saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis Teatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo ... · saukeTeso Temis avtori. es gaxldaT...

saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis Teatrisa da

kinos saxelmwifo universiteti

studenturi qoreografiuli festivali

`terfsiqore~

2013 wlis samecniero konferenciis masalebi

qoreologiaSi

gamomcemloba `kentavri~Tbilisi 2014

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terfsiqore – cekvis muza, Zveli berZnuli miTologiis umSvenieresi saxe. xelovnebis mfarvelTa zevsis cxra qaliSvil, Soris erT-erTia, romelic `cekviT tkbobas~ qadagebs. qnariT xelSi terfsiqore dionises dResaswaulebis monawilea.

krebulis Semdgeneli _ anano samsonaZe (xelovnebaTmcodneobis doqtori, profesori, qoreograf-qoreologi)

krebulis redaqtorebi _ anano samsonaZe, salome SeTekauri koreqtori: manana sanadiraZe

damkabadonebeli: ekaterine oqropiriZe

© saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis Teatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo universiteti, gamomcemloba `kentavri~, 2014© Shota Rustaveli Theatre and Film Georgian State University Publishing House “Kentavri”, 2014

ISBN 978-9941-9375-0-7

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29-30 aprils cekvis saerTaSoriso dRis aRsaniSnavad (UNESCO-s dadgenilebiT, 1982 wlidan 29 aprils aRiniSneba cekvis saerTaSoriso dRe, romelic frangi baletmaisterisa da Teoretikosis _ jan-jorj noveris dabadebis dRes ukavSirdeba), SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis Teatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo universitetSi tardeba yovelwliuri studenturi qoreografiuli festivali `terfsiqore~.

pirveli festivali Catada 2013 wels da masSi monawileoba miiRes Tbilisis sxvadasxva universitetis qoreografiulma ansamblebma. Mmomdevno wlebSi igegmeba sauniversiteto qoreografiuli koleqtivebis CarTuloba jer respublikis, Semdgom ki saerTaSoriso masStabiT.

festivalis programa, sakoncerto CvenebebTan erTad, moicavs RonisZiebaTa kompleqss, romelTa Tematika studentTa qoreografiuli cxovrebis sxvadasxva aspeqts asaxavs: Tematuri fotogamofena, `vorkSopi~, qoreografiuli speqtaklis Cveneba da a.S.

festivalis prioritetuli mimarTulebaa qoreografiuli xelovnebis Sesaxeb samecniero kvlevebis wardgena konferenciaze da qoreografiuli Tematikis gamocemebis prezentacia. studenturi festivalis farglebSi samecniero konferenciis Catareba umaRlesi skolis qoreografia-qoreologiis mimarTulebis ganviTarebas, popularizaciasa da am dargebis avtoritetis amaRlebas emsaxureba. sakonferencio naSromebis Tematika mravalferovania da qoreografia-qoreologiis swavlebis

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samive safexurs (bakalavriats, magistraturasa da doqtoranturas) asaxavs.

2013 wlis konferenciis dasrulebisTanave gamovlinda saukeTeso Temis avtori. es gaxldaT III kursois studenti salome SeTekauri, romelic festivalis daxurvis saRamoze dajildovda specialuri priziT.

warmodgenili krebuli 2013 wlis `terfsiqores~ samecniero konferenciis masalebs moicavs.

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sarCevi

xatia diakoniZe – qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis II kursis studentimzisa da mTvaris kulti qarTul

xalxur qoreografiaSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Temur qurcikiZe – qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis IV kursis studentidaviT javriSvili . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

mariam WiaberaSvili – qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis II kursis studenticekva ̀ qarTuli~ saopero scenaze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

avTandil CubiniZe _ qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis I kursis studenticekvis naxazi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Tiko qoiava _ dramis reJisuris specialobis III kursis doqtoranti qoreografiuli speqtaklebis sadadgmo nawilSi Semoqmedis fsiqo-emociuri saxe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

salome SeTekauri – qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis III kursis studentisaqorwilo rutualebi saqarTveloSi . . . . . . . . . . 46

manana cincaZe _ qoreografiis istoriisa da Teoriis specialobis II kursis doqtoranticekvis kompania `Candoco~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Temur adeiSvili _ qarTuli cekvisa da sadadgmo xelovnebis specialobis I kursis magistranti

lekuri Tu qarTuli?! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

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xatia diakoniZe qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli

qoreografis specialobis II kursis studenti

xelmZRvaneli _ anano samsonaZe

mzisa da mTvaris kulti saqarTveloSi

uZvelesi droidan religiad mnaTobTa Tayvaniscema iyo miCneuli. iv. javaxiSvili wers „qarTveli eris istoriaSi~ `yvelgan, sadac qarTvelebs ucxovriaT, mTvaris Tayvaniscemis kvali SemorCenila. amis gamo mTvaris, viTarca mTavar meufis RvTaebis Tayvaniscema yvela qarTuli tomis rwmenad unda CaiTvalos~. qarTveli xalxis azrovnebaSi wm. giorgis mTvaris RvTaebis adgili ekava. amasTan dakavSirebiT sxvadasxva regionSi arsebobda astraluri kultebisadmi miZRvnili warmarTuli dResaswaulebi, Semdeg ki SeiTvisa qristianuli wes-Cveulebebi.

qarTveli xalxis azrovnebaSi wm.giorgis mTvaris RvTaebis adgili ekava. amasTan dakavSirebiT sxvadasxva regionSi arsebobda astraluri kultebisadmi miZRvnili warmarTuli dResaswaulebi, Semdeg ki SeiTvisa qristianuli wes-Cveulebebi.

strabons aqvs aRwerili nawyveti, romelic albanelTa sarwmunoebas exeba. warmarTul saqarTveloSi mefis Semdeg yvelaze gavlenian kacad qurumi iTvleboda. mTvaris xats Sewiruli ymebi hyavda. drodadro maT iWerdnen, gaasuqebdnen da mTavar RvTaebas – mTvares msxverplad Seswiravdnen. msxverplis Sewirvis wesi, rogorc straboni mogviTxrobs Semdegnairad sruldeboda: msxverpls samsxverplos winaSe daayenebdnen. erT-erTi qurumi, romelsac saRvTo saxvari hqonda Cabarebuli, xalxidan gamovidoda da Sewiruls guls ganugmiravda, iwyeboda qadagad dacema da mkiTxaoba. gvams daniSnul adgilas miitandnen da yoveli kaci fexs adgamda – gaviwmindebio. SemdegSi adamianTa msxverplad

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Sewirva gadavardnila, magram am wess mainc inaxavdnenn. xatisaTvis Sewiruli daecemoda da imis niSnad, rom viTom gulgangmirulia da mokvda yvelani fexs abijebdnen, is ki krints ar sZravda. TeTrebSi Semosili moTamaSe mona-qali cekvas iwyebda, xalxi qudmoxdili irgvliv idga da Sescqeroda,es qali RvTaebis – mTvaris monad iTvleboda da viTom misi Zala acekvebda. drogamoSvebiT qali gminvas gamoscemda, daikrunCxeboda, Semdeg isev gatacebiT uvlida da cekvavda. mocekvave qalis garSemo xSirad ferxuls Caabamdnen. es mocekvave qali qadagad daecemoda, es wesi bolo dromde alaverdobas kaxeTSi sruldeboda.

axla ganvixiloT TeTr giorgobis dResaswauli da SevadaroT strabonis zemoT moyvanil cnobas. sof.awyurSi, 14 agvistos saRamoTi qarTlidan, kaxeTidan, qiziyidan, TuS-fSav-xevsureTidan didZali mlocavi xalxi moiyris xolme Tavs. mosuli xalxi eklesiis galavans gars samgziT Semouvlis. win dedakacebi midian, ukan ki mamakacebi galobiT mihyvebian. „didebas rigrigobiT galoben: „dideba da RmerTsa dideba, wminda giorgi cxovelo,Sen salocavad movelo~. saRamos zaris xmaze xalxi eklesiisaken midis, erT-erTi monaTagani daecema karTan, yvela danarCeni, vinc taZarSi Sesvlas daapirebs, fexi unda daadgas mas. monaTagans, rac ar unda etkinos, xmis amoRebis ufleba ar aqvs. galavanSi Sekrebili xalxi qudmoxdili irgvliv dgas da mowiwebiT erT-erT, TeTrebSi SemosilmoTamaSe mona qals Sescqeris, igi TeTri giorgis xatis monaa da xati acekvebs. drogamoSvebiT qals gminva amouvardeba xolme da ikrunCxeba. xalxi, romelsac aRqma aqvs dadebuli, Sewiruli cxvrebiTurT mRvdels garSemo exveva, mRvdeli saRmrTos Sublze matyls Setrusavs da locvas ambobs: „wmindao giorgi, Seiwire saRmrTo monisa Senisa~. iqve diakvanic dgas, diakvanTan mlocavebi midian, romelTac yelze Sana aqvT Sebmuli da wminda giorgis monebad iTvlebian, maT gansazRvruli vadiT aRqma aqvT dadebuli da monobis asaxdelad salocavad midian. diakvani maT saRmrTos matyls SeWris da Sanas axsnis. TeTr tanisamosSi gamowyobili

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qalebi saydars CoqviT garSemo uvlian da Tan xelSi anTebuli sanTlebiT galoben. erT-erTi ki kviristaviT eklesiis garSemo bambis Zafs axvevs, raTa eklesiis midamoSi mTeli Rame cecxli enTos.

am or istoriaSi gasakviri isaa, rom strabonis mier mTvaris dResaswaulis aRweris Semdeg 19 saukune gavida,Tumca am or monaTxrobs Soris msgavseba bevria. strabonis monayolSi msxverplis rolSi Cayenebula adamiani, romelsac qurumebi zvarakad zrdian,xolo qarTul variantSi adamiani imyofeba xalxs Soris, romelic TiTqmis miaxloebula qurumebis ritualTan. orive istoriaSi msxverpls fexiT exebian, qarTul variantSi qurumebis nacvlad samRvdeloebaa moyvanili.

TeTri giorgoba 14 agvistos mwuxris dros iwyeba da mTeli Rame grZeldeba, Rames aq udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs, radgan TeTri giorgoba mTvaris xatobaa, mTvare ki saRamos mwuxris dros Cndeba caze.

zemoT moyvanili magaliTebidan Cans, rom maT Soris damTxveva marTlac bevria, amitom SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom strabonis mier aRwerili mTvaris xatoba saxecvlili TeTri giorgobaa.

kaxeTis garda, unda aRvniSnoT, rom aseTi ritualebi Semonaxuli aqvT xevsurebsa da fSavlebs, xatis mRvdelmsaxurTa weswyobileba. maT xevisberi hyavT TavSi, romelsac mosdevs dekanozi, xucesi, Solti da dasturi.

dekanozs sTxovs, rom gaigos wminda giorgisagan, Tu ra moelis momavalSi. dekanozi da qadagebi winaswarmetyveleben, qalebic da kacebic. aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom, strabonis TqmiT mTvaris msaxurebs winaswarmetyveleba SeeZloT, amitom SeiZleba es faqtic davukavSiroT am wyaros, aqedan gamomdinareobs is, romxevsureTSic da fSavSiac wminda giorgis xatoba mTvaris Tayvaniscemisa da msaxurebs naSTs warmoadgens.

raWaSi, kerZod sofel sorSi, aris „jaWvis~ monasteri wminda giorgis saxelobaze aSenebuli. soflis maxloblad

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tyeSi `gadafSis saydari~ dgas, am saydarSi rkinis mSvildisari devs, jaWviT da rkinis isriT. sorSi erTi didi xatoba „nacixuroba~ ician ,naaRdgomevis meoTxe kviras aris oTxSabaTi da dResaswauli grZeldeba sami kvira. saRamos vaxSmis Semdeg xalxi salocavisaken midis, wminda giorgis xatze loculobs, romelsac mRvdeli gamoabrZanebs xolme,paraklisis Semdeg ki Caebmebian ferxulSi da dilamde mRerian da cekvaven. nacixurobis dros xalxi RamiT uqmobs. nacixurobisas TeTri giorgis xatobisaTvis RamiT uqmoben imitom, rom mTvaris msaxureba da Tayvaniscema mxolod RamiT SeiZleba. sami sworisa da nacixurobis uqmobis Cveulebac mTvaris meoTxedis Tayvaniscemazea damyarebuli. am faqtebze dayrdnobiT SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom nacixuroba mTvaris Tayvaniscemis naSTs warmoadgendes.

sityva orSabaTi _ megrulad „TuTaSxa~, svanurad `doSdiq~ _ mTvaris dRes niSnavs. mTvaris, didebis aRsaniSnavad svaneTSic SemorCenili yofila erT-erTi dResaswauli lamproba. kvira dRes, xalxi, didiT pataramde, xelSi daiWerda anTebul aryis xis totebs, daniSnul adgilas rom mividodnen, anTebul totebs erTmaneTze awyobdnen da did cecxls gaaCaRebdnen. xalxi „didebis~ locvas da galobas daiwyebda, Semdeg simReriT saxlSi brundebodnen da orSabaTamde simRera _ TamaSs eZleodnen.

am magaliTebidan gamomdinare gamomaqvs azri, rom strabonis mier aRweril albanelTa wes-Cveulebasa da saqarTvelos sxvadasxva mxareSi gavrcelebul mTvaris an saxecvlilad wm.giorgis mimarT gavrcelebul ritualebs Soris damTxveva Zalian bevria. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im faqtsac, rom albaniis is nawili, romelzec starboni laparakobs iberiis mosazRvre adgili unda iyos da Tanac unda avRniSnoT, rom mxolod erTi taZari ar iqneboda, amaze darwmunebiT laparakic SegviZlia. Cemi azriT, es sxvadasxva taZari saqarTvelos sxvadasxva mxareSi mdebareobs da swored im adgilebs warmoadgens, romlebic zemoT magaliTebad moviyvaneT.

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qarTveli tomebi mTvaris gverdiT did pativs scemdnen mzes, Tavidan, rogorc aRvniSneT, mTvares pirveli adgili eWira, mzes ki meore. miwaTmoqmedebis ganviTarebasTan erTad mzis kultma nel-nela win gadmoiwia da Caanacvla mTvaris kulti. aRniSnulis dasadastureblad moviyvanoT magaliTi „saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebidan~, sadac vkiTxulobT: „odindeli uzenaisi RmerTis mzis didi kulti im xanas unda daukavSirdes, rodesac miwaTmoqmedeba sazogadoebis arsebobis umTavresi wesi gaxda, SemdegSi meurneobis am dargis dawinaurebas Tan unda mohyoloda mzis RmerTis deda RmerTis mniSvnelobis zrda.

