RICHARD W. GALSTER

RICHARD W. GALSTERConsulting Engineering Geologist 18233 - 13th Avenue Northwest

Seattle, Washington 98177Telephone: (206) 542-2596

Trip Report

Workshop on the Stratigraphy of the Columbia River Basalt Group andEllensburg Formation, Richland, WA, 7-10 December 1987.

1. General

Subject workshop consisted of one day of formal presentations byColumbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) investigators from within the BWIP staffand outside. This was followed by three days in the field, observing anddiscussing basalt stratigraphy, including the various methods used toidentify individual stratigraphic units within the CRBG. The stated purposeof the workshop (Dahlem, DOE) was to demonstrate credible identification offlow stratigraphy. The agenda for the conference is enclosure 1 and a listof attendees is provided as enclosure 2. The details of the presentationsare furnished under separate cover. These include written discussions byeach of the presentors (Volume 1) and a group of valuable reference litera-ture relating to the stratigraphy of the CRBG and the Ellensburg Formation(Volume 2). These documents and the general organization of the workshop,resulted in the finest effort to date made by the Project to communicatewith the geological community.

2. Methods of Stratigraphic Identification

a. Five basic techniques are employed to correlate stratigraphicunits throughout the CRBG: lithology, stratigraphic position andthickness, internal structures, paleomagnetics, and geochemistry. Thefirst three served as the basis for much of the early stratigraphic workand are still used where appropriate. The latter two are more recentdevelopments in the CRBG and have permitted a more analytical. andcertainly a more potentially consistent, approach to identification ofunits. It was evident, however, that the detailed stratigraphy for theSaddle Mountains and Wanapam formations is far more maturely developed thanit has been for the Grande Ronde Formation and older units. This isprobably due to a significantly greater number of data points for theyounger and general ly better exposed formations together with a greaterdependence on geochemistry in the Grande Ronde where 1ithologic

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distinctions are less obvious. The relative merits and restrictions of thevarious techniques are summarized in succeeding paragraphs.

b. Lithology. The most obvious lithologic feature in certain flowsis the abundance of plagioclase phenocrysts. The Roza is the classicexample and even now probably represents the most easily identifiable unitin the CRBG. However, abundant to sparse glomerocrysts are found inseveral units of the Frenchman Springs Member. Other frequently porphyrticflows include the Ice Harbor, Elephant Mountain and Pomona members. Thusconsiderable local experience is frequently necessary for an investigatorto unquestionably recognize units on a lithologic basis alone. Anomaliesalso occur. For example, the type locality of the Esquatzel flow isuncharacteristicly porphyritic. Except for the Roza Member, otherdiagnostic methods must often be employed.

c. Stratigraphic positionanadtbickness. This item is importantwhen combined with other potentially diagnostic methods of establishingunit identification. In the center region of the flood basalt province,stratigraphic position and relative thickness has been used to establishstratigraphy provided structural complications are not present. However,the pinch out of flows in some areas within the basin cannot necessarily bedetermined without additional data. As the margins of the lava field areapproached, and sometimes on Yakima Fold structures, unit thinning andpinchout becomes chronic and other methods are required to confirm flowstratigraphy.

d. Internal structure. The development of entablature/colonnaderelationships, flow top breccias, pillow palagonite complexes, platyjointing, lobate (pahoehoe) structures, and other intra flow structures hasbeen used to assist in stratigraphic identification. Such structures,however, are dependent upon the thickness of the unit and the localenvironment in which they were deposited. including the availability ofwater and sediments. Obviously the thicker flows (100 - 200 ft) in thecentral basin have a better chance of maintaining a more consistent flowstructure over a wider area. However, this is not always seen to be thecase (for example, the Umtanum and McCoy Canyon flows in the Pasco Basin).Toward individual flow margins and where flows have filled paleochannels,internal structural is too variable to provide much help in flow identifi-cation.

e. Paleomagnetics. Magnetic orientation provides the majorstratigraphic divisions of the Grande Ronde Basalt, assists in identifyinglower flows of the Frenchman Springs, can permit differentiation across theWanapum/Saddle Mountains contact in the absence of the Mabton interbed, andcan assist in identifying the Pomona/Elephant Mountain part of the SaddleMountains section. From the standpoint of tectonic analysis, the bestmagnetic directions are obtained from the Martindale, Pomona, Lolo, SandHollow and Ginkgo flows (Amerigian, ASC). Much stratigraphic identifica-tion data can be obtained by a fluxgate magnetometer in the field. Formore positive analysis field-oriented cores are examined in the lab, with 2or 3 samples adequate for stratigraphic studies and 8-10 samples necessaryfor the appropriate statistical requirements required for tectonic studies.

