rk-5gprsfinal-090831111330-phpapp01 (1)

7/23/2019 rk-5gprsfinal-090831111330-phpapp01 (1)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/rk-5gprsfinal-090831111330-phpapp01-1 1/52

General Packet Radio ServiceGeneral Packet Radio Service(GPRS)(GPRS)

A new Dimension to Wireless A new Dimension to Wireless

CommunicationCommunication



Contents of PresentationContents of PresentationGPRS and its Features

GPRS Network ArchitectureGPRS Protocol ArchitectureGPRS ack!one NetworkGPRS interworkin" with #$ternal Network

Call routin" in GPRSSession %ana"ement in GPRS &ocation %ana"ement in GPRS%o!ilit' %ana"ement in GPRS

&o"ical Channels of GPRSGPRS Alications



Constraints with e$istin"Constraints with e$istin"

networknetwork Data Rates too slow * a!out +,- k!s

Connection setu time too lon"

.nefficient resource utili/ation for !urst'

traffic

Proves e$ensive for !urst' traffic

utili/ation No efficient method for acket transfers



Comarison of GS% 0Comarison of GS% 0

GPRSGPRS

GSM GPRSData Rates 9.6 Kbps 14.4 to 115.2

Kbps

Modulation

Technique

GMSK GMSK

illin! Du"ation o#connection

$%ount o#data

t"ans#e""edT&pe o#'onnection

'i"cuit ( S)itchedTechnolo!&

Pac*et +S)itched

Technolo!&



GPRS in .ND.AGPRS in .ND.A

P& %o!ileharti Cellular

1utchison %a$1utchison #ssar .dea Cellular



What is GPRS 2What is GPRS 2

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is anew !earer service for GS% that "reatl'

imroves and simlifies wireless access to

acket data networks

GPRS alies acket radio rincial to

transfer user data ackets in an efficient wa'

!3w %S 0 e$ternal acket data network



enefits of GPRSenefits of GPRS

New Data Services

1i"h Seed (Data Rate 45,5 * 446 k!s)

#fficient use of radio !andwith (Statistical%ultile$in")

Circuit switchin" 0 Packet Switchin" can !e

used in arallelConstant connectivit'



Statistical %ultile$in"Statistical %ultile$in"



Salient Features of GPRSSalient Features of GPRS

.mortant ste on the ath to 7GStandardi/ed !' #8S.GPRS is an overla' network over the GS%

Provides Data Packet deliver' serviceSuort for leadin" internet communication

rotocolsillin" !ased on volume of data transferred9tili/es e$istin" GS% authentication and

rivac' rocedures,



1i"h Data Rate1i"h Data Rate

GPRS uses radio channel i,e, :;; k1/ wideRadio channel carries di"ital data stream of

:<4 k!s

8his rate is divided into = time slots eachcarr'in" 75 k!s er time slot

Data rate 45 k!s er time slot achieved after

correctionsGPRS can com!ine uto = time slots "ivin"

data rate of 445 k!s

GPRS S i



GPRS ServicesGPRS Services

>ffers end?to?end acket switched data transfer

Bearer Services

P8P ? Point?8o?Point service (C&NS mode)

P8% ? Point?8o?%ultioint service(C>NS %ode)

P8%?% %ulticast service

P8%?G Grou call service

Supplementary Services S%SShort %essa"e Service

CF9 Call Forwardin" 9nconditional



GPRS Services (Contd,)GPRS Services (Contd,)

CFNRc Call Forwardin" on mo!ile su!scri!ernot reacha!le

C9G Closed 9ser Grou

8ele action@ access to data !ases Quality of Service

GPRS allows definin" oS rofiles

Service recedence@ relia!ilit'@ dela'@throu"hut

G S



GPRS 8erminalsGPRS 8erminals Class A

* %S suorts simultaneous oeration ofGPRS and GS% services

Class B * %S a!le to re"ister with the n3w for !oth

GPRS 0 GS% services simultaneousl',.t can onl' use one of the two servicesat a "iven time,

