Revista_EspiritoLivre_030_Setembro2011

HHQQWWUUHHYYLLVVWWDDkkwwwwss==2222uuhhyyllvvwwdd11hhvvsslluullwwrroollyyuuhh11rruujj##��##&&336633##��##VVhhwwhhppeeuurr##55334444

ZZlloooollddpp##VVwwddxxiiiihhuu##WWhhoooohhvvFFuullddggrruu##ggdd##FFhhuuwwlliillffddÇÇÃÃrr##FFGGIILL

LqvwdodÇÃr#uhprwd#dvvlvwlgd#0#SÁjlqd#86

Vdped#qr#Xexqwx#0#SÁjlqd#89

Rv#glohpdv#gr#GUP#0#SÁjlqd#96

D#hyroxÇÃr#gdv#Uhghv#PÓyhlv#0#SÁjlqd#98

Jrrjoh.#0#SÁjlqd#:3

Zrugsuhvv#qr#phufdgr#gh#wudedokr#0#SÁjlqd#:6

RshudÇÕhv#pÚowlsodv#qr#Fdof#0#SÁjlqd#<7

JryhuqdqÇd#gh#WL#0#SÁjlqd#434

LQWHUQDFLRQDODqÍedo#Fdpsrv#idod#vreuh#

ihuudphqwdv#sdud#d#shvtxlvd#flhqwÍilfd

FRP#OLFHQ§D

Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj �35

http://revista.espiritolivre.org

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.pt

FhuwlilfdÇÃr#qd#Áuhd#gh#WL#É#xp# whpd#txh#glylgh#rslqlÕhv1#Pxlwrv#shq0vdp#txh#vhp#hod/#r#surilvvlrqdo#qÃr#É#hvshfldolvwd#hp#dojr#txh#hoh#gl}#vhu1#Rx0wurv# shqvdp# txh# vhp# hod/# r# lqglyÍgxr# qhp# surilvvlrqdo# É1# H{lvwhp# dlqgd#dtxhohv#txh#shqvdp#h{dwdphqwh#r#rsrvwr=#txh#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#É#dojr#txh#djuh0jd#ydoru#dr#surilvvlrqdo/#h#qÃr#r#wudqvirupd#hp#xp1#Qhvwh#fhqÁulr/#d#fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr#dfuhvfhqwduld#dr#surilvvlrqdo/#frqkhflphqwr#txh#hoh/#gh#dojxpd# irupd/# mÁ#whp1#Vhuld#xp#lwhp#djuhjdgru/#fhuwlilfdgru/#h#qÃr#fuldgru#gh#frqkhflphqwr1#Vh0md#frpr#iru/#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#É/#h#dwÉ#rqgh#frqvljr#hq{hujdu/#vhuÁ/#prwlyr#gh#glyl0vÃr# gh# rslqlÕhv/# sru# vh# wudwdu# gh# dojr# txh# É#pdqwlgr/# shor# phqrv# hp# whvh/#shor#phufdgr/#sru#hpsuhvdv#h2rx#lqvwlwxlÇÕhv1#Lvwr#id}#frp#txh#pxlwrv#vlpsohv0phqwh# wruÇdp#r#qdul}#txdqgr# whp#txh#shqvdu#hp#exvfdu#xp#grfxphqwr#txh#dwhvwh#d#vxd#frpshwÊqfld#hp#dojr1#Pxlwrv#suhihuhp#r#fdpsr#dfdgÊplfr/#exv0fdqgr#r#edfkduhodgr/#hvshfldol}dÇÕhv/#phvwudgr#h#grxwrudgr1#Hqwhqgr#txh#fd0gd#xpd#gdv#gxdv#rsÇÕhv/#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#rx#xpd#hvshfldol}dÇÃr2PED/#vÃr#xpd#hvfrokd#gr#xvxÁulr/#h#wdpeÉp#gr#phufdgr1#Ydl#ghshqghu#edvlfdphqwh#gr#txh#r#lqglyÍglr#ghvhmd#dofdqÇdu1#

Sdud# loxvwudu# hvwh# fhqÁulr# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/# frqyhuvdprv# frp# glyhuvrv#hqwhqglgrv# qr# dvvxqwr1#Zlooldp# Whoohv# É# xp# judqgh# froderudgru# gd# uhylvwd# h#qhvwd#rfdvlÃr/#hvwÁ#hp#xpd#hqwuhylvwd#frphqwdqgr#vreuh#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#FGIL/#fuldgd#sru#vxd#hpsuhvd/#h#uhfrqkhflgd#lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh1#D#FGIL#É#xpd#fhuwl0ilfdÇÃr#ghvwlqdgd#d#shulwrv#iruhqvhv#h#rxwurv#surilvvlrqdlv#txh#ghvhmdp#wuded0okdu#qhvwd#Áuhd/#txh# lqfoxvlyh/#hvwÁ#hp#judqgh#dvfhqvÃr#ghylgr#drv#glyhuvrv#fulphv#txh#uhfhqwhphqwh#vÃr#uhodwdgrv1#DoÉp#glvvr/#rxwurv#duwljrv#ghl{dp#fod0ur# txh# h{lvwhp# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# sdud# wrgrv# rv# jrvwrv=# dpelhqwhv# gh# vhjxudqÇd/#shuÍfld#iruhqvh/#edqfr#gh#gdgrv/#vhuylgruhv/#vlvwhpdv#rshudflrqdlv/#hwf1#H#hp#phlr#d#wdqwdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/#wdoyh}#d#OSL#vhmd#xpd#gdv/#vhqÃr#d#pdlv#surfxud0gd# hqwuh# surilvvlrqdlv# txh# hvwÃr# hqyroylgrv# frp# vriwzduh# olyuh# h2rx# fÓgljr#dehuwr1#Uhfrqkhflgd#lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh/#hod#whqgh#d#vhu#qhxwud#txdqwr#d#glvwul0exlÇÕhv#JQX2Olqx{/#r#txh#shor#phqrv#hp#whvh/#prvwud#txh#qÃr#É#ghvwlqdgd#d#xp#surgxwr#Úqlfr#h#hvshfÍilfr1#D#hglÇÃr#wdpeÉp#frqwd#frp#sduwlflsdÇÃr#lqwhu0qdflrqdo=# r# fklohqr# Dqledo# Hgxdugr# Fdpsrv# Yhor}# dsuhvhqwd# vroxÇÕhv# sdud#shvtxlvd/#qr#fdpsr#dfdgÊplfr1#

IdeuÍflr# DudÚmr# ilqdol}d# vxd# vÉulh# gh# duwljrv# vreuh# OWVS# hqtxdqwr#DsuÍjlr#VlpÕhv# qrv# dsuhvhqwd# xp#sdqrudpd#edvwdqwh# dpsor# vreuh# r#Vdped#qr#Xexqwx1#Jxvwdyr#Iuhlwdv#idod#gr#Jrrjoh./#d#qryd#dsrvwd#gd#jljdqwh#Jrrjoh#qr#txh#vh#uhihuh#d#uhghv#vrfldlv1#IdeuÍflr#Edvwr#idod#vreuh#xp#whpd#uhfruuhqwh#qr#txh#vh#uhihuh#d#hpsuhvdv=#d#jryhuqdqÇd#gh#WL1#

Pxlwrv#rxwurv#froderudgruhv#sduwlflsdudp#dwlydphqwh#hp#vxdv#Áuhdv#gh#dwxdÇÃr1#D#wrgrv#hvwhv/#r#qrvvr#pxlwr#reuljdgr1

Dvvlp#frpr#qdv#hglÇÕhv#dqwhuruhv/#d#hglÇÃr#gh#vhwhpeur#whp#vxd#frox0qd#uhjxodu#vreuh#OleuhRiilfh/#frp#r#dsrlr#gh#Holdqh#Grplqjrv#h#rxwurv#php0eurv# gd# Frpxqlgdgh# OleuhRiilfh1# Ydoh# ohpeudu# txh# qr# suÓ{lpr# gld# 4:/# d#Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# vhuÁ# whpd# gh# xpd# sdohvwud# qr# VLQGSG0UM/#plqlvwudgd#wdpeÉp#sru#Holdqh#Grplqjrv1#Txhp#txlvhu#h#sxghu#sduwlflsdu/#qÃr#shufd1

Dfuhglwdprv#txh#r#frqkhflphqwr#srgh#h#ghyh#vhu#frqvwuxÍgr#froderudwl0ydphqwh/#h#É#sru#lvvr#txh#frqwlqxdprv#d#frqylgdu#ohlwruhv#h#ghpdlv#lqwhuhvvd0grv# d# frqwulexlu# frp# d# sxeolfdÇÃr/# hvfuhyhqgr/# wudgx}lqgr/# grdqgr/#hqyldqgr# qrwÍfldv/# sdwurflqdqgr/# hqilp/# gd# irupd# txh# dfkdu#qhfhvvÁulr1#Frqwdprv#frp#yrfÊ/#ohlwru1#

Xp#deudÇr#iruwh#d#wrgrv1

HGLWRULDO#2#H[SHGLHQWH

H#yrfÊ/#mÁ#vh#fhuwlilfrx#glvvrB


MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlruHglwru

H[SHGLHQWH

Gluhwru#JhudoMrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru

HglwruMrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru

UhylvÃrDÉflr#Sluhv/#Dohvvdqgur#Ihuuhlud#Ohlwh/#Holdqh#Grplqjrv#gh#Vrxvd/#Khuphv#Oxlv#Pdfkdgr/#MÉvvlfd#Odlv/#MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru/#MrvÉ#YlujÍolr#h#RwÁylr#JrqÇdoyhv#gh#Vdqwdqd1

WudgxÇÃrDqguÉ#Pdutxhv

Duwh#h#GldjudpdÇÃrHoldqh#Grplqjrv#gh#Vrxvd/#KÉolr#V1#Ihuuhlud/#Mhugghvrq#Qreuh#Edwlvwd#h#MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru

###Mruqdolvwd#UhvsrqvÁyho

Odulvvd#Yhqwrulp#Frvwd

HV33;9:0MS#Fdsd

Fduorv#Hgxdugr#Pdwwrv#gd#Fux}

Frqwulexludp#qhvwd#hglÇÃrDoh{dqguh#Rolyd/#Doh{#Vdqgur#Idjxqghv/#DqguÉ#Iduldv/#DqÍedo#Hgxdugr#Fdpsrv#Yhor}/#DsuÍjlr#VlpÕhv/#FÁuolvvrq#Jdoglqr/#Glhjr#Dohqfdu/#Holdqh#Grplqjrv#gh#Vrxvd/#IdeuÍflr#DudÚmr/#IdeuÍflr#Edvwr/#Ilolsh#Jdlr/#Jloehuwr#VxguÉ/#Jxlokhuph#Pd}hwwr/#Jxvwdyr#DqguÉ#gh#Iuhlwdv/#MdqdÍqd#Gdughqjr/#MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru/#MrÃr#Iholsh#Vrduhv#Vloyd#Qhwr/#MrvÉ#Doh{dqguh#Pdwrv#Yldqd/#MrvÉ#Mdphv#Whl{hlud/#Mxoldq#Olpd#Qdvflphqwr/#Oxl}#Ylhlud/#Pdufxv#YlqÍflxv#EudqgÃr#Vrduhv/#Qlfkrodv#Olpd/#Rj#Pdflho/#Rolylhu#Kdoorw/#Ulfdugr#gd#Vloyd#Rjoldul/#Urehuwr#Frkhq/#Urqdogr#Wruuh/#U|dq#Fduwzuljkw/#Wd|qÃ#Erqdogr#Jxdoehuwr/#Wkldjr#Vruuhqwlqr/#YlqÍflxv#P1#Ox}#h#Zlooldp#Vwdxiihu#Whoohv1

#######Frqwdwr

uhylvwdChvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Vlwh#Rilfldokwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

LVVQ#Q�#55690364[

R#frqwhÚgr#dvvlqdgr#h#dv#lpdjhqv#txh#r#lqwhjudp/#vÃr#gh#lqwhlud#uhvsrqvdelolgdgh#gh#vhxv#uhvshfwlyrv#dxwruhv/#qÃr#uhsuhvhqwdqgr#qhfhvvduldphqwh#d#rslqlÃr#gd#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#h#gh#vhxv#uhvsrqvÁyhlv1#Wrgrv#rv#gluhlwrv#vreuh#dv#lpdjhqv#vÃr#uhvhuydgrv#d#vhxv#uhvshfwlyrv#sursulhwÁulrv1





HGL§£R#363

FDSD

FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#frqwud#r#HvsÍulwr#OlyuhBUrehuwr#Frkhq

64

VXP¡ULR

454#DJHQGD 39#QRWFLDV

69

FhuwlilfdÇÃr=#mÁ#hvfrokhx#d#vxdBQlfkrodv#Olpd

6; FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#h#VhjxudqÇdOxl}#Ylhlud

77

FROXQDVZduqlqj#]rqh#0#HslvÓglr#5<Fduolvvrq#Jdoglqr49

FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#QdflrqdlvZlooldp#Vwdxiihu#Whoohv

FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#hp#WLMrvÉ#Doh{dqguh#Pdwrv#Yldqd

68

WXWRULDONlfnvwduwMxoldq#Olpd#Qdvflphqwr

86

Qryrv#vpduwskrqhv111Jloehuwr#VxguÉ

55Fhuwlilfdgr#GljlwdoDoh{dqguh#Rolyd57

Zduqlqj#]rqh#0#HslvÓglr#63Fduolvvrq#Jdoglqr4<

D#lpsruwÂqfld#gdv#FhuwlilfdÇÕhvGlhjr#Dohqfdu

7:

83 RevrohvfÊqfld#surjudpdgdPdufxv#YlqÍfxv#EudqgÃr#Vrduhv

Hqwuhylvwd#frp#Zlooldp#Vwdxiihu#Whoohv/#fuldgru#gd#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#FGIL

S¡J1#5;

Rv#glohpdv#gr#GUPWkldjr#Vruuhqwlqr

IRUXP

96

Fuldqgr#xp#srgfdvwRj#Pdflho59

Vdped#qr#XexqwxDsuÍjlr#VlpÕhv

89

3<#OHLWRU 47#SURPR§µHV

TXDGULQKRVSru#DqguÉ#Iduldv/#MrvÉ#Mdphv#Ihuuhlud/#MrÃr#I1#V1#Vloyd#Qhwr#h#U|dq#Fduwzuljkw

HQWUH#DVSDVFlwdÇÃr#gh#Elujlwwd#MÓqvgÓwwlu

449

454

Jrrjoh.Jxvwdyr#Iuhlwdv

LQWHUQHW

FRPXQLGDGHOlqx{#Wrwdo#frpsohwd#4#dqrIlolsh#Jdlr

UHODWRV#GH#HYHQWRVIDVRO#5344#0#VdqwduÉp2SDMrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlruIhuudphqwd#gh#Shvtxlvd

DqÍedo#Fdpsrv

HGXFD§£R

PRELOHDsolfdwlyrv#preloh#srghurvrvUlfdugr#gd#Vloyd#Rjoldul

;5

HPSUHVDVJryhuqdqÇd#gh#WLIdeuÍflr#Edvwr

:3

LLL#HVO#0#Lokd#Vrowhlud2VSMrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru

OLEUHRIILFHRshudÇÕhv#pÚowlsodv#qr#FdofRolylhu#Kdoorw

H{sruwdu#grfxphqwrv#sdud#SGIHoldqh#Grplqjrv

OleuhRiilfh#pdufd#suhvhqÇdHoldqh#Grplqjrv

<7

<9

<;

;:

D#hyroxÇÃr#gdv#Uhghv#PÓyhlvWd|qÃ#Erqdogr#Jxdoehuwr

WHOHIRQLD

98

UHGHVOWVS=#Lpsohphqwdqgr#vriwzduhIdeuÍflr#DudÚmr

:9

ZrugsuhvvJxlokhuph#Pd}hwwr

:6

Dpelhqwhv#gh#surjudpdÇÃrDoh{#Vdqgur#Idjxqghv

GHVHQYROYLPHQWR

<4

445

43;

437

434

Zlnlphgld# uhfheh# XV'619# plokÕhv# hp#uhfxuvrv#sdud#phokruld#whfqroÓjlfd

D# Zlnlphgld#Irxqgdwlrq/#rujdql}dÇÃr# vhp# ilqv#oxfudwlyrv# sru# wuÁv# gd#Zlnlshgld/# dqxqflrx# txh#irl# suhpldgd# frp# xpd#grdÇÃr# gh# XV'# 619#plokÕhv1#D#frqfhvvÃr# irl#gdgd# d# Zlnlphgld#Irxqgdwlrq# shod# Vwdqwrq#

Irxqgdwlrq# sdud# phokruldv# hp# vxd# hvwuxwxud#whfqroÓjlfd1# Vxh#Jdugqhu/# gluhwrud# h{hfxwlyd# gd#Zlnlphgld# Irxqgdwlrq/# glvvh=# %D# Vwdqwrq#Irxqgdwlrq# É# xp# ilqdqfldgru# gh# orqjd# gdwd# gd#IxqgdÇÃr#Zlnlphgld/#h#hx#hvwrx#pxlwr#ihol}#txh#hohv# hvwhmdp# dxphqwdqgr# vhxv# lqyhvwlphqwrv#hp# qÓv%/# dfuhvfhqwdqgr# txh# %irl# xpd# gdv#sulphludv# lqvwlwxlÇÕhv# d# uhfrqkhfhu# txh# d#ZlnlsÉgld# É# xp# vÉulr# hviruÇr# hgxfdflrqdo# txh#hvwÁ# whqgr# xp# lpsdfwr# vljqlilfdwlyr# vreuh# dv#shvvrdv#dr# uhgru#gr#pxqgr1%#Frp# lqirupdÇÕhv#gd#Wkh#K0Rshq#h#Zlnlphgld#Irxqgdwlrq1

Xexqwx#Rqh#djrud#É#pxowlsodwdirupdR# Xexqwx# Rqh/#vroxÇÃr# sdud#frpsxwdÇÃr# hp#qxyhp/# frp# xp#irfr# gluhflrqdgr#dr# xvxÁulr#ghvnwrs/# mÁ# hvwÁ#

glvsrqÍyho# hp# yhuvÕhv# sdud# glyhuvdv#sodwdirupdv# glihuhqwhv/# hqwuh# hodv# Zlqgrzv/#Xexqwx/# Dqgurlg/# lSkrqh# h# lSdg1# D# glvwÂqfld#hqwuh# r# ghvnwrs# h# rv# glyhuvrv# glvsrvlwlyrv#pÓyhlv# hvwÁ# vh# hvwuhlwdqgr# fdgd# yh}# pdlv1#Ghwdokhv#h#grzqordg=#kwwsv=22rqh1xexqwx1frp1

Lqwhuqdwlrqdo#Vsdfh#Dssv#FkdoohqjhD# QDVD/# d# djÊqfld#hvsdfldo# dphulfdqd/# hvwÁ#rujdql}dqgr# xpd#frpshwlÇÃr# lqwhuqdflrqdo#gh# vriwzduh# olyuh# sdud# r#dqr# txh# yhp# hp# txh#hvshud# hqwuhjdu# xpd#qryd# jhud/Ãr# gh#

vriwzduh# sdud# hqghuhÇdu# txhvwÕhv# joredlv1# D#djÊqfld# sodqhmd# frqwdwr# frp# rxwudv# djÊqfldv#hvsdfldlv# sdud# fuldu# d# Lqwhuqdwlrqdo# Vsdfh#Dssv#Fkdoohqjh# txh# luÁ# hqfrudmdu# %flhqwlvwdv# h#flgdgÃrv# suhrfxsdgrv%# d# fulduhp# qrydv#vroxÇÕhv# xvdqgr# whfqrorjld# dehuwd/# gdgrv#dehuwrv#h#vriwzduh# olyuh1#Ghwdokhv#qr#vlwh#rilfldo=#kwws=22rshq1qdvd1jry2dssvfkdoohqjh1# Frp#lqirupdÇÕhv#gd#Wkh#K0Rshq1

Wzlwwhu#deuh#fÓgljr#gr#iudphzrun#VwrupR# Wzlwwhu# olehurx# vhx#iudphzrun# gh# surfhv0vdphqwr# gh# iox{rv# gh#gdgrv/# fkdpdgr# Vwrup/#frpr# vriwzduh# olyuh1# R#vlvwhpd# gh# frpsxwdÇÃr#glvwulexÍgd# hp# whpsr# uhdo#irl# ruljlqdophqwh# ghvhqyro0

ylgr# shod# EdfnW|sh/# txh# irl# dgtxlulgd# shor#Wzlwwhu# hp# mxokr# ghvwh# dqr1# Gh# dfrugr# frp#Qdwkdq# Pdu}/# hqjhqkhlur# oÍghu# gr# Vwrup/# r#Vwrup# irl# surmhwdgr# sdud# suryhu# surfhvvdphqwr#glvwulexÍgr# hp# whpsr# uhdo# gh# iox{rv# gh# gdgrv/#vlplodu# dr# PdsUhgxfh# gr# Kdgrrs1# Hqwuhwdqwr/#glihuhqwhphqwh# gh# vlvwhpdv# Kdgrrs/# d#frpsxwdÇÃr# qxqfd# dfded=# d# uhgh#frqwlqxdphqwh# surfhvvd# phqvdjhqv# h# surgx}#uhvxowdgrv1#D#yhuvÃr#dwxdo#gr#Vwrup#É#d#31815#h#hvwÁ# glvsrqÍyho# vre# Hfolsvh# Sxeolf# Olfhqfh# 4131#Frp#lqirupdÇÕhv#gd#Wkh#K0Rshq1

QRWFLDV

QRWFLDVSru#MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru

�39Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

https://one.ubuntu.com

http://open.nasa.gov/appschallenge


QRWFLDV

�3:

Uhg#Kdw#dgtxluh#JoxvwhuD# Uhg# Kdw# dqxqflrx# d#dtxlvlÇÃr# gd# Joxvwhu/# xpd#frpsdqkld# gh# ghvhqyroyl0phqwr# gh# vriwzduh# olyuh#sdud# vlvwhpdv# gh# dupd}h0qdphqwr1# Vhjxqgr# d# Uhg#Kdw/# %d# whfqrorjld# gd#Joxvwhu# rihuhfh# fdudfwh0

uÍvwlfdv# txh# d# hqfdl{d# qd# hvwudwÉjld# gh#frpsxwdÇÃr# hp# qxyhp# gd# Uhg# Kdw%1# Pdlv# qr#eorj# gh# Euldq# Vwhyhqv=# kwwsv=22zzz1uhgkdw1frp2#surpr2vwrudjh2euldq0vwhyhqv1kwpo1# R# dqÚqflr#rilfldo# srgh# vhu# frqihulgr# dtxl=# kwwsv=22zzz1#uhgkdw1frp2surpr2vwrudjh1

Olyur#vreuh#QhwEVG#d#fdplqkrDodq# Phvvldv/# qrvvr# froderudgru/# hvwÁ#wudedokdqgr# qd# hoderudÇÃr# gh# xp# olyur# vreuh# r#vlvwhpd# rshudflrqdo# QhwEVG1# R# remhwlyr# É#hvfuhyhu# xp# olyur# hp# sruwxjxÊv# txh# vhmd# xpd#uhihuÊqfld# sdud# dgplqlvwudÇÃr# ghvvh# vlvwhpd#rshudflrqdo1# MÁ# irl# gdgr# lqlflr# À# hvfulwd# gr#phvpr/# pdv# dlqgd# whp# pxlwr# wudedokr# shod#iuhqwh1# Dodq# frqylgd# txhp# wlyhu# lqwhuhvvh# hp#sduwlflsdu# gd# hvfulwd# ghvvh# olyur# d# hqyldu# xp#hpdlo# frp# xp# plqlfxuulfxor# sdud=#dodqfrughlurCjpdlo1frp1# D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#dfrpsdqkduÁ#gh#shuwr#r#odqÇdphqwr#ghvwd#reud/#gdqgr#wrgr#r#dsrlr#gh#pÍgld1

Nhuqho1ruj#uhwrpd#dwlylgdghR#vlwh#rilfldo#gr#nhuqho#Olqx{#yrowrx# À# dwlylgdgh# qr# Úowlpr#gld# 6/# frpr# srgh# vhu#frqihulgr=# kwws=22nhuqho1ruj1#R# kwws=22jlw1nhuqho1ruj/# hqwuh0wdqwr/# frqwd# frp# xp#qÚphur# sdufldo# gh#uhsrvlwÓulrv/# djxdugdqgr#yhulilfdÇÃr# frqilÁyho# gh#fuhghqfldlv# grv# ghpdlv#

ghvhqyroyhgruhv#sdud#txh#hvwhv#srvvdp#hqyldu#vxdv#Áuyruhv1#VhuylÇrv#doÉp#gh#jlw#h# iws# +d#zlnl/#pluuruv/#hwf,#frqwlqxdp#lqglvsrqÍyhlv1

OdqÇdgr#Ihgrud#49#EhwdQr# Úowlpr# gld# 7/# irl#olehudgd# d# vhjxqgd#yhuvÃr# gh# whvwhv# gr#Ihgrud# 49# gh# frglqrph#Yhuqh1#D#yhuvÃr#ehwd#hvwÁ#glvsrqÍyho# sdud# grzqordg#hp=# kwws=22ihgrudsurmhfw1#ruj2jhw0suhuhohdvh1# Hvwd#

yhuvÃr# ehwd# frqwÉp# xpd# suÉyld# pdlv#dsulprudgd# gdv# uhfhqwhv# whfqrorjldv#ghvhqyroylgdv# shor# Ihgrud# Surmhfw1# Hvvdv#whfqrorjldv# vÃr# glvsrqlelol}dgdv# frp# pdlru#hvwdelolgdgh# sdud# vhuhp# qrydphqwh# whvwdgdv#shod# suÓsuld# frpxqlgdgh# gh# xvxÁulrv# d# ilp# gh#lghqwlilfdu# h# uhsruwdu# huurv# uxpr# d# xpd# yhuvÃr#ilqdo# pdlv# hvwÁyho# h# frqvlvwhqwh1# Hqwuh# dv#qrylgdghv# gd# yhuvÃr# 49# gr# Ihgrud# hvwÃr=#Eohqghu# 518/# JUXE# 5/# Errvw# 417:/# Fkurq|/#Frqgru#Forxg/#Ihuudphqwdv#sdud#ghvhqyroyhgru#Dgd/# KhndIV/# Pdwdkdul/# JQRPH# 615/#Yluwxdol}dwlrq#Vdqger{/#hqwuh#rxwurv1#Yhmd#d# olvwd#frpsohwd# gh# uhfxuvrv# srgh# vhu# frqihulgd# hp=#kwws=22ihgrudsurmhfw1ruj2zlnl2Uhohdvhv2492IhdwxuhOlvw1

Jrrjoh#deuh#fÓgljr#gh# iudphzrun#sdud# whvwh#xqlwÁulr#gh#MdydVfulsw

Hp# vhx# eorj# vreuh#Rshq# Vrxufh/# r#Jrrjoh# dqxqflrx# r#odqÇdphqwr# gr# MV#Whvw# 0# r# iudphzrun#gh# whvwh# xqlwÁulr#

txh#r#Jrrjoh#xvd# 0#frpr#xp#surmhwr#gh#fÓgljr#dehuwr1#Rv#whvwhv#urgdp#qr#prwru#MdydVfulsw#Y;#gr# Jrrjoh/# phvpr# prwru# MdydVfulsw# xvdgr# qr#qdyhjdgru# Fkurph1# Qr# ghvhqyroylphqwr# gr# MV#Whvw#rv#fuldgruhv#gr#iudphzrun#irudp#lqvsludgrv#shor# jrrjohwhvw/# xp# iudphzrun# olyuh# sdud#ghvhqyroylphqwr# gh# whvwhv# xqlwÁulrv# sdud# F..1#Ghwdokhv# hp=# kwws=22jrrjoh0rshqvrxufh1eorjvsrw1#frp2534423<2lqwurgxflqj0jrrjoh0mv0whvw1kwpo1

Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

https://www.redhat.com/promo/storage/brian-stevens.html

http://fedoraproject.org/get-prerelease

http://git.kernel.org

https://www.redhat.com/promo/storage

http://kernel.org

http://google-opensource.blogspot.com/2011/09/introducing-google-js-test.html

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/16/FeatureList

http://www.resulinux.net


Quer contribuir com esta seção?

Envie sua notícia para nossa equipe!

LqglfdÇÕhv# dehuwdv# sdud# r# 47�# SuÊplr#Dqxdo#Vriwzduh#Olyuh

D# IxqgdÇÃr# Vriwzduh#Olyuh# +IVI,# h# r# Surmhwr#JQX# dqxqfldudp# d#dehuwxud# gh# lqglfdÇÕhv#sdud# r# 47�# SuÊplr# Dqxdo#Vriwzduh# Olyuh1# R# SuÊplr#Iuhh# Vriwzduh#Irxqgdwlrq# sdud# r#DydqÇr# gh# Vriwzduh#

Olyuh#É#dsuhvhqwdgr#dqxdophqwh#shor#suhvlghqwh#gd# IVI/# Ulfkdug# Vwdoopdq/# d# xp# lqglyÍgxr# txh#whqkd# ihlwr# xpd# judqgh# frqwulexlÇÃr# sdud# r#surjuhvvr# h# ghvhqyroylphqwr# gh# vriwzduh# olyuh/#dwudyÉv# gh# dwlylgdghv# txh# hvwhmdp# gh# dfrugr#frp# r# hvsÍulwr# gh# vriwzduh# olyuh1#Dv# lqglfdÇÕhv#wdpeÉp# hvwÃr# dehuwdv# sdud# r# SuÊplr# gh# 5344#sdud#Surmhwrv#gh#EhqhiÍflr#Vrfldo1#R#SuÊplr#gh#EhqhiÍflr# Vrfldo# uhfrqkhfh# xp# surmhwr# txh#lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh# h# vljqlilfdqwhphqwh#ehqhilfld# d# vrflhgdgh# dwudyÉv# gh# froderudÇÃr#sdud#uhdol}dÇÃr#gh#xpd#lpsruwdqwh#wduhid#vrfldo1#LqirupdÇÕhv# vreuh# suÊplrv# dqwhulruhv# srghp#vhu# hqfrqwudgdv# hp# kwws=22zzz1ivi1ruj2dzdugv1#Rv# jdqkdgruhv# vhuÃr# uhfrqkhflgrv# qd#fhulpÔqld# gh# suhpldÇÃr# qd# frqihuÊqfld#OleuhSodqhw# whqwdwlydphqwh# djhqgdgd# sdud#pduÇr# gh# 5345/# hp# Ervwrq/# Pdvvdfkxvhwwv/#HXD1

Iuhh# Vriwzduh# Irxqgdwlrq# uhodqÇd# gluhwÓulr#gh#vriwzduh#olyuh

D# Iuhh# Vriwzduh#Irxqgdwlrq# +IVI,#dqÚqflrx# r# uhodqÇd0phqwr# gh# vhx# Iuhh#Vriwzduh# Gluhfwru|# hp#

kwws=22gluhfwru|1ivi1ruj1# R# gluhwÓulr/# odqÇdgr# shod#sulphlud# yh}# kÁ# txdvh# xpd# gÉfdgd# dwuÁv/# olvwd#pdlv# gh# 91833# surjudpdv# txh# vÃr# olyuhv# sdud#txdotxhu# xvxÁulr# edl{du/# h{hfxwdu# h#frpsduwlokdu1# Hvwd# qryd# yhuvÃr# wud}# qrylgdghv#sdud# wruqÁ0or# pdlv# Úwlo# h# dwxdo# sdud# xvxÁulrv/#ghvhqyroyhgruhv/#ghihqvruhv#h#shvtxlvdgruhv1

Xexqwx# 45137# OWV# mÁ# whp# qrph=# %Suhflvh#Sdqjrolq%

R# ixqgdgru# gr# Xexqwx/#Pdun# Vkxwwohzruwk/# dqxq0flrx# txh# r# Xexqwx# 45137#OWV# +Orqj# Whup# Vxssruw,#vhuÁ# qrphdgr# %Suhflvh#Sdqjrolq%1# Frpr# xpd#yhuvÃr# gh# vxsruwh# d# orqjr#sud}r/# r#Xexqwx# 45137# hvwÁ#

sodqhmdgr#sdud#vhu# %gh# orqjd#gxudÇÃr/#frqilÁyho#h# vÓolgr# frpr# xpd# urfkd%/# h# vhuÁ# r# vhjxqgr#odqÇdphqwr# lpsruwdqwh# gr# Xexqwx# wud}hqgr# r#dpelhqwh# gh# wudedokr# gd# Xqlw|1# Vkxwwohzruwk#glvvh# dlqgd# txh# 45137# vhuÁ# r# sulphlur#odqÇdphqwr# OWV# txh# vxsruwd# forxg# jxhvw/# h# d#lqiud0hvwuxwxud# gh# qxyhp/# hp# dutxlwhwxudv#DUP#h# {;91# R# Xexqwx# OWV# 45137# vhuÁ# odqÇdgr# hp#deulo#gh#5345/#h#frqwduÁ#frp#vxsruwh#hvwhqglgr=#wuÊv# dqrv# sdud# ghvnwrsv# h# flqfr# dqrv# sdud# d#yhuvÃr# gr# vhuylgru1# D# yhuvÃr# ilqdo# gr# Xexqwx#44143/# %Rfhorw#Rqlulf%/# ghyh#vhu#dsuhvhqwdgd#qr#suÓ{lpr#gld#46#gh#Rxwxeur1#Ghwdokhv#qr#eorj#gh#Pdun# Vkxwwohzruwk=# kwws=22zzz1pdunvkxwwohzruwk1#frp2dufklyhv2:;71

FrqkhÇd#r#Vshdnhu#Dqdo|}huR# Vshdnhu# Dqdo|}hu/# frpr#r# suÓsulr# qrph# vxjhuh/# É#xp# vriwzduh# jhuhqfldgru# gh#surfhvvrv/# sdud# dqdolvdu#dowr0idodqwhv# xvdqgr# dv#suÓsuldv# frqh{Õhv# gh# Áxglr#+hqwudgd# h2rx# vdÍgd,# gh# xp#SF1# Xp# Ówlpr# vriwzduh#

sdud# whvwhv# gh# Áxglr/# wrwdophqwh# qdflrqdo1# R#vriwzduh# irl# hvfulwr# hp# S|wkrq# h# ghvhqyroylgr#sdud# sodwdirupd# Olqx{1# Vdled# pdlv# hp=#kwws=22zzz1ofvihuqdqghv1frp1eu2surmhfwv2vshdnhudqdo|}hu2lqgh{1kwpo1

QRWFLDV

�3;Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj


http://www.fsf.org/awards

http://www.markshuttleworth.com/archives/784

http://www.lcsfernandes.com.br/projects/speakeranalyzer/index.html


http://directory.fsf.org

H# dtxl# hvwdprv# qrydphqwh/# fdur# ohlwru1#Uhfhehprv# frphqwÁulrv# edvwdqwh# prwlydgruhv#hvwh# pÊv# gh# vhwhpeur/# txh# qÃr# srghuldp#ghl{du# gh# vhu#phqflrqdgrv# dtxl1#Pxlwrv# uhodwrv#gh# ohlwruhv# txh# hvwÃr# vxshudqgr# vxdv#glilfxogdghv#hp#dsuhqghu#qrydv#whfqrorjldv/#vx0jhvwÕhv# gh# phokruldv# qd# uhylvwd/# djudghflphq0wrv# h# pxlwr# pdlv1# Ilfdprv# pxlwr# ihol}hv# frp#hvvh# ihhgedfn$# Sru# lvvr# vh# wlyhu# dojr# sdud# qrv#gl}hu/# É# vÓ# hqyldu$#Dedl{r# olvwdprv# dojxqv# ghv0wdv# phqvdjhqv# txh# uhfhehprv# gxudqwh# r# pÊv#gh#vhwhpeur=#

Srghuldp# id}hu# xpdv# glfdv# sdud# dv# shvvrdv#vreuh# frpr# dmxgdu# qdv# frpxqlgdghv# h#ghvhqyroylphqwr# gr# VO1# Srgldp# wrpdu# frpr#edvh#sdud#dmxgdu#r#Hnddw|#Olqx{#+sulqflsdophqwh#sru#vhu#xpd#glvwur#Eudvlohlud,1#Edl{hl#d#glvwur#+yl#d#glfd#dtxl#qd#UHO,#h#hvwrx#jrvwdqgr#edvwdqwh/#sruÉp# dfkr# txh# qÃr# h{lvwh# xpd# frpxqlgdgh#dwlyd1# QÃr# wlyh# pxlwr# whpsr# gh# shvtxlvdu/#lqvwdohl# rqwhp# h# hvwrx# txhuhqgr# wruqÁ0od# d#plqkd#glvwur#sulqflsdo1#Jrvwduld#gh/#txdqgr#wlyhu#xp#frqkhflphqwr#vÓolgr/#srghu#frqwulexlu#frp#r#VO/# pdv# qÃr# whqkr# qhp# lghld# gh# sru# rqgh#frphÇdu1# Xp# deudÇr# À# wrgrv# h# sdudeÉqv# shod#uhylvwd/#É#Ówlpd#h#frp#xp#frqwhÚgr#pxlwr#ulfr1Urguljr#Zodg|nd#0#Fxulwled2SU

SdudeÉqv# shod# uhylvwd/# dfrpsdqkr# h# ohlr# dv#pdwÉuldv# sxeolfdgdv1# Jrvwduld# gh# ghl{du#dojxpdv# rslqlÕhv2vxjhvwÕhv=# fuldu# xpd# froxqd#vreuh# ohlv# gh# lqirupÁwlfd# +olfhqÇdv/# Jry1eu/#

Ghfuhwrv/# Surfrq/# gluhlwrv# gr# frqvxplgru/#surmhwr# gh# ohl# gd# lqirupÁwlfd# hwf,1# Hqilp/# wrgd#sduwh#mxuÍglfd#vreuh#r#xvr#gh#vriwzduh#olyuh#+h2rx#sursulhwÁulr,# ehp# frpr# d# uhdolgdgh# eudvlohlud>#froxqd# vreuh# hpsuhhqghgruhv# rx# shvvrdv# txh#lqrydp/# h# qÃr# qhfhvvduldphqwh# dshqdv# vreuh#rv# judqghv# iljxuÕhv# gr#phlr1#Srgh0vh# hvfuhyhu#vreuh#klvwÓuldv#gh#shvvrdv#txh#lqioxhqfldudp#qr#vhx# edluur/# frpxqlgdgh/# qd# %lqwhuqhw%/# frp# r#xvr# gh# vriwzduhv# olyuhv/# vhmd# ghvhqyroyhqgr# rx#xwlol}dqgr# hvwhv># glyxojdu# hpsuhvdv# +vhmd#ghvfuhyhqgr# klvwÓuldv# ghodv# rx# xpd# Áuhd# gh#fodvvlilfdgrv,# txh# xwlol}hp# dshqdv# vriwzduh#olyuh/#rx#txh#sulrul}hp#r#xvr#ghvwh>#uhvhqkdv#gh#olyurv# 0# d# uhylvwd# srghuld# irupdu# sdufhuldv# frp#hglwrudv# sdud# hvwlpxodu# d# sxeolfdÇÃr# gh#uhvhqkdv# gh# olyurv# wÉfqlfrv# +rx# vlploduhv,# qd#Áuhd1# Sru# h{hpsor=# xp# ohlwru2dxwru# hqyld# xpd#uhvhqkd# judqgh/# frp# vxdv# 433305333# sdodyudv#sdud#d#uhylvwd#h/#vh#d#uhvhqkd#iru#dfhlwd#r#dxwru#jdqkd# r# gluhlwr# gh# hvfrokhu# xp# olyur# gd# hglwrud#txh# whyh# r# olyur# uhvhqkdgr1# Lvvr# hvwlpxoduld# r#ohlwru#d# id}hu#xpd#qryd# uhvhqkd#h#hvwlpxoduld#d#hglwrud# qd# glyxojdÇÃr# gh# vhx# olyur# +h#srvvlyhophqwh# gd# uhylvwd,1#REV=# qÃr# vh# olplwhp#d# olyurv# qdflrqdlv# dshqdv/# yhmdp# hp# oÍqjxd#hvsdqkrod# h# lqjohvd1# Hvwdv# vÃr# dojxpdv#vxjhvwÕhv#txh#dfkr#lqwhuhvvdqwh1#H#qrydphqwh/#sdudeÉqv#shor#h{fhohqwh#wudedokr$Sdxor#gh#Olpd#0#Fduslqd2SH

Xpd#uhylvwd#hvshwdfxodu1#Holp#Mrujh#gd#Vloyd#0#Pdudfdqdx2FH

FROXQD#GR#OHLWRU

HPDLOV/#VXJHVWµHV#H#FRPHQW¡ULRV

D|kdq#\LOGL]#0#v{f1kx

�3<Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj


Wrgrv# txh# id}hp# sduwh# gd# htxlsh# hvwÃr# gh#sdudeÉqv# shor# surgxÇÃr# gd# uhylvwd/# shorv#h{fhohqwh#duwljrv1#Fdgd#hglÇÃr#phokru#gr#txh#d#rxwud/# vkrz# gh# erod$# Xp# gld# idÇr# sduwh# gd#htxlsh1Wkdo|vvrq#Vduphqwr#0#PdfhlÓ2DO

SdudeÉqv#shod# uhylvwd1#Frqkhfl# uhfhqwhphqwh# h#hvwrx# jrvwdqgr# pxlwr1# Pxlwr# erp# sdud# ghl{du#surilvvlrqdlv# h# hvwxgdqwhv# dwxdol}dgrv# dfhufd#gd#frpsxwdÇÃr1#DeudÇr1Dulqdogr#gd#Vloyd#Dudxmr#0#VÃr#OxÍv2PD

Sduh# h# shqvh# txdqwdv# yh}hv# yrfÊ# vh# ghsdurx#frp# d# vhjxlqwh# vlwxdÇÃr=# %Suhflvr# gh# frqwhÚgr#h# qÃr# whqkr# uhfxuvrv%/# srlv# ehp# d# Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#yhlr#sdud#prvwudu#txh#r#pxqgr#gh#frqkhÇlphqwr#hvwÁ#dehuwr#d#wrgrv1#Hghlovrq#Ihuuhlud#gd#Vloyd#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

Xpd# erd# uhylvwd/# frp# pdwÉuldv# h{fhohqwh# h# r#phokru#gh#wxgr#É#judwxlwr1Ydjqhu#gd#Vloyd#DudÚmr#0#Jxduxokrv2VS

D# phokru# uhylvwd# vreuh# whfqrorjld# olyuh# txh#frqkhÇr1Urehuwr#Shuhlud#gh#Vrx}d#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

Vhqvdflrqdo1#Vhpsuh#erdv#qrylgdghv#h#glfdv1Jxlokhuph#D1#gh#Iduld#0#Qryd#Vhuudqd2PJ

D#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#yhlr#frp#xpd#sursrvwd#pxlwr# lqrydgrud/#frpr# whpdv#h#duwljrv#txh#vÃr#pxlwr#derugdgrv#qrv#gldv#gh#krmh1#Djrud#vrx#iÃ#gd#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh1Oxfdv#Dvhqflr#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

D# phokru# uhylvwd# vreuh# VO# txh# frqkhÇr111#Ylfldqwh111#@GUrguljr#Zodg|nd#0#Fxulwled2SU

Uhylvwd#pxlwr# lqwhuhvvdqwh#srlv# dmxgd#d#glixqglu#h{shulÊqfldv#h#frqkhflphqwrv1FÁvvlr#Iljxhuhgr#Grxudgr#0#Vdoydgru2ED

Vlpsohvphqwh# d#phokru# gr# Eudvlo# hp# uhodÇÃr# d#whfqrorjld1Dguldqr#F1#Edwlvwd#0#Vdqwd#Pduld#Vxo2GI

Xpd# gdv# phokruhv# uhylvwdv# gd# duhd# gh#lqirupÁwlfd/# h# frp# fhuwh}d# d# phokru# uhylvwd# gh#wrgdv#vreuh#vriwzduh#olyuh1Jxwkhuu|#gh#R1#Ihuuhlud#0#UlehluÃr#Suhwr2VS

Pdwhuldo#reuljdwÓulr#h#yÁolgr#sdud#txhp#É#xvxiuxl#gd#whfqrorjld#olyuh1Johlgvrq#Iholsh#Shuhlud#gd#Vloyd#0#EhoÉp2SD

Xpd#uhylvwd#lpsuhvflqgÍyho#qd#fhqd#gr#Vriwzduh#Olyuh#qr#Eudvlo1VÉujlr#I1#Olpd#0#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

Xpd#uhylvwd#txh#gÁ#pxlwdv#glfdv#h#lqirupdÇÕhv$#Hvvhqfldo#sdud#txhp#wudedokd#qd#Áuhd$De|pdho#MrvÉ#gd#F1#Shqkd#0#FrgÓ2PD

Xpd#uhylvwd#txh#suryd#txh#É#srvvÍyho#fuldu#xpd#sxeolfdÇÃr# froderudwlyd# frp# frqwhÚgr# gh#txdolgdgh/# doÉp# gh# surydu# txh# É# srvvÍyho# fuldu#xpd#uhylvwd#xwlol}dqgr#dshqdv#vriwzduh#olyuh1Urguljr#Fduydokr#Vloyd#0#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

D# phokru# h{suhvvÃr# eudvlohlud# gh# txdolgdgh#froderudwlyd# qd# surgxÇÃr# gr# frqkhflphqwr# h# d#phokru# pÍgld# vreuh# vriwzduh# olyuh# hglwdgd1#Ixqgdphqwdo# sdud# wrgrv# txh# plolwdp# qhvvd#fdxvd# shor# uhvshlwr# txh# rewhyh# sru# vhuxv#suÓsulrv#pÉulwrv1#SdudeÉqv#É#srxfr1#Reuljdgr#É#phokru1Urqdogr#Fdugr}r#Odjhv#0#Sruwr#Dohjuh2UV

Frqihvvr# txh# d# frqkhfl# sru# fdxvd# gd#surprÇÃr1# Pdv# mÁ# ixl# dwuÁv# sdud# frqkhfhu# h#iltxhl# idvflqdgr# shod# lqlfldwlyd1# ©#lpsruwdqwÍvvlpr# sxeolfdÇÕhv# vreuh# r# pxqgr# gr#vriwzduh# olyuh/# txh# vhmd# hod# sru# vl# olyuh/#froderudwlyd# h# dsdl{rqdgd1# MÁ# vh# wruqrx# xpd#gdv#plqkdv#uhihuÊqfldv1#Reuljdgr1Gdqlho#Fdydofdqwh#0#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

FROXQD#GR#OHLWRU



Uhylvwd#pdudylokrvd#h#lqvsludgrud1Wldjr#Urguljxhv#0#MdudjxÁ#gr#Vxo2VF

Xpd# uhylvwd# Ówlpd/# sdud# dsuhqghu# pdlv# vreuh#Olqx{#h#vhxv#vriwzduhv1Mhdq#FÉvdu#Ydvfrqfhorv#0#Ulr#Fodur2VS

D# Uhylvwd# wud}# lqvsludÇÕhv# sdud# wudedokdu# h#frqkhfhu# fdgd# yh}# pdlv# vriwzduhv# olyuhv/#dxwruhv# dowdphqwh# txdolilfdgrv/# frqwhÚgr# gh#sulphlud/#txhp#sdvvdu#d#frqkhfhu#vh#dsurixqgd#qr# dvvxqwr# h# whu# xpd# uhylvwd# frp# hvvd#txdolgdgh#h#vhp#fxvwr/#txdolilfd#rv#surilvvlrqdlv#h# iruwdohfh# fdgd# yh}# pdlv# hvvd# frpxqlgdgh1#SdudeÉqv#d#wrgrv/#uhylvwd#qrwd#431Hgvrq#Dodq#Sduud#Pduwlqv#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

D#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#qrv#ohyd#d#xpd#uhioh{Ãr#grv# dvvxqwrv# derugdgrv1# SdudeÉqv# Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh1Oxfdv#Pljxho#Dvhqflr#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

Xpd# Ówlpd# uhylvwd/# srghqgr# vhpsuh# vhuylu# gh#srqwr# gh# uhihuÊqfld# sdud# shvtxlvdv/# dmxgdqgr#pxlwr#hp#qrvvr#gld#d#gld1#Reuljdgr#d#wrgrv#txh#dmxgdp#qhvwd#judqgh#%edwdokd%#phqvdo1#Sdwulfn#Uhqlowrq#D1#grv#Vdqwrv#0#PdfhlÓ2DO

D# uhylvwd#prvwud# drv# eudvlohlurv# txh# É# srvvÍyho#frqylyhu# frp# vriwzduhv# olyuhv1# Glvsrqlelol}du# d#uhylvwd# gh# irupd# judwxlwd# É# xpd# gdv# phokruhv#irupdv#gh#glyxojdu#hvvd#suÁwlfd1Pdughq#O1#Fruuhld#gh#Rolyhlud#0#PdfhlÓ2DO

Xpd#Ówlpd#irqwh#gh#lqirupdÇÃr#h#uhioh{Ãr1Dqguhd#gd#Vloyd#Fdvwdjlql#0#Fxulwled2SU

©# xpd# pdudylokd/# hod# qrv# pdqwÉp# lqirupdgrv#vreuh# r#pxqgr# olyuh$# Vhpsuh# txh# srvvr# lqglfr#sdud# xp# dpljr# txh# hvwhmd# vh# yhu# olyuh# gdv#fruuhqwhv#gr#vriwzduh#sursulhwÁulr1Euxqr#gd#Vloyd#DudÚmr#0#Rxur#Eudqfr2DO

Uhylvwd# hvvhqfldo# sdud# txhp# txhu# hvwÁ# vhpsuh#sru#ghqwur#gdv#qrydv#whfqrorjldv#olyuhv1

MrÃr#Shgur#Urguljxhv#Frvwd#0#Slfrv2SL

Xp# yhÍfxor# qhfhvvÁulr# sdud# d# frpxqlgdgh#vriwzduh# olyuh/# sdud# rv# txh# vh# lqwhuhvvdp# shor#dvvxqwr# h# sdud# rv# txh# qÃr# frqkhfhp#qdgd# gh#vriwzduh# olyuh1# ©# xpd# Ówlpd# lqlfldwlyd# h#phuhfh#dpsod# glyxojdÇÃr1# MÁ# id}# sduwh# gdv# plqkdv#ohlwxudv#reuljdwÓuldv1Dluwldqh#Iudqflvfd#Uxilqr#0#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

Ol# srxfrv# h{hpsoduhv# h# dfuhglwr# txh# d# uhylvwd#yhlfxod# frqwhÚgr# gh# pxlwd# lpsruwÂqfld# sdud# rv#surilvvlrqdlv#gd#Áuhd#txh#exvfdp#h{fhoÊqfld1Sdxor# Hgxdugr# gh# Dophlgd# Vdqwrv# 0#MderdwÃr#grv#Jxdududshv2SH

D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# É# xp# vxevÍglr# shuihlwr#sdud# txhp#jrvwd# h# glvvhplqd#d#Fxowxud# Olyuh# h#r# wudedokr# froderudwlyr1# YrfÊv# hvwÃr# gh#sdudeÉqv# shor# ehoÍvvlpr# wudedokr1# D# olehuwdgh#pdqlihvwd#r#ghvdshjr1MrvÉ#GlrqÍvlr#MÚqlru#0#JoÓuld#gr#JrlwÁ2SH

Lqwhuhvvdqwh/# d# uhylvwd# vhpsuh# derugd# qryrv#whpdv#h#qrv##ghl{d#dwxdol}dgrv1Qdwkdold#Orxlvh#Eduurv#gd#Vloyd#0#PdfhlÓ2DO

D# phokru# uhylvwd# gljlwdo/# vhp# qhqkxpd# vrpeud#gh#gxylgdv1Hglpdu#Holdv#0#Ir}#gr#LjxdÇx2SU

Sdud#txhp#É#dsdl{rqdgr#sru#Vrizduh#Olyuh/#É#r#txh#kÁ#gh#phokru1Wkldjr#Odglvodx#0#Frodwlqd2HV

Xpd#Ówlpd#rsÇÃr#sdud# ohlwruhv# lqwhuhvvdgrv#hp#whfqrorjld1Ihuqdqgr#Vloyd#gh#DudÚmr#0#Ylod#Yhokd2HV

D#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh# wud}#pxlwdv# lqirupdÇÕhv#vreuh# whfqrorjld/# wud}hqgr# dvvxqwrv# gr#phufdgr# olyuh/# xpd# Ówlpd# irupd# sdud# vh#dwxdol}du/# uhfrphqgr# txh# wrgrv# rv# surilvvlrqdlv#gh#WL#whuldp#txh#ohu1Lghoydq#Zrokpxwk#0#Iuhghulfr#Zhvwskdohq2UV

FROXQD#GR#OHLWRU



Xpd# uhylvwd# txh# yhp# lqrydqgr# r# prghor# gh#uhylvwdv#qr#dvvxqwr#h# wud}hu#r#txh# whp#gh#pdlv#dwxdo#qr#pxqgr#gr#vriwzduh#olyuh/#txh#É#r#ixwxur$Fduorv# Urehuwr# grv# Vdqwrv# Mxqlru# 0# Shuhlud#Eduuhwr2VS

Xpd# Ówlpd# uhylvwd# vreuh# vriwzduh# olyuh/#dwxdolgdghv# qr# pxqgr# gd# frpsxwdÇÃr# h# pxlwd#whfqrorjld1# Vhpsuh# wud}hqgr# pdwÉuldv# fuÍwlfdv/#gh# dowd# txdolgdgh/# h# ihlwd# sru# froderudgruhv# h#frohjdv# gdtxl# gr# hvwdgr1# Vhpsuh# xpd# erd#ohlwxud1# ©# dwÉ# gliÍflo# vh# pdqwhu# dwxdol}dgr# dqwhv#gr# odqÇdphqwr# gd# suÓ{lpd# hglÇÃr/# wdpdqkr# r#frqwhÚgr#txh#d#uhylvwd#wud}1FoÁxglr# Urehuwr# IudqÇd# Shuhlud# 0# Ylod#Yhokd2HV

©#xpd#h{fhohqwh#uhylvwd#qr#udpr#gh#WL1#FrqwÉp#Ówlpdv# qrwÍfldv# vreuh# vriwzduhv# olyuhv# h#whfqrorjldv# glyhuvdv1# Vhpsuh# hvwrx# gh# rokr# qd#uhylvwd#sdud#qÃr#ilfdu#ghvdwxdol}dgr1Gdqlho# Gdpdvfhqr# [dylhu# gh# Eulwr# 0#Jxdudsdul2HV

Xpd# sxeolfdÇÃr# lqrydgrud# h# pxlwr# lpsruwdqwh#sdud#d#frpxqlgdgh#gh#vriwzduh#olyuh#qdflrqdo$Zlooh#Pdufho#Olpd#Pdokhlur#0#Fdfkrhlud2ED

Qhvvh#pÊv#gh#vhwhpeur#frpsohwrx#xp#dqr#hp#txh# frqkhfl# d# uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh/# h# qhvvh#ghfruuhu# gh# whpsr/# vlqwr0ph# fdgd# yh}# pdlv#lqwhjudqwh# ghvvd# idpÍold/# wÃr# xqlgd# txh# É# hvvd#htxlsh1# Whqkr# txh# vhu# iudqfr# frp# r# MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#0#hglwru#gd#uhylvwd#0#dv#qrwdv#hglwruldlv#ghoh# mÁ# lqwurgx}# r# ohlwru# frpsohwdphqwh# qr#hvsÍulwr# gd# hglÇÃr# h# vÃr# edvwdqwh# surixqgdv1#WdpeÉp# vreuh# d# froxqd# Zduqlqj# ]rqh# gr#FÁuolvvrq=#Fdud/# txhur#xp#dxwrjudir# whx$#@,# 0# É#pxlwr# erp/# r# hquhgr# h# r# ghvhqyroylphqwr# txh#whp# hvvd# wudpd1# QÃr# ilfd# sru# phqrv# rv# wh{wrv#gr#Doh{dqguh# Rolyd# vhpsuh# whp# xpd# slwdgd# gh#kxpru/# txh#ph# wlud#edvwdqwh# ulvrv1#Hvvd#htxlsh#É# hvsoÊqglgd# h# srvvxl# yÁulrv# txh# jrvwduld# gh#horjldu/# qr# hqwdqwr# ghl{duhl# lvvr# sdud# rv#frphqwdulrv# gdv# suÓ{lpdv# hglÇÕhv1# H# reuljdgr#

sru#glylgluhp#hvvh#HvsÍulwr#txh#É#Olyuh1#a1aIudqfn#Frvwd#Pruhlud#0#Sdopdv2WR

Remhwlyd/# gluhwd/# lqwhuhvvdqwh1# ³wlpd# sdud# vh#pdqwhu# sru# ghqwur# gr#pxqgr# gr# Vriwzduh# Olyuh#h# gdv# qrylgdghv# suhvhqwhv# qr# phufdgr# gd#whfqrorjld1##Uxdq#Glhjr#Ehylodtxd#0#Fdpsrv#Qryrv2VF

³wlpd/# dmxgd# pxlwr/# gdqgr# vxsruwh# qd# ylgd# gh#VO1Johlvrq#gh#Txhlur}#Vrduhv#0#FhloÂqgld2GI

Olehuwd#r#frqkhflphqwr$Iholsh#Dxjxvwr#Qxqhv#Ulehlur#0#JrlÂqld2JR

©# xpd# uhylvwd# pdlv# txh# frpsohwd/# srlv# irfd#edvwdqwh#r#pxqgr#gd#whfqrorjld1Jdeulhod#Frxwlqkr#grv#Uhlv#0#Fduldflfd2HV

Xpd# uhylvwd# frpsohwd# txh# qÓv# pdqwÉp#dwxdol}dgrv# gdv# qrylgdghv# gr# pxqgr#whfqroÓjlfr# h# djuhjd# ydoruhv# lqglvshqvÁyhlv#sdud# r# qrvvr# frwlgldqr/# vhqgr# hoh# uhsohwr# gh#vxusuhvdv1##Dolvrq# gh# Rolyhlud# Vloyd# 0# Vdqwdqd# gr#SdudÍvr2PJ

Dfrpsdqkr# h# lqglfr# ghvgh# d# hglÇÃr# qÚphur#xp/# pxlwr# erd1# Whqkr# wrgdv# dv# hglÇÕhv# h#hvshur#txdqgr#srvvÍyho#srghu#frqwulexlu1Txdqgr#gdyd#dxodv#vhpsuh#lqglfdyd#drv#doxqrv#h#frphqwdyd#dv#pdwÉuldv1MÉihu#Ehqghww#GÖuu#0#Fxulwled2SU