2

The virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) is arrested at the time of cool ing ofthe lava and, provided no tectonic disturbance has taken placesubsequently, provides a fingerprint for individual flows. The length ofcooling period in thicker flows does influence these characteristics, mostevident during periods of magnetic transition or magnetic excursions(aborted reversals). No effort appears to have been made to correlate themagnetic history of the CRBG with the standard magnetic time scale. It isimportant, therefore, for an investigator to be aware of what part of theCRBG section is being considered when using magnetic data.

f. Geochemistr. Extremely well constrained analytical techniquesdeveloped over the past few years have permitted detection of subtlechemical differences between different CRB lava flows. This has led to theestablishment, at Washington State University (WSU), of a geochemical database that is unique in the world (Hooper, WSU). The principal method ofanalysis employed is x-ray flourescence (XRF) which is quick and relativelyinexpensive, reproducible, non-destructive, and, in most cases, appearsadequate for analysis of ten major elements and a host of trace elementscommon to the basalt. This chemical 'Ifingerprinting", together with therelative consistency of chemistry within a given flow over a very widearea, has been well established in the literature. However, the importanceof utilizing consistent analytical procedures in sample preparation andtesting has been emphasized. Most of the present data base appears to havebeen generated by the WSU Laboratory where the such procedures have beenstandardized. Data obtained by labs employing different equipment anddifferent standards appear to introduce significant lab bias into theresults. Where the chemical differences between flows are very subtle suchlab bias can result in a misidentification of a unit. Thus a great deal ofcare is required in the use of data from various laboratories for positiveidentification of units. To eliminate this problem the BWIP hasconsistently used the WSU Laboratory for geochemical analysis. Because ofthe potential mortality of organizations, it would appear prudent to havethe WSU standards confirmed by an independent laboratory using identicalprocedures and equipment.

From the geochemical data provided during the workshop, the variationsin some of the more diagnostic oxides and trace elements may be compared(figures 1, 2, 3). These plots are based on overages and do not considerranges of chemical data from a given unit. The magnitude of chemicalvariation is clearly inversely related to the antiquity of thestratigraphic unit. The greater variation of the Saddle Mountains Basaltmay be a function of magmatic variation or crustal contamination of themagma over the very long eruption period (7.5 Ma). In contrast, the N2Grande Ronde with 10 times the volume erupted over a period of 250,000 yrs.Thus the chemical differences become more subtle with increased age. Forexample the "Mg boundary" (figure 3), which provides the major division ofthe N2 Grande Ronde, is a small magnitude feature when compared withsimilar breaks in the Wanapum and Saddle Mountains. Even the "Very High Mgflow" (GR-19) is only 2% Mg higher than the flows above and below, and notnearly as high as the Mg of some flows of the Wanapum and Saddle Mountains.Thus, many of the individual Grande Ronde flows may not exhibit as

3

diagnostic a chemistry as the later flows which were more temporally spreadout.

3. Unit Identification Criteria

a. Although the various members and, in many cases, individual flowsof the basalt sequence have been described numerous times, including mega-scopic, petrologic descriptions, magnetic properties and geochemicalanalyses, no clear, all-inclusive criteria for the recognition of thevarious units has been provided. A clear criteria should include, inaddition to the normal megascopic and petrographic descriptions, the rangeof diagnostic chemical properties and the range of magnetic properties foreach flow or definable unit. While such criteria appear available fromSaddle Mountains and Wanapum data, it is not so available from Grande Rondedata. The BWIP staff is presently in the process of clarifying thestratigraphic section of the N2 Grande Ronde, in which the proposed hosthorizon lies.

b. Methods used in identifying geologic horizons in the RRL include,in the absence of core samples, (1) picking contacts and intra flowstructures from borehole geophysical logs, (2) comparing contact depthswith those predicted, (3) chemical analysis of chips( drill cuttings) and(4) a discriminate analysis of flow thickness and sequence. Al l of theabove are frought with potential error. The necessity of obtaining geohy-drologic data is given as the reason for not obtaining core. Drilling andtesting methods are available to obtain both hydraulogic data and core froma given boring, even at the depths necessary for the repository. The lackof core, at least below the top of the Grande Ronde, compromises theobtaining of appropriate data for repository positioning and engineering,including sound identification of intra-flow structures. The flows are toovariable to make appropriate assessments without the assistance ofcontinuous core sampl Ing in the area around, above, and beneath anyrepository horizon. Obtaining one form of data to the exclusion of anotheris not appropriate engineering geology practice. Future explorationactivity at the site should consider all data requirements.

