ]Sn-™mdphsc-bp-ff kIe P\hpw HSp-

hn¬ Ah≥ btlm-h-sb∂p a\- n-em-°pw. F∂m¬

kotbm-\nse ssZhoI tijn-∏n\v Hcp hos≠-Sp∏pImc-

\m-bn-´mWv Ah≥ hcp-∂-Xv. A\-¥cw \mw bnc-aym-]p-

kvXIw 31:31-˛34; F_m-b¿. 8:10-˛12; 10:10,17˛epw hmbn-

°p-∂Xp t]mse bnkm-tb¬ P\-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

Ah≥ ]pXn-sbmcp \nbaw ÿm]n-°pw.

3. kotbms‚ `mhn al-Xzw. (A.60)

60:1˛3:-˛ btlm-h-bpsS tXP v DZn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v F∂p h®m¬ km£m¬ aninlm shfn-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂Xp sIm≠v kotbm\v Fgp-t∂‰p ]Im-in-°p-hm-

\p-ff kabw h∂n-cn-°p-IbmWv. Xs‚ c≠mw hc-hns‚

ka-b-sØ-bm-WXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. temIw Ct∏mgpw

Bflob A‘-Im-c-Ønepw ]oV-bp-tS-Xmb Ccp-ńepw

Ign-bp-I-bmWv; F∂m¬ btlmh bnkm-tb-ens‚ ta¬

]Im-in-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v B ]Imiw bnkm-tb¬ apJm-

¥ncw temI-Øn-seßpw ]c-°p-∂p. ]p\¿P∑w e`n®

B P\-Xsb BZ-cn-t°-≠-Xn-\v, cmPm-°-∑m¿ Dƒs∏sS

PmXn-I-fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ sbcp-i-te-an-te°v Iq´w Iq -

ambn hcn-I-bm-Wv.

60:4˛7:˛ Xe-s]m°n Np‰pw t\m°p∂ sbcp-i-tew,

Xs‚ ]pX-∑mcpw ]pXn-amcpw tZi-tØ°p aS-ßn-h-cp∂

ImgvN ImWp-I-bm-Wv. PmXn-Iƒ ImgvN-I≠pw I∏-ßfpw

sIm≠p hcp-∂Xp I≠-t∏mƒ AXy-[n-I-amb BÀm-Z-

Øm¬ Ah-fpsS lrZbw \nd-bp-∂p. btlm-h-bpsS

kvXpXnsb tLmjn-®p-sIm≠v ASpØp \n∂pw AIse

\n∂pw H´-I-°q´-ßƒs°m∏w km¿∞ kmlI kwL-

ßƒ s]m∂pw Ip¥p-cp-°-hp-ambn hcp-∂p. Be-b-Øn¬

bmK-Øn\p D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xn\v sbcp-i-te-an-te°p

hcp∂ Bń≥ Iq´-ßƒ Im¬h-dn-bn¬ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-

s∏´ anin-lm-bpsS ]hr-Ønsb Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. 6˛mw

hmIy-Øn¬ aqcns\ Ipdn®p ]d-bmsX hnń-cn-°p-∂Xp

i≤n-°p-I. aqcv IjvS-X-sb-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ]m]-

]-cn-lmc kw_-‘-amb InkvXp-hns‚ IjvS-X-Iƒ Ft∂-

°p-ambn Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p! Xs‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶¬

s]m∂pw (a-l-Xzw) Ip¥p-cp-°hpw (kp-K-‘w) amXta

D≠m-bn-cn-°-bp-f-fq.

60:8,9:˛ bnkm-tb-en-te°p hmbp-am¿§w aS-ßn-h-cp∂

]hm-kn-I-fmb bnkm-tb¬ a°ƒ ]£n Iq´-ßƒ

t]mse-bmWv hcp-∂-Xv. AtXm-sSm∏w Ah¿ Ip∂p Iqń-

bn-cn-°p∂ kºØv hln-®p-sIm-≠p-ff henb I∏-ep-

Ifpw hcpw.

60:10:˛ A\y-Pm-Xn-°m¿ aXn-ep-Isf ]Wn-bp-∂-h-

cmbpw cmPm-°-∑m¿ ssZh-P-\-Øns‚ tkh-I-cmbpw

ipiqj sNøpw. Imcym-Zn-I-sf√mw am‰n adn-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wn-t∏mƒ. Xm≥ in£n® P\-tØmSv ssZhw

Ct∏mƒ IcpW ImWn-°-bm-Wv.

60:11-˛14:˛ ]´-W-hm-Xn¬ AS®p ]qt´≠ Imcy-an-√,

ImcWw bmsXmcp hn[ A\¿∞hpw Ahn-sS-bn-√, adn®v

AXp Xpd-∂n-tS-≠-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv, F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬

cmhpw ]Iepw kºØp sIm≠p bmXm-kw-Lhpw cmPm-

°-∑mcpw FØn-t®¿∂p sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv! A∂m-

fn¬ bnkm-tb-ens\ tkhn-°mØ GsXmcp PmXnbpw

\in-®p-t]m-Ipw. Bebw ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ ÿew `wKn

hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\v se_m-t\m≥ Ahn-SpsØ G‰hpw taØ-

c-amb hr£-ßƒ Ab-bv°p-I-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-ens\

apºv tZmln® PmXn-I-fpsS ]n≥X-e-ap-d-°m¿, sbcp-itew

btlm-h-bpsS \K-c-sa∂pw bnkm-tb-en≥ ]cn-ip-≤s‚

kotbm≥ F∂pw Ct∏mƒ AwKo-I-cn°pw.

60:15,16:˛ apºv \nµn-°-s∏-´-hfpw XyPn-°-s∏-´-h-fp-am-

bn-cp∂ kntbm≥ Ct∏mƒ, tijw temI-°m-cpsS klm-

b-tØmsS t]mjn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ \nXy-am-lm-fly-apff ] -

W-ambn Xocp-∂p. ]t≠ btlm-h-bpsS P\-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂-h¿, Xm≥ Ah-cpsS c£-I-\pw, hos≠-Sp-∏p-Im-c-\pw,

bmt°m-_ns‚ h√-`-\p-am-sW∂v Adn-bpw.

60:17- 22:˛ hne-tb-dnb hkvXp-°-fmb s]m∂v, sh≈n,

Xmaw, Ccpºv apX-em-bh D]-tbm-Kn-®m-bn-cn°pw ]´Ww

]Wn-bp-∂-Xv. AhnsS kam-[m\w \mb-I-∑m-cpw, \oXn

A[n-]-Xn-amcpw Bbn-cn-°pw. kml-k-Øn\pw \mi-Øn\pw

]Icw Ahn-sS-bn\n c£bpw kvXpXn-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

btlm-h-bpsS tXP v Bh-iy-amb ]Imiw \¬Ip-∂-

Xp-sIm≠v sbcp-i-te-an¬ C\nbpw kqcy-N-µ-∑m-cpsS

]Imiw Bh-iy-an-√. A‘-Imcw Ft∂-°p-ambn \oßn-

t∏m-Ipw. bnkm-tb¬ ZpxJ-Imew Xo¿∂p t]mIpw. ssZhw

Xs‚ al-Xz-Øn-\mbn ÿm]n® tZiw \oXn-am-∑m¿

Ft∂-°p-am-bn Ah-Im-i-am-°pw. Xmgva-bp-ff P\w

k¥m\ ]pjvSn -bp-ffhcmbn A\p-K-ln-°-s∏Spw;

ImcWw btlmh A]-Imcw I¬∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp Ah≥

ioL-ambn \nh¿Øn-°pw.