Shor# srxfr# frqkhflphqwr/# phvpr# qÃr# hvwd#vhpsuh#id}hqgr#xvr#gd#uhylvwd/#vlqwr#txh#h{lvwh#xpd# frqvwdqwh# hyroxÇÃr# sru# sduwh# gd# htxlsh#sdud# frp# vhx# sÚeolfr# doyr/# frp# lqÚphudv#phokruldv# ylvdqgr# d# h{sdqvÃr# h# r#ghvhqyroylphqwr# gh# xp# wrgr/# frpsduwlokdqgr#frqkhflphqwr#h#yhmr#txh#whqkr#dsuhqglgr#pxlwr#frp#lvvr1Euxqr#Erqilp#Orshv#0#Whl{hlud#gh#Iuhlwdv2ED

FROXQD#GR#OHLWRU



D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# yhp# wrgr# pÊv#dxphqwdqgr# plqkd# edvh# gh# frqkhflphqwrv/#qÃr# vdeld# gh# vxd# h{lvwÊqfld# dwÉ# srxfr# whpsr#dwuÁv/#pdv#txdqgr#d#frqkhfl#h#frphÇhl#d#ohu/#yl#pxlwrv# dvvxqwrv# txh# ghvfrqkhfld$# HvwÃr# gh#sdudeÉqv$#Frqwlqxhp#vhpsuh#dvvlp$Pxlwr#reuljdgr#sru#wxgr1Dodq#Ulqdog#Doyhv#gd#Vloyd#0#Vdqwr#DqguÉ2VS

D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh/# É# xpd# Ówlpd# irqwh# gh#frqkhflphqwr# sdud#plp1#Vhpsuh# dsuhqgr#pdlv#d#fdgd#qryd#hglÇÃr#gd#uhylvwd1Fhovr#Ohprv#MÚqlru#0#YlwÓuld2HV

Frqkhfl# d# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# hp# xpd#yldjhp#À#Iorulsd/#qdv#ghshqgÊqfldv#gd#XIVF#h#wurx{h# dojxqv# h{hpsoduhv# sdud# d# XQLSDPSD/#hp# EdjÉ1# UHYLVWD# IDQW¡VWLFD# ghvgh# hqwÃr#qÃr#shughprv#xpd#vÓ#hglÇÃr1#Vkrz#gh#erod$Fkduohv#Urguljxhv#Edvwrv#0#EdjÉ2UV

Xpd# uhylvwd# uhyroxflrqÁuld# h# lqrydgrud/# mdpdlv#xpd# uhylvwd# frp# frqwhÚgrv# wÃr# shuwlqhqwhv# dr#pxqgr# gr# vriwzduh# olyuh# kdyld# vlgr# odqÇdgd# qr#irupdwr#gljlwdo/#h# lvvr#vÓ#dfuhvfhqwd#qd#ylgd#gh#txhp# vh# ghglfd# d# frqkhfhu# h# wudedokdu# frp# d#lqlfldwlyd#Rshq#Vrxufh1Zlooldp#Elvsr#gh#Rolyhlud#0#Vdqwd#Pduld2GI

Pxlwr# hglilfdqwh/# dfrpsdqkr# ghvgh# d# sulphlud#hglÇÃr1Vdqgur#Fduydokr#0#Iudqvflvfr#EhowuÃr2SU

Phqwh#dehuwd/#lqwhudwlyd#h#gh#iÁflo#hqwhqglphqwr1#YlvlrqÁuld1Dqjhod#Pduld#gh#Vrx}d#0#Fdvfdyho2SU

Frqkhfl#d#uhylvwd#d#srxfr#whpsr/#pdv#ph#vhqwl#frpr#xp#juÃr#gh#duhld#qd#sudld1#©#xpd#pdu#gh#lqirupdÇÕhv# Úwhlv1# Vrx# surihvvru# gr# hqvlqr#ixqgdphqwdo#h#xp#srxfr# ohljr#qr#dvvxqwr/#pdv#iltxhl#lpsuhvvlrqdgr#frp#r#frqwhÚgr#gd#uhylvwd1#SdudeÉqv/#frqtxlvwdudp#xp#dgpludgru1Fohliihu# Hqgulxv# gh# Rolyhlud# Gdpduhp# 0#Phgldqhlud2SU

Pxlwr# erd/# dfrpsdqkr# vhpsuh$# H# hvwh# pÊv# mÁ#hqwuhl#hp#frqwdwr#h#txhur#vrpdu#frp#d# uhylvwd/#hvfuhyhqgr# duwljrv# h# dx{loldqgr# qdv# wudgxÇÕhv#gh# wh{wrv# hp# lqjoÊv1# Srlv# dfuhglwr# qd# hyroxÇÃr#gr# frqkhflphqwr# dwudyÉv# gh# vhxv#frpsduwlokdphqwr1Iudqflvfr#Lydq#U1#gh#Dqgudgh#0#Erd#Ylvwd2UU

D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# É# xp# grv# dolfhufhv# gd#glixvÃr# gh# lqirupdÇÕhv# vreuh# VO# h# whfqrorjld#hp# jhudo# qr# sdÍv1# Ilfr# pxlwr# vdwlvihlwr# hp# yhu#qd# UHO#pdwÉuldv# txh# qÃr# vÃr# hqfrqwudgdv# hp#rxwurv#yhÍfxorv#gd#Áuhd#gh#whfqrorjld1#Mrujh#Rolyhlud#0#¡jxdv#Fodudv2GI

D#phokru#uhylvwd#vreuh#vriwzduh#olyuh#gr#Sdlv$Zhqgho#Pd{#Qhyhv#Pdgxuhlud#0#EudvÍold2GI

Frqkhfl# d# uhylvwd# dwudyÉv# grv# vhjxlgruhv# gd#Odwlqrzduh#qr#Wzlwwhu/#pdlv# yhmr#txh#hod#É#ehp#dwxdol}dgd# frp# wrgrv# rv# hyhqwrv# pdlv#lpsruwdqwhv# gr# Eudvlo1# MÁ# hvwÁ# qrv# phxv#idyrulwrv1Oluldqd#Edwlvwd#gd#Vloyd#Shvfr#0#Pdwlqkrv2SU

D# phokru# uhylvwd# gljlwdo# ihlwd# sru# xpd#frpxqlgdgh# gh# xvxÁulrv/# hvvhqfldo# sdud# r#hqwhqglphqwr# h# dsulprudphqwr# ghohv# h#glvvhplqdÇÃr#gr#frqkhflphqwr1Urqdogr#Fdugr}r#Odjhv#0#Sruwr#Dohjuh2UV

FROXQD#GR#OHLWRU




Vruwhlr#gh#dvvrfldÇÕhv#sdud#r#foxeh1Foltxh#dtxl#sdud#frqfruuhu$

Vruwhlr#gh#lqvfulÇÕhv

Foltxh#dtxl#sdud#frqfruuhu$

SURPR§µHV#�#UHOD§£R#GH#JDQKDGRUHV#H#QRYDV#SURPR§µHV

#SURPR§µHV


YrfÊ#É#ghvhqklvwd#rx#vlpsohvphqwh#jrvwd#gh#ghvhqkduB#HqwÃr#hvwd#É#sdud#yrfÊ$#D#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh/#mxqwdphqwh#frp#FÁuolvvrq#Jdoglqr/#hvwduÁ#vruwhdqgr#xpd#fdqhfd#wÉuplfd#shuvrqdol}dgd/#sdud#r#phokru#ghvhqkr#

hqyldgr#sdud#qrvvd#uhgdÇÃr/#vhjxlqgr#d#whpÁwlfd#gd#froxqd#Zduqlqj#]rqh1#Sdud#sduwlflsdu#edvwd#hqyldu#vhx#ghvhqkr#sdud#uhylvwdChvslulwrolyuh1ruj1

D#Whpsr#Uhdo#Hyhqwrv/#hp#sdufhuld#frp#d#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh/#hvwduÁ#gdqgr#43(#gh#ghvfrqwr#sdud#rv#ohlwruhv/#hp#

txdotxhu#xp#gh#vhxv#fxuvrv1#Vh#lqvfuhyd#dtxl1

Vruwhlr#gh#ghvfrqwr#qdv#lqvfulÇÕhvFoltxh#dtxl#sdud#frqfruuhu$

Vruwhlr#gh#nlwv#gh#FG#h#GYG1Foltxh#dtxl#sdud#frqfruuhu$





http://spreadsheets.google.com/viewform?formkey=cnlQZTZuX2R2TmYwT3ZLZG01T1kxS1E6MA..

http://spreadsheets.google.com/viewform?formkey=clNodlhzNFZLcUswem9kVGtvM3llMFE6MA..


http://spreadsheets.google.com/viewform?formkey=dHUtVTBpRXFLWE55NUFxam96d1RDb2c6MA

https://spreadsheets.google.com/a/espiritolivre.org/spreadsheet/viewform?hl=en_US&pli=1&formkey=dDZQOEJwUGxYb3NfOFNVNnNsRGlEbXc6MA#gid=0

https://docs.google.com/a/espiritolivre.org/spreadsheet/viewform?formkey=dG80OEpFV185LTdEQ1ZHb2g3QzJXRFE6MA

https://docs.google.com/a/espiritolivre.org/spreadsheet/viewform?formkey=dGYzN1dWaEJ6VGpVMXRDVnhPWF81UGc6MA

https://spreadsheets.google.com/a/espiritolivre.org/spreadsheet/viewform?formkey=dFVnaFl4Z2hOM1Vrc2xzUEF4N0FHZ3c6MA#gid=0

https://docs.google.com/a/espiritolivre.org/spreadsheet/viewform?hl=en_US&formkey=dHBRaTVXYzJSYkxNcHM5NkNQYWJ1WVE6MA#gid=0


SURPR§µHV#�#UHOD§£R#GH#JDQKDGRUHV#H#QRYDV#SURPR§µHV

UhodÇÃr#gh#jdqkdgruhv#gh#vruwhlrv#dqwhulruhv=

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#Foxeh#gr#Kdfnhu=

41#Jxlokhuph#Dqwxqhv#gh#Iduld#0#Qryd#Vhuudqd2PJ51#Fohehu#Fruwh}#Exupdqq#0#DyduÉ2VS61#Urguljr#Qdvflphqwr#0#Pdqdxv2DP

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#SDVO1QHW1EU=

41#Mxoldqr#DqwÔqlr#gh#Rolyhlud#0#Frqwdjhp2PJ51#Grxjodv#Vdqwrv#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS61#Iholsh#gh#Olpd#Shuhvvlp#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS71#Ydjqhu#gd#Vloyd#DudÚmr#0#Jxduxokrv2VS81#]xdqq|#Vloyd#MxfÁ#0#Pdqdxv2DP

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#Yluwxdoolqn=

41#Ohrqdugr#Vdooh}l#Ydujdv#0#Vhuud2HV51#Oxl}#Fduorv#Ylhlud#0#Sruwr#[dylhu2UV61#Mrho#Vfkdihu#0#DjuroÂqgld2VF71#Euxqr#Phqghv#grv#Vdqwrv#0#Yrwxsrudqjd2VS81#Eohqqhu#Uhvhqgh#gh#Fduydokr#Hqhv#0#GlylqÓsrolv2PJ

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#S|wkrq#Eudvlo#^:`=

41#Fohlwrq#Doyhv#gh#Rolyhlud#0#Fdudslfxled2VS51#Ylqlflxv#Uxdq#Fdlqhool#0#UlehluÃr#Suhwr2VS61#Zlooldp#Zhqghu#Deuhx#gh#Rolyhlud#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS71#Jhuvrq#Plqlfklhoor#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#Fxuvr#0#VlpsoÍvvlpr=#SurgxÇÃr#gh#herrnv#hp#hSxe=

41#Hgvrq#Dodq#Sduud#Pduwlqv#0#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#Odwlqrzduh#5344=

41#Oluldqd#Edwlvwd#gd#Vloyd#Shvfr#0#Pdwlqkrv2SU51#Zhqgho#Pd{#Qhyhv#Pdgxuhlud#0#EudvÍold2GI61#Mrujh#Rolyhlud#0#¡jxdv#Fodudv2GI71#Fohliihu#Hqgulxv#gh#Rolyhlud#Gdpduhp#0#Phgldqhlud2SU81#Dqjhod#Pduld#gh#Vrx}d#0#Fdvfdyho2SU

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#LLL#FRDOWl=

41#Qdwkdold#Orxlvh#Eduurv#gd#Vloyd#0#PdfhlÓ2DO51#MrvÉ#GlrqÍvlr#MÚqlru#0#JoÓuld#gr#JrlwÁ2SH61#Sdxor#Hgxdugr#Vdqwrv#0#MderdwÃr#grv#Jxdududshv2SH71#MrÃr#Shgur#Urguljxhv#Frvwd#0#Slfrv2SL81#Pdughq#Oddlur|#Fruuhld#gh#Rolyhlud#0#PdfhlÓ2DO

Jdqkdgruhv#gd#surprÇÃr#Urfn#dqg#Udlov=

41#Shgur#Khqultxh#Sdvvdolql#Vrduhv#0#Fdpsrv#grv#Jr|wdfd}hv2UM




Qr#hslvÓglr#dqwhulru/#WxqjvwÊqlr#yrowd#frp#Prqwd0qkd#h#Vhdprqnh|1#Qd#edvh/#hqfrqwudp#r#Gldeor/#frp#d#pÁ#qrwÍfld#gh#txh#qÃr#frqvhjxlx#fdswxudu#qhqkxp#hvwdjlÁulr#gh#ghvljq1#DsÓv#glvfxvvÕhv#vr0euh# frpr# ghyhuld# vhu# r# orjrwlsr# gr# Juxsr# VdwÃ/#hohv# ilqdophqwh# deuhp# r# frqwdlqhu# txh# urxedudp#gr# sruwr# h# ghvfreuhp# txh# r# frqwdlqhu# wud}# dsh0qdv#sdolwrv1

Qr#sruwr/# hp#Vdoydgru/# dlqgd#kÁ# fodurv# vlqdlv#gd#ghvwuxlÇÃr1# D# dojxqv# txduwhluÕhv# gdol/# qxpd# odq0fkrqhwh# xpd# plvwhulrvd# pxokhu# gh# rokrv# gh# pho#frph#xp#vdqgxÍfkh#gh#txhlmr#frp#xpd#{Ífdud#gh#fdiÉ# frp# ohlwh1# R# edofÃr# hqyhokhflgr/# frp# xpd#fdpdgd# gh#pdghlud# d}xo# fodud# ghvfdvfdqgr1#Xp#krphp# rokd# hvwudqkr# sdud# hod/# xp# wudedokdgru#uÚvwlfr1#Gr#rxwur#odgr/#gxdv#pxokhuhv#frqyhuvdp1#Yhvwlgdv#frp#urxsdv#fxuwdv/#prvwudqgr#xp#srxfr#

FROXQD#�#F¡UOLVVRQ#JDOGLQR

Sru##Fduolvvrq#Jdoglqr

�49

HslvÓglr#5<

Whohmruqdo#hp#Vdoydgru



�4:

grv#vhxv#frusrv#xp#srxfr#fkhlrv1#Qhqkxpd#frp#xp#yhvwlgr#yhugh1

D#pxokhu#gÁ#pdlv#xpd#pruglgd#qr#vdqgxÍfkh#h#hq0wÃr#frphÇd#d#rokdu#frp#pdlv#dwhqÇÃr#sdud#d#whoh0ylvÃr1#R#udsd}rwh#gr#rxwur# odgr#gr#edofÃr#qrwd#d#dwhqÇÃr#gd#prÇd#h#dxphqwd#r#yroxph/#srxfr#dq0whv#gh# lu#dwhqghu#dr#shglgr#gh#xp#vhqkru#uhfÉp0fkhjdgr#qr#hvwdehohflphqwr1

Dsuhvhqwdgru=# 111dwdfrx# r# sruwr/# wud}hqgr# whuuru#h# suhmxÍ}r# À# srsxodÇÃr# vrwhursrolwdqd1# Yhmdp# dv#lpdjhqv1

UhsÓuwhu=# hvvdv# hvwudqkdv# fuldwxudv# fkhjdudp#dr#sruwr#sdud#urxedu#dv#fdujdv/#ilfdqgr#sru#oÁ#gx0udqwh# wrgr# r# gld1# Qr# ilqdo# gd# wdugh/# hohv# whuplqd0udp#ohydqgr#dshqdv#xp#grv#frqwdlqhuv1

Dsuhvhqwdgru=# r# txduwhwr# gr#pdo# dsduhfhx# shod#sulphlud#yh}#hp#Vwulqjwrzq/#hp#xp#dwdtxh#À#hp0suhvd#ShuiZd|1

UhsÓuwhu0iodvkedfn=#Rokhp#sdud#lvvr$#Hohv#hvwÃr#mrjdqgr#dv#yldwxudv#vreuh#rv#suÓsulrv#srolfldlv$

UhsÓuwhu=# Hvwd# É# d# vhjxqgd# dsdulÇÃr# gr# juxsr/#pdv#ghvwd#yh}#qÃr#ylprv#vlqdo#gh#xp#grv#lqwhjudq0whv1#Dtxhoh#txh#vh#sduhfh#frp#xp#plqrwdxur1

Surihvvru#gh#KlvwÓuld#gd#XIED=#Xp#plqrwdxur/#xp#krphp#gh#ihuur#h#xpd#qÁldgh#dsduhfhqgr#kr0mh1#Hvwdprv#ylyhqgr#xp#prphqwr#vhp#suhfhghq0whv#txh#qrv# ohyd#d# uhyhu# wxgr#r#txh#hqwhqghprv#sru#uhdo#h#loxvÓulr1#D#olqkd#hqwuh#plwr#h#uhdolgdgh#hv0wÁ#dedodgd1

Surihvvru# gh# Ilorvrild# gd# XIED=#Dlqgd# qÃr# vh#

vdeh#dwÉ#txh#srqwr#r#txh#ylprv#É#uhdo1#QÃr#ghyh0prv#hqwudu#hp#sÂqlfr#vreuh#d# olqkd#gd#uhdolgdgh/#mÁ# txh# hod# vh# pdqwhyh# iluph# sru# wdqwrv# vÉfxorv1#Ghyhprv# dqwhv# dqdolvdu# wxgr/# txh# r#pdlv# suryÁ0yho#É#txh#qrvvrv#rokrv#hvwhmdp#huudgrv1#H#vreuh#d#pxokhu/#hod#srghuld#pxlwr#ehp#vhu#qd#uhdolgdgh#xpd#rfhÂqlgd1

Surihvvru#gh#KlvwÓuld#gd#XIED=#©#fodur#txh#hod#É#xpd#qÁldgh$

Dsuhvhqwdgru=# R# ghohjdgr# JhwÚolr# Wdyduhv# hvwÁ#lqyhvwljdqgr#r#fdvr1

Ghohjdgr=#Hvwdprv#survvhjxlqgr#frp#dv#lqyhvwl0jdÇÕhv/# hp# frqwdwr# frqvwdqwh# frp#Vwulqjwrzq/# d#ilp#gh#vroxflrqduprv#r#fdvr1#Hvshudprv#r# odxgr#grv#shulwrv1

Dsuhvhqwdgru=# R# jryhuqdgru# Gdyl# Urjhuv# wdp0eÉp#irl#txhvwlrqdgr#vreuh#r#hvwudqkr#lqflghqwh1

Jryhuqdgru=#R#txh# whprv#ylvwr#qd#Edkld#É#dojr#irud#grv#sdguÕhv1#Vhmd# oÁ#r#txh# iru# txh#hvwdprv#hqiuhqwdqgr/#É#dojr#doÉp#gdv#qrvvdv#iruÇdv#srolfl0dlv1# MÁ# hqfdplqkdprv# d# EudvÍold/# qr# txh# frqwd0prv# frp# r# dsrlr# grv# qrvvrv# vhqdgruhv/# xp#shglgr# gh# lqwhuyhqÇÃr# plolwdu/# xp# uhiruÇr# sdud#txh#srvvdprv#wud}hu#d#sd}#gh#yrowd#À#Edkld1

Dsuhvhqwdgru=# ©/# Pduohqh/# sduhfh# txh# hvwdprv#gldqwh#gh#dojr#txdvh#vreuhqdwxudo1

Dsuhvhqwdgrud=#R#pdlv#hvwudqkr#É#r# idwr#gh#xp#ghohv# qÃr# whu# dsduhflgr1# R# txh# whuÁ# dfrqwhflgr#frp# hohB# VhuÁ# txh# srghprv# qrv# dohjudu# h# fuhu#txh#whprv#xp#sureohpd#d#phqrvB


http://www.winlinuxday.com.br



�4;

Dsuhvhqwdgru=#VÓ#r#whpsr#gluÁ#r#txh#krxyh#frp#r#plqrwdxur1# Hvshur# txh# wxgr# vhmd# hvfoduhflgr# r#pdlv# euhyh# srvvÍyho# sdud# txh# srvvdprv# gruplu#ghvsuhrfxsdgrv1

Dsuhvhqwdgrud=#MÁ#qrv#edvwdp#dv#suhrfxsdÇÕhv#gr#gld#d#gld/#qÃr#É#phvprB

Dsuhvhqwdgru=#MÁ#qrv#edvwdp1#Ydprv#djrud#frp#d#suhylvÃr#gr#whpsr/#frp#Mxoldqd#Urfkd1

D# pxokhu# gh# yhvwlgr# yhugh# sdjd# r# odqfkh/# pdv#qÃr#shjd#r#wurfr1#Vlpsohvphqwh/#vdl#gr#hvwdehohfl0phqwr#vre#rokrv#fxulrvrv#gh#wrgrv1

FDUOLVVRQ#JDOGLQR#É#Edfkduho#hp#FlÊqfld#gd#FrpsxwdÇÃr#h#sÓv0judgxdgr#hp#SurgxÇÃr#gh#Vriwzduh#frp#ªqidvh#hp#Vriwzduh#Olyuh1#MÁ#pdqwhyh#surmhwrv#frpr#LdudMV/#HqflforsÉgld#Rphjd#h#Orvdqjr1#PdqwÉp#surmhwrv#hp#vhx#eorj/#F|dqhxv1#Phpeur#gd#Dfdghpld#Dudsludtxhqvh#gh#Ohwudv#h#Duwhv/#É#dxwru#gr#Frugho#gr#Vriwzduh#Olyuh#h#gr#Frugho#gr#EuRiilfh1




http://pt-br.libreoffice.org


R# Eudvlo# frqwd# frp# xp# sÓor# whfqroÓjlfr# gh#ghvwdtxh# lqwhuqdflrqdo1# YÁuldv# hpsuhvdv#wudedokdp# hp# lqrydÇÃr# qdv# pdlv# glyhuvdv#Áuhdv/# gr# vriwzduh# drv# plfurflufxlwrv1# Hvwrx#idodqgr#gh#Vwulqjwrzq/#xpd#phwuÓsroh#orfdol}dgd#qd#Edkld1

Xpd# ghvvdv# hpsuhvdv# hud# d# V|vDwrp#Whfkqrorj|/#sruÉp/#xp#dflghqwh#hqyroyhqgr#xp#surmhwr# elroÓjlfr# vhx# fkdpdgr# DwlrqYlu/# d#hpsuhvd# É# ghvwuxÍgd1# Vhxv# ixqflrqÁulrv# txh# vh#hqfrqwudydp# qr# orfdo/# hqwuhwdqwr/# whuplqdp#plvwhulrvdphqwh# dgtxlulqgr# fdudfwhuÍvwlfdv#dqrupdlv1

Rolyhu/# r# fkhih/# vh# wudqvirupd# hp# xp#euxwdprqwhv# phwÁolfr# h# dvvxph# r# frglqrph#WxqjvwÊqlr1#Duvhq/#hvshfldolvwd#hp#pdqlsxodÇÃr#


Sru##Fduolvvrq#Jdoglqr

�4<

HslvÓglr#63

Prwrv#gh#fruulgd



�53

jhqÉwlfd/# vh# wruqd# xp# euxwdprqwhv# gh# shgud# h#dgrwd#r#frglqrph#gh#Prqwdqkd1#Vxd#dvvlvwhqwh/#Orxlvh/# whp# d# frqvwlwxlÇÃr# gr# vhx# frusr#prglilfdgd# ^ # vhx# frusr# djrud# vh# dvvhphokd# d#xpd# jhodwlqd# ylyd# hp# irupd# gh# pxokhu# 0# h# vh#lqwlwxod# Vhdprqnh|1# Ydoglg/# surjudpdgru/# vh#wruqd# xp# plqrwdxur# h# sdvvd# d# vh# fkdpdu#Plqrwdxu1# DsÓv# xpd# vxfhvvÃr# gh# frglqrphv/#suhihuh# djrud# vhu# fkdpdgr# gh# Gldeor1# Hohv#irupdp#r#juxsr#VDW£1

Gh# rxwur# odgr/# d# ghvljqhu# juÁilfd# Sdqgrud#dgtxluh# srghuhv# hoÉwulfrv# h# hvfrokh# r# qrph#Vwrupgdqfhu1# Vhx# qdprudgr/# r# surjudpdgru#Gduuho/#dgtxluh#srghuhv#plvwhulrvrv#h#hvfrokh/#d#frqwudjrvwr/#r#frglqrph#Fljdqr1

R# juxsr# VDW£# frphÇd# d# dwdfdu# hpsuhvdv#yl}lqkdv/#frrughqdgr#sru#WxqjvwÊqlr1#Sdqgrud#h#Gduuho#vh#yhhp#qd#plvvÃr#gh#sru#xp#srqwr#ilqdo#hp#vxdv#dÇÕhv#ghvwuxwlydv1

Qr# hslvÓglr# dqwhulru/# r# whohmruqdo# dqxqfld# r#dwdtxh#gr#juxsr#VDW£#dr#sruwr#gh#Vdoydgru1

Hp# IordwleÁ/# qr# krwho# rqgh# hvwÃr# krvshgdgrv/#Sdqgrud#h#Gduuho# glvfxwhp#vreuh#dv#prwrv#txh#hqfrqwududp#hp#xp#frqwdlqhu#hp#Vdoydgru1

Sdqgrud=#Nloodf|foh$B#©#hvvh#r#qrphB

Gduuho=#©1

Sdqgrud=#H#yrfÊ#glvvh#txh#vÃr#prwrv#hoÉwulfdv#dlqgd#phokruhv#gr#txh#d#FkrtxlwdB

Gduuho=# H{dwr1# D# Fkrtxlwd/# rx# phokru/# d# Nlq# É#xuedqd# hqtxdqwr# d# Nloodf|foh# É# xpd# prwr# gh#fruulgd1

Sdqgrud=#Txh#sruuhwd$$

Gduuho=# R# phokru# É# txh# ydprv# whu# gxdv# ghodv1#Xpd#plqkd#h#rxwud#vxd1

Sdqgrud=# H# dÍ# d# jhqwh# wurfd# txdqgr# d# vxd#

ghvfduuhjdu#txh#hx#fduuhjr#hod/#qÉ#EhpB

Gduuho=# H{dwdphqwh1# Pdv# whuhl# txh# id}hu# dv#dgdswdÇÕhv# qdv# gxdv# sdud# shuplwlu# txh# yrfÊ#fduuhjxh# gh# xpd# irupd# pdlv# iÁflo1# Dk/# h# yrfÊ#whuÁ# txh# surphwhu# txh# ydl# whu# pxlwr# fxlgdgr#srutxh#vÃr#prwrv#pxlwr#uÁslgdv/#shuljrvdv1#Yrx#whu# txh# duuxpdu# urxsd# surilvvlrqdo# sdud# qÓv#wdpeÉp1

Sdqgrud=#Frpr#dvvlpB

Gduuho=# Gdtxhodv# urxsdv# gh# prwrfurvv/# frp#surwhÇÃr#frpsohwd1

Sdqgrud=#Dk111#H#txdqwdv#prwrv#wlqkd#oÁB

Gduuho=#Vhlv1

Sdqgrud=#VÓB

Gduuho=#©/#r#uhvwr#hudp#shÇdv1

Sdqgrud=#Kppp111

Gduuho=#H#hx#frortxhl#dv#rxwudv#hp#orfdo#vhjxur1

Sdqgrud=# Pdv# Ehp/# lvvr# qÃr# É# huudgrB# Ph#vlqwr#pdo#frp#lvvr1

Gduuho=#Hp#sduwh1#Hvwdprv#xvdqgr#hvvdv#prwrv#frpr# ihuudphqwdv# gd# qrvvd# oxwd1#R# suhmxÍ}r# gh#wluduprv# hvvdv# prwrv# É# ehp# phqru# gr# txh# r#suhmxÍ}r#txh#r#Rolyhu#whp#fdxvdgr1

Sdqgrud=#©#yhugdgh111

Gduuho=#DoÉp#gr#pdlv/#vh#qÃr#irvvh#sru#qÓv#hohv#urxeduldp# hvvdv# prwrv# wdpeÉp# h# fhuwdphqwh#ldp#ghvwuxlu/#mÁ#txh#vÃr#pxlwr#shvdgrv#sdud#xvÁ0odv1

Sdqgrud=#Kdkd$#©#phvpr$#WÁ/#wxgr#ehp111

Gduuho#gÁ#xp#ehlmr#hp#Sdqgrud#h#vh# ohydqwd#gr#vriÁ1




�54

Gduuho=# Srlv# ehp/# yrx# oÁ# qd# jdudjhp# wudedokdu#qdv#prwrv1

Sdqgrud=#WÁ/#Ehp/#yrx# id}hu#r# mdqwdu1#Pdv#qÃr#vhl#vh#ydl#suhvwdu/#wÁB

Gduuho=#Wxgr#ehp1

Sdqgrud=#Ehp$

Gduuho=#Gljd/#Sdqgrud1

Sdqgrud=# D# vxd# prwr# ydl# vh# fkdpdu# frprB#Ghsrlv#gd#Fkrtxlwd/#ghl{d#yhu111#D#plqkd#ydl# vh#fkdpdu#Edqglgd$

Gduuho=#Wdqwr#id}111

Sdqgrud=#©$#Edqglgd$#R#qrph#qÃr#É#Nloodf|fohB#Ohpeud#nloohu$

Gduuho=#Wxgr#ehp/#yrx#lqgr#oÁ#h#mÁ#yrowr1

Sdqgrud=#WÁ111

Sdqgrud#ilfd#vhqwdgd#rokdqgr#sdud#d#sduhgh#sru#xp#whpsr1

Sdqgrud=#©/#r#qrph#gd#qrvvd#gxsod#srghuld#vhu#Wkh#Nloohuv#rx#DwlrqNloohuv1#©$#DwlrqNloohuv#É#ohjdo$#Ghsrlv#hx#idor#frp#r#Gduuho#vreuh#lvvr$

FDUOLVVRQ#JDOGLQR#É#Edfkduho#hp#FlÊqfld#gd#FrpsxwdÇÃr#h#sÓv0judgxdgr#hp#SurgxÇÃr#gh#Vriwzduh#frp#ªqidvh#hp#Vriwzduh#Olyuh1#MÁ#pdqwhyh#surmhwrv#frpr#LdudMV/#HqflforsÉgld#Rphjd#h#Orvdqjr1#PdqwÉp#surmhwrv#hp#vhx#eorj/#F|dqhxv1#Phpeur#gd#Dfdghpld#Dudsludtxhqvh#gh#Ohwudv#h#Duwhv/#É#dxwru#gr#Frugho#gr#Vriwzduh#Olyuh#h#gr#Frugho#gr#EuRiilfh1





Rv# fhoxoduhv# h# vpduwskr0qhv# frqtxlvwdudp# rv# frqvxpl0gruhv# h# vÃr# rv# yhugdghlurv#uhsuhvhqwdqwhv#gr#pxqgr#dwxdo#rqgh#wxgr#hvwÁ#hp#prylphqwr1

Dshvdu# ghvwd# suhihuÊqfld#qdflrqdo# rv# vpduwskrqhv# dsuh0vhqwdp#dojxpdv#olplwdÇÕhv#ghyl0gr# sulqflsdophqwh# dr# vhx#wdpdqkr1# Qdyhjdu# qd# Lqwhuqhw/#ohu# xp# h0pdlo# rx# grfxphqwr#hp# whodv# shtxhqdv# qÃr# É# xpd#h{shulÊqfld#djudgÁyho1#R#txh#gl0}hu# hqwÃr# txdqgr# suhflvdprv#gljlwdu#xp#wh{wr#hp#whfodgrv#pl0qÚvfxorvB

D#vroxÇÃr#sdud#hvwhv#sur0eohpdv/# dwÉ# djrud/# hud# xwlol}du#rxwurv# glvsrvlwlyrv# frpr# wd0eohwv# frp# vxdv# whodv# vhqvÍyhlv#dr# wrtxh# rx# qrwherrnv2qhwer0rnv#frp#vhxv#whfodgrv#gh#wdpd0

qkr# dghtxdgr1# Dsduhqwhphqwh#uhvroylgr#xp#sureohpd#dlqgd#il0fd#rxwur/#r#gh# whu#txh#fduuhjdu#grlv# htxlsdphqwrv# shvdgrv# h/#hp#dojxqv#fdvrv/#pdqwhu#dv#lq0irupdÇÕhv#dwxdol}dgdv#hqwuh#rv#grlv1

Srlv# rv# ideulfdqwhv# djrud#vxjhuhp#xpd#qryd#derugdjhp#sdud# hvwd# txhvwÃr=# vpduwskr0qhv# txh# srghp# vh# %yhvwlu%# gh#rxwurv#htxlsdphqwrv#sdud#dwhq0ghu#d#ghpdqgdv#glihuhqwhv1#Sd0ud# r# xvxÁulr# d# erd# qrwÍfld# É#txh# hoh# ydl# suhflvdu# fduuhjdu#dshqdv#xp#glvsrvlwlyr1

D# sulphlud# d# sursru# hvwh#qryr# sdudgljpd# irl# d#Prwrurod#frp# r# vhx# Dwul{#+kwws=22wlq|xuo1frp2dwul{odsgrf,/#xp# vpduwskrqh# dsduhqwhphq0wh# frpxp# pdv# txh# frqwd# xp#

Qryrv# #########vpduwskrqhv/#####qryrv##sdudgljpdv

Sru#Jloehuwr#VxguÉ

�55

FROXQD#�#JLOEHUWR#VXGU©

GLYXOJD§£R



http://tinyurl.com/atrixlapdoc

�56

xp#dffhvvÓulr#hvshfldo/# r# fkd0pdgr# Odsgrf/# xpd# Grfnlqj#Vwdwlrq#qr#irupdwr#gh#xp#qrwh0errn1# Rokdqgr# gh# irud/# r# Ods0grf# sduhfh# phvpr# xp#qrwherrn# frp#xp# whfodgr# frq0yhqflrqdo/# xp# wrxfksdg# h# xpd#whod#gh#44/9**1

Dr# suhflvdu# xwlol}du# r#vpduwskrqh# sru# pdlv# whpsr# h#frp#xp# whfodgr#h# whod#pdlruhv#É# vÓ# hqfdl{du# r# Dwul{# qr# Ods0grf1#R#surfhvvdphqwr#h#dv# lq0irupdÇÕhv# gh# frqwdwrv# h#dutxlyrv# frqwlqxdp# vhqgr# rv#gr#vpduwskrqh1

Rxwur# ideulfdqwh# txh# lqr0yrx# irl# d# Dvxv/# frqkhflgd# sru#

vhxv# qhwerrnv/# txh# dfded# gh#odqÇdu# r# # Sdgirqh#+kwws=22hyhqw1dvxv1frp2preloh2#sdgirqh2,1# Xp# kÍeulgr# gh#vpduwskrqh# h# wdeohw# frp# xp#ixqflrqdphqwr#ehp# lqwhuhvvdq0wh1#D#vroxÇÃr#É#frpsrvwd#gh#gx0dv# shÇdv# xp# vpduwskrqh/#vlplodu# d# wdqwrv# rxwurv# txh# wh0prv#qr#phufdgr#h#xp#dfhvvÓ0ulr# qr# irupdwr# gh# xp# wdeohw#frp#whod#gh#43**1#Fdvr#yrfÊ#suh0flvh#gh#xp#wdeohw#É#vÓ#hqfdl{du#r# vpduwskrqh# hp# xp# orfdo#dwuÁv#gr#Sdgirqh#hvshfldophq0wh#ihlwr#sdud#lvwr1

Surqwr/#djrud#r#vpduwskr0qh# vh# wudqviruprx# hp# xp# wd0eohw# h# yrfÊ# dlqgd# srgh# xwlol}du#

wrgrv# rv# uhfxuvrv# glvsrqÍyhlv#qr# fhoxodu# frpr# d# fÂphud# gh#8Psl{hov/# qdyhjdÇÃr# qd# Lqwhu0qhw#yld#6J#h#Zlil1

©# gh# vh# hvshudu# txh/# sru#vhuhp# rv# sulphlurv# uhsuhvhq0wdqwhv# gh# xpd# qryd# sursrvwd/#hvwhv#vpduwskrqhv#whqkdp#suh0Çrv# %vdojdgrv%# pdv# qdgd# fr0pr# dojxqv# phvhv# gh# yhqgd# h#dgrÇÃr# shorv# xvxÁulrv# sdud#txh#hvwh#rv#ydoruhv#fdldp#pxl0wr1#

Ehp# ylqgr# d# xpd# qryd#pxgdqÇd# gh# sdudgljpd1# VhuÁ#txh#hod#ydl#%ylqjdu%B

####Rv#fhoxoduhv#h#vpduwskrqhv#frqtxlvwdudp#rv#frqvxplgruhv#h#vÃr#rv#yhugdghlurv#uhsuhvhqwdqwhv#gr#pxqgr#dwxdo#rqgh#wxgr#hvwÁ#hp#prylphqwr1Jloehuwr#VxguÉ

JLOEHUWR#VXGU©#É#surihvvru/#frqvxo0wru#h#shvtxlvdgru#gd#Áuhd#gh#VhjxudqÇd#gd#LqirupdÇÃr1#Fr0phqwdulvwd#gh#Whfqr0orjld#gd#UÁglr#FEQ1#Duwlfxolvwd#gr#Mruqdo#D#Jd}hwd#h#Sruwdo#lPdvwhuv1#Dxwru#grv#ol0yurv#Dqwhqdgr#qd#Whfqrorjld/#Uhghv#gh#Frpsxwdgruhv#h#Lqwhuqhw=#R#hqfrqwur#gh#5#Pxqgrv1

FROXQD#�#JLOEHUWR#VXGU©


www.escolalinux.com.br


http://event.asus.com/mobile/padfone/

QÃr# vhl# vh# r# sdwuÃr# ydl# jrvwdu# gh# vdehu/#pdv111# # qÃr# vrx# h{dwdphqwh# xp# iÃ# gh# fhuwlilfd0ÇÕhv/#sru#gxdv#ud}Õhv=#vÃr#xpd#irupd#gh#h{whu0qdol}dÇÃr# gh# fxvwrv# h# qÃr# vÃr# vxilflhqwhphqwh#dqdoÓjlfdv1##H{solfr1

Qr#phx#whpsr#+txh#irl/#qÃr#wÁ#yhqgr#phxv#ilrv# gh# edued# eudqfrvB,/# txdqgr# xpd# hpsuhvd#txhuld# frqwudwdu# xp# surilvvlrqdo/# shgld# fxuuÍfx0orv/# id}ld# hqwuhylvwdv# h# surydv# sdud# hvfrokhu# rv#txh# wlyhvvhp#pdlru# srwhqfldo/# sdud# hqwÃr#hqfd0plqkÁ0orv# dr# wuhlqdphqwr/# rqgh# dsuhqghuldp# d#rshudu# rv# duwhidwrv# h# ihuudphqwdv# qhfhvvÁulrv#sdud#r#wudedokr#txh#dol#ghvhpshqkduldp1

Dydoldu# fxuuÍfxorv/# suhsdudu# h# fruuljlu# whv0whv/#hqwuhylvwdu#rv#fdqglgdwrv#h#ghsrlv#wuhlqÁ0orv#vÃr#ghvshvdv/#dqwhv#dufdgdv#shod#hpsuhvd#frq0wudwdqwh1# #Qr# diÃ# gh#pd{lpl}du# oxfurv/# xpd#gdv#phglgdv#pdlv# frpxqv# É# h{whuqdol}du# rv# fxvwrv1#H{dphv# yhvwlexoduhv# h# rxwurv# frqfxuvrv# sÚeol0frv/#sru#h{hpsor/#frvwxpdp#freudp#wd{dv#sdud#

FROXQD#�#DOH[DQGUH#ROLYD

�57

Sru#Doh{dqguh#Rolyd


FFhhuuwwlliillffddggrr##GGlljjllwwddoo

ll oo nnhhuu ##00 ##vv{{ff11 kk

xx


http://www.gnu.org/distros

�58

sdjdu# r# surfhvvr# gh# vhohÇÃr# gh# fdqglgdwrv/#pdv#gÁ#sud#id}hu#%phokru%1# #Txh#wdo#r#fdqglgdwr#sdjdu# shor# suÓsulr# wuhlqdphqwr# h# shor# surfhvvr#gh# dydoldÇÃr# vreuh# vxdv# kdelolgdghv# sdud# d# yd0jd# suhwhqglgd# h# dlqgd# ilfdu# ihol}# frp# lvvrB#%PÃrv# À# reud$%/# yleud# r# hpsuhjdgru/# dsrqwdqgr#r#sursrqhqwh#gd# lghld#h#hujxhqgr#r#srohjdu#hp#vlqdo#gh#dsurydÇÃr1

Pdv# vhuÁ# wÃr# erp# dvvlpB# # Frqvlghuh# d#txhvwÃr=# gdgrv# grlv# surilvvlrqdlv# frp# dv# phv0pdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/# srgh0vh# frqfoxlu# txh# rv# grlv#whuÃr#ghvhpshqkr#ljxdo#qdv#phvpdv#wduhidv#wÉf0qlfdv# uhodflrqdgdv# dr# whpd# gd# fhuwlilfdÇÃrB# # ©#Óeylr# txh# qÃr/# kÁ# glihuhqÇdv# lqglylgxdlv# gh# gh0vhpshqkr/# lqwhuhvvh/#ioh{lelolgdgh/#kdelolgdgh#gh#frpxqlfdÇÃr#h#rxwudv#wdqwdv#txh#qhp#gÁ#sud#olv0wdu# dtxl1# # Hvvdv# wdqwdv/# r# surfhvvr# gh# vhohÇÃr#frqwlqxduÁ# whqgr# gh# dydoldu# sdud# vhsdudu# r# mrlr#gd#mrld1

DoÉp# glvvr/# dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/# sru# txhvwÃr#gh#phufdgr/#whqghp#d#vhu#dr#phvpr#whpsr#dp0sodv#h#hqjhvvdgdv1##D#exvfd#sru#xp#surilvvlrqdo#frp#ghwhuplqdgd#kdelolgdgh#hvshfÍilfd#ududphq0wh# hqfrqwuduÁ# qxpd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# xpd# frehuwxud#shuihlwd1##Xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#pdlv#hvshfÍilfd#olplwd0uÁ#r#qÚphur#gh#fdqglgdgrv#glvsrqÍyhlv/#h{foxlq0gr# surilvvlrqdlv# fdsdflwdgrv/# pdv# txh# qÃr#whqkdp#vh#vxephwlgr#dr#surfhvvr#gh#dydoldÇÃr1#Gh#rxwur# odgr/#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#pdlv#dpsod#txh#fxeud# hvvd# kdelolgdgh# hvshfÍilfd/# hqwuh# rxwudv/#srgh#dsurydu#h#wruqdu#lqglvwlqjxÍyhlv#xp#fdqglgd0gr#shuihlwr#h#xp#txh#grplqh#rxwudv#kdelolgdghv/#pdv#txh#vhmd#sÉvvlpr#qd#suhwhqglgd1

©#dÍ#txh#hqwud#d#eulqfdghlud#gr#wÍwxor=#dv#fhu0wlilfdÇÕhv#hp#jhudo# wÊp#uhvxowdgr#elqÁulr/#r#gljl0wdo#pÍqlpr1##Sdud#phokru#vhuylu#drv#surilvvlrqdlv#gh# uhfxuvrv# kxpdqrv/# vhuld# pdlv# frqyhqlhqwh#txh#dwulexÍvvhp#uhvxowdgrv#pdlv#dqdoÓjlfrv#d#fd0gd#kdelolgdgh#dydoldgd1#Pdv#dÍ/#vhuÁ#txh#rv#fdq0glgdgrv# d# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/# txh# mÁ# okhv# gÃr# xpd#pÃr#dufdqgr#frp#hvvh#fxvwr#h{whuqdol}dgr/#sd0jduldp#rv#rokrv#gd#fdud#shod#fkdqfh#gh#vdlu#ph0okru# qd# irwr# +gljlwdoB,/# frp# r# ulvfr# whu# vxdv#iudtxh}dv#dsrqwdgdv#+frp#r#lqglfdgruB,#d#srwhq0

fldlv# frqwudwdqwhvB# # Rx# shufhehuldp# txh# hvvd#whufhlul}dÇÃr#h#h{whuqdol}dÇÃr#gh#uhfxuvrv#kxpd0qrv# É# xpd# irupd# gh# okhv# hqildu# r# ghgr# qrv#rokrv#h#d#pÃr#qr#erovr/#h#gduldp#xp#edvwd#sd0ud/#gljdprv/#dqxodu#hvvh#surfhvvrB##QÃr#vh#id}#qhfhvvÁulr# pdlv# txh# xp# srohjdu# sdud# edl{r111#rx#xp#ghgr#pÉglr#hp#ulvwh#=0,

Phx#frqvhokrB##Srqkd#rv#rokrv#qd#whod/#rv#ghgrv#qr# whfodgr#h#dv#pÃrv#qd#pdvvd#frp#xp#surmhwr#gh#Vriwzduh#Olyuh$##DsduhÇd#ehp#qd#irwr#gr#surmhwr/#ghl{h#wudqvsduhfhu#r#vhx#wudedokr#sd0ud# wrgr#pxqgr# yhu# vhx# fxuuÍfxor#pdlv# ydolrvr# h#vhuÁ# xp# fdqglgdwr# gh#pÃr# fkhld1# # ©# fhuwr# txh#wdpeÉp# ydl# lqyhvwlu# uhfxuvrv# suÓsulrv# dvvlp/#pdv#doÉp#gh#hqultxhfhu#r#fxuuÍfxor#frp#h{shul0Êqfld# sxeolfdphqwh# yhulilfÁyho/# frqwulexluÁ# sdud#d# kxpdqlgdgh1# # Hx# qÃr# fhuwlilfr# txh# ixqflrqd/#srlv# qÃr# dfuhglwr# qhvvdv# frlvdv/# pdv# frpljr#ixqflrqrx/# phvpr# vhp# txhuhu/# hqwÃr# srqkr# d#pÃr#fkhld#gh#ghgrv#qr# irjr#h# %djduÂqwlr%/#srlv#�od# jdudqwÍd# vr|# |r$# # Txhp# txlvhu# whqwdu# ljxdo/#sÕh#r#ghgr#dtxl$

00000000

Frs|uljkw#5344#Doh{dqguh#Rolyd

Hvwd#reud#hvwÁ#olfhqfldgd#vre#d#OlfhqÇd#Fuhdwlyh#Frpprqv#FF#

E\0VD#+Dwwulexwlrq#VkduhDolnh/#rx#DwulexlÇÃr#h#Frpsduwlokdphqwr#

shod#phvpd#olfhqÇd,#613#Xqsruwhg1##Sdud#yhu#xpd#fÓsld#ghvvd#ol0

fhqÇd/#ylvlwh#kwws=22fuhdwlyhfrpprqv1ruj2olfhqvhv2e|0vd26132#rx#

hqylh#xpd#fduwd#dr#Fuhdwlyh#Frpprqv/#777#Fdvwur#Vwuhhw/#Vxlwh#

<33/#Prxqwdlq#Ylhz/#Fdoliruqld/#<7374/#XVD1

FÓsld#olwhudo/#glvwulexlÇÃr#h#sxeolfdÇÃr#gd#Íqwhjud#ghvwh#duwljr#

vÃr#shuplwlgdv#hp#txdotxhu#phlr/#hp#wrgr#r#pxqgr/#ghvgh#txh#

vhmdp#suhvhuydgdv#d#qrwd#gh#frs|uljkw/#d#XUO#rilfldo#gr#grfx0

phqwr#h#hvwd#qrwd#gh#shuplvvÃr1

kwws=22zzz1iviod1ruj2vyqzlnl2eorjv2o{r2sxe2fhuwlilfdgr0gljlwdo

DOH[DQGUH#ROLYD##É#frqvhokhlur#gd#IxqgdÇÃr#Vriwzduh#Olyuh#DpÉulfd#Odwlqd/#pdqwhqhgru#gr#Olqx{0oleuh/#hydqjhol}dgru#gr#Prylphqwr#Vriwzduh#Olyuh#h#hqjhqkhlur#gh#frpslodgruhv#qd#Uhg#Kdw#Eudvlo1#Judgxdgr#qd#Xqlfdps#hp#Hqjhqkduld#gh#FrpsxwdÇÃr#h#Phvwudgr#hp#FlÊqfldv#gd#FrpsxwdÇÃr1

FROXQD#�#DOH[DQGUH#ROLYD


http://www.fsfla.org/svnwiki/blogs/lxo/pub/certificado-digital


D# lghld# gh# id}hu# xp# srgfdvw# É# dojr# txh#yhp#ph#fxwxfdqgr#kÁ#pxlwr#whpsr1#Sdud#idodu#d#yhugdgh/#hx#vrx#xp#vreuhylyhqwh#gh#5#whqwdwlydv#pdlv# rx# phqrv# iudfdvvdgdv# txh/# lqihol}phqwh/#pruuhudp# suhpdwxudphqwh# ghylgr# À# idowd# gh#frpsurplvvr# gh# whufhlurv# h# gd# plqkd#lqdelolgdgh# gh# vdehu# frpr# judydu# h# hglwdu#dutxlyrv#gh#Áxglr#xvdqgr#r#Olqx{1#

Pdlv# rx#phqrv# ;#phvhv# dwuÁv/# r# ghvhmr# gh#id}hu# xp# srgfdvw# ph# shjrx# frp# iruÇd# wrwdo/# h#judÇdv# dr# dsrlr# gr# dpljr# Hydqgur# Sdvwru/#qdvfhx#r#FdvwÁolr#Srgfdvw$#Dr#lqyÉv#gh#ph#mxqwdu#frp# xqv# dpljrv# h# glvfxwlu# vreuh# whfqrorjld# h#dvvxqwrv# gr# gld# d# gld/# hx# txhuld# id}hu# dojr# xp#srxfr#pdlv#glihuhqwh#h#hylwdu#dtxhod# urwlqd# wÍslfd/#h# id}hu# xp# surjudpd# qr# hvwlor# hqwuhylvwdv/# ljxdo#drv# %wdon# vkrzv%# txh# sdvvdp# wdugh# gd# qrlwh# qd#whohylvÃr1#R#sodqr#hud#gh/#d#fdgd#gxdv#vhpdqdv/#frqylgdu# dojxÉp# gd# frpxqlgdgh# eudvlohlud# gr#pxqgr# gr# vriwzduh# olyuh# h# edwhu# xp# sdsr# ehp#ghvfrqwudÍgr# vreuh# vxd# lqiÂqfld/# klvwÓuld/# h# txdlv#surjudpdv# gh# whohylvÃr/# ilophv/# olyurv# h# pÚvlfdv#

Sru#Rj#Pdflho

FFRROOXXQQDD##��##RRJJ##PPDDFFLLHHOO


FFuullddqqggrr##xxpp##ssrrggffddvvww##eerrpp##ssuudd##FFddvvwwÁÁoollrr

Irqwh

=#J

rrjoh

�59


txh#pdufdudp#h#irupdudp#d#shvvrd#txh#hohv#vÃr#krmh1# Frpr# phx# dpljr# Nxuw# xp# gld# ph# idorx/#vhuld# %r# htxlydohqwh# d# deulu# d# sdvwd# gh# PS6# gd#shvvrd#h#yhu#h{dwdphqwh#frpr#txh#hod#É%$#=,#

Orjr# ghsrlv# gh# judyduprv# qrvvr# vhjxqgr#rx#whufhlur#hslvÓglr/#r#Hydqgur/#txh#dwxdyd#frpr#%phvwuh# gh# fhulpÔqldv%# h# judydyd# h# hglwdyd# rv#hslvÓglrv# hp# vhx# Pdf/# whyh# xpd# fulvh# vÉuld# gh#whqglqlwh#txh#r#qrfdwhrx#sru#yÁulrv#gldv$#Txdqgr#hx# ilqdophqwh# frqvhjxl# idodu# frp# hoh/# ghvfreul#txh#r#sureohpd#hud#ehp#pdlv#vÉulr#h#txh#hoh#qÃr#ld#pdlv#srghu# wudedokdu#qr#surmhwr1#Pdlv#xpd#yh}#ph# yl# gldqwh# dr# yhokr# glohpd# gh# qÃr# whu# frpr#frqwlqxdu# xp# srgfdvw111# pdv# ghvwd# yh}# fkxwhl# r#sdx# gd# eduudfd# h# uhvroyl# hqfdudu# r# surmhwr#vr}lqkr# phvpr$# Hx# hvwdyd# frpsohwdphqwh#lqyhvwlgr# qr# srgfdvw# h# ghflgl# dsuhqghu# qd#pduud#frpr# judydu# h# hglwdu# dv# hqwuhylvwdv1# Irudp#dojxpdv# krudv# gh# dsuhqgl}dgr# +Àv# yh}hv#iuxvwudqwhv,#gldqwh#dr#dxgdflw|/#pdv#drv#wudqfrv#h#eduudqfrv#ixl#shjdqgr#d#pdqkd$#

Qhvwhv# Úowlprv# ;# phvhv# hqwÃr# hvwlyh#hqwuhylvwdqgr/# hglwdqgr/# sxeolfdqgr/# +h# pdlv# xp#prqwh#gh#%0dqgr%,#h#pdqwhqgr#r#srgfdvw#gxudqwh#phxv# shuÍrgrv# gh# whpsr# olyuh/# h# ph# glyhuwlqgr#sÁfdv$# DwÉ# djrud/# wrgrv# rv# phxv# frqylgdgrv#irudp# eudvlohlurv# h# r# surjudpd# hp# vl# É# ehp#yrowdgr#À#frpxqlgdgh#eudvlohlud#h#klvsÂqlfd/#pdv#xp#hslvÓglr# hp# lqjoÊv# mÁ# hvwÁ# qr#pdsd#sdud# xp#ixwxur#ehp#suÓ{lpr1#Qrv#Úowlprv#48#hslvÓglrv#txh#judyhl# wlyh#d#fkdqfh#gh#frqyhuvdu#frp#xp#prqwh#gh#jhqwh# vxshu# lqwhuhvvdqwh/# hqjudÇdgdv#h# vxshu#edfdqdv/# frpr# r# Ljru# Vrduhv# +Ihgrud#Hpedvvdgru,/# Oxfdv# Urfkd# +JQRPH# h# Pr}lood,/#Mrkdq#Gdkolq# +Vwrt,/#Glhjr#]dfduÃr# +Wudqvlih{,#h#pxlwrv# rxwurv# txh# frpsduwlokdudp# xp# prqwh# gh#frlvdv# vreuh# vxdv# ylgdv1# Hx# dsuhqgl# pxlwr# frp#hohv# h# ixl# lqvsludgr# frp# vxdv# klvwÓuldv# gh#vxfhvvr/#iudfdvvr/#lqrydÇÕhv#h#dyhqwxudv$#

Sru# h{hpsor/# yrfÊ# vdeld# txh# r# Mrkdq#Gdkolq# É# vxhfr/# pdv# prud# qr# Eudvlo# kÁ# pxlwr#whpsr# h# idod# sruwxjxÊv# shuihlwdphqwh# h# txh# r#Oxfdv#Urfkd#id}ld#sduwh#gh#xpd#edqgd#fryhu#txh#fdqwdyd# pÚvlfdv# gr# Jxqv# Q*# Urvhv/# Phwdoolfd/#

Lurq# Pdlghq# h# Qluydqd# drv# 46# dqrv# gh# lgdghB#Gxudqwh# yÁuldv# krudv# txh# sdvvhl# frqyhuvdqgr#frp# phxv# frqylgdgrv# dsuhqgl# vreuh# r# txh# hohv#jrvwdydp# h# qÃr# jrvwdydp/# txdo# pÚvlfd/# olyur/#iloph# pdufrx# vxd# ylgd/# h# gh# xpd# irupd# ehp#lqgluhwd/# iltxhl# frqkhfhqgr# pdlv# vreuh# d# shvvrd#sru#wuÁv#gr#qlfn#gh#LUF#qlfn2hqghuhÇr#gh#h0pdlo$#

Hvwrx# pxlwr# ihol}# sru# whu# ghflglgr# frqwlqxdu#frp# surmhwr# h# qÃr# ghvlvwlu# orjr# qr# frphÇr1# R#Hydqgur# mÁ# hvwÁ# ilfdqgr# phokru# h# srgh# vhu# txh#hoh# dsduhÇd# hp# euhyh# sdud# sduwlflsdu# gh# xp#hslvÓglr#xp#gld#ghvvhv1#Rv#5#suÓ{lprv#hslvÓglrv#mÁ#irudp#judydgrv#h#whqkr#fhuwh}d#txh#yrfÊv#yÃr#fxuwlu# pxlwr# rv# whpdv# derugdgrv111# h# whqkr#dojxpdv# shvvrdv# djhqgdgdv# sdud# rv# suÓ{lprv#hslvÓglrv# frp# xqv# whpdv# pxlwr# lqwhuhvvdqwhv/#lqfoxlqgr#vreuh#Dugxlqr#h#hvfuhyhu#olyurv$#Vh#yrfÊ#vdeh# gh# dojxÉp# txh# yrfÊ# jrvwduld# gh# ylu#sduwlflsdu# gr# srgfdvw/# ph# hqylh# xp# h0pdlo# rx#ghl{h#xp#frphqwÁulr#qr#FdvwÁolr#Srgfdvw#txh#hx#whqwr#djhqgdu#dojr1#