4. Stratigraphic Nomenclature

a. The stratigraphy of the Saddle Mountains and Wanapum formationsis now relatively well established and agreed upon by most investigators.However, some problems continue. The positioning of the "Z" flow ofGardner et al. (1981) at the base of the Frenchman Springs, and thepositioning of the Babcock Bench flow of Bentley (unpubl ished) requiresclarification. When one considers the chemical differences for the variousunits of the Frenchman Springs, considering the three most diagnosticelements, the less than 0.2% range for P 05 and K 20, and the range of Cr ofless than 15 ppm makes differentiation by chemistry subtle indeed (Figure2). In addition, some of the informal nomenclature employed by Bentley in

4

the Frenchman Springs should be correlated with and the correlation con-firmed insofar as possible with magnetic and chemical data.

b. Some problems exist with the Grande Ronde stratigraphic nomencla-ture as applied to the N2 section. The past use of a flow numbering systemfrom the top of the Grande Ronde down in any given boring or sectionIntroduces a source of confusion that should be eliminated. The trendtoward establishing formal or informal names is much preferred and permitseasy introduction of newly recognized units into the section. In earlierwork there has been a frequent tendency to use only chemistry as a basisfor dividing the N2 without appropriate flow by flow correlation. It isnecessary to consider all properties when preparing to subdivide thesection into flow groups, and to appropriately define "breaks" or"horizons" within the section. There was some discussion of abandoning theterm "Sentinal Gap sequence" for the rocks above the Mg boundary. Actuallyit is probably a useful term for this section although efforts to subdividegroups of flows within the section further (largely based on chemistry andmagnetics) are presently underway (Landon, BWIP). The term Schwanasequence, on the other hand, is ill-defined, having no lower limit. Itwould appear that the term should either be defined as the portion of theN2 below the "Mg boundary," or be abandoned.

c. Although the problem does not involve the central Plateau region.the inconsistancy of the presented relationship of the Picture Gorge andGrande Ronde Basalts, and the use of the term may well strain the strati-graphic nomenclature code. While the Picture Gorge is now shown to beequivalent to the N-1/R-2 section of the Grande Ronde, it should not beincluded in the central Plateau section. It apparently is equivalent inpart with the Grand Ronde but from a separate eruptive center. Similarlythe Prineville basalts should be removed from the Grande Ronde section andtreated as a separate but partly equivalent stratigraphic unit.

5. Ellensburg Sediments/Paleodrainage

a. General. A considerable amount of work has been recently done onthe late Miocene/Pliocene sedimentation which both interfinger with theWanapum and Saddle Mountains formations, and overlie the basalt in thecentral and western portions of the plateau. Much of the work has beendone by G. A. Smith (UNM)v Bentley (CWU), and K. R. Fecht (BWIP). Theimportance of this work relates to an understanding of paleodrainage duringthe late Miocene-Pliocene time period which is the real key tounderstanding the timing of deformation.

b. Ellensburg facies. The Ellensburg sediments may be divided intothree basic facies which have no relationship to the designation of thevarious members. The three facles are manifestations of source areas; (1)andesitic and dacitic detritus from Cascade volcanism (including lahars anddebris flows), (2) siliciclastic detritus (quartzites# granites. etc.)characteristic of the Columbia and Clearwater-Salmon river valleys, and (3)basaltic detritus from local ridges. In addition these facdes may be alsodivided, on the basis of grain size, into channel deposits (gravels and

5

sands), and overbank/lacustrine deposits (fine sands, silts and clays). Inaddition to the above, Cascade volcanism resulted in deposition of severaltephras which provide datable, time-stratigraphic markers within thesequence.

