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Smochinele - fructe mici, delicioase, cu un gust dulce-acri or i suculente atunci cnd sunt proaspete - erau considerate fructele preferate ale Cleopatrei i ocupau unloc foarte important n multe culturi din ntreaga lume, numrndu-se printre primelefructe pe care le-a cunoscut omul.

Foto: (c) CRISTIAN NISTOR/AGERPRES ARHIV

Cunoscut nc din anticitat!" !#i$t!nii su$%anu&indu' ai&!ntu &uti*unc iona" s&ocinus'a a*at $%int%! $%i&!! $ant! cuti+at! d! o&, -n a%tico n %!+ista ..Sci!nc!.. d!sc%i!d!sco$!%i%!a a nou s&ocini *osiia i" data i n 0u%u anio% 1233'1433 ,H%," n a !a%!a n!oitic Gi#a I" n Va!a Io%danuui, 5ato%it *a$tuui c s&ocinii sunt d! ti$u $a%t!noca%$io"*ac $a%t! din s$!cii! do&!stic!" $asa i naint!a #%6uui" a o%uui i a !#u&!o%,

S&ocinu (Ficus ca%ica) !st! un a%7o%! &ic sau un a%7ust din *a&iia 8o%ac!a!" una dint%!nu&!%oas!! s$!cii a! #!nuui Ficus, O%i#ina% din Asia sud'occid!nta" c%! t! su7 *o%&s7atic i n ona 8%ii 8!dit!%an!, 9n Ro&6nia c%! t! n ona 5o7%o#!i" da% $oat! *i cuti+at i n at! on!,

-nii s&ocini sunt %!*o%!sc!n i" $%oduc dou %!cot! anua" una n $%i&+a% i ata a s*6% itu +!%ii, S&ocinii *ac un!o%i cia% t%!i %!cot! $! an i $ot t%i $6n a +6%sta d! 3 d! ani,

P%oduc! *%uct! d! *o%& conic" ca%! sunt casi*icat! du$ +a%i!t i i anoti&$u%i: s&ocin! a7!" s&ocin! %!#in" s&ocin! n!#%! i d! $%i&+a%, 9n *unc i! d! s$!ci!" *%uct!! $ot a+!a cuoa%!a: n!a#%" %o i!" #a7!n" &o+" +!%d! i &a%o, S&ocina a%! un &i%os duc!a#" o a%o& d!icat i $t%untoa%!, F%uctu s! to$! t! n #u% i as o s!na i! d! $%os$! i&!" cu un $a%*u& su7ti" n!d!*init, S&ocin!! sunt $in! d! s!&in !,

Ac!st a%7ust $%oduc! un at!; i%itant" da% cu $%o$%i!t i cu%ati+!" ia% n sco$ *itot!%a$!utic suntutiiat! nd!s!7i *%uct!! i *%un!!,

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S&ocinu a%! n co&$oi ia ci&ic nu&!%oas! su7stan ! 7!n!*ic!: 2= a$" $%ot!in! >=" #ucid! >?'>=" &at!%ii aotat!"c!uo" acii" $!ctin" +ita&ina A" " @ ca/>33#, Indi*!%!nt d! *o%&a o% sunt *oa%t! %nitoa%!,

S&ocin!! sunt uti! n cu%!! d! s7it dato%it con inutuui d! acii #%a i o&!#a @ i o&!#a B ca%! acc!!%!a &o7iia%!a #%si&io% din !sutu adi$os" *iind totodat *oa%t! s%ac! n cao%ii"#ucid! i i$id!" n ciuda #ustuui d!icios $! ca%! au,

C!a &ai utiiat $%o$%i!tat! a s&ocin!o%" d!'a un#u ti&$uui" a *ost c!a a;ati+, P%!$a%at! n&ai &ut! *!u%i" s&ocin!! $ot co&7at! !*ici!nt consti$a ia,

P%in con inutu %idicat d! caciu i *os*o%" d! dou o%i &ai &ut d!c6t a$t!!" consu&u d! s&ocin! $oat! $%!+!ni ost!o$o%oa" *iind uti co$iio% a*a i n $!%ioada d! c%! t!%! $%!cu& i tutu%o% $!%soan!o% $%!dis$us! a i$ocac!&i! (i$sa d! caciu n s6n#!), as! s&ocin! con in a *! d! &ut caciu ca o 0u&tat! d! c!a c d! a$t! d!#%!sat,

S&ocinu a%! !*!ct! !&oi!nt!" ca&ant!" toni*iant!" +ita&iniant!" a;ati+!" !&ostatic! iantiin*a&ato%ii,

F%uct!! consu&at! ca ata%! (c%ud! sau uscat!)" in*uia din *%uct!" *%uct! *i!%t! n a$t!" $asat! cu&i;!%u sau d!coctu d! *%un! sunt %!co&andat! n t%ata%!a u%&toa%!o% a*!c iuni: tu7u%%ici%cuato%ii i %!na!" a&i#dait" an#in" ast!ni! *iic i $siic" 7%on it! c%onic!" cicu

