SARDI Oat Newsletter 2016 · 2016-10-27 · Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 2 1....
Transcript of SARDI Oat Newsletter 2016 · 2016-10-27 · Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 2 1....
Oat Breeding Newsletter
October 2016
Michelle measuring NIR grain quality in January, 2016
Compiled by Sue Hoppo and Pamela Zwer for the
National Oat Breeding Program:
In conjunction with:
Pamela Zwer (SARDI)
Sue Hoppo (SARDI)
Peter McCormack (SARDI)
Michelle Williams (SARDI)
Mahalakshmi Mahadevan (SARDI)
Mark Hill (SARDI)
Peter Wheeler (SARDI)
KerryLee McMurray (SARDI)
Debra Donovan (DAFWA)
Cody Hull (DAFWA)
SARDI New Variety Agronomy Group
SARDI Gene Function Group
SARDI Field Crops Pathology
Statistics for the Australian Grain Industry (SAGI)
NVT Program
DAFWA NVT and Agronomy Group
Australian Cereal Rust Control Program (ACRCP)
Funded by:
Supported by:
SARDI/PIRSA
DAFWA
GRDC
RIRDC
SAGIT
Uncle Tobys Company
AEXCO Pty Ltd
Oat grower co-operators across Australia
Grains Industry Western Australia – Oat Committee (GIWA)
Australian Fodder Industry Association (AFIA)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Entries for 2016 grain trials
2. Entries for 2016 hay trials
3. Breeding program developments
4. New varieties
5. Long term grain trial results
6. Long term hay trial results
Pamela and Peter along with casuals harvesting head hills at Turretfield Research Centre, December 2015
Editors’ note:
Just a reminder, this newsletter should not be quoted without consent from the authors.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 2
1. Entries for 2016 Grain Trials
1.1 NVT and Stage 4 Grain Trials
New in 2016
• NVT30 trials at Frances in SA & Wagga Wagga in NSW reverted to NVT15
• NVT15 trials at Yarrawonga in Victoria & Wongan Hills in WA discontinued
• NVT list of entries reverts to 15 in WA
• New service providers selected to conduct NVT trials in Vic, NSW & WA
• Red leather leaf resistance trial conducted at Marrabel in SA
• Trial work conducted at Wongan Hills in WA reduced to Stage 4/5 trials and seed
multiplication only
National Variety Testing (NVT) trials comprising either 30 or 15 entries were sown at a total of
27 locations throughout SA, Victoria, NSW and WA in 2016 (Table 1). Trials at Yarrawonga and
Wonmgan Hills were discontinued and the NVT trials at Frances and Wagga Wagga were
reduced from 30 to 15 entries. Trial entries of breeder’s lines in WA became the same as
other states. However check varieties suitable for WA were selected. Trial locations and plans
can be found on the NVT website www.nvtonline.com.au
The Stage 4 grain trial reduced back to 48 entries in 2016. Stage 4 grain trials were sown at
four locations in SA, one location in NSW and four locations in WA (Table 2). The Stage 4 grain
entries were sown in nurseries at Manjimup to evaluate leaf rust, barley yellow dwarf virus
(BYDV) and septoria resistance and at Canarvon in a stem rust nursery. Stage 4 grain entries
were also evaluated for CCN resistance at the Waite Campus in SA and for stem and leaf rust
by the Australian Cereal Rust Control Program, the University of Sydney, at Cobbitty in NSW. A
selection of 24 hay and grain lines were sown in a trial at Marrabel to determine resistance to
Red Leather Leaf.
Information about the grain yield and quality of named lines is included in section 6 of this
newsletter.
Mark Hill and Peter Wheeler with casuals harvesting trials at Turretfield in December 2015.
Photo credit - Josh Cameron
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 3
Table 1: NVT trial locations in 2016.
South Australia Victoria New South Wales Western Australia
NVT 15
Crystal Brook
Paskeville
Waikerie
Frances
NVT 30
Bordertown
NVT15
Diggora
Dookie
Eastville
Hamilton
Streatham
NVT 15
Wellington
Condobolin
Cowra
Gerogery
Oaklands
Quandialla
Wagga Wagga
CVT15
Cuballing
Cunderdin
Dandaragan
Esperance R.S
Holt Rock
Merriden
Pingelly
Pingrup
Rylington Park
York
Table 2: Stage 4 grain trial and nursery locations in 2016.
South Australia New South Wales Western Australia
Yield trials
Riverton
Pinery
Turretfield
Kybybolite
Seed increase
Wasleys
Nurseries
Waite (CCN resistance)
Marrabel (RLL
resistance)
Yield trials
Griffith irrigated
trial
Nurseries
Rust evaluation at
ACRCP Cobbitty
Yield trials
Cunderdin
Pingelly
Rylington Park
Wongan Hills
Nurseries
Manjimup (BYDV, rust
& septoria)
Victoria
-
Kerry-Lee weighing seed for interstate hay trials in April, 2016
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 4
2. Entries for 2016 Hay Trials
2.1 Hay trials
New in 2016
• Stage 5 hay trial moved from Cunderdin to Muresk
• Stage 4 hay trial moved from York to Cunderdin
The Stage 5 (S5) hay trial for 2016 has 40 entries and was sown at Muresk and Wongan Hills in
WA, Horsham and Elmore in Victoria, and Finley in NSW. Four late hay entries were again
added to the Elmore trial for comparison. Stage 4 (S4) hay trials include the 40 entries from
the S5 trial and an additional 12 entries to make a total of 52 entries. Hay and grain yield and
quality assessment will be conducted at three locations in SA, two locations in Victoria, one
location in NSW and two locations in WA (Table 3). The Stage 4 late hay trial for 2016 has 28
entries and was sown at three locations in SA and one location in WA. Late hay trials located
at Riverton and Turretfield in SA will be cut for hay yield and quality assessments. All trials will
be assessed for grain yield and grain quality. The Stage 4 entries from both the hay and late
hay trials were also sown in nurseries to evaluate stem and leaf rust, BYDV and septoria
resistance in WA, CCN resistance at the Waite Campus in SA and stem and leaf rust by the
Australian Cereal Rust Control Program. Information about the hay yield and hay quality as
well as grain yield of released lines is included in section 6 of this newsletter.
Table 3: Stage 5 and Stage 4 hay and late hay trial and nursery locations in 2016
South Australia Victoria Western Australia
Stage 4 trials
Pinery (hay & late hay)
Turretfield (hay & late hay)
Riverton (hay & late hay)
Seed increase
Wasleys
Nurseries
Waite Campus (CCN
resistance)
Stage 5
Horsham (Longrenong)
Elmore (44 entries
including Forester,
Kangaroo, Tammar &
Tungoo)
Stage 5
Muresk
Wongan Hills
Stage 4
Cunderdin
Pingelly
Rylington Park (late
hay-observation and
grain harvest)
Nurseries
Manjimup (septoria,
BYDV, stem and leaf
rust)
New South Wales
Stage 5
Finley
Nurseries
Rust evaluation at
ACRCP Cobbitty
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 5
3. Breeding Program Developments
3.1 Pinery fires destroy two trial sites
The Pinery fires on November 25 last year were unlike anything we had seen in our trial
growing areas in the history of the breeding program. Our sympathies go to those
families that lost loved ones and also to the many people who lost property that day.
Our trial sites at Pinery and Wasleys were destroyed by the fire and our sites at Riverton
and Turretfield badly affected due to the severe weather conditions experienced.
We were very lucky not to lose our truck and harvesters that were parked at our
Wasleys co-operators farm.
Oat Breeding Program truck and harvesters at Wasleys after the Pinery fires
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 6
3.2 Deb Donovan visits at seed prep
In early May, Deb Donovan from the WA component of the program visited the SARDI group
to learn all about seed prep. In September both Deb and Cody along with Harmahinder were
over to look at trials & the SARDI facilities, and to learn about hay cutting and Agrobase. Both
Deb and Cody have settled into their new roles and are learning a lot about the breeding
program.
Deb Donovan
from WA
learning
about filling
trial
magazines for
seeding
Cody and Deb seeding oat trials on the Muresk
farm in May. Photo credit Cody Hull.
Harmohinder, Deb, Sue and Cody
during the September visit to SARDI
by the group.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 7
3.3 Russian Wheat Aphid found in South Australia & Victoria
Russian wheat aphid (RWA) has been confirmed as present in all SA grain growing areas by
the SARDI Entomology group. The infestation was also confirmed across the western half
of Vic, but has not been identified in WA.
RWA was identified in late May and in one month had gone from being identified in one
paddock to confirming its presence across an extensive area of SA and Vic.
Advice from the Entomology group is that RWA is just like any other insect pest, you need a
sufficient population density for them to cause economic damage. They advise farmers to
follow good pest management principles of monitoring, to understand how the infestation
levels may change as winter progresses, and being ready to use recommended chemicals
as required. It is important that growers stick to recommended rates in cereals to ensure
they are safe.
Growers and advisers are encouraged to report suspected sightings of RWA to the Exotic
Plant Pest Hotline.
September update according to PestFacts is that SARDI researchers have observed a
significant decrease in RWA numbers following consistent and heavy recent rain events.
Although many RWA are washed off the plant by rain, some survive in tightly rolled leaves
and others may survive on the soil and later return to the plant. Currently there is no data
to determine the extent of yield impact from aphids present in heads. Tillers affected with
symptoms are often stunted and therefore difficult to find amongst healthy, taller tillers,
without close inspection of the crop. Observed rates of parasitism by parasitoid wasps
have been moderate to high in some paddocks, with the possibility of good levels of RWA
population control. Because the parasitized aphid mummies are generally not dislodged by
rain the parasitism ratio has been improved by the recent rains.
Photo supplied by Paul
Carmody of the long season
oat variety field day east of
Cuballing, WA on September
9. Thanks to Gilmac and
ConsultAg for their hard work.
The growers seem to favor
Brusher as the variety most
suited for this situation and
we look forward to seeing the
results next year.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 8
3.4 Project updates 3.4.1 Oat Pre-Breeding Project
SARDI’s John Harris is performing fine mapping for two CCN loci, previously identified in
Kangaroo, and has commenced high throughput genotyping of thousands of lines derived
from a Kangaroo x Eurabbie cross. Informative lines will be screened for CCN resistance by
SARDI’s John Lewis. This fine mapping will yield information that reduces the likely genetic
region carrying the gene responsible for CCN resistance.