b. Ellensburg stratigraphic nomenclature. Original nomenclature forthe lower portion of the El lensburg, that portion interbedded with thelavas, was based on stratigraphic position with respect to the lava flowsin the central Plateau. However, the more limited distribution of theSaddle Mountains flows resulted in additional names being coined for inter-bedded sediments, most appropriate within the Pasco Basin. The identifica-tion of such interbeds was not possible where such limited lava flows werenot present. West of the Hog Ranch axis and as the margin of the lavafield is approached, the problem becomes even more acute as various lavaunits terminate and the sedimentary package makes up a larger portion ofthe section. East of the Hog Ranch axis the position of the upperEllensburg is largely taken by the Ringold Formation in the central Plateauarea. Bentley (1977) (p. 344) has suggested that the Ellensburg be raisedto group status with three time-stratigraphic formations which have commonboundaries with CRBG formations. This is probably necessary in order toprovide adequate stratigraphic divisions for mapping purposes. In additionthe Ellensburg Group should probably include the entire Miocene-Pliocenesedimentary package along the western portion of the Columbia Plateau.

As an example of one of the stratigraphic nomenclature problems, theterm "Selah" has been used in two senses. The original definition (Mackin,1961) in the Yakima area the term referred to the sediments between thebase of the "Wenas" (now Pomona) Basalt and the top of the "Yakima"(Wanapum) Basalt. Subsequently BWIP usage in the Pasco Basin has beenrestricted to the interbed below the Pomona and above the Esquatzel. Smith(1987, presentations for this workshop) employs both senses (Figure X1-3,Volume 1), a stratigraphic perturbation which should be eliminated. Theuse of Mackins (1961) term "Beverly member" should probably replace thegeneral use with "Selah" being restricted to BWIP usage.

c. Field Observations

Field examination of the Ellensburg during the workshop was limited toa brief examination of the thin Rattlesnake Ridge interbed near Mesa, andthe sedimentry package at the crest of Selah Butte anticline on I-82. Atthe latter both main channel and overbank fades were observed in the Selahinterval immediately beneath the Pomona Basalt. Although a discussion ofdata regarding thinning of the Ellensburg and CRBG units over the anticlinein the vicinity of Roza Gap (Yakima Canyon) was presented, the section wasnot observed in the field. Several available classic sections ofEllensburg were not visited due to time constraints. Thus field examina-tion was inadequate to obtain an appropriate appreciation of the Ellensburgstratigraphy.

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d. Paleodrainage and uplift.

The summary by Fecht et al (1985) is an excellent general descriptionof paleodrainage development on the central and western Plateau. Theongoing work of G. A. Smith illustrates some of the detail which isavailable, and points out the value of such data in establishing thespatial and temporal details involving the deformation of the Yakima FoldBelt (YFB). Paleodrainage is variably sensitive to activities in thesediment source areas as well as eruption and tectonic activities on thePlateau. Some of this sensitivity relates to the size and character of thestream iteself. G. A. Smith has suggested that because aggrading riversmay be more responsive to rising structures than downcutting rivers, theaggrading Columbia was more susceptible to diversion into the Pasco Basinduring Selah time, whereas the Yakima, was in a more downcutting mode owingto the subtile deformation occurring on the Yakima folds to the west.However the amount of volcanaclastic detritus being furnished theancestorial Yakima River must surely have kept the stream in anaggradational state much of the time. Mackin (1961) suggested the Yakimawas a Yazoo-type stream during Selah time, its position determined by theoverbank sedimentation of the Columbia River on the east and the Cascadedetritus on the west. It appears that considerably more mapping ofEllensburg litho-facies together with a more rigorous analysis of subsur-face data is required to better understanding the paleodrainage. This mustinclude differentiation between mainstream overbank and colluvial facies.Such data wi-l 1 permit a more complete understanding of YFB deformationduring Ellensburg time. Because the rate and timing of deformation is socritical to the assessment of geologic stability of the repository area,the understanding of the details of deformation during the latest Neogeneand into the Quaternary are highly important.

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X2NrYL FUR MM KXZDAY OXEKEER 7, 1.987 W3RMUP

Meetim place: Shilo Inn - Rivershore Hotel, Ridcland, Washinton.

ACiv-it

8:00-8:15 AM Welon and introduction to the workshcp,/field conference.

by David Dahlem, CidefGocieno and Terology BrandlBasalt Waste Isolation Project Office

Susan M. Price, ManagerGeology SectionBasalt Waste Isolation Project

8:15-10:00 AM

8:15-8:35 AM

SESSIO CtE: Introduction to the Columbia River BasaltGroup (CRBG)

PRESE2MO(N I.