H#txh#yhqkdp#rv#suÓ{lprv#;#phvhv$

FdvwÁolr#Srgfdvw=##kwws=22zzz1fdvwdolr1lqir2

Ljru#Vrduhv#+Ihgrud#Hpedvvdgru,=##kwws=22ljruvrduhv1frp2

Oxfdv#Urfkd#+JQRPH#h#Pr}lod,=##kwws=22oxfdvu1ruj2eorj2

Mrkdq#Gdkolq#+Vwrt,=##kwws=22eorjv1jqrph1ruj2mrkdq2

Glhjr#]dfduÃr##+Wudqvlih{,=##kwws=22glhjre}1qhw2

Sdud#pdlv#lqirupdÇÕhv=

FROXQD#�#RJ#PDFLHO

RJ#PDFLHO#É#h{0phpeur#gd#phvd#gluhwrud#gr#JQRPH#Irxqgdwlrq#h#Frppxqlw|#Pdqdjhu#gd#glvwulexlÇÃr#Iruhvljkw#Olqx{1#Ylyh#kÁ#53#dqrv#qrv#Hvwdgrv#Xqlgrv#h#txdqgr#qÃr#hvwÁ#lqlfldqgr#qryrv#surmhwrv/#jrvwd#gh#shvfdu/#ohu/#h#dfrpsdqkdu#frp#lphqvd#dsuhfldÇÃr#r#fuhvflphqwr#gh#vxdv#gxdv#ilokdv1#kwws=22zzz1rjpdflho1frp1


Rev1=# Hvwd#pdwÉuld# irl# gldjudpdgd# sru# Mhugghvrq# Qreuh#

Edwlvwd/# gxudqwh# r# plql0fxuvr# vreuh# SurgxÇÃr# Hglwruldo#

xwlol}dqgr# Vriwzduh# Olyuh/# plqlvwudgr# sru# MrÃr# Ihuqdqgr#

Frvwd#MÚqlru/#qr#IDVRO#5344/#hp#VdqwduÉp2SD1

�5:

www.ogmaciel.com


http://www.castalio.info/

http://igorsoares.com/

http://lucasr.org/blog

http://blogs.gnome.org/johan/

http://diegobz.net/

Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh=# Txdo# d# vxd#irupdÇÃr#hp#VhjxudqÇd#gd#LqirupdÇÃrB

Zlooldp# Whoohv=# Vrx# Hqjhqkhlur# gd#FrpsxwdÇÃr/# srvvxr# PED# hp# JhvwÃr#Hpsuhvduldo/# h# vrx# shvtxlvdgru# qd# Áuhd# gh# VL#kÁ#pdlv#gh#;#dqrv/#hvwdqgr#suhvhqwh#hp#dojxqv#

grv#sulqflsdlv#hyhqwrv#gr# wlsr#qr#sdÍv/# doÉp#gh#id}hu# sduwh# dwlydphqwh# gh# dojxqv# iÓuxqv#lqwhuqdflrqdlv# gh# glvfxvvÃr# gr# dvvxqwr1# Xp#juxsr# txh# jrvwduld# gh# sduwlflsdu# frp# pdlv#dilqfr# h# r# JW48# FE542FH5:# gd# DEQW1# Shqvr#txh# srghuld# frqwulexlu# pdlv# qhvwd# Áuhd/# pdv#wxgr#whp#r#prphqwr#fhuwr1

Sru#MdqdÍqd#Gdughqjr#

�5;

FDSD#�#HQWUHYLVWD#FRP#ZLOOLDP#WHOOHV

Hqwuhylvwd#frp#Zlooldp#Whoohv



�5<

UHO=#Frpr# vxujlx# d# lghld# gh# fuldu# xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr# qdflrqdo# hp# frpsxwdÇÃr#iruhqvh/# vdehqgr# txh# h{lvwhp# rxwudv#lqwhuqdflrqdlv# frp# judqgh# ylvlelolgdgh# h#h{suhvvÃrB

ZW=# Hvvd# É# iÁflo# gh# uhvsrqghu1# Txdqwdv#shvvrdv# yrfÊ# frqkhfh# txh# srghp# glvsru# gh#flqfr#plo#uhdlv#sdud#lqyhvwluhp#hp#xp#surjudpd#gh# fdsdflwdÇÃrB# Srlv# hvwh# vhpsuh# irl# phx#remhwlyr# d# vhu# dofdqÇdgr1# Srghu# rihuhfhu# xp#fxuvr#gh#irupdÇÃr#gh#txdolgdgh/#txh#shuplwlvvh#dr# doxqr# srghu# dwxdu# qr# phufdgr# gh# wudedokr#frp#r#ghylgr#uhfrqkhflphqwr#gh#fdsdflwdÇÃr/#h#sdjdqgr# sru# lvvr# r# phqru# fxvwr# srvvÍyho1# Irl#ghvwd# edvh# txh# vxujlx# d# qrvvd# hpsuhvd1# Vhp#frqwdu#r# idwr#txh#srghprv#gl}hu#txh#vrprv#rv#slrqhlurv# qhvwh# wlsr# gh# irupdÇÃr/# srlv# dshvdu#gh# h{lvwluhp# erqv# fxuvrv# qr# Eudvlo# vreuh# r#whpd/# irprv# rv# sulphlurv# d# ghvhqyroyhuprv# h#pdqwhuprv# xp# surjudpd# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr/# txh#sdvvrx# hp# 5344# d# vhu# uhfrqkhflgr#lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh#shod#DFIH1

UHO=#R#txh#É#d#DFIHB

ZW=# Dvvrfldwlrq# ri# Fhuwlilhg# Iudxg#H{dplqhuv/# rx#DvvrfldÇÃr#gh#H{dplqdgruhv#gh#Iudxghv#Fhuwlilfdgrv1#Hvwd#dvvrfldÇÃr#frqjuhjd#glyhuvrv# lqyhvwljdgruhv#gh#iudxghv/#hp#glyhuvdv#Áuhdv# gh# frqkhflphqwr/# h# d# ghvljqdÇÃr# FGIL#+Fhuwlilhg# ri#Gljlwdo# Iruhqvlf# Lqyhvwljdwru,# fuldgd#sru#qÓv/#djrud#id}#sduwh#ghvwh#fdvwlqj1

UHO=# R# fxuvr# FGIL/# txh# É# r# gh#irupdÇÃr# gh# shulwrv/# É# rihuhflgr# dwxdophqwh#rqghB

ZW=#Hp#wrgdv#dv#flgdghv#gr#Eudvlo#hp#txh#frqvhjxlprv# dojxp# dfrugr# gh# sdufhuld# frp#xpd# xqlyhuvlgdgh# orfdo# sdud# d# plqlvwudÇÃr# gdv#dxodv1# MÁ# frqvhjxlprv# id}hu# lvwr# hp# dojxqv#hvwdgrv# gr# SdÍv/# pdv# suhwhqghprv# ohydu# hvwh#prghor# gh# qhjÓflr# sdud# r# uhvwdqwh# gr# SdÍv#sulphlur#dqwhv#gh#h{soruduprv#d#DpÉulfd#Odwlqd/#xpd# yh}# txh# mÁ# h{lvwh# frqylwh# sdud# ohyduprv# r#qrvvr#wuhlqdphqwr#sdud#Dujhqwlqd#h#Fkloh1

UHO=# Frpr# r# vhqkru# yÊ# hvwh#fuhvflphqwr# gh# exvfd# shor# dvvxqwr# sru#wdqwdv#shvvrdvB

ZW=#FrpsxwdÇÃr#Iruhqvh#É#d#lqyhvwljdÇÃr#gljlwdo# hqyroyhqgr# shfxoldulgdghv# gh#ixqgdphqwr# mxuÍglfr1# QÃr# edvwd# vhu# xp#h{fhohqwh# surilvvlrqdo# gh# Whfqrorjld# gd#LqirupdÇÃr# rx# gh# Gluhlwr1# ©# suhflvr# doldu# hvwdv#

Iljxud#5=#QLG#Iruhqvlfv#Dfdghp|

Iljxud#4=#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#FGIL




�63

gxdv# iruÇdv1# ©# h{dwdphqwh# lvwr# txh# whp#dfrqwhflgr=# surilvvlrqdlv# gh# Gluhlwr# exvfdqgr#dsurixqgdphqwr# qr# dvvxqwr/# h# surilvvlrqdlv# gh#WL# exvfdqgr# hqwhqghu# frpr# id}hu# ehp# ihlwr# r#txh# pxlwrv# mÁ# vdehp/# vhp# frpsurphwhu# rv#dvshfwrv#ohjdlv#hqyroylgrv1

UHO=# D# QLG# Iruhqvlfv# Dfdghp|# É# xpd#uhihuhqfld#qdflrqdo#krmh#sdud#pxlwrv1#D#txh#r#vhqkru#dwulexl#hvwh#idwrB

ZW=#Hx#srghuld#wh#uhvsrqghu#hvwd#shujxqwd#gh# glyhuvdv# irupdv1# Dohjdu# txh# É# iuxwr# gh# xp#wudedokr# suriÍfxr/# uhvxowdgr# gh# glyhuvdv#shvtxlvdv#dfdgÊplfdv/#rx#phvpr#vruwh1#Suhilur#wh# uhvsrqghu# frpr# dsuhqgl# frp# phxv# sdlv=#Ghxv1# ©# hoh# txhp# qrv# gÁ# d# lqwholjÊqfld# h# r#glvfhuqlphqwr# gr# fhuwr# h# gr# huudgr/# gr# ehp# h#

gr# pdo1# Dfuhglwr# sldphqwh# txh# r# uxpr# txh# d#QLG#Iruhqvlfv#Dfdghp|#hvwÁ#wrpdqgr#É#gluljlgr#sru# Ghxv/# h# hx# hvwrx# qr# WlpÃr# hqtxdqwr# hoh#shuplwlu111uvuv

UHO=# R# txh# r# vhqkru# shqvd# vreuh# rv#surjudpdv#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#qdflrqdlv#txh#wÊp#vxujlgrB

ZW=# IdqwÁvwlfr1# R# Eudvlo# hvwÁ# uhsohwr# gh#krphqv#gh#erqv#frvwxphv/#h# lqyhvwljdgruhv#gr#frqkhflphqwr1# HvwÁ# pdlv# txh# qd# krud# gh#prvwudu# txh# wdpeÉp# vrprv# fdsd}hv# gh# fuldu#lqvwuxphqwrv# gh# fdsdflwdÇÃr# h# dydoldÇÃr#surilvvlrqdo# txh# vluydp# gh# uhihuÊqfld# sdud# r#uhvwdqwh#gr#pxqgr1

UHO=# Jrvwduld# gh# ghl{du# dojxpd#phqvdjhp#sdud#rv#qrvvrv#ohlwruhvB

ZW=#Vlp1#Sru#pxlwdv#yh}hv#hx# whqwhl#dwxdu#qr# phufdgr# gh# wudedokr# hp# Áuhd# txh# hx#shqvdyd# whu# dilqlgdghv1# Wudedokhl# dwÉ# frp#frpÉuflr# lqwhuqdflrqdo/# dwÉ# shufhehu# txh# r# vhu#kxpdqr# srgh# id}hu# r# txh# txlvhu# gh# vxd# ylgd#surilvvlrqdo# h# vhu# dwÉ# ehp# vxfhglgr# fdvr# vh#ghgltxh#d#dsuhqghu# wxgr#r#txh#suhflvd#gd#Áuhd#hvfroklgd1# Frqwxgr/# qdgd# vxevwlwxl# r# sud}hu# gh#dwxdu# qd# Áuhd# hp# txh# vh# jrvwd/# h# hx# jrvwr# gh#vhjxudqÇd# gd# lqirupdÇÃr/# jrvwr# gh# lqwholjÊqfld#frusrudwlyd/# hqilp/# idÇr# r# txh# jrvwr1# Phx#frqvhokr# sdud# rv# ohlwruhv# ghvwd# hglÇÃr# É# txh# vh#exvfdp#r# uhfrqkhflphqwr# surilvvlrqdo/# frphfhp#jrvwdqgr#gr#txh# id}hp1#Hvwh#É#r#sulphlur#sdvvr#sdud# vh# wruqdu# uhihuÊqfld# qr# phufdgr1# VdÚgh# h#vxfhvvr#À#wrgrv1#Dvvlp#Vhmd1





Qrv# Úowlprv# dqrv# dv# ydjdv# sdud# surilvvlr0qdlv# qd# Áuhd# gh# whfqrorjld# gd# lqirupdÇÃr# whp#fuhvflgr# h{srqhqfldophqwh/# hqwuhwdqwr# r# qÚph0ur# gh# surilvvlrqdlv# txdolilfdgrv# qÃr# dfrpsdqkd#r#phvpr#ulwpr1#

Qhvvh#duwljr# luhl# h{solfdu# r# txh#É# r# OSL/# d#sulqflsdo# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# gh# whfqrorjld# qr# xqlyhuvr#gr#Slqjxlp/#h#lqglfdu#rxwudv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#glvsrqÍ0yhlv#sdud#rv#surilvvlrqdlv#gh#WL#h#whqwdu#h{solfdu#txdlv#rv#ehqhiÍflrv#gh#vhu#xp#surilvvlrqdo#fhuwlil0fdgr1#

R#txh#É#r#OSLB#

R#OSL#0#Olqx{#Surihvvlrqdo#Lqvwlwxwh#0#É#xpd#rujdql}dÇÃr#vhp#ilqv#oxfudwlyrv/#frp#vhgh#qd#Fd0oliÓuqld/#fuldgd#qr#dqr#gh#4<<<#shod#frpxqlgdgh#Olqx{#sdud#r# #ghvhqyroylphqwr#gh#xp#surjudpd#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#hp#vlvwhpdv#JQX2Olqx{1#D#OSL#É#uhfrqkhflgd# pxqgldophqwh# sru# glyhuvdv# hpsuh0vdv#h#surilvvlrqdlv#gd#Áuhd#gh#Whfqrorjld#gd#Lq0irupdÇÃr1#

R#OSL#É#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#Qhxwud/#srlv#vxdv#surydv# vÃr# edvhdgdv# hp# xp# frqmxqwr# gh# qru0pdv# frpsdwÍyhlv# frp# dv# glyhuvdv# glvwulexlÇÕhv#h{lvwhqwhv# h# vxdv# yhuvÕhv/# r# txh# wruqd# r# OSL#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#lqghshqghqwh1#

R# OSL# É# phpeur# ixqgdgru# gr# Ghvnwrs# Ol0qx{#Frqvruwlxp#h#É#frqkhflgr#hp#wrgr#r#pxqgr#frpr# d# sulphlud# rujdql}dÇÃr# d# lpsxovlrqdu# h#dsrldu# r# xvr# gr# Olqx{# gh# irupd# surilvvlrqdo/# r#xvr#gh#FÓgljr#dehuwr#h#gr#Vriwzduh#Olyuh1#

Sru#txh#rewhu#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃrB

Frp#d#ghpdqgd#fuhvfhqwh#gh#surilvvlrqdlv#Olqx{# shodv# hpsuhvdv/# whu# xpd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# Ol0qx{/#lqghshqghqwh#gh#txdo#vhmd/#srgh#vhu#r#judq0gh#glihuhqfldo#qd#krud#gd#frqwudwdÇÃr1#

Dv#hpsuhvdv#whp#gdgr#suhihuÊqfld#sru#sur0ilvvlrqdlv# txdolilfdgrv# h# dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# vÃr#xpd#Ówlpd#irupd#gh#prvwudu#d#vxd#frpshwÊqfld#qd# krud# gh# whqwdu# dtxhod# ydjd# gh# hpsuhjr# wÃr#vrqkdgd1#

Sru#Qlfkrodv#Olpd

�64

FDSD#�#FHUWLILFD§£R=#YRFª#M¡#HVFROKHX#D#VXDB


FhuwlilfdÇÃr=#yrfÊ#mÁ#hvfrokhx#d#vxdB

Irqwh

=#J

RR

JOH


�65

Dv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#srghp#jdudqwlu#dtxhoh#dx0phqwr# rx# surprÇÃr# ghvhmdgd/# deulu# rsruwxqlgd0ghv# gh# wudedokr/# rihuhfhu# jdudqwldv# sdud# vhxv#folhqwhv#rx#phvpr#sdud#dsurixqgdu#vhxv#frqkhfl0phqwrv1#

FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#vÃr#lpsruwdqwhv/#pdv#qÃr#vlj0qlilfd#txh#qÃr#vhmd#qhfhvvÁulr#id}hu#xpd#idfxogd0gh# rx# fxuvr# wÉfqlfr1#Vh# yrfÊ# sodqhmd# vhjxlu# qd#fduuhlud# gh# WL/# idÇd# xp# lqyhvwlphqwr# hp# yrfÊ#phvpr# h# ohpeuh0vh# txh# dshqdv# dv# fhuwlilfd0ÇÕhv/#qÃr#jdudqwhp#d#wÃr#vrqkdgd#ydjd#gh#hp0suhjr#rx#vxd#surprÇÃr1

Vh# lqwhuhvvrxB#Txhu#rewhu#vxd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSLB#

D#OSL#É#frpsrvwdv#sru#wuÊv#qÍyhlv#gh#fhuwlil0fdÇÃr/# frqilud#dedl{r#xp#srxfr#vreuh#fdgd#xp#ghohv=#

D#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSLF04#É#yrowdgd#sdud#fhuwlil0fdÇÃr#gh#Dgplqlvwudgru# mÚqlru#h#sdud#vxd#rewhq0ÇÃr/#r#fdqglgdwr#ghyh#vhu#dsurydgr#qdv#surydv#OSL#434#h#OSL#4351#

D#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSLF05#fdsdflwd#Dgplqlvwudgr0uhv#sohqr#É# irupdgd#shodv#surydv#OSL#534#h#OSL#535#h#sdud#jdudqwlu# vxd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr/# r# fdqglgdwr#suhflvd#vhu#dsurydgr#qdv#gxdv#surydv#h#whu#d#fhuwl0ilfdÇÃr#OSLF041#

R#Úowlpr#qÍyho#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSL/#r#OSLF06#É# gluhflrqdgr# sdud# irupdÇÃr# gh#Dgplqlvwudgruhv#vÊqlru#h#frqvwd#gh#6#surydv1#D#suryd#OSL#634#txdol0ilfd# r# surilvvlrqdo# frpr# %Fruh%1# MÁ# dv# surydv# gh#OSL#635#d#OSL#639#r#fhuwlilfdp#frpr#hvshfldolvwd1#

Sdud# rewhu# r# OSLF06/# r# fdqglgdwr# suhflvd#vhu#dsurydgr#qd#suryd#OSL#634#fdvr#ghvhmh#dsh0qdv#r#fhuwlilfdgr#qÍyho#6#h#qdv#surydv#OSL#635#h#OSL#639#vh#ghvhmdu#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#frpr#hvshfl0dolvwd1#

Rqgh#srvvr#id}hu#d#surydB

Dtxl# qr#Eudvlo# rv# lqwhuhvvdgr# hp#rewhu# # dv#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSL#srghp#uhdol}du#dv#surydv#hp#sd0sho#rx#d#suryd#hohwuÔqlfd1#

Dv#surydv#hp#sdsho#+SEW,#vÃr#dsolfdgdv#qr#phvpr#irupdwr#gdv#surydv#gh#yhvwlexoduhv#h#frq0fxuvrv# h# vÃr# frpxphqwh# uhdol}dgdv# hp#hyhqwrv#gh# whfqrorjld/#ghylgr#dr#judqgh#qÚphur#gh#shv0vrdv# lqwhuhvvdgdv# hp# rewhu# vxd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# rx#hp# flgdghv# rqgh# qÃr# h{lvwhp# fhqwurv# hvshfldol0}dgrv#qd#dsolfdÇÃr#gdv#surydv#hohwuÔqlfdv1#

Dv#surydv#gh#sdsho#dsolfdgdv#qr#Eudvlo#vÃr#jhudgdv# h# fruuljlgdv# shor# kwws=22zzz1osl1ruj1# Rv#uhvxowdgrv#gdv#surydv#ghprudp#gh#48#d#63#gldv#h#vÃr#hqyldgrv#sdud#r#h0pdlo#gr#fdqglgdwr1#

Dv# surydv# hohwuÔqlfdv# +FEW,# vÃr# uhdol}d0gdv# qrv# fhqwurv# gh# whvwhv# gr#Wkrpvrq#Surph0wulf#rx#YXH1#D#ydqwdjhp#gdv#surydv#hohwuÔqlfdv#É# txh# hvwdv# srghp# vhu# uhdol}dgdv# hp#txdotxhu#kruÁulr#h#orfdo#djhqgdgrv#shor#fdqglgdwr#h#r#uh0vxowdgr#gd#suryd#É#rewlgr#qr#prphqwr#hp#txh#d#phvpd#É#ilqdol}dgd1#

Rxwudv#FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#

DoÉp#gr#OSL#h{lvwhp#glyhuvdv#rxwudv#fhuwlil0fdÇÕhv#hp#glyhuvdv#Áuhdv/# yrowdgdv#sdud#ghwhu0plqdgdv#glvwulexlÇÕhv#rx#sdud#Áuhdv#hvshflilfdv/#frqilud# dedl{r# dojxpdv# gdv# sulqflsdlv# fhuwlilfd0ÇÕhv#glvsrqÍyhlv=#

0#Uhg#Kdw#Fhuwlilhg#Whfkqlfldq#+UKFW,=#Fhu0wlilfdÇÃr# uhfrphqgdgd# sdud# wÉfqlfrv# txh# frqil0jxudp# vlvwhpdv# edvhdgrv# hp# Uhg# Kdw# Olqx{/#suhsdudqgr0rv#wdpeÉp#sdud#wudedokduhp#hp#uh0gh1# Rv# wÉfqlfrv# vÃr# vxephwlgrv# d#phlr# gld# gh#h{dph#hp#oderudwÓulr1#

0#Uhg#Kdw#Fhuwlilhg#Hqjlqhhu#+UKFH,=#Fhuwl0ilfdÇÃr#sdud#dgplqlvwudgruhv#gh#vlvwhpdv#edvhd0grv# hp# Uhg# Kdw# Olqx{# hp# qÍyho# dydqÇdgr1# Rv#fdqglgdwrv#d#hvvd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#vÃr#vxephwlgrv#d#xp#gld#gh#h{dph#hp# oderudwÓulr/# fxmr#h{dph#É#frqvwlxlgr#sru#xp#whvwh#hvfulwr/#frqiljxudÇÃr#gh#vhuylgru# h# frqhfwlylgdgh# gh# uhghv# h# oderudwÓulr#gh#gldjqÓvwlfr#h#wurxeohvkrrwlqj1#

0#Uhg#Kdw#Fhuwlilhg#Dufklwhfw#+UKFD,=#Fhuwl0ilfdÇÃr#h{ljh#gr#fdqglgdwr#kdelolgdghv#gh#sodqh0mdu/# jhuhqfldu# h# ghvhqkdu# xpd# lqiudhvwuxwxud# gh#




�66

fÓgljr#dehuwr#hp#judqghv#h#frpsoh{rv#dpelhq0whv1#

0# Uhg# Kdw# Fhuwlilhg# Vhfxulw|# Vshfldolvw#+UKFVV,=# Rv# fdqglgdwrv# ghyhp# sdvvdu# hp# 6#h{dphv# txh# deudqjhp#d# xwlol}dÇÃr# gr#Uhg#Kdw#Lqwhusulvh# Olqx{/# VHOlqx{# h# Uhg# Kdw# Gluhfwru|#Vhuyhu1#

0#Fhuwlilfdgrv#gh#H{shuwlvh=#SuryÊ#xpd#vÉ0ulh#gh#hvshfldol}dÇÕhv#sdud#surilvvlrqdlv#fhuwlilfd0grv#UKFH1#

0# Uhg# Kdw# Fhuwlilhg# Gdwdfhqwhu# Vshfldolvw#+UKFGV,=# Hvwd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# whvwd# d# kdelolgdgh#surilvvlrqdlv# hp# lpsohqwdu# vroxÇÕhv# edvhdgdv#hp#Uhg#Kdw#Olqx{#hp#dpelhqwhv#gh#dowd#fulwlflgd0gh/#frpr#rv#gdwdfhqwhuv1#

0# Qryhoo# Fhuwlilhg# Olqx{# Dgplqlvwudwru#+FOD,=# Whvwd# d# kdelolgdgh# hp# dgplqlvwudÇÃr# gh#vhuylgruhv#edvhdgrv#hp#VXVH#Olqx{#Hqwhusulvh#Vhuyhu1#

0#Fhuwlilhg#Olqx{#Ghvnwrs#Dgplqlvwudwru#+FO0GD,=#Whvwd#d#kdelolgdgh#hp#lqvwdodu/#frqiljxudu#h#jhuhqfldu# ghvnwrsv# edvhdgrv# hp# VXVH# Olqx{#Hqwhusulvh#Ghvnwrs#hp#xpd#uhgh#frusrudwlyd1

Glfdv#gh#Olyurv

R# dpljr#Pdufhor# Urguljxhv/# xp# hqwxvldv0wd# Olqx{# h# frqwhuuÂqhr# dtxl# gr#FhduÁ/#ph# lqgl0frx# dojxqv# olyurv# gh# hvwxgr# lqwhuhvvdqwhv# sdud#rv#lqwhuhvvdgrv#hp#rewhu#vxdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#OSL/#frqiludp#dedl{r=

Olyur#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSL04=#Hvwh# olyur# rihuh0fh#frqglÇÕhv#sdud#yrfÊ#vh#suhsdudu#sdud#dv#sur0ydv# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# OSL/# d# pdlv# lpsruwdqwh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#surilvvlrqdo#hp#Olqx{/#qhxwud#h#frp0sohwdphqwh# lqghshqghqwh# gh# txdotxhu# glvwulexl0ÇÃr1#

Dxwru=#Oxfldqr#Dqwrqlr#Vltxhlud#SxeolfdÇÃr=#533<#HglÇÃr=#6#LVEQ=#<:;;8943574<5#

Wlsr=#Eurfkxud#SÁjlqdv=#585#Hglwrud=#Olqx{#Qhz#Phgld#VÉulh=#FrohÇÃr#Olqx{#Sur#

Olyur# Olqx{=# Ixqgdphqwrv/# SuÁwlfd# h#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSL#0#H{dph#44:0434=#Frp#hvwh#ol0yur/# rv# xvxÁulrv# txh# mÁ# frqkhfhp# r# eÁvlfr# gr#vlvwhpd# rshudflrqdo# Olqx{# whuÃr#pdlv# idflolgdgh#h#srghuÃr#wuhlqdu#rv#frpdqgrv#sdud#hvwxgdu#sd0ud# r# uhihulgr# h{dph#gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# qr# frqwh{wr#gd#dgplqlvwudÇÃr1#

Dxwru=#Dglovrq#Urguljxhv#Erqdq#SxeolfdÇÃr=#5343#HglÇÃr=#4#LVEQ=#<:;;8:93;7735#Wlsr=#Eurfkxud#SÁjlqdv=#893#Hglwrud=#Dowderrnv#

Olyur# Olqx{=# Ixqgdphqwrv/# SuÁwlfd# h#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSL#^ #H{dph#44:0435=#Frp#hvwh#ol0yur/# rv# xvxÁulrv# txh# mÁ# frqkhfhp# r# eÁvlfr# gr#vlvwhpd# rshudflrqdo# Olqx{# whuÃr#pdlv# idflolgdgh#h#srghuÃr#wuhlqdu#rv#frpdqgrv#sdud#hvwxgdu#sd0ud# r# uhihulgr# h{dph#gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# qr# frqwh{wr#gd#dgplqlvwudÇÃr1#

Dxwru=#Dglovrq#Urguljxhv#Erqdq#SxeolfdÇÃr=#5343#HglÇÃr=#4#LVEQ=#<:;;8:93;774<#Wlsr=Eurfkxud#SÁjlqdv=#933#Hglwrud=#Dowderrnv

Olyur# FhuwlilfdÇÃr# Olqx{# OSL# 0# QÍyho# 4=#Pdwhuldo#reuljdwÓulr#sdud#txhp#suhwhqgh#uhwludu#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr# OSL/# hvwd# reud# vhuyh# frpr# jxld# gh#hvwxgrv# sdud# dofdqÇdu# d# wÃr# vrqkdgd# fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr/# phvpr# rv# txh# qÃr# surfxudp# d# fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr/# yÃr# whu#hvwd#reud#frpr#Ówlpd# irqwh#sdud#r#dgplqlvwudÇÃr#gr#Olqx{1#

Dxwru=# Vwhyhq# Sulwfkdug/# Euxqr# Jrphv# Shvvd0




�67

qkd/# Qlfrodl# Odqjihogw/# Mhii# Ghdq/# Mdphv# Vwdq0jhu#SxeolfdÇÃr=#5<2362533:HglÇÃr=#5LVEQ=#<:;;8:93;46;;#Wlsr=#Eurfkxud#SÁjlqdv=#833#Hglwrud=#Dowderrnv#VÉulh=#Lq#d#Qxwvkhoo#

Olyur#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#Olqx{#OSL#0#QÍyho#5=#Hv0wh#olyur#r#dmxgduÁ#d#ghwhuplqdu#txdqgr#yrfÊ#hvwd0uÁ# surqwr# sdud# id}hu# rv# h{dphv/# txh# vÃr/#whfqlfdphqwh/# edvwdqwh# h{ljhqwhv# h# hoderudgrv#sdud#uhiohwlu#dv#kdelolgdghv#gh#txh#rv#dgplqlvwud0gruhv#suhflvdp#hp#dpelhqwhv#uhdlv#gh#wudedokr1#

Dxwru=# Vwhyhq# Sulwfkdug/# Euxqr# Jrphv# Shvvd0qkd#h#rxwurv#SxeolfdÇÃr=#372392533:#HglÇÃr=#5#LVEQ=#<:;;8:93;4758#Wlsr=#Eurfkxud#SÁjlqdv=#753#Hglwrud=#Dowderrnv#

Olyur#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#Olqx{#OSL#5=#Hvwh# olyur#É#lqglfdgr#d#wrgrv#txh#suhwhqghp#lqlfldu#rv#hvwx0grv#sdud#d#uhdol}dÇÃr#gd#suryd#OSLF#534#h#535/#doÉp#gh#vhu#gh#judqgh#xwlolgdgh#sdud#rv#xvxÁul0rv#txh#ghvhmdp#dsurixqgdu#rv#vhxv#frqkhflphq0wrv1#

Dxwru=#DqguÉ#Vwdwr#Ilokr#SxeolfdÇÃr=#5344#HglÇÃr=#4#LVEQ=#<:;;8:8355:4<#SÁjlqdv=#749#Hglwrud=#Ylvxdo#Errnv#

Olyur#Jxld#gh#Hvwxgrv#sdud#FhuwlilfdÇÃr#Xexqwx# 0#H{dph#OSL#4<<=#Hvwh# olyur#ydl# wh#dmx0gdu#d#suhsdudu0vh#sdud#r#H{dph#OSL#4<<1#Hvfulwr#sru#xp#grv#dxwruhv#pdlv#frqfhlwxdgrv#vh#wudwdq0gr#gh#Olqx{1#Dfrpsdqkd#dlqgd#FG#URP1#

Dxwru=#Plfkdho#Mdqj#SxeolfdÇÃr=#533<#LVEQ=#<:;;8:6<6;64<#Wlsr=#Eurfkxud#SÁjlqdv=#89;#Hglwrud=#FlÊqfld#Prghuqd#

Txhu#pdlv#lqirupdÇÕhvB#Dfhvvh#rv#hqghuh0Çrv#dedl{r#sdud#whu#pdlv#lqirupdÇÕhv#vreuh#fhu0wlilfdÇÕhv#gh#WL=

0#kwws=22fduuhludghwl1frp1eu

0#kwws=22zzz1olqx{xqlyhuvlw|1frp1eu

0#kwws=22zzz1osleudvlo1frp1eu

0#kwws=22zzz1osl1ruj#+hp#lqjoÊv,

0#kwws=22zzz1qryhoo1frp2wudlqlqj2fhuwlqir#+hp#lqjoÊv,

0#kwwsv=22zzz1uhgkdw1frp2fhuwlilfdwlrq#+hp#lqjoÊv,

0#kwws=22zzz1eu1uhgkdw1frp2wudlqlqj

0#kwws=22zzz1flvfr1frp2zhe2EU

Ylyd#r#Olqx{$


QLFKRODV#OLPD#É#Ghvhqyroyhgru#h#Ghvljqhu#Zhe#frp#irfr#qrv#FPV*v#Mrrpod#h#Zrugsuhvv/#FVV/#SKS/#MV1#Hqwxvldvwd#gr#Vriwzduh#Olyuh#h#Dpdqwh#gr#Xqlyhuvr#Olqx{/#Xexqwhlur/#fuldgru#gr#eorj#Frwlgldqr#Olqx{#h#froderudgru#gr#Vlwh#gd#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#h#É#Dsdl{rqdgr#sru#Vdpedv#grv#dqrv#63/#Ixvfdv#h#fduurv#dqwljrv1



http://carreiradeti.com.br

http://www.linuxuniversity.com.br

http://www.lpibrasil.com.br

http://www.lpi.org

http://www.novell.com/training/certinfo

https://www.redhat.com/certification

http://www.br.redhat.com/training

http://www.cisco.com/web/BR

http://pgbr.postgresql.org.br/

Txdotxhu# xp# txh# sduwlflsd# rx# dfrpsdqkd#surfhvvrv# vhohwlyrv# qd#Áuhd#gh# whfqrorjld# ghyh#vdehu# txh/#pdlv# txh# xp# fxuvr# vxshulru# rx# sÓv#judgxdÇÕhv/# dv# hpsuhvdv# exvfdp# surilvvlrqdlv#txh# vhmdp# hihwlydphqwh# txdolilfdgrv# sdud#h{hufhu#r#fdujr#txh#É#rihuhflgr1#

D# frpshwlwlylgdgh# hqwuh# dv# hpsuhvdv# id}#frp# txh# dgrwhp# fdgd# yh}# pdlv# vlvwhpdv#frpsoh{rv# txh# qhfhvvlwdp# gh# shvvrdv#dowdphqwh# txdolilfdgdv# sdud# txh# ixqflrqhp#fruuhwdphqwh# h# vluydp# frpr# xpd# irupd# gd#hpsuhvd# vh# surmhwdu# hp# uhodÇÃr# drv# vhxv#frqfruuhqwhv1

Dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# vhuyhp# hqwÃr/# sdud# dv#hpsuhvdv/# frpr# xpd# ihuudphqwd# fdsd}# gh#dx{loldu# lphqvdphqwh# qd# vhohÇÃr# gh#surilvvlrqdlv1# H{lvwhp# krmh# glyhuvdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/# pdv# wrgdv# whp# xp# remhwlyr#frpxp=# jdudqwlu# txh# dtxhoh# surilvvlrqdo# hvwÁ#fdsdflwdgr# sdud# rshudu# xpd# ghwhuplqdgd#whfqrorjld# rx# txh# frqkhfh# h# É# fdsd}# gh#lpsohphqwdu#ghwhuplqdgrv#surfhvvrv1

Sdud# r# surilvvlrqdo# whu# xpd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# É#xp# %dwhvwdgr# gh# txdolgdgh%=# É# xpd# irupd# gh#

ydorul}du#vhx#frqkhflphqwr#h/#qrv#surfhvvrv#gh#vhohÇÃr/# ghvwdfdu# vxdv# kdelolgdghv# h# prvwudu#sdud# dv# hpsuhvdv# txh# hoh# É# r# fdqglgdwr# lghdo#sdud# xpd# ydjd1# DoÉp# gh# pÉwrgr# gh# vhohÇÃr/#wdpeÉp#vhuyh#frpr#irupd#gh#ghprqvwudu#txh#r#surilvvlrqdo# hvwÁ# hp# frqvwdqwh# dsuhqgl}dgr/#lqioxhqfldqgr# srvlwlydphqwh# sdud# txh# uhfhed#surprÇÕhv# h# vhmd# uhfrqkhflgr# qr# dpelhqwh# gh#wudedokr1

Sruwdqwr# xp# surilvvlrqdo# fhuwlilfdgr# É# xp#qhjÓflr# erp# sdud# d# hpsuhvd/# txh# dxphqwd# dv#fkdqfhv#gh#frqwudwdu#shvvrdv#txdolilfdgdv/#h#sdud#r# suÓsulr# surilvvlrqdo/# txh# jdqkd# surmhÇÃr# qr#phufdgr#h#ghvwdtxh#qr#dpelhqwh#gh#wudedokr1

Sru#Glhjr#Dohqfdu

�68

FFDDSSDD##��##DD##LLPPSSRRUUWW¢¢QQFFLLDD##GGDDVV##FFHHUUWWLLIILLFFDD§§µµHHVV


D#lpsruwÂqfld#gdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv

Irqwh

=#J

RR

JOH

GLHJR#DOHQFDU#DOYHV#GH#OLPD#wuded0okd#frpr#Lqvwuxwru#h#Frqvxowru#hp#Vriwzd0uh#Olyuh#qd#7Olqx{/#hp#VÃr#Sdxor1#Srvvxl#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#OSL/#WFVS#+Wuhqgplfur#Fhuwl0ilhg#Vhfxulw|#Surihvvlrqdo,#h#VFDVV#+Vxq#Vrodulv#Dvvrfldwh,#^ #Vrodulv#431#Qd#Áuhd#gh#whfqrorjld#vh#lqwhuhvvd#sulqflsdophqwh#sru#dvvxqwrv#uhodflrqdgrv#À#uhghv/#vhjx0udqÇd#h#vhuylÇrv#gh#lqwhjudÇÃr#frpr#OGDS1


Shqvr# h{lvwlu# xp# frqvhqvr# hqwuh# wrgrv# rv#surilvvlrqdlv# txh# wudedokdp# gluhwdphqwh# rx#lqgluhwdphqwh# frp# WL/# hp# txh# xqv# mxojdp# vhu#dshqdv#xp#surgxwr#gh#pdunhwlqj#gdv#hpsuhvdv#gh# vriwzduh/# hqtxdqwr# rxwurv# dfuhglwdp# vhu# xp#frpsurydqwh# hvvhqfldo# sdud# r# ghvhqyroylphqwr#surilvvlrqdo/# frpr# xp# dwhvwdgr# gh# txdolgdgh#pÁ{lpd1# Gh# xp# prgr# rx# gh# rxwur# wrgrv#frqfrugdp# txh# É# r# surilvvlrqdo# txh# suhflvd#exvfdu# whu# dojxp# surjudpd# gh# hgxfdÇÃr#frqwlqxdgd# sdud# jdudqwlu# txh# vhx# frqkhflphqwr#dfrpsdqkh#d#hyroxÇÃr#gd#whfqrorjld1

Whprv# krmh# qr# Eudvlo# dojxpdv# hpsuhvdv#txh# pdqwÉp# wuhlqdphqwrv# suhsdudwÓulrv#uhjxoduhv# sdud# rv# surilvvlrqdlv# txh# exvfdp# dv#sulqflsdlv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# qr# phufdgr# gh# WL1#Hqwuhwdqwr#hvwdv#hpsuhvdv#dshqdv# uhsuhvhqwdp#rv# vhxv# lghdol}dgruhv1# SrghuÍdprv# gl}hu/# sru#h{hpsor/# txh# dojxpdv# gdv# sulqflsdlv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#qr#phufdgr#gh#WL#vÃr=#SPS/#FLVD/#FLVP/# FLVVS/# FHK/# hqwuh# wdqwdv# rxwudv# txh#

hqyroyhp/# sru# h{hpsor/# sodwdirupdv#rshudflrqdlv# Plfurvriw# h# Olqx{/# rx# vlvwhpdv# gh#edqfr# gh# gdgrv# frpr# d# Rudfoh1# Dshqdv# wuÊv#hpsuhvdv# qdflrqdlv# fuldudp# h# pdqwÉp#surjudpdv# uhjxoduhv# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr/# frp#uhfrqkhflphqwr# lqwhuqdflrqdo=# d# PÓgxor/# d#Lpsdfwd/#h#d#QLG#Iruhqvlfv#Dfdghp|1

Yhugdgh# vhmd# glwd/# dv# judqghv# hpsuhvdv#gh#Whfqrorjld#frpr#d#LEP/#VXQ#h#Plfurvriw#qÃr#vÓ# pdqwÉp# frpr# wÊp# dsulprudgr#vlvwhpdwlfdphqwh# vhxv# surjudpdv# gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr1# D# lghld# eÁvlfd# gh# txdotxhu#surjudpd# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# É=# dwudyÉv# gh#h{shulÊqfldv# suÁwlfdv# h# whvwhv# uhdlv/# wud}hu# r#doxqr#sdud#xpd#uhdolgdgh#pdlv#suÓ{lpd#srvvÍyho#gr# phufdgr1# Txdqwr# pdlru# # iru# # d# ultxh}d# h# d#uhdolgdgh# gh# h{shulÊqfldv# ylylgdv# shor# doxqr/#pdlru#vhuÁ#d#fuhglelolgdgh#gd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#rewlgd#h#uhfrqkhflgd#shor#phufdgr#frusrudwlyr1

Gh# pdqhlud# dojxpd# txdotxhu# fhuwlilfdÇÃr#srgh# vhu# wudgx}lgd# frpr# jdudqwld# gh# hpsuhjr/#

Sru#Zlooldp#Vwdxiihu#Whoohv

�69

FDSD#�#YDORUL]D§£R#GRV#SURJUDPDV#QDFLRQDLV#GH#FHUWLILFD§£R


Ydorul}dÇÃr#grv#Surjudpdv#Qdflrqdlv#gh#FhuwlilfdÇÃr

Irqwh

=#J

RR

JOH


�6:

pdv# vhp# gÚylgd# hod# É# xp# glihuhqfldo# sdud# r#fdqglgdwr# txh# exvfd# xp# xsjudgh# hp# vxd#fduuhlud/# h# qd# pdlruld# gdv# yh}hv# vh# wudgx}# hp#pdlruhv# uhqglphqwrv# sdud# r# surilvvlrqdo#fhuwlilfdgr# vh# frpsdudgr# d# rxwur# vhp#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#vlplodu1

D# lghld#fhqwudo#ghvwh#duwljr#É# wud}hu#r# ohlwru#sdud# xp# prphqwr# gh# uhioh{Ãr# d# uhvshlwr# gd#txdolgdgh# h# gd# surgxwlylgdgh# wÉfqlfr0flhqwÍilfd#gr#eudvlohlur1#Frpr#glwr#dqwhulruphqwh/#whprv##6#hpsuhvdv# eudvlohludv# txh# dfuhglwdudp# qr# ydoru#gh# vhxv# frqkhflphqwrv# dgtxlulgrv# qr# sdvvdu#grv# dqrv/# doldudp# hvwh# frqkhflphqwr# d# xp#hohydgr# sdguÃr# dfdgÊplfr# gh# hqvlqr# h# dvvlp#frqvhjxludp# hqwudu# sdud# r# vhohwr# juxsr# gh#hpsuhvdv# lqwhuqdflrqdlv# txh# dwhvwdp# d#txdolgdgh# gh# vhxv# h{0doxqrv# dwudyÉv# gh#fhuwlilfdgrv#gh#h{fhoÊqfld1

Txhur# qhvwh# prphqwr# fkdpdu# d# dwhqÇÃr#gr# ohlwru# sdud# r# idwr# gh# txh# qhqkxpd# ghvwdv# 6#hpsuhvdv# É# ideulfdqwh# gh# dojxp# surgxwr# h/#dsuryhlwdqgr# r# idwr/# yhqgh# wdpeÉp# fhuwlilfdÇÃr#ghvwh# surgxwr1# Dr# lqyÉv# glvwr/# hvwdv# hpsuhvdv#irudp# frqfhelgdv# sru# shvtxlvdgruhv# qdv# pdlv#yduldgdv# Áuhdv# gr# frqkhflphqwr/# txh# shor#lqwhufÂpelr# lqwhuqdflrqdo# gh# lqirupdÇÕhv#flhqwÍilfdv# h# dr# dsurixqgdphqwr# gh# vxdv#shvtxlvdv# gh# phufdgr/# ghvhqyroyhudp#surjudpdv# gh# hvwxgr# fdsd}hv# gh# qÃr# vÓ#dsulprudu# r# frqkhflphqwr# gh# xp# surilvvlrqdo#hp# xpd# ghwhuplqdgd# Áuhd# gh# frqkhflphqwr/#pdv# wdpeÉp# wudqvplwlu# vhulhgdgh# h# txdolgdgh#gh# hqvlqr# sdud# dv# rujdql}dÇÕhv# txh# frqwudwdp#rv#surilvvlrqdlv#fhuwlilfdgrv#sru#hvwdv#hpsuhvdv1

R#eudvlohlur#É#hpsuhhqghgru#sru#qdwxuh}d/#h# xp# lqyhvwljdgru# qdwr# gr# frqkhflphqwr1# Wrgd#

yh}#txh#xp# lghdolvwd#ghflgh# wruqdu#sÚeolfr#vxdv#shvtxlvdv/# whprv# d# rsruwxqlgdgh# Úqlfd# gh#frpsduwlokdu#r#frqkhflphqwr#iuxwr#qÃr#gh#dÇÕhv#gh#pdunhwlqj/#pdv# gh# hvwxgrv# gluhflrqdgrv# hp#Áuhdv# ylwdlv# gr# frqkhflphqwr# sdud# wrgd#rujdql}dÇÃr1

Hqfhuur# hvwh# duwljr# frp# phx# vlqfhur#uhfrqkhflphqwr# h# dgpludÇÃr# d# wrgr# frqvhokr#h{hfxwlyr# gd# PÓgxor# +Ihuqdqgr# Qhu|/# Vhujlr#Wkrpsvrq/#Doehuwr# Edvwrv/# ¡oydur# Olpd/# Fduorv#Diirqvr# h#DqwÔqlr# Udqjho,/# h# dr# suhvlghqwh# gd#Lpsdfwd# +FÉolr# Dqwxqhv,1# Ph# lqvsluhl# hp#hpsuhvdv# 433(# qdflrqdlv# frpr# d# gh# yrfÊv#sdud#lqlfldu#phx#surmhwr#hgxfdflrqdo#hp#533:1#D#QLG# Iruhqvlfv# Dfdghp|# É# xpd# hpsuhvd# ehp#phqru# h# frp# xp# hvfrsr# ehp#pdlv# wÍplgr# txh#dv#ghpdlv#qdflrqdlv/#pdv# uhfkhdgd#gh# lghdlv#h#frqwhÚgr# fdsd}# gh# dmxgdu# d# wudqvirupdu# rv#surilvvlrqdlv# txh# dwxdp# hp# FrpsxwdÇÃr#Iruhqvh/# uhihuÊqfld# surilvvlrqdo# sru# rqgh#sdvvduhp1

Ghxv# dehqÇrh# dv# lqlfldwlydv# qdflrqdlv# qr#fdpsr# gdv# shvtxlvdv# h# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv1# H# txh#yhqkdp#d#h{lvwlu#qrydv#lqlfldwlydv1


ZLOOLDP#VWDXIIHU#WHOOHV#É#Hqjhqkhlur#gd#FrpsxwdÇÃr/#hvshfldolvwd#hp#FlÊqfld#gd#FrpsxwdÇÃr#Iruhqvh1#Dwxd#d#pdlv#gh#53#dqrv#hp#WL1#Phpeur#gd#KWFLD/#KWFF/#DFIH/#FGIV/#JW48#gr#FrplwÊ#Jhvwru#FE542FH5:#DEQW/#surihvvru#frqylgdgr#gdv#DFDGHSRO#HV2PW/#Surihvvru#h#Frrughqdgru#qd#Uhgh#GRFWXP#gh#Hqvlqr/#FHR#h#Ixqgdgru#gd#QLG#Iruhqvlfv#Dfdghp|1

FDSD#�#YDORUL]D§£R#GRV#SURJUDPDV#QDFLRQDLV#GH#FHUWLILFD§£R


http://solivrex.psl-pr.org.br

R#txh#pdlv# yhmr# hp# olvwdv# gh# glvfxvvÃr# gd#Áuhd#gh#vhjxudqÇd/#h#rxÇr#gh#phx#doxqrv#h#shvvr0dv#txh#dvvlvwhp#plqkdv#sdohvwudv#É#d#vhjxlqwh#shu0jxqwd=# txdo# É# d# phokru# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# qd# Áuhd# gh#vhjxudqÇd#gd#lqirupdÇÃrB

KÁ# rxwudv# yduldqwhv# vreuh# r# phvpr# whpd/#pdv# É# vhpsuh# dojxÉp# txhuhqgr# vdehu# txdo# É# d#phokru#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#sdud#vh#rewhu#wdqwr#sdud#txhp#hvwÁ#hqwudqgr#qhvvd#Áuhd/#txdqwr#sdud#txhp#txhu#fuhvfhu#dlqgd#pdlv1

Sru#frqwd#gh#wdqwdv#gÚylgdv#vreuh#r#phvpr#dvvxqwr/#dlqgd#pdlv#qd#Áuhd#gh#V1L1/#shqvhl#hp#hv0fuhyhu# hvvh#duwljr# sdud# foduhdu# xp#srxfr#pdlv# d#txhvwÃr1

Sulphlur# yrx# whqwdu# hohqfdu# dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#pdlv# lpsruwdqwhv#sdud#r#phufdgr#qhvvh#prphq0wr/# wdqwr#sdud#txhp#shqvd#hp#hqiuhqwdu#r#phufd0gr# wxslqltxlp/# txdqwr# sdud# txhp# shqvdu# hp#exvfdu# rxwudv# rsruwxqlgdghv# dr# uhgru# gr#pxqgr1#Dilqdo/# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# uhfrqkhflgd# dshqdv# qdflrqdo0phqwh/#hp#sohqd#hud#gd#joredol}dÇÃr/#É#sxud#shu0gd#gh#whpsr1

D# pdlruld# gdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# txh# surfxuduhl#

derugdu/#vÃr#yhqgru#qhxwudo/#pdv#dojxpdv#ixjluÃr#ghvvd#uhjud/#sru#pdlv#txh#hx#ph#hvirufh1

Xp# h{hpsor# glvvr/# vÃr# dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# gd#FLVFR1# Sru# pdlv# txh# txhludprv# ixjlu/# d# FLVFR#dlqgd# ghwÉp# xpd# lphqvd# idwld# gr# phufdgr# gh#htxlsdphqwrv#gh#uhghv#h#lqiudhvwuxwxud1#H#hvvh#id0eulfdqwh/#sru#vdehu#r#txdqwr#d#vhjxudqÇd#gh#xpd#lqiudhvwuxwxud#É#lpsruwdqwh#sdud#xpd#rujdql}dÇÃr/#ghvhqyroyhx# xp# fxuuÍfxor# ehp# lqwhuhvvdqwh# sdud#rv# surilvvlrqdlv# txh# mÁ# wudedokdp# frp# FLVFR# h#srvvxhp# shor# phqrv# r# FFQD1# Sduwlqgr# ghvvd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr# eÁvlfd# ghvvh# yhqgru/# r# surilvvlrqdo#srgh#ghflglu#sru#hvshfldol}du0vh#hp#vhjxudqÇd#gh#lqiudhvwuxwxud# gh# uhghv/# vhjxlqgr# r# sdguÃr# FLV0FR# frp# dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# FFQD# Vhfxulw|/# FFQS#Vhfxulw|#h#FFLH#Vhfxulw|1

Hvvdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/# vÃr# ehp# lqwhuhvvdqwhv#txdqgr#shqvdprv#qr#surilvvlrqdo#txh#dwxd#frpr#dqdolvwd# gh# lqiudhvwuxwxud# h# ghvhmd# pljudu# sdud# d#Áuhd#gh#vhjxudqÇd1#Pdv#h#sdud#r#surilvvlrqdo#txh#dgplqlvwud# uhghvB# Dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# OSL/# yrowdgdv#sdud# Olqx{# vÃr#pxlwr# erdv/# sulqflsdophqwh# txdq0gr# fxoplqdp# qd# OSL# 636/# fxmr# irfr# É# vhjxudqÇd#hp#vhuylgruhv#Olqx{1

Sru#Oxl}#Ylhlud

�6;

FDSD#�#FHUWLILFD§µHV#QR#PHUFDGR#GH#VHJXUDQ§D


FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#qr#phufdgr#gh#vhjxudqÇd

Ydqjholv

#Wkrp

dlg

lv#0#v

{f1k

x


�6<

D#OSL#636/#derugd# whpdv#txh#srvvlelolwdp#r#surilvvlrqdo#txh#dwxd#frp#Olqx{/#uhdol}du#r#kdugh0qlqj#h#surwhjhu#vhxv#vhuylgruhv#gh#dfhvvrv#lqghyl0grv# h# dwdtxhv# uhprwrv# h# orfdlv1# Rv# whpdv#derugdgrv#hqjoredp#ghvgh# fulswrjudild# gh#glvfr/#À#YSQ#h#prqlwrudphqwr#frp#Qdjlrv1

Hx#frvwxpr#lqfoxvlyh#eulqfdu/#txh#vh#dojxpd#hpsuhvd# txhu# xp#surilvvlrqdo# frp# frqkhflphqwr#gh# lqiud# h# dgplqlvwudÇÃr# gh# uhghv/# É# vÓ# yhu# vh# r#surilvvlrqdo#whp#r#frqkhflphqwr#suÁwlfr#h#ylyhqfl0do#txh#É#shglgr#sdud#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSL#h#FLV0FR# frqmxjdgdv1# Pdv# ydprv# hp# iuhqwh/# srlv# r#qrvvr# irfr# dtxl# É# vhjxudqÇd111# H# vÓ# idodprv# gh#txdwur#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#dwÉ#djrud1

Txdqgr#dojxÉp#ph#shujxqwd#txdo# d#phokru#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#sdud# frqvhjxlu# hqwudu# qr#phufdgr#gh#VL/#surqwdphqwh#gljr=#LVR#5:3351#Hvvd#É#ehp#eÁ0vlfd/# iÁflo# gh# wludu# h# suhflvd# frqvwdu# qr# fxuuÍfxor#gh# wrgr#surilvvlrqdo#gh#vhjxudqÇd#gd# lqirupdÇÃr1#Pdv#ghyh0vh#ilfdu#ehp#fodur/#txh#mxqwr#ghvvd#fhuwl0ilfdÇÃr/# r# surilvvlrqdo# ghyh# whu# xp# frqkhflphqwr#h{whqvr# vreuh# d# qrupd# LVR#5:334/# sdud# vdehu# r#srutxh# gh# pxlwd# frlvd# gd# 5:3351# Pdv# dlqgd# dv0vlp/#hvvdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#dlqgd#vÃr#sdud#qÍyhlv#gh#jhvwÃr# h# frqvxowruld# dshqdv/# vhp# frqkhflphqwr#wÉfqlfr#pxlwr#iruwh#frpr#suÉ0uhtxlvlwr1

Rxwud# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# sdud# txhp# mÁ# whp# xp# sÉ#hp#vhjxudqÇd/#dwxdqgr#frp#dojxqv#frqwurohv#fr0pr#dgplqlvwudgru#gh#uhghv#rx#dqdolvwd#gh#lqiud#+rq0gh#hp#pxlwdv#hpsuhvdv#É#hvvh#r#surilvvlrqdo#txh#id}#wxgr,/#É#d#Vhfxulw|.#gd#FrpsWLD/#txh#derugd#glyhuvrv#whpdv#vreuh#vhjxudqÇd#h#suhflvd#gd#frp0surydÇÃr#gh#grlv#dqrv#gh#dwxdÇÃr#qd#Áuhd1#Frqvl0ghur# hvvd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# frpr# xp# qÍyho#lqwhuphglÁulr/#suhsdudwÓulr#sdud#rxwudv#pdlv#frp0soh{dv1

Frqwlqxdqgr# dlqgd# qr# qÍyho# gh# jhvwÃr/# wh0prv#d#FLVP#+Fhuwlilhg#Lqirupdwlrq#Vhfxulw|#Pdqd0jhu,# fuldgd# shod# LVDFD/# txh# whp# frpr# irfr# rv#surilvvlrqdlv#txh#dwxduÃr#frpr#jhuhqwhv#gh#VL/#wr0pdqgr# dv# ghflvÕhv#pdlv# exurfuÁwlfdv# h# gh# qÍyho#gh#jhvwÃr#txh#hqyroyhp#d#vhjxudqÇd#qxpd#rujdql0}dÇÃr1#

Gd# LVDFD# wdpeÉp/# frp# xp# erp# qÍyho# gh#lpsruwÂqfld#qr#phufdgr/# whprv#d#FLVD# +Fhuwlilhg#Lqirupdwlrq#V|vwhpv#Dxglwru,/# srvvxl#xp# irfr#hp#dxglwruld/#frqwurohv#h#vhjxudqÇd1#Vh#r#surilvvlrqdo#suhwhqgh# vhjxlu# r# uxpr# gd# dxglwruld# hp# WL# h# VL#hp#jhudo/#hvvd#É#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#reuljdwÓuld1

Sduwlqgr#djrud#sdud#xpd#rxwud#hpsuhvd#fhu0wlilfdgrud/#rqgh#vh#hqfrqwudp#dwxdophqwh#dv#fhuwl0ilfdÇÕhv# pdlv# uhtxlvlwdgdv# shor# phufdgr# gh#vhjxudqÇd/# d# +LVF,�/# flwr# wuÊv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# frpr#dv#pdlv#lqwhuhvvdqwhv#sdud#rv#surilvvlrqdlv#txh#mÁ#dwxdp# qd# Áuhd/# pdv# suhflvdp# gh# xp# uhvsdogr#pdlru#sdud#dvfhqghuhp#hp#vxdv#fduuhludv=#VVFS/#FVVOS#h#FLVVS1

D#sulphlud#ghvvdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/#VVFS#+V|v0whpv#Vhfxulw|#Fhuwlilhg#Sudfwlwlrqhu,/#whp#frpr#ir0fr# surilvvlrqdlv# txh# dwxhp# frpr# dqdolvwdv# gh#vhjxudqÇd/#dgplqlvwudgruhv#gh#uhgh#h#vlvwhpdv1#D#suryd# hqjored# sduwh# grv# grpÍqlrv# h{lvwhqwhv# qr#FEN# +Frpprq#Erg|#Nqrzohgjh,/#h#txh# wdpeÉp#id}hp#sduwh#grv#grpÍqlrv#freudgrv#qd#suryd#sd0ud# d# FLVVS1# ©# lqwhuhvvdqwh# sdud# rv# surilvvlrqdlv#txh# hvwÃr# lqlfldqgr# hp# vhjxudqÇd/# txh# qÃr# vh#vhqwhp#vhjxurv#sdud#uhdol}du#d#suryd#sdud#FLVVS#mÁ#gh# lqÍflr/#pdv#txhuhp#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#uhvshl0wdgd#lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh#qd#Áuhd1