Robert Park and Jeremy Roake from the University of Sydney are continually screening
hundreds of lines from the Australian Winter Cereals Collection and the Quaker Oats
Nursery for reaction to oat crown rust. Potentially resistant candidates have been identified
and used for crossing with Mitika, Williams, Wintaroo, Wombat, and several breeder lines.
Hugh Wallwork and Ester Capio with SARDI have identified 7 isolates of Red Leather Leaf
(RLL) disease and developed culturing conditions to maintain their collection. They have
successfully inoculated oat seedlings with RLL. A heavily infected field site was also
identified last year and a field trial has been sown there this year in the hope of observing
infection on material from the National Oat Breeding Program (more information about the
RLL component is contained in the following section).
Red Leather Leaf Component (update thanks to Dr Hugh Wallwork)
Red leather leaf caused by the fungus Spermospora avenae has been observed in South
Australia for many years but appears to be becoming more common in oat crops recently
in both South Australia and Victoria. There is however very limited information published
on this pathogen or the disease it causes. The one Australian publication is a taxonomic
description from Victoria published in 1981. A widespread and severe epidemic on oats in
the south-east of Ireland in 1988 was reported in a paper in 1990 but the only other reports
are two from North America and one from Turkey. All reports have come from crops grown
under cool damp conditions.
The fungus survives on oat stubbles and produces asexual spores which are blown onto
oat plants where, if conditions are cool and wet, it causes reddening of leaves often in long
stripes. The site of infection is not always obvious but shows as grey-white areas often with
dark borders. When conditions turn warmer and dry, crops often recover well.
As a part of a larger GRDC oat project SARDI plant pathologists were asked to develop a
screening technique for the pathogen. This was accomplished in the 2015/2016 season with
fungal isolates from 7 crops being grown on various media and under various temperature
and light regimes. An efficient method for growing the fungus and for collecting large
numbers of the infective spores (conidia) was devised.
Initial tests with oat varieties grown under controlled environment conditions have shown
good infection and with some differences between both varieties and fungal isolates.
Further tests are required however to verify whether the differences observed are
consistent across different tests and whether they match up with field observations. To
this end the oat breeding team have sown an oat variety trial into a paddock just north of
Marrabel which has stubbles left over from a crop severely infected in 2015. Variety ratings
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 9
will be taken from the site and samples of the fungus from the same site will be used to
rate plants grown under controlled environment conditions. Ratings provided in the Cereal
Variety Disease Guide and Oat Sowing Guides have come from a few variety trial plots on
an opportunistic basis over several years and may not reflect variation in the pathogen.
There is no specific funding for ongoing work although SARDI is collaborating with a
Researcher Jacky Edwards and a Masters student at La Trobe University who are looking at
a range of fungal isolates and determining how variable they are using genetic marker
screening techniques.
John Both of Nufarm has set up fungicide trials this year to look into various products and
their efficacy at sites near Saddleworth and Cooke Plains.
Marrabel Red Leather Leaf trial in July, 2016
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 10
Enhancing the Grain Yield and Quality of Oat under Water Deficits—project funded by
SAGIT, GRDC and SARDI (update thanks to Dr Mahalakshmi Mahadevan)
The three year project funded by SAGIT on oat drought tolerance was completed and the
final report was submitted in September 2015. Data collected from nine environments with
a combination of locations and seasons were analysed for agronomic traits, yield and yield
components, physical and NIR grain quality, hay yield and quality, and grain and biomass
water use efficiencies. New phenotyping techniques were used in the project to determine
the trait that could possibly improve performance under water limited environments.
Chlorophyll content of the flag leaf at booting, panicle emergence, anthesis and milk
development stages significantly correlated with grain yield. Data collection for chlorophyll
content will commence in the breeding program in 2017. Two milling varieties, Bannister
and Mitika, were identified as potential varieties with more stable yield under low rainfall
conditions and could produce much higher yield in high rainfall situations.
A shade experiment was conducted to compare the varieties Mitika, Williams, Wintaroo
and Yallara, in two locations in South Australia; Pinery and Turretfield and in one location
in at Valdivia, Chile. The aim was to determine the critical window of stress vulnerability
for grain yield. The overall pattern of yield response to time of stress spanned from the
period from stem elongation (GS31) to about 10 days after anthesis (Figure 1). Most of the
yield response was mediated through response in grain number rather than grain size.
Individual grain weight increased when the grain number reduced due to stress shortly
before anthesis. Grains per panicle was more responsive to stress than panicles per m2, in
contrast to other cereals. The results also suggest that there could be varietal differences in
oat. Harvest index responded to the interaction between time of shade and variety,
suggesting a possible genotype-dependent response to time of stress. A peer review paper
has been accepted for publication in the Field Crops Research Journal and is available at
the following link until November 19, 2016 -
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429016303719
Part of the paper has also been presented at the 10th International Oat Conference, St.
Petersburg, Russia, 11-15 July 2016.
This year, field experiments for the drought tolerance component of the Oat pre breeding
project have been sown at Pinery and Turretfield with a focus on 16 grain varieties. The
traits which will be observed are leaf chlorophyll (SPAD) and NDVI using the Greenseeker to
calculate the growth rate and to study the senescence / stay green potential of varieties.
Based on the findings of the previous shade experiment, a shade experiment was sown at
Turretfield with the aim of determining the difference in responsiveness of eight grain
varieties at the most sensitive stage of crop growth, which is immediately after stem
elongation (GS31). It is a split plot experiment with shade or no shade treatments as main
plots and eight grain varieties as sub plots.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 11
Figure 1: Effect of time of shading on yield, grain number and grain weight of oat crops at Pinery,
Turretfield, and Valdivia. Varieties are Mitika (red), Williams (blue), Wintaroo (green), and Yallara
(yellow). Arrows, using the same colour code, indicate stem elongation (GS31) for each variety. Each
data point corresponds to the midpoint of the shading period on a phenological scale centred at
flowering (GS60) of controls. Traits are expressed as the ratio between shaded treatments and
unshaded controls. Error bars are two standard errors of the mean. Closed symbols indicate
significant difference between the shaded treatment and the control and open symbols indicate no
difference (P = 0.05). Vertical dashed lines bound the window where shading reduced the trait by a
minimum 10% in relation to the unshaded controls.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 12
Maha using the Greenseeker to measure early vigour in drought tolerance plots at Pinery in August
2016.
Plots at Riverton showing the difference between slow and fast early vigour.
This is an important trait to help with weed control in the early stages of crop growth.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 13
Erecting and putting out the shade frames at Turretfield Research Centre in early September, 2016.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 14
3.4.3 Sodicity tolerance in oats
A new SAGIT funded project is looking at the tolerance of oats to sodicity.
Preliminary studies indicate that oats are high sodium accumulators and are more
similar to Durum wheat than Bread wheat in this respect. A trial comprising 4
varieties at three levels of sodicity is currently being grown in the growth chamber at
the Waite to determine the rate of sodium humate application required to show
sodicity susceptibility. Wombat, Mitika, Brusher and Yallara oats are being screened
at nil, 10 and 16 g/kg of sodium humate. The rate established from this study will be
used to screen a range of oat varieties to determine if there is genetic variation for
tolerance that can be used by the breeding program. The lines to be screened
include the CORE set which is a worldwide collection of oats as well as material
sourced from China. This is a collaborative project between Yusuf Genc from SARDI
and Graham Lyons from the University of Adelaide.
Pamela, Graham Lyons, Yusuf, Kerry-Lee and Simon Michelmore inspecting the oat lines being grown
in the greenhouse for sodicity screening and right: Wombat, Mitika, Brusher and Yallara oats being
screened to determine the level of sodium humate application required to screen for sodicity
tolerance.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 15
3.5 WA program developments
3.5.1 GRDC Funded Oat Agronomy Project in the Western Region (update courtesy
Georgina Troup, DAFWA)
The growing season has been kind throughout the oat growing region in WA, and our oat
agronomy research trials are diverse in both topic and location. Research is focussed on
providing support to growers and advisors in selecting the right variety for their region, and
using the right agronomy to optimise yield, quality and return per hectare.
Variety specific agronomy requirements
In 2016, our trials are building on our 2014 & 2015 work in the lower rainfall region which
had identified variety specific crop management requirements for the recently released
varieties Williams and Bannister. Sensitivity to nitrogen, and targeted plant density were
identified in our previous trials which we are investigating further in 2016. We are also
investigating these variety specific requirements in the higher rainfall region – which is the
more traditional oat growing region in WA.
Above: Muresk oat agronomy trial site, sown 29th April 2016.
Newly released variety Durack is in its third season with the agronomy program, with trial
results indicating it is less sensitive to changes in crop management than Williams, similar
to Carrolup and Yallara. Current Oat Agronomy research papers presented by Georgie
Troup at the 2016 Research Updates can be found here.
Effect of Moddus on Williams oats
In the southern part of the oat growing region, Research Officer Raj Malik is investigating
the effect of plant growth regulator Moddus Evo® on high yielding variety Williams; which
has a tendency to lodge in higher rainfall areas under certain growing conditions. The study
is evaluating the performance of Williams in the presence and absence of lodging, and
assessing the impact of the plant growth regulator on lodging of Williams. An economic
study will evaluate the effect of using Moddus Evo® for controlling lodging in this variety.
Hay phenology – variety maturity research
The hay phenology trial series in it’s second season was sown at Northam and Katanning.
Fifteen hay varieties were sown at four dates ranging from the 21 April to the 7 July with
the aim to determine the duration to watery ripe (Z71). This work enables growers to
better understand the difference between oat varieties in their duration to watery ripe (hay
cutting date) when sown at different seeding dates.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 16
Left: DAFWA Research Officer Raj Malik monitoring Moddus Evo® trial at Kojonup. Right: Hay phenology trial at Katanning.