A historical review of the development of a reionalstratigmphy for the CarB

by Marvin H. Bow-onProfessor of GeologyPortland State University

8:35-9:15 AM PRESEMMONII.

Chemical analyses and their use in studies of the CRB

by Peter R. looperProfessor of GeologyWashirqton State University

9:15-9:45 AM PRESEflrATIWN III.

Paleanagnetic methods and theirthe CRD3G

application in studies of

by Craig AmerigianAnalytical Service cczpany

9:45-10:00 AM

10:00-10:15 AM

Questions and Discussions

Coffee Break

c$7A~r-cC,5teA-

(5�?I-v e- /. /

WORKSHOP AGENDA

10:15-11:30 AM SESSION TWO: Stratigraphy of the CRBG: a review ofcurrent knowledge

10:15-10:20 AM Introduction

by BWIP Staff

10:20-10:35 AM PRESENTATION IV.

An overview of the stratigraphy of the Saddle MountainsBasalt

by Stephen P. ReidelStaff GeologistBasalt Waste Isolation Project

10:35-10:50 AM PRESENTATION V.

An overview of the stratigraphy of the Wanapum Basalt

by Marvin H. BeesonProfessor of GeologyPortland State University

10:50-11:15 AM PRESENTATION VI.

An overview of the regional stratigraphy of the GrandeRonde Basalt

by Stephen P. ReidelStaff GeologistBasalt Waste Isolation Project

PRESENTATION VII.

Stratigraphy of the Grande Ronde Basalt in thePasco Basin - flow correlation and methodology

by R. Dale LandonSenior GeologistBasalt Waste Isolation Project

11:15-11:30 AM PRESENTATION VIII.

An overview of the stratigraphy of the Picture GorgeBasalt/Imnaha Basalt

by Peter R. HooperProfessor of GeologyWashington State University

Page 2

WORKSHOP AGENDA.

11:30-11:45 AM

11:30-1:00 PM

1:00-1:45 PM

1:00-1:20 PM

Questions and Discussion

Lunch Break

SESSION THREE: Physical Characteristics of ColumbiaRiver Basalt Group Flows

PRESENTATION IX.

Physical characteristics of CRBG flows - a regionalperspective

by Marvin H. BeesonProfessor of GeologyPortland State University

1:20-1:35 PM PRESENTATION X.

Physical characteristics of CRBG flowsBasin and vicinity

- the Pasco

by Philip E. LongManager, Hydrology SectionBasalt Waste Isolation Project

and

Randal W. CrossManager, StratigraphicBasalt Waste Isolation

Studies UnitProject

1:35-1:45 PM

1:45-4:30 PM

1:45-2:00 PM

Questions and Discussion

SESSION FOUR: Stratigraphy of the Ellensburg Formation

PRESENTATION XI.

An introduction to the Ellensburg Formation:Distribution, stratigraphy, and lithology

by Gary A. SmithCaswell Silver Research ProfessorUniversity of New Mexico

2:00-2:15 PM Coffee Break

Page 3

WORKSHOP AGENDA

2:15-3:30 PM PRESENTATION XII.

Ellensburg Formation interbeddedPasco Basin region, Washington

with the CRBG in the

by Karl R. FechtStaff GeologistBasalt Waste Isolation ProJect

PRESENTATION XIII.

Stratigriphy of the Ellensburg Formation sedimentsinterbedded with the CRBG west of the Hog Ranch uplift


3:30-3:50 PM Questions and Discussion

3:50-4:20 PM PRESENTATION XIV.

Sedimentology of thecentral Washington

upper Ellensburg Formation,


4:20-4:30 Pt

4:30-4:45 PM

I Questions and Discussion

Wrap-up and briefing on the field conference.by BWIP staff

Page 4

AGENDA FOR THE FIELD CONFERENCE

Puryose of Field Conference: (1) to give workshop participants anopportunity to examine in the field the physical characteristics ofthe different Columbia River Basalt Group and Ellensburg units and (2)discuss the various techniques used to correlate and map these unitsin the field.

Schedule of Activities

Tuesday December 8, 1987

Field Trip to examine Saddle Mountains, Wanapum, and Grande Rondeflows and to review field mapping techniques.