`daiZine genacvale, iav, nanina,mze dawva da mTvare Soba, iav nanina!~am teqstis gaTvaliswinebiT Cans, rom mzes mdedrobiTad,

xolo mTvares mamrobiTad aRiqvamdnen.qarTul qoreografiaSi mnaTobTa Tayvaniscemis kvali

didad Cans, amis dadastureba ki SesaZlebelia, wrewreSi Casmuli ori wriT, romelic bevr cekvaSi gamoiyeneba,rac gamoxatavs mzisa da mTvaris moZraobas. mzisa da mTvaris saxelze Seqmnilia ferxulebi. mzis – lile da mTvaris – dideba, didebaTa da laJRvaSi.

didebaTa – Tavidan didebaTa ferxuli da misi warmoSobis safuZvli mxolod mTvaris Tayvaniscemas emsaxureboda, Semdeg ki, RvTaebaTa saerTo sadidebel ferxulad iqca:

dideba Senda rilgvaiaoqros samkauli rilgvaiadideba did RmerTsaxarebi gyavdaT Sesawiravirqebi hqondaT yvelas oqrosikudebi hqondaT moyvaniliyoCebi gyvdaT Sesawiravirqebi qondaT aprexilebiyelze ekidaT zarebi dideba _ qarTl-kaxuri qalTa ferxulia, igi ornairia

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_ Silduri da gavazuri. romelic warmodgenilia calke qalTa SesrulebiT, Tumca ar gamoiricxeba is faqti, rom calke mamakacebmac Seasrulon. Tu gavixsenebT javaxiSvilis mier sof.awyurSi TeTri giorgis xatobis rituals iq qalebi didebas galobdnen, naxsenebi iyo, rom maT ukan kacebi mihyvebodnen, amitom ar gamoricxav im faqts rom ferxuls kacebic asrulebdnen.

gavazuri Silduri dideba da RmerTsa dideba dideba da RmerTsa vadidebTpirvelad da RmerTi vaxsenoT pirvelad RmerTi vaxsenodda mere yovladwmndao is ufro didebuliawminda giorgi da ialTao da mere da yvela wmindadaiareba da mTa-mTaowminda giorgi cxeniTaxelSi uWirav da maTraxi cxeniTa mis da bedaursamaTraxi da sxvisa piruli xelSi uWiravs maTraximaspinZelo Cveno lxinoo maTraxi da sxvisa pirulmarnis kari giWrialebs wminda giorgi ialTaauxadi agvixadeo daiareba mTa-mTayeli CagvimaWrianeoRvTisa wyaloba gviboZgana marTla mTxovrebi varTopuriT agvivse kalTaqristes maxaroblebi varToRviniT agvivse marandideba da madli RmerTsao

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dideba da madli mamasRmerTs dideba Cven mSvidobaodideba da dabla dedassaqarTvelos damSvidebaodideba da RmerTs vadidebT.diddeba da RmerTsa dideba laJRvaSi – saxelwodeba „laJRvaS~ winamZRolis

mniSvnelobas atarebs. svani xalxi mas adidebda da Sesawiravs ugzavnida sjerodaT, rom Sromasa da brZolaSi is maT win miuZRodaT. svanebi laSqrobisas megzurobas da winamZRolobas wminda giorgis SesTxovdnen. amitom SeiZleba CavTvaloT, rom es wmindani igulisxmeba.

dideba Sendaoqros samkaulixarebi gyavdaT Sesawiravies xarebi iyvnen oqros rqebianikudebi qonda kai moyvaniliyoCebi gyavdaT SesawiraviimaTac rqebi qondaT dagrexilikudebi qondaT jiSiani msuqanixtodnen mTis wverebzesaxli gedgaT koSkianioqros zRudiT iyo garsSemortymuli.ferxuli lile – ferxuli lile svani xalxi am

ferxuliT adidebs mzes da xotbas asxams mas, ferxulis saxelwodeba uSualod mzis qalRmerTis,liles saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli:

dideba Senda rilgvaiadideba oqros samkaulodideba RmerTsaxarebi gyavdaT Sesawiravirqebi hqondaT dagrexilebikudebi hqondaT aprexilebiyvelaze ekidaT zarebi...qoreografiaSi am dResaswaulebma mniSvnelovani roli

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iTamaSa, maTgan warmoiSva bevri iseTi detali, rogoricaa wre-wreSi Casmuli wre. es varianti kargad Cans cekva farcaSi, rodesac qal-vaJTa wreebi keTdeba, isini monacvleoben erTmaneTis sapirispirod, am cekvaSi swored mTvaris da mzis monacvleoba aRiniSneba kargad.uyuradRebod ar unda daitovos is faqti, rom, arsebobs mosazreba cekva qarTulis Sesaxeb. rogorc viciT, es cekva qal-vaJis urTierT damokidebulebas warmoadgens, maTi aucilebeli piroba wreze svlaa, TuzemoT aRniSnul mosazrebebs gaviTvaliswinebT, vaJis qmedeba mTvaris, xolo qalis qmedeba mzis moZraobas aRniSnavs.

gamoyenebuli literatura:

i. javaxiSvili; `saqarTvelos eris istoria~, Tb. 1951. tomi •

1. gv.48-60

d• . janeliZe; `Teatris istoria~, Tb. 1983. gv.33-36.

a. TaTaraZe; `qarTuli xalxuri qoreografiis istoriis •

sakiTxebi~, Tb. 1999. gv.41-60

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Temur qurcikiZeqarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis

IV kursis studentixelmZRvaneli _ anano samsonaZe

daviT javriSvili

daviT javriSvili _ qarTuli mxatvruli tanvarjiSis erT-erTi fuZemdebeli, cnobili baletmaisteri da erovnuli qoreografiis SesaniSnavi mkvlevari. mas xSirad uwodebdnen qarTuli qoreografiis mamas, sportis ki jadoqars. mis saxelTan mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli qarTuli klasikuri qoreografiis ganviTareba, 80-mde qarTuli xalxuri cekvis gasceniureba.

daviT javriSvili iyo pirveli qarTveli, vinc qarTuli profesiuli cekva sazRvargareT gaitana. 1935 wels qarTuli cekviT inglisis dedofalic moxiblula, es yvelaferi ki swored am adamianis saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli. swored mas Camohyavs vaxtang Wabukiani saqarTveloSi. cnobil aRlumebs, romliTac sabWoeTi maSin yvelas aocebda,

daviT javriSvili dgamda. msoflioSi aRiarebulia, rom daviT javriSvilma erT-erTma pirvelma Seqmna cekvis notebi. misi wyalobiT, qarTuli cekvebis ileTebis aTasobiT kadri arsebobs. man kargad icoda, rom yvela detals xalxis mexsiereba didxans ver Semoinaxavda da pirvelma daiwyo qarTuli cekvebis fotoze dafiqsireba~. igi dakavebuli iyo eqspediciebiTac, man imogzaura eqspediciaSi, sadac didi Sromis Sedegad moipova (xorumi, ferxuli, kol-arma, kurt bari).

yvelaze meti masalebi mestiaSi aRmoCnda. 11 sacekvao

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ferxuli simReriT (giorgala, ramaida, ferxisa, Ceyaremsa, Saivodi, Samorera, Tamar dedfali, ferxuli, didebaTa, laSqruli, ra vqnasi, zemyrelo, monadiris simRera). sul 21 xalxuri sacekvao simRera, 11 cekvis 9 varianti, ai es simdidre moipoves.es masalebi ki gamoyenebul iqna opera ,,baxtrionisTvis~. udidesi saCuqari gaukeTa daviTma qarTvel ers da Semogvinaxa is uZvelesi cekvebi da simRerebi, romlebic dResac sruldeba. SeiZleba iTqvas, daviTma cekvas suli Caudga.

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mas hqonda profesiuli sportuli ganaTleba da sakmaod nayofier muSaobasac eweoda am mimarTulebiT. swored es iyo sawyisi, romelmac daviT javriSvili miiyvana qoreografiul xelovnebasTan da ocdaaTiani wlebidan ki mTlianad mieca am dargs. man, rogorc baletmaisterma, Tavisi dadgmebiT mniSvnelovani memkvidreoba dautova qoreografiul xelovnebas.

1919 wels mas agzavnian quTaisis vaJTa pirvel gimnaziasa da wm. ninos gimnaziaSi samuSaod. 1921 w. daviT javriSvili gadadis baTumSi da eweva uaRresad saintereso da mravalferovan sportul moRvaweobas. 1928 w. Salva TaqTaqiSvilis musikaze dgams antikuri xasiaTis mxatvrul-tanvarjiSul speqtakls `eladaSi~, romlis libretos avtoric TviTon aris. es iyo grandiozuli speqtakli da masSi oTxmocdaaTamde moswavlem miiRo monawileoba. swored am periodSi daebada azri daviT javriSvils _ Tavisufal varjiSebSi Seetana qarTuli xalxuri cekvis elementebi da varjiSebi Sesrulebuliyo musikis TanxlebiT, aseve urCevda misi maswavlebeli giorgi nikolaZe. sabaleto ileTebis Seswavla daiwyo, Semdeg ki xeli mohkida xalxuri cekvebis Segroveba-Seswavles.

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daviT javriSvili Tavisi codnis asamaRleblad qarTuli xalxuri cekvis sakiTxebSi aqtiur konsultaciebs gadis ivane javaxiSvilTan, awyobs eqspediciebs jer mTian aWaraSi, Semdeg ki svaneTSi. am eqspediciebis dros batoni daviTi adgilobriv mosaxleobas acekvebda ise, rogorc cekvavdnen maTi winaprebi, zepirad swavlobda yvela misTvis ucnob sacekvao elements, iwerda mocekvaveebis komentarebsa da axsna-ganmartebebs. firze aRbeWda uamravi masala. albaT, am periodSi moxda gardatexa masSi. is kidev didxans uTavsebda or profesias, magram sabolood, mainc qoreografiis siyvaruli sZlevs. cekvba xdeba misTvis yvelaze Zvirfasi _ sulis nawili. daviT javriSvilis TaosnobiT 1928 w. baTumSi daarsda qoreografiuli eqsperimentaluri studia, romelsac imave wels SeuerTda aWaris momReralTa gundi da am bazaze Seiqmna aWaris simRerisa da cekvis pirveli ansambli. im droisaTvis simRerisa da cekvis Serwyma xelovnebaSi axali sityva iyo, rasac SesaniSnavad gaarTves Tavi daviT javriSvilma da lotbarma mixeil kuxianiZem. am ansamblma 1936 w. saqarTvelos respublikur olimpiadaze pirveli adgili daikava da ufleba mieca koncertebi gaemarTa sabWoTa kavSiris sxvadasxva qalaqSi.

daviT javriSvili 1935 w. londonis saerTaSoriso festivalze qarTvel mocekvaveTa jgufs xelmZRvanelobda. es iyo pirveli gasvla sazRvargareT. amas mohyva 1951 w. berlinis saerTaSoriso festivali da 1955 w. varSavaSi gamarTuli axalgazrdobisa da studentTa V msoflio festivali, romlis xelmZRvaneloba gamocdil qoreografs miandes. saqarTveloSi arcerTi festivali, olimpiada Tu raime mniSvnelovani RonisZieba Catarebula, romelSiac daviT javriSvils Tavisi wvlili ar Seetana. olimpiadebis ukeT CatarebisaTvis man sainstruqcio-meToduri werilebic ki SeimuSava.

1937 w. moskovSi qarTuli dekadis warmatebiT Catarebis Semdeg, moskovis gamsaxkomis Tavmjdomaris gankargulebiT, qarTul operebSi mimdinare sezonSi unda Sesuliyo yvela Teatris repertuarSi, xolo daviT javriSvili `sapatio

18

niSnis~ ordeniT dajildovda.daviT javriSvili pirveli qoreografia, romelmac

saqarTvelos farglebs gareT, kerZod moskovis, peterburgis, xarkovisa da odesis operisa da baletis TeatrebSi ganxorcielebul qarTul operebSi cekvebi dadga. moiseevi daviTis Semoqmedebas munj poezias uwodebda, moiseevi bevri cdis Semdeg mainc dauaxlovda daviTs, roca repertuarSi qarTuli cekvebis Setana gadawyvita. man daviTi miiwvia, razec Tanxmoba miiRo, daviTma mas qarTuli da davluri daudga, mondomebul moswavleebs siamovnebiT aswavlida daviTi, mocekvaveebiT moxiblulma, maT xanjluri da mwyemsuric daudga, icoda daviTma, rom am ansamblSi qarTuli cekvebis dadgma popularizacias niSnavda, SeiZleba iTqvas, Tanamedrove eniT _ reklamas, marTlac, am ansambls Semdeg sxvebmac mibaZes da yvela daviTs Txovda daxmarebas, man dadga cekvebi multiplikaciur film argonavtebSi,jafaraSi da sxva.

1937 w. miiwvies moskovSi, did TeatrSi opera ̀ abesalom da eTerSi~ cekvebis dasadgmelad, 1945 w. ki _ am cekvebis aRsadgenad, 1937 welsve iwveven xarkovis operisa da baletis TeatrSi opera `demonis~ cekvebis dasadgmelad, 1941 w. odesis operisa da baletis TeatrSi opera ̀ daisSi~ cekvebis dasadgmelad. 1954 w. miiwvies sabWoTa kavSiris cekvebis ansamblSi (ig. moiseevis xelmZRvanelobiT) cekvebis dasadgmelad. 1952-1953 wlebSi ki xSirad imyofeboda moskovisa da peterburgis qoreografiul saswavlebelSi qarTuli xalxuri qoreografiis Sesaxeb seminarebis Casatareblad. daviT javriSvili rwmundeba, rom qarTveli xalxis qoreografiuli xelovneba warmoadgens mdidar masalas erovnuli sabaleto xelovnebis Seqmnisa da ganviTarebisaTvis da Tanxmdeba operisa da baletis Teatris miwvevas baletmaisteris Tanamdebobaze. es moxda 1933 w. da am Tanamdebobaze imyofeboda mTeli 20 weli. am periodSi dadga cekvebi operebSi: `abesalom da eTeri~, `darejan cbieri~, `qeTo da kote~, `samSoblo~, `patara kaxi~, `deda da Svili~, `kako yaCaRi~, `laSqari~, `lado

19

kecxoveli~, `baSiaCuki~, `deputati~, `Ralati~, `demoni~, `xevis beri goCa~, mzia~, `baxtrioni~, `iavnanam ra hqmna~. 1938 w. v. litvinenkosTan erTad dgams balet `malTayvas~, Salva TaqTaqiSvilis musikaze. es iyo pirveli qarTuli baleti Tanamedroveobis amsaxvel Temaze.

profesiul mocekvaveTa kadrebis Seqmnis mizniT 1934 w. TbilisSi xsnis ufaso qoreografiul studias, romelsac Semdeg SeuerTda maria perinis kerZo studia. 1935 wels es studia gadakeTda saxelmwifod da 1952 wlamde daviT javriSvili misi direqtori gaxldaT. Semdeg is Secvala vaxtang Wabukianma da 1957 w. mieniWa qoreografiul-sabaleto saswavleblis statusi da es saswavlebeli dRemde vaxtang Wabukianis saxels atarebs.

1936 w. qoreografiuli studiis ZalebiT daviT javriSvili dgams p. Caikovskis balet `maknatunas~ da samuSaod iwvevs evgeni miqelaZes da soliko virsalaZes. 1936-1937 ww. daviT javriSvili muSaobs dasavleT saqarTvelos simRerisa da cekvis ansamblSi qoreografiis nawilis xelmZRvanelad. 1944-1946 ww. ki SeTavsebiT muSaobs SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis Teatralur institutSi sasceno moZraobis kaTedros gamged, profesorad.

1952 wlidan moRvaweobs Tbilisis mxatvruli TviTmoqmedebis kulturul-saganmanaTleblo saswavlebelSi, igi iyo am saswavleblis qoreografiuli ganyofilebis damaarsebeli da organizatori da sicocxlis bolomde am ganyofilebas xelmZRvanelobda rogorc meToduri komisiis Tavmjdomare. daviT javriSvili iyo novatori xelovani. saqarTveloSi man pirvelma Cauyara safuZveli qoreografiis mecnierul kvlevasa da ganviTarebas. ocamde dabeWdili Sroma qarTul da rusul enebze _ aseTia Sedegi im samecniero muSaobisa, romelsac daviT javriSvili daucxromlad eweoda. man pirvelma dawera qoreografiuli fundamenturi naSromi `cekva qarTuli~. amas mohyva `mTiuluri cekvebi~, `qarTuli xalxuri cekvebi~, `qarTvel xalxTa cekvebi~ da sxva.

Cemi azriT, mTavari mainc aris naSromi `qarTuli

20

cekvis Casaweri pirobiTi niSnebi~, amiT xelovanma axali sityva Tqva qoreografiaSi, SeimuSava mTeli sistema qarTuli xalxuri cekvis Cawerisa, Seqmna cekvis anbani, anu pirobiTi niSnebi, romelTa saSualebiTac SesaZloa cekvebis `Cawera~ da mere misi `wakiTxva~. man Seqmna aseve am pirobiT niSnebTan erTad am niSnebis gasaRebic. swored am Sromis Sedegia klasikuri qarTuli xalxuri cekvis dRemde Semonaxva. is SeiZleba daidgas yvelgan da ar dakargos Tavisi elferi. man specialuri gamokvlevebi miuZRvna cekva `davlurs~, `ceruls~ da mravali sxva.