Trials and demonstrations being undertaken by our project partners at ConsultAg include;
1) Cereal variety evaluations at Lake Grace and Cuballing – these trials aim to assess the ‘fit’ of
oats grown for grain in the non-traditional oat growing areas. Popular oat varieties
(including Durack) are being assessed against a commonly grown wheat and barley variety
for economic return.
2) Efficacy of Terbyne for controlling brome grass populations – this trial is evaluating the
control achieved by Terbyne standalone and in combination with commonly used
herbicides for managing brome grass populations in oats.
3) Long season hay varieties in WA hay programs – evaluating where long season hay varieties
can be used to extend the cutting window for oaten hay crops without compromising
economic return.
For more information on the Oat Agronomy program contact Georgie Troup on 0472 831
820 or email [email protected] or ConsultAg’s Trent Butcher on 0417 137 211
or email [email protected]
Harmohinder, Deb, Pamela, Peter & Cody after spreading infected straw on the Septoria nursery at
Manjimup in August 2016 (photos courtesy Cody Hull)
Left: Georgie Troup, Helena
O’Dwyer, Cody Hull, Pamela Zwer,
Peter McCormack and Deb
Donovan at the AFIA conference,
2016. Photo courtesy Cody Hull.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 17
3.6 International Oat Conference in Russia
The International Oat Conference is held once every four years and is hosted by a different
country each time. This year the 10th IOC was held in St. Petersburg, Russia from July 11-15
where the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources is located. This is the oldest
working seed collection initiated by Nikolai Vavilov in 1917. Both Pamela and Peter
attended the conference and had the privilege to tour the Vavilov collection, herbarium,
and Vavilov Museum.
The IOC consisted of seven Plenary Sessions, two Parallel Sessions, and a tour to the main
field research centre to view oat genetic resources growing in the field. The formal sessions
addressed genetic resources, diversity, and breeding; genomics, bioinformatics, and
molecular assisted selection; physiology, pest and disease resistance; production,
processing product, and consumer; agronomy, nutrition, health claims, and diets; and
sustainable farming systems, commercialisation, seed production, and royalties.
Pamela was Chair for the conference, chair for the opening and second to the last sessions,
presented an oral presentation on ‘Stress stages in oat’ and conducted the IOC Business
Meeting. Peter was chair for the closing session, presented a poster, ‘Export oaten hay
industry in Australia’ and presented an oral presentation on ‘End-point royalties and
commercialisation’. Pamela, Peter, Georgie and Rob were also involved in a bid to host the
2020 International Oat Conference in Australia. We now have confirmation that the 11th
International Oat Conference will be held in Perth, WA in 2020. Exciting news!
Linkages were strengthened to exchange germplasm with the UK, China, Russia, South
America, and North America.
Below are some photos from the conference.
Left: Enjoying a day in the field in Russia with WA
grower Will Carrington-Jones, Pamela Zwer of the
National Oat Breeding Program, Rob Loughman
DAFWA, and Peter McCormack also from the
breeding program.
Photo credit: Georgie Troup
Right: Attending the 10th IOC in St Petersburg are Zhang
Zongwen, Director of the Oat & Buckwheat Crop Science
Society of China, Will Carrington-Jones, Rob Laughman,
Pamela Zwer, Alfredo Mascimento Junior from Brazil,
Georgie Troup, Peter Mcormack and Carlos Riede from
Brazil. Photo credit: Peter McCormack
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 18
4. New varieties & advanced breeder’s lines
Durack
The previously named breeding line WA02Q302-9 was named
Durack and was launched at the GIWA Oat Forum at Muresk on
the 5th of September by Pamela and the Director General of
DAFWA Dr Mark Web. Seed will be available to growers in
2017 through Heritage Seeds.
For more information about this new variety please refer to the
description in section 5.1. A fact sheet is also available on the Heritage Seeds website for
WA and for the rest of Australia. http://www.heritageseeds.com.au/field-crops-2/winter-
crop-varieties/durack.htm
Below are some photos from launch day -
03198-18 – potential new grain variety
This line is about to be named and bulked for release. Seed will be available to growers in
2018 through Heritage Seeds.
For more information about this new variety please refer to the description in section 5.1.
03216-35 - potential new grain variety
This potential milling line is an early-mid season maturing short tall line which averages
10cm shorter than Yallara, similar height as Dunnart and 15cm taller than Mitika. This line is
the third potential milling quality dwarf variety with CCN resistance and tolerance and stem
nematode tolerance. Other previous varieties with these attributes are Wombat and
Dunnart. It is also SRR MR-MS, LRR MR-MS, BYDV MR-MS, bacterial blight MR, Septoria MR-
MS, RLL MR-MS and has excellent early vigour and colour.
This variety is a substantial improvement for grain quality when compared with other CCNR
and T lines and has improved hectolitre weight and groat percent even when compared to
Mitika. It averages slightly lower grain size than Mitika but is comparable for screenings
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 19
percent and lower in oil and has brighter grain. Compared to Wombat and Dunnart it is a
big improvement in hectolitre weight and also an improvement in groat percent and
protein. It has high hull lignin and Euro’s low oil percent. This is a complex cross with a
Euro backcross and New Zealand breeder’s line in it’s pedigree. The comparative attributes
of this breeder’s line are available in the tables in section 5.
Breeder’s seed is being grown in 2016 for bulking at the end of the year. The expected
release is in 2018.
06204-16 – potential new grain variety
This breeder’s line is a dwarf, early-mid season (similar to Possum) potential milling oat. It
has excellent grain yield but is susceptible to CCN (no rating available for tolerance). It is
SRR MS-S, LRR R, BYDV MS-S, bacterial blight MS, Septoria MS-S with no CCNT, RLL or SN
rating. Quality is good but hectolitre weight can be a bit low (similar to Wombat), grain
weight is excellent (same as Mitika), screenings percent is low and similar to Mitika, groat %
is excellent and an improvement compared to Mitika. 06204-16 has high B-glucan with
bright grain and is a complex cross with a Quaker line, Potoroo, Euro and other advanced
dwarf milling breeder’s lines in it’s pedigree. The comparative attributes of this breeder’s
line are available in the tables in section 5.
Breeder’s seed is being multiplied in 2016 with an expected release of 2019.
05096-32 – potential new hay variety
This line is a mid tall potential hay variety with EM-M maturity. It is similar in height, 2 to 4
days later in maturity and has similar grain yield and stem diameter compared to Yallara.
Hay yield is slightly higher than Carrolup, but lower than Yallara and Brusher. It has
improved disease and grain quality compared to other current varieties and combines
improved septoria resistance with good rust and bacterial blight resistances. It is CCN MS,
no tolerance rating, SRR R-S in SA/Vic and R in WA, LRR MS-S in SA/Vic and R-MR in WA,
BYDV MS-S, bacterial blight MR, SNMI, Septoria MR in WA. It has excellent hay colour and
hay quality is similar to Wintaroo across all traits except water soluble carbohydrates which
averages lower in Victoria and WA. Grain quality is similar to Yallara but with a lower
groat%. It has low oil and bright grain.
This line is a cross between two WA breeder’s lines. Breeder’s seed is being multiplied in
2016 with potential release in 2018.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 20
5. Long term grain trial results
Results for individual NVT trials are not presented in this newsletter. However, they are
incorporated into the long term performance of varieties and advanced breeding lines which are
presented in this newsletter in Tables 4 to 8. Grain yield and grain quality information for
individual sites is available at the NVT web site: www.nvtonline.com.au.
Table 4 shows the relative yield performance of new varieties compared to existing varieties for
four different states and Tables 5 to 8 show the relative yield performance of new varieties
compared to existing varieties for regions within states. An updated analysis for grain quality was
available for this newsletter. Tables 9 and 10 show the relative grain quality across all states and
Tables 11 to 16 show the relative grain quality parameters by state. Tables 18 and 19 show the
relative disease resistance characteristics for these varieties in different regions. Care needs to be
taken to look at not only grain yield but grain quality and disease resistance characteristics to
determine if a variety is suitable for your region. Please note: Stem and leaf rust reactions
reported for all oat varieties will vary by region due to genetic variation in the pathogen
population. A pathotype that overcomes most resistance genes for stem rust is now present in
southern Australia. Hence it is important to monitor oat crops for early detection of rust, so
fungicide applications can be applied to control the disease.
Brochures are available for new varieties from the website, the SA and WA components of the
NOBP and our commercial partners; AEXCO who commercialises the hay varieties and Seednet and
Heritage who commercialise the milling varieties from the SARDI node of the National Oat Breeding
Program and Seednet for Bannister and Heritage Seeds for Williams and Durack and future WA
released varieties.
5.1 Grain Variety Summary
Durack (WA02Q302-9)
Commercial production of a new release from the National Oat Breeding Program, Durack
(previously WA02Q302-9), was launched in September 2016 and will be available to growers
in 2017. It is a moderately tall variety similar in height to Carrolup and Yallara measuring
between 80 and 90 cm. Check out this new variety as it is a minimum of one week earlier
than any other variety released from the program. Durack has good lodging and shattering
resistance and good early vigour. Grain yield is similar to the tall varieties Carrolup and
Yallara across all states and an improvement compared to tall varieties bred for hay. Grain
quality for this line is excellent. Hay yield averaged over low, medium, and high rainfall sites
is lower than other longer season varieties. Care will need to be taken to cut this very early
maturing variety at the correct growth stage. Monitoring the crop will be the key to
achieving the highest hay quality.
03198-18
The breeding line, 03198-18, has dwarf stature measuring 65 to 70 cm. It is slightly taller
than Mitika. It has a maturity similar to Mitika, but is 2 to 8 days earlier to head than
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 21
Yallara, 8 to 10 days earlier than Bannister and 3 to 10 days earlier than Williams. 03198-18
is 4 to 8 days later to head than Durack.
03198-18 has similar grain yield to Mitika and Kojonup, but lower than Bannister and
Williams.
The grain quality is excellent. 03198-18 has slightly lower hectolitre weight than Mitika, but
it has higher 1000 grain weight compared to Mitika. It has the lowest screenings percent of
the varieties, high protein, and slightly higher groat percent compared to Mitika. The trait of
interest for this variety is improved β-glucan content. The β-glucan content was measured
using a flow injection instrument. 03198-18 has 5.2% (dm basis) compared to 4.4% for
Mitika and Kojonup. The β-glucan content is the same as Williams, however the groat
percent for 03198-18 is significantly higher than Williams.