4. anin-lm-bpsS ipiq-j-Iƒ (A.61)

61:1˛4:-˛ ChnsS kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xp tbip I¿Øm-hm-

sW∂v \ap-°-dn-bmw, ImcWw \k-td-Ønse Hcp IqSn-h-

c-hn¬ 1˛2a hmIyßƒ Ah≥ FSp-Øp-≤-cn® tijw

(eq-t°m. 4:16-˛21) “C∂p \nßƒ Fs‚ hN\w tIƒ°-

bn¬ Cu Xncp-sh-gp-Øn\p \nhrØn h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

(hm.21) F∂pw Iqń-t®¿Øp. Xs‚ kv\m\-Øn-¶¬

Ah≥ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ \nd-b-s∏´p; Xs‚ sFlnI

ipiq-j-Iƒ Ffn-b-h-tcmSv c£-bpsS kZz¿Ø-am\w

tLmjn-°p-I, lrZbw XI¿∂hsc apdn-sI-´p-I, ]m]-

Øns‚ XS-hp-Im¿°p hnSp-Xepw _≤-∑m¿°p kzmX-

¥yhpw (A-Yhm IÆp Xpd-°pI RSV am¿Pn≥) ]kn-

≤-am-°pI F∂nh kw_-‘n-®p-f-f-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. “I¿Øm-

sbi-ømhv 60,61

877

hns‚ ]kmZ h¿jw ]kw-Kn-∏m\pw” F∂pw ]d™v

Xm≥ B D≤-cWn AhnsS Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv,

ImcWw AtX XpS¿∂p-ff \ΩpsS ssZh-Øns‚ ]Xn-

Imc Znhkw Xs‚ c≠mw hchp hsc \nhr-Øn-bm-°-

s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Xs‚ alXz ]Xy-£-X-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚

\ymb-hn[n Znh-ksØ Ipdn®v Ah≥ tLmjn-°pw. A∂v

kntbm-\nse ZpxJn-X-∑mscsb√mw Ah≥ Biz-kn-∏n-

°pw, Ah-cpsS Xe-bnse shÆo-cn\p ]Icw Ae-¶mc

amebpw ZpxJ-Øn\p ]Icw B\-µ-ssX-ehpw hnjÆ

a\- n\p ]Icw kvXpXn-sb∂ taem-Sbpw Ah≥ Ahsc

AWn-bn-°pw. btlm-h-bm¬ \S-s∏´ \oXn hr£-ßƒ

F∂p Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Xs‚ P\w Adn-b-s∏-Spw.

Ah¿ Ah\p alXzw sIm≠p hcpw. \n¿÷-\-ambpw

iq\y-ambpw InS-∂n-cp∂ hmKvZØ tZi-Ønse ]´-W-

ßƒ Ah¿ tISp-t]m°n ]p\xÿm]n-°pw.

61:5˛9:˛ ]c-tZ-in-Iƒ bnkm-tb-ens\ ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿

F∂ \ne-bnepw \ΩpsS ssZh-Øns‚ ipiq-j-I-∑m¿

F∂ \ne-bnepw am\n-®p-sIm≠v Irjn-°m-cy-ß-fnepw

BSp-Isf tabv°p-∂-Xnepw Ah-cpsS Zmk-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°pw.

PmXn-I-fpsS kº-sØm-t°bpw blq-Z-∑m¿°v h∂p-tN-

cpw. btlm-h-bpsS P\-Øn\v Ccń alXzw e`n-°-sIm≠v

\q‰m-≠p-I-fm-bp-ff Ah-cpsS \nµ Aßs\ Ah-km-\n-

°-s∏-Spw. (7-˛mw hmIy-Ønse \nßƒ, Ah¿ F∂o ]Z-

]-tbm-K-ßƒ Hcp P\sØ Xs∂-bmWv (AXm-bXv blq-

Z-∑m-sc) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ Xs‚ P\w

kln® A\o-Xnbpw Ih¿®bpw A\ym-bhpw Hm¿Øv

btlmh Ah¿°p ]Xn-êw \¬Ipw; Ah-tcmSv Hcp

imizX \nbaw sNøpw. AXp sIm≠v btlmh ]pXnb

DS-º-Sn-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ CXv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. (bn-c.31:31-

˛34; F_m. 8:8˛12).

61:10,11:˛ hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ Xs‚ P\-Øns‚ kvXpXn-

tLm-j-ßƒ°p t\XrXzw \¬Ip-∂Xv anin-lm-bm-Wv.

ssZhw Ahsc tijvT-hp-amb c£m-h-kvXhpw \oXn-

sb∂ A¶nbpw sIm≠v Ae-¶-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

Ah≥ tLmjn-®p-√-kn-°p-∂p. IqSmsX kl-km_vZ

hmgvN-bn¬ PmXn-I-fpsS apºmsI bnkm-tb-en¬

]mtbm-Kn-I-amb apf-bv°p∂ \oXnbpw kvXpXnbpw \nan-

Øhpw Ah≥ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂p. (10,11 hmIy-ß-fnse

h‡mhv sbi-øm-hm-tWm, kntbm-\m-tWm, aninlm

Xs∂-bmtWm F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ hyXykvX A`n-]m-b-

ap-≠v. F∂m¬ 1˛3 hmIy-ß-fnse h‡m-hmb Ah-km-

\sØXn\mWv Rßƒ ]Y-a-ÿm\w \¬Ip-∂-Xv.)

5. sbcp-i-te-ans‚ `mhn-Im-esØ BÀmZw (A.62)

62:1˛5:-˛ sbcp-i-te-an\p hmKvZØw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂

A\p-K-l-ßƒ k^-eo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc btlmh

an≠msX AS-ßn-bn-cn-°-bn-√. kotbm≥ \oXn-I-cn-°-s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂Xpw btlmh ]´-W-Øn\p ]pXn-sbmcp t]cv

\¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw A∂p PmXn-Iƒ ImWpw. Hcp

cmPmhv Xs‚ IncoSw ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse

Ah≥ kntbms\ Bcm-[\m ]q¿∆w ssIImcyw sNøpw.

“Xy‡” F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ ]´Ww C\n-ap-X¬

“CjvS” (sl^vko-_m) F∂pw “iq\yw” F∂p hnfn-°-

s∏-ń-cp∂ tZiw “hnhmlÿ” (s_bq-e) F∂pw Adn-

b-s∏-Spw. Xs‚ \K-csØ Ipdn®pw tZi-sØ-°p-dn-®p-ap-

ff ssZh-Øns‚ hnhml kw_-‘-amb kt¥m-j-

tØbpw hm’-ey-]q¿∆-ap-ff kvt\l-_-‘-tØ-bp-amWv

Cu t]cp-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. sbcp-itew \nhm-kn-Iƒ

Ahsf hnhmlw sNøpw. Hcp aW-hm-f-s\-t∏mse

btlmh kntbm-\n¬ kt¥m-jn-°pw.