Cemi azriT, marTlac SesaniSnavi naSromia misi qarTuli cekvis Casaweri pirobiTi niSnebi, radgan vfiqrob, bevr sxva Caweraze metad gasagebia misi niSnebi qarTuli cekvisTvis. vfiqrob, marTlac udidesi wvlili Seitana am adamianma cekvis Caweris mxriv, da misca saSualeba Taobas da ara marto imdroindel Taobas, CaeweraT da SeenaxaT saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi uamravi cekva. nayofieri muSaobisaTvis daviT javriSvils jer mianiWes saq. xelovnebis damsaxurebuli moRvawis, xolo cota mogvianebiT saq. saxalxo artistis wodeba. miRebuli aqvs mravali jildo da madloba.

qoreografiul studiaSi TxuTmetwliani nayofieri muSaobis Semdeg xelovnebis saqmeTa sammarTvelo amowmebs studias, `aRmoaCens~ ra naklovanebebs, daviT javriSvils dauyovneblad aTavisufleben dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan sakuTari gancxadebis safuZvelze da mis magivrad niSnaven v. Wabukians.

daZabuli viTareba Seeqmna baton daviTs operisa da baletis TeatrSic. da ocwliani muSaobis Semdeg gaTavisuflebul iqna baletmaisteris Tanamdebobidan iseve sakuTari gancxadebis safuZvelze. amas mohyva janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebic. miuxedavad yvelafrisa, did xelovans far-xmali mainc ar dauyria da mTeli Tavisi niWiTa da energiiT CaerTo Tbilisis mxatvruli TviTmoqmedebis kultsaganmanaTleblo saswavleblis SemoqmedebiT cxovrebaSi.

daviT javriSvili metad gulisxmieri da yuradRebiani

21

adamiani iyo, romelic dauzarlad da yovelgvari angarebis garaSe exmareboda yvela maT, visac ki misi daxmareba sWirdeboda.

Cvens muzeumSi Semosuli masala baton daviTs Tavis moRvaweobis 50 wlis manZilze Seugrovebia da Seuqmnia. uamravi werili da Canaweri, fotomasala, naSromebi da mogonebebi.. es yvelaferi dasturia imisa, Tu rogor uyvarda mas Tavisi qveyana, Tavisi saqme da rogori didi pasuxismgeblobiT ekideoboda masze dakisrebul yvela movaleobas.

daviT javriSvili gardaicvala 1971 wlis 21 noembers.misi mTeli arqivi, SemoqmedebiTi masala, eskizebi,

Canaxatebi, kinofirebi, kostiumebi da memorialuri nivTebi 2009 wels gadaeca saqarTvelos Teatris, musikis, kinosa da qoreografiis saxelmwifo muzeums.

arsebobs daviT javriSvilze Seqmnili moklemetraJiani dokumentaluri filmi, romelic SegviZlia vixiloT Semdeg bmulze http://tbcartarea.ge/articles/view/170;

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yVJ1ka_46g

22

mariam WiaberaSvili qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis

II kursis studentixelmZRvanelebi _ anano samsonaZe,

ekaterine geliaSvili

cekva `qarTuli~ saopero scenaze

qal-vaJis urTierTsiyvarulze, maT Sinagan gancdebze,

saTuT grZnobebsa da raindul sulze agebuli cekva ,,qarTuli~ Cveni qveynis xalxuri qoreografiuli xelovnebis mSvenebas warmoadgens.1

cekva `qarTuli~ qarTveli xalxis Taviseburebebis, misi temperamentis, grZnobebisa da gancdebis pirdapiri anareklia. mis SinaarsSi originaluri da dasafasebelia is, rom mozRvavebuli grZnobebi keTilSobiluria, TavSe-kavebuli da mokrZalebuli.2

cekva `qarTulSi~ rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania, naTlad Cans qal-vaJis Tanasworuflebianoba, razedac brZanebs rusTaveli: ̀ lekvi lomisa sworia, Zu iyos Tunda xvadaia~. siwmindiTa da keTilSobilebiT `qarTuls~ erT-erTi pirveli adgili uWiravs yvela erovnul cekvas Soris.3

am cekvaSi Tavs iyris qarTveli xalxis qoreografiuli Semoqmedebis saukeTeso Tvisebebi. mas ar gaaCnia kuTxurobis niSani. es ki safuZvlad daedo mis dRevandel saxelwodebas _ `qarTuli~.4 B

bevri aRfrTovanebuli striqoni mieZRvna am cekvas. miuxedavad imisa, rom gasuli saukunis avtorebi cekvas `lekurs~ uwodeben, arc erTi ar uaryofs mis qarTul warmoSobas. cekva `qarTulze~, mis plastikur 1 TaTaraZe a. ,,qarTuli xalxuri qoreografiis istoriis sakiTxebi”, Tbilisis kulturis saxelmwifominstituti, Tb., 1999წ., gv. 1322 iqve, gv. 132 3 gvaramaZe l. ,,qarTuli sacekvao folklori”, meore gamocema, saqarTvelos kulturis saministro, Semoqmedebisa da kulturis centri, Tb. 1997 w. gv. 1714 TaTaraZe a. ,,qarTuli xalxuri qoreografiis istoriis sakiTxebi”, Tbilisis kulturis saxelmwifominstituti, Tb., 1999წ., gv. 153

23

gamomsaxvelobaze, am iSviaTad satrfilo poemaze, bevri daiwera da momavalSic bevri daiwereba.1

Cvens gansakuTrebul yuradRebas ki am cekvis, rogorc saopero nawarmoebebis erT-erTi Semadgeneli nawilis mniSvneloba iqcevs.

cekva ,,qarTuli~ gvxvdeba operebSi: ,,abesalom da eTeri~, ,,daisi~ da ,,qeTo da kote~.

sainteresoa is, Tu ra datvirTva hqonia mas am saopero dadgmebSi da ratom iyo gamoyenebuli? ra undoda kompozitors Tu reJisors, rom daenaxebina CvenTvis. winamdebare naSromi ki am sakiTxebis irgvliv garkveuli mosazrebebis gamoTqmis saSualebaa. rac Sesabamisi literaturuli masalebis Ziebis Sedegad ganxorcielda.garda amisa, Cvenze mniSvnelovani zegavlena moaxdina uSualod vizualur masalebze dakvirvebamac.

saopero, dramatuli speqtaklebis sacekvao scnebSi scenuri saxis simarTlis Cvenebas specifikuri Taviseburebebi gaaCnia. saopero speqtaklebSi xSirad aris gaSlili sacekvao scenebi, sadac baletmaisteri operis reJisoris Canafiqrs aviTarebs. igi valdebulia, marTebulad asaxos moqmedebis atmosfero, kidev ufro gamoavlinos moqmed pirTa saxeebi da maTi xasiaTis siRrme. saopero an dramatul TeatrSi cekvebis dadgmisas baletmaisteris amocanaSi, rogorc wesi, Sedis speqtaklis yvela plastikuri scenis gadawyveta. sruliad bunebrivia, rom reJisorTan erToblivi muSaobisas baletmaisteri exmareba mas dasaxuli amocanebis gadawyvetaSi. Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom baletmaisterma sacekvao epizodebSi, romlebic uSualod gamomdinareoben speqtaklis saopero da dramatuli scenebidan, ipovos gadasvla simReridan an sityvidan ise, rom am gadasvlam ar gamoiwvios mayurebelSi gaugebroba. rom saxe warmoSobili vokaluri Tu dramatuli xelovnebidan ar daimsxvres sacekvao Janrze gadasvliT.2

1 gvaramaZe l. ,,qarTuli sacekvao folklori”, meore gamocema, saqarTvelos kulturis saministro, Semoqmedebisa da kulturis centri, Tb. 1997 w. gv. 1712 e. geliaSvili, `baletmaisteris muSaoba qor. saxis Seqmnaze~, gv.56

24

erT-erTi xerxi, romelsac kompozitori Tanmimdevrulad mimarTavs – es aris sacekvao ritmebi saerTod operaSi. Zalian didi roli eniWeba Janrul-sacekvao ritmebs. cekvadoba msWvalavs mTel operas da aniWebs mas cocxal, swrafviT xasiaTs.1

swori iyo daviT javriSvili, roca brZanebda: cekvebi operebSi waagavs divertismentebso. amitom es rom ar momxdariyo, operebSi cekvebi unda yofiliyo misi organuli nawili da ara masSi SeWrili ucxo ram. mxolod damdgmel -reJisoris, mxatvris, musikaluri nawilis xelmZRvanelisa da baletmaisteris erTobliv muSaobas SeeZlo speqtaklis warmateba.2

amdenad, musika, dramaturgia da qoreografia SeiZleba Seerwyas erTmaneTs erT speqtaklSi, magram am SemTxvevaSi scenuri saxis Semadgeneli nawilebi unda iyvnen.3

sanam konkretulad operebze da maT avtorebze gadavalT, unda SevexoT am operebSi moqmed qoreografTa Semoqmedebas.

1933 wlis oqtombridan operis TeatrSi qarTuli operebis qoreografiuli nawilis xelmZRvanelad da qarTuli cekvebis damdgmelad miwveul iqna im droisTvis ukve sayovelTaod aRiarebuli baletmaisteri d.javriSvili.(failoZe-gv.98) man didi muSaoba gaswia qarTuli operebis gasamdidreblad. misi cekvebi asxivosneben z.faliaSvilis ukvdav operebs. Tu uwin saopero scenaze qarTuli cekva pirobiT stilizeburi ferebiT idgmeboda, axla is organulad aris damynobili xalxur sacekvao folklorze. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia `davluri~.4

qarTul operebSi d.javriSvilma pirvelma daamkvidra xalxuri folkloruli nimuSebis Teatralizeba, riTac saopero dadgmebi mravalfervani cekvebiT sanaxaobrivad 1 donaZe l. ,,viqtor doloZis Semoqmedeba~, gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba”. saqrTvelos respublikis kulturis saministro, Tb., 1991 w. gv.162 failoZe r. ,,SemoqmedebiT WidilSi ganvlili gza~ daviT javriSvili, monografia, Tb. 2000 w., gv.1083 e. geliaSvili, `baletmaisteris muSaoba qor. saxis Seqmnaze~, gv. 564 failoZe r. ,,SemoqmedebiT WidilSi ganvlili gza~ daviT javriSvili, monografia, Tb. 2000 w., gv. 102

25

mimzidveli gaxada.1

Zalze dasanania, rom qarTveli kompozitorebis operebi amJamad ar SemorCa repertuars _ `daisis~, àbesalom da eTeris~ da `qeTo da kotes~ garda.2

d.javriSvilma Tbilisis operisa da baletis TeatrSi 20 wliani muSaobiT yvela daarwmuna, rom qarTuli qoreografiuli xelovneba saopero xelovnebis RviZli da ganuyofeli nawilia, rom maTi urTierTSerwymuli muSaobiT qarTuli operebi Sinaarsobrivad saintereso da sanaxaobrivad mimzidveli gaxda.3

sanam baletmaister d.javriSvils 1933 wlidan Tbilisis operisa da baletis TeatrSi samuSaod miiwvevdnen, manamde Teatrs iliko suxiSvilis garda ar hyolia qarTuli cekvebis damdgmeli sxva maRalkvalificiuri specialisti.4

1929 wlidan qarTul saopero dadgmebSi qoreografad dainiSna im dros TeatrSi momuSave axalgazrda mocekvave iliko suxiSvili, romelmac mdgomareoba nawilobriv gamoaswora.5

qarTul operebSi, rogorc i.suxiSvilis dadgmuli cekvebi, ise mis mier lamazad Sesrulebiuli solo partiebi mayurebelSi gansakuTrebul aRtacebas iwvevda.6

moviyvan nawyvets i.suxiSvilis `mogonebebidan~.`1928 wels sanukvari ocneba amisrulda – z.faliaSvilis

`daisSi~ mimiwvies qarTulis sacekvaod. sul male wamyvan solistad maRiares. opera gaxda Cemi suli da guli, Cemi saxli, saarsebo kera, sicocxlis mizani. Aager maqvs imdroindeli dabeWdili Cemi programa warweriT: òperis Teatris premieri, 1929~

male àbesalom da eTerSic~ momces solo partiebi. Ppartniorobas nino ramiSvili miwevda. sul cota xanSi Cemi da ninos sacekvao dueti monawileobas iRebda TiTqmis

1 iqve gv. 1252 iqve gv. 1253 iqve gv. 1284 iqve gv. 955 iqve gv. 976 iqve gv. 97

26

yvela dadgmaSi~.1

kidev erTi gamoCenili qarTveli qoreografi, romelic moRvaweobda am sferoSi, iyo jano bagrationi. O

opera ,,abesalom da eTerze~ muSaobisas d. javriSvilma SeniSna Tavisi mowafis j.bagrationis qoreografiiT gansakuTrebuli daintereseba da mokle xanSi masve dauTmo saopero studiis qoreografis adgili, romelmac pirnaTlad ganagrZo sayvareli pedagogis saqmianoba.2 M

man 1933 wels daiwyo muSaoba Tbilisis operisa da baletis TeatrSi qarTuli cekvebis solistad. dRemde siamovnebiT igoneben mis mier erovnul operebSi Sesrulebul cekvebs.3

didia jano bagrationis Rvawli Tbilisis operisa da baletis winaSe, Rvawli mocekvavisa, cekvebis Tanadamdgmelisa, qoreografisa. roca gulis kankaliT ityoda xolme – Teatri – Cemi siyvarulio, unda icodeT es siyvaruli z.faliaSvilis musikidan iRebs saTaves, es siyvaruli `abesalom da eTeridan~ iwyeba.4

z.faliaSvilis saukeTeso operebi ` abesalom da eTeri~ da `daisi~ qarTuli musikaluri xelovnebis yvelaze mniSvnelovani nawarmoebebia. maTSi mTeli sisruliTa da brwyinvalebiT gamovlinda z.faliaSvilis SemoqmedebiTi geniis mravalmxrivoba.5

upirveles yovlisa unda aRiniSnos, rom z.faliaSvils winamorbedni ara hyolia qarTuli operis SeqmnaSi, man Tavisi didi Senobis ageba sruliad yamier niadagze daiwyo.6

1919wlis 21 Tebervald Tbilisis operis Teatris scenaze daidga `abesalom da eTeri~. Aai SemsrulebelTa

1 i.suxiSvili, mogonebebi, gv. 13-142 failoZe r. ,,SemoqmedebiT WidilSi ganvlili gza~ daviT javriSvili, monografia, Tb. 2000 w., gv. 1053 j. bagrationi, Tb. 1972 w., gv. 34 gogolaSvili v. ,,jano bagrationi~, gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba~, Tb. 1982w., gv 120-1215 donaZe l. CijavaZe o. CxikvaZe g. ,,qarTuli musikis istoria~, wigni pirveli. Tb. 1990 w., gamomcemloba ,,ganaTleba~, gv. 2396 zurabiSvili i. ,,zaqaria faliaSvilis opera ,,abesalom da eTeri~, teqgamomcemloba ,,teqnika daSroma~, Tb. 1941 w., gv. 48

27

pirveli Semadgenlobac:Aabesalomi – b.zalipski eTeri – o.a. baxutaSvili-Sulgina murmani – s.inaSvili abio mefe – g.qurxuli naTela – o.morozova marixi – graneli dedinacvali – T.gurji naana – s.mandenova beliar eSmaki – v.lorTqifaniZe Tandaruxi – a.WumburiZe

baleti – baletm. vakarecis xelmZRvanelobiT da prima-balerina bauerzaqsis monawileobiT. Ddadgma ganaxorciela a.r wuwunavam (reJisori a.d belski) mxatvrulad gaaforma zalcmanma. libretos avtori _ p.mirianaSvili. operas diriJorobda z. faliaSvili.1

mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi idgmeboda ,,abesalom da eTeris~ sxvadasxva variantebi. icvlebodnen reJisorebi, Semsruleblebi da operis sxva monawile pirebi.

dadgmebSi didi warmatebiT monawileobda saxelganTqmuli mocekvave, qarTuli dramis msaxiobi elo andronikaSvili, romelsac xalxi taSis grialiT egebeboda.2

èlo andronikaSvili iyo cocxali niWis msaxiobi qali. ganswavluli da didi qarTveli patrioti~ – es sityvvebi ekuTvnis Cveni drois did mweralsa da sazogado moRvawe Salva dadians.

cnobili sazogado moRvawe mandilosnis _ Tamar maWavarianis TqmiT, opera àbesalom da eTeris~ premieraSi da pirvel warmodgenebSi cekva qarTuls elo asrulebda.(avtori givi jaoSvili, muzeumi.statia)

saWirod vTvli mimovixilo àbesalom da eTeris~ Sinaarsi, raTa gavixsenoT, romel moqmedebaSi gamoiyeneba cekva `qarTuli~ da ra datvirTva aqvs mas.