03198-8 is a cross between Mitika and a WA breeder’s line.
BannisterAAAA
Bannister is a dwarf milling variety with high grain yield released for Western Australia in
2012. Bannister is suited to eastern Australia as well as Western Australia. It is adapted to
low, medium, and high rainfall zones of southern Australia. It is 13 cm taller than Mitika
and heads about 3 to 4 days later than Mitika. Seednet is the commercial partner.
Bannister is resistant to leaf rust and moderately resistant to bacterial blight. It is
susceptible and intolerant to CCN.
Bannister has slightly lower hectolitre weight and slightly higher screenings compared to
Mitika. It is similar to Mitika for groat percent.
WilliamsAAAA
Williams is a tall milling variety commercialised by Heritage. Williams formerly known as the
breeding line, WA2332, is an early to midseason variety similar to Yallara, but three to seven
days later than Mitika. Williams is 15 cm taller than Mitika, 5 cm taller than Bannister, and
15 cm shorter than Yallara.
Although classified as MS for septoria, Williams has the highest level of septoria resistance
compared to all other current oat varieties. It is resistant to leaf rust and depending on the
stem rust pathotype present can range from moderately resistant to susceptible. Williams is
resistant to bacterial blight and moderately resistant to moderately susceptible for BYDV. It
is susceptible and intolerant to CCN.
Williams has grain yield similar to Bannister except in the lower rainfall regions where it
yielded less. Williams yielded similar to Mitika except in the Mid North where it yielded
significantly more grain.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 22
Grain quality is slightly lower than Mitika. Williams has higher screenings than Mitika,
Yallara, and Bannister, especially in the low rainfall regions.
Williams had similar hay yield compared to other hay varieties at Pinery and Turretfield, but
lower hay yield at Riverton. Hay quality is also similar to hay varieties, except for slightly
higher crude protein. Care must be taken to achieve high plant populations to reduce stem
thickness.
WombatAAAA
Wombat is a dwarf milling variety that was commercialised by Seednet. It is similar in
height to Possum and slightly taller than Mitika. It is a midseason variety flowering about
six days later than Mitika.
Wombat is the first dwarf milling variety with CCN resistance and tolerance. It is also
moderately tolerant to stem nematode.
Wombat has high hectolitre weight and low screenings compared to the feed variety
Potoroo, which was the first dwarf variety with CCN resistance and tolerance. It also has
high groat percent, slightly higher than Mitika.
YallaraAAAA
Yallara is a medium tall early to midseason variety similar to Euro for flowering and
maturity. Yallara, released in 2009, is a milling line with slightly better grain quality than
Euro but not as susceptible to stem rust. It has bright, plump grain suitable for the milling
industry and specialised feed end-uses. Seednet is the commercial partner.
Yallara is a Euro look alike with improved leaf rust resistance. It is resistant but intolerant to
CCN. It is moderately susceptible to BYDV, bacterial blight, and septoria. Yallara is
susceptible and intolerant to stem nematode and susceptible to red leather leaf.
Yallara has excellent grain quality. It has high hectolitre weight, low screenings, and high
groat percent. The grain is plump and bright and could suit niche markets like the horse
racing industry in addition to human consumption. Yallara was evaluated for hay
production and hay yield is similar to popular hay varieties with excellent hay quality.
MitikaAAAA
Mitika is a dwarf milling oat commercialised in 2005 by Heritage Seeds. It is earlier maturing
than Possum and Echidna and this trait favours Mitika in a dry finish.
Mitika is moderately resistant to leaf rust. It has improved resistance to bacterial blight and
is superior to Echidna for septoria resistance. Mitika is similar to Echidna for BYDV and red
leather leaf resistance. It is very susceptible and intolerant to cereal cyst nematode (CCN)
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 23
and moderately intolerant of stem nematode (SN) and is not recommended in areas where
either of these nematodes are a problem.
Mitika has high hectolitre weight, low screenings, and high groat percent compared to
Echidna. It also has higher levels of β-glucan than current varieties. Mitika also has
improved feed quality with low husk lignin and high grain digestibility.
Table 4. Average grain yield (t/ha) in four states and the average for all states for twelve oat
varieties and two breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT
Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety State All
Zones NSW SA VIC WA
Bannister 3.9 3.3 3.8 3.9 3.7
Carrolup (tall) 3.6 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.1
Dunnart 3.8 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.4
Echidna 3.7 2.9 3.5 3.5 3.3
Kojonup 3.6 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.4
Mitika 3.7 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.4
Possum 3.8 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.4
Potoroo 3.9 3.1 3.7 3.8 3.6
03198-18 3.8 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.4
03216-35 3.7 2.8 3.2 3.4 3.2
06204-16 3.9 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.6
Durack (tall) 3.6 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.2
Wandering 4.2 3.1 3.9 3.7 3.7
Williams (tall) 3.8 3.2 3.9 4.0 3.7
Wombat 3.7 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.5
Yallara (tall) 3.6 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.2
No. trials 36 49 28 49 162
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 24
Table 5. Average grain yield (t/ha) by site in South Australia for twelve oat varieties and two breeder’s
lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT Programs in SA, Vic and NSW
and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chris Lisle, SAGI.
South Australia
Variety Lower
EP
Upper
EP
Yorke
Peninsula
Mid
North
South
East Mallee
Bannister 3.1 1.5 3.9 3.6 3.7 1.4
Carrolup (tall) 2.2 1.4 3.1 2.9 3.2 0.9
Dunnart 2.6 1.4 3.4 3.3 3.5 1.3
Echidna 2.6 1.4 3.6 3.1 3.3 1.2
Kojonup 2.9 1.4 3.6 3.3 3.4 1.1
Mitika 2.9 1.3 3.9 3.4 3.4 1.3
Possum 2.8 1.4 3.7 3.4 3.5 1.2
Potoroo 2.8 1.4 3.7 3.3 3.5 1.6
03198-18 3.0 1.3 4.0 3.5 3.5 1.4
03216-35 2.5 1.3 3.2 3.1 3.4 1.3
06204-16 3.2 1.5 4.2 3.7 3.6 1.4
Durack (tall) 2.7 1.2 3.3 3.2 3.3 1.2
Wandering 2.4 1.4 3.6 3.2 3.6 2.0
Williams (tall) 3.3 1.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 1.4
Wombat 2.9 1.5 3.6 3.3 3.5 1.1
Yallara (tall) 2.4 1.3 2.9 3.0 3.4 1.2
No. trials 3 3 5 18 15 5
Table 6. Average grain yield (t/ha) by site in Victoria for twelve oat varieties and two breeder’s lines
(2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT Programs in SA, Vic and NSW
and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety Victoria
North Central North East South West
Bannister 3.5 3.6 4.7
Carrolup (tall) 2.9 3.0 3.9
Dunnart 3.3 3.3 4.3
Echidna 3.2 3.3 4.3
Kojonup 3.1 3.4 4.3
Mitika 3.0 3.1 4.2
Possum 3.1 3.1 4.3
Potoroo 3.6 3.5 4.5
03198-18 3.1 3.0 4.3
03216-35 3.0 3.0 3.9
06204-16 3.3 3.3 4.6
Durack (tall) 2.8 2.8 3.7
Wandering 4.0 3.5 4.6
Williams (tall) 3.5 3.8 4.6
Wombat 3.2 3.4 4.4
Yallara (tall) 3.0 3.0 3.7
No trials 9 13 6
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 25
Table 7. Average grain yield (t/ha) by site of New South Wales for twelve oat varieties and two breeder’s
lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and
CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chris Lisle, SAGI.
New South Wales
Variety South West South East North East
Bannister 3.9 4.1 3.6
Carrolup (tall) 3.4 3.7 3.4
Dunnart 3.8 3.9 3.5
Echidna 3.7 3.8 3.4
Kojonup 3.6 3.7 3.3
Mitika 3.8 3.9 3.3
Possum 3.8 3.9 3.3
Potoroo 3.9 4.0 3.6
03198-18 3.9 3.9 3.3
03216-35 3.6 3.8 3.4
06204-16 4.0 4.1 3.4
Durack (tall) 3.6 3.7 3.2
Wandering 4.1 4.3 4.0
Williams (tall) 3.8 3.9 3.6
Wombat 3.7 3.8 3.4
Yallara (tall) 3.6 3.7 3.4
No. trials 14 17 5
Table 8. Average grain yield (t/ha) by site for Western Australia for twelve oat varieties and two
breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT Programs in SA,
Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety Western Australia
Agzone 2 Agzone 3 Agzone 4 Agzone 5 Agzone 6
Bannister 4.0 3.9 2.0 3.3 4.8
Carrolup (tall) 3.4 3.2 1.8 2.8 3.7
Dunnart 3.8 3.6 1.9 3.1 4.2
Echidna 3.6 3.4 1.9 3.1 4.5
Kojonup 3.7 3.6 1.8 3.0 4.5
Mitika 3.7 3.4 1.8 3.0 4.6
Possum 3.7 3.5 1.9 3.0 4.4
Potoroo 3.9 3.7 2.0 3.3 4.6
03198-18 3.7 3.4 1.9 3.1 4.7
03216-35 3.5 3.4 1.7 3.0 3.7
06204-16 3.9 3.7 2.0 3.12 5.0
Durack (tall) 3.5 3.3 1.6 2.9 3.8
Wandering 4.0 3.5 2.2 3.6 4.4
Williams (tall) 4.1 4.1 1.9 3.2 4.6
Wombat 3.8 3.7 1.9 3.0 4.5
Yallara (tall) 3.5 3.4 1.7 2.9 3.4
No. trials 22 16 3 3 5
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 26
Table 9. Average physical and chemical grain quality (measured using NIR) characteristics for twelve
oat varieties and two breeder’s lines (combined SA, Victoria, WA and NSW data), 2011 to 2015.
Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program. Analysis by Chong You, SAGI except screenings %*
which is a simple mean of all data points in the long term database.