62:6˛9:-˛ CtX-k-abw btlmh sbcp-i-te-ans‚ aXn-

ep-I-fn¬ Imh¬°msc B°n h®n- v, sbcp-itew temI-

Ønse cmP-\-Kcw BIp-∂-Xp-hsc Xß-fpsS a≤y-ÿX

hn´p kzÿ-am-bn-cn-°-tbm, Ah\p kzÿX sImSp-

°tbm sNø-cp-sX∂v Ah-tcmSv \n¿t±-in-®p. C\n-sbm-cn-

°epw bnkm-tb-ens‚ A≤zm-\-êw iXp-°ƒ A]-

l-cn®p sIm≠p t]mI-bn-√; ]Icw AXn\p ]n∂n¬

A≤zm-\n-®-h¿ AXv A\p-`-hn-°pw.

62:10-˛12:˛ _mt_-ens‚ hmXn¬ IS-∂v, \∂mbn Hcp-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ s]cp-h-gn-I-fn¬ IqSn A`n-am-\-Øn-t‚-Xmb

sImSn ]d-Øn-sIm≠v sbcp-i-te-an-te°p aSßn hcp-hm≥

Ct∏mƒ ]hm-kn-I-tfmSp ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-ens‚

c£ anin-lm-bn¬ Bb-Xn-\mepw Ah≥ Xs‚ P\-Øn\p

]Xn-êw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mepw Cu ]Jym-]\w temI-

Øp-S-\ofw tLmjn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. “hnip≤ P\w” F∂

A¥- p-ff t]cv Ah¿ hln-°pw,- sb-cpiteant\m

“At\zjn-°-s∏-´-hƒ” F∂pw “Dt]-£n-°mØ \Kcw”F∂pw t]cm-Ipw. _mt_-en¬ \n∂p-ff aSßn hc-hn¬

\n∂pw InkvXp-hns‚ c≠mw hc-hn-¶se bnkm-tb-ens‚

BXy-¥nI ]p\-cp-≤m-c-W-Øn-te°v Cu JWvUnI hnc¬

Nq≠p-∂p.

6. ]Xn-Imc Znhkw (A. 63:1˛6)

ssZhw Xs‚ cmPyw ÿm]n-∏m-\mbn aS-ßn-h-cp-

tºmƒ BZyw Xs∂ Ah≥ Xs‚ iXp-°-sfsb√mw

\in-∏n°pw ]e ÿe-ß-fn-embn ]e ka-b-Øm-bn-cn°pw

B \in-∏n-°¬ \S-°p-∂-Xv. AXn¬ H∂v A¿Ω-tK-tZm≥

Xmgvhc-bnepw (sh-fn. 16;16) as‰m∂v sbtlm-im-^mØv

Xmgvhc-bnepw (tbm-th¬ 3:12), ASp-ØXv GtZm-\n-ep-am-

bn-cn°pw \S-°p-∂-Xv. 63-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ \mw ImWp-

∂Xv G‰hpw Ah-km-\-tØ-Xm-Wv. GtZmanse Hcp apJy-

\-K-c-amb s_mk-bn¬ \n∂pw aninlm IS∂p hcp-∂p.

Ahs‚ tim`-bp-ff hkvXw bnkm-tb-ens‚ iXp-°-

fpsS c‡w sIm≠v Nph-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Ahs‚ DSp∏v Nph-

∂n-cn-°p-∂-sX-s¥∂v tNmZn-°p-tºm¬, Xs‚ iXp-°sf

saXn®p If-™Xp hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v ap¥n-cn-®-°ns\

kw_-‘n-®p-ff Hcp cq]-Im-e-¶mcw Xm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. Ahs\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AhtcmSv ]Xn-

Imcw sNbvXv Xs‚ P\sØ hos≠-Sp-°p-hm-\p-ff

kabw Ct∏mƒ hs∂-Øn-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. tIhew a\p-

jy-cmb c£-I-∑m¿ Bcpw C√m-Xn-cn-s°,- Xm≥ CS-s]´v

hnPbw t\Sn-sb-Sp-Øp.

7. tijn-∏ns‚ ]m¿∞\ (63:7˛64:12)

63:7˛10:- ]hm-k-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p∂ bnkm-tb¬ tijn-

sbi-ømhv 61,62,63

878 sbi-ømhv 63,64,65

∏ns‚ Zb-\obmhÿ-bn¬ \n∂pw Ahsc hnSp-hn-°p-∂-

Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ ]hm-N-I≥ Ah¿°p th≠n

Ct∏mƒ kwkm-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ap≥Im-e-ß-fn¬ ssZhw

B P\-X-tbmSp CS-s]´ coXn-Isf Ipdn®v BZyw Xm≥

hnh-cn-°p-∂p. btlmh Ah-tcmSv Icp-W-tbmSpw alm-Z-

b-tbmSpw IqsS CS-s]-´p. henb \∑-Iƒ Ah¿°mbn

sNbvXp. Xs‚ kz¥ P\-sa∂ \ne-bn-emWv ssZhw

Ahsc hnfn-®-Xv. Ah¿ F¥p-sN-øp-sa∂v hy‡-ambn

X\n°v ap≥Iqń Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-´pw, A\y tZh-

∑m¿°p th≠n Xs∂ Ah¿ Ft∏mgpw XyPn®p If-bp-

sa-∂-Xns\ Ipdn®v hnNm-c-an-√mØ \ne-bn-em-Wv ChnsS

Ahs\ shfn-s∏-SpØn ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-

≠mWv Ah≥ Ah¿°p c£n-Xm-hmbn Xo¿∂-Xv. Ah-

cpsS ]cn-tim-[\m thf-I-fn-se√mw Ah\pw Ah-tcmSp

IqsS ]¶m-fn-bmbn Xo¿∂p, ]tXy-Im¬ ank-bo-anse

Ah-cpsS IjvS-X-bn-sem-t°bpw Ah\pw IjvS-s∏-´p.

Ahs‚ \ΩpsS ZqX≥ F∂p-h-®m¬ aninlm (k-tµi

hmlIs‚ AtX ]Z-am-Wn-hnsS D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv)

Ahsc c£n®p. Xs‚ kvt\l-Ønepw I\n-hnepw Ah≥

Ahsc ank-bo-an¬ \n∂pw hos≠-Sp-Øp, Ah-cpsS acp-

`q-an-bn-sem-t°bpw Ah≥ Ah¿°p th≠n Icp-Xp-Ibpw

Ahsc kwc-£n-°bpw sNbvXp. Ahs‚ kvt\l-Øn-

\p-ff ]Xn-^-e-sa-t∂mWw Ah¿ Ah-t\mSp a’-cn®p

AXp sIm≠v Ah≥ Ah-cpsS ]Xn-tbm-Kn-bmbn

Xo¿∂p.

63:11˛13:˛ F¶nepw tamsi-bp-tSbpw Ahs‚ Xe-ap-d-

IfptSbpw ]pcm-X\ Imew Hm¿Øp-sIm≠v Xmsg

ImWp∂ tNmZy-ßƒ tNmZn-°p-I-bmWv: tamsi-tbmSpw

Al-tcm-t\mSpw Ah-cpsS a‰p \S-Øn-∏p-Im-tcmSpw IqsS

sN¶-S-en¬ \n∂pw Ahsc Itc-dp-am-°n-b-h≥ FhnsS?

sN¶-S-ens\ hn`m-Kn®v Ahsc AXn¬IqSn \SØn Xs‚

\ma-Øn\p imiz-X-amb Hcp alXzw hcp-Øp-hm≥ X°-

hÆw tamsi-bpsSbp≈n¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns\ sImSp-

Ø-h≥ FhnsS? Hcp IpXnc Hcn-°epw CS-dn-t∏m-ImØ

acp-`q-an-bnse \nc∂ hgn-t]mse ]mX Hcp°n IS-en¬

IqSn Xßsf \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvX btlmh FhnsS?