Class C? %S can attach for either GPRS or GS%services



GPRS Network #lementsGPRS Network #lements

GPRS Architecture is same as GS% e$cet

few hardware modifications B

GPRS includes GSNs

SGSN B Servin" GPRS SuortNode

GGSN B Gatewa' GPRS Suort

Node

GPRS Re"ister

GS% SS8#% ARC1.8#C89R#



GS% SS8#% ARC1.8#C89R#

MS

TS

PST,-SD,PD,SC

SC

%SC3&R

%S

%S

8S

8S

G%SC

#.R

A9C

1&R



GPRS SS8#% ARC1.8#C89R#

BSC

SGSN

MS

BTS

BTS

Other

GPRS

PLMN

GGSN

PDN

Gb

Gd

Gp

Gn

Gf

Gs

Gc

GGSN

EIRHR!G"RS

Re#ister

$SC%&R

'

S$S(G$SCS$S(IN$SC

Gi

Gr



.nterfaces.nterfaces

G! * Connects SC with SGSN

Gn * SGSN * SGSN3GGSN (in the samenetwork)

G * SGSN *GGSN (in different networks)

Gf * For eEuiment Euer'in" at re"isterin"timeGi * Connects P&%N with e$ternal Packet

Data Networks (PDNs)

Gr * 8o e$chan"e 9ser rofile !etween 1&R0 SGSN

Gs * 8o e$chan"e Data!ase !etweenSGSN 0 %SC

Gd * .nterface !etween S%S 0 GPRS



SGSN * Servin" GPRSSGSN * Servin" GPRS

Suort NodeSuort Node Delivers data ackets to mo!ile stations 0 vice?

versa

Detect and Re"ister new GPRS %S in its servin"

area

Packet Routin"@ 8ransfer 0 %o!ilit' %ana"ement

Authentication@ %aintainin" user rofiles

.ts location re"ister stores location info, 0 userrofiles



GGSN * Gatewa' GPRSGGSN * Gatewa' GPRS

Suort NodeSuort Node .nterfaces GPRS !ack!one network 0 e$ternal acket data

networks

Converts the GPRS ackets from SGSN to the PDP format

Converts PDP addresses chan"e to GS% addresses of the

destination user

Stores the current SGSN address and rofile of the user in

its location re"ister

Performs authentication

%an'?to? man' relations amon" SGSNs 0 GGSNs



GPRS Re"ister GPRS Re"ister

GPRS Re"ister is inte"rated with GS%?1&R,

%aintains the GPRS su!scri!er data and

Routin" information,Stores current SGSN address



GPRS ack!one NetworkGPRS ack!one Network

GSNs are connected throu"h .P !ased !ack!one

8wo ack!onesB

* .ntra P&%N !ack!one networks that connectsGSNs of the same P&%N 0 are rivate .Pnetworks

* .nter P&%N !ack!one networks that connectsGSNs of the different P&%N, Roamin" a"reementis necessar'

GPRS 8unnelin" rotocol (G8P)

P&%N? .nter P&%N interconnect are called order"atewa's (erforms securit' functions to rotect.ntra? P&%N !ack!one a"ainst unauthori/ed usersand attacks),

G"RS BAC)B*NE NET+*R)



G"RS BAC)B*NE NET+*R)

inter?P&%N

GPRS !ack!one

#$ternal Packet

Data Network (PDN)

intra?P&%N

GPRS !ack!one

intra?P&%N

GPRS !ack!one

PLMN1

PLMN2

SGSN

SGSNSGSN

GGSNGGSN

order"atewa'

order

"atewa'

Gp

Gn

Gi

Gn

Gn

BTSBTS

BSCBSC

Host

Router AN

$S

Gi

Gn

GnGp



Protocol StackProtocol Stack

GS$ R,

SN'C"

I" % -./0

Application

1m GnGb

$AC

RC

C

I" % -./0

GT"

2

/

C

GS$ R,

,rame

Relay

$AC

RC BSSG"