Variety Hectolitre
weight
kg/hl
1000 grain
weight
g
Screenings
%<2 mm*
Screenings
no. data
points
NIR
Protein
%
NIR
Oil
%
NIR
Groat
%
Minolta
L
Bannister 49.1 32.8 10.8 233 10.9 7.5 71.3 59.5
Carrolup (tall) 50.4 33.2 14.7 219 12.2 6.1 72.8 59.9
Dunnart 47.4 36.9 6.5 222 10.8 6.3 71.3 59.8
Echidna 47.7 31.0 15.1 63 11.0 6.2 70.6 60.7
Kojonup 47.4 33.6 10.9 219 12.3 6.1 74.7 60.7
Mitika 49.4 35.5 8.4 222 12.3 6.9 73.1 58.0
Possum 47.9 34.3 7.3 183 11.7 6.2 72.1 58.8
Potoroo 44.7 31.5 17.5 177 11.2 7.0 71.1 61.0
03198-18 48.6 35.4 7.7 168 12.5 6.9 73.8 58.0
03216-35 50.4 34.1 7.9 168 12.5 5.5 74.1 60.0
06204-16 48.8 35.3 7.8 72 12.1 6.5 74.3 61.9
Durack (tall) 51.5 34.5 8.5 168 12.6 6.8 72.9 59.6
Wandering 47.4 33.0 11.6 216 11.8 6.6 71.1 61.4
Williams (tall) 47.8 31.1 13.4 218 11.1 7.2 69.6 60.5
Wombat 48.2 33.4 14.7 222 11.7 6.6 73.9 60.5
Yallara (tall) 50.0 33.7 8.7 223 10.9 5.2 75.3 62.2
No. trials 69 47 NA 70 70 70 71
Table 10. NIR measured Minolta L (20011-2015) and hull lignin characteristics for twelve oat varieties and two
breeder’s lines (combined SA, Victoria, WA and NSW data). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program.
Variety State All
Zones Hull
lignin NSW SA VIC WA
Bannister 59.2 60.9 60.8 57.9 59.5 High
Carrolup (tall) 59.7 61.4 61.5 58.3 59.9 High
Dunnart 59.6 61.2 61.3 58.3 59.8 High
Echidna 60.2 62.1 62.2 59.4 60.7 High
Kojonup 60.1 62.0 62.1 59.3 60.7 High
Mitika 57.2 59.1 58.5 57.0 58.0 Low
Possum 58.6 60.2 60.0 57.3 58.8 High
Potoroo 60.2 62.2 62.4 59.7 61.0 High
03198-18 57.2 59.1 58.4 57.0 58.0 Low
03216-35 59.8 61.4 61.5 58.4 60.0 High
06204-16 61.8 63.5 64.1 60.2 61.9 High
Durack (tall) 59.4 61.0 61.0 58.0 59.6 High
Wandering 60.6 62.6 62.9 60.1 61.4 High
Williams (tall) 60.9 62.2 62.7 58.4 60.5 High
Wombat 59.9 61.8 61.8 59.1 60.5 High
Yallara (tall) 62.1 63.8 64.5 60.4 62.2 Mod high
No. trials 7 32 2 30 71
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 27
Table 11. Average hectolitre weight (kg/hl) in four states and the average for all states for twelve
oat varieties and two breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program,
NVT Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chong You, SAGI.
Variety State All
Zones NSW SA VIC WA
Bannister 50.7 48.2 50.9 49.5 49.1
Carrolup (tall) 52.7 50.2 51.0 50.1 50.4
Dunnart 49.1 47.2 48.9 47.1 47.4
Echidna 48.5 46.9 48.9 48.3 47.7
Kojonup 48.8 47.0 49.1 47.4 47.4
Mitika 51.9 49.1 50.1 49.0 49.4
Possum 50.1 48.1 48.8 47.2 47.9
Potoroo 44.4 44.1 46.8 45.3 44.7
03198-18 50.8 48.3 49.4 48.4 48.6
03216-35 52.7 49.8 51.2 50.5 50.4
06204-16 50.8 48.3 50.2 48.7 48.8
Durack (tall) 54.2 51.1 51.4 51.2 51.5
Wandering 48.0 47.1 49.1 47.5 47.4
Williams (tall) 49.1 46.9 49.3 48.3 47.8
Wombat 49.9 48.1 49.4 47.8 48.2
Yallara (tall) 52.6 49.8 51.1 49.5 50.0
No. trials 7 31 2 29 69
Table 12. Average 1000 grain weight (g) in four states and the average for all states for twelve oat
varieties and two breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT
Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chong You, SAGI.
Variety State All
Zones NSW SA VIC WA
Bannister 33.1 32.3 36.1 33.4 32.8
Carrolup (tall) 34.2 32.9 35.7 32.7 33.2
Dunnart 36.6 36.4 39.9 38.8 36.9
Echidna 31.8 30.6 34.2 30.6 31.0
Kojonup 34.9 33.4 36.1 32.7 33.6
Mitika 36.8 35.3 37.7 34.9 35.5
Possum 35.0 33.9 37.0 34.3 34.3
Potoroo 32.1 31.1 34.6 31.5 31.5
03198-18 36.3 35.1 37.9 35.2 35.4
03216-35 34.9 33.8 36.9 34.0 34.1
06204-16 36.4 35.0 37.5 34.9 35.3
Durack (tall) 35.3 34.1 37.2 34.3 34.5
Wandering 33.6 32.6 35.7 33.4 33.0
Williams (tall) 31.6 30.7 34.6 31.2 31.1
Wombat 34.2 33.0 36.0 33.2 33.4
Yallara (tall) 35.0 33.5 36.1 33.1 33.7
No. trials 7 30 2 8 47
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 28
Table 13. Average screenings percent (% < 2mm) as a simple mean in four states and the average
for all states for twelve oat varieties and two breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National
Oat Breeding Program, NVT Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA.
Variety
State All Zones
NSW SA VIC WA
Scr%
No. data
points Scr% No. Scr% No. Scr% No. Scr% No.
Bannister 8.8 26 9.5 107 4.2 9 13.1 91 10.8 233
Carrolup (tall) 11.9 24 11.0 95 5.6 9 19.4 91 14.7 219
Dunnart 6.2 27 5.6 95 3.4 9 7.5 91 6.5 222
Echidna 14.1 12 19.1 26 11.8 25 15.1 63
Kojonup 10.6 24 7.3 95 5.2 9 14.6 91 10.9 219
Mitika 6.0 27 5.9 95 5.2 9 11.4 91 8.4 222
Possum 6.8 27 5.8 77 3.4 9 9.3 70 7.3 183
Potoroo 14.9 24 16.8 77 7.0 6 19.7 70 17.5 177
03198-18 2.4 12 6.3 72 4.8 9 9.7 75 7.7 168
03216-35 3.2 12 5.6 72 3.5 9 10.6 75 7.9 168
06204-16 4.4 9 7.5 30 4.9 3 9.0 30 7.8 72
Durack (tall) 3.7 12 5.4 72 3.8 9 11.8 75 8.5 168
Wandering 9.8 24 10.8 95 2.9 6 13.2 91 11.6 216
Williams (tall) 10.7 23 11.9 99 5.2 9 15.9 87 13.4 218
Wombat 14.8 27 9.8 95 6.8 9 19.9 91 14.7 222
Yallara (tall) 7.4 28 7.4 95 3.6 9 10.6 91 8.7 223
Table 14. Average NIR protein (% dm) in four states and the average for all states for twelve oat
varieties and two breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT
Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chong You, SAGI.
Variety State All
Zones NSW SA VIC WA
Bannister 10.6 11.4 10.8 10.3 10.9
Carrolup (tall) 12.1 12.8 11.7 11.8 12.2
Dunnart 10.5 11.4 10.6 10.3 10.8
Echidna 10.7 11.6 10.7 10.5 11.0
Kojonup 12.2 12.8 11.8 11.7 12.3
Mitika 12.5 12.8 12.3 11.6 12.3
Possum 11.7 12.3 11.5 11.1 11.7
Potoroo 11.0 11.8 11.1 10.6 11.2
03198-18 12.8 13.1 12.6 11.8 12.5
03216-35 12.6 13.0 12.2 11.9 12.5
06204-16 12.1 12.6 11.8 11.5 12.1
Durack (tall) 13.1 13.2 12.8 11.9 12.6
Wandering 11.7 12.3 11.6 11.2 11.8
Williams (tall) 10.8 11.6 10.8 10.6 11.1
Wombat 11.5 12.3 11.4 11.2 11.7
Yallara (tall) 10.6 11.5 10.6 10.4 10.9
No. trials 7 31 2 30 70
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 29
Table 15. Average NIR oil (% dm) in four states and the average for all states for twelve oat varieties
and two breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT
Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chong You, SAGI.
Variety State All
Zones NSW SA VIC WA
Bannister 7.8 7.7 8.0 7.1 7.5
Carrolup (tall) 6.1 6.3 6.7 5.9 6.1
Dunnart 6.5 6.6 7.1 6.0 6.3
Echidna 6.5 6.5 7.1 5.7 6.2
Kojonup 6.2 6.3 6.8 5.9 6.1
Mitika 7.2 7.1 7.5 6.6 6.9
Possum 6.2 6.4 6.8 5.9 6.2
Potoroo 7.2 7.2 7.6 6.6 7.0
03198-18 7.1 7.1 7.5 6.6 6.9
03216-35 5.4 5.7 6.2 5.3 5.5
06204-16 6.3 6.5 6.7 6.6 6.5
Durack (tall) 7.1 7.0 7.4 6.5 6.8
Wandering 6.8 6.8 7.2 6.3 6.6
Williams (tall) 7.4 7.4 7.7 6.9 7.2
Wombat 6.7 6.8 7.2 6.3 6.6
Yallara (tall) 5.0 5.4 5.9 5.1 5.2
No. trials 7 31 2 30 70
Table 16. Average NIR groat percent in four states and the average for all states for twelve oat
varieties and two breeder’s lines (2010 to 2015). Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program, NVT
Programs in SA, Vic and NSW and CVT Program in WA. Analysis by Chong You, SAGI.