63:14:˛ Hcp arKw hni-a-Øn\pw hnim-¥n-°p-ambn Hcp

Xmgvhcbnte°v Cd-ßn-sN-√p-∂-Xp-t]mse ssZhw Xs‚

P\sØ hnia tZi-tØ°p \S-Øn, Aßs\ sNøp-

∂-Xn-eqsS X\n°p Xs∂ alXzap-s≈mcp \maw

D≠m°n; Cu `mKØv ImWp∂ XnXzw i≤n-°pI:

btlmh (hm.7); btlm-h-bpsS kΩpJ ZqX≥ (hm.9);

btlm-h-bpsS Bflmhv (10,11,14)

63:15,16:˛ ]gb Hm¿Ω-Iƒ Dcp-hn´ ]hm-N-I≥, _m_n-

tem\y ]hm-ksØ ap≥Iqń Z¿in-®p-sIm≠v ]hm-kn-

Iƒ°p-th≠n a≤y-ÿX AW-bv°p-I-bmWv tijn∏ns\

Ipdn-®p-ff btlm-h-bpsS XojvW-X-bpw, Ahs‚ hocy

]hr-Øn-Ifpw Icp-Wbpw AS°n h®n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bn- mWv

ChnsS ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. A_-lmtam bnkm-tbtem

Xßsf X≈n-°-f-™mepw ssZhw Ct∏mgpw Xß-fpsS

]nXm-hm-Ip-∂p-sh∂v sbi-ømhv At]-£n-°p-∂p.

63:17-˛19:˛ Xß-fpsS ]n∑m-‰-tØm-Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬

tijn∏v btlm-hsb Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp∂Xmbn-´mWv 17-˛mw

hmIy-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ a\p-jy¿ Xß-

fpsS lrb-ßsf ITn-\-am-°p-tºmƒ amX-amWv ssZhhpw

Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf ITn-\-am-°p-∂Xv F∂-XmWv

kXyw “btlmth \ns‚ hgn-Isf hn v sX‰n-t∏m-Ip-hm≥

\o Rßsf A\p-h-Zn-®-sX¥v?” F∂p ]d-bm-\mhmw

tijn∏v Dt±-in-®-Xv. ssZhw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂Xp amXta

sNøp-hm≥ Ign-I-bp-f-fp-sh∂v ssZhsØ Ipdn®v ]e-

t∏mgpw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. GXp hn[-am-bmepw Chn-sS, btlmh

Zb-sNbvXp aSßn htc-≠-Xn\v ]hm-kn-Iƒ \ne-hn-fn-°-

bm-Wv. bnkm-tb-en\v Xßƒ ssIh-i-am-°nb tZi-Øn¬

Xmc-X-tay\ Npcp°w Nne \mfp-Iƒ amXta kam-[m-\-

tØmsS hkn-∏m≥ Ign-™p-f-fp. Ct∏m-ƒ hnip≤ aµncw

XI¿∂-Sn™p InS-°p-∂p, ssZh-Øns‚ P\-amb bnkm-

tb¬, btlm-h-bp-ambn bmsXmcp-hn[ DS-º-Sntbm

_‘tam C√mØ tijw PmXn-I-tf-°mƒ H´pw tijvT-

X-bn-√m-Ø-h-cmbn Xo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

64:1˛5:˛ 63:15-˛¬ XpS-ßp∂ ]m¿∞\ Ct∏mgpw XpS-

cp-I-bm-Wv. AXv Hcp A\p-Xm-]-Øn-te°pw G‰p ]d-®n-

en-te°pw Xncn-™n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. BImiw Iodn Xß-

fpsS sshcn-I-fpsS ta¬ tIm]-tØmsS Cd-ßn- h-cphm≥

tijn∏v ssZh-tØm-S-t]-£n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Xs∂ ImØn-

cn-°p-∂-h¿°p th≠n ]h¿Øn-°p∂ GI kXy ssZh-

Øns‚ AXpey-amb shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-I-fpsS ]g-b-Ime

Hm¿Ω-Iƒ Ab-hn-d-°p-I-bm-W-h¿. \oXn ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂-Xn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-hsc ssZhw CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-

∂Xpw Ah¿ Hm¿°p∂p; F∂m¬ _lp-Im-esØ ]m]w

\nanØw Ah¿ ssZh-tIm]w Xß-fp-sS-ta¬ hcpØn h®n-

cn-°p-∂p. Ahsct∏mse-bp-ff Bfp-Iƒ c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥

km[y-X-bp-t≠m-sb∂v Bi-¶-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

64:6,7:˛ hy‡n-]-c-amb Xß-fpsS Aip≤n Ah¿ G‰p-

]-d™p sIm≠v, Xß-fpsS G‰hpw \√ ]hrØn (\oXn

]hr-Øn) Id-]n-c≠ XpWn-t]m-se-bm-Ip-∂p-sh∂v kΩ-

Xn-°p-I-bm-Wv.(69) Xß-fpsS Xs∂ AIr-Xy-ß-fp-tS-Xmb

Im‰p sIm≠v ]mdn-t∏m-Ip∂ hmSnb Ce-t]mse Ah¿

Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ AXn-i-bn-°m-\n-√. bnkm-tb¬

Bflob acWw kw`-hn-∏n-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv. a≤y-ÿ-∑msc

Hcn-SØpw Im◊m-\n-√, ImcWw Ah-cpsS ]m]-ß-fpsS

A\-¥c ê-sa-t∂mWw btlmh Ahsc ssIhn-ń-cn-

°-bm-Wv.

64:8,9:˛ F¶nepw btlmh Ct∏mgpw Ah-cpsS ]nXm-

hm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, B Ifn-a-Æp-sIm≠v Fs¥-

¶nepw sa\-s™-Sp-°p-hm≥ B Ipi-h\p Ign-bp-sa-∂p-

ff Hcp ]Xo£ Ct∏m-gp-a-h¿°p-≠v. AXp sIm≠v Ah-

cpsS ]m]-ßsf Hm¿°msX tIm]w Dt]-£n®p Ah-

tcmSp £an-∏m\pw Ah¿ Ct∏mgpw Xs‚ P\-am-Ip-∂p-

sh∂v Adn-hm\pw Ah¿ Ah-t\mSv At]-£n-°p-I-bm-

Wv.

64:10-˛12:˛ tZi-Øn-s‚, ]tXy-In®v sbcp-itew \K-

c-Øn-t‚bpw Be-b-Øn-t‚bpw iq\y-am-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂

879

Ah-ÿ, tIm]w hn´p-I-f™v IjvS-X-bn-em-bn-cn-°p∂

Xs‚ P\-Øn\p th≠n JWvUn-X-ambn ]h¿Øn-∏m-\p-

ff i‡-amb Imc-W-ß-fm-Wv.