Assembly time: 7:00-7:30 AM; Parking lot in front of theShilo-Rivershore Inn.

Departure time: 7:30 AM

Return: 5:00 PM; Parking lot in front of the Shilo-RivershoreInn.

Special Requirements:

Although all stops are along paved roads, the participants on this dayshould consider wearing hiking boots.

Participants should be prepared for cold and windy weather conditions.It is not uncommon for daytime temperatures to average in the low 30'sthis time of year. Participants should also carry rainwear as weatherconditions have been known to change rapidly during this time of the Iyear.

Participants will need to bring along a lunch on all days of the fieldconference as no restaurants or stores will be readily available alongthe Planned routes.

List of Field Trip Stops

STOP 1: Devils Canyon Grade/Lower Monumental Dam, Washington.

Leaders: Steve Reidel, Karl Fecht, and Terry Tolan (BWIP)

Activities at this stop will include:

I) Opportunity to examine and discuss the physical characteristics of Iflows belonging to the Roza and Frenchman Springs Members of the CRBG.This is one of the most complete Frenchman Springs Member sections onthe Plateau. I

. '. * , AGENDA FOR FIELD CONFERENCE

2) Opportunity to examine, in cross section, a major intracanyon flowcomplex consisting of four Saddle Mountains flows, which preserves anancestral Snake River canyon.

3) Opportunity to examine the Lower Monumental Member - theyoungest-known Columbia River Basalt Group flow (approximately 6 Ma).

LUNCH BREAK

STOP 2: Little Goose Dam - Snake River, Washington.

Leaders: Steve Reidel, Kari Fecht, Randy Cross, and Dale Landon (BWIP)


I) Opportunity to examine N2 Grande Ronde flows.

2) Examine various types of intraflow structures.

3) Observe and discuss field mapping and sampling techniques.

4) Discussion of advantages and problems with the use of geochemistyfor CRBG correlations.

5) A demonstration of how a flux-gate magnetometer is used to makepaleomagnetic polarity determinations in the field.

6) A demonstration of how rock cores are obtained for paleomagneticanalysis in the lab.

Wednesday December 9, 1987

Field Trip to examine Saddle Mountains flows of the CRBG and theirvents and dikes.




SDecial Requirements:


Page 2

AGENDA FOR FIELD CONFERENCEa

Participants should be prepared for cold and windy weather conditions.It is not uncommon for daytime temperatures to average in the low 30'sthis time of year. Participants should also carry rainwear as weatherconditions have been known to change rapidly during this time of theyear.

Participants will need to bring along a lunch on all days of the fieldconference.


STOP 3: Wallula Gap, Washington

Leaders: Karl Fecht and Steve Reidel (BWIP)


1) Discussion of factors that control flow distribution and flowemplacement.

2) Discussion of how CRBG flows impacted and interacted with drainagesystems.

STOP 4: Basalt of Martindale (Ice Harbor Member) vent at Ice HarborDam, Washington.

Leaders: Steve Reidel and Karl Fecht (BWIP)


1) An opportunity to examine the physical characteristics of "ventfacies" materials of the Basalt of Martindale (Ice Harbor Member).

STOP 5: Basalt of Basin City (Ice Harbor Member) dikes at Ice HarborDam, Washington.



I) An opportunity to examine the physical characteristics of severalBasin City dikes exposed in a railroad cut.

STOP 6: Overview of the Palouse Slope on bluff above the SnakeRiver.


Page 3

AGENDA FOR FIELD CONFERENCE


1) Discussion of the Palouse Slope subprovince.

LUNCH BREAK

STOP 7: Road cuts in the Elephant Mountain, Pomona Member, andEsquatzel flows (Saddle Mountains Basalt) along Highway 395 inEsquatzel Coulee.



1) Participants will have an opportunity to examine the physicalcharacteristics these Saddle Mountains flows in a conformablesequence. These flows represent the youngest portion of the ColumbiaRiver Basalt Group found in the Pasco Basin.

2) Discussion of field and lab techniques employed to identify theseunits.

Thursday December 10, 1987

Field Trip to examine applications of Columbia River Basalt Group andEllensburg Formation stratigraphy.




Special Requirements:


Participants should be prepared for cold and windy weather conditions.It is not uncommon for daytime temperatures to average in the low 30'sthis time of year. Participants should also carry rainwear as weatherconditions have been known to change rapidly during this time of theyear.