MÁ# d# FVVOS/# Fhuwlilhg# Vhfxuh# Vriwzduh# Ol0ihf|foh# Surihvvlrqdo/# É# xpd# gdv# sulphludv# fhuwlil0fdÇÕhv# qr# pxqgr# d# derugdu# r# whpd#ghvhqyroylphqwr#vhjxur1#QÃr#kÁ#irfr#qd#frglilfd0ÇÃr/# rx# olplwdÇÃr# qr# txh# gl}# uhvshlwr# Àv# olqjxd0jhqv#txh#vxsruwd/#srlv#É#pdlv#joredo/#irfdqgr#hp#wrgr# r# flfor# gh# surgxÇÃr# gh# xp# vriwzduh# h# ydol0gdqgr#hp#fdgd#srqwr/#rv#sulqfÍslrv#gh#vhjxudqÇd#h{lvwhqwhv1#

KÁ# srxtxÍvvlprv# surilvvlrqdlv# ghvvd# Áuhd#qr#phufdgr#dwxdophqwh/#h#É#xpd#h{fhohqwh#rsru0wxqlgdgh#sdud#txhp#wudedokd#frp#ghvhqyroylphq0wr# h# txhu# pljudu# sdud# vhjxudqÇd# gd# lqirupdÇÃr/#srlv# shuplwluÁ# frdgxqdu# vxd# h{shulÊqfld# suÉyld/#frp# rv# qryrv# frqfhlwrv# dsuhqglgrv# vreuh# vhjx0udqÇd/#h#gh#xpd#pdqhlud#txh#hvwÁ#gh#dfrugr#frp#dv#qhfhvvlgdghv#dwxdlv#gr#phufdgr1




�73

Djrud/#fkhjdprv#qd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#pdlv#lpsru0wdqwh#sdud#r#phufdgr#gh#vhjxudqÇd/#d#FLVVS1#Gh0yhprv# pdqwhu# hp# phqwh/# txh# hod# qÃr# É# xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr# wÉfqlfd# h# qhp# whp# hvvh# remhwlyr1# Qr#hqwdqwr/# hod# uhtxhu#xp#frqkhflphqwr#ehp#dpsor#txdqwr#dv#vroxÇÕhv#h{lvwhqwhv#qrv#glyhuvrv#grpÍ0qlrv#gr#FEN#ghvhqyroylgr#shod#+LVF,�1#Wdlv#grpÍql0rv#derugdgrv#qd#suryd#vÃr=

0#Dffhvv#Frqwuro#0#Dssolfdwlrq#Ghyhorsphqw#Vhfxulw|#0#Exvlqhvv#Frqwlqxlw|#dqg#Glvdvwhu#Uhfryhu|#Sodq0qlqj#0#Fu|swrjudsk|#0#Lqirupdwlrq#Vhfxulw|#Jryhuqdqfh#dqg#Ulvn#Pdqd0jhphqw#0#Ohjdo/#Uhjxodwlrqv/#Lqyhvwljdwlrqv#dqg#Frpsoldq0fh#0#Rshudwlrqv#Vhfxulw|#0#Sk|vlfdo#+Hqylurqphqwdo,#Vhfxulw|#0#Vhfxulw|#Dufklwhfwxuh#dqg#Ghvljq#0#Whohfrppxqlfdwlrqv#dqg#Qhwzrun#Vhfxulw|#

D#suryd/#dwÉ#dqr#sdvvdgr/#hud#dsolfdgd#dsh0qdv# hp# sdsho/# h# hp# lqjoÊv1# Qr# hqwdqwr/# gr# ilqdo#gr#dqr#sdvvdgr#sud#fÁ/#wlyhprv#Ówlpdv#qrwÍfldv/#lq0foxvlyh#xpd#txh#ghl{rx#À# wrgrv# ihol}hv#hvvh#pÊv#+vhwhpeur25344,=# dv# surydv# ghvgh# r# ilqdo# gr# dqr#sdvvdgr# mÁ# vÃr# dsolfdgdv# hp# sruwxjxÊv/# h# sduwlu#gh#rxwxeur#gh#5344/#hodv#wdpeÉp#srghuÃr#vhu#uhd0ol}dgdv# hp# dojxqv# fhqwurv# fuhghqfldgrv# shod#YXH#h#Surphwulf1

Hvvdv# gxdv# ghflvÕhv# vÃr# lpsruwdqwhv# sdud/#hp# sulphlur# oxjdu/# irfdu# d# dydoldÇÃr# qrv# grpÍql0rv/#h#qÃr#qr#qÍyho#gh#surilflÊqfld#txh#r#surilvvlr0qdo# whp#gd# oÍqjxd# lqjohvd1#H#hp#vhjxqgr/#srutxh#dqwhv# kdyldp# srxfdv# ydjdv# qdv# srxfdv# yh}hv#hp#txh#d#suryd#hud#dsolfdgd#dtxl#qr#Eudvlo/#lqfoxvl0yh# iruÇdqgr#txh#rv#surilvvlrqdlv# vh#ghvorfdvvhp#sdud# VÃr# Sdxor/# jdvwdqgr# frp# ghvorfdphqwr# h#krvshgdjhp#sdud#uhdol}du#d#suryd/#h#dlqgd#dvvlp#fruuldp#r#ulvfr#gh#qÃr#frqvhjxlu#ydjdv#sdud#d#sur0yd/# mÁ# txh# vhpsuh# hudp#srxfdv1# H# xpd# gdv# frl0vdv# lqwhuhvvdqwhv/# É# txh# dqwhv# hud# qhfhvvÁulr#djxdugdu#dojxpdv#vhpdqdv/#h#djrud#frp#d#suryd#

qr#irupdwr#hohwuÔqlfr/#r#uhvxowdgr#vdl#dvvlp#txh#r#fdqglgdwr#ilqdol}d#d#suryd1

Djrud/#txhp#txlvhu#uhdol}du#hvvd#suryd/#suh0sduh0vh#sdud#d#pdudwrqd/#srlv#vÃr#hp#pÉgld#583#shujxqwdv/# pdv# vhp# xpd# vroxÇÃr#pxlwr# ghilqlgd#gr#wlsr#ftxdo#d#iodj#gh#uhvsrvwd#txdqgr#É#hqyldgr#xpd#sdfrwh#frp#d# iodj#qxoo# dwlyd#sdud#xpd#sruwd#dehuwdBg1# Qd# suryd# gd# FLVVS/# dv# txhvwÕhv# vÃr#vhpsuh# frqwh{wxdol}dgdv/# freudqgr# xpd# vroxÇÃr#txh#phokru# vh# hqfdl{h# qdtxhoh# fhqÁulr# hvshfÍil0fr1#Sru# lvvr/#dojxqv#dqrv#gh#h{shulÊqfld#qd#Áuhd#gh#vhjxudqÇd/#doÉp#gh#vhu#xp#grv#suÉ0uhtxlvlwrv#sdud#rewhu#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr/# wdpeÉp#dx{lolduÁ#r#sur0ilvvlrqdo# À# uhvsrqghu# dv# txhvwÕhv# gh# irupd#pdlv#frqflvd#h#frhuhqwh1

Hvvd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr/#FLVVS/#É#suÉ0uhtxlvlwr#sd0ud#txhp#txhu#vdlu#gr#Eudvlo#h#frqvhjxlu#xpd#ydjd#oÁ# irud# qd# Áuhd# gh# vhjxudqÇd# gd# lqirupdÇÃr1# H#dtxl#qr#Eudvlo/#frpr#dlqgd#vÃr#srxfrv#rv#surilvvl0rqdlv#frp#hvvh#fhuwlilfdgr/#dlqgd#É#srvvÍyho#frq0vhjxlu# erqv# vdoÁulrv# frpsdudgrv# frp# rxwudv#Áuhdv#gh#dwxdÇÃr#hp#qrvvr#sdÍv#+idl{d#vdoduldo#gh#431333/33# À# 531333/33# ghshqghqgr# gr# qÍyho# gh#jhvwÃr#hp#txh#r#surilvvlrqdo#dwxh,1

Sdud# txhp# txlvhu# vdehu# xp# sxfr# pdlv# vr0euh#rv#grpÍqlrv#derugdgrv#qdv#surydv#gdv#fhuwlil0fdÇÕhv# gd# +LVF,�/# É# lqwhuhvvdqwh# dfhvvdu# r#vhjxlqwh# olqn=# kwwsv=22zzz1lvf51ruj2suhylhzv2Gh0idxow1dvs{1

Djrud# ydprv# sduwlu# sdud# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# pdlv#wÉfqlfdv/# h# dqdolvdu# dojxpdv# gdv# rihuhflgdv# shod#VDQV/# HF0Frxqflo/# LVHFRP/# Riihqvlyh# Vhfxulw|#h#Lppxqlw|1

D# VDQV/# dwudyÉv# gd# hqwlgdgh# fhuwlilfdgrud#frqkhflgd# frpr# JLDF# +Joredo# Lqirupdwlrq#Dvvx0udqfh#Fhuwlilfdwlrq,/# rihuhfh# gh}hqdv# gh# fhuwlilfd0ÇÕhv# sdud# d# Áuhd# gh# vhjxudqÇd# gd# lqirupdÇÃr1#Yrx#idodu#dshqdv#gh#dojxpdv#ghodv1

Dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# rihuhflgdv# shod# VDQV# vÃr#dowdphqwh# uhfrqkhflgdv# qr# phufdgr# lqwhuqdflr0qdo/#pdv#dlqgd#hvwÃr#hp#surfhvvr#gh#ydorul}dÇÃr#dtxl#qr#Eudvlo1#Sruwdqwr/#vh#txhu#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#frqfhlwxdgd#h#whp#frpr#remhwlyr#vdlu#gr#Eudvlo#rx#




https://www.isc2.org/previews/Default.aspx

�74

dwxdu# hp# xpd# pxowlqdflrqdo/# dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# JL0DF#vÃr#xpd#h{fhohqwh#shglgd1

Hodv#vÃr#djuxsdgdv#hp#fdwhjruldv/#txh#vÃr#dv#vhjxlqwhv/#dwxdophqwh=

0#Vhfxulw|#Dgplqlvwudwlrq0#Dxglw0#Pdqdjhphqw#0#Rshudwlrqv#0#Vriwzduh#Vhfxulw|#dqg2ru#Vhfxuh#Frglqj#0#Iruhqvlfv#0#Ohjdo#0#H{shuw

Hqwuh# hvvdv# fdwhjruldv/# srghprv# frqwdu#frp#gh}hqdv#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/#dv#txdlv#ghvwdfr#d#vhjxlu/#frpr#vhqgr#dv#pdlv#lqwhuhvvdqwhv#qd#sdu0wh# wÉfqlfd# uhihuhqwh# À# vhjxudqÇd/# gh# dfrugr# frp#d#Áuhd#gh#dwxdÇÃr#ghvhmdgd#shor#surilvvlrqdo1

Sdud#txhp#dwxd#rx#txhu#dwxdu#frp#uhvsrv0wd# À# lqflghqwhv=# JFLD# +JLDF# Fhuwlilhg# Lqwuxvlrq#Dqdo|vw,#h#d#JFLK#+JLDF#Fhuwlilhg#Lqflghqw#Kdq0gohu,1#

Sdud#txhp#ghvhmd#dwxdu#frp#whvwh#gh#lqyd0vÃr#h#dydoldÇÕhv#gh#vhjxudqÇd=#JSHQ#+JLDF#Sh0qhwudwlrq# Whvwhu,/# JZDSW# +JLDF# Fhuwlilhg# Zhe#Dssolfdwlrq# Shqhwudwlrq# Whvwhu,# h# d# JDZQ# +JL0DF#Dvvhvvlqj#Zluhohvv#Qhwzrunv,1#

Sdud#txhp#ghvhmd#dwxdu#frp#iruhqvh#frpsx0wdflrqdo#h#dqÁolvh#gh#pdozduh=#JFIH#+JLDF#Fhuwlil0hg# Iruhqvlf# H{dplqhu,/# JFID# +JLDF# Fhuwlilhg#Iruhqvlf#Dqdo|vw,# h# d#JUHP# +JLDF#Fhuwlilhg#Uh0yhuvh#Hqjlqhhulqj#Pdozduh,1

Ghvgh#5338#vxujlx#xpd#frqwuryÉuvld#frp#uh0odÇÃr# Àv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# gd# VDQV/# pdv# qdgd# txh#frpsurphwhvvh#vxd#fuhglelolgdgh#qr#phufdgr1#Hv0vd#rujdql}dÇÃr/#ghflglx#idflolwdu#r#surfhvvr#gh#re0whqÇÃr# gh# vxdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# fuldqgr# grlv# qÍyhlv/#r#Vloyhu#h#r#Jrog1#Sdud#wludu#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#qr#qÍ0yho# Vloyhu/# edvwd# r# surilvvlrqdo# uhdol}du# dv# surydv#gh# pÚowlsodv# hvfrokdv# qhfhvvÁuldv# sdud# dtxhod#Áuhd#hvshfÍilfd1#Qr#hqwdqwr/#vh#r#surilvvlrqdo#txl0vhu#vhu#xp#fhuwlilfdgr#Jrog/#hoh#suhflvd#ilqdol}du#r#ghvdilr# suÁwlfr# dsuhvhqwdgr/# sdud# frpsurydu# vxd#

dtxlvlÇÃr# gh# frqkhflphqwr# dsolfdgr# À# vlwxdÇÕhv#suÁwlfdv1

D# Hf0Frxqflo/# rxwud# hqwlgdgh# txh# rihuhfh#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# sdud# d# Áuhd# gh# vhjxudqÇd/# wdpeÉp#srvvxl# uhfrqkhflphqwr# lqwhuqdflrqdo/# lqfoxvlyh#frp# d# fkdqfhod# gr# ShqwÁjrqr# +ÓujÃr# gh# ghihvd#dphulfdqr,1# Vxdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# whp# jdqkdgr# xp#uhfrqkhflphqwr# pdlru# qr# phufdgr# eudvlohlur/# h#srvvxhp#xp#irfr#pdlv#wÉfqlfr#gr#txh#jhuhqfldo1

Dshvdu#gd#Hf0Frxqflo#rihuhfhu#pdlv#gh#xpd#gh}hqd#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/#yrx#derugdu#dshqdv#txd0wur# ghodv/# frp# irfr# pdlv# wÉfqlfr# h# suÓ{lpr# gdv#qhfhvvlgdghv# gh# xp# surilvvlrqdo# gh# vhjxudqÇd1#VÃr#hodv=#HFVD/#FHK/#OSW#h#FKIL1

Sdud#txhp#hvwÁ#lqlfldqgr#hp#vhjxudqÇd/#hv0wÁ#ehp#fux#phvpr#h#txhu#hqwhqghu#r#txh#xp#dqd0olvwd# gh# vhjxudqÇd# id}# h# txdlv# vxdv# dwulexlÇÕhv/#dfrqvhokr# d# fhuwlilfd# HFVD# +Hf0Frxqflo# Vhfxulw|#Dqdo|vw,/# txh# derugd# rv# whpdv# eÁvlfrv# gd# dwxd0ÇÃr# frp# vhjxudqÇd# gd# lqirupdÇÕhv# h# rv# frqwur0ohv# gh# vhjxudqÇd# txh# suhflvdp# vhu#lpsohphqwdgrv/# sdud# wruqdu# xpd# lqiudhvwuxwxud#pdlv# vhjxud1#Djrud/# qÃr# hvshuhp# ghpdlv# ghvvd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr/#srlv#hod#É# lqlfldo#h# lqwurgxwÓuld#qr#dv0vxqwr#gh#vhjxudqÇd/#qÃr#vhqgr#lqglfdgd#sdud#sur0ilvvlrqdlv# txh# mÁ# dwxhp# qd# Áuhd# h# whqkdp#h{shulÊqfld#gh#dojxqv#dqrv1

Sdud# txhp# txhu# dojr# xp# srxfr#pdlv# dsur0ixqgdgr/# d#FHK# +Fhuwlilhg#Hwklfdo# kdfnhu,# É#pdlv#lqwhuhvvdqwh/#srlv#mÁ#derugd#d#txhvwÃr#gdv#dydold0ÇÕhv#gh#vhjxudqÇd/#frpr#whvwh#gh#lqydvÃr#h#dxgl0wruld# gh# vhjxudqÇd# hp# uhghv# h# vlvwhpdv1# ©#uhfrqkhflgd# lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh/# pdv# qd# plqkd#rslqlÃr# shfd# sru# qÃr# whu# xpd# dydoldÇÃr# suÁwlfd/#frp#ghvdilrv#gr# wlsr#ffdswxuh# wkh# iodjg1#Hqwuhwdq0wr/# dlqgd# dvvlp# É# xpd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# lqwhuhvvdqwh#txh#iruÇd#r#doxqr#d#hvwxgdu#edvwdqwh#rv#frqfhlwrv#gh#vhjxudqÇd#h#whvwhv1

Dwxdophqwh/# uhxqlqgr#d# fhuwlilfdÇÃr#HFVD#h#FHK/#fdvr#r#surilvvlrqdo#whqkd#h{shulÊqfld#h#dwxd0ÇÃr#frp#whvwhv#gh#lqydvÃr/#hoh#srgh#uhxqlu#dv#gr0fxphqwdÇÕhv# frpsuredwÓuldv#qhfhvvÁuldv#gh# vxd#h{shulÊqfld/# h# uhtxhuhu# À# Hf0Frxqflo# d# fhuwlilfd0




�75

ÇÃr#OSW#+Olfhqvhg#Shqhwudwlrq#Whvwhu,/#txh#fhuwlil0fd#r#surilvvlrqdo# frpr#vhqgr#xp#shqwhvwhu# uhfr0qkhflgr# sru# xpd# rujdql}dÇÃr# lqwhuqdflrqdo/# d#Hf0Frxqflo1

Frqihvvr# txh# ghvvdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# gd# Hf0Frxqflo/#dtxl#qr#Eudvlo#vÓ#yl#hp#ydjdv##gh#hpsuh0jrv/#d#vrolflwdÇÃr#gd#FHK#h#gd#FKIL/#d#suÓ{lpd#d#vhu#frphqwdgd1#

D#FKIL#+Fhuwlilhg#Kdfnlqj#Iruhqvlf#Lqyhvwljd0wru,/#mÁ#srvvxl#xp#irfr#ehp#hvshfÍilfr/#txh#É#d#ir0uhqvh# frpsxwdflrqdo1# ©# ehp# lqwhuhvvdqwh# r#frqwhÚgr#freudgr/#ghvgh#txh#r#surilvvlrqdo#vdled#frpr#dsolfÁ0or/#srlv#frpr#wrgdv#dv#rxwudv#surydv#gd#Hf0Frxqflo/#É#wxgr#whÓulfr#frp#pÚowlsodv#hvfr0okdv1# Qr# hqwdqwr/# r# qÍyho# wÉfqlfr# ghvvd# fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr# É# vxshulru# drv# gdv# flwdgdv# dqwhulruphqwh/#srlv#suhvvxsÕh#xp#frqkhflphqwr#suÉylr#gr#txh#É#derugdgrv# qdv# wuÊv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# dqwhulruhv1# Dil0qdo/#frpr#xp#lqyhvwljdgru#srghuÁ#hqfrqwudu#lqgÍfl0rv# vh# qÃr# frqkhfh# frpr# ghyh# vhu# xp# dpelhqwh#vhjxur/#frpr#qrupdophqwh#hoh#srgh#vhu#frpsur0phwlgr/#h#txdlv#dv# ihuudphqwdv#h#pÉwrgrv#xwlol}d0grv# qxpd# lqydvÃrB# Orjr/# srghprv# dvvxplu# txh#d#FKIL#É#xpd#uhxqlÃr#grv#frqkhflphqwrv#qhfhv0vÁulrv#sdud#dv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#dqwhulruhv#pdlv#r#fr0qkhflphqwr# lqyhvwljdwlyr/# qhfhvvÁulr# sdud# d#uhfuldÇÃr#gh#fhqÁulrv#frpsoh{rv#dwudyÉv#gd#ghvfr0ehuwdv#gh#lqgÍflrv#h#hylgÊqfldv/#hp#vlvwhpdv#Zlq0grzv/#Olqx{/#PDF/# lpdjhqv/# urwhdgruhv/# uhghv/#h#hwf1

Dv#wuÊv#rujdql}dÇÕhv#uhvwdqwhv/#LVHFRP/#Ri0ihqvlyh#Vhfxulw|#h#Lppxqlw|/#rihuhfhp#srxfdv#fhu0wlilfdÇÕhv/# pdv# qhp# sru# lvvr# vÃr# phqrv#lpsruwdqwhv1#

D# LVHFRP# É# uhvsrqvÁyho# shod#pdqxwhqÇÃr#h#vxsruwh#À#RVVWPP/#xpd#phwrgrorjld#lqwhuqdflr0qdophqwh#dfhlwd#frpr#pxlwr#dghtxdgd#sdud#d#uhdol0}dÇÃr#gh#whvwhv#gh#lqydvÃr1#R#txh#É#lqwhuhvvdqwh#É#txh#hvvd#phwrgrorjld#irl#wÃr#ehp#dfhlwd#qr#phu0fdgr/# txh# hvwxgd0vh# d# srvvlelolgdgh# gh# wudqviru0pÁ0od# hp# xpd# qrupd# LVR/# hvshfÍilfd# sdud# rv#whvwhv#gh#vhjxudqÇd1#Sruwdqwr/#txdotxhu#xpd#gdv#gxdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#ghvvd#hqwlgdgh/#RSVD#h#RSVW#+RVVWPP# Surihvvlrqdo# Vhfxulw|# Dqdo|vw# h# RV0

VWPP#Surihvvlrqdo#Vhfxulw|#Whvwhu,/#É#lqwhuhvvdq0wh#sdud#txhp#txlvhu#mÁ#hvwdu#suhsdudgr#sdud#hvvd#pxgdqÇd# udglfdo/# wruqdqgr# hvvd# phwrgrorjld# xp#sdguÃr#dgrwdgr#lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh1

D# sulphlud# fhuwlilfdÇÃr#RSVD/# É#pdlv# yrowd0gd# sdud# dqdolvwdv# gh# vhjxudqÇd/# dgplqlvwudgruhv#gh# uhgh# frp# irfr# hp# vhjxudqÇd# h# FVRcv/# txh#suhflvdp# whu#xp#frqkhflphqwr#pdlv#dsurixqgdgr#txh#d#pÉgld#vreuh#xpd#phwrgrorjld#gh#whvwhv#gh#vhjxudqÇd/#pdv#vhp#qhfhvvduldphqwh#suhflvdu#uh0dol}du# hvvhv# whvwhv# rx# dydoldÇÕhv# gh# irupd# pdlv#hvshfldol}dgd1

MÁ#d#RSVW/# whp#xp#irfr#pdlv#dsurixqgdgr/#qd# uhdol}dÇÃr# gh# whvwhv# gh# vhjxudqÇd/# id}hqgr#frp#txh#hvvd#vhmd#d#hvfrokd#pdlv#dfhuwdgd#sdud#rv# surilvvlrqdlv# txh# dwxhp# gluhwdphqwh# uhdol}dq0gr# hvvdv# dydoldÇÕhv# h# lqyhvwljdÇÕhv/# wdlv# frpr#Shqwhvwhuv#h#Lqyhvwljdgruhv#Iruhqvh1

Djrud/#qd#Áuhd#gh#vhjxudqÇd/#dshvdu#gh#dlq0gd# qÃr# whu# r# ghylgr# uhfrqkhflphqwr# gr#phufdgr#dtxl# qr# Eudvlo/# dv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# txh# uhdophqwh#dwhvwdp# vh# r# surilvvlrqdo# hvwÁ# surqwr# sdud# dwxdu#qd# suÁwlfd# frp# whvwhv# gh# lqydvÃr# vÃr=# RVFS# h#RVFH1#Vhp#ghvphuhfhu#dv#ghpdlv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/#dfuhglwr#txh#hvvdv#gxdv#vÃr#dv#txh#pdlv#vh#dsur0{lpdp# gh# xp# dpelhqwh# uhdo# hqfrqwudgr# sru# xp#surilvvlrqdo#dr#uhdol}du#xp#whvwhv#gh#lqydvÃr1

R#irfr#gh#dpedv#dv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/#É#frpsur0ydu# qd# suÁwlfd# d# dtxlvlÇÃr# grv# frqkhflphqwrv#wudqvplwlgrv# dr# hvwxgdqwh# dr# orqjr# gr# shuÍrgr#txh#r#phvpr#whp#dfhvvr#dr#ODE/#iruqhflgr#shod#Riihqvlyh# Vhfxulw|/# rujdql}dÇÃr# pdqwhqhgrud# gr#Edfnwudfn/#glvwulexlÇÃr#vreuh#d#txdo# wrgd#d#fhuwlil0fdÇÃr#É#edvhdgd1

D# glihuhqÇd# hqwuh# dpedv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/#RVFS# +Riihqvlyh# Vhfxulw|# Fhuwlilhg# Surihvvlrqdo,#h#RVFH# +Riihqvlyh#Vhfxulw|#Fhuwlilhg#H{shuw,/#hv0wÁ#qr#wuhlqdphqwr#txh#É#uhdol}dgr#h#qd#suryd#txh#fxoplqdp#hvvhv#wuhlqdphqwrv1

Sdud# d# RVFS/# r# wuhlqdphqwr# uhdol}dgr# É# r#SZE#+Shqwhvwlqj#zlwk#Edfnwudfn,#frp#gxudÇÃr#gh#63/#93#rx#<3#gldv#gh#dfhvvr/#ghshqgh#gh#txdqwr#r# doxqr# txlvhu# sdjdu# shor# whpsr# gh# dfhvvr# dr#




�76

ODE1#D#suryd#É#h{foxvlydphqwh#suÁwlfd/#rqgh#r#dox0qr#whp#57k#fruulgdv#sdud#uhdol}du#d#hqwudgd#qd#uh0gh#fhglgd#sdud#dydoldÇÃr#shod#Riihqvlyh#Vhfxulw|/#h#dofdqÇdu#rv#remhwlyrv#sursrvwrv/#gh#dfrugr#frp#rv#frqwhÚgrv#hvwxgdgrv#h#sudwlfdgrv#qr#ODE1

H#sdud#dofdqÇdu#d#RVFH/#r#doxqr#suhflvd#lqv0fuhyhu0vh#qr#wuhlqdphqwr#FWS#+Fudfnlqj# wkh#Shul0phwhu,/# txh# ixqflrqd# qrv# phvprv# proghv# gr#SZG/#frp#dfhvvr#dr#ODE#sru#xp#ghwhuplqdgr#qÚ0phur#gh#gldv/#dfhvvr#À#dsrvwlod#h#yÍghrv#frp#dv#wÉfqlfdv#h{solfdgdv#ghwdokdgdphqwh/#txh#fxoplqd0uÃr#qxpd#dydoldÇÃr#ehp#pdlv#dydqÇdgd#txh#d#sul0phlud=#7;k#fruulgdv#sdud#d#uhdol}dÇÃr#gdv#suÁwlfdv#frp#xp#uhodwÓulr#ilqdo#gh#wxgr#r#txh#irl#ihlwr1#Qhv0vh#qÍyho/#r#doxqr#qÃr#dshqdv#hpsuhjduÁ# wÉfqlfdv#gh#h{sorudÇÃr/#pdv#dqdolvduÁ#yxoqhudelolgdghv/#fr0pr#hodv#srghuÃr#vhu#h{sorudgdv#h#suhflvduÁ#ghvhq0yroyhu# vhxv# suÓsulrv# h{sorlwv# sdud# h{sorudu# dv#yxoqhudelolgdghv#hqfrqwudgdv# +xp#dghqgr=# rv#h{0sorlwv# ghvhqyroylgrv# suhflvdp#vhu# hqyldgrv# dr# il0qdo#gd#dydoldÇÃr,1

Sruwdqwr/# ghyh# hvwdu# fodur# sdud# yrfÊv# sru0txh#hvvdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#dlqgd#qÃr#srvvxhp#r#ghyl0gr# uhfrqkhflphqwr# qr# phufdgr# gh# vhjxudqÇd/#srlv# sdud# grplqdu# r# surfhvvr# gh# whvwhv# gh# lqyd0vÃr#h# whvwhv#gh#vhjxudqÇd#qr#qÍyho#vrolflwdgr#sru#hvvdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv/# r# surilvvlrqdo# suhflvd# whu# xp#qÍyho#wÉfqlfr#ehp#dowr1

D# fhuwlilfdÇÃr#txh#ghl{hl# sdud#r# ilqdo/# qÃr#É#d# phqrv# lpsruwdqwh/# pdv# vlp# d# pdlv# wudedokrvd#gh# vh# frqtxlvwdu/# srlv# ghpdqgd#xp#qÍyho# wÉfqlfr#ud}rdyhophqwh# dowr# sdud# r# txh# d# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# vh#sursÕh1

Hvvd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#É#d#QRS#+Qhwzrun#Riihqvl0yh#Surihvvlrqdo,/#fuldgd#shod#Lppxqlw|#Vhf1/#ghvhq0yroyhgrud# gr# Lppxqlw|# Fdqydv# h# Lppxqlw|#Ghexjjhu/#lpsruwdqwhv#ihuudphqwdv#sdud#surilvvlr0qdlv#gh#vhjxudqÇd1

Hp#sulphlur#oxjdu/#d#suryd#É#gh#judÇd/#h#qÃr#vh#sdjd#qdgd#sdud#wludu#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr/#d#qÃr#vhu#d#sdvvdjhp#gh#dylÃr#rv#HXD#+$$$,1#D#sduwlu#gdÍ/#qd#vh0gh#gd#Lppxqlw|/#r#srvwxodqgr#whuÁ#srxfr#pdlv#gh#63# plqxwrv# sdud# id}hu# r# vhjxlqwh=# uhfhehu# grlv#

SH*v# +h{hfxwÁyhlv# Zlqgrzv,/# frp# yxoqhudelolgd0ghv# txh# ghyhuÃr# vhu# ghwhfwdgdv# dwudyÉv# gr# sur0fhvvr# gh# ghexjjlqj# h# ix}}lqj/# xwlol}dqgr#ihuudphqwdv# gd# suÓsuld# Lppxqlw|/# frpr# É# r# fdvr#gh# vhx# Ghexjjhu1# Ghwhfwdqgr# dv# yxoqhudelolgd0ghv/#É#qhfhvvÁulr#ghqwur#gr#sud}r#hvwlsxodgr#+ohp0euh0vh/# srxfr# pdlv# gh# 63# plqxwrv# qr# wrwdo,/#ghvhqyroyhu# xp# h{sorlw/# qdgd# pxlwr# uhexvfdgr/#txh#idÇd#d#h{sorudÇÃr#ghvvd#yxoqhudelolgdghv#h#do0fdqfh# xp# ghwhuplqdgr# uhvxowdgr# frpr# ghilqlgr#shorv#dsolfdgruhv#gd#suryd1

DwudyÉv# ghvvd# shtxhqd#dqÁolvh# gh# dojxpdv#gdv# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# h{lvwhqwhv/# srghprv# shufhehu#txdqwdv#srvvlelolgdgh# whprv#gldqwh#gh#qÓv1#D#hv0frokd# gh# txdo# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# É# phokru/# vhpsuh# ydl#ghshqghu#gd#Áuhd#rqgh#r#surilvvlrqdo#ghvhmd#dwx0du/#ehp#frpr#d#hpsuhvd#rqgh#mÁ#wudedokd#rx#exv0fd#xpd#ydjd1

Reyldphqwh# txh# d#pdlruld# ghvvdv# fhuwlilfd0ÇÕhv#É#edudwd#h#srgh#vhu# wludgd# idflophqwh1#Dojx0pdv# vÃr# pdlv# iÁfhlv/# frpr# flwdgdv# dr# orqjr# gr#wh{wr/#pdv# rxwudv# ghpdqgdp#phvhv# gh# suhsdud0ÇÃr/#phvpr#txh#r#surilvvlrqdo# mÁ#dwxh#qd#Áuhd#h#whqkd# dojxpdv# dqrv# gh# h{shulÊqfld1# Qr# hqwdqwr/#phvpr# txh# r# whpsr# h# glqkhlur# hpsuhjdgrv# vh0mdp# hp# judqgh# txdqwlgdgh# dojxpdv# yh}hv/# sr0ghp# dfuhglwdu=# ydoh# pxlwr# À# shqd1# Pdv#reyldphqwh# txh# ydoh#pdlv# dlqgd#À# shqd/# txdqgr#r# surilvvlrqdo# doÉp# gr# sdsho# wlpeudgr/# whqkd# d#suÁwlfd# h# ylyÊqfld# qhfhvvÁuldv# sdud# lpsru0vh# qr#phufdgr#frpr#surilvvlrqdo# uhvshlwdgr#h#txh#uhdo0phqwh#vdeh#r#txh#hvwÁ#id}hqgr1

Hvshur# txh/# gh# dojxpd# irupd/# hvvh# duwljr#srvd#whu#wruqdgr#r#fdplqkr#gh#yrfÊv#hp#exvfd#gdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#hp#vhjxudqÇd/#dlqgd#pdlv#fodur1


OXL]#YLHLUD#É#Surilvvlrqdo#gh#VhjxudqÇd#gd#LqirupdÇÃr/#frp#4:#dqrv#gh#h{shulÊq0fld#hp#WL#h#44#dqrv#hp#VhjxudqÇd1#Frp#r#irfr#hp#VhjxudqÇd/#dwxd#frpr#frqvxo0wru1#Plqlvwud#glyhuvrv#wuhlqdphqwrv#yrowd0grv#sdud#d#Áuhd#gh#V1L1#Frpr#surilvvlrqdo#fhuwlilfdgr/#srvvxl#dv#vhjxlqwhv#fhuwlilfd0ÇÕhv=#OSL/#FOD/#GWV/#FHK/#FKIL/#LVR#5:335/#LWLO#Irxqg1#Y6#h#FRELW#7141#Eorj=#kwws=22kdfnsurrilqj1eorjvsrw1frp



Pxlwr#vh#idod#h#vh#sursdjd#shorv#txdwur#fdq0wrv# gr# sodqhwd# txh# r#phufdgr# gh# wudedokr# hvwÁ#fdgd# yh}# pdlv# frpshwlwlyr# h# h{ljhqwh1# H# sdud#txh#xp#surilvvlrqdo#jdqkh#ghvwdtxh#h#surmhÇÃr/#wuhlqdphqwr#frqvwdqwh#h#hvshfldol}dÇÃr#vÃr#suÉ0uhtxlvlwrv#ixqgdphqwdlv/#wdqwr#qd#krud#gh#surfx0udu# xp# hpsuhjr/# frpr# qr# prphqwr# gh# shglu#xpd#surprÇÃr/#sruÉp#dshqdv#srxfrv#surilvvlr0qdlv#wulokdp#sru#hvwh#fdplqkr1

D#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#surilvvlrqdo#uhsuhvhqwd#r#uhfr0qkhflphqwr# gd# kdelolgdgh# h# h{shulÊqfld# qr# xvr#gh#xp#gdgr#uhfxuvr/#jdudqwlqgr#xp#lpsruwdqwh#gl0ihuhqfldo# h# djuhjdqgr# fuhglelolgdgh# dr# fxuuÍfxor#gr# surilvvlrqdo1# Hqwhqglgd# hp# vhx# vhqwlgr#pdlv#dpsor#É#d#frpsurydÇÃr#irupdo#grv#frqkhflphq0wrv/#kdelolgdghv/#dwlwxghv#h#frpshwÊqfldv#gr#wud0edokdgru/# uhtxhulgrv# shor# vlvwhpd# surgxwlyr# h#ghilqlgrv#hp#whuprv#gh#sdguÕhv#rx#qrupdv#dfru0gdgdv#suhyldphqwh1

Hp#xp#pxqgr#fdudfwhul}dgr#shor#ghvhqyro0ylphqwr#whfqroÓjlfr/#shor#suhgrplqdqwh#xvr#gd#lq0irupdÇÃr# h# shor# iruwh# lqfuhphqwr# gr# frpÉuflr#lqwhuqdflrqdo/# hvwh# uhfxuvr# whp# vh# wruqdgr# fdgd#yh}# pdlv# hilflhqwh# sdud# vlqwhwl}du# frqkhflphqwrv#dgtxlulgrv# gh#pdqhlud# glvshuvd# dr# orqjr# gd# ylgd#dfdgÊplfd# h# surilvvlrqdo/# sruwdqwr/# uhrujdql}du# r#phufdgr#gh#wudedokr#h#surpryhu#d#surgxwlylgdgh1

D# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# wdpeÉp# É# lpsruwdqwh# sdud# r#phufdgr#gh# wudedokr#srutxh#sursruflrqd# lqirupd0ÇÃr#remhwlyd#h#rsruwxqd#vreuh#r#fdqglgdwr#dr#hp0suhjr/# idflolwdqgr#h#uhgx}lqgr#fxvwrv#gr#surfhvvr#gh# uhfuxwdphqwr# h# vhohÇÃr1# Orjr/# d# fhuwlilfdÇÃr#surilvvlrqdo/# qr# hqwdqwr/# qÃr# É# frpr# À# sulphlud#ylvwd#sduhfh#vhu/#xp#uhpÉglr#sdud#wrgrv#rv#pdohv#gr#phufdgr# gh# wudedokr# rx# xp# lqvwuxphqwr# kÁelo#sdud# txdlvtxhu# frqglÇÕhv# rx# flufxqvwÂqfldv# gdv#uhodÇÕhv#gh#wudedokr/#pdv#uhtxhu#xpd#exvfd#shod#phokruld#frqwÍqxd1

Sru#MrvÉ#Doh{dqguh#Pdwrv#Yldqd

�77

FDSD#�#FHUWLILFD§µHV#HP#WL


FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#hp#WL

Irqwh

=#J

RR

JOH


�78

Sdud#frpsurydu#vxd#fdsdflgdgh/#rv# wÍwxorv#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#vÃr#ixqgdphqwdlv#sdud#r#surilvvlr0qdo# txh# suhwhqgh# jdudqwlu# vhx# hvsdÇr1#DwÉ# srx0frv# dqrv/# dojxÉp# txh# txlvhvvh# dgtxlulu# xp#wÍwxor#gh#hvshfldolvwd#hp#xpd#gdgd#Áuhd#hqiuhqwd0yd# hqruphv# glilfxogdghv1# Hvvd# uhdolgdgh# mÁ# É#ehp#glihuhqwh#qrv#gldv#dwxdlv1

Dv# hpsuhvdv# surfxudp# dojxp# wÍwxor# qdv#shvvrdv# h# vh# r# surilvvlrqdo# fduuhjd# frqvljr#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr/#d#vxd#hpsuhjdelolgdgh#dxphq0wd1# Sruwdqwr/# gdgr# r# fuhvflphqwr# h{srqhqfldo#gdv# hqjhqkduldv# gh# Vriwzduh# h# gh# kdugzduh/#fuhvfhx# wdpeÉp/# d# fduÊqfld# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# h#gh#surilvvlrqdlv#kdelolwdgrv#h/# qhvwd#shuvshfwlyd#gh#phufdgr/# dojxpdv# hpsuhvdv# ghflgludp# fuldu#vhxv#suÓsulrv#wuhlqdphqwrv#h#surydv#gh#fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr1

Qr# pxqgr# gd# whfqrorjld# qÃr# É# glihuhqwh/#pxlwr#phqrv#qr#xqlyhuvr#grv#vlvwhpdv#dehuwrv1#R#phufdgr#Olqx{#É#frqkhflgr#shor#shtxhqr#qÚ0phur# gh# surilvvlrqdlv# hvshfldol}dgrv# h# frpr# d#glvvhplqdÇÃr# gr# vlvwhpd# rshq# vrxufh# qdv# hp0suhvdv# eudvlohludv# É# fdgd# yh}# pdlru/# d# surfxud#sru#surilvvlrqdlv#frp#fdsdflwdÇÃr#fuhvfh1#Hqwuh0wdqwr/# d# hvfdvvh}# ghvwh# shuilo# gh# surilvvlrqdlv#qÃr# vljqlilfd# xpd# glplqxlÇÃr# qd# h{ljÊqfld# gdv#frusrudÇÕhv#qd#krud#gh#frqwudwdu1

H{lvwhp# fhuwlilfdÇÕhv# gh# h{wuhpd# uhohyÂq0fld#sdud#xp#Surilvvlrqdo#gh#W1L1/# wdqwr#qr#Eudvlo/#txdqwr#qr#pxqgr=

Vlvwhpdv#Dehuwrv=

FhuwlilfdÇÃr#OSL=#%R#Olqx{#Surihvvlrqdo#Lqv0wlwxwh#+OSL,#0#©#xpd#rujdql}dÇÃr#vhp#ilqv#oxfudwl0yrv/# vhgldgd# qd# Fdoliruqld# 0# XVD# h# frqvwlwxÍgd#hp# 4<<<# shod# frpxqlgdgh# Olqx{/# h/# ghvgh# hq0wÃr/# ghvhqyroyh# gh# irupd# dfhvvÍyho# xp# surjud0pd# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# hp# vlvwhpdv# JQX2Olqx{#uhfrqkhflgr# lqwhuqdflrqdophqwh# sru# hpsuhvdv/#hpsuhjdgruhv# h# surilvvlrqdlv# gh# WL%1# 0# h{wudÍgr#gr#vlwh#OSL#Eudvlo1

Pxqgldophqwh# uhfrqkhflgr# frpr# xp# grv#

sulqflsdlv#surjudpdv#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#Olqx{/#r#OSL#fkhjrx#dr#Eudvlo#dshqdv#qr# ilqdo#gh#53361#Ghv0gh# hqwÃr/# lqÚphudv# shvvrdv# mÁ# uhdol}dudp# dv#surydv#qr#sdÍv/#frp#r#lqwxlwr#gh#rewhu#d#fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr1

Sru# vhu# frqvlghudgd# xpd# suryd# jhqÉulfd/#rx#vhmd/#txh#qÃr#whp#irfr#hp#qhqkxpd#glvwulexl0ÇÃr# hp# hvshfldo/# r# OSL# jdqkrx# ghvwdtxh# sdud#dydoldu# r# frqkhflphqwr# gr# surilvvlrqdo# hp# uhod0ÇÃr# dr# Olqx{# frpr# xp# wrgr# h# judqghv# hpsuh0vdv#gr#pxqgr#rshq#vrxufh#hvwÃr#yrowdgdv#sdud#dsrldu#r#surjudpd1

Sdud# uhdol}du# d# suryd# r# fdqglgdwr# ghyh# vh#lqvfuhyhu#qr#suÓsulr#vlwh#gr#OSL1#R#fdqglgdwr#gh0yhuÁ# ilfdu# dwhqwr# drv# fdohqgÁulrv# h# orfdlv# rqgh#dv#surydv#vhuÃr#uhdol}dgdv1

H{lvwhp#wuÊv#qÍyhlv#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#hplwlgrv#shor#r#OSL1#R#sulphlur#ghohv#É#yrowdgr#d#dgplqlv0wudgruhv# mÚqlru/#hqtxdqwr#r#vhjxqgr#É#sdud#sur0ilvvlrqdlv# dydqÇdgrv# h# r# whufhlur# whqgr# frpr#irfr#sulqflsdo# d# vhjxudqÇd#gr# vlvwhpd1#D# fhuwlil0fdÇÃr# OSL# whp#gxudÇÃr# gh# gh}# dqrv/#pxlwr# hp#frqwd#hp#uhodÇÃr#dv#ghpdlv1

Hqwuhwdqwr/# yÁuldv# rxwudv# hpsuhvdv# ghvhq0yroyhp# vxdv# Olqkdv# gh#Wuhlqdphqwrv#Rilfldlv# h#FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#hp#Olqx{/#frpr#É#r#fdvr#gd#Pdq0gulyd/# txh# qr# Eudvlo/# lqfrusrurx# h# dwxdol}rx# dv#FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#gd#Frqhfwlyd# +Eudvlohlud,#dsÓv#vxd#IxvÃr#frp#d#Pdqgudnhvriw#+Iudqfhvd,#hp#ihyh0uhlur# gh# 5338/# dwlqjlqgr# xpd#deudqjÊqfld# h# uh0frqkhflphqwr#hp#pdlv#gh#453#SdÍvhv1

R# phvpr# dfrqwhfhx# txdqgr# gd# frpsud#gd#GlvwulexlÇÃr#VxVH#Olqx{#hp#mdqhlur#gh#5337/#rqgh# d#Qryhoo# dqxqflrx# glyhuvrv# surjudpdv# gh#wuhlqdphqwr/#wdqwr#sdud#vhxv#folhqwhv#frpr#sdud#r# sÚeolfr# hp# jhudo/# whqgr# ghflglgr# fuldu# fxuvrv#suÓsulrv#h#suhsdudwÓulrv#sdud#rv#h{dphv#gr#OSL1#Rx#vhmd/#txhp#il}hu#r#wuhlqdphqwr#Qryhoo#uhfheh0uÁ# xp# fhuwlilfdgr# OSL/# pdv# wdpeÉp# kÁ# xp# xp#pÓgxor# h{wud# yrowdgr# Àv# vroxÇÕhv# Qryhoo# sdud#dpelhqwhv#Olqx{1

H#hvwd#dexqgÂqfld#gh#FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#sdud#Ol0qx{/#gÁ0vh#dr#idwr#gr#fuhvflphqwr#yhuwlfdo#gd#sod0




�79

wdirupd/# wdqwr# qd#dgrÇÃr#gr#Vlvwhpd#Rshudflr0qdo#h#vhxv#VhuylÇrv#qrv#dpelhqwhv#frusrudwlyrv/#txdqwr# qd# h{sorudÇÃr# gh# qrydv# whfqrorjldv# h#phufdgrv# edvhdgrv# qrv# sulqfÍslrv# h# uhfxuvrv#rihuhflgrv#sru#hvwh#Vlvwhpd1#Xp#rxwur#judqgh#h{0hpsor# glvvr/# É# r# surjudpd# gh# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# gd#Uhg#Kdw/#txh#É#xp#grv#pdlv#lpsruwdqwhv#gr#pxq0gr1#Hud#wdpeÉp#xp#grv#pdlv#gliÍfhlv#sdud#rv#eud0vlohlurv# rewhuhp/# h# lvvr# qÃr# hvwdyd# dshqdv#uhodflrqdgr#dr#judx#gh#h{ljÊqfld#gdv#surydv1

D#suryd#sdud#vh#rewhu#r#fhuwlilfdgr#UKFH#É#frpsrvwd# sru# wuÊv# hwdsdv=# qd# sulphlud# ghodv# d#pÁtxlqd#É#lqlfldgd#frp#dojxp#sureohpd#h#r#fdq0glgdwr#whp#gh#frqvhuwÁ0or#vhp#uhlqvwdodu#r#vlvwh0pd1# Uhvroylgr# r# sureohpd/# kÁ# 83# txhvwÕhv#hvshudqgr#hp# irupd#gh# whvwhv1#D# whufhlud#h#Úowl0pd#hwdsd#gr#h{dph#É#d#fuldÇÃr#gh#vhuylgruhv1#

Vlvwhpdv#Ihfkdgrv#2#SursulhwÁulrv=

H{lvwhp# lqÚphudv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#sdud# whfqr0orjldv# h# dpelhqwhv# ihfkdgrv# +sursulhwÁulrv,/# dv#txdlv#srghp#frqihulu#dr#surilvvlrqdo#frqkhflphq0wrv# hvshfÍilfrv# hp# xpd# gdgd# whfqrorjld# h2rx#hp#xpd#ghwhuplqdgd#kdelolgdgh#wÉfqlfd1#

Frpr# h{hpsor/# srgh0vh# flwdu/# dv# fhuwlilfd0ÇÕhv# gd# Rudfoh# sdud# vhx# Edqfr# gh# Gdgrv#+RFD># RFS# h# RFP,/# d# Flvfr# sdud# vxdv# vrox0ÇÕhv# whfqroÓjlfdv# h# gh# lqiudhvwuxwxud# +FFLH/#FFQS/# FFQG/# FFQD/# FFGD,/# d# LEP# sdud# vhx#h{whqvr#h#ydvwr#frqmxqwr#gh#VroxÇÕhv#h#htxlsd0phqwrv# +Wlyrol/#VRD/#ZhqVskhuh,/# doÉp#gh# lqÚ0phudv# rxwudv# Frpsdqkldv# txh# wdpeÉp#glvsrqlelol}dp#vxdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv1

Sruwdqwr/#vhmd#txdo#iru#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#sohlwhd0gd/#rx#dlqgd/#fdvr#qÃr#whqkd#shqvdgr#qhod/#wud0jr#À#uhioh{Ãr#h#vlqdol}r#txh#vh#whqkd#vhpsuh#hp#phqwh/# txh# hp# dojxp#prphqwr/# vhuÁ# qhfhvvÁ0ulr#r# frqkhflphqwr# frpsohwr#h#d#kdelolgdgh#hv0shfÍilfd# sdud# r# ghvhqyroylphqwr# gh# xpd#ghwhuplqdgd#wduhid1##Orjr/#vh#r#remhwlyr#É#wruqdu0vh#xp#surilvvlrqdo#frpsohwr#frp#ghvwdtxh/#qÃr#srgh#vhtxhu#wlwxehdu#hp#qÃr#rewhu#vxd#fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr1


MRV©#DOH[DQGUH#PDWRV#YLDQD#É#WhfqÓorjr#hp#Surfhvvdphqwr#gh#Gdgrv/#hvshfldolvwd#hp#Uhghv#gh#Frpsxwdgruhv1#Dwxd#qd#Áuhd#gh#WL#d#pdlv#gh#4;#dqrv1#Frqvxowru#hp#WLF#frp#Êqidvh#hp#VroxÇÕhv#gh#Lqwhurshudelolgdgh/#Dqdolvwd#gh#Vxsruwh#h#Dqdolvwd#gh#Vlvwhpdv1#Gluhwru#gd#Yluwxdoolqn#Frqvxowruld1



http://www.softwarepublico.gov.br/ii-encontro-spb

Hvvh#duwljr#vhuÁ#sroÊplfr/#vhl#glvvr1#Vrx#frqwud#r#phufdgr#gh#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#txh#eruexokd#h#hvsxpd#hp#qrvvd#Áuhd#gh#WL1#©#frpr#gl}hp#dtxl#qrv#sdpsdv#vxo0ulr0judqghqvhv/#%©#suhihuÍyho#fdqwdu#ghvdilqdgr#d#fkrudu#dilqdgr%1#Whqkr#h{solfdÇÕhv#d#hqxqfldu/#ghvgh#dv#ilorvÓilfdv#dwÉ#dv#suÁwlfdv1#H#gh#pdqhlud#vxusuhhqghqwh/#yrfÊ#vhuÁ#frqyhqflgr#shodv#plqkdv#sdodyudv#h#vh#frpsruwduÁ#h{dwdphqwh#dr#frqwuÁulr#gr#txh#uhfrphqgr1#Hvvd#É#d#ylgd#frpr#hod#É1

�7:

Sru#Urehuwr#Frkhq


FhuwlilfdÇÕhv#vÃr#frqwud#xp#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh

FFDDSSDD##��##FFHHUUWWLLIILLFFDD§§µµHHVV##VV££RR##FFRRQQWWUUDD##XXPP##HHVVSSUULLWWRR##OOLLYYUUHH


�7;

Surilvvlrqdo#frpr#phufdgruld

Ydprv# drv# dujxphqwrv1# Lqlflr# sru#]|jpxqw# Edxpdq/# xp# vrflÓorjr# srorqÊv#edvwdqwh# uhfrqkhflgr# hp# vxd# Áuhd/# txh# É# r#hvwxgr#flhqwÍilfr#gdv#vrflhgdghv#kxpdqdv1#Frp#pdlv# gh# gh}hvvhlv# reudv# hvfulwdv/# hqwuh# hodv#Prghuqlgdgh# oÍtxlgd/# Ylgd# oÍtxlgd# h# rxwudv#wdqwdv/#xpd#ghodv#hp#hvshfldo#frqwÉp#whpd#txh#qrv# lqwhuhvvd=# Ylgd# sdud# frqvxpr/# d#wudqvirupdÇÃr# gdv# shvvrdv# hp# phufdgruld1##Suhflvdprv# frqvxplu# sdud# qrv# lqwhjuduprv# d#juxsrv# vrfldlv# rx# hfrqÔplfrv# +r# juxsr# grv#fhuwlilfdgrvB,1# Xp# h{fhuwr# gr# olyur=# %111# É#

+suhflvr,# vdlu# ghvvd# lqylvlelolgdgh# h#

lpdwhuldolgdgh#flq}d#h#prqÓwrqd/#ghvwdfdqgr0vh#

gd#pdvvd#gh#remhwrv#lqglvwlqjxÍyhlv%1

QÃr# yrx# ph# surorqjdu/# dwdokr# orjr# d#h{sodqdÇÃr# h# frorfr# gh# lphgldwr# r# ghgr# qd#ihulgd=# gh# pdqhlud# vxusuhhqghqwh/# rv# wÉfqlfrv#qÃr#hvwÃr#vh#fhuwlilfdqgr#sdud#dsuhqghu#pdlv1#R#remhwlyr#É#rvwhqwdu#phgdokdv#txh#srvvdp#wruqÁ0orv# pdlv# dwudwlyrv# dr# vhx# frqvxplgru=# r#uhfuxwdgru1# Srlv# É111# Xp# pdutxhwhlur# idprvr/#Vhwk# Jrglq/# hvfuhyhx# r# olyur# Ydfd# Ur{d# frp#xpd# lghld# edfdqd=# yrfÊ# suhflvd# vh# glihuhqfldu#gdv# pdvvdv# sdud# vhu# qrwdgr1# H# frqyhqkdprv/#qdgd# pdlv# glihuhqwh/# vhjxqgr# hoh/# gr# txh# xpd#ydfd# ur{d# hp# xp# uhedqkr# gh# suhwdv/# eudqfdv/#pdokdgdv#h#pduurqv1#

Dsuryhlwdqgr# d# ghl{d=# qÃr# É# d# srvvh# gh#xp#fhuwlilfdgr#txh#id}#yrfÊ#VHU#glihuhqwh1#Vhwk#qÃr# hvwlpxod# d# glvwlqÇÃr# edvhdgd# qdv#dsduÊqfldv/#pdv#uhdophqwh#hp#id}hu#glihuhqwh$

Fhuwr/# yrfÊ# srgh# qÃr# whu# dfhlwdgr# phx#sulphlur# dujxphqwr1# YrfÊ# qÃr# vh# dfkd# xpd#phufdgruld# +rx# dfkd,# h# mxojd# txh# r#phufdgr# É#

lvvr# phvpr/# txh# d# shvvrd# suhflvd# vh#glihuhqfldu#grv#rxwurv#gh#txdotxhu#mhlwr1#

Olyuh0dueÍwulr#sdud#r#vhohflrqdgru

RN/#ydprv#d#xp#vhjxqgr#duud}rdgr1#

R# iloÓvrir# Oxf# Ihuu|# hp# vhx# olyur#Dsuhqghqgr# d# Ylyhu# glvfruuh# vreuh# frpr# ohydu#xpd# ylgd# erd1# Qhoh# ghvwdfd# dtxhoh# txh# É# xp#grv# pdufrv# edvloduhv# gr# fulvwldqlvpr=# r#urpslphqwr# frp# dv# lghldv# dulvwrfuÁwlfdv# gd#JuÉfld#h#Urpd#h#r#vxujlphqwr#gd# wÃr#didpdgd#olehugdgh# gh# hvfrokd/# r# %olyuh# dueÍwulr%1# Dqwhv/#wxgr# hud# ghflglgr# shod# wxupd# gr# Rolpsr# +xpd#srped# eudqfd# rx# xp# fruyr# qhjur# hudp# %vlqdlv#grv# ghxvhv%,# rx# shorv# dulvwrfudwdv/# ehp#qdvflgrv# h# ulfrv1# Djrud# 0# vre# d# Ówlfd# gr#fulvwldqlvpr# 0# r# vxmhlwr# ghflgh# vxdv# dÇÕhv1# H#reyldphqwh# dufd# frp# vxdv# frqvhtxÊqfldv/#vhmdp# srvlwlydv# rx# qhjdwlydv1# Pdv# qÃr# sÕh# d#fxosd# qr# ghvwlqr# rx# qdv# Prludv# +dtxhodv# txh#ghilqldp#r#dfrqwhfld#frp#fdgd#xp#qd#plwrorjld#juhjd,1

Jhqwh/# vh# hvvh# wdo# %hvsÍulwr# olyuh%# yhp# gh#wÃr# orqjh# +pdlv# gh# 51333# dqrv,/# sru# txh#uhfuxwdgruhv# h# vhohflrqdgruhv# ghohjdp# d#whufhlurv# +rv# fhuwlilfdgruhv,# d# uhvsrqvdelolgdgh#hp#ghilqlu#txdo#fdqglgdwr#É#erp#rx#qÃrB#

Vh# qr# ilqdo# gdv# frqwdv/# d# erped# sru# xpd#pÁ# vhohÇÃr# ydl# hvwrxudu# qr# vhx# fror/# gh# txh#dgldqwd# ydorul}du# h{djhudgdphqwh# xp#fhuwlilfdgr# frqtxlvwdgr# dsÓv# wuÊv# gldv# gh# dxodB#Vh# r# vxmhlwr# qxqfd# dgrwrx# r# frqkhflphqwr# hp#vhx# wudedokr# +dolÁv/# vh# qxqfd# wudedokrx,/# rx# vh#whp#frpsruwdphqwr#uxlp#rx#vh111#Rx#vh111#

Txdo# d# xwlolgdgh# gd# fhuwlilfdÇÃrB# Wdoyh}#


FDSD#�#FHUWLILFD§µHV#V£R#FRQWUD#XP#HVSULWR#OLYUH



�7<

pdvfdudu# d# frpshwÊqfld# gh# dojxÉp1# Rx#hpedudokdu# dlqgd# pdlv# r# surfhvvr# gh# hvfrokd#qd# phglgd# hp# txh# r# vhohflrqdgru# qÃr# dwulexl#shvrv# dghtxdgrv# Àv# fdudfwhuÍvwlfdv# gr#fdqglgdwr/# gdqgr# lpsruwÂqfld# h{djhudgd# d# xp#lwhp# vhfxqgÁulr# +dtxlor# txh# r# Pxwoh|# gr# Glfn#Yljdulvwd# wdqwr# txhuld=# %0# phgdokd/# phgdokd/#phgdokd1%,1

FÍufxor#ylflrvr

R#judqgh#hqurvfr#hp#wrgd#hvvd#vlwxdÇÃr#É#r#fÍufxor#ylflrvr#txh#vh#hvwdehohfh1#

Qd# Ówlfd# gr# vhohflrqdgru=# erd# pÃr# gh#reud# É# gliÍflo# gh# hqfrqwudu1# Rv# jhvwruhv# qÃr#glvsÕhp# gh# pxlwr# whpsr# sdud# wdo# surfhvvr/#suhflvdp# surgx}lu# h# uhdol}du# rxwudv# wduhidv1#HqwÃr# hqfxuwdp# vxd# wduhid# frqildqgr# hp#fkdyÕhv#dfhlwrv#shor#phufdgr#+fhuwlilfdÇÃr,1#