1 kaSmaZe S. ,,Tbilisis operisa da baletis Teatri~, nawili pirveli 1851-1921 w.w., gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba~, Tb. 1950 w., gv. 419-4202 iqve, gv. 421-422

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mefiswuli abesalomi nadirobisas obol gogonas, eTers Sexvdeba, danaxvisTanave Seiyvarebs, sasaxleSi waiyvans da sacoled gamaoacxadebs. eTeris silamaze vezir murmans mosvenebas daukargavs. is patarZals saqorwino saCuqrad Selocvil yelsabams miarTmevs. yelsabami eTers iseT sens Sehyris, murmanis garda rom veravin gankurnavs. abesalomi eTeris tanjvas ver uZlebs da uars ambobs masze, gaxarebuli murmani qals jadosgan aTavisuflebs da colad irTavs. eTerTan ganSoreba abesaloms loginad Caagdebs, siyvdilis win murmans eTeris naxvas sTxovs da satrfos mklavebSi kvdeba. sasowarkveTili eTeri Tavs iklavs.

nawarmoebis siuJeturi xazi 4 moqmedebis manZilze viTardeba. pirveli moqmedeba – siyvarulis Casaxva, meore – saqorwino nadimi, mesame – ganSoreba, meoTxe – gmirebis sikvdili.1

yvelaze saintereso meore moqmedebaa, sadac saqorwino nadimze sruldeba cekva qarTuli.

es sabaleto nomeri aramarto Cinebuli sacekvaoa, aramed agreTve saucxoo simfoniuri musikaa. gansakuTrebiT `lekuria~ mdidari mravali musikaluri figuraciiT.2

cekvebs, romlebic amTavrebs meore aqts, didi mravalferovneba Seaqvs sazeimo-sadResaswaulo ganwyobilebaSi. cincxal, mCqefare `qarTuls~ kontrastulad upirispirdeba neli `mirzaia~ _ qalTa natifi cekva qalaqur stilSi. moqmedebas ki kvlav `qarTuli~ amTavrebs.3

`lekuris~ mkvircxli ritmi da musikaluri ̀ CuqurTmebi~ da ̀ mirzaias~ salivlivo mimoxvris Sesabamisi figuraciebi, aSkarad gviCvvenebs, rom z.faliaSvilis mxatvrul xilvas naTlad warmodgenili hqonda am orive cekvis buneba _

1 donaZe l. CijavaZe o. CxikvaZe g. ,,qarTuli musikis istoria~, wigni pirveli. Tb. 1990 w., gamomcemloba ,,ganaTleba~, gv. 1732 zurabiSvili i. ,,zaqaria faliaSvilis opera ,,abesalom da eTeri~, teqgamomcemloba ,,teqnika da Sroma~, Tb. 1941 w., gv. 1023 donaZe l. CijavaZe o. CxikvaZe g. ,,qarTuli musikis istoria”, wigni pirveli. Tb. 1990 w., gamomcemloba ,,ganaTleba”, gv. 191

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garegani formac da ideuri Sinaarsic.1

`abesalom da eTeri~ – uaRresad mTliani nawarmoebia rogorc Tavisi formiT, ise stiliT. Ooperis Rrmad emociuri Sinaarsi plastikurad gamokveTil musikalur saxeebSia gadmocemuli.2

z. faliaSvilis meore opera – `daisi~ qarTuli musikaluri xelovnebis Zvirfasi monapovaria.3

`abesalom da eTerisgan~ gansxvavebiT, `daisis~ siuJeti realuri sinamdvilidan aris aRebuli. Mmoqmedeba warmoebs daaxloebiT me-18 saukunis meore naxevarSi.4

opera ̀ daisi~ sammoqmedebiania. Ppremiera Sedga TbilisSi 1923 wlis 19 dekembers. Llibretos avtori _ valerian gunia. reJisori – k.andronikaSvili. operaSi sruldeboda baleti: `guruli ferxuli~ da ~lekuri~. Mmoqmedni pirni iyvnen:

maro – e.m. popovamalxazi – i.p. sarajiSvilinano – b.d. neimanikiazo – i.m. kriJanovski cangala – l.a. iseckitito – g.d. TumaniSvili`daisSi~ ver SevxvdebiT `saopero interiers~. mTeli

lirikuli drama Ria cis qveS mimdinareobs, xatobis dResaswaulis xalisian atmosferoSi. xalxuri cekvebisa da Janruli scenebis feradovan fonze.5

I moqmedeba soflis saeklesio dResaswaulze – xatobaze xdeba. nano _ erT-erTi gmiri _ elis mis dawyebas, misi megobari maro ki mowyenilia, radgan didi xania araferi esmis satrfosgan – malxazisgan. maro Tavisi nebis winaaRmdeg daniSnulia asisTav kiazoze. Semdeg nano maros malxazis

1 zurabiSvili i. ,,zaqaria faliaSvilis opera ,,abesalom da eTeri~, teqgamomcemloba ,,teqnika daSroma~, Tb. 1941 w., gv. 1032 donaZe l. CijavaZe o. CxikvaZe g. ,,qarTuli musikis istoria~, wigni pirveli. Tb. 1990 w., gamomcemloba ,,ganaTleba~ gv. 2093 iqve, gv. 2134 iqve, gv. 2135 iqve, gv. 213

30

Camosvlas amcnobs. Sexvedrisas malxazi maros ambavs igebs. dResaswaulze iwyeba cekva, nanos wreSi malxazi Sehyavs. maTi cekvis scena gamorCeulia imiT, rom es scena xels uwyobs gmiris saxis gaxsnas. realurad es Seyvarebuli wyvilia, romelTa urTierTobis mdgomareobac analogiuria cekva `qarTulis~ Sinaarsis. am SemTxvevaSi cxovrebiseuli da scenuri simarTle erTmaneTs emTxveva.

II moqmedeba eklesiis ezoSi grZeldeba. kiazo cangalasgan igebs marosa da malxazis Sexvedris ambavs, is SurisZiebis grZnobiT Rvinos eZaleba. moulodnelad gangaSi iwyeba, samSoblos mteri Semoesia.

III moqmedebaSi brZola xdeba kiazosa da malxazs Soris, radgan maro aRar malavs Tavis grZnobebs. kiazo maxviliT gangmiravs malxazs. maro dastiris satrfos, kiazo ki samSoblos dasacavad miemarTeba.

`daisi~ Zalze mniSvnelovani etapi iyo z. faliaSvilis SemoqmedebiT evoluciaSi, aramed saopero Teatris istoriaSi.1

z.faliaSvilma stimuli misca zogierTi sxva Janris (mag. sabaleto da simfoniuris) ganviTarebas.2

qarTuli musikis istoriaSi didi adgili ukavia aseve viqtor doliZis Semoqmedebas. igi qarTvel kompozitorTa pirveli Taobis warmomadgenelia.

1919 wlis 11 dekembers daidga viqtor doliZis komikuri opera `qeTo da kote~ mas safuZvlad daedo a.cagarelis cnobili komedia `xanuma~. operis libreto ZiriTadad TviTon doliZem dawera. es dadgmac a.r. wuwunavam ganaxorciela, diriJorobda s.stolermani. Semsruleblebad gamovidnen: kalandaZe – aRasovisa (qeTo), rogaCevski (kote), TarxniSvili (levani), isecki (makari), Seludkovskaia da ovsianikova (barbare da babusi), g.qorxuli (saqo), kurbatovi (siko).

`qeTo da kotes~ araCveulebrivi sasceno istoria aqvs, misi popularoba avtoris sicocxleSi saqarTvelos

1 donaZe l. CijavaZe o. CxikvaZe g. ,,qarTuli musikis istoria~ wigni pirveli. Tb. 1990 w., gamomcemloba ,,ganaTleba~ gv. 2352 iqve, gv. 243

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farglebs gascilda.1 operaSi didi roli akisria sacekvao ritmebs – qarTuls,

mazurs, valss, sacekvao sawyisiT gamsWvalulia operis TiTqmis musikaluri qsovili, rac masSi cocxal komediur pulss qmnis.2

sacekvao ritmebi aramarto sadivertismento scenebSia gamoyenebuli, aramed moqmed pirTa daxasiaTebis erT-erT ZiriTad saSualebas warmoadgens (gv.14). Aaqve unda aRiniSnos operis musikis mkveTrad Teatraluri xasiaTi da misi saxeebis scenuroba da kolorituroba; Janrul-sacekvao ritmebis siuxve da suraTovneba.3

Oopera sammoqmedebiania. Ppirvel moqmedebaSi Tavad levan falavandiSvilis saxlSi wveulebaa, maWankali babusi cdilobs levans vaWar makaris gogo qeTo gaurigos. levans mogzaurobidan Zmiswuli kote ewveva. kote etyvis, rom colis moyvana unda da gaigebs, rom biZamisic imave qals irTavs, Tavzardacemuli kote, maWankal barbares sTxovs daxmarebas.

meore moqmedebaSi sapatarZlos naxvis dRea, sapatarZlos magivrad maWankali barbale aris mopranWuli, levani ki amiT Seuracxyofilia.

mesame moqmedebaSi qeTo da kote barbares daxmarebiT jvars iweren, rodesac levani darbazSi gaigebs am ambavs, aRar brazobs da mamulis naxevars Cuqnis Tavis Zmiswuls, yvelaferi saerTo mxiarulebiT sruldeba.

swored am bolo moqmedebaSi aris gamoyenebuli cekva `qarTuli~. darbazSi sruldeba evropuli da qarTuli cekvebi es Janruli formebi – (marSi, cekvebi) aq ara efeqturi Teatraluri fonis Seqmnas emsaxureba, aramed dramaturgiul funqcias asrulebs – asuraTebs da axasiaTebs maSindeli `maRali sazogadoebis~ cru medidurobasa da fuqsavatobas. gansakuTrebiT mimzidvvelia cekva ̀ qarTuli~ Tavisi msubuqi, swrafviTi moZraobiTa da kolorituli

1 donaZe l. ,,viqtor doloZis Semoqmedeba~ gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba~. saqrTvelos respublikis kulturis saministro, Tb. 1991 w., gv. 82 iqve, gv. 143 iqve, gv. 15

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instrumentobiT. swored moqmedebis originaluroba da ganviTarebis logikuroba ganasxvavebs am scenas sxva scenebisagan.

`qeTo da kote~ ukvSirdeba italiur operas – sxarti da maxvili melodiuri frazebis daJinebuli ganmeorebiT.1

maRalniWieri kompozitoris viqtor doliZis SemoqmedebiTi memkvidreobidan, yvelaze Zlieri da mimzidveli aRmoCnda misi pirveli nawarmoebi – ̀ qeTo da kote~. Oopera dRemde Seunelebeli warmatebiT sargeblobs.

daskvnaes naSromi da konkretulad, TiToeul mopovebul

masalaze muSaoba Zalze saintereso aRmoCnda. naSromis mizani iyo codnis gaRrmaveba operis scenaze dadgmul cekva `qarTulze~ da aseve moZiebuli sakiTxebis gaziareba mkiTxvelTaTvis. Tu es Tema gamoiwvevs interess mkiTxvelTa da msmenelTa Soris amiT kidev ufro gaRvivdeba naperwkali SeqmoqmedebiTi interesisa.

1 donaZe l. ,,viqtor doloZis Semoqmedeba~, gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba~. saqrTvelos respublikis kulturis saministro, Tb. 1991 w., gv. 18

33

gamoyenebuli literatura

TaTaraZe a. ,,qarTuli xalxuri qoreografiis istoriis 1.

sakiTxebi~, Tbilisi 1999. Tbilisis kulturis saxelmwifo

instituti.

gvaramaZe l. ,,qarTuli sacekvao folklori~, meore 2.

gamocema, Tbilisi 1997. saqarTvelos kulturis saministro,

Semoqmedebisa da kulturis centri.

failoZe r. ,,SemoqmedebiT WidilSi ganvlili gza~ daviT 3.

javriSvili, monografia. Tbilisi 2000. redaqtori _

konstantine (kowo) manjgalaZe

donaZe l. CijavaZe o. CxikvaZe g. ,,qarTuli musikis istoria~, 4.

wigni pirveli. Tbilisi 1990, gamomcemloba ,,ganaTleba~.

redaqtori _ g.toraZe.

donaZe l. ,,viqtor doloZis Semoqmedeba~, Tbilisi 1991, 5.

gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba~. saqrTvelos respublikis

kulturis saministro.

kaSmaZe S. ,,Tbilisis operisa da baletis Teatri~, nawili 6.

pirveli, 1851-1921, Tbilisi 1950, gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba~.

zurabiSvili i. ,,zaqaria faliaSvilis opera ,,abesalom da 7.

eTeri~, teqgamomcemloba ,,teqnika daSroma~, Tbilisi 1941.

gogolaSvili v. ,,jano bagrationi’’, gamomcemloba ,,xelovneba~, 8.

Tbilisi 1982 (gv114-124)

bagrationi j. Tbilisi 1972 (gv. 3)9.

iliko suxiSvili _ mogonebebi10.

geliaSvili e. ,,baletmaisteris muSaoba qoreogarafiuli 11.

saxis Seqmnaze~

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avTandil CubiniZe qarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis

specialobis II kursis studenti

xelmZRvanelebi _ uCa dvaliSvili ana RviniaSvili

cekvis naxazi

Cven vcekvavT, imitom, rom gvinda gavimdidroT Sinagani

samyaro, miviRoT dadebiTi emociebi da gamoviwvioT garSemomyofTa simpaTiebi. cekva gvaZlevs fsiqikis Tavisuflebas, gvaTavisuflebs nebismieri stresisgan.

jer kidev Zvel droSi TviTon cxovreba karnaxobda cekvis Sinaarss da aqedan gamomdinare, TavisTavad iqmneboda naxazi. ZiriTadad es iyo: monadiruli, mxedruli, totemuri, religiur-ritualuri cekvebi. droTa ganmavlobaSi primitiuli ritmuli moZraobebi ixveweboda, viTardeboda da Rebulobda srulyofil qoreografiul saxes. qoreografiiT dainteresebuli adamianebi cdilobdnen SeeqmnaT cekvis Caweris sxvadasxvagvari sistemebi, rac uZvelesi droidan fiqsirdeba da SemdgomSi ukve saukuneebis manZilze ixveweboda.Zvelad sacekvao kulturis Camoyalibebis periodSi, monadire plastikuri moZraobebiT baZavda mxecebis moqmedebebs, mogviTxrobda, Tu rogor epareboda mas, rogor ebrZoda da imarjvebda. amas yvelafers igi gadmogvcemda gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualebebiT, maT Soris cekvis naxazis gamoyenebiT, romelic iyo erT-erTi gamomsaxvelobiTi xerxi. Zvel droSi gansakuTrebiT ganviTarebuli iyo cekvis naxazi, Tumca xSirad igi ar iyo winaswar gaazrebuli. Zveli mocekvaveebi, rogorc aristotele aRniSnavda, ritmuli moZraobebis meSveobiT gamoxatvdnen xasiaTs, sulier mdgomareobas da moqmedebasac. cekvis naxazi _ es aris, mocekvaveTa ganlageba da gadaadgileba sacekvao moedanze. Tu Tvalyurs vadevnebT mocekvaveebis ara moZraobebs, aramed gadaadgilebas sacekvao

35

moedanze, xolo Semdeg davafiqsirebT am monacemebs furcelze, miviRebT cekvis naxazs. cekvis naxazi, iseve rogorc mTliani kompozicia, gamoxatavs garkveul azrs, romelic eyrdnoba qoreografiuli nawarmoebis ZiriTad ideas. sanam gavarCevT cekvis mniSvnelobas qoreografiuli nawarmoebis Seqmnisas, saWiroa aRvniSnoT, rom cekvis naxazi da qoreografiuli teqsti urTierdamokidebulia erTmaneTTan. amitom ama Tu im qoreografiuli nawarmoebis naxazis analizisas Zalauneburad SevexebiT qoreografiuli nawarmoebis teqstsac.SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom wriul moZraobebTan erTad Cndeba swor xazze moZraobebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia miwaTmoqmedebis ganviTarebasTan, SromiTi procesis asaxvasTan. Zveli xalxuri cekvis ganviTarebaSi didi mniSvneloba aqvs improvizacias. Cvenamde moRweuli Samanebis cekva aris amis naTeli magaliTi.Tvlian, rom Zveli egviptelebi yofiT cxovrebiseul Jests gamoxatavdnen ieroglifebiT. samxreT indoeTis xramebSi Semonaxulia skulpturuli gamosaxulebebi, romlebic gamoxataven sacekvao mdgomareobis 108 ZiriTad sawyis formas.

q. karozom cekvaSi ,,mocekvave~ veneciaSi 1581 wels pirvelad scada gadmoeca sqema-naxazi grafikul formaSi. man gamoiyena Tavisi maswavleblis _ p. boSanis mier damuSavebuli principebi.

