Risk Ppt Petro

8/8/2019 Risk Ppt Petro

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PETROCHEMICAL REFINERY

By:-

Shikha Jaglan

Abhishek MalikAmit Sinha

Abhinav Sharan


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RISK MANAGEMENT OF

PETROCHEMICAL REFINERY

INTRODUCTION In the competitive world of today, companies need safe and reliable

operations for the wellbeing of employees, people in the community and

the environment.

We need to verify or make certain that our activities are safe enough.To go further with this statement we need to ask ourselves:-

What do we mean by safe enough? How do we verify that anacceptable level of safety has been achieved

What is the metric that we use for measuring risk ?


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Why Petrochemical ?

The petrochemical process industries represent a significant contribution tothe world economy.

Equipment failures or operator errors can lead to sudden and unexpectedchanges in the plant operation.

If these disruptions to normal process operation exceed the capabilities ofthe operators or the capacity of the safety systems, a severe accident can

occur, potentially producing a devastating fire, explosion, or toxic release.

The industry is potentially more hazardous than others.


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Process Overflow


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Crude oil processing1. High Temperature

2. High Pressure


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Risk Identification

At Furnace1. BLEVE, is an acronym for "boiling liquid expanding vapourexplosion". This is a type of explosion that can occur when a vesselcontaining a pressurized liquid is ruptured. Such explosions can beextremely hazardous. "Blast Levelling Everything Very Effectively.


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2. Vapor Cloud Explosion:-(1) Sudden release of a large quantity of flammable vapor. Typically

this occurs when a vessel, containing a superheated and pressurizedliquid, ruptures.(2) Dispersion of the vapor throughout the plant site while mixingwith air.(3) Ignition of the resulting vapor cloud.


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3. Rupturing of PIPE

4. Short Circuit E.g. IOCL The fire broke out when petrolwas being transferred from depot to pipeline. There was aleak in valve of pipeline, which connected fuel tank to

distribution point. The fire caused due to short circuit.5. Contamination of storage tanks. This can happen due tocorrosion inside the tank , reaction with the underground

water (soil).This also includes spill or leak from the tank .


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Risk Assessment

ALARP-as low as reasonably

practicable


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Fault tree AnalysisExplosion in a furnace

OVER PRSSURE Source of

ignition

Electricalspark

Flamesnear

furnace

Burning

cigarette

Failure ofearthing

Inside therefinery Outside

sources

Extra

heatingof gases

Failure

of safetyvalve

Corrosion

of criticalparts ofboiler

Negligenceby

employees

Poor

maintenance


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Risk Control

The process of risk control embodies two methods:-1. Risk avoidance:-

a. Effecting changes in the nature of theorganizations activities

b. Changing the location of premises2. Risk reduction(loss prevention)Fire prevention measures:-a. safety education, increase the intensity of training

b. Most Petrochemical fire Accident that the main

factors causing fire accidents is human, material andenvironment, people are the most fundamental factor.Stringent fire safety management, standard workpractices are needed.


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Fire preventive measures contd.


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Analysis of losses

(overall)

100

16.2

15.2

7.0


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Conclusions and Recommendations

Most of the risks are very hazardous so proper

checklists should be maintained . Minimize human error by providing propertraining.

Promote ownership of machinery/furnaces

among the workers. Balance competing goals of security of supply,

affordability, meeting demand growth andclimate change considerations.


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Thank You

Any Questions?

Risk Ppt Petro

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