QÃr# whqkr# gÚylgd# txh# dv# hpsuhvdv# gh#wuhlqdphqwr# h# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# sursxovlrqdp# hvvd#lghld# d# plo/# surfodpdqgr# txh/# qr# pÍqlpr/# r#vxmhlwr# fhuwlilfdgr# %frqkhfh%# r# whpd# qr# txdo#uhfhehx# r# glsorpd1# DoÉp# gh# surpryhuhp#h{fhvvrv# frpr# dilupdu# txh# xpd# shvvrd#fhuwlilfdgd# É# dojxÉp# txh=# pxgd# vxd# suÓsuld#ylvÃr# surilvvlrqdo># txh# dshuihlÇrd# uhfxuvrv># txh#frpsuhhqgh# r# irfr# gr# qhjÓflr># txh# vxdv#kdelolgdghv# dxphqwdp# 0# ghvhqyroyh/# wdoyh}/# r#frqkhflphqwr/# qÃr# d# kdelolgdgh># qÃr# É# sru# txh#il}#xp#fxuvr#gh#frqvwuxÇÃr#gh#edufrv#ghqwur#gh#xpd#vdod#txh#hx#vhl#frqvwuxlu#xp#0#h#dvvlp#sru#gldqwh1

Qd# Ówlfd# gh# dojxÉp# txh# exvfd# d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr=#%0#R#phufdgr#h{ljh%#É#r#sulphlur#h#sÍilr# dujxphqwr1# QÃr# É# ehp# dvvlp1#R#phufdgr#

suhflvd# gh# jhqwh# frpshwhqwh# txh# idÇd# d# frlvd#dfrqwhfhu1#

Rxwurv# hp# exvfd# gh# vxd# glihuhqfldÇÃr#gl}hp# txh# dxphqwd# r# qhwzrunlqj# hqwuh# rv#fhuwlilfdgrv# +r# foxeh# grv111,1# Eredjhp/# dojxÉp#frp# erp0vhqvr# h# sduwlflsdqgr# gh# xpd# olvwd# rx#iÓuxp# gh# glvfxvvÃr# dxphqwd# vhx#uhodflrqdphqwr# pxlwr# pdlv# uÁslgr# gr# txh# xpd#dvvlqdwxud# gh# h0pdlo# frp# 43# olqkdv# gh#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv1#

UhfrphqgdÇÕhv

Vhohflrqdgru/# shvtxlvh# r# sdvvdgr# gr#fdqglgdwr1# Yhmd# vh# hoh# uhdophqwh# srvvxl# dv#frpshwÊqfldv# qhfhvvÁuldv# sdud# r# fdujr# d# vhu#suhhqfklgr1#©#dol#txh#hvwÁ#r#%vhjuhgr#gd#frurd%1

Fdqglgdwr/# ydorul}h# vxdv# frpshwÊqfldv# h#dv# ghvhqyroyd1# Qr# gld# d# gld/# yrfÊ# qhp# vh#ohpeuduÁ# gr# vhx# fhuwlilfdgr/# pdv# vlp# gdv#h{shulÊqfldv/# kdelolgdghv# h# frpsruwdphqwrv#frqtxlvwdgrv# gxudqwh# rv# surmhwrv# ehp# h#pdovxfhglgrv1#Hohv#É#txh#irupdp#vhx#uhdo#ydoru1

Ydprv# qrv# olehuwdu# ghvvh# fÍufxor# ylflrvr# h#hqfrudmdu#xp#hvsÍulwr#olyuh#gdv#dpduudv#h#uÓwxorv#frphufldlv1

UREHUWR#FRKHQ#É#hvshfldolvwd#hp#Khos#Ghvn#2#Vhuylfh#Ghvn#2#Vxssruw#Fhqwhu/#uhdol}d#wuhlqdphqwr/#frqvxowruld#h#sdohvwudv#qd#whpÁwlfd1#Dwxd#qd#Áuhd#gh#vxsruwh#kÁ#58#dqrv#h#wuhlqrx#pdlv#gh#flqfr#fhqwhqdv#gh#surilvvlrqdlv#qrv#Úowlprv#txdwur#dqrv1#©#dxwru#gr#olyur#%LpsodqwdÇÃr#gh#Khos#Ghvn#h#Vhuylfh#Ghvn%/#shod#Hglwrud#Qrydwhf1


FDSD#�#FHUWLILFD§µHV#V£R#FRQWUD#XP#HVSULWR#OLYUH


http://www.hostgator.com.br

Uhvroyl# hvfuhyhu# hvwdv# olqkdv# sru# txh# r#phufdgr# gh#WL# vh#prvwud# sdud#pxlwdv# shvvrdv/#sulqflsdophqwh# sdud# rv# pdlv# qryrv/# frpr# dojr#pxlwr# idvflqdqwh/# gh# ilfÇÃr# flhqwÍilfd# phvpr/#frp# pxlwdv# rsruwxqlgdghv# h/# sulqflsdophqwh/#frp# rsruwxqlgdghv# gh# jdqkrv# dflpd# gd# pÉgld#sdud# txhp# txhlud# qhoh# vh# dyhqwxudu1# H# xp# grv#hohphqwrv# ghvwh# phufdgr# txh# jdqkd# iruÇd# gld#dsÓv# gld# É# r# txh# vh# frqyhqflrqrx# fkdpdu# gh#fhuwlilfdÇÃr1

Srlv#ehp/#hp#sulphlur# oxjdu/#r#txh#É#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃrB

Xpd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr# É# xp# shgdÇr# gh# sdsho#hplwlgr#sru#xp#hpsuhvd#fxmr#vljqlilfdgr#É#r#gh#txh#r# sruwdgru# ghoh# +rx#gd# lghqwlgdgh#txh#hvwÁ#hvfulwd#qhoh,#hvwÁ#dswr#d# olgdu# +qd# idowd#gh#yhuer#phokru,#frp#dtxhoh#surgxwr2vhuylÇr1

Yhmd#ehp#rv#hohphqwrv#txh#hvwÃr#hp#mrjr#hp# xpd# fhuwlilfdÇÃr=# xpd# hpsuhvd/# xp# surgx0

�83

Sru#Pdufrv#YlqÍflxv#EudqgÃr#Vrduhv


Dv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#h#r#sulqfÍslr#gd#revrohvfÊqfld#surjudpdgd

FDSD#�#DV#FHUWLILFD§µHV#H#R#SULQFSLR#GD#REVROHVFªQFLD#SURJUDPDGD


�84

wr2vhuylÇr#h#xpd#frpshwÊqfld/#rv#wuÊv#iruwhphq0wh#uhodflrqdgrv#hqwuh#vl1

D#sulphlud#shujxqwd#txh#yhp#À#phqwh#txdq0gr#ph#ghsdur#frp#wdlv#fdudfwhuÍvwlfdv#É#r#sud}r#gh#ydolgdgh#txh#whp#xpd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr1#Vlp/#srlv#whfqrorjldv# pxgdp# hp# dowd# yhorflgdgh# h# vh# d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#hvwÁ#suhvd#d#xp#surgxwr2vhuylÇr#h#À#frpshwÊqfld#hp#txh#d#shvvrd#txh# irl# fhuwlilfd0gd# frp# uhodÇÃr# dr# surgxwr2vhuylÇr/# qr# lqvwdqwh#hp#txh#r#surgxwr2vhuylÇr#irl#ghvfduwdgr#gr#phu0fdgr/#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#wdpeÉp#vriuh#r#phvpr#ghvwl0qr1# H# d# frpshwÊqfld# wdpeÉp# +frp# ududv#h{fhÇÕhv/#frpr#rv#surjudpdgruhv#FRERO,1

D#vhjxqgd#É#d#pdqhlud#frpr#hvwd#fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr#É#rewlgd1#Ydprv# oÁ=#hpsuhvdv#h{lvwhp#sdud#oxfudu/# fruuhwrB# Sdud# dv# hpsuhvdv# txh# yhqghp#rv#htxlsdphqwrv/#r# lqwhuhvvdqwh#É#txh#r#qÚph0ur#gh#shvvrdv#txh#whqkdp#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#gdtxh0oh# htxlsdphqwr# vhmd# r# pÁ{lpr# srvvÍyho/# srlv#frp#lvvr#h{lvwhp#pdlv#surilvvlrqdlv#sdud#gdu#vx0sruwh#h#lqglfÁ0or#+dxphqwdqgr#dv#yhqgdv#lqgluhwd0phqwh,1# Rx# vhmd/# r# frqwuroh# gh# txdolgdgh# gdv#fhuwlilfdÇÕhv#É#dojr#txhvwlrqÁyho/#fruuhwrB

D#whufhlud/#hvwd#dwuhodgd#À#vhjxqgd#h#dlqgd#pdlv#devxugd#dr#phx#yhu=#r#fhuwlilfdqgr#+d#shv0vrd#txh#wlud#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr,#whp#txh#sdjdu#sdud#id0}hu# r# fxuvr# h# wludu# r# fhuwlilfdgr1# Rx# vhmd/# d#hpsuhvd# txh# iruqhfh# r# surgxwr2vhuylÇr# jdqkd#qr# surgxwr2vhuylÇr/# qr# wuhlqdphqwr/# qd# fhuwlilfd0ÇÃr/#hp#wxgr1#H#txdqgr#r#surgxwr2vhuylÇr#É#uhwl0udgr#gr#phufdgr/#d#suÓsuld#hpsuhvd#h{shgh#xp#frpxqlfdgr# gl}hqgr# txh# dtxhod# fhuwlilfdÇÃr#qÃr#É#pdlv#yÁolgd#h#txh#txhp#hvwlyhu# lqwhuhvvd0gr#ghyh#wludu#d#qryd#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#gr#qryr#surgx0

wr2vhuylÇr/#rx#vhmd/#dgtxlulu#qrydv#frpshwÊqfldv1

H#dÍ#vh#ihfkd#r#flfor#gd#revrohvfÊqfld#sur0judpdgd1#D#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#whp#r#whpsr#gh#ylgd#gr#surgxwr2vhuylÇr1

©#sru#lvvr#txh#hx#dlqgd#vrx#d#idyru#gr#yh0okr#glsorpd/#vhmd#gh#fxuvr#wÉfqlfr/#vhmd#gh#fxuvr#vxshulru1# WdpeÉp# É# xp# shgdÇr# gh# sdsho/# pdv#dwhvwd#qÃr#vrphqwh#d#frpshwÊqfld#sdud#xp#gh0whuplqdgr# surgxwr2vhuylÇr# gh# xpd# ghwhuplqdgd#hpsuhvd# txh# h{lvwluÁ# gxudqwh# xp# ghwhuplqdgr#whpsr/#pdv#d#frpshwÊqfld#sdud#DSUHQGHU#vr0euh#txdotxhu#surgxwr2vhuylÇr#gh#txdotxhu#hpsuh0vd#hp#txdotxhu#whpsr1#H#glsorpdv#qÃr#wÊp#gdwd#gh#ydolgdgh1

Hp#uhvxpr/#d#fhuwlilfdÇÃr#srgh#vhu#r#dfhv0vÓulr/#pdv#qxqfd#r#sulqflsdo/#rnB

PDUFXV#YLQFLXV#EUDQG£R#VRDUHV#É#surihvvru#olfhqfldgr#gd#Xqlfdulrfd#+kwws=22zzz1xqlfdulrfd1eu,1#Phvwuh#h#Grxwrudqgr#hp#Hqjhqkduld#gh#Vlvwhpdv#h#FrpsxwdÇÃr#shod#FRSSH0Vlvwhpdv2XIUM#+kwws=22zzz1frv1xium1eu,1

FDSD#�#DV#FHUWLILFD§µHV#H#R#SULQFSLR#GD#REVROHVFªQFLD#SURJUDPDGD



www.solisc.org.br

http://meganao.wordpress.com

NlfnvwduwLqvwdodÇÃr uhprwd dvvlvwlgdSru Mxoldq Olpd Qdvflphqwr

�86Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

D lqvwdodÇÃr gh vlvwhpdv rshudflrqdlvJQX2Olqx{/ srgh vhu ihlwd dwudyÉv gd uhghxwlol}dqgr r S[H qd lqlfldol}dÇÃr gd pÁtxlqdfolhqwh1

Frp hvwd rsÇÃr/ d shvvrd srghuÁ lqvwdodutxdqwdv pÁtxlqdv iruhp suhflvrv gh xpd Úqlfdyh} h whu xp phqx frp rxwurv vlvwhpdvrshudflrqdlv d vhuhp lqvwdodgrv sdud djlol}du rsurfhvvr gh pljudÇÃr rx uhpdqhmdphqwr ghfrpsxwdgruhv1 H{solfduhl hp ghwdokhv pdlvdgldqwh1

R vhuylgru gh lqvwdodÇÃr dvvlvwlgd srgh vhu=IÍvlfd rx Yluwxdo/ hqwÃr frphÇduhprv frp dlqvwdodÇÃr sursuldphqwh glwd1

WXWRULDO � NLFNVWDUW LQVWDOD§£R UHPRWD DVVLVWLGD

zzz1v

{f1kx



4 0 Lqvwdodu r FhqwRV rx UhgKdwDqwhv gh lqvwdodu r vlvwhpd rshudflrqdo/ É

pxlwr lpsruwdqwh txh vdled fuldu rvsduwlflrqdphqwrv gh irupd fruuhwd/ uhvhuydqgrsulqflsdophqwh d sduwlÇÃr rqgh ilfduÁ wrgrv rvdutxlyrv gh lqvwdodÇÃr gr vlvwhpd rshudflrqdoolqx{1 Ghilqd xp LS il{r/ sdud txh qÃr gÊsureohpdv frp r dutxlyr gh frqiljxudÇÃrGKFSG/ hqwhqghuÁ r sru txh É suhflvr ghl{du rls il{r qr wÓslfr 61

Lqvwdoh rv sdfrwhv KWWS/ WIWS h GKFSGgxudqwh d hvfrokd grv sdfrwhv qr prphqwr gdlqvwdodÇÃr rx vh suhihulu/ sÓv lqvwdodÇÃr1

5 0 Dwlydu r vhuylÇr KWWS h GKFSGSru sdguÃr r vhuylÇr KWWS É pdqwlgr frpr

dwlyr/ pdv fdvr txhlud ghvdwlydu dojxqv vhuylÇrvwlsr eoxhwrrwk h rxwurv txh qÃr whqkd d qhfhvvlgdghgh pdqwÊ0orv dwlyrv/ h{hfxwh r frpdqgr qwv|vy hghilqd rv vhuylÇrv dr vhx prgr1

Fdvr rv vhuylÇrv vlwdgrv qhvwh wÓslfrhvwhmdp ghvdwlydgrv/ vhuÁ qhfhvvÁulr txh rvdwlyh/ vhqÃr r Nlfnvwduw qÃr luÁ ixqflrqdu1

Fulh xp gluhwÓulr ghqwur gh2ydu2zzz2kwpo2sxe2fhqwrv/ ghqwur ghoh/ mrjxhwrgr r frqwhÚgr gr fg sud ghqwur ghoh/ qÃrhvtxhÇd txh qr wÓslfr 7/ yrfÊ suhflvduÁ xwlol}duhvvh fdplqkr sud lqvhulu qr dutxlyr nv1fij1

6 0 Frqiljxudu r GKFSGD h{hfxÇÃr h frqiljxudÇÃr ghvwh vhuylÇr É

r pdlv lpsruwdqwh gr txh r KWWSG/ srutxh Éfrp hoh txh rv krvwv folhqwhv luÃr rewhu xp lssdud srghu fkhjdu dr kwws1

Dsduwlu gh djrud luhprv frqiljxudu rvhuylÇr GKFSG/ sdud wdo hglwduhprv r dutxlyr2hwf2gkfsg1frqi1

FrqwhÚgr gr dutxlyr=

&

& GKFS Vhuyhu Frqiljxudwlrq iloh1

& vhh 2xvu2vkduh2grf2gkfs-2gkfsg1frqi1vdpsoh

&

doorz errwlqj>

doorz errws>

rswlrq grpdlq0qdph %ode1frp%> &© xp qrph gh grplqlr vxjhvwlyr/ d hvfrokd É vxd$

ghidxow0ohdvh0wlph 47733>

ggqv0xsgdwh0vw|oh qrqh>

rswlrq grpdlq0qdph0vhuyhuv 4<5149;141433> &Ls gr gqv/ fdvr qÃr whqkd/ pdqwhqkd hvvh1

Qh{w0vhuyhu 4<5149;141583> &Ls gr suÓsulr vhuylgru rqgh hvwd vhqgr frqiljxudgr r nlfnvwduw1

ilohqdph %s{holqx{13%>

vxeqhw 4<5149;1413 qhwpdvn 5881588158813 ~ &Dowhuh d vxeuhgh h d pÁvfdud/ fdvr pxgh d

idl{d gh LS gr vhuylgru1

rswlrq urxwhuv 4<5149;14143> &Dowhuh r LS gr urwhdgru/ fdvr suhflvh1

rswlrq eurdgfdvw0dgguhvv 4<5149;141588> &HqghuhÇr eurdgfdvw1

Udqjh 4319814<1533 4319814<1563> &Ghilqd d olplwdÇÃr gh LSV d vhuhp iruqhflgrv/ qhvwh

fdvr/ gduhprv 63 lsv sdud dv pÁtxlqdv folhqwhv1

Ghidxow0ohdvh0wlph 47733> &Olplwh gh whpsr sdud d hvfrokd gr PHQX/ qÃr É suhflvr vhu

dowhudgr1

pd{0ohdvh0wlph 4:5;33>

�



Yhulfdqgr vh r vhuylÇr hvwÁ vhqgrh{hfxwdgr gh irupd fruuhwd=

7 0 Fuldqgr dutxlyrv gh uhvsrvwd NVFrpr prghor luhprv fuldu xp gluhwÓulr

ghqwur gh 2ydu2zzz2kwpo frp r qrph ghnlfnvwduw +srgh vxjhulu xp rxwur qrph,1Yhuliltxhvh r sdfrwh nlfnvwduw/ hvwÁ lqvwdodgr qr vhuylgru=

Fdvr hvwhmd lqvwdodgr/ deud xp whuplqdo hgljlwh r vhjxlqwh frpdqgr= v|vwhp0frqilj0nlfnvwduw/ deuluÁ xpd mdqhod frp wrgdv dvfrqiljxudÇÕhv hp txh r vlvwhpd rshudflrqdouhdol}du qrupdophqwh/ prqwh d hvwuxwxud txhfrqyÉp h judyh r dutxlyr frp d h{whqvÃr nv1fij+srgh vxjhulu xp rxwur qrph, ghqwur gr gluhwÓulr2ydu2zzz2kwpo2nlfnvwduw1

8 0 Frqiljxudqgr d Lqlfldol}dÇÃrUhprwd

Qr Fhqwrv h UhgKdw r gluhwÓulr gr WIWS Éorfdol}dgr hp 2wiwerrw/ pdv fdvr qÃr hvwhmdvdwlvihlwr frp r sdguÃr/ dowhuh r dutxlyr ghfrqiljxudÇÃr= %2hwf2{lqhwg1g2wiws%1

Fdvr qÃr h{lvwd r gluhwÓulr s{holqx{1fijghqwur 2wiwerrw/ hqwÃr fulh ghvwd irupd=

Prqwh r fgurp gd glvwulexlÇÃr txh txhludlqvwdodu qdv pÁtxlqdv folhqwhv h hqwuh qrgluhwÓulr/ LVROLQX[ h frslh r dutxlyrlvrolqx{1fij sdud 2wiwserrw2s{holqx{1fij21

Hp vhjxlgd uhqrphlh r dutxlyr lvrolqx{1fij

sdud ghidxow1

Frslh rv dutxlyrv ypolqx}/ lqlwug1lpj h

errw1pvj txh hvwÃr qr gluhwÓulr lvrolqx{ gr fg

sdud= 2wiwserrw2

9 0 Frqiljxudqgr d LqvwdodÇÃrHglwh r dutxlyr

2wiwserrw2s{holqx{1fij2ghidxow/ gd vhjxlqwhpdqhlud=

: 0 FrqvlghudÇÕhv IlqdlvDsÓv whu ihlwr wrgr hvvh surfhvvr dflpd/ r

dpelhqwh gh vhuylgru gh lqvwdodÇÃr uhprwd hvwÁdswr sdud iruqhfhu LS/ vh frpxqlfdu frp r krvwfolhqwh h lqvwdodu gd irupd txh irl jhudgr rdutxlyr NV1

Qd suÓ{lpd hglÇÃr h{solfduhl gh irupdvxflqwd d lqvwdodÇÃr gh glvwulexlÇÕhv yduldgdv sruphlr gr S[H/ xwlol}dqgr Phqx frp rsÇÕhv ghhvfrokd1


MXOLDQ OLPD QDVFLPHQWR É Dqdolvwd ghVlvwhpd Olqx{/ irupdgr hp LqirupÁwlfdLqgxvwuldo +FHIHW0Vhujlsh, h JhvwÃr ghWhfqrorjld gd LqirupdÇÃr +IDQHVH,1kwws=22eu1olqnhglq1frp2lq2mxoldqolpd

vhuylfh gkfsg uhvwduw

Ghvoljdqgr r gkfsg= ^RN `

Lqlfldqgr gkfsg= ^ RN `

usp 0td � juhs 0l nlfnvwduw

pnglu 2wiwserrw2s{holqx{1fij

ghidxow 4

surpsw 4

wlphrxw 933

glvsod| errw1pvj

I4 errw1pvj

I5 rswlrqv1pvj

I6 jhqhudo1pvj

I7 sdudp1pvj

I8 uhvfxh1pvj

odeho 4

nhuqho ypolqx}

dsshqg lqlwug@lqlwug1lpj qhwzrun_

nv@kwws=224<5149;1415832nlfnvwduw2nv1

fij




Dqwhv/ r dpelhqwh gh dojxpdv hpsuhvdv fr0qkhfhx rv surwrfrorv gd uhgh Qryhoo/ GhfQHW/ LEPQhwEhxl h glyhuvdv yhuvÕhv gr Plfurvriw Zlqgrzv/txh vhpsuh shuplwludp frpsduwlokdu dutxlyrv h gl0uhwÓulrv shod uhgh1 Wdoyh} yrfÊ vh shujxqwrx= %0Suhflvr phvpr sdjdu sru lvvrB VhuÁ txh h{lvwhxpd vroxÇÃr dowhuqdwlydB% Vhp gÚylgdv/ yrfÊ xpgld mÁ shqvrx hp lqvwdodu r Zlqgrzv sdud fuldufrpsduwlokdphqwrv qd uhgh/ dfkdqgr txh rJQX2Olqx{ h r Xql{ vrphqwh srghuld wh iruqhfhurxwudv vroxÇÕhv1 Qd yhugdgh/ gd phvpd pdqhludfrpr yrfÊ glvwulexl hvvdv irupdv gh frpsduwlokd0phqwr oÁ qr Zlqgrzv shor surwrfror FLIV/ dvvlpwdpeÉp É qr JQX2Olqx{1 Gd phvpd pdqhlud fr0pr hohv wdpeÉp rihuhfhp dwudyÉv gh ihuudphqwdv/vxsruwh dr surwrfror QIV1 Ydoh ohpeudu txh rJQX2Olqx{ É frpsohwr/ mÁ yhp frp iluhzdoo h vhjx0udqÇd qdwlyd qr nhuqho/ vxsruwh d DFOv h wrgd lqiud0hvwuxwxud gr vhx vlvwhpd gh dutxlyrv/ doÉp gdfrqildqÇd sdud wudedokdu frp uhghv1

WXWRULDO � VDPED QR XEXQWX

Vdped qr Xexqwx=frpsduwlokdphqwr gh dutxlyrv hgluhwÓulrv shod uhghSru DsuÍjlr VlpÕhv


�8:Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

D qhfhvvlgdgh gh frpsduwlokdu dutxlyrv/ gl0uhwÓulrv/ lpsuhvvrudv h rxwurv glvsrvlwlyrv qrJQX2Olqx{ h ghulydÇÕhv gr XQL[/ prwlyrx gh0vhqyroyhgruhv d fuldu vhxv suÓsulrv pÉwrgrvdwudyÉv gh hqjhqkduld uhyhuvd sdud ghvfreulu fr0pr wxgr ixqflrqd1

R VDPED qdvfhx kÁ pxlwr whpsr h whyh rvhx fÓgljr sxeolfdgr wrwdophqwh hp 4<<5 sdud rVrodulv/ sdud vh lqwhjudu frp r PVGRV h dv sul0phludv yhuvÕhv gr Zlqgrzv1 Hoh srvvxl xpd fd0udfwhuÍvwlfd pxlwr dsursuldgd sdud dlqwhurshudelolgdgh gh glvwulexlÇÃr h frpsduwlokd0phqwr gh dutxlyrv qd uhgh1 YrfÊ srgh hqfrqwudud klvwruld gr vhx ghvhqyroylphqwr qr vlwhkwws=22zzz1u{q1frp2vhuylfhv2idt2vpe2vdped1klv0wru|1w{w/ Lpdjlqh yrfÊ whu xp vhuylgru JQX2Olqx{txh dwudyÉv gr Vdped É srvvÍyho frpsduwlokdu du0txlyrv h gluhwÓulrv sdud folhqwhv Zlqgrzv frprvh r vhuylgru irvvh r suÓsulr Zlqgrzv Vhuyhu1

R VDPED lqlfldophqwh dwudyÉv gd fdpdgdgh vlvwhpd gh dutxlyrv gh uhgh gr nhuqhoJQX2Olqx{/ vxsruwdyd vrphqwh r VPE dvvÍqfur0qr sdud %vhuyhu phvvdjh eorfn%1 Pdlv wdugh yhlrd vroxÇÃr ghilqlwlyd frp dv yhuvÕhv gr FLIV+Frpprq Lqwhuqhw Iloh V|vwhp,/ surwrfror xwlol}d0gr qd frpxqlfdÇÃr qr vlvwhpdv Zlqgrzv h dyhuvÃr pdlv prghuqlqkd h wudedokdgd gr VPE/txh jhuhqfld rv sdfrwhv gh irupd fhqwudol}dgd hqÃr ghvfhqwudol}dgd frpr r vhx dqwhfhvvru1 Hohshuplwh txh vhuylgruhv JQX2Olqx{ h XQL[ srv0vdp frpsduwlokdu dutxlyrv/ lpsuhvvrudv/ ghyl0fhv/ dxwhqwlfdÇÃr shod uhgh/ frqyhqvÕhv ghqrphv/ glvwulexlÇÃr gh vhuylÇrv h wrwdo frpsdwlel0olgdgh frp r rxwur pxqgr1 R Vdped sdud plp Éd phokru vroxÇÃr sdud dojxÉp txh qÃr txhu sd0jdu sru surgxwrv Plfurvriw1

R VDPED É glvwulexÍgr gh irupd srsxodudwudyÉv gr vlwh zzz1vdped1ruj rx dwudyÉv grvhx jhuhqfldgru gh sdfrwhv/ vhmd hoh r \XP/DSW/ Sdfpdq rx Hphujh1 Hoh xwlol}d dv sruwdv7782WFS +FLIV, h dv sruwdv +VPE,46:2XGS2WFS/ 46;2XGS h 46<2XGS2WFS1

Frpr lqvwdodu r VdpedBQr Xexqwx gljlwh qr whuplqdo=

vxgr dsw0jhw lqvwdoo vdped vdped0grf

vpefolhqw fliv0xwlo 0|

R sdfrwh vdped É r phwdsdfrwh txhlqvwdod wrgdv dv ghshqgÊqfldv sdud r Vdpedixqflrqdu h fduuhjd r pÓgxor gr nhuqho sdudixqflrqdphqwr gr FLIV1 R sdfrwh vdped0grf Éxp sdfrwh gh grfxphqwdÇÃr h r vdped0folhqw Ér folhqwh txh shuplwh dr JQRPH/ XQLW\/ NGHfkhjdu dwÉ xp frpsduwlokdphqwr qr Zlqgrzv rxdwÉ phvpr gr suÓsulr Vdped1

Frp d lqvwdodÇÃr gr sdfrwh vhuyhu/ rVdped vhuÁ lqvwdodgr1 Ghvwdfdp0vh r gluhwÓulrgh frqiljxudÇÕhv hp 2hwf2vdped h r dutxlyr ghfrqiljxudÇÃr/ r vpe1frqi1 R gluhwÓulr gh fdfkhilfd hp 2ydu2fdfkh2vdped h rv orjv hp2ydu2orj2vdped1

DsÓv lqvwdodu r Vdped/ wrgrv rv xvxÁulrvgr vhx vlvwhpd srghuÃr whu dfhvvrv ghvgh txhvhmdp uhjlvwudgrv qr pdshdphqwr gh frqwdv grVdped1 Ydoh ohpeudu txh É uhfrphqgdgr sruvhjxudqÇd txh rv xvxÁulrv whqkd dfhvvrvrphqwh dr gluhwÓulr krph gr Vdped h qÃrwhqkdp d shuplvvÃr gh xwlol}du r vkhoo/ sdudhylwdu txh rv phvprv xvhp r VVK +shor Sxww|gr Zlqgrzv, h dfhvvhp r whuplqdo1 HqwÃrtxdqgr yrfÊv iruhp fuldu xvxÁulrv sdud rVdped qr Xexqwx/ gljlwh r frpdqgr vxgr

xvhudgg 0g 2ghy2qxoo 0f %Qrph gr

ixqflrqÁulr% 0v 2elq2idovh orjlqbgrbxvxÁulr/rx dwudyÉv gr dggxvhu/ frp r frpdqgr vxgr

dggxvhu 00glvdeoh0orjlq 00qr0fuhdwh0krph

qrphborjlq1

Ghsrlv gh xwlol}du txdotxhu xp grv surfhgl0phqwrv dflpd/ yrfÊ ghyh fdgdvwudu hvvd frqwdgh xvxÁulr qrv uhjlvwurv gh dxwhqwlfdÇÃr grVdped sdud whu dfhvvrv qr Vdped1 R Vdpedxwlol}d xp kdvk gh vhqkdv Zlqgrzv/ hp hvshfldosdud fdgd xvxÁulr h ixqflrqd gh pdqhlud glih0uhqwh gr 2hwf2vkdgrz/ dutxlyr gh vhqkdv vrp0eud gr JQX2Olqx{1

R Vdped iruqhfh r vpesdvvzg/ txh shu0



plwh fuldu hvvdv vhqkdv sdud fdgd xvxÁulr uhjlv0wudgr/ dqwhv vh fhuwliltxh qr dutxlyr gh frqiljxud0ÇÃr gr Vdped 2hwf2vdped2vpe1frqi vh d olqkdhqfu|sw sdvvzrugv @ wuxh +txh shuplwh d fulswr0judild gh vhqkdv,/ hvwd dwlydgd1

R dutxlyr 2hwf2vdped2vpe1frqi É r dutxl0yr gh frqiljxudÇÃr gr vhuylgru Vdped h sdud hq0whqghuprv wrgr r vhx frqwhÚgr sdud r txhtxhuhprv prvwudu qhvvd pdwÉuld/ frqkhfhuhprvqd suÓ{lpd vhÇÃr1 Ydoh ohpeudu txh r Vdpedsrvvxl frpsdwlelolgdgh frp r surwrfrfr OGDS/ hfrp pdshdphqwr gh uhjlvwurv gr suÓsulr Zlq0grzv Vhuyhu/ frp VDQ rx DG/ dwudyÉv gr zlq0elqgg rx r idflolwdgru gh uhjlvwurv/ lgpds1 DoÉpgd srvvlelolgdgh gh fuldu r vhx GIV h dwÉ phvprwudedokdu frp DFOv/ QLV h rxwudv frlvdv pdlv1

R dutxlyr 2hwf2vdped2vpe1frqiR frqwhÚgr gr dutxlyr vpe1frqi qr Xexqwx

mÁ yhp sudwlfdphqwh wrgr prqwdgr h frp d srvvl0elolgdgh vrphqwh gr dgplqlvwudgru gh fuldu dglwl0yrv rx frphqwdu h ghvfrphqwdu olqkdv1 DvrsÇÕhv vÃr gh iÁflo dfhvvr h vÃr pxlwr ehp gr0fxphqwdgdv1

Sdud txh r vhx Vdped Vhuyhu vhmd xp frq0wurodgru gh grpÍqlr sdud d vxd uhgh É qhfhvvÁulrhqwhqghu txh yrfÊ whp glvsrqÍyho frpr uhfxuvr/

d rsÇÃr gh vh xwlol}Á0or frpr Sulpdu| GrpdlqFrqwuroohu +SGF,/ Edfnxs Grpdlq Frqwuroohu+EGF, h DGV Grpdlq Frqwuroohu/ qr oxjdu grZlqgrzv gd Plfurvriw/ rx dshqdv vhu xp grpÍ0qlr lqjuhvvdgr qr DG/ frpr Dfwlyh Gluhfwru| Gr0pdlq Vhuyhu1

Sdud wudqvirupdu xp Vdped hp xp juxsrgh wudedokr rx frqwurodgru gh grpÍqlr dr hvwlorQW/ vhqgr r pdlv xwlol}dgr sru wrgrv rv dgplqlv0wudgruhv gh Vdped vhmd qr JQX2Olqx{ rx Xql{/frpr xp judqgh vhuylgru gh dutxlyrv frp dsrvvlelolgdgh gh dxwhqwlfdÇÃr grv xvxÁulrv vhpd qhfhvvlgdgh gh sdjdu shor Zlqgrzv Vhuyhushuplwlqgr txh dv hvwdÇÕhv gh wudedokr hpJQX2Olqx{ h Zlqgrzv srvvdp dfhvvdu r vhuyl0gru gh dutxlyrv frp d qhfhvvlgdgh gh dxwhqwl0fdÇÃr gh xvxÁulrv/ É qhfhvvÁulr dshqdvdglflrqdu qd vhvvÃr JOREDO gr vhx dutxlyr2hwf2vdped2vpe1frqi r qrph gr vhuylgru h rjuxsr gh wudedokr txh ixqflrqduÁ frpr r qrphgr vhx frqwurodgru gh grpÍqlr gr Vdped1 LvvrÉ uhdol}dgr frp rv sduÂphwurv= qhwelrv qdph/

zrunjurxs/ krvwv doorz h vhfxulw|1

R lqÍflr gh dwulexwr/ frqkhflgr sru vhvvÃr^joredo`/ ghilqh r lqÍflr gh frqiljxudÇÃr Vdped/h ghilqh dv frqiljxudÇÕhv joredlv1 Qhvvd vhvvÃrsrghprv ghilqlu rv vhjxlqwhv dwulexwrv=

�8;Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

qhwelrv qdphGhilqh r qrph qhwelrv gr Vdped txh dwhqghuÁ d vxd uhgh1 © srvvÍyho wdpeÉp xwlol}du gr dwulexwr qhwelrv doldvhv sdudghilqlu pdlv gh xp qrph sdud r vhuylgru Vdped/ Àv yh}hv lvvr srgh vhu qhfhvvÁulr1

zrunjurxsGhilqh r qrph gh juxsr gh wudedokr rx grpÍqlr1 R frqfhlwr ghvvd rsÇÃr yduld gh dfrugr frp d frqiljxudÇÃr grdwulexwr vhfxulw|1 © xpd gdv pdlv lpsruwdqwhv rsÇÕhv gr Vdped1

vhuyhu vwulqjGhilqh r qrph rx dsholgr sdud r vhuylgru1

vhfxulw| @ xvhuGhilqh dfhvvr dr SGF sru dxwhqwlfdÇÃr gh xvxÁulrv qr vlvwhpd h jhuhqfldgrv shor frpdqgr vpesdvvzg1

vhfxulw| @ vkduhShuplwh r frpsduwlokdphqwr dehuwr gr Vdped/ vhp txh kdmd d qhfhvvlgdgh gh dxwhqwlfdÇÃr1

GLFD=Sdud txh yrfÊ whqkd xp Vdped ixqflrqdqgr frpr xp vhuylgru gh dutxlyrv edvhdgr qr surwrfror gh frpxqlfdÇÃr gdPlfurvriw/ vÓ txh gh pdqhlud dehuwd/ rqgh txh wrgrv gd vxd uhgh srvvdp whu dfhvvr gluhwdphqwh drv vhxv dutxlyrv hgluhwÓulrv/ edvwd vrphqwh txh yrfÊ dowhuh r sduÂphwur vhfxulw|/ ghvfrphqwdqgr r phvpr rx dglflrqdqgr qr frqwhÚgrgr dutxlyr vpe1frqi1 Ghilqd r sduÂphwur frpr vhfxulw| @ vkduh sdud txh wrgrv srvvdp dfhvvdu gh pdqhlud dehuwd vhpd qhfhvvlgdgh gh dxwhqwlfdÇÃr qr vhx Vdped1 Qrwd0vh/ txh sdud txdotxhu xvxÁulr yhqkd hqyldu dutxlyrv sdud r vhx



�8<Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

vhuylgru É qhfhvvÁulr txh r gluhwÓulr hqwÃr frpsduwlokdgr shor Vdped/ whqkdv dv shuplvvÕhv gh rxwurv hp frqwurohwrwdo/ ghilqlgr frp r frpdqgr fkprg r@uz{ 2fdplqkr2gr2gluhwÓulr21

hqfu|sw sdvvzrugvRsÇÃr sdguÃr gd yhuvÃr 6 gr Vdped txh vhpsuh ghyh vhu lqfoxÍgd hp yhuvÕhv dqwhulruhv1 R Zlqgrzv wudedokd frpvhqkdv fulswrjudidgdv h hqwÃr d qhfhvvlgdgh gd rsÇÃr1 R frpdqgr vpesdvvzg É xvdgr sdud ghilqlu xpd vhqkdsdguÃr sdud xpd frqwd XQL[ sdud r Vdped/ txh iduÁ sduwh gh xpd edvh gh gdgrv txh frqwhp lqirupdÇÕhvfulswrjudidgdv1

Zlqv vxssruwVh kdelolwdgr frp d rsÇÃr |hv/ id} frp txh r vhx vhuylgru Vdped wudedokh frpr xp vhuylgru zlqv1 R txh qÃr pxgduÁqdgd sdud yrfÊ1 Ydoh ohpeudu txh rx r vhuylgru Vdped dwxd frpr vhuyhu zlqv rx frpr folhqwh/ fdvr vhmd xwlol}dgd frprfolhqwh É qhfhvvÁulr frphqwdu d rsÇÃr h xwlol}du r zlqv vhuyhu @ ls +rqgh ls É r vhx hqghuhÇr,1

LqwhuidfhvHvvh dwulexwr ghilqh d lqwhuidfh gh uhgh xwlol}dgd txh r Vdped uhvsrqghuÁ1 Txdqgr hvvd rsÇÃr É xwlol}dgd frp d rsÇÃrelqg lqwhuidfhv rqo| @ |hv/ hod shuplwh txh r Vdped uhvwulqmd txdotxhu vrolflwdÇÕhv d lqwhuidfh mxvwlilfdgd h ljqrudqgrtxdotxhu rxwud vrolflwdÇÕhv gh vpeg h qpeg h dwÉ phvpr gh sdfrwhv hp eurdgfdvwv1 Ydoh ohpeudu txh sru sdguÃr rVdped hvfxwd hp wrgrv rv glvsrvlwlyrv gh uhgh/ sru rqgh d vxd pÁtxlqd dqgd hoh ydl dqgdu/ É qhfhvvÁulr hqwÃruhvwulqjlu d uhgh shod lqwhuidfh txh r Vdped ydl wudedokdu1

krvwv doorzkrvwv ghq|Hvshflilfd xp LS rx xpd vxeqhw hvshfÍilfd txh wrgr r vhx Vdped/ shor dwulexwr JOREDO/ uhvsrqghuÁ rx sru dshqdvfrpsduwlokdphqwr1 YrfÊ srgh wdpeÉp eortxhdu krvwv ghilqlgrv frp r frpdqgr krvwv ghq|/ txh txdqgr ghilqlgd d xpfrpsduwlokdphqwr/ r krvw eortxhdgr qÃr srghuÁ dfhvvdu r frpsduwlokdphqwr1

Suhvhuyh fdvh @ qrghidxow fdvh @ orzhuId} frp txh r Vdped ljqruh fdudfwhuhv hp fdl{d dowd h dshqdv fdl{d edl{d +plqÚvfxor,1 Lvvr srgh vhu Úwlo/ qdv yhuvÕhvdqwhulruhv gr Vdped/ yrfÊ srghuld ghwrqdu r surfhvvdphqwr h phpÓuld gd vxd pÁtxlqd1

Orj ohyhoId} frp txh r Vdped uhsruwh lqirupdÇÕhv qr orj fdvr yrfÊ ghilqd r ydoru frpr 4/ r Vdped dshqdv lqirupd hyhqwrvgh frqh{Õhv txh srghp vhu dxphqwdgdv1 R ydoru gr qÍyho gh orj/ yduld gh 3 d 43/ vhqgr 3 vrphqwh sdud fulwlfdo huuruv h43 sdud shtxhqdv lqirupdÇÕhv1

Orj ilohGhilqh r fdplqkr sdud fdgd dutxlyr gh orj gh dfhvvr gr Vdped/ edvhdgr hp lqirupdÇÕhv gh pÁtxlqd/ LS/ GQV hp2ydu2orj2vdped2orj1(p sdud pÁtxlqd1

Pd{ orj vl}hGhilqh r pÁ{lpr gr wdpdqkr hp NE gr vhx dutxlyr gh orj sdud r Vdped1

GQV sur{|YrfÊ srgh suhihulu uhvwulqjlu r qpeg d surfxudu vrphqwh sru edvh gh gdgrv ZLQV h sru qrphv ZLQV qdv vxdvvrolflwdÇÕhv gr Vdped1 Ghvdelolwh hvvd rsÇÃr dshqdv dglflrqdqgr qr1

qdph uhvroyh rughuYrfÊ srgh ghilqlu d uhvroxÇÃr gh qrphv gh frqvxowd shor Vdped1 Sru sdguÃr hvvd rsÇÃr qr Xexqwx yhp frphqwdgd/ ÉsrvvÍyho ghilqlu xp sdguÃr/ vhqgr=

zlqv/ xvh d frqvxowd sru zlqv vhuyhu/ ghilqlgr qr vpe1frqi1

pkrvwv/ xvdgr shor sdguÃr gr Vdped vhuyhu h gr dutxlyr opkrvwv1

krvwv/ xvdgr frpr sdguÃr gh uhvroxÇÃr gh qrphv gr XQL[2Olqx{1 Hvvd rsÇÃr É sdguÃr gr vlvwhpd h xvd xpdeleolrwhfd F sdud frqvxowd gh krvwv1

efdvw/ xvd xp eurdgfdvw sdud frqvxowdu qrphv1



RsÇÕhv hvshfÍilfdv srghp wudqvirupdu r Vdped hp xp phvwuh gh grpÍqlr/ rx vhmd/ qhvvh fd0vr r Vdped ydl vh wudqvirupdu hp xp frqwurodgru gh grpÍqlr/ rqgh wrgrv rv krvwv Zlqgrzv srgh0uÃr vh dxwhqwlfdu qr Vdped frpr vh hoh irvvh xp ZLqgrzv Vhuyhu1 Fdgd pÁtxlqd frp ZlqgrzvsrghuÁ hqwudu qr grpÍqlr Vdped h vh orjdu frp r xvxÁulr fuldgr qr JQX2Olqx{/ xwlol}dqgr grv uh0fxuvrv gd uhgh h gr suÓsulr vlvwhpd rshudflrqdo1

GhilqlÇÕhv gdv rsÇÕhv gh frpsduwlokdphqwr=

QRWD= Dv rsÇÕhv dedl{r srghp xwlol}du r uhvxowdgr frpr \hv/ |hv rx Qr/ qr1


sdvvge edfnhqgHvvd rsÇÃr ghilqh r dutxlyr gd edvh gh gdgrv txh É ghilqlgd shor dgplqlvwudgru h jhuhqfldgr shor vpesdvvzg1 SdguÃrqr Xexqwx1

xql{ sdvvzrug v|qfShuplwh r Vdped vlqfurql}du r sdguÃr gh vhqkdv XQL[/ txh É xwlol}dgr shor Xexqwx +vhqkdv vrpeudv,/ frp r FLIVFolhqw1

^qrph gr frpsduwlokdphqwr`Ghqwur grv ^ `/ yrfÊ ghilqh r qrph gr frpsduwlokdphqwr txh r xvxÁulr ydl uhfhehu txdqgr dfhvvdu d vxd pÁtxlqd shoduhgh1

FrpphqwDtxl yrfÊ ghilqh r qrph sdud r frpsduwlokdphqwr/ dtxl yrfÊ srgh frorfdu hvsdÇrv1

SdwkGhilqh r gluhwÓulr txh yrfÊ ydl frpsduwlokdu1 H{= 2gdgrv

EurzvhdeohYrfÊ srgh ghilqlu frp eurzvhdeoh @ |hv vh r frpsduwlokdphqwr É ylvÍyho sdud qdyhjdÇÃr/ txdqgr frqvxowdgrv shorv rvxvxÁulrv1 Fdvr hvwhmd %eurzvhdeoh @ qr%/ yrfÊ hvwduld ghilqlqgr txh r frpsduwlokdphqwr qÃr vhmd sxeolfdgr h r phvprvhqgr hqwhqglgr frpr rfxowr1

ZulwdeohGhilqh sulyloÉjlr gh dfhvvr gh ohlwxud h hvfulwd1

Uhdg rqo|Ghilqh vrphqwh ohlwxud sdud r gluhwÓulr1

Krvwv doorzGhilqh krvw rx uhgh txh whp shuplvvÃr gh dfhvvr1 © srvvÍyho/ dvvlp frpr rv dwulexwrv gr vlvwhpd/ ghilqlu xpd h{fhÇÃrfrp d rsÇÃr H[FHSW dglflrqdgd/ dfuhvfhqwdgd gr krvw1

Krvwv ghq|Ghilqh krvw rx uhgh txh qÃr whp shuplvvÃr gh dfhvvr1

Uhdg olvwRv xvxÁulrv ghilqlgrv h vhsdudgrv sru %/% +ylujxod, srghp dfhvvdu r gluhwÓulr frpsduwlokdphqwr vrphqwh frp ohlwxud1

Ydolg xvhuvPxlwr fxlgdgr frp hvvd rsÇÃr/ srlv hod É xwlol}dgd sdud ghilqlu rv xvxÁulrv fdgdvwudgrv qr Vdped txh srghp dfhvvdur frpsduwlokdphqwr/ r sureohpd É txh vrphqwh rv xvxÁulrv olvwdgrv dtxl srghuÃr whu dfhvvr1 YrfÊ srgh hvshflilfduwdpeÉp juxsrv gr vlvwhpd JQX2Olqx{/ xwlol}dqgr xp %.% qd iuhqwh gr qrph gr juxsr1

Lqydolg xvhuvDr frqwuÁulr gr ydolg xvhuv/ dtxl yrfÊ ghilqh rv xvxÁulrv fdgdvwudgrv qr Vdped txh qÃr srghuÃr xwlol}du gr gluhwÓulrfrpsduwlokdgr/ jhudqgr xpd h{fhÇÃr1



HqwÃr r txh ghyhprv id}hu sdud frpsduwl0okdu phxv dutxlyrv sdud xvxÁulrv uhjlvwudgrv qrVdped h qÃr uhjlvwudgrvB

Ydprv frqiljxudu r Vdped frp r Jhglw rxr vhx hglwru gh wh{wr suhihuhqfldo/ dshqdv gljlwhr frpdqgr vxgr jhglw 2hwf2vdped2vpe1frqi h kd0elolwh dv olqkdv dedl{r txh vhuÃr vhohflrqdgdv sh0od pdwÉuld rx idÇd xp edfnxs gr dutxlyr ruljlqdogh lqvwdodÇÃr/ uhpryd r dutxlyr h fulh xp qryrfrp r frqwhÚgr dedl{r1

Dglflrqh rx kdelolwh dv vhjxlqwhv olqkdvdedl{r fdvr yrfÊ hvwhmd frqiljxudqgr r Vdpedsdud wudedokdu dshqdv frp frpsduwlokdphqwrvdehuwrv=

&& FrphqwÁulrv gr vhx vhuylgru

^joredo`

qhwelrv qdph @ PHXVDPEDVHUYHU

vhuyhu vwulqj @ Phx vhuylgru Vdped

zrunjurxs @ VDPEDVHUYHU

vhfxulw| @ vkduh

orj iloh @ 2ydu2orj2vdped2orj1(p

pd{ orj vl}h @ 4333

lqwhuidfhv @ hwk3

elqg lqwhuidfhv rqo| @ |hv

gqv sur{| @ qr

Dv rsÇÕhv pdlv frpxqv sdud fuldufrpsduwlokdphqwrv frp r Vdped É yrfÊ xvdu qrilqdo gr dutxlyr vpe1frqi gr vhx Xexqwx dvvhjxlqwhv rsÇÕhv dedl{r=

^qrph gr frpsduwlokdphqwr`

frpphqw @ Phx frphqwÁulr gr phx

frpsduwlokdphqwr

sdwk @ 2fdplqkr2gr2gluhwÓulr2

eurzvhdeoh @ |hv

zulwdeoh @ |hv

sxeolf @ |hv

jxhvw rn @ |hv

QRWD= Ohpeuh0vh txh dv rsÇÕhv ghyhp

vhjxlu xp sdguÃr/ frpr d rsÇÃr frpphqw/ txh

ghilqh xp frphqwÁulr sdud r vhx frpsduwlokd0

phqwr/ d rsÇÃr sdwk/ txh ghilqh r gluhwÓulr hp

irupd gh fdplqkr frpsohwr gr vhx Xexqwx d vhu

frpsduwlokdgr1 Txdqgr hvshflilfdprv r gluhwÓulr

d vhu frpsduwlokdgr ghyhprv ohpeudu ehp r txh

frorfdprv qr dwulexwr vhfxulw|/ vh irl r vkduh

rx xvhu +txh É r sdguÃr gr Vdped6,/ srlv fdvr

yrfÊ whqkd ghilqlgr frpr vkduh/ É qhfhvvÁulr

txh r gluhwÓulr frpsduwlokdgr hvwhmd frp shuplv0

vÕhv :::/ frp wrgr r frqwuroh dehuwr wdqwr sdud

xvxÁulr/ juxsr h rxwurv/ ghylgr dr dfhvvr dqÔql0

pr1 Fdvr hvwhmd xwlol}dqgr d rsÇÃr frqiljxudgd

sdud xvhu/ hqwÃr hqwhqghprv txh yrfÊ srgh xwl0

ol}du vhp sureohpdv dfhvvrv drv xvxÁulrv dx0

whqwlfdgrv/ rqgh wrgrv rv xvxÁulrv gr Vdped

vhuyhu ghyhuÃr vhu uhjlvwudgrv frp r frpdqgr

vpesdvvzg h vhqgr lqwhuhvvdqwh xwlol}du r dwul0

exwr ydolg xvhuv frpr lqglfdgr dflpd/ qr

vpe1frqi1

R surjudpd vpesdvvzg É pdlv wudqtxlorgh vh xwlol}du frpr r sdguÃr gr Vdped sdud rXexqwx/ hoh xwlol}d r sdvvge1wge +2ydu2ole2vdp0

ed2sdvvge1wge,/ txh yhp frpr r sdguÃr gd lqv0wdodÇÃr gr sdfrwh/ txh rihuhfh xp phokrughvhpshqkr h idflolgdgh gh jhuhqfldphqwr1 Yh0uliltxh vh d rsÇÃr sdvvge edfnhqg @ wgevdp/hvwd dwlyd qr vhx dutxlyr gh frqiljxudÇÃr grvpe1frqi1

YrfÊ srgh yhulilfdu vh rv xvxÁulrv hvwÃrfdgdvwudgrv qd edvh gh gdgrv gr wgevdp txh il0fd hp 2ydu2ole2vdped2sdvvge1wge/ yrfÊ srghxwlol}du/ frpr urrw rx dwudyÉv gr vxgr/ r frpdq0gr sgehglw 0O/ txh olvwd wrgrv rv xvxÁulrv fd0gdvwudgrv1

Dv rsÇÕhv gr vpesdvvzg vÃr=

0d dglflrqd xvxÁulr qrv uhjlvwurv gr Vdped

0p dglflrqd xp qryr frpsxwdgru/ lghdo sdud


Jxhvw rnTxdqgr ghilqlgr jxhvw rn @ |hv/ shuplwh txh rv xvxÁulrv qÃr fuhghqfldgrv shor Vdped whqkdp dfhvrv drfrpsduwlokdphqwr1 Qhvwh fdvr É qhfhvvÁulr txh r gluhwÓulr whqkd shuplvvÃr gh rxwurv sdud hvfulwd/ sdud r dgplqlvwudgrushuplwd txh xvxÁulrv qÃr uhjlvwudgrv whqkdp dfhvvr1 fkprg r@uz{ 2gluhwÓulrbsdwk



txhp txhu lqjuhvvdu xpd pÁtxlqd Zlqgrzv qr

Vdped vhuyhu1

0g ghvdelolwd xvxÁulr

0h kdelolwd xvxÁulr

0q uhwlud vhqkd

0{ uhpryh xvxÁulr dshqdv grv uhjlvwurv gr

Vdped1

Sdud uhjlvwudu xp xvxÁulr qr Vdped vhuyhugljlwh +hvvh orjlq suhflvd h{lvwlu hp 2hwf2sdvvzg/fuldgr shorv frpdqgrv xvhuv0dgplq/ dggxvhu rxxvhudgg,=

vxgr vpesdvvzg 0d XVXDULR

Sdud wurfdu d vxd vhqkd ghsrlv/ gljlwh=

vxgr vpesdvvzg XVXDULR

Sdud uhpryhu r xvxÁulr grv uhjlvwurv ghdxwhqwlfdÇÃr gr Vdped/ gljlwh=

vxgr vpesdvvzg 0{ XVXDULR

Vdoyh r frqwhÚgr gr dutxlyr 2hwf2vdp0ed2vpe1frqi h whvwh r dutxlyr gh frqiljxudÇÃrgr Vdped/ sdud vdehu vh yrfÊ huurx dojxpd frl0vd frp r frpdqgr=

vxgr whvwsdup

Uhlqlflh r vhuylÇr qrydphqwh frp rv fr0pdqgrv=

vxgr uhvwduw vpeg

vxgr uhvwduw qpeg

QRWD= hp yhuvÕhv pdlv dqwljdv gr Xexq0wx/ uhlqlflh frp r frpdqgr 2hwf2lqlw1g2vdped uhv0

wduw1

Vh yrfÊ yhp gr Zlqgrzv/ yrfÊ srghgljlwdu oÁ %__vhxLS_frpsduwlokdphqwr% rx shorsuÓsulr Xexqwx qdv mdqhodv gr qdxwloxv/ frp rfrpdqgr vpe=22LSgrVDPED1

D fdgd frqh{Ãr txh rfruuhu qr Zlqgrzvrx shor suÓsulr Xexqwx/ yrfÊ srgh yhulilfdu txhwrgdv hodv whp irupdwr gh surfhvvrv h dwÉphvpr vdehu hp whpsr uhdo/ txhp hvwddfhvvdqgr r vhx frpsduwlokdphqwr h dwÉ phvpr

r gluhwÓulr hp txh d shvvrd vh hqfrqwud/ rx rdutxlyr txh hod hvwd ph{hqgr1 Sdud lvvr/dshqdv gljlwh r frpdqgr vpevwdwxv1

Qr Xexqwx É srvvÍyho frqiljxudu r Vdpedshod lqwhuidfh juÁilfd/ frp r frpdqgr vkduhv0dgplq/ ehp frqkhflgr qr Xexqwx ghvgh whpsrv1

Gljlwh r frpdqgr=

vxgr vkduhv0dgplq

H yrfÊ yhuÁ xpd whod sudwlfdphqwh ljxdo dhvvd dflpd/ frp d srvvlelolgdgh gh frqiljxudu rVdped idflophqwh1 Fdvr yrfÊ yhqkd h{hfxwdu rvkduhv0dgplq frpr xvxÁulr frpxp/ É qhfhvvÁ0ulr yrfÊ shuplwlu r dfhvvr d dsolfdÇÃr folfdqgrqr fdghdgr h olehudqgr r dfhvvr frpr xvxÁulrsulylohjldgr d hod1

QÃr uhvwd gÚylgd txh r Vdped vlp/ É xpdh{fhohqwh ihuudphqwd1


DSUJLR VLPµHV É hvshfldolvwd hfhuwlilfdgr hp JQX2Olqx{ h Xql{/yluwxdol}dÇÃr hp [hq h LEP SrzhuYP/wudedokd kÁ dqrv frpr frqvxowru qr Ulrgh Mdqhlur h VÃr Sdxor1zzz1wzlwwhu1frp2dsuljlrvlprhv



Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Rv glohpdv gr GUPSru Wkldjr Exvfklqhool Vruuhqwlqr

�96

I³UXP � RV GLOHPDV GR GUP

Hp o�jlfd/ vh wrgrv rv xqlyhuvrv srvv�yhlv sdud xpd

ghwhuplqdgd sursrvl��r v�r uxlqv/ gl}0vh txh k� xp

glohpd1 Wdoyh} d srsxodul}d��r grv phlrv gljlwdlv h d

lqyhq��r gr Gljlwdo Uljkwv+UHVWULFWLRQVB, Pdqdjhphqw +GUP,

vh uhyhohp xp glohpd sdud d hihwlylgdgh gd surgx��r h

gd glyxojd��r dfdg�plfdv



Ghqwuh rxwurv/ ghvwdfr grlv hihlwrv qhjdwl0yrv gdv prgdolgdghv pdlv h{dfhuedgdv ghGUP1 Xp ghohv É r ulvfr À shuvlvwÊqfld gd lqiru0pdÇÃr1 QÃr kÁ jdudqwld devroxwd gh txh dv hp0suhvdv luÃr pdqwhu rv phlrv gh dxwhqwlfdÇÃr ghdfhvvr À lqirupdÇÃr1 Whrulfdphqwh/ hodv srghpvlpsohvphqwh ghvlvwlu gh iruqhfhu r vhuylÇr rxvhuhp lpshglgdv gh id}Ê0or/ frpr qr fdvr gh gh0vdsduhflphqwr gd hpsuhvd +idoÊqfld/ glvvroxÇÃrhwf,1