XVIII saukuneSi es sistema ganaviTara frangma cekvis xelovanma a.ramom. man daamata xelebis garkveuli moZraoba da musikaluri grZlioba.

XVIII saukuneSi gaCnda aucilebloba zedmiwevniT sworad gadmocemuliyo moZraoba vertikalurad, risTvisac gamoyenebuli iqna moZravi adamianis sqematuri gamosaxuleba.

852 wels frangma baletmaisterma a.sen-leonma gaakeTa mcdeloba: cekvis ganviTareba eCvenebina sivrceSi. Semoitana ,,kulisis~ mcneba. daxvewa fexebis moZraoba, tanis rxeva, Tavisa da xelebis moZraoba.

ruseTSi, sen-leonis sistemas gamoxmaureba mohyva. a.cornis naSromSi ,,cekvis xelovnebis da qoreografiis

36

gramatika~. es Tema sainteresod gaSala peterburgis baletis dasis msaxiobma v. stepanovma, romelmac Seqmna mizanscenebi, daxvewa kidurebis plastikuri moZraobebi da musikaluri ritmi.

XX saukuneSi yalibdeboda Tanamedrove moTxovnebi. ixveweboda sxeulis yvela nawilis moZraobebi.

cekvis xelovneba, rogorc kulturis ganuyofeli mxare, sabaleto TeatrSi aRwevda ganviTarebis umaRles dones. aq igi erwymoda dramaturgias, romelic xsnida adamianis xasiaTs, maT urTierTdamokidebulebas. baletSi erTmaneTs erwymoda adamianTa grZnobebis ganusazRvreli palitra.

germanelma xelovnebaTmcodnem r. labanma Tavis sistemas safuZvlad daudo moZraobasTan Sesabamisi JestebiT cekvis gamoxatva. man Tavis naSroms ,,xorestika~, xolo mogvianebiT, 1926 wels ,,qoreografia~ – vrclad mimoixila es Tema.ormocian wlebSi labani da misi mimdevrebi amuSavebdnen am sistemas. 1940 wels niu-iorkSi Seiqmna cekvis Camweri studia, romlis erT-erTi damaarsebeli iyo e. xatCinsoni. rogorc vTqviT, nebismieri cekva agebulia naxazze. qoreografi naxazis Sedgenisas, usmens mxolod sakuTar intuicias, aSuqebs nebismier ileTs da TandaTanobiT gaazrebulad Sedis cekvis siRrmeSi. qoreografma unda misces cekvas sruli Tavisufleba, mihyves mas fexdafex, qoreografma musikis mixedviT unda Seqmnas zogadad cekva da gaiTvaliswinos uamravi profesiuli detali _ dramaturgia, cekvadoba, musikaluri intonaciebi da a.S..

saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi qoreografiuli xelovneba rTuldeboda da srulyofili xdeboda. viTardeboda kompoziciis yvela Semadgeneli nawili, naxazi mravalmxrivi xdeboda. cekvis naxazis Sesrulebisas qoreografma unda gamoiyenos yvela xerxi, raTa miaRwios gansakuTrebul gamomsaxvelobas, raTa ufro srulad gaxsnas gmiris saxe, xasiaTi, ganwyoba. cekvis naxazi unda viTardebodes logikurad, unda iyos mWidrod dakavSirebuli sacekvao leqsikasTan da srulyofilad iqnas gadmocemuli scenaze. baletmaisterma ara marto unda warmoadginos es cekva

37

sanaxaobiTad da lamazad, aramed gadmogvces cekvis naxazis meSveobiT epoqis calkeuli Strixebi. qoreografiuli nomris daniSnulebidan gamomdinare, qoreografs SeuZlia naxazi Seadginos simetriulad da asimetriulad.

`geometriasTan nacnobobas adasturebda noveri da igi ambobda: es mecniereba cekvis figurebSi da maT kombinaciebSi Seitans wesrigs, azustebs da erTi figuridan meorisken gadaadgilebis SemoklebiT, miscems brwyinvale formas~.

cekvis naxazi organizebas ukeTebs mocekvaveTa moZraobebs, sistemaSi mohyavs isini. sxvadasxva naxazi da gadaadgileba, mayurebelze axdens fsiqologiur zegavlenas. qoreografis amocanaa: rac SeiZleba zustad gamosaxavdes cekvis naxazi im azrs, im xasiaTs, romelic nomerSia Caqsovili. magaliTad: naxazis wynari, narnari ganviTareba, mocekvaveTa fexebis Cumi moZraoba, TiTqos da isini dacuraven scenaze, es yvelaferi uqmnis mayurebels gansakuTrebul xasiaTs. cekvis naxazi am SemTxvevaSi asrulebs wamyvan rols, magram xasiaTis gadmosacemad aranakleb mniSvnelovania cekvis teqsti da kostiumic _ mokled, yvela gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualeba. cekvaSi ̀ beriozka~ (Semsrulebeli _ saxelmwifo qoreografiuli ansambli `beriozka~, baletmaisteri _nadeJdina) iyenebs ZiriTadad cekvis naxazs da misi meSveobiT gadmogvcems beriozkasaviT tanwerweta rusi gogonas saxes, mis xasiaTs, rusul bunebas. es nomeri mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi idgmeboda scenaze da aramarto CvenTan, aramed sazRvargareTac aRuZravda mayurebels gansakuTrebul grZnobebs.

jer kidev piTagoras epoqaSi Seiswavlidnen naxazis sxvadasxva agebulebisa da gadaadgilebis zemoqmedebas adamianze. gamoyofdnen: horizontalur agebis _ wynar xasiaTs, vertikaluris _ amaRlebul xasiaTs, diagonaluris _ amaRlebul-dinamikur xasiaTs. ukve maSin daiwyes fiqri wina, ukana da gverdiTa planebis SeTanxmebaze, rac aucilebelia sivrcis siRrmisaTvis.

cekvis naxazis mravalmxrivoba da simdidre arasodes ar unda gaxdes TviTmizani. mniSvnelovania, naxazma ki ar

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unda gafantos mayureblis yuradReba Tavisi originalobiT, aramed mTeli Tavisi gamomsaxvelobiT unda xeli Seuwyos nawarmoebis ZiriTadi ideis, misi saxeebis, qoreografiuli Canafiqris gadmocemas. cekvis dramaturgia ixsneba kompoziciis meSveobiT, amrigad, cekvis naxazis meSveobiTac. dramaturgiuli kanonebi iTxovs cekvis ganviTarebas martividan rTulisaken, rom moqmedebis ganviTarebis kulminaciur moments Seesabamebodes gansakuTrebiT datvirTuli cekvis naxazi. es exeba iseT sacekvao nomrebs, sadac gamomsaxvelobiT saSualebad gamoyenebulia cekvis naxazi. iq, sadac cekva savsea sacekvao leqsikiT, nomris kulminacia SeiZleba gadawyvetili iyos saintereso sacekvao teqstis meSveobiT (naxazi am epizodSi SeiZleba iyos naklebad gadatvirTuli, naklebad rTuli).

cekvis naxazis ganviTarebis logika iTvaliswinebs momdevno naxazis kavSirs wina naxazTan, agreTve yoveli momdevno naxazi unda iyos winas gagrZeleba. warmoidgineT, rom momRerali erTi musikaluri frazis damTavrebis Semdeg uceb wyvetes simReras da pirvelis daumTavreblad iwyebdes meores. es iwvevs msmenelTa gakvirvebas. aseve sacekvao naxazi unda iyos damTavrebuli da logikurad unda gadadiodes erTidan meoreze.

yovel suraTs an mdgomareobas TavisTavad gadavyavarT momdevnoSi, werda noveri. `cekvis figurebi erTimeores Tavisuflad da graciozulad enacvlebian, Cafiqrebuli efeqti maSinve igrZnoba. erTi figura, romelic Zalzed momxibvlelad gveCveneboda,scenaze gadataniT kargavs am momxibvlelobas. meore, romelic mayurebels eCveneba mimzidvelad, bolo rigebidan sul sxvanairad gamoiyureba. aseve sxvadasxvanairia STabeWdileba mayureblis loJidan, iarusidan da parteridan cqerisas.

qoreografma aucileblad unda gaiTvaliswinos, Tu raze axdens gavlenas misi nawarmoebi mayurebelze. rogorc wesi, qoreografi cdilobs Seamowmos cekvis naxazi darbazis sxvadasxva adgilidan da aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi Seitanos masSi koreqtivebi. cekvis naxazs qoreografi

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ramodenime planze agebs. saWiroa, rom man gadaitanos yuradReba im mxareze, im moqmed pirze, romelic mocemul momentSi mTavaria.saWiroa mayureblis yuradRebis mopyroba da amisaTvis naxazis ise ageba, rom meorexarisxovanma ki ar gafantos yuradReba, aramed xazi gausvas ZiriTads.

qoreografiis didma xelovanma e.ermolaevma aRniSna, rom saSemsruleblo teqnika da sityva ,,teqnikuri~ SeiZleba CaiTvalos sinonimebad. qoreografis naSromi mocekvavisaTvis unda iyos gamosaxulebis ena, TiToeuli monaxazis gaTaviseba da teqnikuri sirTuleebis daZleva. amaSia swored profesionalizmi~. marTlac, sqematurad rom CavxazoT da pirobiTad movniSnoT, teqnikuri mxaris codna unda erwymodes plastikuri mxatvruli gamosaxulebis Seqmnas. am SemoqmedebiTi aqtis safuZvelze ibadeba scenuri siaxle da Semsrulebeli, erTi mxriv, warmoCindeba, rogorc teqnikuri saSemsruleblo tradiciis matarebeli, meore mxriv, rogorc individualuri interpretatori qoreografiis ideisa. cekva da mocekvave unda warmoadgendes erT mTlianobas. mxolod maSin iqneba qoreografis samuSao srulyofili.

rogorc vTqviT nebismieri cekva agebulia naxazze.qoreografi, naxazis Sedgenisas, usmens mxolod sakuTar intuicias, aSuqebs nebismier ileTs da TandaTanobiT gaazrebulad Sedis cekvis siRrmeSi. qoreografma unda misces cekvas sruli Tavisufleba, mihyves mas fexdafex, cekva xom dResaswaulia!

gamoyenebuli veb-gverdebi:

http://karavanmusic.ru/?cat=• 7)http://mirtancev.ru• /

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TinaTin qoiavadramis reJisuris specialobis

III kursis doqtoranti xelmZRvanelebi: giorgi margvelaSvili,

vasil kiknaZe.

qoreografiuli speqtaklebis sadadgmo

nawilSi Semoqmedis fsiqo-emociuri saxe

qoreografiuli xelovnebis 21-e saukunis tendenciebi

me-20 saukunis Sua xanebSi daiwyo Tanamedrove cekvebis Camoyalibeba-ganviTareba. hip-hopi, breik dansi, krampi, `ar end bi~, fri staili _ es im mimdinareobebis CamonaTvalia, romlebic dRes ase popularulia. amerikuli gavlena aitaca msofliom da iqca, rogorc sasceno xelovnebis erT-erT esTetikur mimarTulebad. sabaleto xelovnebamac ganicada transformacia, Tanamedrove baleti, moderni, Tu jazi dRes musikis sruli SegrZnebiTa da gancdiT gamoixateba.

qoregrafiisa da Teatris kavSiri, dramatul TeatrSi qoreografiuli tendenciebi

amerikasa da evropaSi gaCnda axali mimarTuleba _ qoreografiuli speqtakli, romelic sxvadasxva qoreografiuli mimarTulebis SerwymiTa da Teatris struqturaze dafuZnebiT damkvidrda.

maRalSemoqmedebiToba

ra ganapirobebs adamianis maRal Semoqmedebas da sazogadoebis ganviTarebas, maT warmatebasa da warumateblobas. pirovnebis individualur Semoqmedebas da masze garemocvis zegavlenas.

sakiTxi ganxilulia amerikeli profesoris viliam terivelis Teoriis safuZvelze, romlis farglebSic aseve

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mimoxilulia saqarTvelos magaliTebic.Semoqmedis azrovneba da samoqmedo gegmaqoreografiuli speqtaklis dadgmisas qoreograf-

reJisoris Tanamimdevruli samoqmedo gegma, misi azrovnebis mimarTuleba da muSaobis specifika, kompozitorTan da mxatvarTan.

`Semoqmedis fsiqo – emociuri saxe~

21-e saukuneSi Seiqmna Teatrisa da qoreografiis sinTezis, axali mimarTuleba _ qoreografiuli speqtaklis saxiT, romelsac gansakuTrebuli niWisa da fantaziis qoreograf-reJisori unda dgamdes. Semoqmedebis maRali xarisxi gansazRvravs qoreografis potencials da mis fsiqo-emociur saxes, romelic gamoixateba, rogorc yofiT realobaSi, aseve mxatvrul SemoqmedebaSi.

ra aris es da rogor miiRweva? es niWisa Tu genetikis saxiT gamoixateba?

bevri mecnieris kvlevis sagania, Tu ra ganapirobebs adamianTa Semoqmedebis maRal xarisxs da sazogadoebis ganviTarebas, maT warmatebasa da warumateblobas. amis Sesaxeb saintereso mosazreba, originaluri formulebiT, SemogvTavaza amerikelma profesorma viliam terivelma wignSi `maRalkreatiuloba~.

es Teoria Sedgeba ori nawilisagan. pirveli `GAM (Genetic endowment, Assistances and Misfortunes)~1, romelic xels uwyobs pirovnebas da individualur Semoqmedebas. meore ki `DP (Division of Power)~2, ganapirobebs imave amocanas, mxolod sazogadoebaSi.

Genetic endowment – genetikuri SenaZeni (gonebamaxviloba, stimuli, temperamenti, gansakuTrebuli niWi);

Assistances – Tanadgoma (mSoblebi, axloblebi, saganmanaTleblo dawesebuleba, megobrebi);

Misfortunes – ubedureba (sulieri Tu fizikuri tkivili).

Division of Power – energiis zegavlena.

