AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS.
REVOLUTIONS IN MEXICO AND RUSSIA Alter Indigenous Histories.
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Transcript of REVOLUTIONS IN MEXICO AND RUSSIA Alter Indigenous Histories.
READING QUIZ: LAKOTA WOMAN 5-8 1. What word best describes Mary Crow Dog’s life before she joined AIM?
2. What was AIM?
3. What did the AIM do in D. C. ?
4. How did the Lakota use peyote?
5. Who was Dicky Wilson?
A. MEXIC0’S REVOLUTION OF 1910 Conditions under Dictator Porfirio Diaz
Yaqui in Sonora, Broncos in the Mountains Cajeme
Tarahumara in the north
Mayan Cruzob in Yucatan Peninsula, center at Chan Santa Cruz
General Bravo May 5, 1901
Commercial agriculture and prejudice (natives were machines that ran on pulque)
Kill off the Yaqui, in the way of “Progress”
Explosive state by 1910
REVOLUTION BEGINS IN MEXICO Francisco Madero
Peasant leaders joined his cause
Morelos: Emiliano Zapata
Huastecan people revolt along eastern coast
Mexicano burn bases at Atlixco
Armed indigenous groups attack landowners
B. REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS RECRUIT NATIVES 1912: President Madero: Yaquis, Mayos, Pimas, Papagos in Sonora
500 Serranos from Oaxaca sent to fight rebels in Chihuahua
1913: President Huerta revives native impressment, forced conscription
Sent entire battalion of impressed Yaquis
1917 CONSTITUTION PRES. CARRANZA In Veracruz, 3,000 native workers in oilfields struck for better pay and benefits.
Six thousand Yaqui broncos in 1916 guerrilla sorties
Clubbed into submission at Cerro del Gallo in 1927
Economic decline made such political ceremony more urgent:
Veracruz, 1921 oil decline put Huastecs out of work
New political strategies: Indigenismo
C. RUSSIA’S REVOLUTION OF 1917 March 1917 Czarist Regime collapses: famine and fuel
Women mass demonstrations, soldiers mutinied, workers formed soviets (councils)
Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin take control: social revolutionaries
Land to peasants, factories to workers, power to soviets
Uniform regulation of all languages
Schools to teach Russian language created
D. COLLECTIVIZATION
-Indigenous population was 65% of total population
-Committee on assisting nationalities of the North
-Late 1920s: cooperation of individual households
-Early 1930s: forced integration of nomadic nations
Raindeer breeding and cultural change
-Appropriation of native resources
-Means of production socialized
-Previous subsistence systems transformed into collectivized farms, state subsidies
COLLECTIVIZATION CONTINUED -Villages consolidated and relocated near seaports and airports
-Changed cultures of many peoples dependent on ecological niches
-Reindeer herding outside of collective farms forbidden
-Collectivization radically altered subsistence system
-State became major employer and owner of natural resources
-Opposition to collectivization organized by Chukchi in early 1950s