Variety State All
Zones NSW SA VIC WA
Bannister 72.2 71.1 72.0 71.2 71.3
Carrolup (tall) 73.9 72.5 73.6 72.8 72.8
Dunnart 72.4 71.6 71.9 70.6 71.3
Echidna 71.1 70.1 71.2 70.9 70.6
Kojonup 74.9 74.2 75.0 75.0 74.7
Mitika 73.8 73.3 73.5 72.7 73.1
Possum 73.4 72.8 72.7 71.1 72.1
Potoroo 71.4 70.4 71.7 71.7 71.1
03198-18 74.3 73.9 74.1 73.7 73.8
03216-35 75.4 74.3 74.8 73.6 74.1
06204-16 74.9 73.8 74.7 74.5 74.3
Durack (tall) 73.9 73.1 73.5 72.4 72.9
Wandering 71.3 70.3 71.6 71.9 71.1
Williams (tall) 70.4 68.8 70.4 70.2 69.6
Wombat 74.6 73.7 74.4 73.9 73.9
Yallara (tall) 77.1 75.6 76.1 74.5 75.3
No. trials 7 31 2 30 70
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 30
Table 17. Stem rust and leaf rust reactions for twelve grain varieties and two breeder’s lines in
South Australia and Victoria and in New South Wales.
SA and Victoria New South Wales
Variety Stem rust1 Leaf rust1 Stem rust1 Leaf rust1
Field Field Field Field
Bannister MR-S R MS-S MR-S
Carrolup (tall) S VS S S-VS
Dunnart MR-S MR MR-MS R-S
Echidna S S S S
Kojonup S VS S MS-VS
Mitika MR-S R MR-S MS-S
Possum MS-S MS S MS-S
Potoroo S S S MS-S
03198-18 S R MR-S MR
Durack (tall) S-VS R-S R-S MR-MS
03216-35 MS MS MR-S MR
06204-16 S R - -
Wandering S VS S VS
Williams (tall) MR-S R MR MR
Wombat MS-S MS MS-S MS-S
Yallara (tall) MR-S R MR-MS MS-S 1 Disease reactions from field trials conducted in SA, Victoria and New South Wales where R= resistant, MR=moderately
resistant, MS=moderately susceptible, S= susceptible, VS=very susceptible. Rust reactions may vary in different regions
depending on the prevailing pathotypes. None of these varieties are resistant to the Pga virulent pathotype of stem rust
which can be found in New South Wales, Victoria and parts of South Australia.
Sometimes there’s no substitute for hand weeding! Pictured are Peter Wheeler, Mark Hill and casual Hugh
trying to stay on top off the wild oat population at Turretfield in August 2016.
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 31
Table 18. Stem rust, leaf rust, BYDV and septoria reactions for twelve grain varieties and two
breeder’s lines in Western Australia.
Western Australia
Variety Stem rust1 Leaf rust1 BYDV2 Septoria1
Field Field Field Field
Bannister R-MR R MS S
Carrolup (tall) MS S MS S-VS
Dunnart MR MR MR S
Echidna S S MS S-VS
Kojonup R-MS S MS S-VS
Mitika MR-S R S S-VS
Possum MR-S MR S S-VS
Potoroo MS S MS S
03198-18 S R MS S
03216-35 MR MR MR-MS MR-S
06204-16 MS R MR-S MS-S
Durack (tall) MR-MS R-S MS-S S-VS
Wandering MS VS MR-MS S-VS
Williams (tall) MR R MR-MS MS
Wombat MR-S S MR S
Yallara (tall) MR-MS R MR-MS MS-S 1 Disease reactions from field trials conducted in WA where R= resistant, MR=moderately resistant, MS=moderately susceptible,
S= susceptible, VS=very susceptible. Rust reactions may vary in different regions depending on the prevailing pathotypes.
Table 19. Septoria, bacterial blight, CCN, stem nematode and red leather leaf (spermospora) disease
reactions for twelve grain varieties and two breeder’s lines grown in South Australia and Victoria.
Variety Septoria1 Bacterial
blight1
Red
leather
leaf1
CCN
R1
CCN
T2
Stem
Nematode2
Bannister - MR-S MS VS I MI
Carrolup (tall) MR MR-S S S I VI
Dunnart MS MR-S MS R MT MT
Echidna S S MS S I MT
Kojonup MR MS-S MS VS I MI
Mitika S MR S VS I I
Possum MS S MS-S VS I I
Potoroo S VS S-VS R MT MI
03198-18 S MR MS VS -- I
03216-35 - MR MR-MS R MT T
06204-16 - MS - S - -
Durack (tall) MS MR-S MS R MI-MT I
Wandering S MR-S MS VS I I
Williams (tall) - R MS S I I
Wombat MS MS MS R MT MT
Yallara (tall) MS MR-MS MS R I I 1 Disease reactions where R= resistant, MR=moderately resistant, MS=moderately susceptible, S= susceptible, VS=very
susceptible, 2 T=tolerant, MT= moderately tolerant, MI=moderately intolerant, I=intolerant
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 32
6. Long term hay trial results Tables 20 to 27 and 30 to 32 show the long term hay yield, hay quality, grain yield, and grain quality
of varieties in the hay series. Grain quality data is a simple mean for the five year period 2010-
2014. Tables for hay and grain yield and hay and grain quality by rainfall region were deleted but
tables have been added for hay quality by state. Tables 28 and 29 show the disease reactions of
current and new hay varieties in SA and Victoria and in WA. Please note: Stem and leaf rust
reactions reported for all oat varieties will vary by region due to genetic variation in the pathogen
population. A pathotype that overcomes most resistance genes for stem rust is now present in
southern Australia. Hence it is important to monitor oat crops for early detection of rust, so
fungicide applications can be applied to control the diseases.
The Breeding Program sincerely thanks AEXCO for funding the analysis of our hay yield and quality
data for their support of our breeding program.
6.1 Hay Variety Summary
ForesterAAAA
Forester is a very late hay variety adapted to high rainfall and irrigated cropping regions that was
released in 2012. It is seven to 10 days later than Glider, three days later than Riel, two days later
than Targa, and three weeks later than Wintaroo. Forester has excellent early vigour and is an
improvement compared to Glider. It has excellent lodging and shattering resistance.
Forester has an excellent foliar disease resistance spectrum. It is moderately susceptible to CCN.
It has good hay colour, but like all late hay varieties may not resist hot dry winds as well as earlier
varieties. Forester has excellent hay quality and is an improvement compared to Glider, Tammar,
Targa, and Vasse, but similar to Riel.
Seed of Forester is available from AGF Seeds, Smeaton, Victoria.
TammarAAAA
Tammar is a medium tall late variety that was released in 2012 and commercialised by AEXCO. It is
four to seven days later than Tungoo to cut. Tammar also has an excellent disease resistance
profile. It is moderately resistant to stem and leaf rust, septoria, BYDV, and bacterial blight.
Tammar is the first late variety available with resistance to CCN and SN, tolerance to CCN, and
moderate tolerance to SN.
Tammar has improved hay quality compared to Kangaroo. It has high crude protein and hay
digestibility with lower WSC than Mulgara and Brusher, but higher than Kangaroo.
MulgaraAAAA
Mulgara was released in 2009 and commercialised by AEXCO. It is a tall mid season variety with
excellent early vigour and good straw strength. Hay yield is lower than Wintaroo, but hay quality is
better than Wintaroo. Mulgara also retains good hay colour and resists brown leaf tipping. Grain
yield is similar to Wintaroo, but Mulgara has slightly better grain quality with the exception of high
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 33
hull lignin. The seed size of Mulgara is larger than other hay varieties and similar to Swan. Care
should be taken to sow this variety at the correct seed density taking into account its seed weight.
Mulgara has excellent disease resistance. It is resistant and tolerant to CCN and SN. Compared to
Wintaroo, Mulgara has improved leaf rust, bacterial blight, and red leather leaf resistance.
TungooAAAA
Tungoo was released in 2010. It is a medium tall mid to late season variety and seed is available
through AEXCO. Tungoo has an excellent disease resistance profile. It combines resistance and
moderate tolerance to CCN and SN. It also is resistant to leaf rust and the only variety with red
leather leaf resistance. Tungoo is moderately resistant to BYDV, septoria, and bacterial blight and
moderately susceptible to stem rust. It has the best combination of disease resistance compared
to all other varieties except Tammar.
Hay yield is slightly lower than Kangaroo, but Tungoo’s hay quality is an improvement compared to
Kangaroo. Tungoo has grain quality similar to Kangaroo, but the grain size is smaller resulting in
higher screenings. Tungoo has low hull lignin which improves feed grain quality.
BrusherAAAA
Brusher is an early-mid season hay variety commercialised by AEXCO. Brusher is a tall line about
three to seven days earlier to head than Wintaroo. It has good early vigour, but slightly less than
Wintaroo. Brusher has excellent hay yield in low to medium rainfall zones and has consistently
had excellent hay quality to match the yield. Brusher is an improvement compared to Wintaroo for
hay quality, stem rust, leaf rust, bacterial blight and septoria resistance. It is resistant but
moderately intolerant to CCN and stem nematode. Brusher has proved to be a popular variety in
the earlier regions of SA, WA, and VIC.
YallaraAAAA and Durack (WA02Q302-9)
See section 5.1
Birchip Field Day, September 2016
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 34
Table 20. Average hay yield (t/ha) for twenty one oat varieties and three breeder’s lines in three
states during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program. Analysis by
Luke Mazur & Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety New South
Wales
South
Australia
Victoria Western
Australia
All States
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 10.3 11.0 9.3 9.6 10.1
Brusher 10.1 10.8 9.3 9.3 9.9
Carrolup 10.0 10.2 9.4 8.7 9.5
Mulgara 10.4 11.0 9.4 9.2 10.0
Swan 10.0 10.7 8.8 9.8 9.9
Durack 9.9 10.4 8.8 8.0 9.2
Wallaroo 10.4 10.6 9.3 9.0 9.7
Wandering 10.1 10.6 9.2 8.9 9.7
Williams 9.6 10.4 8.8 8.6 9.4
Winjardie 9.9 10.1 9.3 9.1 9.6
Wintaroo 10.1 11.2 9.5 9.7 10.2
Yallara 10.3 11.3 9.4 9.3 10.1
05096-32 9.2 10.9 8.8 8.8 9.6
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 9.4 9.8 8.8 8.7 9.2
Forester 9.2 10.0 8.7 8.2 9.0
Glider 9.6 10.5 8.9 8.7 9.5
Kangaroo 10.1 10.6 8.9 9.5 9.8
Riel 9.6 10.5 8.9 9.0 9.6
Tammar 9.5 10.7 9.1 9.0 9.7
Targa 9.5 10.3 8.8 8.8 9.4
Tungoo 9.7 10.6 9.0 8.4 9.4
Vasse 9.7 11.1 9.2 9.8 10.1
No. sites 2 15 10 13 40
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 35
Table 21. Average grain yield (t/ha) from hay trials for twenty one oat varieties and three breeder’s
lines in three states during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program.