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pirovnebisTvis yvelaze didi ubedureba mSoblebis dakargvaa (bahi, dante, miqelanjelo, muhamedi, rafaeli, tolstoi), es im cnobil adamianTa CamonaTvalia, romelTac es tkivili adreul asakSi ganicades. amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mkvlevrebis azriT, romelic robert albertis SromaSi (1983 wlis gamocema) Sejamda: `kacobriobis saSualo 8%, ganicdis adreul asakSi (16 wlamde) mSoblebis dakargvas, rac stimulirebas axdens niWze~ TiToeuli saxelganTqmuli pirovneba dabadebuli iyo gansakuTrebuli genetikiT (G), miiRes profesiuli Tanadgoma (S) da maTze zegavlena moaxdina politikurma da kulturulma garemom (DP).

msgavsi kvlevis safuZvelze, qarTul realobaSic gvxvdeba amis magaliTebi. SegviZlia Tvali gadavavloT gamoCenil adamianebs da gansakuTrebiT qoreografebs, romelTa umravlesobas tkivili an mZime warsuli aqvs. Tuki adamians aqvs gansakuTrebuli genetika da man ganicada garkveuli cnobieri, Tu qvecnobieri tkivili, masze xdeba Zalis stimulacia, rac motivia misi pirovnebis adaptaciisa da sazogadoebaSi damkvidrebisa. es Zala, sakmaod Zlieria, motivacia mravalmxrivi da mizanmimarTulia, xdeba niWis warmoCena.

mocemuli Teoria SegviZlia davukavSiroT qarTveli eris saamayo ansamblis _ `suxiSvilebis~ fuZemdeblebisa da axlandeli qoreografis istorias. did ilikos da ninos sakmaod mZime, gaWirvebuli, tkiviliT savse cxovreba hqondaT, ramac albaT garkveuli zegavlena moaxdina, raTa cxovrebaSi bednierni da profesiaSi gansakuTrebulad warmatebulni yofiliyvnen. maT hqondaT Sesabamisi garemocva _ mieRoT da gamoevlinaT profesiuli niWi, unar-Cvevebi da SeeqmnaT gansxvavebuli da ukvdavi xelovneba. maT kvals mihyvnen maTi SviliSvilebi, nino da iliko suxiSvilebi. bebias da babuas gardacvalebam udidesi dartyma miayena SviliSvilebs, maT eris winaSe aiRes pasuxismgebloba, `suxiSvilebis~ saxeli SenarCunebuliyo maRal doneze. ninos avaria da umcrosi ilikos meuRlis gardacvaleba

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tragedia iyo sruliad saqarTvelosTvis. gana mTeli ansamblis warmateba piradi tkivilis xarjze xdeba? ra iqneboda, orive da _ Zmas sakuTari bednieri cxovreba rom hqonoda? gaqreboda suxiSvilebis kvali?

Znelia ivaraudo da isaubro imaze, rac ar momxdara, magram faqti faqtad rCeba. xelovanis SemoqmedebaSi did rols asrulebs piradi biografia. 2001 wels umcros ilikos udidesi tragedia daatyda Tavs, ris Sedegadac man sakmaod depresiuli da mZime periodi gadaitana. tragediidan 6 wlis Semdeg, umcrosi iliko suxiSvili dainiSna `qarTuli nacionaluri baletis~ qoreografad. man ipova sakuTar TavSi Zala, moexdina transformacia da gamoevlina mTeli Tavisi SesaZleblobebi.

gamodis, rom garkveuli uaryofiTi manipulacia adamianSi axdens stimulacias da Seupovrobas, igi Sinaganad udides dabrkolebisTvisac aris mzad.

rac Seexeba energiis zegavlenas `DP~ gansakuTrebiT aisaxeba Semdeg sakiTxebSi: religia, sazogadoeba, politika Tu kultura. es sferoebi adamians aswavlis fiqrs, ara mxolod erT simarTleze, ara mxolod erT gadawyvetilebaze, yuradReba unda mieqces ara mxolod imas, Tu ras ambobs adamiani, aramed ratom ambobs igi, kritikuli azrovneba garkveuli jildoa.

`DP~ mniSvnelovani komponentia SemoqmedebiTobis. Semoqmedebis potencialis formulaa: P= GxAxMxDP

potencia=genitika+Tanadgoma+ubedureba+energiis ganawileba.

`SemoqmedebiToba aerTianebs TaobaTa ideebs, rac aris originaluri, saTavgadasavlo, sasargeblo. SemoqmedebiTobis upirvelesi amocanaa, dainaxos msoflio axali da gansxvavebuli naTebiT~. (veiteni, 1989, gv. 292).

erTia, rom msoflio dainaxo axali da gansxvavebuli naTebiT, xolo meore _ ramdenad aris Sesabamisi pirobebi. Tuki goneba aris datviTuli sxvadasxva problemiT da ganicdis garemo pirobebSi diskomforts, dabrkolebaa msgavsi xedvisTvis. adamiani sazogadoebis nawilia,

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realur samyaroSi ki SemoqmedebiToba sxvadasxva doziT Semoifargleba. Sesabamisi doza ki xels uwyobs geniosebis simravleს.

gansakuTrebuli Sromisunarianoba da sulieri simdidre sZlevs nebismier uaryofiT manipulaciebs da axdens TviTrealizacias. mas xels uwyobs misi genetika da sxvaTa Tanadgoma.

SemoqmedebiTi energia zegavlenas axdens kulturul evoluciaze, adamianTa mentalobaze, pirovnebis sazogadoebriv da SemoqmedebiT ganviTarebaze. pirovnebis fsiqologiur-socialur aspeqtze dayrdnobiT, adamiani gvevlineba SezRuduli da SeuzRudavi SesaZleblobebiT. mecnier viliam terivels magaliTisaTvis mohyavs laTinur-amerikisa da evropis SesaZleblobebi. SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis adamianma icis, rom mas ar gaaCnia resursi an gaurbis mas, maSin man unda SeinarCunos mimzidveli Zala, an unda ibrZolos da moipovos igi. aseTma adamianma unda iswavlos Tavisi dadebiTi saxis warmoCenis ostatoba da ar unda gamoavlinos Tavisi tkivili, susti mxare, radgan Zlieri Zala gaanadgurebs mas.

SeuzRudavi SesaZleblobis adamianebs ki gaaCniaT TviTdajerebuloba, isini operatiulebi arian garemoSi. isini mxolod sakuTar Tavs ebrZvian, rom ukeT akontrolon sakuTari cxovrebis aspeqtebi. Tuki Zala maT dabrkolebas uqmnis, maT gaaCniaT riskis unari da gambedaoba.

aqedan gamomdinare, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis adamianebs aqvT SemoqmedebiTobis viwro areali da maTTvis es fraza: `dainaxe msoflio axali da gansxvavebuli naTebiT~ (veiteni, 1989, gv. 292) _ rTuli aRsaqmelia. isini axal infomacias ar iReben rogorc axals, novatoruls, aramed amsgavseben Zvels.

SeuzRudavi SesaZleblobis adamianebi gaCndnen me-11 saukunis miwuruls, rodesac iyo ori fundamentaluri Zalis dapirispireba _ imperiisa da religiis. warsulidan gamomdinare, msgavsi tipis adamians gauCnda damoukidebeli genetika, romelsac SeeZlo azrovneba da dapirispireboda

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gansxvavebul azrs, yofiliyo lideri mocemul garemoSi.dRes, 21-e saukunis saqarTvelo, damoukideblobis

periodSi cdilobs swrafi tempebiT ganviTarebas da evropis Rirseul qveynad qcevas. dapirispireba adamianTa cnobierebaSia. arastabiluri politikuri garemo, siduxWire, ekonomiuri mdgomareoba ar iZleva stabilur SemoqmedebiT stimuls. aseT pirobebSi, qarTveli arc SezRuduli da arc SeuzRudavi SesaZleblobis mqone adamianad gvevlineba. is sadRac Sorisaa, romelsac aqvs kargi socialuri garemo da saWiroebs materialur daxmarebas.


Therivel William A. `High Creativity~-UNMASKED, Persons & 1. Civilizations, USA 2010;http://www.tbilisi.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=2365&lang_id=GE2. Ohttp://intermedia.ge/3. სტატია/25101/http://shokoladi.ge/content/propesia-suxishvili?page=4. 2

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salome SeTekauriqarTuli cekvis damdgmeli qoreografis specialobis

III kursis studentixelmZRvaneli _ anano samsonaZe

saqorwino ritualebi saqarTveloSi

saqarTvelo uZvelesi istoriis, kulturisa da religiis

TvalsazrisiT unikaluri qveyanaa. saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi viTardeboda azrovneba, icvleboda faseulobebi, yalibdeboda da iqmneboda mravali sakulto, Tu saero rituali. rogorc yvelas mogvexseneba, cecxliTa da maxviliT qristianobis gavrcelebis miuxedavad, qarTveli mosaxleoba, gansakuTrebiT ki mTis xalxi, mainc misdevda warmarTul wes-Cveulebebs, Aamitomac ar unda gagvikvirdes ama Tu im tradiciaSi warmarTuli ritualis kvali. zogjer swored aseTi ritualebis Semadgenel nawilad gvevlineboda folkloruli nimuSebi. folklori xom xalxuri yofiTi movlenebiT, maTi gamocdilebis Sedegad aris miRebuli da xalxur codnas gadmoscems. folkloris Semswavleli mecnierebaa folkloristika. misi Seswavlis sferoa xalxis SemoqmedebiTi naazrevis mdidari da mravalferovani masala.

qarTul folkloristikas safuZveli Caeyara XIX saukuneSi. folkloris Seswavlis safuZvelze aRmoCenil iqna qoreografiuli nimuSebic, ramac qoreografiuli istoriis kvlevaSi mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula. amJamad Cven im sacekvao nimuSebs ganvixilavT, romlebic saqorwilo ritualis dros sruldeboda saqarTveloSi.

qorwinebis institutma da masTan dakavSirebulma wes-Cveulebebma ganviTarebis didi gza ganvlo da misi saTaveebi warsulSi unda veZioT. yvelasTvis naTelia, rom ama Tu im tradiciis Camoyalibeba religiur rwmena-warmodgenebTan aris dakavSirebuli. uZveles droSi qorwinebis wesi martivi iyo, magram droTa ganmavlobaSi es wesi Seicvala da rTul saqorwilo ritualad gadaiqca, romlis

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Sesrulebac savaldebulo gaxda. lili gvaramaZe wers, rom saqarTveloSi arc erTi sasixarulo ambavi, gansakuTrebiT ki niSnoba da qorwili ise ar Caivlida, rom cekva ar yofiliyo. amasTan dakavSirebiT ar SemiZlia ar aRvniSno, rom qarTuli qoreografiis istoria uZvelesi droidan iRebs saTaves da amis dasturi jer kidev Zveli welTaRricxvis III aTaswleuliT daTariRebuli oznis fiala da meore aTaswleuliT daTariRebuli yorRanuli gaTxrebis Sedegad aRmoCenili TrialeTis vercxlis Tasia.

davubrundeT mTavar sakiTxs. Seswavlili masalebidan irkveva, rom qorwinebis rituali saqarTvelos yvela kuTxeSi gansxvavebuli saxiT sruldeboda. Tumca, amis miuxedavad, ritualis ramdenime safexuri gamoiyofa. dakvalva-garigeba, dawindva anu niSnoba, sapatarZlosTan gamoTxoveba, qorwili da sapatarZlos samuSaoze gayvana. qoreografiuli TvalsazrisiT metad sainteresoa qorwili masSi Semavali ritualebiT. Tumca, sanam uSualod qorwilze gadavidodeT, minda, ramdenime sityviT ganvixilo niSnobis originaluri formebi. vaJis mier qalisTvis gagzavnili saniSno nivTebi simboluri mniSvnelobis unda yofiliyo. mkvlevarni gamoyofen vaSls. aWarul folklorSi amis nimuSic gvaqvs, rac CvenTvis kargad nacnobia. sergi makalaTias gadmocemiT ki, samegreloSi qalis daniSvnis mizniT, vaJis mama an biZa cekvis dros qals quds esroda. uaris SemTxvevaSi ki qals itacebdnen. sainteresoa agreTve xelis dakvriT niSnoba, romelic Tavdapirvelad mxolod xevsureTSi gvxvdeboda.

niSnobis Semdgom iyo sapatarZlos gamoTxoveba. es rituali qorwilis wina Rames unda Sesrulebuliyo. simRera-ferxulebs dedoflis oTaxSi qalebi asrulebdnen. Semdegi etapi ki qorwili gaxldaT. Qqorwili iwyeboda jvrisweriT, jvriswera ki keris kultTan iyo dakavSirebuli. rogorc g. Citaia aRniSnavs `keris kulti~ Tavisi SinaarsiT gvaris ojaxis gamaerTianebeli centri iyo, xolo kera maradiuli cecxlis simbolo~. Nnefe-dedofals keris garSemo Semoatarebdnen, dalocavdnen da gvirgvins

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ukurTxebdnen. zogjer ki jvrisweras zedmetad Tvlidnen. Kkeris garSemo Semotarebis rituali TiTqmis yvelgan simReriT sruldeboda oRond saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeSi sxvadasxva repertuari iyo (unda aRvniSno, rom kerasTan ziarebis rituali afxazeTSi qorwilidan sami kviris Semdeg xdeboda, saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebSi ki _ rogorc zemoT vaxsene am ritualiT iwyeboda qorwili).

svaneTSi mRerodnen ̀ sadams~, imereTSi _ ̀ RmerTo bednieri qeni~, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos kuTxeebSi icodnen `jvaris winasa~, `joruli~, `dideba~. rogorc Tina…ivelaSvili aRniSnavs, savaraudoa, rom igi ferxuliTac sruldeboda daAamis safuZvels iZleva teqstis saferxulo wyoba da poeturi riTmi.

keris garSemo Semovlis rituali sruldeboda rogorc vaJis, aseve qalis ojaxSic. qali eTxoveboda Tavis ojaxs da es rTul ceremonialTan iyo dakavSirebuli. Aaman ganapiroba mis ojaxSi Tavyriloba da lxini. lxinis erT-erTi Semavali nawili ki cekva da simReraa. saqarTvelos yvela kuTxeSi saqorwilo nadimze yovel sadRegrZelos Sesabamisi cekva-TamaSi axlda. salaRobo simRerebidan samegreloSi aRsaniSnavia ̀ Carirama~, romelsac saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebSic vxvdebiT gansxvavebuli variantiT. zogierTi mklevris gadmocemiT, qorwilSi misi Sesrulebisas Tan cekvavdnen kidec. svaneTSi qorwilSi sruldeboda `lile~, `Sina orgili~, `buba qaquCela~ da sxva. samegreloSi _ `Cagunia, Caguna~.

sainteresoa aseve qarTlSi Cawerili ` hai da qalebo~, guruli `hai da biWebo~ da `visia visia qali lamazi~. teqsebis Seswavlis safuZvelze vityviT, rom igi saferxulo yofila. zogierTi maTgani cekvis dros sruldeboda, zogi ki cekvis win. ` hai da qalebo~ qalebis ferxuli yofila, `visia visias~ teqstis mixedviT Cans, rom is mayrebis repertuaridan iyo, jer simRera sruldeboda da Semdeg iwyebdnen cekvas. misi msgavsia agreTve qarTlSi gavrcelebuli da savaraudod qorwilSi Sesasrulebeli qaltacioba. barbare jorjaZis `feletonSi~ qaltacioba