2bis

BSSG"

,rame

Relay

C

SN'C" GT"

2bis 2

/

I"

$S BSS 3"C14 SGSN GGSN Gi

I"

1'"%

TC"

1'"%

TC"



SNDCP ? Su! Network DeendentSNDCP ? Su! Network Deendent

Conver"ence ProtocolConver"ence Protocol9sed to transfer data ackets !etween SGSN

and %S

%ultile$in" of several connections ofnetwork la'er onto one lo"ical connection ofunderl'in" &&C la'er

Comression and decomression of userdata and header information



Data &ink la'er Data &ink la'er

Divided into two su! la'ers B

&&C la'er (!etween %S?SGSN)

R&C3%AC (!etween %S?SS)



&&C?&o"ical &ink Control&&C?&o"ical &ink Control

#sta!lishes hi"hl' relia!le lo"ical link

!etween %S 0 its assi"ned SGSN

Works either in acknowled"ed or

unacknowled"ed modes

Data confidentialit' is ensured !' ciherin"

functions

R&C3%AC &R&C3%AC &



R&C3%AC &a'er R&C3%AC &a'er Radio &ink Control(R&C)

#sta!lish a relia!le link !etween %S 0 SS Se"mentation and reassem!l' of &&C framesinto R&C data !locks

%edium Access Control(%AC)

Controls access attemts of an %S on radiochannels shared !' several %Ss

#mlo's al"os, for contention resolution@multiuser multile$in" on PD8C1

oth ack and unack, %odes of oeration aresuorted in R&C3%AC la'er



Ph'sical &a'er Ph'sical &a'er

Divided into two su! la'ers B Ph'sical &ink &a'er (P&&) Ph'sical RF &a'er (RF&)

P&& * Provides a h'sical channel !etween %Sand SS Channel codin"@ interleavin"@ detection of

h'sical link con"estion

RF& ? >erates !elow P&&



SSGP?(SS GPRSSSGP?(SS GPRS

Alication Protocol) Alication Protocol)

Delivers routin" 0 ualit' of Servicerelated information !etween SS and

SGSN



G8P * GPRS 8unnelin"G8P * GPRS 8unnelin"

ProtocolProtocolG8P tunnels user data ackets and related

si"nalin" information !etween GSNs

Si"nalin" is used to create@ modif' and deletetunnels

Defined !oth at Gn and G interface

elow G8P@ 8CP or 9DP are emlo'ed to

transort the G8P Packets within !ack!one

network



.nter workin" with .P.nter workin" with .P

networksnetworks

GPRS n3w can !e interconnected with an .P?

!ased acket data network

GPRS suorts !oth .Pv5 and .Pv-

GPRS n3w looks like .P su! network and

GGSN looks like a .P router

D1CP@ DNS servers are installed



GPRS *.nternet ConnectionGPRS *.nternet Connection



CA&& R>98.NGCA&& R>98.NG

D$T$ '$ /RG-,$T-,G

D$T$ '$ T0RM-,$T-,G

'ATA CA R*1TING



'ATA CA R*1TING

inter?P&%N

GPRS !ack!one

#$ternal Packet

data network(PDN)

.ntra?P&%N

GPRS !ack!one

intra?P&%N

GPRS !ack!one

PLMN1

PLMN2

SGSN

SGSNSGSN

GGSNGGSN

order"atewa'

order

"atewa'

Gp

Gn

Gi

Gn

Gn

BTSBTS

BSCBSC

Host

Router LAN

$S



S#SS.>N %ANAG#%#N8 .NS#SS.>N %ANAG#%#N8 .NGPRSGPRS

0



Attachment 0 Detachment Attachment 0 Detachment

ProcedureProcedureG"RS attac5

? 9ser is re"istered in SGSN@ after authentication checkfrom 1&R

? SGSN assi"ns P?8%S. to %S

G"RS detac5? Disconnection of %S from GPRS network is called

GPRS detach

? .t can !e initiated !' %S or !' network(SGSN or 1&R)



