Road to Independence
description
Transcript of Road to Independence
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Road to Independence
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Revenue
• Incoming money
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Writ of Assistance
• a legal document that enabled officers to search homes and warehouses for goods that might be smuggled
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Sugar Act
• lowered the tax on molasses imported by colonists
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Stamp Act
• placed a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies
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Patrick Henry
• convinced the Virginia burgesses to pass a resolution about the Stamp Act saying only Virginia could tax Virginians
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Resolution
• a formal expression of opinion
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Samuel Adams
• Organized the Sons of Liberty– Sons of Liberty were a group that took to the
streets to protest the Stamp Act• Participated in the Boston Tea Party
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Effigies
• Rag figures that represent a person
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Stamp Act Congress
• declared that the colonies could not be taxed except by their own assemblies
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Boycott
• Refuse to buy
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Nonimportation
• The act of not importing or using certain goods
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Repeal
• cancel
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Declaratory Act
• stated that Parliament had the right to tax and make decisions for the colonists “in all cases.”
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Townshend Acts
• Taxed all goods being imported to the colonies, with the tax being paid at the port of entry
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Daughters of Liberty
• Protested the Townshend Acts • Urged Americans to wear homemade fabrics
and produce goods usually only available from Britain
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Crispus Attucks
• Half Indian halfAfrican American dock worker killed in the Boston Massacre
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Boston Massacre
• Incident between colonists and British Red Coats on King Street
• 5 colonists were killed• Engraving by Paul Revere helped strengthen
anti-British feelings
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Propaganda
• information designed to influence opinion
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Committee of Correspondence
• An organization that spread political ideas through the colonies
• Restarted by Samuel Adams
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Tea Act
• gave East India Company the right to ship tea to the colonies without paying most of the taxes and to sell directly to colonial shopkeepers at a low price
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Boston Tea Party
• Men disguised as Mohawks threw chests of tea into the Boston Harbor in protest of the Tea Act
• Many colonists celebrated the act of defiance• Included Samuel Adams
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King George III
• The King of England during the American Revolutionary War
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Coercive Acts
• closed Boston Harbor until the Massachusetts colonists paid for the destroyed tea
• stopped the arrival of food and other supplies• prevented town meetings or any form of self
government• forced Bostonians to shelter British soldiers in
their homes• colonists referred to these laws as the Intolerable
Acts
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(First) Continental Congress
• Delegates sent to Philadelphia to establish a political body to represent American interests and challenge British control
• Every colony was represented except Georgia• Called for boycott of all British goods and
trade with Britain
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Suffolk Resolves
• called on the people of Suffolk County to arm themselves against the British
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Militias
• Civilians trained to fight in emergencies
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Minutemen
• Companies of civilian soldiers who boasted that they were ready to fight on a minutes notice
• Led by Captain John Parker
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Concord
• Town where Massachusetts minutemen stored arms (weapons)
• British General Thomas Gage was ordered to take the Massachusetts militia’s weapons
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“The regulars are out!”
• Paul Revere and William Dawes rode to Lexington to warn John Hancock and Samuel Adams (both members of the Sons of Liberty) that the British were coming
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Land or Sea?
• “One if by land, and two if by sea”• From a poem by Henry Wadsworth called Paul
Revere’s Ride• Refers to Revere’s backup plan to have
lanterns lit to tell other Patriots of the path the British were taking en route to Concord
• The signal was set up at the Old North Church in Boston
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Shot Heard Round the World
• A line in a Ralph Waldo Emerson poem called “Concord Hymn” describing the beginning of the American Revolutionary War
• Nobody knows who fired the shot• Later used in other parts of the world to
describe the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand that began WWI
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By the rude bridge that arched the flood,Their flag to April's breeze unfurled,Here once the embattled farmers stood,And fired the shot heard round the world.
The foe long since in silence slept;Alike the conqueror silent sleeps;And Time the ruined bridge has sweptDown the dark stream which seaward creeps.On this green bank, by this soft stream,We set to-day a votive stone;That memory may their deed redeem,When, like our sires, our sons are gone.Spirit, that made those heroes dareTo die, and leave their children free,Bid Time and Nature gently spareThe shaft we raise to them and thee.
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Concord’s North Bridge
• Sight of the Battle of Concord in which minutemen repelled the British Army
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Colonel William Prescott
• Led the American military in the Battle of Bunker Hill
• Famously told his men “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes.”
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Battle of Bunker Hill
• Won by the British after the Americans ran out of gun powder.
• Showed the British that a war against the Americans would not be quick and easy.
• The battle actually took place on Breed’s Hill
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Loyalists
• Colonists who chose to side with the British• Did not think unfair taxes were a good reason
for rebellion
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Patriots
• American colonists who were determined to fight the British until American independence was won
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Second Continental Congress
• Governed the colonies• John Hancock was president• Approved the printing of money• Created a postal service with Benjamin
Franklin in charge• Created the Continental Army to fight the
British with George Washington as its commander
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Petition
• Formal request
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Olive Branch Petition
• assured the king that the colonists wanted peace
• asked the king to protect the colonists’ rights
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Common Sense
• Written by Thomas Paine• Said the issue was freedom, not just taxes• Called for complete independence from
Britain
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Thomas Jefferson
• Wrote the Declaration of Independence
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John Hancock
• President of the Second Continental Congress• First to sign the Declaration of Independence• Said he signed his name big enough that King
George could read it without his glasses
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Declaration of Independence
• Declared the United States of America as an independent nation
• Signed by 56 delegates on July 4, 1776
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Preamble
• the introduction to a formal document, especially the Constitution
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We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life,
Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness
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Propaganda By: Stuck Mojo
• Propaganda. Don't believe the hype.Propaganda. Don't believe the hype.Propaganda. What lies do you read?Propaganda. Tell me, what do you believe?Propaganda. Is white really good?Propaganda. Is black really bad?
• Propaganda. We're talking about propaganda.
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