R rxwur ulvfr klsrwÉwlfr É r duuhihflphqwrgr phufdgr vhfxqgÁulr gd wudqvihuÊqfld gd lqiru0pdÇÃr1 R phufdgr sulpÁulr frpsuhhqgh wrgdvdv rshudÇÕhv gh flufxodÇÃr grv vxsruwhv iÍvlfrvgd lqirupdÇÃr dwÉ r sulphlur xvxÁulr ilqdo1 MÁ rphufdgr vhfxqgÁulr hqyroyh dv rshudÇÕhv vxe0vhtxhqwhv gh wudqvihuÊqfld1 Hp whuprv pdlv vlp0sohv/ wudwd0vh gr fphufdgr gh xvdgrvg1

H hvvh fphufdgr gh xvdgrvg É lpsruwdqwhsdud r phlr dfdgÊplfr/ srlv hoh idflolwd d glvwul0exlÇÃr gh frqwhÚgr1 Qrwhp txh hvvdv rshud0ÇÕhv qÃr vÃr qhfhvvduldphqwh rqhurvdv1Txdqgr xp frohjd hpsuhvwd judwxlwdphqwh vhxolyur d rxwur/ d lqirupdÇÃr srgh vhu glixqglgd ghprgr pdlv olyuh1

MÁ vh whqwrx lpsru uhvwulÇÕhv dr phufdgrgh xvdgrv sdud rv olyurv/ pdv É suhvxplyhophq0wh gliÍflo lpsru hvvhv olplwhv qd suÁwlfd1 MÁ qrfdpsr gljlwdo d lpsrvlÇÃr grv olplwhv É pxlwrpdlv hilfd}1 Xp dutxlyr srgh vhu frglilfdgr ghprgr d vhu dfhvvÍyho dshqdv hp xp qÚphur uh0gx}lgr gh dsduhokrv suhyldphqwh lghqwlilfdgrv1Hvvh wlsr gh surlelÇÃr lpshgh r hpsuÉvwlpr ghpdwhuldo gh shvtxlvd h ghvorfd r fxvwr gr dsuhq0gl}dgr sdud r doxqr1 © wdpeÉp srvvÍyho txh rGUP h{dfhuedgr glilfxowh ghvqhfhvvduldphqwh duhsurgxÇÃr oÍflwd gh shtxhqrv wuhfkrv gdvreudv/ sdud ilqv dfdgÊplfrv h flhqwÍilfrv1

Dtxl yhp d sduwh txh fdudfwhul}d r glohpd1D idowd gh dojxpd irupd gh GUP wdpeÉp srghghvhvwlpxodu d surgxÇÃr dfdgÊplfd h vhu wÃrsuhmxglfldo txdqwr dv prgdolgdghv pdlv gudfrqld0qdv gh uhvwulÇÃr1

Vhp dojxp wlsr gh GUP r ulvfr gh dsursul0

dÇÃr lqghylgd gd reud lqwhohfwxdo É pxlwr judq0gh1 Dshqdv sdud ilqv gh glvfxvvÃr/ lpdjlqh0vhtxh xp ilfwÍflr surihvvru fuldud pdwhuldo gh hvwx0gr sdud vhxv doxqrv/ hvwxgdqwhv hp xp fxuvl0qkr suÉ0yhvwlexodu judwxlwr1 Reyldphqwh/ qrvvrlpdjlqÁulr surihvvru qÃr É uhpxqhudgr shor wud0edokr dowuxÍvwd txh id}1 Sru vruwh +rx d}du,/ hoh il0fd vdehqgr txh r pdwhuldo suhsdudgr frp wdqwrhvphur hvwÁ vhqgr glvwulexÍgr sru rxwur fxuvl0qkr/ hvvh sdjr h qr txdo hoh qÃr gÁ dxodv/ vhpqhp vhtxhu dwulexlÇÃr gh dxwruld1

Wdoyh} qrvvd shuvrqdjhp fkhjxh À frq0foxvÃr gh txh qÃr ydoh pdlv d shqd suhsdudu hglvwulexlu pdwhuldo glgÁwlfr/ gdgr r lqwhqvr ulvfrgh txh rxwudv shvvrdv luÃr vh dsuryhlwdu lqghyl0gdphqwh ghoh1

Qhvvh frqwh{wr/ xpd irupd eudqgd ghGUP srghuld frorfdu sd} qr hvsÍulwr gdtxhoh dx0wru1 Dojr txh lpshglvvh d uhsurgxÇÃr h r dfhvvrqÃr dxwrul}dgr/ vhp suhmxglfdu xvrv ohjÍwlprv/frpr r hpsuÉvwlpr judwxlwr hqwuh rv doxqrv1

Dvvlp/ r qÓ jÓuglr hvwÁ qd lqwhqvlgdgh gdvuhvwulÇÕhv/ lvwr É/ vh hodv vÃr ohjÍwlpdv gldqwh gdh{shfwdwlyd gh xvr h gd ixqÇÃr gr pdwhuldo sur0gx}lgr1

Sdud txhp hvwlyhu lqwhuhvvdgr hp vdehupdlv vreuh dv euljdv mxuÍglfdv uhodflrqdgdv drgluhlwr gr xvxÁulr ilqdo gh yhqghu rx grdu rsurjudpd gh frpsxwdgru ohjlwlpdphqwhdgtxlulgr/ yhmd r fdvr Yhuqru yv1 Dxwrghvn+kwws=22zzz1hii1ruj2fdvhv2yhuqru0y0dxwrghvn1 Sdudvh whu xpd lghld gh frpr d glvsxwd É dqwljd/frqiludp r fdvr EREEV0PHUULOO FR1 Y1VWUDXV/ gh 4<3;+kwws=22vxsuhph1mxvwld1frp2xv2543266<2fdvh1kwpo,1

�97

WKLDJR EXVFKLQHOOL VRUUHQWLQR �vhuylgru s�eolfr ihghudo/ Phvwuh hp Gluhlwrgr Hvwdgr shod SXF2VS/ ghx dxodv qdXqlyhuvlgdgh gh Eudv�old 0 XqE/ qrLqvwlwxwr Eudvlohlur gh Hvwxgrv Wulexw�ulrv 0LEHW h qr Vxsuhpr Wulexqdo Ihghudo 0VWI1

I³UXP � RV GLOHPDV GR GUP


http://www.eff.org/cases/vernor-v-autodesk

http://supreme.justia.com/us/210/339/case.html

D hyroxÇÃrgdv uhghvpÓyhlvSru Wd|qÃ Erqdogr Jxdoehuwr


LqwurgxÇÃrD hyroxÇÃr grv fhoxoduhv h r qdvflphqwr h

fuhvflphqwr h{srqhqfldo grv vpduwskrqhv deuh dvsruwdv sdud xpd dpsod jdpd gh vhuylÇrv h surgx0wrv d vhuhp rihuhflgrv/ rqgh srgh0vh hqfrqwudursruwxqlgdghv gh qhjÓflrv txh yÃr ghvgh fdsdvsurwhwrudv sdud fhoxoduhv h vpduwskrqhv À dsolfdwl0yrv/ mrjrv h vlwhv pÓyhlv1 Xp h{hpsor gh phufdgruhodflrqdgr h dowdphqwh frqwulexlgru sdud d hyrox0ÇÃr ghvwhv dsduhokrv É r gdv rshudgrudv/ uhvsrq0vÁyhlv shor iruqhflphqwr gdv uhghv pÓyhlv1 H sdudtxhp shqvd txh uhghv pÓyhlv uhvxphp0vh dsh0qdv d dfhvvr À lqwhuqhw/ hvwÁ hqjdqdgr1 Dv uhghvpÓyhlv hqyroyhp wrgrv rv vhuylÇrv frpxphqwhfrqvxplgrv shorv xvxÁulrv gh fhoxoduhv hvpduwskrqhv/ sdvvdqgr sru vhuylÇrv gh yr} dphqvdjhqv gh wh{wr h pxowlpÍgld1

D sulphlud uhgh pÓyho irl lqwurgx}lgd qr lqÍflrgrv dqrv ;3/ vhqgr hvwd ghqrplqdgd frpr uhgh4J1 D sduwlu gdÍ frphÇdudp d vxujluhp qrydv whf0qrorjldv/ lqrydqgr frqvhtxhqwhphqwh r iruqhfl0phqwr gd uhgh 4J/ hyroxlqgr hqwÃr sdud 5J/ 518J/51:8J/ 6J h ilqdophqwh 7J1 Pdv/ dilqdo/ txdo d glih0uhqÇd hqwuh hvvdv wÃr idodgdv whfqrorjldv h txh vx0sruwh hodv rihuhfhudp h frqwlqxdp iruwhphqwhrihuhfhqgr drv vhxv xvxÁulrvB

WHOHIRQLD � D HYROX§£R GDV UHGHV P³YHLV



Uhgh 4JD sulphlud jhudÇÃr gdv uhghv pÓyhlv/ fr0

qkhflgd wdpeÉp frpr DPSV +Dgydqfhg PrelohSkrqh Vhuylfh,/ qdvfhx qrv oderudwÓulrv Ehoo gdDW)W qr lqÍflr grv dqrv ;31 Xwlol}dyd prgxodÇÃrdqdoÓjlfd gh vlqdlv hp xpd sruwdgrud gh uÁglriuhtxÊqfld/ hp rxwudv sdodyudv/ r vlqdo hud wudqv0plwlgr vreuh rqgdv fxmd irupd yduldyd frqwlqxd0phqwh1 Vxd wudqvihuÊqfld gh gdgrv rshudydqxpd iuhtxÊqfld txh urqgdyd xpd idl{d gh ;33PK} h uhvwulqjld0vh dshqdv À wudqvplvvÃr ghyr}1

Hvwd whfqrorjld qÃr vxsruwdyd txdotxhu wl0sr gh hqfulswdÇÃr/ sru frqwd glvvr/ sdvvdyd sruglyhuvrv wlsrv gh sureohpdv uhodflrqdgrv À vhjx0udqÇd/ frpr r idwr gh vhu uhodwlydphqwh vlpsohvhvfxwdu oljdÇÕhv dwudyÉv gh xp vlqwrql}dgru ghuÁglr rx/ dwÉ phvpr xvxusdu d iuhtxÊqfld/ frqvh0txhqwhphqwh shuplwlqgr fuhglwdu oljdÇÕhv hpfrqwdv gh whufhlurv1 Rxwur judqgh sureohpd ghv0wd whfqrorjld hud d txdolgdgh gr vrp/ txh hudshuglgd sru frqwd gh lqwhuihuÊqfldv fdxvdgdvfrqvwdqwhphqwh À uhgh1

D xwlol}dÇÃr gd sulphlud jhudÇÃr gd uhghpÓyho qr Eudvlo irl wrwdophqwh gl}lpdgd hp 64 ghmxqkr gh 533;/ srlv xpd ohl dsurydgd shod Dqd0who +DjÊqfld Qdflrqdo gh Whohirqld, ghwhuplqdydtxh wrgdv dv rshudgrudv txh xwlol}dvvhp uhghDPSV/ ghvdwlydvvhp0qd dwÉ d gdwd uhihulgd/ sd0ud txh r hvshfwur dsÓv lvvr irvvh xwlol}dgr hprxwudv whfqrorjldv qdv phvpdv rshudgrudv1

Uhgh 5JVxujlqgr d qhfhvvlgdgh gh qrydv whfqrorjl0

dv h d ghpdqgd gh qryrv xvxÁulrv/ qdvfhx hq0wÃr d vhjxqgd jhudÇÃr gh uhghv pÓyhlv/ d uhgh5J1 R vlvwhpd vxujlx sru yrowd grv dqrv <3 hvxd sulqflsdo fdudfwhuÍvwlfd glihuhqfldgrud hp uh0odÇÃr À vxd dqwhfhvvrud É r idwr gh vhu xpd uh0gh wrwdophqwh gljlwdo/ lqlelqgr frqvhtxhqwhphqwhglyhuvrv sureohpdv hvwdehohflgrv dqwhulruphqwh1Ghqwuh vxdv fdudfwhuÍvwlfdv/ srgh0vh ghvwdfdu dv

vhjxlqwhv= frglilfdÇÃr gljlwdo gh yr} pdlv srgh0urvd/ xwlol}dÇÃr hilflhqwh gr hvshfwur/ phokrutxdolgdgh gh yr}/ idflolgdgh gh frpxqlfdÇÃr ghyr} h fulswrjudild/ srvvlelolgdgh gh dfrprgdÇÃrgh xp pdlru qÚphur gh xvxÁulrv qxpd phvpdidl{d gh iuhtxÊqfld/ hqylr gh phqvdjhqv gh wh{0wr VPV +Vkruw Phvvdjh Vhuylfh,/ hqwuh rxwurv1

Rxwur lpsruwdqwh idwru glihuhqfldo É txh duhgh 5J frpsuhhqgh glyhuvrv surwrfrorv glvwlq0wrv/ hqwÃr ghvhqyroylgrv shodv suÓsuldv rshud0grudv h txh vÃr lqfrpsdwÍyhlv hqwuh vl/ r txh id}frp txh r xvr gh whohirqhv fhoxoduhv vhmd olplwd0gr Àv uhjlÕhv Àv txdlv dv rshudgrudv suhvwdpvxsruwh dr surwrfror xwlol}dgr1

VÃr rv sulqflsdlv h pdlv xwlol}dgrv surwrfr0orv 5J=

0 JVP +Joredo V|vwhp iru Preloh Frppxqlfdwl0rq,= Surwrfror ghvhqyroylgr qd Hxursd shod6JSS +6ug Jhqhudwlrq Sduwqhuvkls Surmhfw,/ rJVP hvwÁ suhvhqwh hp pdlv 533 sdÍvhv/ id}hq0gr frp txh r urdplqj lqwhuqdflrqdo vhmd pdlvfrpxp/ vhqgr hqwÃr r surwrfror pdlv srsxodusdud whohirqhv fhoxoduhv gr pxqgr1 Ghvwdfd0vhgh rxwudv whfqrorjldv shor xvr gh xp fduwÃr ghphpÓuld 0 srsxoduphqwh frqkhflgr frpr %fkls%0 qrv dsduhokrv/ shuplwlqgr sruwdu dv fdudfwhuÍv0

Hvshfwur +vrqrur, É d glvwulexlÇÃr/ qr grpÍqlr gdviuhtxÊqfldv/ gr frqmxqwr gh wrgdv dv rqgdv txh irupdpxp vrp1

Urdplqj ghvljqd d fdsdflgdgh gh xp xvxÁulr gh xpduhgh sdud rewhu frqhfwlylgdgh hp Áuhdv irud gdorfdolgdgh jhrjuÁilfd rqgh hvwÁ uhjlvwudgr/ rx vhmd/rewhqgr frqhfwlylgdgh dwudy�v gh xpd uhgh rqgh �ylvlwdqwh1



wlfdv grv dvvlqdqwhv sdud rxwurv dsduhokrv h uh0ghv JVP1 D uhgh JVP rshud hp idl{dv gh 733/783/ ;83/ <33/ 4;33 h 4<33 PK}1

0 WGPD +Wlph Glylvlrq Pxowlsoh Dffhvv,= Surwrfr0or txh gljlwdo uhjxodul}dgr shod WLD +Whohfrppxql0fdwlrqv Lqgxvwu| Dvvrfldwlrq, txh glylgh xp fdqdogh iuhtxÊqfld hp dwÉ vhlv lqwhuydorv gh whpsrglvwlqwrv/ id}hqgr frp txh fdgd xvxÁulr rfxshxp hvsdÇr gh whpsr hvshfÍilfr gxudqwh xpdwudqvplvvÃr/ ghvwh prgr/ d wudqvplvvÃr É surwh0jlgd gh sureohpdv gh lqwhuihuÊqfldv1 Hvwd uhghrshud hp ;83 PK}1

0 FGPD +Frgh Glylvlrq Pxowlsoh Dffhvv,= Surwrfrorsurgx}lgr shod Txdofrpp/ É xp pÉwrgr gh dfhv0vr d fdqdlv hp vlvwhpdv gh frpxqlfdÇÃr1 Srghvhu xwlol}dgr wdqwr hp whohirqld fhoxodu txdqwr hpudvwuhdphqwr yld vdwÉolwh1 © xp pÉwrgr txh qÃr vhglylgh dflpd gr fdqdo shor whpsr +frpr É r fdvrgd WGPD, h qhp sru iuhtxÊqfld +frpr IGPD,/pdv frglilfd rv gdgrv frp xp fÓgljr hvshfldo dv0vrfldgr frp fdgd fdqdo h xvd sursulhgdghv frqv0wuxwlydv gh lqwhuihuÊqfld grv fÓgljrv hvshfldlv sdudh{hfxwdu d pxowlsoh{djhp1 Hvwd whfqrorjld frph0Çrx d vhu xvdgd qr lqÍflr gh 4<<; shod WhohedkldFhoxodu/ pdlv frqkhflgd dwxdophqwh frpr Ylyr1 Kr0mh hp gld/ doÉp gd Ylyr/ rxwud hpsuhvd txh dwxdfrp hvwh sdguÃr É d Hpeudwho1 Hvwd whfqrorjld rsh0ud hp iuhtxÊqfldv gh ;33 h 4<33 PK}1

Uhgh 518JD uhgh 518J/ fodudphqwh vxujlx hqwuh dv uh0

ghv 5J h 6J/ hvwdehohfhqgr0vh frpr xpd wudqvl0ÇÃr hqwuh dv gxdv whfqrorjldv1 R whupr 518J irlfuldgr shod pÍgld sdud ghvfuhyhu vhuylÇrv dlqgdxwlol}dgrv shod 5J/ sruÉp/ frp wudqvplvvÃr gh gd0grv pdlv uÁslgd1 Vhqgr dvvlp/ qÃr É xp qrph ril0fldol}dgr shod LWX +LqwhuqdwlrqdoWhohfrppxqlfdwlrq Xqlrq,1

D vhjxqgd jhudÇÃr h phld gdv uhghv pÓ0yhlv whp yhorflgdgh dsulprudgd hp uhodÇÃr À 5Jh sru phlr gh whfqrorjldv gh sdfrwhv/ É srvvÍyhorewhu xp dfhvvr À lqwhuqhw pdlv ioh{Íyho h hilflhq0

wh1 Qhvwh sdguÃr/ edvlfdphqwh irudp dglflrqdgrvqryrv vhuylÇrv/ whqgr frpr ghvwdtxh dv whfqror0jldv HGJH +Hqkdqfhg Gdwd Udwhv iru JVP Hyr0oxwlrq, h JSUV +Jhqhudo Sdfnhw Udglr Vhuylfh,1Krmh vÃr whfqrorjldv edvwdqwh frpxqv qr udprgh uhghv pÓyhlv1

D JSUV/ sdguÃr gh wudqvplvvÃr gh uÁglrsru sdfrwhv/ É frqvlghudgd d hyroxÇÃr gd whfqr0orjld JVP1 Hvwd frqwd frp yhorflgdghv gh wudqv0plvvÃr gh gdgrv pÁ{lpd gh dwÉ 448 Nesv1 Rvgdgrv vÃr vhsdudgrv sru sdfrwhv sdud hqwÃr vh0uhp wudqvplwlgrv/ surpryhqgr hqwÃr xpd frqh0{Ãr shupdqhqwh grv gdgrv1 Ghvwh prgr/ vhxvxvxÁulrv qÃr suhflvdp dfhvvdu xp vlvwhpd fdgdyh} txh ghvhmduhp dfhvvr d vhuylÇrv gh gdgrv1Rxwur ehqhiÍflr hvwdehohflgr shod JSUV É r idwrgh txh vhxv xvxÁulrv ghl{dp gh sdjdu shor whp0sr gh xwlol}dÇÃr gd frqh{Ãr rx shor whpsr ghfduuhjdphqwr grv gdgrv h sdvvdp d sdjdu dsh0qdv shorv gdgrv1

D HGJH/ wdpeÉp frqkhflgd frpr 51:8J/ Éghvfulwd frpr xpd yhuvÃr phokrudgd gd JSUV hsru frqwd glvvr/ pxlwrv frqkhfhp0qd frpr H0JSUV +Hqkdqfhg JSUV,1 D HGJH wdpeÉp Éxpd whfqrorjld gh wudqvplvvÃr gh gdgrv gh dowdyhorflgdgh srghqgr wudqvplwlu gdgrv qxpd yhor0flgdgh gh dwÉ 6;7 Nesv1 Dv wd{dv gh wudqvplvvÃrvÃr vxilflhqwhphqwh uÁslgdv sdud vxsruwduhpvwuhdplqj gh Áxglr h yÍghr/ dfhvvr dsulprudgr Àlqwhuqhw h dwÉ phvpr grzqordg gh dutxlyrv pdlv

�9:Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Pxowlsoh{dgru Glvsrvlwlyr txh frglilfd dv lqirupdÇÕhv ghgxdv rx pdlv irqwhv gh gdgrv qxp Úqlfr fdqdo1



shvdgrv1 Hvwd whfqrorjld/ dvvlp frpr dJSUV/ É edvhdgd hp sdfrwhv gdgrv1

Dwxdophqwh/ qr Eudvlo/ dv whfqrorjldv HG0JH h JSUV vÃr iruqhflgdv shodv hpsuhvdv Fod0ur/ Wlp/ Rl/ FWEF h Ylyr1

Uhgh 6JD uhgh 6J/ vxfhvvrud gdv uhghv 4J/ 5J h

518J/ whp frpr phwd r iruqhflphqwr gh vxsruwhd xp dpsor frqmxqwr gh vhuylÇrv gh whohirqld/pxowlpÍgld h lqwhuqhw1 Hvwh sdguÃr/ rihuhfh drvvhxv xvxÁulrv yhorflgdghv gh 477 Nesv hp dpel0hqwhv pÓyhlv +fduurv/ wuhqv/ hwf1,/ 6;7 Nesv hpdpelhqwhv shghvwuhv +fdplqkdqgr, h dwÉ 5 Pesvhp dpelhqwhv il{rv1 Frpr vxdv dqwhfhvvrudv/ d6J wdpeÉp É frpsrvwd sru whfqrorjldv dgmdfhq0whv/ ghvwdfdqgr0vh= XPWV/ FGPD4{HY0GR/ FG0PD 4{HY0GY h KVGSD2KVXSD1

0 XPWV +Xqlyhuvdo Preloh WhohfrppxqlfdwlrqVhuylfh,= Whfqrorjld hp uhvsrqvdelolgdgh gd6JSS 0 xp hviruÇr frqmxqwr gh yÁuldv rujdql}d0ÇÕhv gr pxqgr frp r remhwlyr gh hvwdehohfhuxp vlvwhpd fhoxodu joredo gh 6� JhudÇÃr 0 txhwhp frpr lghdo xp vlvwhpd gh frpxqlfdÇÕhvtxh vxsruwh glyhuvdv idflolgdghv/ ghqwuh hodv=

0 Sruwdgrudv uhdorfÁyhlv/ edqgd dwulexÍyho vreghpdqgd/ sru h{hpsor= 5 Pesv sdud frpxql0fdÇÕhv hp dpelhqwhv lqwhuqrv h shor phqrv477 Nesv sdud dpelhqwhv h{whuqrv>

0 Ydulhgdgh gh wlsrv gh wuÁihjr frpsduwlokdqgrr phvpr phlr>

0 WdulidÇÃr dghtxdgd sdud dsolfdÇÕhv pxowlpÍ0gld>

0 Idflolgdgh gh lpsohphqwdÇÃr gh qryrv vhuyl0Çrv/ sru h{hpsor= xwlol}dÇÃr gh ihuudphqwdv ghuhgh lqwholjhqwh>

0 ZOO +Zluhohvv Orfdo Orrs, gh edqgd odujd1 RZOO gh edqgd hvwuhlwd whp vlgr xwlol}dgr hpvxevwlwxlÇÃr drv ilrv2fderv gh freuh sdud fr0qhfwdu whohirqhv h rxwurv glvsrvlwlyrv gh frpx0qlfdÇÃr frp d uhgh gh whohirqld frpxwdgdsÚeolfd1

Xpd fdudfwhuÍvwlfd lpsruwdqwh gr sdguÃr XPWV Ér idwr gh vhu frpsdwÍyho frp HGJH h JSUV/ srv0vlelolwdqgr r xvxÁulr vdlu gh xpd Áuhd gh frehuwxudXPWV h vhu dxwrpdwlfdphqwh wudqvihulgr sdudxpd uhgh HGJH rx JSUV fdvr kdmd xpd gdv gx0dv glvsrqÍyhlv1 D XPWV É edvhdgd hp LS +LqwhuqhwSurwrfro, h rihuhfh vxsruwh À yr} h sdfrwhv gh gd0grv1 D uhgh rshud hp 5433 PK}/ hqwuhwdqwr/ hp do0jxpdv uhjlÕhv rshud hp ;83/ 4:33 rx 4<33 PK}1

0 FGPD 4{HY0GR +Hyroxwlrq/ Gdwd0Rswpl}hg,= Hv0wd É d sulphlud hwdsd gr surfhvvr gh hyroxÇÃr gdFGPD sdud 6J/ srvvxlqgr dowd shuirupdqfh qdwudqvplvvÃr gh gdgrv/ sdvvdqgr sru xpd wd{dpÉgld gh wudqvplvvÃr gh 633 À 833 Nesv h srghq0gr fkhjdu À xpd yhorflgdgh gh dwÉ 517 Pesv1 QrEudvlo/ hvwd whfqrorjld É xwlol}dgd shod Hpeudwho sd0ud whohirqld il{d h shod Ylyr hp dojxpdv flgdghvgr sdÍv1 Vhx ixqflrqdphqwr h{ljh d xwlol}dÇÃr ghgxdv sruwdgrudv/ vhqgr xpd sdud yr} h rxwud sdudgdgrv1 D uhgh rshud hp ;33 h 4<33 PK}1

0 FGPD 4{HY0GY +Hyroxwlrq/ Gdwd dqg Yrlfh,= Hv0wd É d vhjxqgd hwdsd gd hyroxÇÃr FGPD sdud 6J/rqgh/ dr frqwuÁulr gd FGPD 4{HY0GR/ xpd Úqlfdsruwdgrud srghuld vhuld ghglfdgd d yr} h gdgrv drphvpr whpsr1 Hp whvh/ hvwd whfqrorjld xwlol}dqgrgxdv sruwdgrudv/ srghuld dofdqÇdu r greuh gh yhor0flgdgh gd dqwhulru/ srghqgr fkhjdu dwÉ 71; Pesv1SruÉp/ hvwd whfqrorjld irl ghvfrqwlqxdgd shodTxdofrpp gxudqwh vhx ghvhqyroylphqwr1

0 KVGSD +Kljk Vshhg Grzqolqn Sdfnhw Dffhvv, 2KVXSD +Kljk Vshhg Xsolqn Sdfnhw Dffhvv,= RKVGSD2KVXSD deud sruwdv d xpd jdpd gh srvvl0elolgdgh hp vh idodqgr gh lqwhudwlylgdgh/ rqgh vhxvxvxÁulrv srghp hqyldu h uhfhehu h0pdlov frpjudqgh dutxlyrv dqh{dgrv/ mrjxhp rqolqh hp whp0sr uhdo/ uhfhedp h hqylhp yÍghrv h lpdjhqv hpdowd uhvroxÇÃr/ idÇdp grzqordgv gh yÍghrv rx ghpÚvlfdv/ iltxhp frqhfwdgrv uhprwdphqwh drvvhxv frpsxwdgruhv/ hqwuh rxwudv frlvdv/ dwudyÉvgh vhx vpduwskrqh/ wdeohw/ fhoxodu rx txdotxhu glv0srvlwlyr pÓyho1 D whfqrorjld KVGSD uhihuh0vh drÀ wd{d gh wudqvplvvÃr gh gdgrv sdud r glvsrvlwl0yr/ hp rxwudv sdodyudv/ É d wd{d gh wudqvihuÊqfldgh grzqordg gh gdgrv1 MÁ d KVXSD hvwÁ oljdgd

�9;Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj



À yhorflgdgh uhodwlyd À xsordgv/ rx vhmd/ d wd{dgh wudqvihuÊqfld qr hqylr gh dutxlyrv/ vhmd sruh0pdlo/ frpsduwlokdphqwr gh lqirupdÇÕhv/ rxtxdotxhu dwlylgdgh uhodwlyd d hqylr gh dutxlyrv1R KVGSD shuplwh wudqvlÇÕhv txh srghp fkhjdudwÉ 4717 Pesv hp xpd edqgd gh 8 PK}1 MÁ dKVXSD srgh fkhjdu d xpd wd{d gh wudqvihuÊqfldgh dwÉ 81:9 Pesv wdpeÉp qxpd edqgd gh8PK}1 Frp lvwr/ wruqd0vh srvvÍyho r dofdqfh ghqrydv srvvlelolgdghv gh vhuylÇrv pxowlpÍgld txhxwlol}dp xpd wudqvplvvÃr edqgd odujd hp glvsr0vlwlyrv pÓyhlv1

Uhgh 7JSru ilp/ d Úowlpd vxfhvvrud dwÉ r suhvhqwh

prphqwr h dwÉ hqwÃr d pdlv dydqÇdgd hp whu0prv whfqroÓjlfrv= d txduwd jhudÇÃr gh uhghv pÓ0yhlv1 D uhgh 7J vhuÁ wrwdophqwh edvhdgd hp LS/sruÉp/ glihuhqwhphqwh gd XPWV/ hvwd É frpsrv0wd sru gxdv qrydv whfqrorjldv= ZlPD[ h OWH+Orqj Whup Hyroxwlrq,1 R remhwlyr gd 7J É dofdq0Çdu d frqyhujÊqfld hqwuh uhghv +fder h vhp ilr,/ehp frpr glvsrvlwlyrv hohwuÔqlfrv +frpsxwdgr0uhv/ vpduwskrqhv/ wdeohwv/ hwf1, frp r lqwxlwr ghsuryhu yhorflgdghv gh wudqvplvvÃr gh gdgrv ghdwÉ 433 Pesv hp prylphqwr h dwÉ 8 Jesv hpdpelhqwhv il{rv/ jdudqwlqgr txdolgdgh h vhjxudq0Çd h frqvhtxhqwhphqwh shuplwlqgr qrydv h{shul0Êqfld frp dowdv wudqvplvvÕhv gh gdgrv1

DoÉp grv ehqhiÍflrv mÁ dsuhvhqwdgrv shodv whfqr0orjldv dqwhfhvvrudv/ d 7J wud} qrydv whfqrorjldvfrqvljr/ srghqgr0vh ghvwdfdu= Ylghr0Fkdw/ prel0oh WY/ frqwhÚgr KGWY/ gljlwdo ylghr Eurdgfdv0wlqj/ qwhurshudelolgdgh hqwuh glyhuvrv sdguÕhv ghuhgh vhp ilr/ ghqwuh rxwudv1

Rxwud fdudfwhuÍvwlfd lpsruwdqwh É r idwr ghtxh wrgrv rv vhuylÇrv vhuÃr suhvwdgrv rehghfhq0gr suhplvvdv gh rwlpl}dÇÃr gh xvr gr hvshfwur/wurfd gh sdfrwhv hp dpelhqwh LS/ judqgh fdsdfl0gdgh gh xvxÁulrv vlpxowÂqhrv/ edqgd pÍqlpd gh433 Pesv sdud xvxÁulrv pÓyhlv h 4 Jesv sdudglvsrvlwlyrv il{rv1

D whfqrorjld 7J dlqgd qÃr fkhjrx dr Eud0vlo/ sruÉp/ gh dfrugr frp DjÊqfld Eudvlo/ Duwxu

Frlpeud gh Rolyhlud/ Gluhwru gr Ghsduwdphqwr ghEdqgd Odujd gr PlqlvwÉulr gdv FrpxqlfdÇÕhv/dwÉ r lqÍflr gd Frsd gr Pxqgr gh 5347/ dv suhv0wdgrudv gh vhuylÇrv ghyhuÃr rihuhfhu 7J dr sÚ0eolfr gh wrgdv dv 45 flgdghv txh vhglduhp rvmrjrv gr fdpshrqdwr1

FrqfoxvÃrQr lqÍflr grv dqrv ;3 frqkhfÍdprv uhgh

4J/ d sulphlud uhgh pÓyho gd klvwÓuld/ edvhdgdhp whfqrorjldv dqdoÓjlfdv/ frp htxlsdphqwrv%suÉ0klvwÓulfrv% h frp ehqhiÍflrv txdvh qxorv/h{fhwr shor idwr gd frpxqlfdÇÃr uhprwd ghtxdotxhu oxjdu d txdotxhu krud1 Qdtxhod Ésrfdwrgrv ilfÁydprv h{wdvldgrv frp %wdpdqkd% lqr0ydÇÃr1 Wulqwd dqrv ghsrlv/ srghprv ylvoxpeudupdlv xpd reud whfqroÓjlfd= d uhgh 7J/ frp eh0qhiÍflrv txdvh lqilqlwrv/ vhjxudqÇd/ lqrydÇÃr hwxgr txh qhp lpdjlqÁydprv qd Ésrfd gr qdvfl0phqwr gd uhgh 4J1 Lvwr/ phxv fdurv/ É vÓ xpdshtxhqd dprvwud gr txh É d lqrydÇÃr whfqroÓjl0fd h gh frpr qrydv whfqrorjldv vxujhp txdqgrphqrv hvshudprv/ txdqgr lpdjlqdprv txh dwhfqrorjld hqfrqwud0vh hp vhx dxjh pdlv sohqrsrvvÍyho1

Frqfoxr ilqdophqwh gl}hqgr txh= d uhgh7J/ phvpr frp d sohqd jdpd gh srvvlelolgdghvdsuhvhqwdgdv krmh/ qÃr vhuÁ r ilp1

Sdud pdlv lqirupdÇÕhv=bbb kwws=22yd1px2JeUPbbb kwws=22yd1px2JeUzbbb kwws=22yd1px2JeU:bbb kwws=22yd1px2JeVGbbb kwws=22yd1px2JeVNbbb kwws=22yd1px2JeVZbbb kwws=22yd1px2JeVf

WD\QÍ ERQDOGR JXDOEHUWR �judgxdqgr hp Fl�qfldv gd Frpsxwd��r/dwxd qr ghvhqyroylphqwr gh dsolfdwlyrvp�yhlv frp dv sodwdirupdv EodfnEhuu|/Dqgurlg h Mdyd PH h frp jdudqwld ghtxdolgdgh gh vriwzduh h irl surihvvru ghlqirup�wlfd hp glyhuvdv hvfrodv ghfxuvrv olyuhv1

�9<Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj



http://va.mu/GbRM

http://va.mu/GbRw

http://va.mu/GbR7

http://va.mu/GbSD

http://va.mu/GbSK

http://va.mu/GbSW

http://va.mu/GbSc

Jrrjoh.d qryd uhgh

vrfldo gr JrrjohSru Jxvwdyr Iuhlwdv

�:3

LQWHUQHW � JRRJOH SOXV



Hp 5; gh mxqkr gh 5344 rJrrjoh dqxqflrx r odqÇdphqwrgh vxd pdlv qryd uhgh vrfldo/ rJrrjoh. +oÊ0vh Soxv,/ pdlv xpdwhqwdwlyd gd jljdqwh gh exvfdvqd whqwdwlyd gh frqfruuhu frp rIdfherrn qr oxfudwlyr phufdgrgdv uhghv vrfldlv1 R Jrrjoh mÁwhqwrx uhfhqwhphqwh frp rJrrjoh Zdyh +ghvfrqwlqxdgr,h Jrrjoh Ex}} +lqwhjudgr drJrrjoh.,/ pdv qÃr frqvhjxlxhpsodfdu vhxv surgxwrv/ r txhghl{d xp rokdu gh ghvfrqildq0Çd grv pdlv h{shulhqwhv qdvqrydv whfqrorjldv gd zhe 513wdpeÉp vreuh r Jrrjoh.1

R Jrrjoh. prvwud txh r Jrrjoh dsuhqghxd olÇÃr/ srlv É xp surgxwr pdlv pdgxur h frpqrylgdghv h dshuihlÇrdphqwrv gh ihuudphqwdv mÁh{lvwhqwhv txh srghp vhu d glihuhqÇd frpshwlwl0yd gh txh suhflvdyd sdud frqfruuhu hp ljxdogd0ghv gh frqglÇÕhv frp r Idfherrn1

R Jrrjoh. hvwÁ hp idvh gh whvwhv h sdudfuldu vhx shuilo É qhfhvvÁulr xp frqylwh gh xpxvxÁulr txh mÁ hvwhmd qd uhgh vrfldo1 Phvpr hpidvh gh whvwhv h frp wrgd d ghvfrqildqÇd grv iud0fdvvrv uhfhqwhv gr Jrrjoh/ d uhgh vrfldo dofdq0Çrx qr gld 45 gh mxokr d pdufd gh 43 plokÕhv ghxvxÁulrv/ xpd pdufd lpsuhvvlrqdqwh vh iru ohyd0gr hp frqwd txh sdud hqwudu qd uhgh É qhfhvvÁ0ulr xp frqylwh +txh qhp vhpsuh hvwÁ glvsrqÍyhosdud vhu hqyldgr,1 D hvwlpdwlyd É txh greuh qrvsuÓ{lprv gldv/ vh rv frqylwhv frqwlqxduhp olehud0grv1

R Jrrjoh. luÁ lqwhjudu/ drv srxfrv/ wrgrvrv surgxwrv Jrrjoh h qr prphqwr r JrrjohEx}}/ Jrrjoh Surilohv/ Slfdvd/ Jrrjoh .4 hJWdon mÁ hvwÃr lqwhjudgrv shuplwlqgr txh rvxvxÁulrv qÃr suhflvhp vdlu gd uhgh vrfldo sdudxwlol}du hvvdv ihuudphqwdv1

Uhfxuvrv sulqflsdlv gr Jrrjoh.0 FÍufxorv= R Jrrjoh. lqryrx dr vdlu gd phv0plfh gh txh wrgrv rv txh qrv vhjxhp qdv uh0ghv vrfldlv vÃr qrvvrv dpljrv1 Qd ylgd uhdo qÃrÉ dvvlp h qdv uhghv vrfldlv wdpeÉp qÃr ghyhuldvhu1 Frp rv fÍufxorv yrfÊ whp d rsÇÃr gh fodvvl0ilfdu dv shvvrdv txh txhu vhjxlu hp yÁuldv fdwh0jruldv/ frpr Dpljrv/ Frqkhflgrv/ IdpÍold htxdotxhu rxwur fÍufxor txh yrfÊ dfkdu qhfhvvÁ0ulr fuldu1 Txdqgr iru hqyldu xpd phqvdjhp txhlqwhuhvvh vrphqwh d xp fÍufxor/ yrfÊ hvfrokhhvvh fÍufxor h hqyld/ hylwdqgr dvvlp lpsruwxqdurxwurv xvxÁulrv txh qÃr hvwÃr lqwhuhvvdgrv qd0txhoh dvvxqwr1 YrfÊ wdpeÉp srgh vhohflrqdusdud ohu vrphqwh r vwuhdp gh xp ghwhuplqdgrfÍufxor/ ghshqghqgr gr dvvxqwr hp txh hvwhmdlqwhuhvvdgr qdtxhoh prphqwr1

0 Kdqjrxw= Frp r kdqjrxw yrfÊ srgh uhdol}duxpd yÍghr frqihuÊqfld frp rv lqwhjudqwhv grJrrjoh.1 DwÉ 43 shvvrdv srghp sduwlflsdu qhv0

�:4Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj



vh sulphlur prphqwr1 MÁ whvwhl r vhuylÇr h dfkhllqwhuhvvdqwh sdud fhuwdv rfdvlÕhv/ frpr edwh0sd0srv hqwuh xp juxsr gh dpljrv hp orfdlv glihuhq0whv rx xpd uhxqlÃr gh qhjÓflrv +wrpdqgr rghylgr fxlgdgr sdud qÃr ghl{du r kdqjrxw dehuwrsdud r sÚeolfr,1

0 Vsdunv= Frp r vsdunv yrfÊ whp xp ihhg ghqrwÍfldv vreuh rv dvvxqwrv txh pdlv okh lqwhuhv0vdp1 H{lvwhp dvvxqwrv suÉ0fdgdvwudgrv/ pdv yr0fÊ srgh fuldu vhxv suÓsulrv vsdunv hdfrpsdqkdu rv dvvxqwrv vreuh dtxhoh whpd gluh0wdphqwh gh vhx shuilo1 Vhuld frpr xp ihhg gh qr0wÍfldv ghqwur gd uhgh vrfldo/ ghvvd pdqhlud wrgdd lqirupdÇÃr txh yrfÊ qhfhvvlwd hvwduÁ ehpdedl{r gh vhx shuilo/ qd ded Vsdunv1

0 Vwuhdp= YrfÊ xwlol}d r vwuhdp sdud frpsduwl0okdu dv qrylgdghv sdud vhxv fÍufxorv1 YrfÊ srghsrvwdu yÍghrv/ olqnv/ irwrv h dwÉ phvpr vxd orfd0ol}dÇÃr1 © dtxl txh dv frlvdv dfrqwhfhp/ yrfÊtxhu idodu dojr sdud wrgrv +SÚeolfr, rx sdud xpfÍufxor hp hvshfldoB Edvwd hvfuhyhu h vhohflrqdur fÍufxor1 Dlqgd É srvvÍyho hqyldu wdpeÉp gluhwd0phqwh sdud h0pdlov/ phvpr gh shvvrdv txh dlq0gd qÃr whqkdp shuilo qd uhgh vrfldo1 HodvsrghuÃr ohu r frqwhÚgr/ pdv qÃr srghuÃr ylvxdol0}du r ruljlqdo qr Jrrjoh.1

FrqfoxvÃrHvwrx xwlol}dqgr r Jrrjoh. ghvgh r vhjxq0

gr gld gh vhx odqÇdphqwr h ph lpsuhvvlrqd/ qhv0vh sulphlur prphqwr/ d vlpsolflgdgh ghvvd uhghvrfldo/ frp d pdufd Jrrjoh gh vhu/ ylvxdo fohdq/olpsr/ frp wrgdv dv ixqÇÕhv vhqgr idflophqwhhqfrqwudgdv h xpd sÁjlqd gh dmxgd pdlv txhfrpsohwd sdud dx{loldu rv lqlfldqwhv1

Vh r Jrrjoh. ydl yhqfhu d edwdokd frqwud rIdfherrn/ vÓ r whpsr srghuÁ qrv uhyhodu1 R txhdilupr É txh frp d lqwhjudÇÃr gh wrgrv rv sur0gxwrv gr Jrrjoh d uhgh vrfldo h frp r erwÃr .4lqwhjudgr d judqgh pdlruld grv vlwhv h eorjv grpxqgr/ vhuÁ pxlwr gliÍflo ljqrudu rx dwÉ phvprghl{du gh xwlol}du hvvd sodwdirupd vrfldo1

�:5Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj


JXVWDYR DQGU© GH IUHLWDV ÉEdfkduho hp Vlvwhpdv gh LqirupdÇÃr/wudedokd frp Ghvhqyroylphqwr Zhe hdgplqlvwud yÁulrv eorjv/ hqwuh hohv r JIVroxÇÕhv +kwws=22zzz1jivroxfrhv1qhw, h rTxhur Fuldu xp Eorj +kwws=22zzz1txhurfulduxpeorj1frp1eu,/ rqgh dsuhqghx pxlwrvreuh d zhe 513 h r pxqgr grv eorjv1


http://www.clubedohacker.com.br


PÃr qd pdvvd

Sru Jxlokhuph Pd}hwwr

�:6

LQWHUQHW � ZRUGSUHVV QR PHUFDGR GH WUDEDOKR

R ZrugSuhvv qr phufdgr gh wudedokr

Cada vez mais o software livre se faz presente no cotidiano de empresas que encontraram

diferentes formas de se obter lucro com o uso especializado dos sistemas Open Source. Ao

mesmo passo, no ramo dos gerenciadores de conteúdo para web, o WordPress é prova desse

avanço com suas constantes versões atualizadas e milhões de usuários por todo o mundo. Para

se ter uma idéia do alcance do CMS, a última versão 3.2 já possui mais de 5 milhões de

downloads1 em pouco mais de um mês de seu lançamento. Diante desse poder de dissiminação e

do fácil acesso a seus recursos, os profissionais que atuam com web e optam pela utilização do

Wordpress em seus projetos acabam por se adaptarem ao sistema. No entanto é possível

observar nesse cenário atual certas dificuldades e métodos retrógrados para realização de jobs,

que muitas vezes, são resultados da má informação por parte desses mesmos profissionais.



Derugdqgr r vhwru gh surjudpdÇÃr/ ghvljqh ghpdlv Áuhdv gh ghvhqyroylphqwr> ghvwdfd0vhfrpr fdxvd gh judqgh sduwh grv sureohpdv dghvydorul}dÇÃr huuÔqhd gr phufdgr/ rulxqgd sulq0flsdophqwh gr surilvvlrqdo txh rihuhfh vhxv vhu0ylÇrv doldgr dr ZrugSuhvv1 R idwr É txh pxlwrvqÃr srvvxhp d frqvflÊqfld gh txh r Zrug0Suhvv/ dvvlp frpr txdotxhu rxwur FPV/ É dsh0qdv xpd ihuudphqwd d pdlv sdud h{hfxÇÃr ghxp wudedokr h qÃr xpd vroxÇÃr surqwd sdud hoh1

Gh idwr r vlvwhpd rihuhfh xpd vÉulh gh uh0fxuvrv txh idflolwdp r wudedokr gdtxhohv txh rxwlol}dp/ sduwlqgr gh lqvwuxÇÕhv hvshfÍilfdv sdudd htxlsh gh surjudpdgruhv dwÉ r dpelhqwh djud0gÁyho h sursÍflr gh vh wudedokdu drv jhvwruhv ghfrqwhÚgr1 SruÉp/ qhqkxp wudedokr É ihlwr vhptxh h{lvwd r frqkhflphqwr wÉfqlfr sru wuÁv ghoh1Uhwrpdqgr dv gxdv surilvvÕhv frpr h{hpsor/gh txh dgldqwduld d frpsohwd jxld gh ixqÇÕhv grZrugSuhvv vh r uhvsrqvÁyho shod fuldÇÃr gh xpWhpd rx Soxjlq qÃr wlyhu frqkhflphqwr gd phv0pd sdud vdehu xwlol}Á0od1 Vhp frqwdu dlqgd txhh{lvwhp rxwurv frqkhflphqwrv qhfhvvÁulrv sduddofdqÇdu xp qÍyho vdwlvidwÓulr gh hqwhqglphqwrgrv uhfxuvrv rihuhflgrv shor vlvwhpd> vhmd dpdlv eÁvlfd pdufdÇÃr KWPO/ ghfodudÇÕhv ghSKS/ lqwhudÇÃr frp P|VTO rx yÁulrv rxwurv idwr0uhv txh yÃr ghwhuplqdu d txdolgdgh gr wudedokr dvhu h{hfxwdgr1

R phvpr srgh vh gl}hu sdud rv uhvsrqvÁ0yhlv shor frqwhÚgr gr surmhwr/ sru pdlv lqwxlwlydtxh vhmd d xwlol}dÇÃr gr ZrugSuhvv/ É suhflvr gh0glfdu hvwxgr sdud dsuhqghu vhxv uhfxuvrv h vd0ehu rswdu fruuhwdphqwh sru txdlv xwlol}du1 Pxlwdvyh}hv r surilvvlrqdo É fdsd} gh uhvxplu krudv ghwudedokr hp plqxwrv vh vrxehu ghwhuplqdu d fdx0vd h frqkhfhu d vroxÇÃr gh xp fhuwr sureohpd1

Ylvwr frpr idwru ghwhuplqdqwh sdud d txdol0gdgh gh xp surmhwr d pÃr0gh0reud hvshfldol}dgdgh xp surilvvlrqdo gd Áuhd/ frpr hqwÃr mxvwlilfdud suÁwlfd grv ruÇdphqwrv lpsudwlfÁyhlv/ ehpdedl{r gr ydoru gh phufdgrB Vdoyr rv fdvrv ghpÁ frqgxwd surilvvlrqdo/ hvvd ghsuhfldÇÃr h{lvwhmxvwdphqwh hp ud}Ãr gr qÃr hqwhqglphqwr gd

ixqÇÃr gr ZrugSuhvv qr wudedokr d vhu h{hfxwd0gr1 Gh fhuwr qÃr whuld judqgh glihuhqÇd d xp uh0gdwru suhsdudu vhx pdwhuldo dwudyÉv grGdvkerdug rx gh xp hglwru gh wh{wrv ghvnwrs/frpr wdpeÉp qÃr lqwhuihuh qr prghor gh wuded0okr gh xp zhe ghvljqhu d dsuhvhqwdÇÃr gh xpdsursrvwd juÁilfd sdud xp mre d vhu lpsodqwdgr qrZrugSuhvv rx hp rxwud sodwdirupd1

H{lvwh xpd huudgd whqgÊqfld qr phufdgrtxh surfxud prgxodu/ hvwhuhrwlsdu h hqjhvvdu rwudedokr frp d ihuudphqwd txdqgr qd yhugdgh dsursrvwd txh hod wud} É mxvwdphqwh d frqwuÁuld=idflolwdu ghwhuplqdgrv wudedokrv pdvvdqwhv ghprgr d srvvlelolwdu txh vhx xvxÁulr whqkd pdlvwhpsr h olehugdgh sdud lqrydu/ wudedokdu frptxdolgdgh1

Dsuhqghu d xwlol}du r ZrugSuhvv hp wrgdvdv vxdv prgdolgdghv h frp wrgrv rv uhfxuvrv Ér sulphlur sdvvr sdud d uhdol}dÇÃr gh xp erpwudedokr1 Hqwhqghu txh r vlvwhpd É dshqdv xpphlr sdud uhdol}dÇÃr ghvvh mre wdpeÉp É hv0vhqfldo sdud wulokdu hvvh fdplqkr1 D hvvhv idwr0uhv vÃr dglflrqdgdv d fdsdflgdgh surgxwlyd/lqwhohfwxdo h fuldwlyd grv xvxÁulrv h orjr srghvhu qrwdgr txh r xvr gd ihuudphqwd qÃr lpsolfdhp ghvfuÉglwr sdud rv xwlol}dgruhv/ shor frqwuÁ0ulr/ dshqdv djuhjd ydoru dr uhvxowdgr ilqdo rewl0gr1

UhihuÊqfld=

4 0 kwws=22zrugsuhvv1ruj2grzqordg2frxqwhu2

�:7

Jxlokhuph Pd}hwwr W�fq�orjr hpLqirup�wlfd shod Idwhf Mdkx/ iuhhodqfhuixoo0wlph hvshfldol}dgr hpghvhqyroylphqwr ZrugSuhvv/ fuldgru hpdqwhqhgru gr vlwh Jxld ZrugSuhvv/froxqlvwd gr Lpdvwhuv1

LQWHUQHW � ZRUGSUHVV QR PHUFDGR GH WUDEDOKR


http://wordpress.org/download/counter/

Hvwh fdsÍwxor ghprqvwud r ghvhqyroylphqwrgr dsolfdwlyr1 Irl xwlol}dgr r edqfr gh gdgrvP|VTO 814 sdud r dupd}hqdphqwr grv gdgrv/ deleolrwhfd JWN5 sdud r ghvhqyroylphqwr h gh0vljq gdv whodv h SKS 8 sdud ghvhqyroylphqwr grvriwzduh1

D Iljxud 34 loxvwud d whod sulqflsdo gr vlvwh0pd1 Qhod kÁ dv sulqflsdlv rsÇÕhv txh r xvxÁulrsrghuÁ h{hfxwdu qr vriwzduh1

D Iljxud 35 dsuhvhqwd d whod sdud jhuhqfl0du rv folhqwhv1 Qhod r xvxÁulr whp xpd olvwd grvÚowlprv folhqwhv fdgdvwudgrv h dv rsÇÕhv dglflr0qdu/ hglwdu/ h{foxlu/ ylvxdol}du h orfdol}du> h wdp0eÉp dglflrqdu xp hqghuhÇr sdud r folhqwh1

D Iljxud 36 dsuhvhqwd d whod sdud dglflrqduxp hqghuhÇr dr folhqwh ghvhmdgr1 Qhod/ r xvxÁ0ulr whp d ylvxdol}dÇÃr gr hqghuhÇr fdgdvwudgr hdv rsÇÕhv dglflrqdu/ hglwdu/ h{foxlu h ylvxdol}du1

OOWWVVSS==LpsohphqwdÇÃr gr vriwzduh/

sulqflsdlv uhihuÊqfldv h frpdqgrv

Sru IdeuÍflr DudÚmr

�:9

UHGH � OWVS= VRIWZDUH/ UHIHUªQFLDV H FRPDQGRV

Iljxud 34Whod sulqflsdo

Iljxud 35Whod prvwudqgr r glÁorjr sdud Jhuhqfldu Folhqwhv



Qd Iljxud 37 É dsuhvhqwdgd d whod gh frq0wuroh gr vlvwhpd1 Qhod/ r xvxÁulr srgh olehudu/ eor0txhdu xp whuplqdo h wdpeÉp srgh h{foxlu hshvtxlvdu xp orj mÁ dglflrqdgr dr vlvwhpd1 Hvwhorj É jhudgr wrgd yh} txh r ixqflrqÁulr olehuduxp whuplqdo sdud xp folhqwh xwlol}du xpd hvwdÇÃrfrqhfwdgd dr vhuylgru1 Qhvwd whod wdpeÉp h{lvwhxpd olvwd txh prvwud rv Úowlprv orjv jhudgrv qrvlvwhpd1

D Iljxud 38 dsuhvhqwd d whod gh dmxgd grvlvwhpd1 Qhod/ r xvxÁulr whp dfhvvr d lqirupd0ÇÕhv vreuh d olfhqÇd gr vriwzduh h fuÉglwrv/ rvsulqflsdlv sdufhlurv gr wudedokr h olqnv sdud wludugÚylgdv vreuh r vlvwhpd1

D Iljxud 39 dsuhvhqwd d whod gh eortxhlrgh whuplqdo txh dsduhfh qdv hvwdÇÕhv dvvlp txhhihwxdp r errw qr vhuylgru1 DsÓv r ixqflrqÁulrvrolflwdu d dÇÃr gh olehudu r whuplqdo sdud xp fol0hqwh/ hvwd whod vdl dxwrpdwlfdphqwh/ dvvlp oleh0udqgr dr folhqwh r dfhvvr drv dsolfdwlyrv grvlvwhpd1

�::

Iljxud 36Hvwd whod prvwud r glÁorjr Dglflrqdu HqghuhÇr

Iljxud 37Whod txh prvwud r Frqwuroh gh Dfhvvr

Iljxud 38Whod prvwudqgr lqirupdÇÕhv vreuh vriwzduh

Iljxud 39Whod gh Eortxhlr gh Whuplqdo





FrqfoxvÃrDv lqrydÇÕhv whfqroÓjlfdv hvwÃr vh ghvhq0

yroyhqgr hp xpd yhorflgdgh fdgd yh} pdlru drorqjr gr whpsr/ h xpd txhvwÃr lpsruwdqwÍvvlpd dvhu glvfxwlgd É r txh id}hu frp dv fuldÇÕhv xowud0sdvvdgdv txh mÁ qÃr dwhqghp À ghpdqgd grvfrqvxplgruhv h qÃr vxsruwdp rv qryrv vriwzduhvfrp ixqÇÕhv dshuihlÇrdgdv1 R ol{r hohwuÔqlfr ph0uhfh xpd dwhqÇÃr hvshfldo gh wrgrv/ srlv dr ghv0fduwduprv dv whfqrorjldv xowudsdvvdgdv/ hvwdprvfuldqgr xp sureohpd dpelhqwdo/ ghvdilr qÃr vÓsdud rv slrqhlurv hp fuldÇÕhv whfqroÓjlfdv/ pdvwdpeÉp sdud wrgr r sodqhwd1

Vhqgr dvvlp/ d hpsuhvd/ hqwhqghqgr djudqgh ydqwdjhp gd xwlol}dÇÃr gh vriwzduh olyuh/gh glvwulexlÇÕhv Olqx{ h gd whfqrorjld gh whupl0qdlv ohyhv/ rswrx sru ghvhqyroyhu xp vhuylgru hxp vlvwhpd sdud xwlol}du hp vxd uhgh orfdo h uhd0suryhlwdu wdlv frpsxwdgruhv revrohwrv dwudyÉv grvhuylgru OWVS1

Sruwdqwr/ irl ghvhqyroylgr xp vhuylgru OWVSxvdqgr d glvwulexlÇÃr Xexqwx h xp vriwzduh sdudjhuhqfldu rv whuplqdlv frqhfwdgrv d hvwh vhuylgru/vhpsuh ylvdqgr idflolgdgh/ edl{r fxvwr h uhdsur0yhlwdphqwr gh pÁtxlqdv1

D sursrvwd ghvhqyroylgd srgh vhu xwlol}dgdhp hvfrodv/ eleolrwhfdv/ fhqwurv frpxqlwÁulrv/ sur0mhwrv vrfldlv/ dmxgdqgr hp surfhvvrv gh lqfoxvÃrgljlwdo/ doÉp gh id}hu r uhdsuryhlwdphqwr gh pÁ0txlqdv dqwljdv/ glplqxlqgr r lqyhvwlphqwr hp qr0ydv pÁtxlqdv/ doldqgr d suhrfxsdÇÃr hfroÓjlfdgh uhgx}lu r ol{r hohwuÔqlfr h gdu xp qryr ghvwlqrÀv pdtxlqdv txh vhuldp ghvfduwdgdv qr phlr dp0elhqwh1