Page 4

---

AGENDA FOR FIELD CONFERENCE

a

Participants will need to bring along a lunch on all days of the fieldconference.


EQPLB: Sentinel Gap, Washington

Leaders: Randy Cross, Steve Reidel, Dale Landon, andKingsley Fairchild (BWIP)


1) An opportunity to examine Grande Ronde flows and discuss thedevelopment of a stratigraphy for the Grande Ronde Basalt.

2) Discuss applications of Columbia River Basalt Group and EllensburgFormation stratigraphy to structural problems.

LUNCH BREAK

STOP 9: Overview of the Ellensburg Formation as seen from the RestArea on Interstate 82 at Selah Butte.

Leader: Gary Smith (University of New Mexico)


I) An introduction to, and a overview of the Ellensburg Formationunits found within this area

2) A discussion of the various origins of Ellensburg sediments andthe factors controlling their deposition.

STOP 10: Ellensburg Formation exposed along Interstate 82 at SelahButte.

Leader: Gary Smith (University of New Mexico)


1) An opportunity to examine and discuss the sedimentology of theEllensburg Formation exposed at this location and to discusscriteria that can be used to correlate and map the sediments.

2) Discussion of the utility of using Ellensburg units in structuralproblems and analyses.

Page 5

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ATIDANC FCIRDEC)" BIP SIIPATIGRA7 Y UPSIULD RIVERE, E3 7, 1987

NME O7MZAT0t OEXYHNE

Mike ParsoLois MagerLarry Loker

Ealp CadyR. Douglas HildebrandAnn TallmanRon J. HalfmoonMarl R. FechtDarwin K. MarjawneiWilliam KielT. K. SubsamainanB. M. GregoryChristine R. CatettDennis C. CollinsPatricia Mc;eeKaia PetersenGordon Ray LusterRichard W. GalsterGerald L. BlackRon IzattC. R. CatlettH. E. LefevreN. P. Canp1ellA. L. WardM. H. BeesonNorm GrovesSteve ArmstrongS. V. HartfordJ. E. MeccaJ. L. RussellX. I. McConnellM. W. WestAbdul AlkezweenyD. CaldwellS. S. HartM. PupezaG. R. LusterC. C. AllenR. D. FreebergS. P. ReidelR. D. BentleyK. I. McConnellD. H. DehlemJ. J. KruparF. R. CookR. D. Sargent

WHC/BWIP 376-2856WHC/BCSR Public Release Sys. 376-3399WHC/BWIP 373-3056MOE/HQ 586-1223DSHS 526-2209WHC/S4IPNez Perce Tribe 208-843-2253WHC/BWIP 376-9780DME-RL 376-7059WA Public Power 372-5381D04/RL 376-3175MACIEC 376-1390ORNL 615-574-5197IGD 117 582-1280DV,'YIN 612-332-0000WA St'Inst. Public Policy 206-866-6000MAQ ~ 376-7475Consultirg Eng. Geologist 206-542-2596Oregon Dept. of Geology 503-229-5580USDOE, BWIP 444-7334Oak Ridge National LabNRCConsulting Geologist

Portland State UniversityACrEc

Yakima Indian NationOregon Water RezsurcesMOE/RL-BWIP 444-5038Center for Nuclear Waste Reg.N4RCCErr

Golder AssociatesCoUn. of Energy Resour. TribesCIVIR-Nuclear Waste Study ProgramMAcrECBKPUSDOEWHCCWUNRCUSME/RL 376-3022DWE/RL 376-2162NRC 943-7669WHC 376-2162

G. L. FaulknerJ. M. KovacsD.K. MarganiemiP. boGeePat rTurerR. CadyK. V. KriushrnurtyJ.G. BondJ. L. AknersonD. C. CollinsJ. G. PatricioP. R. HooperG. A. SmithC. A. AmerigianG. L. BlackD. R. JerezR. W. GalsterP. J. Bambia

US Ceol. Survey/DOE

USDOEEWA, Inc.DE/IRVL

Czwisultanlt

And~erson~ & ArxiersonI=S Sdool Dist. 117BWIP

444-1291

University of NMAnalytical Services Co.Oregon Dept. of EnergyRoy F. Weston, Inc.Consulting EngineeringNRX

RICHARD W. GALSTER

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