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RISE OF NATIONLISM²

FREEDOM MOVEMENT NATIONAL: group of people belonging

to single race and of common ancestral origin

=> DIFFERNCE: Indian nationalism wasdifferent form Europe

=> INDIAN NATIONALISM : British rule in India

destroyed old social, political and economic

system.Change helped people to unite and organise

into a Nation

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FACTORS AND FORCES²

POLITICAL ASSOCIATIONS1.EDUCATED INDIAN : They knew english people enjoyed

democratic principles like liberty &

equality.

2. POLITICAL ASSOCIATION :They were formed in Calcutta,Bombay ,

Madras.

3.OBJECTIVES : Demand for a share in Indianadministration, end

racial discrimination,reduce taxes.

4.STEPS OF BRITISH GOVT :passed repressive acts

:forbade indians from possessing arms

:forbade freedom of press

5.ALL INDIA ORGANISATION :Indians came to a common platforms.

: All india national conference was held at

Calcutta in 1883 .

: leaders expressed their opinions for united

action Indian.

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FORMATION OF THE INDIAN

NATIONAL CONGRESS 1885

1.LEADERS: Dadbhai Nouroji,Feroz shah Mehta ,S.subramanya Iyer etc

2.NEW CHAPTER IN BRITISHRULE: congress' openednew chapter in British rule inIndia.

3. OBJECTIVES: To bringleaders of India to a commonplatform

4. ANNUAL MEETING:Congress met annually atdifferent places of country inDecember 

5. Retired british official A.OHume played important role

in its formation

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EARLY PHASE OF FREEDOM

MOVEMENT FROM 1885-1905

1.FIRST PHASE :1885-1905"moderate period"

2.DEMANDS :Indians inlegislature, recruitment of Indians to higher post, civil

service examination be heldin India, reduction in landrevenue, expenditure of govton admn,maintenance of army.

3.LEADERS:MadanmohanmalavyGopalk

rishna,Gokhale,DadabhaiNouroji.

4. POLICY :pray petitionprotest.

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FREEDOM MOVEMENT DURING

1905-1919

1.This phase was calledextremists period³

2. MISCELLANEOUS: Muslim joined congress to fightagainst british they tried to

pursue them to come out of congress. Indians realiseddemands cannot fulfilledwith mere appeals.

3.Balgangadhar tilak, LalaLajpat Rai,Bipin chandra Palemerged as radicals.

4.CHANCE FOR OUTBURST:partition of bengal by gover-general Lord curzon gave achance for extremist'soutburst

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PARTITION OF BENGAL

PENDING SCHEME: The partition was pending

scheme planned for administrative convenience

REAL PURPOSE: To sow seeds of disunity

among Hindus and Muslims.

PROTEST OF PARTITION: Meeting were held

to protest partition, movements were started by

both moderates and extremists. people tied rakhi as a mark of unity on wrists

irrespective of religion

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VANDEMATARAM MOVEMENT

VIEW : swadeshi and booycottmovements started to end partition of bengal movement, promoted indianindustries and economicallystrengthened the nation.slogan asvandemataram was started to propogate

BOYCOTT : Indian barbers and

washerman refused to serve thebritishers, boycott of british schools,colleges and offices.

GOVT MEASURES : govt resorted torepressive measures

Bal Gangadhar Tilak was imprisoned

Separate political association ³Muslimleague" formed-1906,encouraged by

viceroy Minto.

BRITISH SUCCESS : British succeeded intheir "divide and rule" policy

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MINTO-MORLEY REFORMS

THE ACT :Introduced in 1909lull the agitation providedseparate constituencies for muslims

DISSATISFACTION: Reformsfailed even to satify even the

moderates IMPERIAL DECLARATION

:Imperial darbar held at Delhi-1911

British king Charles V andhis queen were presentdeclaration of annullment of Bengal partition.

Shift of capital of BritishIndia from Calcutta to Delhi

END :With the declarationmovement came to an end

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REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS IN

INDIA Small group wanted to over 

throw british.Formed secretsocieties used explosivesand fire arms

GOVERNMENT MEASURES :

Repressive measures ,itincreased bitterness amongthe group

ACTIVITY: Particularly activein Maharashtra- bengal

Assasination of britishersthrough bombs,magsitrateof dhaka, collectors of nasik,thinnavally shot dead -1912

Attempted murder of of viceroy Lord Hardinge.

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REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS IN

 ABROAD

ESTABLISHMENT: Centers at

London,Paris,Berlin ,North America and

parts of Asia

Ghaddar journal published party of the

same name formed in North America

ATTEMPTS :Tried to bring arms in India

planned armed rebillion against british rule

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LUCKNOW PACT

PACT: signed in 1916between congress andmuslim league.

ANNOUNCEMENT OFSECRETARY OF STATE:Edwin Montague- 1917

introduction ofself-governing bodies.

AIM :Give India responsiblegovernment after the war.

REQUEST TO INDIANS:Helpbritish in war.

AGREEMENT :Congressbelieved them and agreed tohelp Indians' men, moneyand material was used