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da samaia erTmaneTs ukavSirdeba. `sofel xevTa piraSi xalxs Tavi moeyara, yvelieri iyo... xan kacebs ferxuli ebaT da qalebi TamaSobdnen .iqve mjdomma xanSi Sesulma qalma dauZaxa maT: magis TamaSobas samaia daabaT da qalis motaceba iTamaSoT ar girCevniaTo? Tamarad Tebro dasves romelsac axali kaba ecva. ukan xanSi Sesuli dedakaci miujda da garSemo ramdenime qali daudga. ocamde qalma kabaze xeli mohkides erTmaneTs da Tebros simReriT gars Semouares~. simReris teqstze dakvirvebiT mivxvdebiT rom maT qalis Txoveba undodaT, qalis patroni ki ar atanda. yoveli simReris dros ambobdnen samaia samTaganas. bolos qalebi miscvivdnen da ZaliT moitaces. swored amgvarad aRgvwersAa. TaTaraZe qaltaciobis or etaps: qalis garigebisa da daniSvnis cda da qalis motacebis inscenireba. moTamaSeebi or xazad dgebian da maT Soris aseTi dialogia:

pirveli mwyobri: a, iSani mogve qali gulas gardamao meore: arc mogcemT da arc vikadrebT, Tamar karga gvyavo…

pirveli: meZroxis colad mindoda gulas gardamaomeore: meZroxis nexviania gulas gardamaopirveli: meRoris colad mindoda gulas gardamaomeore: meRore tiliania gulas gardamaopirveli: mebatis colad mindoda gulas gardamaomeore: mebate skintliania gulas gardamao

sabolood pirveli mwyobri mimarTavs meores _xaxvis foci, mogiCoCdi gulas gardamao

aqve unda aRiniSnos rafiel erisTavis mier aRwerili ferxuli ̀ a niSani mogve qali~ am teqstTan Zalian axlosaa. orive saqorwilo komedias warmoadgens, sadac Sesulia cekva da simRera. qarTlSi qorwilis mesame dRes diliT nefe-patarZlis mayrebi ezoSi Caabamdnen `basts~, romelsac `dedani~ Tavkaci xelmZRvanelobda. misi miTiTeba cekvis yvela monawiles unda Seesrulebina. Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi urC monawiles xeze miabamdnen. d. janeliZis

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aRwerilobidan Cans, rom `bastis~ msgavsi iyo aseve ialis TamaSoba.

samcxe-javaxeTSi qorwilis pirvel dRes roca patarZals miiyvandnen nefis saxlSi xalxi, ezoSi ferxulis cekviT xvdeboda. am dros sruldeboda `Svidi wyvili ferxuli~ da masSi monawileobda Svidi col-qmari, nefe-dedoflis CaTvliT. Qqorwilis meore dRes mefes gaanadirebdnen, es ganadirebac ferxuliT mTavrdeboda, samegreloSi ganadirebas `eSakaTuas~ eZaxdnen.ganadireba icodnen qarTlSic, guriaSic, raWaSi. amave saRamos samcxe-javaxeTSi icodnen saxumaro cekva `ZaRluri~. mogvianebiT es cekva sxvadasxva saxelwodebiT gvxvdeba _ `lalioni~ `atusi~. am cekvaSi aTi-TormeTi mamakaci Rebulobda monawileobas da ra ileTsac ̀ meTauri~ Seasrulebda, yvela monawile valdebuli iyo igive Seesrulebina. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, mis zurgsa da kanWebs meTauris Sindis wkepla ar acdeboda. (savaraudod, ohoi nanos msgavsia)

raWis mosaxleobaSi vaJis saxlSi qorwilis dros ferxulis Sesruleba savaldebulo yofila. Ooci-ocdaaTi kaci xeli xels gadaxveulni wriulad uvlidnen da Tan mRerodnen, cekvis dros or nabijs win dadgamdnen da erTs ukan. cekvis Sewyveta ar SeiZleboda da cekvas mxolod mamakacebi asrulebdnen.

saqorwilo ceremonialSi didi adgili eWira Teatralizebul sanaxaobas. amis dasturia qorwilSi berikaobis Sesrulebis tradicia. berikaobis saxes warmoadgens aWaraSi gavrcelebuli ritualuri cekva `fadiko qoCegura~, romelic qorwilis mniSvnelovani nawili iyo da sufris Semdeg sruldeboda. K`kacs Caacmevdnen kabas da Tavze daaxuravdnen TavSals, Tan sdevda vinme qurTi da siyvaruls TamaSobdnen. xelSi joxi eWira. vinmes rom cudi eTqva fadikosTvis, daartyamda. Qhqonda aseve xanjali, Tu gaabrazebda viTom fadikos, Tavs moWrida. TamaSobdnen yolsarmas da xalxs acinebdnen~. Ffadiko anu faTiko qalad gadacmuli vaJis morTulobis aRmniSvneli iyo. Ffadiko-qoCeguri warmoSobiT ganayofierebis kultTan iyo dakavSirebuli. aWarul qorwilSi vokaluri musikis

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akompanementze sruldeboda aseve cekva `mayrulisa~ da `sufrulis~ gadaxvevis dros `sacekuri~ `nanidanani~ da òhoi nana~. òhoi nana~ aris meqorwile xalxis gamosafxizlebeli maTraxi. is sufris win sruldeboda. sityvieri teqsti ferxulis Sesrulebis qoreografiuli elementebis amsaxvelia. Aaleqsandre msxalaZe aRniSnavs, rom òhoi nano~ warmoSobiT saqorwilo ritualis nawili ar yofila da isic ganayofierebis kultTan aris dakavSirebuli.

valerian iToniSvili sainteresod aRwers mTiuleT, gudamayarSi Sesrulebul saqorwilo ritualebs. moxeuri Cveulebis mixedviT, saqorwilo nadimis gaxsna `xeuri jor angelozebis~ didebiT anu `didebaiT~ iwyeboda. moxeur qorwilSi da saerTod yvela salxino sufris dros sruldeboda ferxulebi. wriuli da grZeli ferxulebis saerTo saxelwodebaa `ferxisai~. wriuli ferwulebis erT-erTi saxeobaa `gergetula~. erTsarTulian, wriulsa da grZel ferxulebs mamakacebi da dedakacebi marTavdnen, gergetulasa da abarbareSi ki mxolod axalgazrda mamakacebi monawileobdnen. ferxulebis Sesrulebas qorwilis garda adgili hqonda xatoba-dReobaze.

ferxulis monawileebi irCevdnen ̀ ferxisas zezamdgoms~ ,romelic wris SigniT ludiT savse spilenZis qvabs dadgamda da mamakacebs ludiT umaspinZldeboda. amasTanave, xalxs acinebda e.w daTua-daTviad niSnavdnen erT enamoswrebul dedakacs, romelic mamakacis gadmobrunebul tyapuWSi iyo gamowyobili. acekvebdnen aseve nefe-dedofalsac da yvela erTveboda taS-fanduraSi. dedofals gadaicekvebdnen da cekvis damTavrebis Semdeg centrSi cxvirsaxocs dafendnen, dedoflisTvis saCuqrad fuls tovebdnen. fuliani cxvirsaxoci manamde iqneboda gaSlili,sanam dedofalTan cekvis msurvelebi ar gamoileodnen. moxeuri TamaSobisTvis aseve damaxasiaTebelia wyvilad cekva.

moxeur qorwilSi saintereso iyo is, rom moxeveebiQqorwilis meore dRes ̀ patioba dRes~ uwodebdnen da nefis dedas aiZulebdnen, rom ecekva. is Zvel tansacmels

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icvamda, radgan dedakacebi da axalgazrda vaJebi mas tansacmels Semoaxevdnen. amas moxeveebi imiT xsnidnen, rom axali sulis SemomatebasTan erTad dedamTils Zveli unda gadaeyara. Semdeg es wesi Seicvala da nefis mamas tansacmels ki aRar uxevdnen, aramed cekvis damTavrebis Semdeg iqve ikavebdnen, sanam Tavisi maxlobeli axalgazrdebi sasmel-saWmliT ar gamoisyiddnen.

xevsureTSi wesi iyo, rom sofelSi qali Rame unda mieyvanaT. sofels miaxlovebuli myolebi atexavdnen yiJinsa da Tofis srolas. biWebi gzaSi cecxls daanTebdnen. visac soflidan wasvla SeeZlo, yvela Sesaxvedrad garboda doliTa da garmoniT, imarTeboda didi mxiaruloba, cekva-TamaSi. xSirad xdeboda ise, rom qalis ̀ myolni~ patarZals damalavdnen da sxva qals uCvenebdnen, atydeboda sicil-xarxari. myolni dascinodnen qmreulebs. Qzogjer xevsureTSi qorwilis meore dRes, xalxis gamxiarulebis mizniT, icodnen `morTva~. Kkacebi jixvis an daTvis tyaviT irTvebodnen da ise cekvavdnen. Qqalebi Caicvamdnen kacis tansacmels da qamar-xanjals Semoirtyamdnen. Semdeg xelis dakvriT niSnobis scenas aTamaSebdnen, daniSnulis naTesavebi Cxubs atexdnen da amas didi sicili da mxiaruleba mohyveboda.

CvenTvis cnobilia Aafxazuri saqorwilo ferxuli `ai barkra~, romelic afxazi eTnografis lakerbaias gadmocemiT Semdegi Sinaarsisaa: ferxuls wris SigniT nabdis qveS dgas nefe-dedofali. Fferxulis erT-erTi monawile ki maTraxs urtyams miwaze dedoflis fexebTan ise, rom igi adgilze axtunos da amiT gamoacocxlos cekva.

rac Seexeba Tbiliss. mis Zvel yofaSi moqmedi saqorwilo wesebidan gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mivaqcie kintoebisa da yaraCoRelebis qorwils. maTi gacnobisas damainteresa saqorwilo ceremonialis dros Sesrulebulma tradiciam. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu nefis mama gardacvlili iyo, saqorwilo lxinSi monawileebi mis saflavze midiodnen da iq `nefis cekvas~ asrulebdnen. Amis Sesaxeb arsebobs naxati vano xojabegovis SesrulebiT, romelic griSaSvilma `Zveli Tbilisis literaturul bohemaSi~ warmogvidgina. suraTze aris mamis saflavze mocekvave nefe da aTi moqeife.

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rogorc xedavT, mcired, magram mainc mogvepoveba saqorwilo ritualebSi Semavali cekvebi, Tumca es mxolod Teoriuli wyaroebia. Cven ar gagvaCnia masalebi, romliTac SeviswavliT am cekvebs da aRvadgenT maT. dRes ki es nimuSebi TiTqmis aRar arsebobs da Tu arsebobs, ara rogorc qorwilis Semavali erT-erTi rituali, aramed calke sasceno nimuSi. Tumca msurda daskvniT nawilSi mesaubra qal-vaJis trfobis unikaluri nimuSis Sesaxeb, romelic dResac SemorCa da romelsac ar gaaCnia kuTxurobis niSani. cekva `qarTuli~. avTandil TaTaraZe mas niSnobebsa da qorwilebsac ukavSirebs da amis Sesaxeb magaliTebic mohyavs. faqtia, rom dRevandel dRes cekva `qarTuli~ qarTuli tradiciuli qorwilis erT-erTi mTavari nawilia, igi marTlac iqca ritualad, romlis Sesruleba savaldebuloa. cekva `qarTuli~ iyo, aris da, Cemi azriT, yovelTvis iqneba Cveni eris kulturis mSveneba da siamaye. Cveni pirdapiri movaleobaa, sxva cekvebis msgavsad, ar davkargoT is da SevunaxoT momaval Taobas im formiT, ra formiTac dRes gvaqvs.


Tina ivelaSvili: `saqorwilo wes-Cveulebebi saqarTveloSi~1. sofio Coxeli: `qarTuli saqorwilo wes-Cveulebebi da 2. poeturi folklori~aleqsandre msxalaZe: `aWaris saojaxo sawesCveulebo 3. poezia~valerian iToniSvili: `qorwinebis zogierTi wes-Cveuleba 4. Zvel TbilisSi~valerian iToniSvili: ̀ qarTvel mTielTa saojaxo urTierTobis 5. istoriidan~liana meliqiSvili: ̀ tradiciuli saqorwilo wes-Cveulebebis 6. struqturis analizi da inovacia~sergi makalaTia: `mTiuleTi~7. sergi makalaTia: `mesxeT-javaxeTi~8. mzia beqaia: `Zveli da axali saqorwilo tradiciebi aWaraSi~9. avTandil TaTaraZe: `qarTuli xalxuri qoreografiis 10. istoriis sakiTxebi~

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manana cincaZeqoreografiis istoriisa da Teoriis specialobis

II kursis doqtorantixelmZRvaneli _ anano samsonaZe

cekvis kompania `Candoco~

SezRuduli da SeuzRudavi SesaZleblobebis mqone mocekvaveebiT dakompleqtebuli kompania ̀ qenduqo~ arasodes apirebda dakmayofilebuliyo mcirediT, misi TviTmizani iyo _ yvelaferi an araferi! Tavad saxelic `qen du~ niSnavs _ SemiZlia gavakeTo da axla isini msoflios udides scenebze marTaven warmodgenebs.

1973 wels, londonis Tanamedrove cekvis Teatris warmodgenisas, axalgazrda mocekvave daeca da kiseri moitexa, ramac igi samudamod miajaWva savaZels da CamoaSora sayvarel saqmes – cekvas, es rogorc mas maSin egona. magram 1990 wels selest dendekeri daarwmunes, rom mas kvlav unda ecekva. Tavis savarZelSi mjdari igi monawileobs qoreografisa da reJisoris, darSan singx buleris, moklemetraJian mxatvrul filmSi `The Fall~. male is xvdeba adam benjamins, mxatvarsa da mocekvaves, romelic dainteresebulia Sereul _ SezRudul da SeuzRudavi SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTagan Semdgar _ jgufTan muSaobiT. 1991 wels dendekeri da benjamini aarseben `qenduqos~, romelic pioneri gaxdeba integrirebuli cekvebis jer kidev auTvisebel sivrceSi.

Tavad kompania SesaZloa uCveulo yofiliyo, magram maT iseTive miznebi hqondaT, rogoric nebismier sxvas SeeZlo hqonoda: SeeqmnaT maRali xarisxis namuSevrebi da auditoriasTan kavSiri daemyarebinaT. amis gaTvaliswinebiT, `qenduqom~ ori mimarTulebiT daiwyo muSaoba:

isini iwvevdnen cnobil qoreografebs, raTa jgufis 1. originaluri repertuari SeeqmnaT.

maT daiwyes mocekvaveebis momzadeba da gadamzadeba. 2. atarebdnen treiningebsa da sxvadasxva saxis performanss

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SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone mocekvaveebis dainteresebisa da mowvevis mizniT. maT aseve Camoayalibes axalgazrduli jgufi, sadac dainteresebuli pirebi saTanado wvrTnas gadionen.

am jgufma muSaoba 2004 wlis seqtemberSi daiwyo da sam weliwads gastana. es iyo pirveli msgavi proeqti inglisSi. swavlebisa da treiningebis talRa swrafad izrdeboda da male `qenduqos~ mimdevarTa ricxvma 12 000 gadaaWarba.

1998 wels konpania datova benjaminma, xolo 1999 wels dendekerma cekvas Tavi gaaneba, Tumca 2007 wlamde igi kompaniis samxatvro xelmZRvanelis Tanamdebobaze rCeboda. mocekvaveebi midiodnen da modiodnen, magram kompaniis idealebi ucvleli darCa. amJamad, `qenduqos~ marTavs stain nilseni da pedro maCada, romlebic amave kompaniis Tavdapirvel dasSi iricxebodnen.

`qenduqos~ adreuli namuSevrebi Tu eqsperimentebsa da gaubedav mcdelobebs ufro waagavda, male aq momuSave qoreografebma da Tavad kompaniamac TviTdajerebuloba Seimata da ukve tabuirebuli ideebis xorcSesxmasac ar eridebodnen, rogorebicaa magaliTad: seqsualuroba, Zala, brazi, iumori... maT aseve moipoves sakmarisi Tavdajerebuloba imisaTvisac, rom mayurebeli, auditoria maTi mimdevari gaexadaT da ara piriqiT, auditoriis keTilganwyobas dadevnebodnen.

qenduqos namuSevrebi Zalian zustad aris morgebuli maT Semsruleblebs. mocekvaveebsa da qoreografebs uwevT yoveli moZraoba erTmaneTis Sexedulebebsa da SesaZleblobebs miusadagon, da Sedegad isini, anu es

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Sexedulebebi da SesaZleblobebi, ganaviTaron da gazardon ise, rom SeuZlebeli gaxdes SesaZlebeli.