UhihuÊqfldv

bERRFK/ Judg|> UXPEDXJK/ Mdphv> MDFREVRQ/ Lydu1XPO= jxld gr xvxÁulr1 Wudg1 IÁelr Iuhlwdv gd Vloyd1 Ulr ghMdqhlur= Fdpsxv/ 53331bGDOO*RJOLR/ Sdeor1 SKS0JWN= Fuldqgr DsolfdÇÕhvJuÁilfdv frp SKS1 51 hg1 VÃr Sdxor= Qrydwhf/ 533:1bGDYLG/ Pduflr Iud|}h1 SurjudpdÇÃr Rulhqwdgd dRemhwrv= xpd lqwurgxÇÃr 0 kwws=22yd1px2IOIRbGLIHUHQ§DV HQWUH KXE/ VZLWFK H URWHDGRU1kwws=22yd1px2IOIkbIUDQFR/ Hgxdugr Ihuuhlud1 Xp prghor ghjhuhqfldphqwr gh surmhwrv edvhdgr qdv phwrgrorjldvÁjhlv gh ghvhqyroylphqwr gh vriwzduh h qrv sulqfÍslrv gdsurgxÇÃr hq{xwd1 446 i1 GlvvhuwdÇÃr +Phvwudgr, 0 Xvs/Hvfrod SrolwÉfqlfd +hs, VÃr Sdxor/ 533:1kwws=22yd1px2IOI9bIUDQNOLQ/ Fxuw> FRXVWDQ/ Gdyh1 Krz RshudwlqjV|vwhpv Zrun1 kwws=22yd1px2IOJQbOWVS1 kwws=22yd1px2IOJgbPHOR/ Dqd Fulvwlqd1 Ghvhqyroyhqgr dsolfdÇÕhv frpXPO 513= gr frqfhlwxdo À lpsohphqwdÇÃr1 5 hg1 Ulr ghMdqhlur= Eudvsruw/ 53371bPRULPRWR/ Fduorv Hgxdugr1 Olqx{/ Hqwhqghqgr rVlvwhpd= Jxld SuÁwlfr1 Sruwr Dohjuh= Phulglrqdo/ 53391bPRULPRWR/ Fduorv1 Kdugzduh/ r Jxld Ghilqlwlyr1kwws=22yd1px2IOJzbbPRULPRWR/ Fduorv1 Uhghv h Vhuylgruhv Olqx{/ 5hg1kwws=22yd1px2IOJ7bPRULPRWR/ Fduorv1 Uhghv/ Jxld SuÁwlfr1kwws=22yd1px2IOKKPRULPRWR/ Fduorv1 Vhuylgruhv Olqx{/ Jxld SuÁwlfr1kwws=22yd1px2IOM[bSUHVVPDQ/ Urjhu V1 Hqjhqkduld gh Vriwzduh1WudgxÇÃr MrvÉ Fduorv Eduervd grv Vdqwrv1 UhylvÃr MrvÉFduorv Pdogrqdwr/ Sdxor FÉvdu Pdvlhur/ Urvho| Vdqfkhv1VÃr Sdxor= Shduvrq Hgxfdwlrq gr Eudvlo/ 4<<81bVLOEHUVFKDW]/ Deudkdp> NRUWK/ Khqu| I1>VXGDUVKDQ V1 Vlvwhpd gh Edqfr gh Gdgrv1 6� hg1 ^VÃr Sdxor= Pdnurq Errnv/ 4<<<1bVRPPHUYLOOH/ Ldq1 Hqjhqkduld gh Vriwzduh1 0 ;1 hg1VÃr Sdxor= Shduvrq Dgglvrq Zhvoh|/ 533:1bWDQHQEDXP/ Dqguhz V11 Uhghv gh Frpsxwdgruhv1WudgxÇÃr Ydqghqehuj G1 gh Vrx}d1 UhylvÃr HgjdugMdpkrxu/ Gu1 71 hg1 VÃr Sdxor= Fdpsxv Owgd/ 53361bWDQHQEDXP/ Dqguhz V1> ZRRGKXOO/ Doehuw V11Vlvwhpdv Rshudflrqdlv1 51 hg1 Sruwr Dohjuh= DuwphgHglwrud V1d1/ 53351 :8<s1

�:;



http://va.mu/FLFO

http://va.mu/FLFh

http://va.mu/FLF6

http://va.mu/FLGd

http://va.mu/FLGw

http://va.mu/FLG4

http://va.mu/FLHH

http://va.mu/FLJX


Sulqflsdlv Frpdqgrv Xwlol}dgrvSulqflsdlv frpdqgrv xwlol}dgrv sdud lqvwdodÇÃr h frqiljxudÇÃr gr vhuylgru OWVS1 R Nhuqho xwlol}dgrqhvwh wudedokr srgh vhu hqfrqwudgr qr hqghuhÇr ?kwws=22frgh1jrrjoh1frp2s2julir2 A1

LpsohphqwdÇÃr gr Jdpx}d Whuplqdo Vhuyhu= Dpelhqwh=Xexqwx ;137

Vhuyhu= Lpdjhp LVR= kwws=22uhohdvhv1xexqwx1frp2kdug|2xexqwx0;137170vhuyhu0l6;91lvr

SuhsdudÇÃr gr dpelhqwh vhuylgru= prgr dgplqlvwudwlyr +urrw,

XwlolwÁulrv=

dsw0jhw xsgdwh

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo pf ohvv

Krvw=

pfhglw 2hwf2krvwv

45:131314 orfdokrvw1orfdogrpdlq orfdokrvw

4<5149;1414 jdpx}d1lqwudqhw jdpx}d

Rev= Dowhudu ls gr jdpx}d1lqwudqhw d frqiljxudÇÃr gh uhgh fruuhvsrqghqwh dr vhuylgru1

pfhglw 2hwf2qhwzrun2lqwhuidfhv

dxwr or

lidfh or lqhw

orrsedfn

dxwr hwk3

lidfh hwk3 lqhw vwdwlf

dgguhvv 4<5149;1414

qhwpdvn 5881588158813

jdwhzd| 4<5149;141587

Rev= Dowhudu hwk3 sdud d lqwhuidfh fruuhvsrqghqwh dr vhuylgru h dowhudu dguhvv/ qhwpdvn h jdwhzd|

sdud d frqiljxudÇÃr gh uhgh fruuhvsrqghqwh dr phvpr1

pfhglw 2hwf2uf1orfdo

lifrqilj or xs

lswdeohv 0[

lswdeohv 0I

lswdeohv 0w qdw 0[

lswdeohv 0w qdw 0I

hfkr 4 A 2surf2v|v2qhw2lsy72frqi2doo2iruzduglqj

hfkr 4 A 2surf2v|v2yp2ohjdf|bydbod|rxw

hfkr 4 A 2surf2v|v2qhw2lsy72lsbqrbspwxbglvf

h{lw

3

VVK=

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo vvk

�:<



http://code.google.com/p/grifo/


GQV= Elqg <

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo elqg<

pfhglw 2hwf2elqg2qdphg1frqi1rswlrqv

iruzdughuv ~

53;19:15551555> 22

uhvroyhu41rshqgqv1frp

53;19:15531553> 22 uhvroyhu51rshqgqv1frp

�>

pfhglw 2hwf2uhvroy1frqi

qdphvhuyhu 45:131314

GKFS=gkfs60vhuyhu

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo gkfsg60vhuyhu

pfhglw 2hwf2ghidxow2gkfs60vhuyhu

LQWHUIDFHV@%hwk3%

Rev= Dowhudu hwk3 sdud d lqwhuidfh fruuhvsrqghqwh dr vhuylgru1

pfhglw 2hwf2gkfs62gkfsg1frqi

ggqv0xsgdwh0vw|oh qrqh>

rswlrq grpdlq0qdph %judpx}d1lqwudqhw%>

rswlrq

grpdlq0qdph0vhuyhuv 4<5149;1414>

ghidxow0ohdvh0wlph 933>

pd{0ohdvh0wlph :533>

dxwkrulwdwlyh>

orj0idflolw| orfdo:>

vxeqhw

4<5149;1413 qhwpdvn 5881588158813 ~

udqjh g|qdplf0errws 4<5149;141483 4<5149;141583>

rswlrq eurdgfdvw0dgguhvv

4<5149;141588>

rswlrq urxwhuv 4<5149;1414>

�

krvw folhqwh4 ~

qh{w0vhuyhu 4<5149;1414>

kdugzduh hwkhuqhw 33=3D=8H=:<=H7=6:>

il{hg0dgguhvv 4<5149;141434>

ilohqdph %s{holqx{13%>

vhuyhu0qdph %4<5149;1414%>

�

QIV=

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo qiv0frpprq qiv0nhuqho0vhuyhu wiws0ksd wiwsg0ksd v|volqx{

fs 2xvu2ole2v|volqx{2s{holqx{13 2ydu2ole2wiwserrw2s{holqx{13

�;3




Prgr Judilfr=

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo {ruj jgp jqrph

jgpvhwxs

Rev= Kdelolwdu vhvvÕhv uhprwdv h ghvpdufdu *Qhjdu frqh{Õhv WFS sdud r vhuylgru [*1

Folhqwh 4=

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo exlog0hvvhqwldo prgxoh0dvvlvwdqw olqx{0vrxufh

p0d xsgdwh

p0d suhsduh

p0d fohdq

fg 2xvu2vuf

zjhw kwws=22zzz1nhuqho1ruj2sxe2olqx{2nhuqho2y5192olqx{0vrxufh05191571wdu1e}5

wdu 0m{yi olqx{0vrxufh05191571wdu1e}5

fg olqx{0vrxufh0519157

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo jff pdnh oleqfxuvhv80ghy

zjhw kwws=22julir1jrrjohfrgh1frp2ilohv21frqilj

pfhglw Pdnhiloh H[WUDYHUVLRQ @ 0jdpx}d

pdnh phqxfrqilj

pdnh

pdnh lqvwdoo

fg 2ydu2ole2wiwserrw

fs 2errw2ypolqx}05191570jdpx}d 1

pnglu s{holqx{1fij

fkprg d.uz{ s{holqx{1fij

pfhglw s{holqx{1fij2F3D;3498

GHIDXOW ypolqx}05191570jdpx}d ls@gkfs uz

qivurrw@4<5149;1414=2ydu2ole2wiwserrw2folhqwh4 yjd@:<4

dsw0jhw lqvwdoo gherrwvwuds

vxgr gherrwvwuds kdug| folhqwh4

kwws=22dufklyh1xexqwx1frp2xexqwx2

fkprg d.uz{ folhqwh4

fg folhqwh4

pfhglw hwf2uf1orfdo

[ 0txhu| 4<5149;1414

pfhglw

2hwf2h{sruwv2ydu2ole2wiwserrw2

folhqwh4_

4<5149;141434+uz/dv|qf/qrburrwb

vtxdvk/qrbvxewuhhbfkhfn,

h{sruiv 0udy

�;4



IdeuÍflr DudÚmr/ whp judgxdÇÃr hpVlvwhpdv gh LqirupdÇÃr shod XQLSDP0PJ1 Sduwlflsdqwh dwlyr gd hpsuhvdJdpx}d gh Vriwzduh Olyuh1 Dwxdophqwhwudedokd frpr surjudpdgru DfwlrqVfulsw613 qd hpsuhvd Dtxd Lqwhudwlyd hp Sdwrvgh Plqdv/ PJ1


�;5

PRELOH � DSOLFDWLYRV PRELOH SRGHURVRV

Sru Ulfdugr gd Vloyd Rjoldul

Frpr wludu r pÁ{lprsuryhlwr grv glvsrvlwlyrvpÓyhlv

Xvh h dexvh LqwurgxÇÃrUhfhqwhphqwh sdvvhl dojxpdv krudv frq0

yhuvdqgr frp xpd htxlsh gh ghvhqyroylphqwrgh mrjrv hp xpd ghwhuplqdgd hpsuhvd1 Ghylgrd glyhuvrv prwlyrv/ frpr d sodwdirupd rqgh rvmrjrv hudp ghvhqyroylgrv h dtxhod rqgh rv jd0phv sdvvduÃr d vhu hpedufdgrv/ qÃr h{lvwld hqÃr h{lvwh ihdwxuhv gh frqhfwlylgdgh hqwuh mrjd0gruhv/ frpr xvr gr Eoxhwrrwk sru h{hpsor1 Rvvhqvruhv grv dsduhokrv wdpeÉp hudp h vÃr lj0qrudgrv qd pdlruld grv fdvrv1 Ghylgr d hvwh id0wr frphfhl d ph shujxqwdu1 VhuÁ txh qÓv/surjudpdgruhv/ hvwdprv wludqgr r pÁ{lpr ghsuryhlwr grv glvsrvlwlyrvB Plqkd uhvsrvwd irlqÃr1

SruÉp/ hvwd frqfoxvÃr wdpeÉp fduuhjrxxpd vÉulh gh rxwudv txhvwÕhv1 Sru h{hpsor/ vh0uÁ txh lvvr uhdophqwh É fxosd gh qÓv ghvhqyro0yhgruhv rx/ txhp vdeh/ vÃr rv sud}rv pdoxfrvtxh qrv vÃr sdvvdgrv/ id}hqgr frp txh qrvwudqviruphprv hp pÁtxlqdv qÃr shqvdqwhv1Dshqdv gljlwdgruhv gh fÓgljr1 Txhp vdehB Wdo0yh} vhmd r srxfr frqkhflphqwr lqlfldo qd sodwd0irupd doyr doldgr d sud}rv fxuwrvB

Pdv wdpeÉp qÃr srghprv qrv h{lplu ghwrgd d fxosd1 Vhpsuh ghyhprv surfxudu r ph0okru/ sulqflsdophqwh hp surjudpdÇÃr1 Vhqgr dv0vlp/ uhvroyl hvfuhyhu hvwh shtxhqr wh{wr rqghsurfxur flwdu dojxqv grv yÁulrv srqwrv rqgh sr0ghprv id}hu glihuhqÇd hp qrvvrv dsolfdwlyrv1Sulqflsdophqwh wudwdqgr0vh gh uhghv h frqhfwlyl0gdgh1

rshqfolsduw1ruj2OxfldqrOrxuhq�r+PdgGuxp,2Hwkdiho0WVSF



EoxhwrrwkR surwrfror gh frpxqlfdÇÃr Eoxhwrrwk wru0

qrx0vh xp sdguÃr pxqgldo/ vhqgr hpedufdgrvhp glvsrvlwlyrv grv yÁulrv yduldgrv irupdwrv hixqflrqdolgdghv1 Irl0vh r whpsr rqgh dshqdv do0jxqv whohirqhv fhoxoduhv srvvxÍdp hvwd whfqror0jld1 Krmh/ frp d srsxodul}dÇÃr grv vpduwskrqhvh d fuhvfhqwh frqyhujÊqfld whfqroÓjlfd/ mÁ srgh0prv shqvdu qrvvrv hvfrsrv frp r xvr gh Eoxh0wrrwk1

DoÉp glvvr/ wrgdv dv sulqflsdlv sodwdirupdvgh ghvhqyroylphqwr preloh iruqhfhp DSL h xpvxsruwh wÉfqlfr txh idflolwd h pxlwr d ylgd grvsurjudpdgruhv1

Hp Mdyd PH/ whprv d MVU03333;5 +Md0ydWP DSLv iru Eoxhwrrwk,1 Dshvdu gh vhu xp sd0frwh rsflrqdo h ghshqghu gd lpsohphqwdÇÃr grideulfdqwh/ qrv Úowlprv prghorv gh whohirqhv fh0oxoduhv hvwd DSL pdufd suhvhqÇd frqvwdqwhphq0wh1

Dshvdu gh d sodwdirupd Mdyd PH qÃr hvwdupdlv qdv sulphludv srvlÇÕhv txdqgr wudwdprv ghsuhvhqÇd gh phufdgr/ d MVU;5 dlqgd whp pxlwrfkÃr shod iuhqwh1 Lvvr srutxh hod wdpeÉp hvwÁqr frqmxqwr gh DSL�v glvsrqÍyhlv sdud rv surjud0pdgruhv gh EodfnEhuu|1 Sdud txhp qÃr vdeh/ ÉsrvvÍyho surjudpdu xpd PLGohw hp dsduhokrv gdfdqdghqvh ULP +Uhvhdufk Lq Prwlrq,/ rx dlqgd/fuldu xpd ULPohw h id}hu xvr gh dojxqv sdfrwhvrsflrqdlv/ frpr d MVU;51

RDqgurlg wdpeÉp whp xpdDSL ghglfdgd h{0foxvlydphqwh dr xvr gh Eoxhwrrwk/ glvsrqÍyho hpdqgurlg1eoxhwrrwk1 Xpd sduwlfxodulgdgh ghvwd sodwd0irupd É d srvvlelolgdgh gh yhulilfdu vh r Eoxhwrrwkgr dsduhokr hvwÁ dwlydgr rx qÃr1 Fdvr qhjdwlyr/ rghvhqyroyhgru srgh fuldu xpd urwlqd gh fÓgljr txhvrolflwd dr xvxÁulr txh r dwlyh1 +Yhmd FÓgljr34,

Sdud ilqdol}du/ r lSkrqh iruqhfh r iud0

phzrun JdphNlw/ frqwhqgr xpd DSL sdud shupl0wlu frpxqlfdÇÃr vreuh xpd uhgh Eoxhwrrwk1

JhrsrvlflrqdphqwrBXp grv pÉwrgrv gh jhrorfdol}dÇÃr pdlv

frqkhflgr/ qr Eudvlo h qr pxqgr/ É r JSV +Jor0edo Srvlwlrq V|vwhp,1 SruÉp/ vdehprv txh hohwhp vxdv iudtxh}dv/ frpr sru h{hpsor= qÃr ixq0flrqd pxlwr ehp hp dpelhqwhv lqwhuqrv> yhjhwd0ÇÃr pxlwr ghqvd rx orfdo fhufdgr sru judqghvfrqvwuxÇÕhv dihwdp r uhfhelphqwr gr vlqdo> wÚ0qhlv lpshghp r uhfhelphqwr gdv frrughqdgdv/ghqwur rxwurv1

R ghvhqyroyhgru whp r ghyhu gh iruqhfhuxp vhjxqgr pÉwrgr gh srvlflrqdphqwr sdud hv0whv prphqwrv rqgh r JSV sdvvd sru dsxurv1Qrv glvsrvlwlyrv dwxdlv/ d suhvhqÇd gr D0JSV+Dvvlvwhg JSV, hvwÁ vh wruqdqgr frpxp/ sruÉpsrghprv lu dlqgd pdlv orqjh1 Sru txh qÃr xwlol}dur Fhoo LGB

R Fhoo LG +FLG, É xp qÚphur txh lghqwlilfdxpd HvwdÇÃr UÁglr Edvh +HUE, ghqwur gh xpdÁuhd jhrjuÁilfd1 Sdud ilfdu pdlv fodur/ É xp lghqwl0ilfdgru gdv dqwhqdv gh rshudgrudv gh whohirqld fh0oxodu1 Qrvvrv dsduhokrv pÓyhlv vhpsuh hvwduÃrfrqhfwdgrv d xpd ghodv +txdqgr hvwlyhuprv frpvlqdo,/ vhqgr txh srghprv frqkhfhu d srvlÇÃr jh0rjuÁilfd gr phvpr frqkhfhqgr r Fhoo LG1 R srqwrqhjdwlyr É d suhflvÃr1 Ghshqghqgr gh dojxqv idwr0uhv r huur srgh fkhjdu dwÉ d 833 phwurv pdv/ hpdojxqv fdvrv hvshfÍilfrv h ghshqghqgr gd gh0pdqgd gr dsolfdwlyr/ É xp huur lqvljqlilfdqwh1

H{lvwhp dojxqv vlwhv txh frqwÊp xpd edvhgh gdgrv frp plokduhv gh HUE�v gr pxqgr lq0whlur1 R ZlnlsÉgld qrv iruqhfh xpd olvwd frp do0jxpdv ghodv1 Hvwhv vlwhv vlpsohvphqwhdupd}hqdp lqirupdÇÃr vreuh d srvlÇÃr jhrjuÁ0ilfd gdv phvpdv qd wuÍdgh odwlwxgh/ orqjlwxgh hdowlwxgh1

�;6

li +$pEoxhwrrwkDgdswhu1lvHqdeohg+,, ~

Lqwhqw hqdeohEwLqwhqw @ qhz Lqwhqw+EoxhwrrwkDgdswhu1DFWLRQbUHTXHVWbHQDEOH,>

vwduwDfwlylw|IruUhvxow+hqdeohEwLqwhqw/ UHTXHVWbHQDEOHbEW,>

�

F�gljr34




Sdud uhfxshudu hvwhv gdgrv/ d pdlruld grvvhuylÇrv h{ljh txdwur sduÂphwurv=

0 Fhoolg= r lghqwlilfdgru gd fÉoxod>

0 PQF +Preloh Qhwzrun Frgh,= R Preloh QhwzrunFrgh +PQF, É xp fÓgljr gh grlv gÍjlwrv +DpÉul0fd gr Qruwh, rx wuÊv gÍjlwrv +SdguÃr Hxurshx, txhÉ xvdgr hp frpelqdÇÃr frp xp Preloh Frxqwu|Frgh +PFF, sdud lghqwlilfdu xpd rshudgrud gh wh0ohirqld h{foxvlydphqwh1 D gxsod PFF0PQF É du0pd}hqdgd ghqwuh rv sulphlurv flqfr rx vhlvgÍjlwrv gr LPVL +Lqwhuqdwlrqdo Preloh VxevfulehuLghqwlw|,1 Irqwh= kwws=22yd1px2IGiF1

0 PFF +Preloh Frxqwu| Frgh,= FÓgljr txh lghqwl0ilfd xp sdÍv1 R Eudvlo srvvxl r PFF :571

0 ODF= ¡uhd gh Orfdol}dÇÃr +Orfdwlrq Duhd 0 OD,1Sru vh wudwdu gh xpd uhgh pÓyho/ r JVP suhflvdwhu xpd dutxlwhwxud ehp ghilqlgd sdud d orfdol}dÇÃrgh xvxÁulrv1 Sru lvvr d rujdql}dÇÃr hvwuxwxudo É gl0ylglgd sru klhudutxld1 Xpd OD +Orfdwlrq Duhd, É xpfrqmxqwr gh fÉoxodv hp xp ghwhuplqdgr vhwru ghq0wur gd uhgh1 Xpd rshudgrud JVP srgh srvvxlu qODcv hp vxd uhgh h fdgd xpd ghodv uhfheh xpdlghqwlilfdÇÃr fkdpdgd gh ODF +Orfdwlrq Duhd Fr0gh,1 Irqwh= Whohfr +kwws=22yd1px2IGhx,1

Frpr hx idÇr sdud ohu hvwhv ydoruhvB Vlp0sohv= wrgdv dv sodwdirupdv rihuhfhp dojxpdfodvvh/ DSL rx iudphzrun txh srvvlelolwd uhfx0shudu hvwdv lqirupdÇÕhv1 Dshqdv xpd uhvvdoyddr Mdyd PH1 Ghylgr d vxd sroÍwlfd gh vhjxudq0Çd/ hp dojxqv dsduhokrv/ É qhfhvvÁulr dvvlqdud dsolfdÇÃr sdud frqvhjxlu uhfxshudu rv fÓgl0jrv gh Fhoo LG/ PFF/ PQF h ODF1 Rxwurv fd0vrv/ phvpr frp dsolfdwlyr dvvlqdgr/ hvwdvlqirupdÇÕhv qÃr hvwÃr glvsrqÍyhlv dr surjud0pdgru1

VhqvruhvBFdgd yh} pdlv dv sodwdirupdv rihuhfhp

vhqvruhv hp vhxv glvsrvlwlyrv/ doÉp glvvr/ iruqh0fhp wdpeÉp DSLv frpsohwdv sdud txh ghvhqyro0yhgruhv wdpeÉp wluhp suryhlwr hp vhxvdsolfdwlyrv1

Sdud Mdyd PH whprv d Preloh Vhqvru DSL

+Mdyd Vshflilfdwlrq Uhtxhvw 589,1 Vhjxqgr d gr0fxphqwdÇÃr rilfldo gr sdfrwh/ hvwd DSL shuplwhtxh dsolfdÇÕhv Mdyd PH uhfxshuhp gdgrv ghirupd iÁflo h xqliruph gh vhqvruhv1 Rv vhqvruhvsrghp vhu ghvgh iÍvlfrv/ frpr dfhohuÔphwur/ rxvhqvruhv yluwxdlv/ frpr qÍyho gh edwhuld rx lqwhq0vlgdgh gr vlqdo uhfhelgr gd rshudgrud gh whohir0qld fhoxodu1

R Úqlfr sureohpd É txh hvwh É xp sdfrwhrsflrqdo h/ dr frqwuÁulr gd MVU;5/ qÃr hvwÁ suh0vhqwh hp xp judqgh qÚphur gh dsduhokrv1 Sruh{hpsor/ ylvlwdqgr r vlwh gh ghvhqyroyhgruhv gdQrnld/ shufheh0vh fodudphqwh hvwh sureohpd1

Xp grv srxfrv dsduhokrv txh srvvxl dPreloh Vhqvru DSL É r Qrnld Q;0331 WdpeÉp olv0wd rv vhjxlqwhv fdqdlv glvsrqÍyhlv sdud d DSL=

0 Dffhohurphwhu Grxeoh Wds

0 Dffhohurphwhu [\]

0 Dpelhqw Oljkw

0 Pdjqhwlf Qruwk

0 Pdjqhwrphwhu [\]

0 Rulhqwdwlrq

0 Sur{lplw| Prqlwru

0 Urwdwlrq

R Dqgurlg qrv dsuhvhqwd d fodvvh dq0gurlg1kdugzduh1Vhqvru1 Hvwd/ sru vxd yh}/ hvwÁuhodflrqdgd frp pdlv wuÊv fodvvhv= VhqvruPd0qdjhu/ VhqvruHyhqwOlvwhqhu h VhqvruHyhqw1

Frp hvwdv txdwur fodvvhv srghprv wuded0okdu frp xp frqmxqwr pxlwr judqgh gh srvvlelol0gdghv1 Yhmd dedl{r dojxqv grv vhqvruhv txhhvwÃr glvsrqÍyhlv sdud qÓv/ surjudpdgruhv=

0 DfhohuÔphwur>

0 Vhqvru gh judylgdgh>

0 JlurvfÓslr>

0 Vhqvru gh ox} dpelhqwh>

0 Vhqvru gh sur{lplgdgh>

0 Vhqvru gh suhvvÃr>

�;7Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj


http://va.mu/FDfC

http://va.mu/FDeu


0 Vhqvru gh rulhqwdÇÃr>

0 Vhqvru gh whpshudwxud1

Yhmd xpd shtxhqd olvwdjhp gh fÓgljr frpxp h{hpsor gh xvr gr dfhohuÔphwur hpFÓgljr35=

Vh yrfÊ hvwÁ ohqgr r wh{wr h É xp ghvhqyroyh0gru/ lpdjlqh r srghu txh yrfÊ whp hp vxdv pÃrvfrp r xvr gh wrgrv hvwhv vhqvruhv1 YrfÊ srgh shq0vdu hp dojxpdv ihdwxuhv txh luldp ghl{du r xvxÁulrgh vhx dsolfdwlyr gh txhl{r fdÍgr1 Frpr sru h{hp0sor= yhulilfdu d oxplqrvlgdgh gr dpelhqwh/ ghshqghq0gr gr ydoru gd ohlwxud/ pxgd0vh r edfnjurxqg gddsolfdÇÃr sdud xpd lpdjhp pdlv hvfxud/ rx pdlvfodud> fuldu xp dsolfdwlyr ghvshuwdgru/ txh dr h{hfx0wdu yhulilfd d whpshudwxud dpelhqwh/ vrolflwdqgr drxvxÁulr txh vdld frp xpd urxsd gh iulr rx txh sdv0vh surwhwru srutxh r vro hvwÁ pxlwr iruwh1

R lRV wdpeÉp wudwd vhxv ghvhqyroyhgruhvpxlwr ehp txdqgr r dvvxqwr É vhqvruhv1 Sru h{hp0sor/ hp FÓgljr36 qd suÓ{lpd sÁjlqd/ yhmd xp wuh0fkr gh fÓgljr rqgh uhjlvwudprv xp vhqvru ghsur{lplgdgh/ lqirupdqgr dr xvxÁulr vh hoh hvwÁshuwr rx orqjh gr dsduhokr1

R EodfnEhuu| qÃr dsuhvhqwd xpd DSL uhyr0oxflrqÁuld qdv yhuvÕhv pdlv srsxoduhv/ sruÉpshuplwh txh rv ghvhqyroyhgruhv wudedokhp frpdfhohuÔphwur/ krovwhu vhqvruv/ volghu vhqvruv hiols vhqvruv1 Sdud xvdu rv Úowlprv wuÊv r ohlwru sr0gh ylvlwdu hvwd sÁjlqd= kwws=22yd1px2IGgn Qd vxdeleolrwhfd/ r sdfrwh qhw1ulp1ghylfh1dsl1v|vwhpfrqfhqwud txdvh txh d wrwdolgdgh gdv fodvvhv holvwhqhuv glvsrqÍyhlv sdud vhqvruhv1 Ghvwdtxhsdud d fodvvh DffhohurphwhuVhqvru1

SruÉp/ d sodwdirupd fdqdghqvh yhp ph0okrudqgr qhvwh txhvlwr/ vhqgr txh d yhuvÃrpdlv qryd gr vhx vlvwhpd rshudflrqdo +:13, wud}pxlwdv qrylgdghv1 Sru h{hpsor/ whprv d fodvvhJhrihqfh/ txh qrv shuplwh fuldu xpd fhufd ghjhrorfdol}dÇÃr lpdjlqÁuld/ qrv lqirupdqgr txdq0gr r xvxÁulr xowudsdvvd rv olplwhv hvwdehohflgrv1

R Edgd wdpeÉp ph ghvshuwrx lqwhuhvvhsrutxh qrv uhylhzv txh hqfrqwuhl qd lqwhuqhw vÓol frlvdv erdv d uhvshlwr ghoh1 D sÁjlqd gh gh0vhqyroyhgruhv dsuhvhqwd xpd lpsruwdqwh irqwhvgh lqirupdÇÃr/ r olqn kwws=22yd1px2IGhR / rqghsrghprv hqfrqwudu olqnv sdud Sur{lplw| Vhqvru/Pdjqhwlf Vhqvru/ Wlow Vhqvru/ Dffhohudwlrq Vhq0

�;8

4=sxeolf fodvv VhqvruDfwlylw| h{whqgv Dfwlylw|/ lpsohphqwv VhqvruHyhqwOlvwhqhu ~

5= sulydwh ilqdo VhqvruPdqdjhu pVhqvruPj>

6= sulydwh ilqdo Vhqvru pDfo>

7=

8= sxeolf VhqvruDfwlylw|+, ~

9= pVhqvruPj @ +VhqvruPdqdjhu,jhwV|vwhpVhuylfh+VHQVRUbVHUYLFH,>

:= pDfo @ pVhqvruPj1jhwGhidxowVhqvru+Vhqvru1W\SHbDFFHOHURPHWHU,>

;= �

<=

43= surwhfwhg yrlg rqUhvxph+, ~

44= vxshu1rqUhvxph+,>

45= pVhqvruPj1uhjlvwhuOlvwhqhu+wklv/ pDfo/ VhqvruPdqdjhu1VHQVRUbGHOD\bQRUPDO,>

46= �

47=

48= surwhfwhg yrlg rqSdxvh+, ~

49= vxshu1rqSdxvh+,>

4:= pVhqvruPdqdjhu1xquhjlvwhuOlvwhqhu+wklv,>

4;= �

4<=

53= sxeolf yrlg rqDffxudf|Fkdqjhg+Vhqvru vhqvru/ lqw dffxudf|, ~�

54= sxeolf yrlg rqVhqvruFkdqjhg+VhqvruHyhqw hyhqw, ~�

55= �

FÓgljr35



http://va.mu/FDdk

http://va.mu/FDeO


vru/ Zhdwkhu Vhqvru h Vhqvru Pdqdjhu1 D fodvvhVhqvruPdqdjhu/ sru vxd yh}/ hvwÁ pxlwr ehpghvfulwd qhvwh olqn= kwws=22yd1px2IGhH

QIFQIF +Qhdu Ilhog Frppxqlfdwlrq, É xp vxfhv0

vru gr UILG/ shuplwlqgr d frpxqlfdÇÃr vhp ilr ghdsduhokrv d xpd glvwÂqfld gh dwÉ 53 fhqwÍphwurv1HvwÁ vhqgr pxlwr hpsuhjdgr hp vlvwhpdv gh pr0eloh sd|phqw hp sdÍvhv gh sulphlur pxqgr1

Dshvdu gh vhu dojr qryr dtxl qr Eudvlo/ qÓv/ghvhqyroyhgruhv/ whprv gh hvwdu flhqwhv gh txh wx0gr lqglfd txh d whfqrorjld fkhjrx sud ilfdu1 HqwÃr/sru txh qÃr frqkhfhu xp srxfr pdlv vreuh QIF hyhu vh qrvvd sodwdirupd gh ghvhqyroylphqwr iruqh0fh vxsruwh À phvpd1

R Dqgurlg iruqhfh r sdfrwh dqgurlg1qif frpglyhuvdv fodvvhv sdud wudedokdu frp QIF1 Yhmdpdlv qr olqn= kwws=22yd1px2IGhm1

R EodfnEhuu| wdpeÉp iruqhfhuÁ vxsruwh dwhfqrorjld d sduwlu gd yhuvÃr :13 gr vhx vlvwhpdrshudflrqdo1 Sdud r ghvhqyroyhgru/ frqkhÇd r sd0frwh qhw1ulp1ghylfh1dsl1lr1qif1 Pdlv vreuh qr olqnkwws=22yd1px2IGhf1

R lSkrqh dlqgd qÃr iruqhfh vxsruwh d QIF1Uxpruhv gÃr frqwd gh txh lvwr dfrqwhfhuÁ frp dyhuvÃr 813 gr vlvwhpd rshudflrqdo1

FrqfoxvÃrDshvdu gd hyroxÇÃr frqvwdqwh qrv glvsrvl0

wlyrv h qdv srvvlelolgdghv txh hohv qrv rihuh0fhp/ dlqgd qÃr hq{hujdprv hvwh srghu vhqgrwudqvihulgr sdud rv dsolfdwlyrv1 Dshvdu gh h{lvwl0uhp dojxpdv ud}Õhv sodxvÍyhlv sdud lvwr/ rv gh0vhqyroyhgruhv ghyhp hvwdu À iuhqwh gduhyroxÇÃr txh luÁ pxgdu lvwr/ fuldqgr dsolfdwlyrpxlwr pdlv srghurvrv gr txh dtxhohv ylvwrv dwx0dophqwh1

Qhvwh duwljr ylprv txh hvwh surfhvvr qÃrydl vhu qhp xp srxfr grorurvr1 Lvwr srutxh wr0gdv dv sulqflsdlv sodwdirupdv gr phufdgr qrvrihuhfhp DSL�v sdud xvr gh Eoxhwrrwk/ Vhqvruhvh QIF1 Rx vhmd/ edvwdp dojxpdv krudv hvwxgdq0gr d grfxphqwdÇÃr gd vxd+v, sodwdirupd+v, suh0ihulgd+v, sdud hvwdu kdelolwdgr d fuldu dsolfdwlyrvuhdophqwh srghurvrv1

�;9Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

22 Uhjlvwud r prqlwrudphqwr frp r vhqvru gh sur{lplgdgh

^^XLGhylfh fxuuhqwGhylfh` vhwSur{lplw|PrqlwrulqjHqdeohg=\HV`>

22 Fuld xp revhuyhu sdud dwxdol}dÇÕhv qd sur{lplgdgh

^^QVQrwlilfdwlrqFhqwhu ghidxowFhqwhu` dggRevhuyhu=vhoi

vhohfwru=Cvhohfwru+vhqvruVwdwhFkdqjh=,

qdph=C%XLGhylfhSur{lplw|VwdwhGlgFkdqjhQrwlilfdwlrq% remhfw=qlo`>

111

0 +yrlg,vhqvruVwdwhFkdqjh=+QVQrwlilfdwlrqFhqwhu -,qrwlilfdwlrq

~

li +^^XLGhylfh fxuuhqwGhylfh` sur{lplw|Vwdwh` @@ \HV,

QVOrj+C%Glvsrvlwlyr hvwÁ hp xpd erd glvwÂqfld1%,>

hovh

QVOrj+C%Glvsrvlwlyr hvwÁ pxlwr orqjh gr xvxÁulr1%,>

�

FÓgljr36

ULFDUGR RJOLDUL dwxd qrghvhqyroylphqwr gh dsolfdÇÕhv pÓyhlvfrp sodwdirupdv preloh d ; dqrv1Edfkduho hp FlÊqfld gd FrpsxwdÇÃr1Plqlvwud fxuvrv h rilflqdv/ srvvxlqgryÁulrv duwljrv wÉfqlfrv vreuh frpsxwdÇÃrpÓyho1 Plqlvwurx sdohvwudv hp hyhqwrv/frpr r MxvwMdyd/ ILVO/ MdydGd|/ ghqwuhrxwurv1



http://va.mu/FDeE

http://va.mu/FDej

http://va.mu/FDec

Lqyhvwljdu frp Vriwzduh Olyuh=ihuudphqwdv gh dsrlr dr wudedokr ghshvtxlvdSru DqÍedo Hgxdugr Fdpsrv Yhor}

WudgxÇÃr= DqguÉ Pdutxhv

�;:Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Txdqgr rv hvwxgdqwhv rx lqyhvwljdgruhv vh frqiurqwdp frp xp

wudedokr gh shvtxlvd É lpsuhvflqgÍyho whuhp dfhvvr Àv ihuudphqwdv

qhfhvvÁuldv/ txh dsÓldp hilfd}phqwh rv surfhvvrv hqyroylgrv qhvvh

wudedokr1 D wduhid É gxud h pxlwdv gdv yh}hv/ gliÍflo/ fxmr fdplqkr

frpsoh{r txh vh ghyh shufruuhu sdud dwlqjlu rv uhvxowdgrv suhwhqglgrv

rx shor phqrv rv txh vhmdp vdwlvidwÓulrv1 Dvvlp vhqgr/ r lghdo É

glvsru gh ihuudphqwdv lqirupÁwlfdv hilfd}hv h gh dsrlr À shvtxlvd1

HGXFD§£R � LQYHVWLJDU FRP VRIWZDUH OLYUH


�;;Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Hvwh É fhuwdphqwh xp phufdgr lqwhuhvvdq0wh sdud rv surjudpdgruhv gh vriwzduh/ xpd yh}txh É dtxl/ qr ilqdqfldphqwr sdud d lqyhvwljd0ÇÃr/ txh dv xqlyhuvlgdghv id}hp lpsruwdqwhv lq0yhvwlphqwrv1 Lqyhvwlphqwrv ghvwlqdgrv Àshvtxlvd h dqÁolvh gh lqirupdÇÃr hp wrgdv dvÁuhdv gr frqkhflphqwr1

Pdv frpr srgh r vriwzduh olyuh sursruflr0qdu lvvrB Ehp/ hvwh duwljr suhwhqgh hvfoduhfhutxdlv vÃr rv vlvwhpdv lpsuhvflqgÍyhlv sdud xplqyhvwljdgru1

Sdud hihlwrv suÁwlfrv vhuÁ gdgr d frqkhfhufdgd vriwzduh olyuh gh dfrugr frp d idvh gd shv0txlvd qd txdo lqwhuyÉp1 Sdud lvvr/ dsuhvhqwduh0prv xpd vhÇÃr pxlwr vlpsohv vreuh r txhvljqlilfd xpd shvtxlvd/ qr hqwdqwr/ r txh qÓvsurfxudprv É prvwudu frpr dtxhohv vlvwhpdvderugdp fdgd hwdsd1

Hp sulphlur oxjdu whprv r pdufr whÓul0fr rx hvwdgr gd duwh/ txh É d surfxud gh dqwh0fhghqwhv gdtxlor txh suhwhqghprv shvtxlvdu1Qhvwd hwdsd/ É gh h{wuhpd lpsruwÂqfld rujdql}dud eleolrjudild gr qrvvr wudedokr/ dv flwdÇÕhv grvdxwruhv frqkhfhgruhv h shulwrv gr whpd/ rv wÍwx0orv grv olyurv txh frqvxowdprv/ gdv sÁjlqdvzhe/ gh wrgr r pdwhuldo txh prwlydudp d qrvvdshvtxlvd1 Sdud lvwr h{lvwh xp vriwzduh olyuh fkd0pdgr ]rwhur +Fhqwhu iru Klvwru| dqg Qhz Phgld/5344,1

]rwhur É xpd srghurvd ihuudphqwd %+111,

txh dmxgd d uhfrokhu/ rujdql}du h dqdolvdu dv irq0

whv +flwdÇÕhv/ wh{wrv frpsohwrv/ sÁjlqdv zhe/

lpdjhqv h rxwurv remhwrv,/ h txh shuplwh sduwl0

okdu rv uhvxowdgrv gd vxd shvtxlvd gh glihuhqwhv

irupdv1% +Fhqwhu iru Klvwru| dqg Qhz Phgld/5344,1 Hvwh vlvwhpd hvwÁ vre d olfhqÇd JSOy6 hÉ xpd h{whqvÃr gr qdyhjdgru gh fÓgljr dehuwr%Iluhir{% +Pr}lood 5344,1 Sdud xwlol}Á0or ghyh uhdol0}du r grzqordg qr hqghuhÇr kwws=22zzz1}rwh0ur1ruj h hqwÃr rewhu r soxj0lq fruuhvsrqghqwh drsurfhvvdgru gh wh{wr txh r xvxÁulr xwlol}d1 Hqwuhrv surfhvvdgruhv gh wh{wr txh vxsruwd hvwÃr= Pl0furvriw Zrug> h rv gh fÓgljr dehuwr h2rx vriwzd0uh olyuh RshqRiilfh/ OleuhRiilfh h QhrRiilfh1

Xpd fdudfwhuÍvwlfd hvshfldo gd yhuvÃr 513 h srv0whulruhv/ É txh srghp sduwlokdu0vh dv uhihuÊqfldveleolrjuÁilfdv frp xpd frpxqlgdgh gh lqyhvwl0jdgruhv/ txh sru vxd yh} frqwulexhp frp pdlvuhihuÊqfldv/ srghqgr wdpeÉp vlqfurql}du dv uh0ihuÊqfldv orfdlv frp dv gd zhe/ r txh shuplwhwhu xp edfnxs rqolqh gdv uhihuÊqfldv eleolrjuÁil0fdv1

Qd vhjxqgd idvh gd shvtxlvd/ pxlwdv yh0}hv ghyh uhdol}du0vh hvwxgrv gh txhvwlrqÁulrvghvwlqdgrv d uhfrokhu gdgrv vreuh dtxlor txhshvtxlvdprv1 Qhvwd hwdsd/ ghsrlv gh whu frqfhel0gr r lqvwuxphqwr h whu ydolgdgr frp shulwrv gr wh0pd/ É qhfhvvÁulr id}hu fkhjdu r txhvwlrqÁulr Àvshvvrdv txh ghyhuÃr uhvsrqgÊ0or1 Vh r txhvwlr0qÁulr iru rqolqh/ h{lvwh xpd ihuudphqwd fkdpdgdOlphVxuyh| +Vfkplw} ) Wkh OlphVxuyh| surmhfwwhdp/ 5344,/ vriwzduh olyuh ihlwr hp SKS frp jhv0wru gh edvhv gh gdgrv P|VTO/ txh shuplwh=

0 QÚphur lolplwdgr gh txhvwlrqÁulrv vlpxowÂqhrv>

0 QÚphur lolplwdgr gh shujxqwdv hp xp txhvwlr0qÁulr +dshqdv olplwdgr shod vxd edvh gh gdgrv,>

0 QÚphur lolplwdgr gh sduwlflsdqwhv hp txhvwlrqÁ0ulr>

0 TxhvwlrqÁulrv hp yÁulrv lglrpdv>

0 53 wlsrv glihuhqwhv gh shujxqwdv/ frp pdlv hpsodqhdphqwr>

Iljxud 4Fdsdflgdghv gh ]rwhur



www.zotero.org

0 Hglwru KWPO Z\VLZ\J>

0 LqwhjudÇÃr gh lpdjhqv h yÍghrv qxp txhvwlrqÁ0ulr>

0 FuldÇÃr gr txhvwlrqÁulr hp yhuvÃr sdud lpsuhv0vÃr>

0 Srvvlelolgdgh gh il{du frqglÇÕhv sdud dv shujxq0wdv/ gh dfrugr frp uhvsrvwdv dqwhulruhv +udplil0fdÇÃr gr txhvwlrqÁulr,>

0 Frqmxqwrv gh uhvsrvwdv uhxwlol}Áyhlv h hglwÁ0yhlv>

0 Lpsruwdu shujxqwdv suhfrqfhelgdv>

0 LqtxÉulwrv gh dydoldÇÃr>

0 TxhvwlrqÁulrv dqÔqlprv h lghqwlilfdgrv>

0 Juxsrv dehuwrv h ihfkdgrv gh sduwlflsdqwhv hptxhvwlrqÁulr>

0 Uhjlvwur sÚeolfr rsflrqdo sdud txhvwlrqÁulr>

0 Hqylr gh frqylwhv/ ohpeuhwhv h ilfkdv sru h0pdlo>

0 RsÇÃr sdud rv sduwlflsdqwhv vdoyduhp uhvsrv0wdv sdufldlv/ sdud frqwlqxdu r txhvwlrqÁulr pdlvwdugh>

0 TxhvwlrqÁulrv edvhdgrv hp frrnlh rx vhvvÃr>

0 Hglwru gh whpsodwhv sdud fuldu r vhx suÓsulrod|rxw gh sÁjlqd>

0 Lqwhuidfh gh dgplqlvwudÇÃr dpljÁyho h hvwhqgl0gr>

0 Srvvlelolgdgh gh lqwurgxÇÃr gh gdgrv wlsrEdfn0Riilfh>

0 Gdwdv olplwh gh lqtxÉulwrv sdud dxwrpdwl}dÇÃr>

0 IxqÇÕhv phokrudgdv gh lpsruwdÇÃr h h{sruwd0ÇÃr sdud wh{wr/ FVY/ SGI/ VSVV/ U/ Txh[PO hirupdwr PV H[FHO>

0 DqÁolvh hvwdwÍvwlfd eÁvlfd h juÁilfrv frp ixqÇÃrgh h{sruwdÇÃr>

0 Ohlwru gh whod dfhvvÍyho>

0 Vxsruwh gh pdlv gh 7< lglrpdv glihuhqwhvg+Vfk0plw} ) Wkh OlphVxuyh| surmhfw whdp/ 5344,1

Wdo frpr vh ghvfuhyh dqwhulruphqwh/ hvwhvriwzduh olyuh É uhdophqwh srghurvr h shuplwh ÀvlqvwlwxlÇÕhv gh hqvlqr vxshulru rx txdotxhu rxwudhqwlgdgh/ pdqwhu hvwxgrv gh txhvwlrqÁulrv hxpd edvh gh gdgrv gh wrgdv dv shvtxlvdv txhuhdol}dp1

Hp whufhlur h Úowlpr oxjdu/ h ghsrlv gh mÁwhuprv d edvh gh gdgrv gdv uhvsrvwdv drvtxhvwlrqÁulrv uhdol}dgrv/ yhp d idvh gd dqÁolvhhvwdwÍvwlfd1 Hvwh srqwr É fuxfldo/ xpd yh} txhqrv shuplwluÁ h{wudlu dv frqfoxvÕhv gr qrvvr wud0edokr1 Sdud hvwd hwdsd/ h{lvwh xpd judqgh ydulh0gdgh gh vriwzduh olyuh txh vh srgh xwlol}du sdudid}hu d uhihulgd dqÁolvh/ qr hqwdqwr/ qhvwh duwljrydprv uhihulu0qrv dshqdv dr vlvwhpd gh dqÁolvhhvwdwÍvwlfd U +U Ghyhorsphqw Fruh Whdp/ 5344,1U %+111, iruqhfh xpd dpsod jdpd gh ihuudphqwdvhvwdwÍvwlfdv +prghorv olqhduhv h qÃr olqhduhv/whvwhv hvwdwÍvwlfrv/ dqÁolvh gh vÉulhv whpsrudlv/dojrulwprv gh fodvvlilfdÇÃr h djuxsdphqwr/ hwf1,h juÁilfrv +111, wudwd0vh gh xpd olqjxdjhp gh sur0judpdÇÃr/ r txh shuplwh drv xvxÁulrv hqultxh0fh0or ghilqlqgr dv vxdv suÓsuldv ixqÇÕhv1 Ghidwr/ judqgh sduwh gdv ixqÇÕhv gh U hvwÃr hvful0wdv qd phvpd olqjxdjhp U +111,% +Mdfnpdq/5336,1 Hvwh vriwzduh olyuh whp lqwhuidfhv txh sr0ghp vhu xwlol}dgdv hp dpelhqwh ghvnwrs/ frprsru h{hpsor/ UNZdug +Iulhgulfkvphlhu/ Hfr0fkdug/ Urhgljhu / Ndsdw/ ) Plfkdonh/ 533<,1

�;<Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Iljxud 5Orjr OlphVxuyh|



Frpr frqfoxvÃr/ srghprv gl}hu txh h{lv0wh qr pxqgr gd lqyhvwljdÇÃr xpd judqgh froder0udÇÃr hqwuh sduhv ghglfdgrv d jhudu qryrfrqkhflphqwr h/ hp fhuwd phglgd/ r vriwzduh ol0yuh sduwlokd hvwd irupd gh fuldu h frpsuhhqghu rpxqgr1 D qhfhvvlgdgh gh gdu d frqkhfhu dv ghv0frehuwdv ihlwdv shorv shvtxlvdgruhv/ r ghvhmr ghfroderudu/ gh sduwlflsdu frpsduwlokdqgr frqkhfl0phqwr/ whp dsrlr qhvwhv vlvwhpdv txh dmxgdp dhyroxlu/ fuldqgr h frqkhfhqgr dlqgd pdlv1 D frp0sohphqwdulgdgh hqwuh rv wuÊv surjudpdv lqirupÁ0wlfrv dflpd phqflrqdgrv/ srgh vhu xpd judqghxwlolgdgh sdud xp shvtxlvdgru/ xp hvwxgdqwh/surihvvru/ rx xpd hpsuhvd ghglfdgd À lqyhvwljd0ÇÃr1 HqwÃr/ É ghyhu gdv lqvwlwxlÇÕhv gh hgxfdÇÃrvxshulru/ uhdol}du xpd pdlru glyxojdÇÃr ghvwdvihuudphqwdv rx id}hu grdÇÕhv hp glqkhlur/ sdudtxh r ghvhqyroylphqwr qÃr sduh h txh vh uhdol0}hp phokruldv rx dgdswdÇÕhv Àv qrydv h{ljÊqfl0dv grv xvxÁulrv1 Hvwd irupd gh frqwulexlu Éfhuwdphqwh xpd rsruwxqlgdgh sdud dv lqvwlwxl0ÇÕhv hgxfdwlydv rx hpsuhvdv txh xvdp hvwhvvlvwhpdv/ h txh idflolwdp hp judqgh phglgd xpwudedokr txh gh rxwud pdqhlud vhuld pxlwr frpsol0fdgr1

UhihuÊqfldv EleolrjuÁilfdv

bFhqwhu iru Klvwru| dqg Qhz Phgld1 +5344/ Mxolr 5;,1]rwhur1 ]rwhur1 Uhfxshudgr Mxolr 5;/ 5344/ d sduwlu ghkwws=22zzz1}rwhur1ruj2bIulhgulfkvphlhu/ W1/ Hfrfkdug/ S1/ Urhgljhu/ V1/ Ndsdw/ S1/) Plfkdonh/ P1 +533</ Rfwxeuh :,1 UNZdug1 DerxwUNZdug1 Uhfxshudgr Mxolr 5;/ 5344/ d sduwlu ghkwws=22unzdug1vrxufhirujh1qhw2bMdfnpdq/ V1 +5336,1 U Iru wkh Srolwlfdo Phwkrgrorjlvw1Wkh Srolwlfdo Phwkrgrorjlvw/ 44+4,/ 53^ 551Pr}lood1 +5344/ Mxolr 5;,1 pr}lood Iluhir{1 Pr}lood Iluhir{1Uhfxshudgr Mxolr 5;/ 5344/ d sduwlu ghkwws=22zzz1pr}lood1frp2bU Ghyhorsphqw Fruh Whdp1 +5344/ Mxolr 5;,1 Wkh USurmhfw iru Vwdwlvwlfdo Frpsxwlqj1 Wkh U Surmhfw iruVwdwlvwlfdo Frpsxwlqj1 Uhfxshudgr Mxolr 5;/ 5344/ d sduwlugh kwws=22zzz1u0surmhfw1ruj2bVfkplw}/ F1/ ) Wkh OlphVxuyh| surmhfw whdp1 +5344/ Deulo57,1 OlphVxuyh| 0 wkh iuhh dqg rshq vrxufh vxuyh|vriwzduh wrro Vriwzduh/ 1 Uhfxshudgr Mxolr 5;/ 5344/ dsduwlu gh kwws=22zzz1olphvxuyh|1ruj2

�<3Uhylvwd HvsÍulwr Olyuh � Vhwhpeur 5344 � kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Iljxud 6Vfuhhqvkrw gr vriwzduh olyuh U

DQLEDO HGXDUGR FDPSRV YHOR] Éfklohqr/ Phvwuh hp Hqjhqkduld gh PÍgldsdud d HgxfdÇÃr/ Hqjhqkhlur ghFrpsxwdÇÃr h LqirupÁwlfd/ Surihvvru ghHgxfdÇÃr EÁvlfd1 XvxÁulr h shvtxlvdgruhqwxvldvwd gh Vriwzduh Olyuh qd Áuhd gdvwhfqrorjldv gd lqirupdÇÃr hp hgxfdÇÃr1H0pdlo= dqledo1fdpsrvCjpdlo1frp



http://www.zotero.org

http://rkward.sourceforge.net/

http://www.mozilla.com/

http://www.r-project.org/

http://www.limesurvey.org/


Ghqwuh rv pdlv glyhuvrv dpelhqwhv gh sur0judpdÇÃr/ whprv dojxqv dpelhqwhv txh vÃr ol0yuhv/ h txh srghp vhu dtxl ghvfulwrv frprfsurjudpdv gh frpsxwdgru txh uhÚqhp fdudfwh0uÍvwlfdv gh dsrlr dr ghvhqyroylphqwr gh vriwzd0uhg1 Frp remhwlyr gh djlol}du hvwh surfhvvr/id}hp sduwh gh xp dpelhqwh gh surjudpdÇÃr=hglwru gh fÓgljr irqwh/ frpslodgru h lqwhusuhwdgrugh fÓgljr/ ihuudphqwd gh frqvwuxÇÃr dxwrpdwl}d0gd/ h sru ilp/ xp ghsxudgru gh fÓgljr ^4`1 Do0jxqv h{hpsorv ghvvhv dpelhqwhv vÃr=QhwEhdqv/ Hfolsvh h Nghyhors1

QhwEhdqv/ hvfulwr hp mdyd/ srgh vhu h{hfx0wdgr hp txdotxhu frpsxwdgru frp MYP lqvwdod0gr/ lqfoxlqgr Zlqgrzv/ Pdf RV h Olqx{1 D MYP

+Mdyd Yluwxdo Pdfklqh,/ É xp surjudpd txh lqwhu0suhwd h h{hfxwd surjudpdv hvfulwrv hp Mdyd/frqyhuwhqgr vhx fÓgljr sdud h{hfxwÁyho gh pÁ0txlqd1 D MYP É uhvsrqvÁyho sru wrgr jhuhqfld0phqwr ghvvhv surjudpdv hp Mdyd ^5`/ frp xpdhvwuxwxud yrowdgd d dsolfdÇÕhv sdud Ghvnwrsv1Qr QhwEhdqv/ srgh0vh xwlol}du/ doÉp gh Mdyd/ olq0jxdjhqv frpr MdydVfulsw/ S|wkrq/ Uxe|/ Jur0ry|/ F/ F../ hqwuh rxwudv1 D klvwÓuld gr QhwEhdqvwhyh lqÍflr hp 4<<9/ txdqgr hud fkdpdgr gh[hoil/ xpd h{suhvvÃr xwlol}dgd sdud Ghoskl1 R Md0yd LGH vxujlx frpr xp surmhwr gh shvtxlvd/ hhp 4<<: vh wruqrx r QhwEhdqv frpr yhuvÃr fr0phufldo/ srvwhulruphqwh frpsudgr shod hpsuhvdVxq Plfurv|vwhpv/ txh olehurx r fÓgljr h rwudqviruprx hp Rshq Vrxufh ^6`1

DDppeellhhqqwwhhvvgghh ssuurrjjuuddppddÇÇÃÃrr oollyyuuhhvvSru Doh{ Vdqgur Idjxqghv

�<4

zzz1v

{f1kx

GHVHQYROYLPHQWR � DPELHQWHV GH SURJUDPD§£R OLYUH


R Hfolsvh/ gd phvpd irupd txh r QhwEh0dqv/ hvfulwr hp Mdyd/ whp vlgr dpsodphqwh xwlol0}dgr sdud r ghvhqyroylphqwr gh dsolfdÇÕhvMdyd/ pdv srgh vh xwlol}du gh olqjxdjhqv frprDgd/ F/ F../ FRERO/ Shuo/ SKS/ S|wkrq/ hqwuhrxwudv1 Surmhwr lqlfldgr shod LEP hp qryhpeurgh 5334/ frp r dsrlr gh xp frqvÓuflr gh iruqh0fhgruhv gh vriwzduh/ txh ghvhqyroyhx d sulphludyhuvÃr h r grrx sdud frpxqlgdgh/ wudqvirupdq0gr0r hp Rshq Vrxufh hp 53371 Dwxdophqwh/ wud0wd0vh gd LGH Mdyd frp irfr yrowdgr d frqvwuxÇÃrgh xpd sodwdirupd gh ghvhqyroylphqwr/ dehuwd hfrpsrvwd sru xpd h{whqvÍyho jdpd gh iud0

phzrunv ^7`1

R Nghyhors sdud sodwdirupdv Xql{0olnh/ xwlol0}dqgr NGH frpr ghvnwrs edvh/ qÃr id} xvr ghxp frpslodgru/ mÁ txh id} xvr gh frpslodgruhv h{0whuqrv/ frpr JFF1 Vxsruwd olqjxdjhqv frprDgd/ Edvk/ F/ F../ Iruwudq/ Mdyd/ Sdvfdo/ Shuo/SKS/ S|wkrq h Uxe|1 OdqÇdgd hp 4<<</ dv yhu0vÕhv 41{ h 51{ irudp ghvhqyroylgdv hp xp shuÍr0gr gh 7 dqrv1 Ehuqg Jhkupdqq dqxqflrx duhvfulwd gr }hur sdud r odqÇdphqwr gd yhuvÃr 61{sdud r dqr 5334/ vhx sulphlur odqÇdphqwr rfru0uhx hp 5337 mxqwdphqwh frp r NGH 61581

Frpr xp dpelhqwh dx{loldu/ dlqgd srghprvfrqwdu frp r TwGhvljqhu/ sdud r ghvhqyroylphqwrgh whodv1 Lqfoxl xpd vÉulh gh frpsrqhqwhv/ txh wud0edokdp mxqwrv sdud iruqhfhu xpd ihuudphqwd gh gh0vljq ioh{Íyho1 Frp xpd lqwhuidfh edvhdgd hpirupxoÁulr/ txh dfhlwd surfhvvrv frpr fgudj dqg

gursg/ rshudÇÕhv gh hqwudgd gh wh{wr/ ghvid}hu h uh0id}hu1 R Tw ghvljqhu id} sduwh gdv ihuudphqwdv txhfrpsÕh r Tw/ dwxdophqwh ghvhqyroylgr shod Qrnld1Vxujlx dsÓv d dtxlvlÇÃr gd Qrnld shod hpsuhvd qr0uxhjxhvd Wuroowhfk/ r surgxwru ruljlqdo gr Tw ^9`1