8. tijn-∏ns‚ ]m¿∞-\-bv°p-ff btlm-h-bpsS adp-

]Sn (A.65)

tijn-∏ns‚ CXn-\p-ap≥]p ImWp∂ ]m¿∞-\-bv°p-

ff btlm-h-bpsS adp-]Sn (63:15-˛64:12) ChnsS XpS-ßp-

I-bm-Wv.

ssZhsØ At\z-jn-°p-∂-Xn-ep-ff bnkm-tb-ens‚

]cm-P-bhpw kµ¿ -a-\p-k-cn®v Ahs‚ hnfn tIƒ∏m-\pf

Ah-cpsS Xm¬]-cy-an-√m-bva-bp-am-Wv 1˛mw hmIy-Øn¬

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ PmXn-I-fpsS hnfn-tbm-Sp-ff

_‘-Øn-emWv tdma. 10:20-˛¬ ]utemkv Cu hmIyw

FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°p-∂Xv: “Fs∂ At\z-jn-°m-Ø-h¿°v

Fs∂ Is≠-Øp-hm≥ kwKXn h∂p”.

65:2- 7:˛ Cu hmIy-ßƒ kv]S-ambpw bnkm-tb-ens\

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. A]-cn-jvIr-Xhpw, Ad-∏p-f-hm-°p-∂-

Xp-amb hnK-lm-cm-[-\m-]-c-amb Imcy-ßƒ°p Xß-sf-

Øs∂ G¬∏n®p sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ Hcp P\-tØmSp

ssZhw A£oWw At]-£n-°p-I-bm-Wv. aX-]-c-amb cl-

kym-cm-[\m NS-ßp-Iƒ Ah¿ Bcw-`n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v Xß-fpsS Iq´p-Im-tc-°mƒ hnip-≤-cmWv Xß-

sf∂v Ah¿ kzbw Nn¥n-°p-∂p. AXyp-∂-Xs\ Ah¿

CS-hn-SmsX Ak-ly-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xp sIm≠v Ah-cpsS

hnK-lm-cm[\bv°pw ]m]-Øn\pw Ah≥ ]Icw ho´pw.

65:8˛12:˛ A\yYm sIm≈-cp-XmØ Hcp ap¥ncn h≈n-

bnse (_m-°n-bp-ff P\w) \s√mcp Ipe ap¥ncn (hn-

izkvX tijn-∏v) sb btlmh tijn-∏n-°p-sa-∂p-ff

hmKvZØw \¬Ip-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS. kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Cu

tijn∏v tZiØv hkn-°pw. ]Sn-™mdv imtcm≥ Xmgvhc-

bnepw Ing°v BtJm¿ Xmgvhc-bnepw Bń≥ Iq´-ßƒ

ta™p \S°pw; Ch-sb√mw hnip-≤-∑m¿°p th≠n-bp-

f-f-Xm-Wv. kzaX XymKn-I-fmb P\-k-aq-lsØ kw_-

‘n-®n-S-tØmfw IY hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. Ah¿ Be-bsØ

Dt]-£n®p KZvtZh-t\bpw (A¿∞w-˛-k-aq-lw, `mKyw)

sa\n tZhn-tbbpw (A¿∞w-˛-kw-Jy, `mK-t[-bw) Bcm-

[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ssZhw Ahsc hmfn\v

G¬∏n-°pw. btlmhbpsS A`y¿∞-\-Iƒ am\n-°p-∂-

Xn\p ]Icw Ah¿ btlm-hbv°p ]km-Z-an-√mØ A\n-

jvS-Im-cy-ßƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp.

65:13-˛16:˛ bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw Ahn-izm-kn-

I-fp-tSbpw hn[n XΩn-ep-ff sshcp≤yw ChnsS shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXv [mcmfw `£-W-ap-ff Ah-

ÿbpw hni∏pw XΩn-ep-ff hyXym-k-am-Wv, AXv IpSn-

∏m≥ Bh-iy-Øn\p sh≈-ap-f-fXpw Zmlhpw XΩn-ep-

ff hyXym-k-am-Wv, kt¥m-jhpw e÷bpw XΩn-ep-ff

hyXym-k-am-Wv, lrZ-bm-\µw sIm≠p-ff tLmjhpw

at\m-hy-Y-sIm-≠p-ff \ne-hn-fnbpw t]mse-bm-W-Xv, hy`n-

Nm-cn-°p-ff im]hpw (kw-Jy. 5:21- 24) A\p-K-lhpw XΩn-

ep-ff hyXym-k-am-W-Xv. qan-bpsS sX‰p-I-sf√mw s]mdp-

°-s∏-Sp∂ A∂m-fn¬ P\w Xs∂Øm≥ A\p-K-ln-°p-

tºm-tgm, Hcp kXyw-sN-øp-tºmtgm “kXy ssZh-Øns‚”\maw D]-tbm-Kn°pw; as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬,

Xs‚ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ \S-∏m-°p-∂-h≥ F∂pw, Xm≥ \nh¿Øn-

°p-sa∂p Acp-fn-sN-øp-∂Xv \nh¿Øn-°p-∂-h-s\∂pw

ssZhsØ Ipdn®p ]d-bpw.

65:17:˛ 65-˛mw A≤ym-b-Øns‚ Ah-km\ hmIy-ßƒ

hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv kl-km_vZ hmgvNm ImesØ A\p- -h-

ß-fm-Wv. ChnsS ImWp∂ ]pXnb BIm-ihpw ]pXnb

`qan-bpw, qa-nbnse InkvXp-hns‚ cmPy-sØ-bmWv kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂Xv; shfn-∏mSv 21- ¬ \nXym-h-ÿ-sb-bm-WXv kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂-Xv. sbi-øm-hns‚ ]pXnb BIm-i-Ønepw

]pXnb qan-bnepw ]m]hpw ac-Whpw D≠v; F∂m¬ shfn-

∏mSv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Ch-sb√mw \oßn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

65:18-˛23:˛ Xs‚ cmPyw hcp-tºmƒ btlmh sbcp-

iteanepw bnkm-tb¬ P\-Ønepw kt¥m-jn-°pw. ZpxJ-

Øn-t‚bpw thZ-\-bp-tSbpw kzcw C\n AhnsS tIƒ°-

bn-√. inip-a-c-Whpw AIm-e-a-c-Whpw D∑q-e\w sNø-

s∏- n-cn-°pw. \qdp hb- p-f-f-h-\mbn acn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n

_me-\m-bnt´ IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-f-fq. \qtdm AXn-e-

[n-Itam ]mb-ap-ffh\m-bmepw ]m]n-sb-¶n¬ Ah≥

tOZn-°-s∏-Spw. a\p-jy¿ Xß-fpsS A≤zm-\-êw A\p-

-hn-°p-thmfw Pohn°pw; ImcWw hniz-kvX-∑msc kw_-

‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Xß-fpsS Bbp-jv°mew kl-km_vZ

hmgvN-bn-epw \o´-s∏-ń-cn-°pw. \njv^-e-amb A≤zm\w

Ahn-sS-bp-≠m-I-bn-√, bp≤-Øm-tem, AXym-]Øp \nan-

Øtam bu∆-\-°m¿ tOZn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. amXm-]n-Xm-

°fpw a°fpw Hcp-t]mse btlm-h-bpsS A\p-Klw

A\p- -hn-°pw.