`cekva amsxvrevs yvela Cvens TavdacviT bariers, radgan Sen aZlev sxva adamianebs saSualebas uyuron da Seexon Sens sxeuls. es barierebis sistematiuri gadalaxvaa. ase rom, cekva Zalian kargi da bunebrivi gzaa axali ideebis dabadebisa da ganviTarebisaTvis SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa integraciasTan dakavSirebiT~, _ selest dandekeri.

2013 wlis ianvarSi `qenduqos~ warmomadgenlebi saqarTvelos estumrnen, sadac 2 dRiani masterklasebi gamarTes inkluziuri cekvebiT dainteresebul qoreograf-SemsrulebelTaTvis. masterklasebs atarebdnen ueli o’braiani da qris oueni, orive qenduqos veterani Semsrulebelia, romlebic amJamad saswavlo process warmarTaven da momaval Taobas gadascemen TavianT gamocdilebas.

Sexvedrebi intensiur xasiaTs atarebda, da am periodis ganmavlobaSi masterklasebis monawileebma ara erTi saintereso savarjiSo Seiswavles.

pirveli aseTi savarjiSo partnioris ukeT Secnobas isaxavda miznad. amisaTvis monawileebi wyvildebodnen, erT-erTi maTgani xuWavda Tvalebs, xolo meore mis sxeulze SexebiT marTavda mas. imis mixedviT, Tu ra davaleba hqonda TvaldaxuWul monawiles mocemul momentSi, igi

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an unda gahyoloda partnioris xelis Sexebas an unda moSoreboda mas. sagulisxmoa, rom selest dendekerma es savarjiSo Cinuri sabrZolo xelovnebidan, tai-Ci-dan aiRo. TavisTavad es sabrZolo xelovneba ormag datvirTvas atarebs, igi erTdroulad Tavdacvisa da aseve gajansaRebis uebro saSualebaa. es savarjiSo kargi Sedegis momtania mxedvelobadaqveiTebul pirebTan muSaobisas.

Semdegi savarjiSo koleqtiurobis, erTianobis SegrZebas aviTarebs. mis Sesasruleblad monawilebi darbazSi qaotur moZraobas iwyebdnen, magram am moZraobisas maT periferiuli mxedvelobiT Tvalyuri unda edevnebinaT erTmaneTisTvis, da Tundac erTi monawilis gaCerebas mTeli gundis gaCereba mohyoloda, da piriqiT _ erTis amoZraveba, mTel gunds unda gadasdeboda. saboloo jamSi, TiTqos, raRac erTi koleqtiuri goni yalibdeba, romelic mTeli jgufis sinqronul moZraobas akontrolebs.

erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani savarjiSo moZraobis adaptaciaa. inkluziur jgufSi yvela mocekvaves ar aqvs erTnairi fizikuri SesaZleblobebi, amitom yvela monawilem erTi da igive moZraoba saTavisod unda gadaakeTos, anu misi adaptacia moaxdinos. ase magaliTad: SeuzRudavi SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianma wre SeiZleba fexiT Semoxazos, adamiani, romelsac qveda kiduri amputirebuli aqvs, imave wres xeliT moxazavs, xolo etlSi mjdomi _ etliTve datrialdeba da a. S.

es mxolod mciredi CamonaTvalia im zRva masalidan, romelic inkluziur sacekvao dass sWirdeba savarjoSod. da miuxedavad imisa, rom analogiuri savarjiSoebi gamoiyeneba nebismier Tanamedrove cekvis koleqtivSi, isini mainc gansakuTrebulad esadageba SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa fizikur wvrTnas. esec, albaT, imiT aris gamowveuli, rom cekva TavisTavad samkurnalo-Terapiul daniSnulebas atarebs ubralo adamianebSic ki, maSinac, roca Cveni TviTmizani araa sxeulis gajansaReba... magram Tuki mas mizanmimarTulad am kuTxiT gamoviyenebT, Sedegebi, ra Tqma unda, grandiozuli iqneba.

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miuxedavad imisa, rom qenduqom udavod didi roli iTamaSa im SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa cxovrebaSi, romlebic am dasSi moRvaweobnen, kompaniis mizani ar yofila maTi reabilitacia. maTi slogani iyo Tanabari SesaZleblobebi yvelasTvis. kompaniis pirveli warmodgenebis Semdgomi recenziebi gamsWvaluli iyo sibralulis grZnobiT, anu mayurebeli imiTac kmayofildeboda, rom adamiani SezRuduli SesaZleblobebiT cdilobs icekvos. pirveli sixaruli da gamarjveba kompaniis damfuZneblis, selest dendekerisTvis, gaxda umkacresi recenzia erT-erTi cnobili Teatraluri kritikosisgan, romelic ganixilavda warmodgenili dadgmisa da Sesrulebis avkargianobas. es niSani iyo imisa, rom maT aRar aRiqvamdnen rogorc SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebiT dakompleqtebul dass, aramed nebismier sxva dasTan Tanaswors da imave moTxovnebs uyenebdnen.

ukve 20 welia kompania mogzaurobs msoflio maStabiT, marTavs warmodgenebs da atarebs masterklasebs. araerTi qveynisaTvis qenduqo gaxda magaliTi da stimuli analogiuri dasebis Seqmnisa. imedia, maT ricxvSi saqarTveloc iqneba.

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Temur adeiSviliqarTuli cekvisa da sadadgmo xelovnebis specialobis

I kursis magistrantixelmZRvaneli _ u. dvaliSvili

lekuri Tu qarTuli?!

mogexsenebaT, qoreografiul samyaroSi dRemde ar wydeba kamaTi imaze, Tu saidan warmoiSva cekva `qarTuli~. saidan iRebs saTaves misi auTenturi fesvi, aqedan gamomdinare, kamaTis sagania, ra Tqma unda, TviTon saxelwodeba, ra hqvia am cekvas, „lekuri~ Tu `qarTuli~?!

dRemde qarTveli mecnier-mkvlevrebi, gvimtkiceben imas, rom es namdvilad qarTulia, Tumca me gadavwyvite gadamemowmebina maT mier Segrovebuli masalebi da gamego, saidan iRebs saTaves literaturuli mexsiereba cekva `qarTulis~ Sesaxeb da minda giTxraT, savalalo Sedegi miviRe.

pirveli literaturul wyaros mivyavarT l.gvaramaZis 1962w. dabeWdil wignTan „mTawmindeli mocekvave~ es wigni gamocemis TariRiT ar aris uZvelesi, magram masSi moTxrobili istoriaa sakmaod Soreuli. 1847w. _ swored am wels daibada aleqsi aleqsiZe da albaT 1880-81-ian wlebSi daiwyo qarTuli cekvebis Seswavla. maT Soris cekva qarTulis. am wignSi sagulisxmo da sainteresoa swored is faqti, rom man cekva lekebisgan iswavla.

amitom momyavs amonaridi TvalsaCinoebisTvis am wignidan. erTxel „leqso~, rodesac skolaSi midioda, erT ezoSi uceb mocekvave lekebi dainaxa. es iyo moxetiale jgufi, romelic sul ori mocekvavisgan da ori damkvrelisgan Sedgeboda. erTi ukravda dairas, meore fandurs. fuls agrovebdnen, rom samSobloSi wasuliyvnen. lekebi Zalian kargad cekvavdnen. moxiblul leqsos skola gadaaviwyda da maTTan erTad ezo-ezo siaruli daiwyo.

ai ase iswavla aleqsi aleqsiZem cekva. me es faqti imitom CavTvale sainteresod, rom rogorc amave wignSi

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Semdeg 1902 wels, rodesac aleqsiZe Camoyalibebuli da cnobili mocekvave iyo, sakuTari studia gaxsna da cota xanSi, sabWoTa kavSiris dros, ukve saqarTveloSi iseTi kuTxe ar moiZebneboda, rom aleqsiZis moswavle ar SegxvedrodaT. misi moswavle iyo adamiani, romelmac Semdeg mTeli epoqa Seqmna qarTul qoreografiaSi. es iyo didi iliko suxiSvili.

am literaturli nawarmoebis Semdeg sainteresoa, ekaterine gabaSvilis `Tinas lekuri~, romelic dawerilia 1851 wlidan 1900 wlamde, xolo Semdeg ki „ilia zurabiSvilis `xalxis SemoqmedebiTi genia~ 1949w.

axla, rac Seexeba Tinas lekurs, ratom maincdamainc „Tinas lekuri~ da ara Tinas qarTuli?! ekaterine gabaSvili udidesi mwerali iyo, ilias da akakis Tanamokalme. igi ase ubralod ar dawerda am sityvebs. me am patara kvleva-Ziebis dros, samwuxarod, ver mivakvlie mwerlis Canawerebs, ra motivze, ra ambavze dawera es moTxroba, sainteresoa misi azri sadme Cawerili da ara misi literaturuli garCeva, radgan Cven SemTxvevaSi faqti gvainteresebs.

magram faqti erTia, vambobT da vamtkicebT, rom cekva qarTuls lekuri ar hqvia da Cven literaturaSi moiZebneba nawarmoebi, sadac qarTulia aRwerili da ,,lekuri~ hqvia. „Tinas lekuri~.

axla ki zurabiSvilis „xalxis SemoqmedebiTi genia~, sadac xdeba ambavi, sad Sesrulebul qarTulsa da lekurs aRgviwers igi?! kaxeTSi, sad mdebareobas es istoriuli gatanjuli kuTxe?! aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, sadac uamravi mteri gvesazRvreboda. zurabiSvilis dokumentur prozasac lekebTan da lekianobasTan mivyavarT.

am mxriv sainteresoa saqarTvelos istoria, mefe Teimurazis mefobis xana, sadac erekle jer kidev patara iyo. ukve gamefebuli erekle Tavis SviliSvils Semdegs uyveboda: ,,Cems siymawvileSi iseTi saSineli ambebi moxda saqarTveloSi meti aRar SeiZleba. Tu me ar moveswrebodi, erT qarTvelsac ver ipovidiT, sul gaTaTrdebodnen~. mefis es sityvebi zedmiwevniT kargad gamoxatavs im epoqas, roca

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saqarTveloSi qvebic ki tirodnen.jer kidev me-17 saukuneSi, CamoarTva Sah-abasma kaxeTis

samefos hereTis vakenis velis aRmosavleT ganapira Temi. me-18 saukunis ocian wlebSi, roca qarTli osmaloebma daipyres, maTi daxmarebiT lekebma aRmosavleT kaxeTSi alaznis mindvrebi da miwebi daitaces.

aTas Svidas ocian wlebSi, gatexes lekma feodalebma adgilobrivTa winaaRmdegoba da maT suniduri islami miaRebines, damorCilebuls qarTvelebs isini ingiloebs eZaxdnen.

sityva lekSi daaxloebiT ocdaaTi sxvadasxva ena-dialeqtze mosaubre xalxi igulisxmeboda: avarielebi, yurumuxebi, lezgebi, dazgebi, darveulebi, boTlisebri, kubasebri da sxvani. es CamonaTvali sainteresoa imiT, rom naxsenebia sityva „lezgebi` anu „lezginka~.

roca am kvleva-Ziebis dros aRmoCenilma istoriulma faqtebma es Sedegi manaxa, me kidev ufro Rrmad wavedi saqarTvelos istoriaSi.

Tqven albaT ggoniaT, rom Cemma Ziebam waarTva qarTvels cekva qarTuli, magram, saqarTvelos istoriaSi, cekva qarTulisken mimavali gza gacilebiT ufro Rrmaa.

msoflio rukaze saqarTvelos mdebareobis, zRvis da mTis aseTi harmoniuli Serwymis gamo saqarTvelos dRemde uamravi mteri hyavs. bevrjer iyo igi dapyrobili. swored am dapyrobebis, Tavis daxsnis wlebSi gamarTvis dros saqarTvelodan gahqondaT rogorc materialuri ganZi, aseve, kultura, tradicia, adaTi, wesi, rRveva da yvelaferi kargi, rac ki mters moewoneboda. aseve iZulebuli iyo dapyrobili qveyana, eRiarebina dampyroblis sarwmunoeba da kultura, garda am mZime warsulisa.

sad mdebareobs saqarTvelo?! igi gaSlilia evropisa da aziis gzakveTilze. viTarca maradisi maerTebeli umtkicesi rgoli, am ori didi, civilizebuli kontinentis. swored amitom sunTqavs mTeli misi istoria, evropisa da aziis ganuyrelad Serwymuli suliT.

swored amitom aris qarTuli kultura, qarTuli

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folklori, aseTi mravalferovani, igi saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi izrdeboda, yalibdeboda, itovebda da aZlevda sxva xalxebs sulier sazrdos. es adamianTa Soris Seuqcevadi procesia. kulturaTa cvlis dros Znelia daadgino sazRvrebi. es procesi SeumCneveli xdeba, roca raime didsa da Rirebuls Seqmnis drosTan erTad.

yvela literaturul wyaros, romelic me magaliTad moviyvane, marTlac mivyavarT lekebTan. amaze Tvalis daxuWva sisulelea, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom gasmebi da wreze davla Cven lekebma gvaswavles. verc imas ityvis vinme, rom lekebs Cven vaswavleT.

iseve, rogorc ar SegviZlia Cven gadaWriT vTqvaT, rom doli mxolod qarTuli sakravia, duduki mxolod qarTuli sakravia, salamuri mxolod qarTulia, garmoni mxolod qarTulia. yvela am nivTma, sxvadasxva JReradoba da ganviTareba hpova kavkasiel xalxSi, magram es sulac ar niSnavs imas, rom qarTuli zogadad kavkasiuri cekvaa. Cven mxolod masSi Sesuli kavkasiuri masala SeiZleba miviCnioT kavkasielebisaTvis damaxasiaTeblad. Tumca me amas ar vamtkiceb, es Cemi SesaZlo varaudia. „leks~ ar SeeZlo ecekva qalTan, amitom mxolod mamakacebi cekvavdnen, magram teqnologiuri masala igivea. qarTvel qals ecekveboda imave teqnologiuri masaliT. vfiqrob, aq Tukidides sityvebi gamogvadgeba: „ufro Zvel ambavTa zusti gamokvleva ar moxerxdeba drois siSoris gamo~. ai aq Znelia swored sazRvrebis dadgena, vin waiRo da vin ara da ara cekva, aramed masala. adamians istoriaSi ase Rrmad rom SeeZlos Casvla, maSin imasac SeZleboda daedgina, vin aris ama Tu im ferxulSi konkretuli avtori. radgan viRac erTi aucileblad aris yvelaferSi ideis avtori. aqedan gamomdinare, qarTulSi Semaval teqnologiur masalebsac eyoleba avtori. rac Seexeba cekva qarTulis dRevandel saxes Tavisi dramaturgiiT, es udavod qarTulia, masSi asaxuli urTierTobebi da grZnobebi udavod qarTulia da misi am saxiT arseboba, rogorc axla gvxvdeba, jer qarTveli xalxis, xolo Semdeg, iliko suxiSvilis damsaxurebaa.

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Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, swored iliko suxiSvilma da nino ramiSvilma misca am cekvas is saboloo saxe, romliTac vamayobT.

mecnierebi amtkiceben, rom cekva `qarTuli~ qarTulia da sxva arc erTi eris ar aris. mec, ra Tqma unda, viziareb am azrs, magram teqnologiuri masala Cemi varaudiT, ar aris mxolod qarTulisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli. swored aman gamoiwvia am xnis ganmavlobaSi kamaTi. Cemi Temis mizani swored is aris, davafiqsiro azri ara marto cekvis mimarT, aramed masSi arsebuli teqnologiuri masalic mimarTac. swored amitom moviyvane magaliTad amdeni literaturuli da istoriuli faqti, Cemi Temis mTavari saTqmeli aris is, rom „cekva qarTuli~ namdvilad arsebobs da igi namdvilad Cvenia, xolo zogierTi teqnologiuri masala zogadad kavkasiel xalxSi aris gavrcelebuli, radgan zogadad kavkasielebi gvqvia, ese igi saerToc gvaqvs da es saerTo am aspeqtSic gamoixateba.

saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis Teatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo ... · saukeTeso Temis avtori. es gaxldaT...

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