&!nst%ua n!%!#uat" cistit!" coit!" consti$a ii c%onic!" du%!%i" #ast%it" #utu%ai $%!un#it"in*a&a ii $u&ona%! i a! #6tuui" inso&nii" i%ita ii #ast%oint!stina!" n!*%it!" $n!u&onii" %c!a" stadii *!7%i! acut!" sto&atit!" tus!" #in#i+it! i +i!%&i int!stinai, F%un!! d! s&ocin au$%o$%i!t i antidia7!tic!, T%i$to*anu" $%!!nt n s&ocin!" induc! un so&n 7un i a0ut a ntu%a%!a uno% tu7u%%i a! so&nuui $%!cu& inso&nia,

9n u !;t!%n sunt *oosit! %&u%!!! tin!%! din ca%! s! !;t%a#! at!;u" o su7stan ca%! $oat!di&inua $!t!! d! +itii#o, 5! as!&!n!a" *%uct!! *i!%t! n a$t! i a$icat! a ni+! oca $ot #%7i+ind!ca%!a a7c!s!o%" a $#io%" a 7ttu%io%" a *u%uncu!o% i a n!#io%,

-n!! studii au co%!at ni+!u scut d! $otasiu din di!t cu t!nsiun!a a%t!%ia c%!scut, Potasiu!st! un &in!%a ca%! a0ut %inicii s *unc ion!! no%&a, Est!" d! as!&!n!a" un !!ct%oit" o

su7stan ca%! conduc! !!ct%icitat!a n co%$" &$%!un cu sodiu" co%" caciu i &a#n!iu, Potasiu !st! !s!n ia *unc i!i ca%diac! i 0oac un %o c!i! n cont%ac ia &uscuatu%ii sc!!tic! i n!t!d!" c!!a c! !st! i&$o%tant $!nt%u *unc iona%!a no%&a a a$a%atuui di#!sti+ i &uscua%, -n studiu $u7icat n A%ci+!s o* Int!%na 8!dicin!" n *!7%ua%i! 433>" %!aiat $! &ai &ut d! >,333d! adu i" a indicat *a$tu c a$o%tu ad!c+at d! $otasiu din *%uct! i !#u&! $oat! scd!a t!nsiun!a a%t!%ia,

Ac!st *%uct !st! un ai&!nt *oa%t! acain" $%in u%&a%!" a0uta a %!#a%!a $H'uui co%$uui,S&ocin!! sunt 7o#at! n $oi*!noi i *a+onoid!, Ac! ti co&$u i sunt antio;idan i" ca%! $%!+in $%o7!&!! $%o+ocat! d! %adicaii i7!%i, E! sunt 7o#at! n *i7%! ai&!nta%!" ca%! $%ot!0!a i&$ot%i+a canc!%uui d! coon i d! s6n, S&ocin!! sunt o su%s 7o#at d! 7!nad!id" una#!nt anticanc!%i#!n, F%uct!! con in $!ctin" o *i7% sou7i ca%! a0ut a scd!%!a ni+!uui d!co!st!%o,

Foto: (c) CRISTIAN NISTOR/AGERPRES ARHIV

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S&ocin!! sau a$t!! d! s&ocin! au nc!$ut nc!t'nc!t s i *ac a$a%i ia n do&!niu cos&!ticii 7io" dato%it $%o$%i!t io% 7!n!*ic! adus! $i!ii co%$uui i t!nuui, Vi%tu i! s&ocin!o% sunt &ut! i s! dato%!a $%!!n !i +ita&in!o% i a aciio% #%a i !s!n iai,

P%!cau ii i cont%aindica ii: S&ocin!! sunt 7o#at! n anu&it! s%u%i nu&it! o;aa i" ca%! n! ..*u%.. din d!$oit!! d! caciu i *i!%, P%in u%&a%!" co$iii &ici" $!%soan!! an!&ic! i #%a+id!! nu t%!7ui! s !;a#!%!! cu consu&u d! s&ocin!,

Foosit! d! c!! &ai &ut! o%i $!nt%u t%ata%!a canc!%u d! $i!!" n cau n ca%! sunt consu&at!!;c!si+ $! ti&$ d! +a%" $ot a+!a !*!ct! n!#ati+! asu$%a $i!ii" ac!asta d!+!nind &ut &ai+un!%a7i n *a a %a!o% ut%a+io!t!, -n consu& !;c!si+ d! s&ocin! $oat! c%! t! %iscu d!

*%actu%i sau d! a$a%i i! a ost!o$o%o!i o%i a a*!c iunio% osoas!, Ac!st uc%u s! nt6&$ din caua *a$tuui c s&ocin!! con in o;aa i" co&$u i ca%! int!%*!%!a cu a7so%7 ia caciuui n co%$" n!c!sa% snt ii oas!o%,

AGERPRES/(5ocu&!nta%! D 5ani!a 5u&it%!scu" !dito%: 8a%ina