Analysis by Luke Mazur & Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety South
Australia
Victoria Western
Australia
All States
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 3.6 3.2 3.4 4.1
Brusher 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.7
Carrolup 3.0 2.4 2.8 3.4
Mulgara 2.5 2.2 2.6 3.0
Swan 2.2 1.8 2.3 2.6
Durack 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.4
Wallaroo 2.5 2.0 2.5 2.9
Wandering 3.4 2.8 3.1 4.0
Williams 3.5 3.0 3.3 4.0
Winjardie 3.0 2.2 2.7 3.4
Wintaroo 2.5 2.1 2.5 3.1
Yallara 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.5
05096-32 2.8 2.6 2.8 3.4
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 3.0 2.5 2.7 3.4
Forester 2.3 1.6 2.1 2.1
Glider 2.2 1.8 2.2 2.4
Kangaroo 2.5 2.0 2.4 2.9
Riel 1.9 1.5 1.9 2.2
Tammar 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.6
Targa 2.2 1.8 2.1 2.2
Tungoo 2.0 1.8 2.3 2.5
Vasse 2.8 2.3 2.6 3.2
No. sites 2 13 10 15
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 36
Table 22. Average hay quality for twenty one oat varieties and three breeder’s lines for trials
conducted in three states during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat Breeding
Program. Analysis by Luke Mazur & Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety Digestibility
(%dm)
WSC*
(%dm)
ADF*
(%dm)
NDF*
(%dm)
Crude Protein
(%dm)
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 64.4 25.5 29.6 51.6 8.4
Brusher 63.5 26.7 30.8 51.8 7.9
Carrolup 61.6 26.0 31.7 52.2 7.9
Mulgara 62.9 26.0 31.9 52.5 8.0
Swan 62.3 25.4 31.9 53.3 7.9
Durack 61.7 24.6 32.2 53.1 8.1
Wallaroo 62.7 25.6 31.7 52.7 8.0
Wandering 64.4 25.1 30.0 51.5 8.3
Williams 62.1 22.9 31.5 53.5 8.7
Winjardie 63.0 25.5 31.2 53.0 8.0
Wintaroo 62.1 24.6 32.3 53.3 7.9
Yallara 63.3 27.8 30.7 50.8 7.8
05096-32 62.2 23.6 32.5 53.5 8.0
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 66.8 27.3 28.2 49.2 8.5
Forester 69.2 27.7 28.0 48.6 8.5
Glider 63.2 23.0 30.0 52.9 8.2
Kangaroo 60.2 21.5 34.0 56.8 8.2
Riel 64.8 27.5 28.7 49.4 8.0
Tammar 62.6 23.8 32.4 54.4 7.9
Targa 65.9 25.3 29.0 50.2 8.3
Tungoo 63.1 24.7 32.0 53.8 8.3
Vasse 63.1 23.5 31.9 53.7 8.0
No. sites 30 31 31 32 24
*WSC=water soluble carbohydrates, ADF=acid detergent fibre, NDF=neutral detergent fibre
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 37
Table 23. Average hay digestibility (%dm) for twenty one oat varieties and three breeder’s lines in
different states during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program.
Analysis by Luke Mazur & Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety New South
Wales
South
Australia
Victoria Western
Australia
All States
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 59.8 64.1 65.4 65.9 64.4
Brusher 59.7 63.3 64.0 64.8 63.5
Carrolup 56.7 61.3 62.2 64.3 61.6
Mulgara 58.7 62.7 63.7 63.9 62.9
Swan 58.0 62.1 63.1 63.6 62.3
Durack 56.9 61.3 62.3 64.6 61.7
Wallaroo 59.2 62.5 63.3 64.0 62.7
Wandering 58.9 64.1 65.4 66.1 64.4
Williams 57.7 61.8 62.9 64.2 62.1
Winjardie 57.7 62.7 64.0 65.1 63.0
Wintaroo 57.0 62.0 62.8 63.3 62.1
Yallara 59.6 62.8 64.1 65.0 63.3
05096-32 57.5 62.2 62.8 63.3 62.2
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 63.3 66.5 67.9 67.1 66.8
Forester 66.8 68.8 70.5 68.5 69.2
Glider 59.7 63.0 64.0 64.2 63.2
Kangaroo 53.9 60.1 60.8 62.6 60.2
Riel 61.3 64.6 65.9 64.7 64.8
Tammar 57.4 62.4 63.4 64.0 62.6
Targa 62.9 65.5 67.0 66.6 65.9
Tungoo 58.7 62.8 63.8 64.6 63.1
Vasse 57.0 62.9 64.1 64.9 63.1
No. sites 2 15 10 3 30
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 38
Table 24. Average hay water soluble carbohydrates (% dm) for twenty one oat varieties and three
breeder’s lines in different states during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat
Breeding Program. Analysis by Luke Mazur & Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety New South
Wales
South
Australia
Victoria Western
Australia
All States
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 25.6 22.6 29.0 27.6 25.5
Brusher 24.3 23.9 30.5 28.5 26.7
Carrolup 24.5 22.6 30.5 28.1 26.0
Mulgara 24.0 24.2 28.7 26.9 26.0
Swan 23.7 23.1 28.7 26.3 25.4
Durack 22.6 22.6 28.2 24.5 24.6
Wallaroo 22.2 23.4 29.1 26.5 25.6
Wandering 22.9 21.6 28.7 28.4 25.1
Williams 21.5 20.3 26.0 24.8 22.9
Winjardie 23.9 22.4 29.6 27.4 25.5
Wintaroo 21.3 22.4 28.1 25.4 24.6
Yallara 26.9 25.4 31.7 28.0 27.8
05096-32 21.8 22.0 26.0 24.2 23.6
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 27.1 24.2 31.4 28.7 27.3
Forester 26.5 25.1 32.0 27.8 27.7
Glider 20.2 20.6 25.9 25.3 23.0
Kangaroo 18.6 18.6 24.5 24.8 21.5
Riel 25.8 25.0 31.5 27.9 27.5
Tammar 21.7 21.6 26.7 25.5 23.8
Targa 23.5 22.5 29.0 26.7 25.3
Tungoo 23.4 22.4 27.9 26.1 24.7
Vasse 20.2 21.1 26.5 25.7 23.5
No. sites 1 15 9 6 31
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 39
Table 25. Average hay ADF (% dm) for twenty one oat varieties and three breeder’s lines in
different states during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program.
Analysis by Luke Mazur & Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety New South
Wales
South
Australia
Victoria Western
Australia
All States
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 32.9 30.3 27.5 30.9 29.6
Brusher 33.9 31.1 29.1 32.0 30.8
Carrolup 35.3 32.3 30.1 31.7 31.7
Mulgara 35.1 32.4 30.2 33.0 31.9
Swan 35.9 32.0 30.6 32.9 31.9
Durack 35.1 32.7 30.8 32.5 32.2
Wallaroo 35.0 32.0 30.1 33.1 31.7
Wandering 34.2 30.5 28.3 30.5 30.0
Williams 35.5 31.8 30.1 32.2 31.5
Winjardie 35.0 31.4 29.6 32.4 31.2
Wintaroo 36.9 32.1 31.2 33.1 32.3
Yallara 34.1 31.2 29.0 31.6 30.7
05096-32 36.3 32.4 31.4 33.4 32.5
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 31.3 28.4 26.5 30.2 28.2
Forester 31.1 28.5 25.9 29.8 28.0
Glider 33.4 30.3 28.3 31.3 30.0
Kangaroo 38.1 34.2 32.7 34.7 34.0
Riel 31.9 29.1 26.8 30.8 28.7
Tammar 36.6 32.5 31.0 33.4 32.4
Targa 32.0 29.4 27.1 30.6 29.0
Tungoo 35.1 32.3 30.5 32.7 32.0
Vasse 35.7 32.1 30.4 33.1 31.9
No. sites 2 15 10 4 31
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 40
Table 26. Average hay NDF (% dm) for twenty one oat varieties in different states and three breeder’s lines
during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program. Analysis by Luke Mazur &
Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety New South
Wales
South
Australia
Victoria Western
Australia
All States
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 57.7 52.8 49.8 49.3 51.6
Brusher 57.9 53.2 49.5 49.8 51.8
Carrolup 59.4 53.8 49.8 49.3 52.2
Mulgara 57.7 53.6 50.8 50.7 52.5
Swan 59.3 54.5 51.7 50.9 53.3
Durack 59.5 54.2 51.6 50.3 53.1
Wallaroo 58.0 53.5 51.2 50.8 52.7
Wandering 58.7 53.1 49.2 48.6 51.5
Williams 60.0 54.9 51.6 50.9 53.5
Winjardie 59.8 54.0 51.2 51.0 53.0
Wintaroo 60.1 54.4 51.5 50.7 53.3
Yallara 56.1 51.9 49.0 49.1 50.8
05096-32 60.1 54.6 51.9 51.0 53.5
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 55.1 50.6 46.4 48.3 49.2
Forester 52.7 49.9 46.0 48.0 48.6
Glider 58.3 53.9 51.2 51.0 52.9
Kangaroo 64.0 57.9 55.5 53.1 56.8
Riel 53.3 50.4 47.2 49.3 49.4
Tammar 60.0 55.4 53.1 51.8 54.4
Targa 55.2 51.4 48.0 49.1 50.2
Tungoo 59.6 55.0 52.2 51.0 53.8
Vasse 58.7 54.7 52.4 51.3 53.7
No. sites 2 15 10 5 32
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 41
Table 27. Average hay crude protein (% dm) for twenty one oat varieties and three breeder’s lines in different
states during the period 2011 to 2015. Data courtesy National Oat Breeding Program. Analysis by Luke Mazur
& Chris Lisle, SAGI.