65:24,25:˛ ]m¿∞-\bv°pw AhnsS bmsXmcp hn[

XS- hpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn-√. h\yarKßƒ a\p-jy-tcmSv

CW-ßpw. hnj-ap-ff k¿∏-ß-ƒ ]cm-P-b-Øn-t‚bpw A]-

am-\-Øn-t‚bpw s]mSn Xn∂pw. ssZh-Øns‚ hnip≤ ]¿∆-

X-amb kntbm-\n¬ bmsXmcp hn[ A]-I-Shpw C\n

D≠m-I-bn-√.

9. ]q¿Øo-I-cWw: Hcp \Zn-t]msebpff kam-[m\w

(A.66)

66:1,2:˛ bnkm-tb-ense A\p-X-]n-°mØ P\-tØm-

Sp-ff _‘-Øn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´-XmWv Ah-km\ A≤ym-

b-Ønse Cu ]mcw` hmIy-ßƒ. B Ah-ÿ-bn¬

ssZh-Øn\p th≠n Hcp Bebw ]Wn-bp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Ahs\ ]km-Zn-∏n-∏m≥ Xßƒ°p Ign-bp-sa∂v Ah¿

Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xn-√. F√m-‰n-ep-ap-]cn qan-bnse Xs‚ ]mZ-

]o-T-am-°n-s°m≠v kz¿§-knw-lm-k-\-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ temI

krjvSn-Xmhpw DS-a-ÿ\pw Ah-\m-Wv. a\ p XI¿∂-

h\pw Xs‚ hN-\ -Øn -¶¬ hnd -°p -∂-h -\p -amb

Ffnbhs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ hkn-∏m-\mWv ssZhw BK-

ln-°p-∂-Xv.

66:3,4:˛ ]›m-Øm] cln-X¿ Xß-fpsS aXm-Nm-c-ß-

fm¬ ssZh-tØmSp ]m]w sNøp-∂p. ]mtbm-KnI Pohn-

X-Øn¬ hnip≤n Im°m-sX-bp-ff bmK-ßfpw hgn-]m-Sp-

sbi-ømhv 65,66

880

Ifpw AXn-I-a-am-Wv, Ah shdp-°-Ø-°-Xm-Wv. Xß-fp-

tS-Xmb I]S hgn-Iƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°p Ign-

bpw, ]t£ AXns‚ A\-¥-c-^-e-ßƒ Ah¿°v Xnc-

s™-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. AXv \nh¿Øn-°p-∂Xv

ssZh-am-Wv. A\p-Xm-]-Øn-\m-bp-ff Ahs‚ £Ww \nc-

kn-®p-sIm≠v, Ah\v A\n-jvS-am-bp-ff hgn-Iƒ Xnc-s™-

Sp-°p-∂-h¿ Ahs‚ DK-tIm-]-Øn\p ]mX-cmbn Xocpw.

66:5,6:˛ Xs‚ hN-\-Øn-¶¬ hnd-bv°p-∂, ssZh-`-b-

ap-ff hnizkvX blq-Z¿ Xß-fpsS kz¥ ktlm-Z-c-ß-

fn¬ ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏-Spw. ZpjvS-∑m-cmb ]oV-I¿ Nn¥n-°p-

∂Xv Xßƒ ssZh ipiqj sNøp∂psh∂m-Wv.

“Rßƒ \nß-fpsS kt¥mjw AXm-bXv A¤p-X-I-c-

ambn hnSp-hn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-ep-ff kt¥m-jw, I≠p ckn-

t°-≠-Xn\v btlmh Xs∂-Øm≥ al-Xzo-I-cn-°s´”F∂p≈ Ah-cpsS IrXna ‡n ]cn-lm-k-ßƒ AXn\p

sXfn-hm-Wv. F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS iXp-°ƒ e÷n-°-Ø-

°-hÆw btlmh CS-s]-Spw. \ymb-hn-[n-bpsS ]hrØn

Be-b-Øn¬ Bcw-`n-°pw, ]Xn-êw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p-ff

kabw kam-K-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v AhnsS btlm-h-

bpsS i_vZw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øpw.

66:7˛9:˛ ]kh thZ\ (a-tlm-]-Z-hw) hcpw-aptº

bnkm-tb¬ Hcp BÏp-™ns\ (an-in-lm) ]k-hn-°p-

∂-Xmbn 7˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ImWp-∂p. 8˛mw hmIy-Øn¬

Cu‰p t\mhv D≠m-b-ti-j-amWv Ahƒ a°sf ]k-hn-

°p-∂-Xv. H∂m-asØ P\\w GI-tZiw c≠m-bncw h¿j-

ßƒ°p-apºv t_Xve-tl-an¬ kw`-hn®p. c≠m-a-tØXv

atlm-]-Zh Ime-Øn\p tijw \S-°p∂ bnkm-tb-ens‚

Bflob ho≠pw P\-\-am-Wv. Cu ssZhoI ]≤Xn \nd-

th-‰p-∂-Xn\p XS w \n¬∏m≥ bmsXm-∂n\pw Ign-I-bn-

√.

66:10-˛17:˛ bnkm-tb-ens‚ hos≠-Sp-∏p-Zn\w sbcp-i-

te-an¬ AXym-Àm-Z-Øns‚ Zn\-ß-fm-bn-cn-°pw. Ahsf

kvt\ln-°p-∂-h-cpw, Ahsfs®m√n hne-]n-°p-∂-h-cpw,

hnP-tbm-’-h-Øn-t‚bpw ]c-am-\-µ-Øn-t‚-Xp-amb B \nan-

j-ßƒ ]¶p hbv°pw. PmXn-I-fpsS al-Xz-Øm¬ kºp-

jvS-am-°-s∏´ Ahƒ, Xs‚-b-Sp-°¬ hcp-∂-h¿s°√mw

kar-≤n-bpw, ]cn-t]m-j-W-hpw, Bizm-k-hpw, ]p\-cp-÷o-

h-\hpw ]Icw \¬Ipw. btlmh X\n°p kz¥-am-b-

Xns‚ Bbp-cm-tcm-Ky-Øn-\p-th≠nbpw Xß-fpsS iXp-

°sf in£n-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-Sp-ff _‘-Ønepw ]Xn-_-≤-

\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v A∂v kI-ecpw hy‡-ambn a\- n-

em-°pw. hnK-lm-cm-[n-Iƒ°pw a’-cn-Iƒ°pw t\sc

Xs‚ AXyp-÷ze tIm]w Agn®p hnSpI F∂-XmWv

btlm-h-bpsS c≠mw hc-hp-sIm≠pt±in-°p-∂-Xv.

XnI®pw tæ—-amb hnK-lm-cm-[m\ -]-hr-Øn-I-fn¬ G¿s∏-

Sp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n BNm-c-]-c-ambn Xß-sf-Øs∂ ip≤o-

I-cn-°p∂ Hcp P\-sØ-bmWv Ah≥ ImWp-∂-Xv.