Session %ana"ementSession %ana"ement

%o!ile Station alies for PDP addressFor each session "'" conte6t is created 0 it

contains *PDP t'e

*PDP addressed assi"ned to %S * Address of GGSN that servers access oint

to PDN

With active PDP conte$t %S a!le to send orreceive data ackets

Allocation of PDP address can !e static or d'namic



PDP Conte$t ActivationPDP Conte$t Activation



&>CA8.>N %ANAG#%#N8&>CA8.>N %ANAG#%#N8

.N GPRS.N GPRS

St t % d l f GPRS %SSt t % d l f GPRS %S



State %odel of GPRS %SState %odel of GPRS %S



&ocation %ana"ement&ocation %ana"ement

%o!ile station can !e in 4 of the 7 states

deendin" on traffic amount

* Idle B %S is not usin" GPRS service

* Ready B Performin" GPRS Attach@

%S "ets into R#AD State

* Standby B When %S does not send an'ackets for lon"er eriod of time@

Read' timer #$ires



Routin" Area 9dateRoutin" Area 9date

GS% &ocation Area(&A) is divided intoseveral Routin" Areas(RA)

RA consists of several cells

SGSN is informed when %S moves to a newRA

%S sends a Routin" Area 9date ReEuest

to its assi"ned SGSN



8'es of Routin" Area8'es of Routin" Area

9date9date .ntra SGSN Routin" Area 9date

.nter SGSN Routin" Area 9date



Routin" Area 9dateRoutin" Area 9date



%o!ilit' %ana"ement%o!ilit' %ana"ement

Consists of two levelsB

%icro mo!ilit' mana"ement B

? 8racks the current RA or cell of %S

? .t is erformed !' SGSN

%acro mo!ilit' mana"ement B

? Hee tracks of %SIs current SGSN

? Stores it in 1&R@ &R@ and GGSN



Channels in GPRSChannels in GPRS

o!ical 'hannel

( T"a##ic 'hannels

( Si!nalin! 'hannels 'ont"ol 'hannels

Ph&sical 'hannels

&o"ical Channels&o"ical Channels



&o"ical Channels&o"ical ChannelsGroup C5a nne l ,unction 'ire ction

Packet datatraffic

channel

PD8C1 Data traffic %S SS

Packet

!roadcast

control

channel

PCC1 roadcast

control

%S SS

PRAC1 Random

access

%S SS

PAGC1 Access

"rant

%S SS

PPC1 Pa"in" %S SSPNC1 Notification %S SS

PACC1 Associated

control

%S SS

P8CC1 8imin"

advancecontrol

%S SS

Packet

common

control

channel

(PCCC1)

Packet

dedicated

control

channels



Packet Data Channel(PDC1)Packet Data Channel(PDC1)

Ph'sical Channel for GPRS 8rafficPDC1 are taken from all channels availa!le

in the cellDeendin" on current traffic load and riorit'of service@ the h'sical channel are allocatedto either GPRS or GS% services,

Ph'sical channels not currentl' used !' GS%can !e allocated as PDC1 to increase the>S for GPRS

%ultiframe Structure of%ultiframe Structure of



%ultiframe Structure of%ultiframe Structure of

PDC1PDC1

Four consecutive TDMA frame forms one !oc" # B$ % B11T&o TDMA frames for transmission of PT''H # T

T&o ()!e frames # *

illiilli



illin"illin"

GGSN

MS'

PSTN

BS'

SGSNGPRS

Net&or"

'har+in+ Gate&a,

Me)iation

MS'

Bi!!in+



Alications of GPRS Alications of GPRS

We! !rowsin"

Cororate 0 .nternet #mail

ehicle Positionin"

Remote &AN Access

1ome Automation

Document Sharin"3Colla!orative

workin"



81ANH81ANH >9>9

rk-5gprsfinal-090831111330-phpapp01 (1)

Documents

Transcript of rk-5gprsfinal-090831111330-phpapp01 (1)