Variety New South
Wales
South
Australia
Victoria Western
Australia
All States
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 7.5 8.7 7.2 10.4 8.4
Brusher 6.9 8.4 6.2 10.7 7.9
Carrolup 7.3 8.2 6.5 10.3 7.9
Mulgara 7.1 8.4 6.7 10.5 8.0
Swan 6.6 8.2 6.4 10.8 7.9
Durack 7.3 8.4 6.7 10.4 8.1
Wallaroo 7.0 8.4 6.5 10.6 8.0
Wandering 7.5 8.7 7.0 10.4 8.3
Williams 7.4 9.1 7.5 10.6 8.7
Winjardie 7.2 8.3 6.7 10.4 8.0
Wintaroo 6.9 8.4 6.3 10.7 7.9
Yallara 7.1 8.0 6.6 10.4 7.8
05096-32 6.9 8.4 6.5 10.7 8.0
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 7.9 9.0 7.2 10.2 8.5
Forester 8.1 8.8 7.6 10.0 8.5
Glider 7.1 8.7 6.7 10.7 8.2
Kangaroo 7.0 8.5 6.9 10.7 8.2
Riel 6.5 8.4 6.6 11.0 8.0
Tammar 6.6 8.2 6.4 10.8 7.9
Targa 7.1 8.7 7.0 10.7 8.3
Tungoo 7.5 8.6 7.0 10.4 8.3
Vasse 6.8 8.4 6.7 10.8 8.0
No. sites 2 12 7 3 24
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 42
Table 28. Disease reactions in SA and Victoria and comparative stem diameter for current and new hay variety
releases.
VarietyStem
rust1 Leaf rust1 BYDV1 Septoria1
Bacterial
blight1
CCN
R1
CCN
T2
Stem
Nematode
R1
Stem
Nematode
T2
Red
leather
leaf1
Stem
diameter3
05096-32 R-S MS-S MS-S - MR S - - MI - MF
Bannister MR-S R MS - MR-S VS I - MI MS M
Brusher MS-S MR-MS MS MS MR-MS R MI MS I MS M
Durack S-VS R-S MS-S MS MR-S R MI/MT - I MS M
Forester R-S MR-MS MR-S MR MS-S MS MI S I R-MR MT
Kangaroo MS-S MS MR-S MR-MS MR-MS R MT MS MI MS MF
Mulgara MS-S MR MS MS MR R MT R MT MS M
Tammar MR-S MR MS MR MR MR MT R MT R-MS MF
Tungoo MS-S MR MR-MS MR MR R MT R MT R M
Wallaroo S S MS S S R MT MS MI MS F
Wandering MR-S VS MR-MS S-VS MR-S VS I VS I MS M
Williams MR-S R MR-MS MS R S I - I MS MT
Wintaroo S MS MR-MS MR-MS MR R MT MR MT MS M
Yallara MR-S R MS MS MR-MS R I S I MS MF1
Disease reactions where R= resistant, MR=moderately resistant, MS=moderately susceptible, S= susceptible, VS=very susceptible 2 T=tolerant, MT= moderately tolerant, MI=moderately intolerant, I=intolerant 3
F=fine, MF=moderately fine, MT=moderately thick, T=thick, VT=very thick
(Rust and BYDV reactions may vary in different regions and with different seasonal conditions depending on the
prevalent pathotype/serotype. Monitoring your oat crop is therefore essential.)
Table 29. Disease reactions in WA and comparative stem diameter.
Variety Stem rust1 Leaf rust1 BYDV1 Septoria1Bacterial
blight1
CCN
R1
CCN
T2
Red leather
leaf1
Stem
diameter3
05096-32 R R-MR MS-S MR MR S - - MF
Brusher MR-S R-MS MR-MS S-VS MR-MS R MI MS M
Carrolup MS S MS S-VS MR-S S I S M
Durack MR-MS R-S MS-S S-VS MR-S R MI/MT MS M
Forester R R-MS MS MS-S MS-S MS MI R-MR MT
Kangaroo R-S MS-S MR-S MS-S MR-MS R MT MS MF
Mulgara MR-MS MR MS-S MR-S MR R MT MS M
Tammar R-MR R-MR MS-S MS MR MR MT R-MS MF
Tungoo MR-S R-MS MR-MS MS-S MR R MT R M
Wallaroo MS-S VS MS S-VS S R MT MS F
Wandering MR VS MS-S S-VS MR-S VS I MS M
Williams MR R MR-MS MS R S I MS MT
Winjardie MR-S S-VS MS-S S-VS S S I MS M
Wintaroo MR S-VS MR-MS MS-S MR R MT MS M
Yallara MR-MS R MR-MS MS-S MR-MS R I MS MF1
Disease reactions where R= resistant, MR=moderately resistant, MS=moderately susceptible, S= susceptible, VS=very susceptible 2
T=tolerant, MT= moderately tolerant, MI=moderately intolerant, I=intolerant 3
F=fine, MF=moderately fine, MT=moderately thick, T=thick, VT=very thick
Note: Stem rust, leaf rust, BYDV & Septoria reactions are from WA trials, Bacterial blight, CCN & red leather leaf reactions are from SA trials
(Rust and BYDV reactions may vary in different regions and with different seasonal conditions depending on the
prevalent pathotype/serotype. Monitoring your oat crop is therefore essential.)
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 43
Table 30. Average physical grain quality characteristics for twenty one hay oat varieties and three
breeder’s lines (combined SA, Victoria and WA data), 2005 to 2015. Data are unanalysed means
from hay trials with two replicates per trial tested courtesy National Oat Breeding Program.
Variety Hectolitre
weight kg/hl
1000 grain
weight g
Screenings
%<2 mm
No.
obs.
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 49.2 31.0 15.0 34
Brusher 46.4 32.2 12.2 81
Carrolup 51.2 31.1 16.3 80
Mulgara 47.1 34.6 10.6 82
Swan 47.5 34.8 15.5 76
Durack 52.4 32.0 9.7 72
Wallaroo 46.7 32.6 17.4 80
Wandering 48.4 30.9 13.7 75
Williams 47.6 28.8 18.8 80
Winjardie 44.6 30.1 17.1 80
Wintaroo 46.9 32.5 17.6 81
Yallara 50.4 31.5 10.5 72
05096-32 49.5 29.4 9.0 39
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 44.6 28.2 16.5 105
Forester 43.1 31.4 8.3 37
Glider 40.9 30.6 16.0 35
Kangaroo 45.4 31.1 15.5 50
Riel 45.6 25.7 29.3 36
Tammar 44.7 34.8 22.2 51
Targa 44.6 28.5 12.9 14
Tungoo 44.3 33.3 19.9 49
Vasse 42.5 28.9 16.9 26
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 44
Table 31. Average chemical grain quality (measured using NIR) characteristics for twenty one hay
oat varieties and three breeder’s lines (combined SA, Victoria and WA data), 2010 to 2015. Data
are unanalysed means from hay trials with two replicates per trial tested courtesy National Oat
Breeding Program.
Variety NIR Protein
%
NIR
Oil %
NIR
Groat % No. obs.
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 11.6 7.8 71.1 34
Brusher 12.3 6.7 71.7 81
Carrolup 13.0 6.2 73.2 80
Mulgara 13.7 6.7 73.6 82
Swan 11.8 6.5 70.9 76
Durack 12.9 7.0 72.8 72
Wallaroo 12.0 7.4 70.6 80
Wandering 12.2 6.8 71.0 75
Williams 11.9 7.3 69.8 80
Winjardie 10.9 5.5 70.7 80
Wintaroo 12.5 7.2 70.8 81
Yallara 11.5 5.3 75.4 72
05096-32 12.0 4.4 72.4 39
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 12.0 5.8 68.7 105
Forester 12.8 6.0 69.0 37
Glider 13.7 5.6 68.8 35
Kangaroo 12.3 6.1 71.2 50
Riel 12.3 6.0 70.0 36
Tammar 13.1 6.5 71.3 51
Targa 13.4 6.4 66.3 14
Tungoo 12.8 6.5 70.2 49
Vasse 12.6 6.1 68.6 26
Oat Breeding Newsletter, October, 2016 Page 45
Table 32. NIR measured Minolta L, estimated metabolisable energy and hull lignin (2010-2015)
characteristics for twenty hay oat varieties and three breeder’s lines (combined SA, Victoria, WA
and NSW data). Data are unanalysed means from hay trials with two replicates per trial tested
courtesy National Oat Breeding Program.
Variety Minolta L Estimated ME
MJ/kg dm
Hull lignin No.
obs.
Early – Mid Season Varieties
Bannister 62.0 11.9 9.8 (high) 34
Brusher 60.1 12.5 4.6 (low) 81
Carrolup 62.3 11.8 10.6 (high) 80
Mulgara 63.1 12.2 8.8 (high) 82
Swan 60.2 12.5 4.4 (low) 76
Durack 62.6 11.9 10.5 (high) 72
Wallaroo 59.3 12.5 4.5 (low) 80
Wandering 64.0 11.7 10.5 (high) 75
Williams 63.1 11.7 11.1 (high) 80
Winjardie 61.2 12.4 3.5 (low) 80
Wintaroo 60.6 12.6 4.5 (low) 81
Yallara 65.0 11.7 11.0 (high) 72
05096-32 63.9 11.8 9.1 (high) 39
Mid-Late to Very Late Varieties
Eurabbie 60.6 12.2 4.3 (low) 105
Forester 63.7 11.7 8.6 (high) 37
Glider 62.0 12.2 5.3 (low) 35
Kangaroo 61.8 11.7 10.3 (high) 50
Riel 62.6 12.1 6.9 (low) 36
Tammar 60.8 12.3 6.2 (low) 51
Targa 63.2 12.0 8.7 (high) 14
Tungoo 61.6 12.4 5.3 (low) 49
Vasse 61.3 11.8 8.9 (high) 26