66:18-˛21:˛ Ah≥ Ah-cpsS ]hr-Øn-I-tfbpw hnNm-c-

ß-tfbpw Adn-bp-∂p. Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ \ymb-hn[n h¿jn-

°p-tºmƒ Ah¿ Ahs‚ alXzw ImWpw. ]Ir-Xym-Xo-

X-amb Nne AS-bm-f-ßƒ Ah≥ Ah¿°p \¬Ipw. \ap-

°Xv Ct∏mƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-I-bn-√. Ah-cn¬

c£n-°-s∏´ Nne¿ btlm-h-bpsS al-Xz-Øn-t‚bpw

i‡n-bp-tSbpw hm¿Ø-bp-ambn qan-bpsS Adp-Xn-I-tfmfw

sN√pw. At∏mƒ btlm-hbv°v Hcp hgn-]mSp sIm≠p

hcp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, `qan-bn-ep-S-\ofw NnX-d-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂

bnkm-tb-ens\ tZi-tØ°p aS°ns°m≠p hcp-∂-Xn-

\p-th≠n PmXn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS hml\ \uI-Iƒ Hcp-

°pw. kl-km_vZ hmgvN-bn¬ Be-b-Ønse ipiq-j-

Iƒ°mbn ssZhw ]utcm-ln-Xyhpw tehy-cpsS Iahpw

]p\x-ÿm-]n-°pw.

66:22,23:˛ bnkm-tb-ens‚ ssZh-hp-am-bp-ff _‘w

]pXnb BIm-ihpw ]pXnb qanbpw t]mse imiz-Xhpw

kpc-£n-X-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. kIe cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-ap-ff

Xo¿∞m-S-I¿ \nbp‡ ka-b-ß-fnse Bcm-[-\-bv°mbn

sbcp-i-te-an¬ FØn-t®-cpw.

66:24:˛ Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Ah¿ lnt∂mw Xmgvhc-

bn-te°v IS∂p sN√p-tºmƒ a’-cn-I-fpsS ih-ßƒ

AhnsS ] -W-Ønse Nhdp Iqºm-c-Øn-se, kZm IØn-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Xobn¬ Zln-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xp ImWpw.

]m]-Øn¬ Pohn-°bpw InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

sNdn-b-h¿°v CS¿® hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v ap∂-

dn-bn∏p \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\m-bn, sbiøm ]pkvX-I-Ønse Ah-

km\ hmIy-Øn¬ \n∂pw \ΩpsS I¿Ømhv FSp-Øp-≤-

cn-®n- p≠v F∂ Imcyw it≤-b-am-Wv. “AhnsS Ah-cpsS

]pgp NmIp-∂n-√, Xo sISp-∂-Xp-an√” (hm. 44,46,48)

F∂p≈ sbi-øm-hns‚ hn[n ]q¿∆-I-amb hm°p-Iƒ

a¿t°m-kv. 9˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ tbip aq∂p ]mhiyw(70)

FSp-Øp-]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v.

sbi-ømhv Xs‚ ]e ]h-N-\-ß-fnepw hfsc

BI¿j-Ihpw at\m-l-c-hp-amb \ne-bn¬ hnh-cn-®n- p-ff

btlm-h-bpsS Zmk-\mb B c£-I-\n¬ hnizmkw A¿∏n-

°p-∂-h¿°v \c-I-Øn-t‚-Xmb Cu \nXym-·n-bn¬ \n∂pw

c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ km[n°pw F∂p-f-fXv Hcp kZz¿Ø-am-\-

am-Wv.

CXn-t\m-SIw InkvXp-hns\ Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hmbn

kzoI-cn-®n-´p-ff Rß-fpsS hmb-\-°msc kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw sbiøm ]pkvXIw al-Ømb ]h-N-\hpw

D¬Ir-jvS-amb Imhy kmln-Xy-hp-am-Wv˛ Xo¿®-bmbpw

]gb \nb-a-Ønse G‰hpw tijvT-ambXnsem-∂m-WnXv.

AXp-sIm≠v F√m-ambn F∂p Nn¥n-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬

AXp e÷m-I-c-am-Wv. \ΩpsS ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-Øn¬

Cu ]pkvXIw ]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-hm\pw tijvT-amb

ssZhoI kt¥mjw A\p-`-hn-∏m-\p-apffhcmWv \mw.

`‡\pw Cw•ojv thZ ]WvUn-X-\p-amb Uªn-bp.

C. ssh\ns‚ ]mtbm-Kn-I-amb Hcp DXvt_m-[-\-tØmsS

Chn-sS-bnXv Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p∂p:

Ahs‚ i_vZw tI´v Ahs\ A\p-K-an®v Ahs‚

lnXw \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw

\ΩpsS kz¥-h-gn-I-fn¬ \S∂v \Ωp-tS-Xmb mh-\-bv°-

\p-k-c-W-ambn ]h¿Øn®v ssZh-Øn\p A\n-jvS-am-bp-

sbi-ømhv 66

881

≈Xn-te°v Xncn-bp-∂Xp aqew ]m]-Øns‚ t`mj-Øhpw

hy¿∞Xbpw Ch-sb√mw h-\-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cp-∂.

\mw ssZh-tØmSp IqsS \S-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Ahs‚ hN-

\-Ønse hmKvZ-Ø-ß-sf√mw Ah≥ \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw Ah

\nd-th-‰-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ahs‚ hmKvZ-Ø-ß-tfm-

Sp-IqsS Hcp Bta≥ tN¿Øp-sIm≠v X∂n¬ Bfl

hnizmkw A¿∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂-h¿°pw

Ah≥ DØ-c-am-Ip-∂p. A\p-k-c-W-ap-ff Hcp lrZ-b-

Øns‚ kam-[m-\-sa∂pw hnizm-k-a¿∏n-°p∂ Hcm-flmhv

F∂pw ]d-bp-∂-Xv Ahs‚ kΩp-J-Øp-\n-∂p-ff kqcy

]`bpw Ah-\p-am-bp-ff hnip≤ Iq´m-bva-bpsS im¥bpw

A\p- -hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv(71).

ENDNOTES

1(Intro) It was a benefit performance “for the re-lief of Prisoners in the several Gaol’s, and for thesupport of Mercer’s Hospital in Stephen street andof the Charitable Infirmary on stress of freeing theprisoners, and binding up the wounds of the sick, heno doubt would have been pleased with these chari-ties, which were o ten associated with early perfor-mances of Messiah.

2(Intro) After the Overture, the very beginning ofsecond part of Isaiah is sung in a tenor solo: “Comfortye Isaiah 7:14 with out hearing the contralto solo of“behold, a virgin shall conceive,” or Isaiah 9:6 withouthearing the chorus sing “Unto us a child “Surely Hehath borne our grief’s and carried our sorrows” isanother Lesser-known setting with words byIsaiah(53:4) Also with words by Isaiah are: “O thouthat tallest good tidings to Zion” (40:9) ; “Then shallthe eyes of the blind be opened and the ears of thedeaf unstopped” (35:5); “He shall feed His flock likea shepherd” (40:11); and the moving “He was despisedand rejected of men” (53:3).

Comparatively little of the text of the oratorio isfrom the NT, which is unusual, especially when weconsider that the subject matter is all about theMessiah.

3(Intro)see the Believers Bible Commentary in theintroductions to the books mentioned for a defense ofthe traditional and orthodox positions on theauthorship.

4(Intro) Josephus, Antiquities XI:1:f

5(1:7-9) So sure are the prophecies .that they areoften expressed in the Hebrew perfect tense,suggesting a completed action.

6(1:10-15)W.E.Vine, Isaiah: Prophecies, Promises,warnings,p.14.

7(2:4)This verse-minus the opening words aboutGod-is inscribed on the United Nations Building inNew York City.

8(2:12-18)A sloop is a kind of ship that generallyhas one mast.

9(4:2-6) Matthew Henry, “Isaiah,” MatthewHenry’s Commentary on the Whole Bible, IV:27.

10(6:1) This would be 740 B.C. Moody writes:“Uzziah’s reign was a kind of Victorian era in Jewishhistory. It was when this passed away into shameand disgrace that Isaiah saw the Eternal king on histhrone.” Notes from my Bible, p. 85.

11(6:1)F. C. Jennings, studies in Isaiah, p .61.

12(6:2-5) The word seraphim is from the Hebrewverb seraph, “burn,” stressing the burning of God asin “our God is a con summing fire”( Heb. 12 :19, cf.Deut. 4:24)

13(6:9,10) Vine, Isaiah,p.32.

14(7:3)His son’s name means a remnant shallreturn.

15(7:10-13) Vine,Isaiah,p.35.

16(7:14) The Hebrew word translated virgin(almah) in verse 14 may also mean “young women.”The prophecy may have had an early partial fulfillmentwhen Isaiah’s wife gave birth to Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz (8:1-4).But the ultimate., complete fulfillment wasin the birth of Christ. When Matthew quotes verse 7,he uses the Greek word parthenos, which can onlymean virgin (Matt.1:23).

17(7:14)Vine,Isaiah,p.35

18(7:18-22) Jennings, Isaiah,p.90.

19(8:19)Vine, Isaiah, p.41.

20(9:6)Ibid.,p.43.

21(11:1) The beautiful old German carol, Lo, Howa Rose E’er Blooming,” captured Isaiah’s thought hereso well. Poetically the author chose a rose as the plantwhich will grow from Jesse’s roots.

882

22(11:2) Vine, Isaiah,p.49.

23(11:6-9a) The self taught American Quaker artistEdward Hicks loved this passage so much that hepainted several very literal canvases called “ThePeaceable kingdom.” His Charming style faroutweighed his knowledge of animal anatomy.

24(13:14-22) Ryrie writes, “The decline ofBabylon occurred in stages. By 20 B.C. Strabodescribed it as ‘a vast desolation.’ Even the desertwanderer (the Arabian) Shunned the site because itbecame an omen of ill fortune” (Ryrie Study Bible,New King James Version, p.1053.)

25(14:12-17) “Lucifer” is the Latin from of “day-star,” meaning “light-bearer.”

26(14:12-17) Ryrie, study Bible, p. 1054.

27(14:24-27) Ryrie writes that “the fulfillment ofthis prediction of the destruction of Assyria is recordedin 37:21-38.” Ibid. p.1055.

28(18:1-7)The word is the usual one for woe, buthere “it differs from ch. Xvii.12 and is an expressionof compassion (cf.Isa.1v.1,Zech.ii10)rather than ofanger,” Franz Delitzsch, “Isaiah,” in BiblicalCommentary on the Old Testament, XVII:348.

29(20:1-6) The name “Palestine” is derived fromthe word Philistine.

30(21:6-10) Vine, Isaiah,p.62.

31(21:11,12) Victor Buksbazen, The ProphetIsaiah, p.224.

32(22:20-24)D .Moody writes, The Spanish Jewshave a silver key of David,bearing the inscription ‘Godshall open, the King shall enter” (Notes, p.85).

33(24:4-13) John. A. Martin, “Isaiah,” The BibleKnowledge Commentary, Old Testament, p. 1072.

34(26:1-4)Quoted by Moody in Notes from MyBible,p.86.

35(26:1-4)Ibid.

36(28:9,10) These verses are often quoted out ofcontext as the proper way to teach (going from theknow to the unknown, a little at a time, for example).While this is no doubt good advice, It is certainly notthe meaning of the text within the context.

37(28:11-13)Jennings, Isaiah, p.333.

38(28:23-29)H.Vander Lugt, Our Daily Bread,Radio Bible Class, Further documentation unavailable.

39(29:12-14)Vine, First Corinthians, p.23.

40(33:23,24)Vine, Isaiah,p.83.

41(34:9-17) The Hebrew for “confusion andemptiness” in v. 11 is the same as those wordstranslated “without from and void” in Gen.1:2.

42(35:8-10) Jennings, Isaiah, p. 417.

43(37:1-4)J. A. Alexander, The Prophecies ofIsaiah,p.289.

44 (37:36) See The Literature of England AnAnthology and a History, p. 726.

45(38:21,22) Kelly, Isaiah,p.289.

46(38:21,22) Henry, “ Isaiah,” VI:209.

47(40:6-5) G. Campbell Morgan, Searchlights fromthe Word ,p. 229

48(40:6-8)Quoted by Jennings Isaiah,p.467.

49(41:21-24)Jennings, Isaiah ,p. 486,f.n

50(41:25-29) Vine, Isaiah,p.105

51(43:1-7)Ibid.,p.115

52(43:8-13) One of the anti –Trinitarian cults usesthis passage “You are My witnesses, says Jehovah,”as the origin of their name. since they witness againstso much of the Lord’s truth, one fears that they mustbe called false witnesses. The context is far removedfrom their use of the passage.

53(44:28)Flavius Josephus, Antiquities, xi.2.

54(45:7)English has a much larger vocabulary thanHebrew. The Hebrew word here translated” evil” inthe KJV and “calamity in the NKJV can mean eitherof those two things- and several more( disaster,”“badness,” etc). It is unfortunate that the English wordthat suggests moral wrong (evil) should have beenchosen here in 1611. The rending calamity is muchbetter in context.

55(45:7)Delitzsch, “Isaiah,” in Biblical Commentaryon the old Testament, XVIII:220,21

56(45:7)Ibid.,p.221.

57(46:3,4)James S. Stewart, further documentationunavailable.

883

58(47:5)Jennings, Isaiah,p.556.

59(51:9-11)Ibid.,p.593.

60(52:11,12) Quoted by David Baron in the Servantof Jehovah,pp.46,47.

61(52:15) The parallel expression “shut theirmouths” favors the reading “startle.” However, thetraditional reading “sprinkle” recalls the sprinkling ofsacrifice blood of Leviticus and the global outreachof the message of redemption. Noting the similaritybetween “astonish” and “startle,” Vine writes: “ Inthe degradation and disfigurement which man inflictedand disfigurement which man inflicted on Him manywere astonished; in the coming manifestation of Hisglory He will astonish(cause to leap and tremble inastonishment) many nations; ‘startle’ is the meaninghere, not “sprinkle’ (as the grammatical phraseologymakes clear). “Isaiah,p.166.

62(53:2) F.B. Meyer, Christ in Isaiah, p.126.

63(53:12)David Baron, The Servant of Jehovah,p. 140

64(53:12)Moody, Notes, p. 87.

65(57:20,21)Jennings, Isaiah, p.668.

66(58:Intro)Alfred Martin, Isaiah, p.107.

67(58:1-5)Literal fasting can also be a good toolfor spiritual discipline. While the NT does not commandfasting our Lord did say, “When you fast…”(not “Ifyou fast”).

68(64:6,7) Literally, menstrual cloths.

70(66:24)Some Greek mss. Lack two of theseverses; see the NT volume of the BBC underEndnotes to Mark 9 for details.

71(66:24) Vine, Isaiah,pp.214,215.

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