Lqghshqghqwh gr dpelhqwh gh surjudpd0ÇÃr xvdgr/ yrfÊ ghyh dydoldu wrgr frqwh{wr hptxh d ihuudphqwd vh hqfrqwud/ rewhqgr lqirupd0ÇÕhv vreuh grfxphqwdÇÃr/ fdsdflgdgh gh ghvhq0yroylphqwr/ eleolrwhfdv h iudphzrunv rihuhflgrv/ohydqgr hp frqvlghudÇÃr qÃr dshqdv xpd dowhu0qdwlyd gh xvr/ pdv dv yduldgdv srvvlelolgdghv h ol0plwdÇÕhv rihuhflgdv shod ihuudphqwd1

Dr hvfrokhu r vhx dpelhqwh gh surjudpd0ÇÃr/ surfxuh lqirupdÇÕhv qdv grfxphqwdÇÕhv hiÓuxqv rihuhflgrv1 Whqwh xwlol}du r pÁ{lpr srvvÍ0yho gr txh d ihuudphqwd okh rihuhfh1 Ohpeuh0vhtxh yrfÊ ghflgh txdo dpelhqwh gh surjudpdÇÃrghvhmd xwlol}du/ h ghqwuh dv judqghv ydqwdjhqv ghhvfrokhu xp dpelhqwh gh surjudpdÇÃr olyuh/ yr0fÊ srgh dlqgd froderudu sdud r vhx ghvhqyroyl0phqwr/ lvwr É r fHvsÍulwr Olyuhg txh exvfdprvglixqglu h sru hp suÁwlfd1

UhihuÊqfldv=

^4` kwws=22yd1px2H;Fy^5` kwws=22hq1zlnlshgld1ruj2zlnl2MYP^6` kwws=22qhwehdqv1ruj2ne2lqgh{1kwpo^7` kwws=22zzz1hfolsvh1ruj2ruj2^8` kwws=22hq1zlnlshgld1ruj2zlnl2Nghyhors^9` kwws=22grf1tw1qrnld1frp27132tw70ghvljqhu1kwpo

�<5

Doh{ Vdqgur Idjxqghv É ghvhqyroyhgru/phpeur gd htxlsh EUOl{ +zzz1euol{1frp,1Judgxdgr hp Whfqrorjld hpGhvhqyroylphqwr h DqÁolvh gh Vlvwhpdv1Wudedokd frp Vkhoo Vfulsw/ S|wkrq h F/lqwhjudgr d Tw1 Dwxdophqwh/ ghvhqyroyhqgrwhvwhv frp r fÓgljr irqwh gr OleuhRiilfh/ hpdpelhqwh PVZlqgrzv +[S h Vhyhq, h Olqx{+Gheldq h EUOl{,1

GHVHQYROYLPHQWR � DPELHQWHV GH SURJUDPD§£R OLYUH


http://va.mu/E8Cv

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JVM

http://netbeans.org/kb/index.html

http://www.eclipse.org/org/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kdevelop

http://doc.qt.nokia.com/4.0/qt4-designer.html


�<7Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

GGLLFFDD==##RRSSHHUUDD§§µµHHVV##PPººOOWWLLSSOODDVV##QQRR##FFDDOOFF

Operaçõesmúltiplas no Calc

Txdo# É# phx# jdqkr# lqlfldo# hp# xwlol}du# vriwzduh#olyuhB

Qd# wrpdgd# gh# ghflvÃr# d# idyru# rx# frqwud# qd#vxevwlwxlÇÃr# gd# vxÍwh# sursulhwÁuld# shor# OleuhRiilfh/#fkhjd# xp# prphqwr# hp# txh# rv# qÚphurv# ghyhp#dsduhfhu1# Iduhprv# xp# h{hufÍflr# gh# dydoldÇÃr# gh#fxvwr# xwlol}dqgr# xp# uhfxuvr# gd# sodqlokd# Fdof# gh#qrph# RshudÇÕhv# PÚowlsodv# sdud# srghuprv# wludu#qrvvdv# frqfoxvÕhv# vreuh# d# ghflvÃr# gh# pljudu# rx#qÃr1

4#Fdofxodu#d#txdqwlgdgh#gh#olfhqÇdv#vxevwlwxÍgdv1

Sdud#lqlfldu#qrvvr#h{hfÍflr#ydprv#frorfdu#xpd#iÓupxod# vlpsohv# sdud# fdofxodu# r# fxvwr# gdv# olfhqÇdv#hp# qrvvr# sdutxh# gh# pÁtxlqdv1# Dojxqv# qÚphurv#srghp#vhu#hvwlpdgrv#sdud#hihlwr#gh#h{hpsor=

Ydoru# gd# olfhqÇd# dqxdo# freudgd# shor#iruqhfhgru=#U'#83/33#+FÉoxod#E4,

Qxphur# gh# frpsxwdgruhv# gd# hpsuhvd=# 833#+FÉoxod#E5,

Mdqhod# gh# whpsr# sdud# dydoldÇÃr=# 6# dqrv#+FÉoxod#E6,

Idwru#gh#vxevwlwxlÇÃr=#83(# +grv#frpsxwdgruhv#gd#hpsuhvd,#+FÉoxod#E7,

Qrvvr# fxvwr# hqwÃr/# gdgrv# dv# lqirupdÇÕhv#dflpd# vhuÁ# frorfdgr# qd# fÉoxod# E8# h# frorfduhprv# d#iÓupxod#E8#@#E4-E5-E6-E7

Lqlfldophqwh# hqwÃr# whuhprv# r# ydoru# gh#U'6:1833/33#fruuhvsrqghqwh#dr#fxvwr#sru#6#dqrv#gh#583# +@833# {# 83(,# frpsxwdgruhv# frp# olfhqÇdv# gh#xvr#gr#vriwzduh#sursulhwÁulr1

Wrpdgd# gh# ghflvÃr=# txdqwr# yrx# jdvwdu# rx#hfrqrpl}du#vh#dlqgd#qÃr#whqkr#wrgrv#rv#gdgrvB

R# wrpdgru#gh#ghflvÃr#suhflvd#dydoldu#dojxpdv#yduldÇÕhv# qr# fhqÁulr# lqlfldophqwh# lpdjlqdgr# qd#vhÇÃr# dflpd=# H# vh# iruhp# vrphqwh# 533#frpsxwdgruhv# rx# 4333B# H# vh# iru# qr# shuÍrgr# gh# 8#dqrvB# H# vh# hx# frqvhjxlu# vxevwlwxlu# <3(# gr# phx#sdutxhB#Frpr#fdofxor#wxgr#lvvr#mxqwrB

D# uhvsrvwd# hvwÁ# qd# xwlol}dÇÃr# gdv# RshudÇÕhv#PÚowlsodv1

Sru#Rolylhu#Kdoorw



5#RshudÇÕhv#pÚowlsodv#gh#xpd#ydulÁyho1

Vh#txlvhuprv#vdehu#txdqwr#ydprv#jdvwdu#frp#olfhqÇdv# hp# qrvvr# sdutxh# gh# pÁtxlqdv/#ghshqghqgr# gr# ydoru# gd# olfhqÇd# freudgd# shor#iruqhfhgru/# whuhprv# hqwÃr# gh# yduldu# hvwh# ydoru# qd#iÓupxod#dflpd1

Xwlol}dqgr# dv# RP/# srghuhprv# whu# xpd# wdehod#frp# hvvd# yduldÇÃr1# Sdud# lvvr# lqvlud# qd# froxqd# G#olqkd# 5# dwÉ# d# olqkd# ;# rv# vhjxlqwhv# ydoruhv/#fruuhvsrqghqwhv#d#xpd#yduldÇÃr#gr#ydoru#gd# olfhqÇd#gh#83#dvwÉ#;33#uhdlv#sru#xqlgdgh1

Djrud# vhohflrqh# r# lqwhuydor# G5=H;# h# dflrqh# r#frpdqgr# Gdgrv# ^ # RshudÇÕhv# PÚowlsodv1# D# vhjxlqwh#fdl{d#gh#glÁorjr#dsduhfhuÁ=

Qd# hqwudgd# IÓupxodv# vhohflrqh# d# fÉoxod# E8/#txh# frqwÉp# d# irupxod# gr# fÁofxor# gr# fxvwr1# Qd#hqwudgd# FÉoxod# gh# hqwudgd# gh# froxqd/# vhohflrqh# d#fÉoxod# E4# txh# frqwÉp# r# ydoru# gd# olfhqÇd1# Surqwr/#djrud#edvwd#folfdu#hp#RN#h#r#uhvxowdgr#dsduhfhuÁ#qd#froxqd#H5#d#H;=

6#YduldÇÃr#hp#xpd#vhjxqgd#glphqvÃr1

R# phvpr# uhfxuvrv# srgh# dmxgdu# d# fuldu# xpd#wdehod# sdud# dydolduprv# grlv# sduÂphwurv1# Sru#h{hpsor/#r#fxvwr#gd#olfhqÇd#h#r#idwru#gh#vxevwlwxlÇÃr#gr#sdutxh1#Sdud# lvvr#ydprv#frorfdu#qr# lqwhuydor#H4#d#M4#rv#vhjxlqwhv#ydoruhv=

Whprv# hqwÃr# gh# vhohflrqdu# r# lqwhuydor# gh#qrvvd#wdehod/#hqwuh#G4#h#M;1#D#vhjxlu#frpdqgdprv#d#rshudÇÃr#pÚowlsod#hp#olqkdv#h#froxqdv=

Rqgh# E7# É# r# sduÂphwur# gr# idwru# gh#vxevwlwxlÇÃr1#R#uhvxowdgr#hqwÃr#dsduhfhuÁ#qd#wdehod=

Surqwr1# YrfÊ# djrud# srgh# frqvxowdu# d# wdehod# h#yhulilfdu#rqgh#r#fxvwr#gh#vhx#sdutxh#gh#pdtxlqdv#vh#hqfrqwud/# shod# yduldÇÃr#gd# olfhqÇd#h# gr# vxfhvvr#gd#vxevwlwxlÇÃr#gh#olfhqÇdv#sdjdv1

GGLLFFDD==##RRSSHHUUDD§§µµHHVV##PPººOOWWLLSSOODDVV##QQRR##FFDDOOFF

ROLYLHU#KDOORW#É#hqjhqkhlur#hohwuÔqlfr/#PvF#

hp# Vlvwhpdv# h# PED# hp# ³ohr# h# JÁv># Phpeur#

Ixqgdgru#h#Frqvhokhlur#gd#WGI#+Wkh#Grfxphqw#

Irxqgdwlrq,/# Wudgxwru# yroxqwÁulr# gr# OleuhRiilfh#

sdud# SruwxjxÊv# gr# Eudvlo># Gluhwru# h{hfxwlyr# gd#

DOWD# h# frqvxowru# sdud# surmhwrv# gh# pljudÇÃr1#

Frqwdwr=# rolylhu1kdoorwCgrfxphqwirxqgdwlrq1ruj



GGLLFFDD==##HH[[SSRRUUWWDDUU##GGRRFFXXPPHHQQWWRRVV##SSDDUUDD##SSGGII

H{sruwdu#grfxphqwrv#sdud#SGI

Xp# grv# ehorv# uhfxuvrv# txh# r# OleuhRiilfh#srvvxl# hp# vhxv# pÓgxorv# É# d# h{sruwdÇÃr# gh#grfxphqwrv# sdud# r# irupdwr# SGI1# R# phokru# glvvr#wxgr# É# txh# yrfÊ# srgh# ghilqlu# txdlv# dv# sÁjlqdv# grv#grfxphqwrv# yrfÊ# ghvhmd# h{sruwdu# sdud# r# SGI1#Yhmdprv#frpr#id}hu1

Deud# r# grfxphqwr# txh# yrfÊ# ghvhmd# h{sruwdu#sdud# SGI1# Hp# vhjxlgd/# yÁ# qr# phqx# DUTXLYR0H[SRUWDU#FRPR#SGI1

Vh#yrfÊ#ghvhmd#txh#r#vhx#SGI#whqkd#dshqdv#sÁjlqdv# hvshfÍilfdv/# yrfÊ# ghyh# vhohflrqdu# r#lqwhuydor# %SÁjlqdv#hvshflilfdgdv%/# gljlwh#qd# fdl{d#dr#odgr#dv#sÁjlqdv#txh#ghvhmd#txh#frqvwh#qr#vhx#SGI1#Dv# sÁjlqdv# ghyhp# vhu# vhsdudgdv# sru# srqwr# h#yÍujxod/#h{hpsor=#6>#9>#<1

Sru#Holdqh#Grplqjrv


�<:Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

DsÓv# ghilqlgd# dv# sÁjlqdv/# foltxh# qr# erwÃr#H[SRUWDU# h# xpd# qryd# mdqhod# vhuÁ# h{lelgd/# sdud#txh# yrfÊ# iruqhÇd# r# qrph# sdud# r# dutxlyr# SGI# h# r#orfdo#rqgh#ghyh#vhu#vdoyr1#Foltxh#qr#erwÃr#VDOYDU1#Surqwr$#Vhx#dutxlyr#SGI#irl#jhudgr#frp#dv#sÁjlqdv#hvshflilfdgdv1

YrfÊ# wdpeÉp# srgh# ghilqlu# xp# lqwhuydor# gh#sÁjlqdv/# vhjxlqgr# r# phvpr# surfhvvr# txh# il}hprv#dqwhulruphqwh/#vhqgr#txh#d#glihuhqÇd#vhuÁ#txh#yrfÊ#frorfduÁ#r# lqwhuydor#gh#sÁjlqdv#txh#ghvhmd#h{sruwdu/#h{hpsor=#:0451

DsÓv# ghilqlgd# r# lqwhuydor# gh# sÁjlqdv/# foltxh#qr# erwÃr# H[SRUWDU# h# xpd# qryd# mdqhod# vhuÁ#h{lelgd/# sdud# txh# yrfÊ# iruqhÇd# r# qrph# sdud# r#dutxlyr# SGI# h# r# orfdo# rqgh# ghyh# vhu# vdoyr1# Foltxh#qr# erwÃr# VDOYDU1# Surqwr$# Vhx# dutxlyr# SGI# irl#jhudgr#frp#r#lqwhuydor#hvshflilfdgr1

Djrud/# yrfÊ# qÃr# suhflvd# pdlv# vh# suhrfxsdu#hp# jhudu# xp# SGI# frp# wrgdv# dv# sÁjlqdv# gr#grfxphqwr# h# ghsrlv# hglwdu# hp# xp# vriwzduh# gh#hglÇÃr#gh#SGI#sdud#uhwludu#dv#sÁjlqdv#txh#yrfÊ#qÃr#ghvhmd#qr#dutxlyr#SGI1#

Ydoh# uhvvdowdu# txh# hvvh# surfhglphqwr# gh#ghilqlÇÃr#gh#lqwhuydorv#sdud#jhudu#r#SGI#É#r#phvpr#xvdgr#txdqgr#yrfÊ#ghvhmd#lpsulplu#grfxphqwrv1

Qd#suÓ{lpd#hglÇÃr#frqwlqxduhl#frp#d#glfd#gh#h{sruwdu# grfxphqwrv# sdud# SGI/# vhqgr# txh# d#derugdjhp# vhuÁ# jhudu# grfxphqwrv# sdud# SGI# frp#vhjxudqÇd1#DwÉ#d#suÓ{lpd#hglÇÃr$

GGLLFFDD==##HH[[SSRRUUWWDDUU##GGRRFFXXPPHHQQWWRRVV##SSDDUUDD##SSGGII

HOLDQH# GRPLQJRV# 0# Gluhwrud#

Dgplqlvwudwlyd# h# Ilqdqfhlud# gd# DOWD#

+DvvrfldÇÃr# Oleuh# gh# Whfqrorjldv#

Dehuwdv,/# Phpeur# gd# WGI# +Wkh#

Grfxphqw# Irxqgdwlrq,/# Phpeur# gd#

Frpxqlgdgh# OleuhRiilfh# Eudvlo# h#

Frpxqlgdgh# VO0UM1# Frqwdwr=#

holdqhgrplqjrvCdowd1ruj1eu



�<;Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

Frpxqlgdgh#OleuhRiilfh#Eudvlo#pdufd#suhvhqÉd

IV GNUGRAF - Rio de Janeiro - 10 e 11 de setembro I Oficina Informal - Rio de Janeiro - 17 de setembro

Aos organizadores dos eventos, os meus sinceros agradecimentos pela oportunidade dada a Comunidade LibreOffice Brasil. Nos vemos nas próximas edições. Eliane Domingos - [email protected]


Surjudpd#gh#Dsrlr#WhfqroÓjlfr#sdud#rv#PxqlfÍslrv#Eudvlohlurv#0#7FPEu#uhdol}d#r#LL#

Hqfrqwur#Qdflrqdo#gh#whfqrorjld#gd#LqirupdÇÃr

Rv# vriwzduhv# sÚeolfrv# hvwÃr# uhyljrudqgr/#

sulqflsdophqwh/# d# dgplqlvwudÇÃr# gh# shtxhqdv#suhihlwxudv/#ehp#frpr#wrgr#r#hfrvvlvwhpd#txh#hqyroyh# r# xvr# ghvwd# whfqrorjld1# Txdvh# 4333#flgdghv# mÁ# id}hp# sduwh# gr#7FPEu+Frpxqlgdgh/# Frqkhflphqwr/#FroderudÇÃr# h# Frpsduwlokdphqwr# grv#PxqlfÍslrv# Eudvlohlurv,# h# r# fdgdvwur# dwxdo#frqwd#frp#pdlv#gh#71433#phpeurv#lqwhudjlqgr#qr# Sruwdo+zzz1vriwzduhsxeolfr1jry1eu27fpeu,/#vhqgr# txh# mÁ# h{lvwhp# 96# fdvrv# gh# vxfhvvrv#gh#pxqlfÍslrv#txh# lqirupdudp#vxd#phokrud#gh#jhvwÃr# dwudyÉv# gr# xvr# grv# vriwzduhv#glvsrqÍyhlv#qr#Sruwdo#gr#Vriwzduh#SÚeolfr1

Frp#d# ilqdolgdgh# gh#phokrudu# d# jhvwÃr/# frpedwhu# r# ghvshugÍflr# gh# uhfxuvrv# sÚeolfrv/# jhuhqfldu# h#sodqhmdu# jdvwrv/# uhgx}lu# fxvwrv# h# rihuhfhu# À# vrflhgdgh# vhuylÇrv# hohwuÔqlfrv# gh# txdolgdgh# r# 7FPEu#uhdol}duÁ#vxd#vhjxqgd#hglÇÃr

R# LL# Hqfrqwur# wdpeÉp# luÁ# glvsrqlelol}du# qrydv# vroxÇÕhv/# frpr# r# pÓgxor# gh# wudqvsduÊqfld# gd#ihuudphqwd# h0flgdgh/# uhdol}du# rilflqdv# wÉfqlfdv/# sdohvwudv# h# glyxojdu# lqirupdÇÕhv# uhohydqwhv# frpr#xwlol}du#r#OleuhRiilfh#0#vxÍwh#gh#hvfulwÓulr#ghvhqyroylgd#hp#vriwzduh#olyuh1#

R#PlqlvwÉulr#gr#Sodqhmdphqwr/#r#PlqlvwÉulr#gdv#Flgdghv/#d#Vhfuhwduld#gh#UhodÇÕhv#Lqvwlwxflrqdlv#h#d#WhoheuÁv#vÃr#rujdql}dgruhv#gr#hyhqwr

R# hyhqwr# vhuÁ# uhdol}dgr# hp# EudvÍold0GI# qr# ilqdo# gr# pÊv# gh# rxwxeur/# qrv# gldv# 58/# 59# h# 5:/# vhuÁ#judwxlwr/#ydl#hqwuhjdu#fhuwlilfdgr#gh#sduwlflsdÇÃr#h#ydl#frqwdu#frp#pdlv#8#dwlylgdghv#sdudohodv=

0#LL#Hqfrqwur#Qdflrqdo#gr#Vriwzduh#SÚeolfr0#LL#Hqfrqwur#Qdflrqdo#gh#Txdolgdgh#gh#Vriwzduh0# L# Hqfrqwur# gh#JryhuqdqÇd# hp#Whfqrorjld# gd#LqirupdÇÃr0#L#Hqfrqwur#Qdflrqdo#gh#Gdgrv#Dehuwrv0# SuÉ0FrqihuÊqfld# Qdflrqdo# gh# Jryhuqr#HohwuÔqlfr#

LqvfulÇÕhv=

©# qhfhvvÁulr# id}hu# d# lqvfulÇÃr# dwudyÉv# gr#7FPEu+zzz1vriwzduhsxeolfr1jry1eu27fpeu,1#Sdud#pdlv# lqirupdÇÕhv# hqwudu# hp# frqwdwr# frp#7fpeuCvriwzduhsxeolfr1jry1eu


JryhuqdqÇd gh WLqdv hpsuhvdv

Sru IdeuÍflr Edvwr

�434

HPSUHVDV � JRYHUQDQ§D GH WL QDV HPSUHVDV

Txdo d fkdyh gr vxfhvvrB GliÍflo ghvfuhyhu/ pdv frp lqyhvwlphqwrhp txdolgdgh/ sodqhmdphqwr h jhuhqfldphqwr hilflhqwh ilfd pdlv

iÁflo phqvxudu1

D jryhuqdqÇd gh WL dx{lold qr surfhvvr gh jhvwÃr gdv hpsuhvdv/qÃr vrphqwh qd Áuhd gh WL/ pdv sursruflrqd phfdqlvprv h

lqglfdgruhv txh srghp vhu xwlol}dgrv sru wrgdv dv Áuhdv1 © suhflvrtxh d Áuhd gh WL hvwhmd lqwhjudgd frp d jhuÊqfld gh qhjÓflr gd

hpsuhvd/ ixqflrqdqgr frp xp dolfhufh/ txh jdudqwh txdolgdgh qrvvhuylÇrv h2rx surgxwrv rihuwdgrv1

PlfkdhoO

dWh

u}0zzz1v

{f1k

x


D whfqrorjld gd lqirupdÇÃr É gh h{wuhpdlpsruwÂqfld sdud d rujdql}dÇÃr gh xpdhpsuhvd/ vhmd hod plfur/ shtxhqd rxpxowlqdflrqdo1 Txdqgr xvdgd gd pdqhludfruuhwd/ sursruflrqd lqirupdÇÕhv suhflvdv sdudxpd wrpdgd gh ghflvÃr hilflhqwh1 D Whfqrorjldgd LqirupdÇÃr +WL, suhflvd hvwdu dolqkdgd drqhjÓflr gd hpsuhvd/ wxgr suhflvd vhu sodqhmdgrsdud txh whqkd xp htxloÍeulr hqwuh fxvwr hehqhiÍflr1 Frp dv lqirupdÇÕhv jhudgdv shorvvlvwhpdv lqirupÁwlfrv/ srghprv holplqdusurfhvvrv/ hfrqrpl}du whpsr h glqkhlur/rewhqgr judqgh dxphqwr gh surgxwlylgdgh hfrqvhtxhqwhphqwh vhqgr pdlv frpshwlwlyrv qrphufdgr1

Hp xpd hfrqrpld edvhdgd qd lqirupdÇÃr/r srghu gh frqfruuÊqfld gh xpd hpsuhvdghshqgh gh vxd fdsdflgdgh gh dgtxlulu/ wudwdu/lqwhusuhwdu h xwlol}du d lqirupdÇÃr gh irupdhilfd}1 QÓv ylyhprv qd hud gd lqirupdÇÃr/ wxgrÉ edvhdgr qr frqkhflphqwr/ sru lvvr d hpsuhvdsuhflvd hvwdu dwhqwd/ oljdgd dv %qrydv rqgdv%1Dvvlp/ d whfqrorjld h rv uhfxuvrv txh dhpsuhvd srvvxl ghyhp vhu xwlol}dgrv qr vxsruwhÀ jhvwÃr gd lqirupdÇÃr1

R txh É jryhuqdqÇd gh WLB

D jryhuqdqÇd gh WL srgh vhu ghilqlgd frprfrqmxqwr gh suÁwlfdv h remhwlyrv txh ylvdp rjhuhqfldphqwr/ r frqwuroh h d txdolgdgh grvsurfhvvrv h dwlylgdghv gd whfqrorjld gdlqirupdÇÃr qd rujdql}dÇÃr/ whqgr frpr irfr/ ddglÇÃr gh ydoru dr qhjÓflr1 Frp vxd xwlol}dÇÃr ÉsrvvÍyho irupxodu hvwudwÉjldv h phwdv txh luÃrjhudu ydqwdjhqv frpshwlwlydv sdud d WL/ id}hqgrfrp txh d rujdql}dÇÃr vhmd surgxwlyd h surdwlyd/vhpsuh prqlwrudqgr h dqwhflsdqgr dv srvvÍyhlvixwxudv idokdv h sureohpdv/ sdud srghu iruqhfhuvhpsuh xp vhuylÇr 433( glvsrqÍyho h frqilÁyho1

D jryhuqdqÇd gh WL srgh vhu lpsohphqwdgdhp wrgdv dv hpsuhvdv/ dwudyÉv gd fdqdol}dÇÃrgrv uhfxuvrv/ exvfdqgr vhpsuh d txdolgdgh qdsuhvwdÇÃr gh vhuylÇrv1 D jryhuqdqÇd gh WLrevhuyd wrgdv dv ghpdqgdv grv ghsduwdphqwrv/

hqwuh hodv/ vhjxudqÇd qrv surfhvvrv/glvsrqlelolgdgh h frqildelolgdgh qrv vhuylÇrvsuhvwdgrv/ rx vhmd/ d WL ghyh ghl{du wxgrixqflrqdqgr/ qr prphqwr txh É uhtxlvlwdgr/frp surfhvvrv vhjxurv/ vhp lqioxÊqfldvh{whuqdv/ h xp vhuylÇr dowdphqwh frqilÁyho/ vhphuurv/ sdudgdv rx idwruhv txh srghpfrpsurphwhu d txdolgdgh1

EhqhiÍflrv

D jryhuqdqÇd gh WL sursruflrqd pxlwrvehqhiÍflrv sdud dv rujdql}dÇÕhv1 Hqwuh hohv=

41 Txdqgr ehp lpsodqwdgd jdudqwhvhjxudqÇd/ glvsrqlelolgdgh h frqildelolgdgh/id}hqgr frp txh d hpsuhvd whqkd fuhglelolgdghshudqwh ixqflrqÁulrv/ folhqwhv h vrflhgdgh>

51 Dxwrpdwl}d wduhidv hvshfÍilfdv txhsdvvdp d vhu uhdol}dgdv hp phqrv whpsr/uhvxowdqgr qd glplqxlÇÃr gr fxvwr/ gd prqrwrqldgh h{hfxwdu wduhidv uhshwlwlydv/ qd phokrud grsurfhvvr surgxwlyr +sru irfdu dv wduhidv pdlvlpsruwdqwhv,/ rewhqgr pdlru surgxwlylgdgh hdxphqwr gd frpshwlwlylgdgh>

61 Dx{lold rv froderudgruhv d whvwdudojxpdv ghflvÕhv dqwhv gh frorfÁ0odv hpsuÁwlfd/ txh lqioxÊqfld qdv ghflvÕhv ghtxdolgdgh/ srghqgr dqwhflsdu rv sureohpdv hirupxodu vroxÇÕhv>

71 Srvvxl dwhqglphqwr vdwlvidwÓulr drfolhqwh hp ghfruuÊqfld gh xpd whfqrorjld ehpdsolfdgd/ txh/ sru vdwlvid}hu r folhqwh/ srghwruqÁ0or ilho1 © srvvÍyho xwlol}du/ gh prgrhilflhqwh/ xpd whfqrorjld vlpsohv h dfhvvÍyho Àvplfur h shtxhqdv rujdql}dÇÕhv frpr xpd olqkdwhohiÔqlfd h xp lghqwlilfdgru gh fkdpdgdv/ txhsrvvlelolwd lghqwlilfdu r folhqwh h rihuhfhu0okh xpdwhqglphqwr shuvrqdol}dgr>

81 Lqwhjudu r xvr gd whfqrorjld txh srghsursruflrqdu yhqgdv pdlruhv sdud folhqwhvsrwhqfldlv/ srghqgr xwlol}du whfqrorjldv wdlvfrpr/ frpÉuflr hohwuÔqlfr h xwlol}dÇÃr gdv uhghvvrfldlv sdud glyxojdÇÃr gh surgxwrv h pdufd>

�435




91 Xwlol}du d lqwhuqhw frpr xpd ihuudphqwdfdsd} gh h{sdqglu phufdgrv/ hvvhqfldo sdud dfrpxqlfdÇÃr frp sdufhlurv/ froderudgruhv hfolhqwhv/ xp uhfxuvr glvsrqÍyho Àv rujdql}dÇÕhvgh wrgrv rv sruwhv>

:1 UhgxÇÃr gh fxvwrv h djuhjdÇÃr gh ydorudr qhjÓflr/ srlv frp surfhvvrv h dwlylgdghvdghtxdgrv/ d rujdql}dÇÃr whuÁ hfrqrpld ghwhpsr h glqkhlur1

Iudphzrunv h prghorv gh jryhuqdqÇdgh WL 0 Dgdswdgr gh Idjxqghv ^4`

Krmh h{lvwhp yÁulrv iudphzrunv +prghorvgh wudedokr, txh iruqhfhp dv pÉwulfdv h r txhghyh vhu ihlwr sdud lpsodqwdu xpd jryhuqdqÇd ghWL hilfd} h hilflhqwh/ vÃr hohv=

FRELW +Frqwuro Remhfwlyhv iruLqirupdwlrq dqg uhodwhg Whfkqrorj|,= Lqfoxluhfxuvrv frpr xp vxpÁulr h{hfxwlyr/ xpiudphzrun / frqwurohv gh remhwlyrv/ pdsdv ghdxglwruld/ lqglfdgruhv gh phwdv h shuirupdqfh/xp frqmxqwr gh ihuudphqwdv gh lpsohphqwdÇÃr hxp jxld frp wÉfqlfdv gh jhuhqfldphqwr1 DvsuÁwlfdv gh jhvwÃr gr FRELW vÃr uhfrphqgdgdvshorv shulwrv hp jhvwÃr gh WL/ txh dmxgdp drwlpl}du rv lqyhvwlphqwrv hp WL h iruqhfhppÉwulfdv sdud dydoldÇÃr grv uhvxowdgrv1 © irfdgrqr frqwuroh1

R FRELW É rulhqwdgr d surfhvvrv/ fdgdsurfhvvr srvvxl glyhuvdv pÉwulfdv txh ghyhpvhu vhjxlgdv sdud jdudqwlu d txdolgdgh grvvhuylÇrv suhvwdgrv1

R olyur gr FRELW É glvsrqlelol}dgr vhpfxvwr qd lqwhuqhw1 ^5`

LWLO +Lqirupdwlrq Whfkqrorj|Lqiudvwuxfwxuh Oleudu|,= Prghor qÃr sursulhwÁulrh sÚeolfr/ txh ghilqh dv phokruhv suÁwlfdv sdud rjhuhqfldphqwr grv vhuylÇrv gh WL1 Fdgd pÓgxorgh jhvwÃr gr LWLO ghilqh xpd eleolrwhfd ghsuÁwlfdv sdud phokrudu d hilflÊqfld gh WL/uhgx}lqgr rv ulvfrv h dxphqwdqgr d txdolgdghgrv vhuylÇrv h r jhuhqfldphqwr gh vxdlqiudhvwuxwxud1 © irfdgr qr vhuylÇr1

SpERN +Surmhfw Pdqdjhphqw Erg| riNqrzohgjh,= Ylvd surpryhu h dpsoldu rfrqkhflphqwr vreuh jhuhqfldphqwr gh surmhwrv/dvvlp frpr phokrudu r ghvhpshqkr grvsurilvvlrqdlv h rujdql}dÇÕhv gd Áuhd1 DvghilqlÇÕhv h surfhvvrv gr Surmhfw PdqdjhphqwLqvwlwxwh +SPL, hvwÃr sxeolfdgrv qr SPERN1Hvvh pdqxdo ghilqh h ghvfuhyh dv kdelolgdghv/ihuudphqwdv h wÉfqlfdv sdud r jhuhqfldphqwr ghxp surmhwr1 R jhuhqfldphqwr gh xp surmhwrfrpsuhhqgh flqfr hwdsdv= lqÍflr/ sodqhmdphqwr/h{hfxÇÃr/ frqwuroh h ihfkdphqwr/ ehp frprqryh Áuhdv gh frqkhflphqwr= lqwhjudÇÃr/hvfrsr/ whpsr/ fxvwr/ txdolgdgh/ uhfxuvrvkxpdqrv/ frpxqlfdÇÃr/ dqÁolvh gh ulvfr hdtxlvlÇÃr1

Fdgd hwdsd gh xp surmhwr ghyh vhufxlgdgrvdphqwh sodqhmdgd/ vrphqwh frpdqÁolvhv h lqirupdÇÕhv gd uhdolgdgh ylylgd shodhpsuhvd/ É srvvÍyho fuldu phfdqlvprv ghfuhvflphqwr h ghvhqyroylphqwr1

FrqfoxvÃr

Dsolfdqgr hvvhv frqfhlwrv qr gld d gld gdvrujdql}dÇÕhv frp fhuwh}d rv surfhvvrv hdwlylgdghv frpr xp wrgr/ vhuÃr pdlv lqwhjudgrvh glqÂplfrv/ holplqdqgr huurv h sursruflrqdqgrfrpshwlwlylgdgh h oxfudwlylgdgh1

^4` kwws=22zzz1hidjxqghv1frp2

^5` kwws=22dqdolvwdwl1frp2frelw07040djrud0sruwxjxhv0rilfldo2

�436

IDEUFLR EDVWR É dgplqlvwudgru ghhpsuhvdv h dqdolvwd gh vlvwhpdv1 Wudedokdfrpr dgplqlvwudgru h surihvvru ghlqirupÁwlfd1 Wzlwwhu= Cdqdolvwdwl




http://analistati.com/cobit-4-1-agora-portugues-oficial/

http://www.efagundes.com/

4 Dqr ghOlqx{ WrwdoSru Ilolsh Jdlr

�437

FRPXQLGDGH � SULPHLUR DQLYHUV¡ULR GR EORJ OLQX[ WRWDO


D KlvwÓuldRv grlv pdlruhv prwlyrv uhvsrqvÁyhlv shod

fuldÇÃr gd Olqx{ Wrwdo irudp d plqkd yrqwdgh ghprqwdu xp iÓuxp vreuh Olqx{ hqjoredqgr rvpdlv glyhuvrv dvvxqwrv h r ihfkdphqwr whpsruÁ0ulr gh pxlwdv frpxqlgdghv vreuh Olqx{ qr Runxw1R iÓuxp frphÇrx gh irupd vlpsohv/ pdv pxlwdvshvvrdv orjr jrvwdudp gd lghld h frphÇdudp ddmxgdu qd glyxojdÇÃr h qd jhudÇÃr gh frqwhÚgrsdud r phvpr1 Fodur txh pxlwrv wdpeÉp qÃrjrvwdudp gd lghld/ pdv lvwr qÃr irl qhqkxp hp0shflokr sdud r vxfhvvr gd Olqx{ Wrwdo1

FrphÇdprv frp xpd krvshgdjhp judwxl0wd h vhp grpÍqlr suÓsulr/ r sksEE 6 irl hvfrokl0gr frpr sodwdirupd ghvgh r lqÍflr ghylgr Àjudqgh ydulhgdgh gh prglilfdÇÕhv glvsrqÍyhlvsdud r phvpr1 R remhwlyr lqlfldo +txh shupdqhfhdwÉ krmh, É r gh glvsrqlelol}du uhfxuvrv sdud idflol0wdu d lqwhudÇÃr hqwuh rv xvxÁulrv h wdpeÉp idflol0wdu r vxsruwh drv xvxÁulrv qrydwrv1

Ghylgr dr dowr qÚphur gh ylvlwdv/ udslgd0phqwh dgtxlulprv xp grpÍqlr suÓsulr +zzz1ol0qx{wrwdo1ruj, h sdvvdprv sdud xp sdfrwh ghkrvshgdjhp frp pdlv uhfxuvrv h hvsdÇr glvsr0qÍyho1 R whpd gr iÓuxp wdpeÉp irl prglilfdgrgxdv yh}hv gxudqwh hvwh sulphlur dqr1 FrphÇd0prv frp xp whpd flq}d/ sdvvdprv sdud xp wh0pd d}xo hvfxur +r txdo shupdqhfhx frpr whpdsdguÃr sru 44 phvhv, h hvvh pÊv hvwdprv xwlol0}dqgr xpd lqwhuidfh rqgh r xvxÁulr srgh hvfr0okhu hqwuh 6 fruhv= yhuphokr/ yhugh h d}xo1

© lpsruwdqwh uhvvdowdu dtxl txh d Olqx{ Wr0wdo qÃr whuld lgr wÃr orqjh vh qÃr irvvh vhxvxvxÁulrv/ dilqdo gh frqwdv/ xp iÓuxp ghshqghÚqlfd h h{foxvlydphqwh gh vhxv xvxÁulrv sdudwhu frqwhÚgr gh txdolgdgh1 Dojxqv xvxÁulrv lq0foxvlyh vh uhjlvwududp qd sulphlud vhpdqd ghh{lvwÊqfld gd Olqx{ Wrwdo h shupdqhfhp dwlyrvdwÉ krmh$

D Olqx{ Wrwdo krmhKrmh d Olqx{ Wrwdo srvvxl srxfr pdlv gh

:33 xvxÁulrv uhjlvwudgrv h vhx frqwhÚgr É glylgl0gr hp pdlv gh 4;33 wÓslfrv h pdlv gh :933phqvdjhqv/ wxgr pxlwr ehp rujdql}dgr sdud iÁ0flo orfdol}dÇÃr grv xvxÁulrv1 D pÉgld gh ylvlwdvÚqlfdv glÁuldv rvflod hqwuh 733 h 8331 Whprv yÁ0ulrv surmhwrv lqlfldgrv shorv vhxv xvxÁulrv frprr ghvhqyroylphqwr gh xp jhuhqfldgru gh grzq0ordg/ lqyhuvru gh XUOv/ dxodv rqolqh gh Sdvfdo/hqwuh rxwurv1 Ghvwdtxh dtxl sdud r Olqx{ WrwdoSurjudpphu +dwxdophqwh qd yhuvÃr 415 ehwd 4,txh idflolwd d fuldÇÃr gh vfulswv hp vkhoo . }hqlw|1

H r ixwxurBD Olqx{ Wrwdo frqwlqxduÁ vhjxlqgr rv phv0

prv frqfhlwrv txh irudp dgrwdgrv dwÉ djrud=hvwduhprv vhpsuh surfxudqgr rv phokruhv uh0fxuvrv srvvÍyhlv sdud idflolwdu d lqwhudÇÃr hqwuhrv xvxÁulrv/ vhp deulu pÃr gh xpd erd rujdql0}dÇÃr gr frqwhÚgr/ txh hvwduÁ vhpsuh glvsrqÍ0yho sdud wrgrv/ vhp h{fhÇÃr1



Dojxpdv glfdv sdud txhp txhu lqlfldu dojxp vlwh 2 eorj 2 frpxqlgdghDojxpdv glfdv lpsruwdqwhv sdud txhp txhu frphÇdu dojxp surmhwr qd Lqwhuqhw/ vhmd hoh xp vlwh/

eorj/ iÓuxp/ frpxqlgdgh/ hwf=

Ghilqd pxlwr ehp vhxv remhwlyrv

QÃr frphfh qdgd vhp vdehu

h{dwdphqwh r txh hvwÁ txhuhqgr id}hu

frp lvvr1 Txhp qÃr vdeh r txh txhu

id}hu rx txhu gdu dwhqÇÃr sdud pxlwdv

frlvdv dr phvpr whpsr/ dfded vh

shughqgr1

Hvfrokd xpd erd dsduÊqfld txh

idflolwh d ohlwxud

QÃr vh hvtxhÇd txh rv xvxÁulrv h2rx

ylvlwdqwhv txh yrfÊ whuÁ yÃr ohu r vhx

frqwhÚgr1 GÊ suhihuÊqfld drv ixqgrv

fodurv h ohwudv pdlv hvfxudv/ qdgd gh

ixqgrv suhwrv frp ohwudv yhugh olpÃr rx

yhuphokd1

Whqkd xpd erd uhodÇÃr hqwuh txdolgdgh

h txdqwlgdgh gh frqwhÚgr

Txdqwr pdlv txdqwlgdgh gh frqwhÚgr yrfÊ wlyhu/

pdlv iÁflo vhx vlwh dsduhfhuÁ gxudqwh dojxpd

shvtxlvd hp phfdqlvprv gh exvfd qd Lqwhuqhw1

H txdqwr pdlv txdolgdgh wlyhu r vhx frqwhÚgr/

pdlv ylvlwdqwhv luÃr uhwruqdu sdud yhu dv

qrylgdghv1

Dfuhglwh qdv uhodÇÕhv ghsdufhuldvSdufhuldv vÃr xpd Ówlpd dowhuqdwlyd/dwudyÉv ghodv rv grlv odgrv jdqkdp1QÃr vh olplwh dshqdv d id}hu xpd wurfdgh edqqhuv/ xwlol}h vxdv sdufhuldv hpuhodÇÕhv pdlv hvwuhlwdv/ sulqflsdophqwhqr txh vh gl} uhvshlwr À fuldÇÃr ghfrqwhÚgr lqwholjhqwh1 Ohpeuh0vh txh/gr phvpr mhlwr txh yrfÊ shgh dmxgdsdud vhxv sdufhlurv/ É lqglvshqvÁyhodmxgÁ0orv wdpeÉp1

Fdgdvwuh0vh hp phfdqlvprv ghexvfdv rqolqhFdgdvwuh0vh qdv exvfdv gr Jrrjoh/ \dkrr/Elqj/ hqwuh rxwudv1 Lvwr É lpsruwdqwhsulqflsdophqwh sdud txhp hvwÁ frphÇdqgr/ mÁtxh vhx eorj qÃr vhuÁ pxlwr frqkhflgr/ ÉsuryÁyho txh txdvh wrgdv dv vxdv sulphludvylvlwdv yhqkdp gh phfdqlvprv gh shvtxlvdv1

Lqwhudmd frp vhxv xvxÁulrv

D lqwhudÇÃr hqwuh txhp id} r frqwhÚgr h

txhp oÊ r frqwhÚgr É pxlwr lpsruwdqwh/

ghvvd irupd É srvvÍyho vdehu txdlv vÃr

dv suhihuÊqfldv gh vhxv xvxÁulrv/ doÉp

gh fuldu xpd uhodÇÃr pdlv suÓ{lpd h

frqtxlvwdu d ilgholgdgh gh pxlwrv

ylvlwdqwhv1



Qxqfd vh hvtxhÇd gh vhxv xvxÁulrv

2 ylvlwdqwhvR txh vhuld gh xp eorj vhp ylvlwdqwhv h

qhp frphqwÁulrvB Iduld vhqwlgr dwxdol}Á0orB

H r txh vhuld gh xp iÓuxp vhp vhxv

xvxÁulrv sdud id}huhp dv srvwdjhqvB

YrfÊ qxqfd ghyh vh hvtxhfhu gh shqvdu hp

vhxv ylvlwdqwhv1 Dilqdo gh frqwdv/ vÃr rv

ylvlwdqwhv txh pryhp rv eorjv/ iÓuxqv/

vlwhv/ uhghv vrfldlv rx txdotxhu rxwud frlvd

txh yrfÊ hqfrqwuh qd Lqwhuqhw1 IdÇd vhpsuh

xpd dqÁolvh vreuh r vhx mhlwr gh fuldu

frqwhÚgr/ vh hoh É dpljÁyho sdud vhxv

ylvlwdqwhv/ vh É gh iÁflo frpsuhhqvÃr1


QÃr olplwh r frqwhÚgr +shor phqrv qrfrphÇr,FrqwhÚgr olplwdgr dshqdv sdud uhjlvwudgrv rxylsvB Ghvlvwd glvvr shor phqrv qr frphÇr1Dqwhv gh olplwdu yrfÊ whp txh prvwudu sdud rpxqgr txh r vhx frqwhÚgr É erp h txh ydoh dshqd vh uhjlvwudu sdud whu dfhvvr d Áuhdvh{foxvlydv1 Frpr yrfÊ id} lvvrB Ghl{dqgrwrgrv dfhvvduhp r frqwhÚgr$ Fdvr txhludolplwdu r dfhvvr gh fhuwdv Áuhdv drv xvxÁulrvuhjlvwudgrv/ idÇd lvvr ghsrlv txh mÁ wlyhu xpqÚphur frqvlghuÁyho gh ylvlwdqwhv glÁulrv1

QÃr hvshuh uhfhehu pxlwrvylvlwdqwhv orjr gh fdudYdoh ohpeudu dtxl= rv ylvlwdqwhv yÃrdsduhfhqgr drv srxfrv h txdqwr pdlvr vhx surmhwr É glixqglgr/ dqxqfldgr hfuhvfhu qd Lqwhuqhw/ pdlv ylvlwdqwhv hohwhuÁ1 Txdvh wrgrv rv eorjv gh vxfhvvrdwxdophqwh frphÇdudp shtxhqrv hirudp fuhvfhqgr frp r whpsr1

QÃr dexvh gh sursdjdqgdv

QÃr dexvh qr qÚphur gh

sursdjdqgdv h edqqhuv suhvhqwhv

qdv sÁjlqdv/ lvvr srgh pxlwdv yh}hv

lqfrprgdu txhp hvwÁ ohqgr r

frqwhÚgr1 Suhilud edqqhuv qd suÓsuld

sÁjlqd/ qdgd gh srs0xsv h qhp gh

whu txh ihfkdu r edqqhu sdud ohu r

frqwhÚgr gd sÁjlqd1

Qr gld 5: gh djrvwr/ d Olqx{ Wrwdo frpsohwrx

xp dqr gh h{lvwÊqfld h hp frphprudÇÃr luÁ

vruwhdu 4 dqr gh krvshgdjhp gh vlwhv

judwxlwdphqwh1 Sdud sduwlflsdu gd surprÇÃr/

dfhvvh kwws=22zzz1olqx{wrwdo1ruj h frqilud r

uhjxodphqwr1


ILOLSH JDLR É Judgxdqgr hp HqjhqkduldPhfÂqlfd qd Xqlyhuvlgdgh Ihghudo gh VÃrMrÃr gho0Uhl h ixqgdgru gr surmhwr Olqx{Wrwdo h froderudgru gd Xexqwx Jdphv1


www.linuxtotal.org

�43;

UUHHYYLLVVWWDD##HHVVSSUULLWWRR##OOLLYYUUHH##SSDDUUWWLLFFLLSSDD##GGRR##IIDDVVRROO##55334444##HHPP##VVDDQQWWDDUU©©PP22SSDD


SSrruu##MMrrÃÃrr##IIhhuuqqddqqggrr##FFrrvvwwdd##MMÚÚqqllrruu

Iljxud#4=#Doh{dqguh#Rolyd#gxudqwh#sdohvwud

R# IDVRO# 0# IÓuxp# Dpd}Ôqlfr# gh#Vriwzduh# Olyuh# É# xp# hyhqwr# surprylgr#dqxdophqwh/# h# dwÉ# r# dqr# sdvvdgr# vre# d#uhvsrqvdelolgdgh# vrphqwh# grv# dfdgÊplfrv# gr#fxuvr# gh# Vlvwhpdv# gh# LqirupdÇÃr# gd#Xqlyhuvlgdgh# Ihghudo# gr# Rhvwh# gr# SduÁ# 0#XIRSD# mxqwdphqwh# frp# yÁulrv# sdufhlurv/# h#txh# d# sduwlu# ghvwh# dqr# hvwhyh# qd#uhvsrqvdelolgdgh# gd# Frpxqlgdgh# Rshq#WdsdmÓv# Vriwzduh# Olyuh1# Frp# d# fuhglelolgdgh#frqtxlvwdgd# hp# vxd# sulphlud# h# vhjxqgd#hglÇÕhv/#r#IDVRO#wruqrx0vh#r#pdlv#qryr#Ífrqh#uhjlrqdo# qr# dvvxqwr# Vriwzduh# Olyuh1# Uhdol}dgr#hp#VdqwduÉp/# flgdgh# orfdol}dgd# qr# lqwhulru# gr#SduÁ#h#qr#frudÇÃr#gd#Dpd}Ôqld/#r#IDVRO#mÁ#É#r# srqwr# gh# hqfrqwur# gdv# frpxqlgdghv/#plolwdqwhv#h#xvxÁulrv#gh#Vriwzduhv#Olyuhv#ghvwd#uhjlÃr/#doÉp#gh#vhu# irqwh#gh# lqirupdÇÕhv#sdud#dtxhohv# lqwhuhvvdgrv# hp# frqkhfhu# hvwd#ilorvrild1

D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# hvwhyh# suhvhqwh#qd# hglÇÃr# gh# 5343# gr# IDVRO# h# vhp# vrpeud#gh#gÚylgdv/#d#hglÇÃr#gh#5344#vxshurx#wrgdv#dv#h{shfwdwlydv/# txhu# vhmd# gh# sÚeolfr/# txhu# vhmd#gh#hvwuxwxud/#rujdql}dÇÃr#h#sdohvwudv1#

Iljxud##6=#MrÃr#Hulehuwr#idod#vreuh#Lswdeohv#h#KWE

Iljxud#5=#MÚolr#Qhyhv#idod#gdv#ydqwdjhqv#gr#JQX2Olqx{


�43<Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#�#Vhwhpeur#5344#�#kwws=22uhylvwd1hvslulwrolyuh1ruj

R# hyhqwr# frqwrx# frp# lqÚphudv#dwlylgdghv# vlpxowÂqhdv/# dwudyhvvdqgr# yÁulrv#gldv/# frp# sdohvwudv# h# plql0fxuvrv1# Glyhuvdv#frpxqlgdghv# gd# uhjlÃr# hvwlyhudp#suhvhqwhv# h#deulokdqwdudp# dlqgd# pdlv# r# hyhqwr# txh# mÁ# vh#frqvdjurx# frpr# r# pdlru# hyhqwr# gh# Vriwzduh#Olyuh# gd# UhjlÃr#Dpd}Ôqlfd1# Hqwuh# rv# gldv# 63#gh# djrvwr# d# 36# gh# vhwhpeur/# VdqwduÉp#uhfhehx#xpd#vÉulh#gh#sdohvwudqwhv#gh# uhqrph#qdflrqdo/# srvvlelolwdqgr# xpd# jrvwrvd# wurfd# gh#h{shulÊqfldv/#dwudyÉv#gh#plql0fxuvrv/#sdohvwudv#h# wdqwdv# rxwudv# lqwhudÇÕhv# txh# rfruuhudp#gxudqwh#rv#yÁulrv#gldv#gh#hyhqwr1

R# hyhqwr# frqwrx# frp# d# sduwlflsdÇÃr# gh#VÍoylr#Sdoplhul#+Suhihlwxud#Pxqlflsdo#gh#SludÍ#gr#Vxo# 2# RshqVXVH,/# Doh{dqguh# Rolyd# +Iuhh#Vriwzduh# Irxqgdwlrq# Odwlq# Dphulfd,/# MÚolr#Qhyhv# +VHUSUR,/# MrÃr# Ihuqdqgr# Frvwd#MÚqlru# +Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# 2# Frpxqlgdgh#OleuhRiilfh# 2# DOWD,/# Gdqlho# Euxqr# gd# Vloyd#+Surmhwr# Ihgrud,/# Udlpxqgr# [dylhu#+Frpxqlgdgh# OleuhRiilfh,/# Nul{# DsrolqÁulr#+F1H1V1D1U,/# VÉujlr# Dpdghx# +XIDEF,/# MrÃr#

Iljxud#7=#DqwÔqlr#Mu#hp#vxd#sdohvwud#vreuh#vlvwhpdv#hpedufdgrv

Iljxud#9=#Udlpxqgr#[dylhu#h{sÕh#dv#qrylgdghv#gr#OleuhRiilfh

Iljxud#8=#MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru#idod#vreuh#d#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh

Iljxud#:=#DxglwÓulr#fkhlr#gxudqwh#wrgrv#rv#gldv#gh#hyhqwr




Hulehuwr# Prwd# Ilokr# +H{Éuflwr# Eudvlohlur,/#Sdorpd# Frvwd# +DVO,/# DqwÔqlr# MÚqlru#+Frpxqlgdgh#VRO#2#IXFDSL,/#L}deho#Fhutxhlud#Ydoyhugh#+RshqVXVH#2#JQRPH,/#hqwuh#rxwurv1

DoÉp# gh# xpd# sdohvwud# dsuhvhqwdqgr# r#surfhvvr# gh# surgxÇÃr# gd# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr#Olyuh/# krxyh# xp# plql0fxuvr# ghvwlqdgr# d#dtxhohv# txh# ghvhmdvvhp# frorfdu# d# pÃr# qd#pdvvd# h# gldjudpdu# xpd# pdwÉuld# sdud# d#sxeolfdÇÃr1# R# plql0fxuvr# frqwrx# frp# d#sduwlflsdÇÃr#gh#xpd#wxupd#edvwdqwh#dqlpdgd#h#r# wudedokr# gldjudpdgr# srgh# vhu# frqihulgr#qhvwd#hglÇÃr1

Iljxud#<=#Wxupd#gr#plql0fxuvr#gh#SurgxÇÃr#Hglwruldo#frp#VO

Iljxud#;=#VÍoylr#Sdoplhul#txhvwlrqd=#Vriwzduh#olyuh/#uhdolgdgh#rx#sdl{ÃrB

Iljxud#44=#Lvdeho#Ydoyhugh#gxudqwh#phvd#uhgrqgd

Iljxud#43=#VÉujlr#Dpdghx#hp#vxd#sdohvwud




Iljxud#48=#Oxl}#Ylhlud#h#Fdlr#Uhjr#ilqdol}dqgr#r#hyhqwr

Iljxud#46=#Nul{#DsrolqÁulr#gxudqwh#phvd#uhgrqgd

Iljxud#45=#Sdorpd#Frvwd#gxudqwh#phvd#uhgrqgd

MR£R#IHUQDQGR#FRVWD#MºQLRU#É#surihvvru#xqlyhuvlwÁulr/#edfkduho#hp#DgplqlvwudÇÃr/#hvshfldolvwd#hp#LqirupÁwlfd#qd#HgxfdÇÃr#h#phvwudqgr#hp#HgxfdÇÃr1#Hglwru0fkhih#h#uhvsrqvÁyho#shod#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh/#phpeur#gd#Wkh#Grfxphqw#Irxqgdwlrq/#Frpxqlgdgh#OleuhRiilfh#h#DOWD1

D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# djudghfh#qrydphqwh# d# rujdql}dÇÃr# shor# frqylwh# h#hvshud# dqvlrvd# d# hglÇÃr# 5345# ghvvh# hyhqwr#txh# mÁ# hvwÁ# pdufdgr# hp# qrvvr# fdohqgÁulr#rilfldo#gh#hyhqwrv1#Ylgd#orqjd#dr#IDVRO1

Iljxud#47=#Fulvwldqh#Rolyhlud#gxudqwh#phvd#uhgrqgd



�445

UUHHYYLLVVWWDD##HHVVSSUULLWWRR##OOLLYYUUHH##PPDDUUFFDD##SSUUHHVVHHQQ§§DD##QQRR##LLLLLL##HHQQFFRRQQWWUURR##GGHH##VVRRIIWWZZDDUUHH##OOLLYYUUHH##GGHH##LLOOKKDD##VVRROOWWHHLLUUDD22VVSS


SSrruu##MMrrÃÃrr##IIhhuuqqddqqggrr##FFrrvvwwdd##MMÚÚqqllrruu

Iljxud#4=#Rujdql}dgruhv#h#sdohvwudqwhv#gr#hyhqwr

Gh# dfrugr# frp# r# Sodqr# gh#Ghvhqyroylphqwr#Lqvwlwxflrqdo#h#frp##dv#dÇÕhv#gr#IÓuxp#gh#Vriwzduh#Olyuh#gd#Xqhvs#dwudyÉv#gr# surjudpd#gh# whfqrorjld# gd# lqirupdÇÃr# txh#ylvd# sulrul}du# r# xvr# gh# vriwzduh# olyuh# rx# gh#fÓgljr# dehuwr# ghqwur# gd# Xqlyhuvlgdgh/# # d#Xqhvs#gh# Lokd#Vrowhlud# uhdol}durx#qrv#gld#45#h#46# gh# djrvwr# gh# 5344/# r# LLL# Hqfrqwur# gh#Vriwzduh# Olyuh# 0# %SdguÃr# Dehuwr# gh#Grfxphqwrv#h#Vriwzduh#Olyuh%1

R# hyhqwr# dsuhvhqwrx# d# lpsruwÂqfld# gd#xwlol}dÇÃr#gh# irupdwrv#dehuwrv#gh#grfxphqwrv/#r# sdguÃr# gh# lqwhurshudelolgdgh# sursrvwr# shor#jryhuqr# ihghudo# dwudyÉv# gr# Surwrfror# EudvÍold/#rv# fdvrv# gh# vxfhvvr# gh# lpsodqwdÇÃr# gh#vriwzduh# olyuh/# dv# suÁwlfdv# gh# ghvhqyroylphqwr#froderudwlyr# h# gh# jdudqwld# dr# dfhvvr# À#

surgxÇÃr# gr# frqkhflphqwr/# doÉp# gh# whu#frqwulexÍgr# qd# glixvÃr# gd# fxowxud# gr# Vriwzduh#Olyuh# h# d# vxd# lpsruwÂqfld# vrfldo/#lqghshqgÊqfld# whfqroÓjlfd# h# hfrqrplflgdgh/#sdud# rv# ÓujÃr# gd# dgplqlvwudÇÃr# sÚeolfd# hp#jhudo1#

Gxudqwh# rv# grlv# gldv# gh# hyhqwr# r#dxglwÓulr#hvwhyh# orwdgr/#frp#pxlwrv#doxqrv#hp#rxwudv# vdodv# dfrpsdqkdqgr# r# hyhqwr/# txh# irl#wudqvplwlgr# wdpeÉp# shod# Lqwhuqhw/# ylvdqgr#sursruflrqdu# d# h{shulÊqfld# gr# ghedwh/# ehp#frpr#d# sduwlflsdÇÃr#grv#glyhuvrv# sdohvwudqwhv#txh# sru# dol# sdvvdudp/# hp# phlr# d# pxlwd#ghvfrqwudÇÃr# h# dr# phvpr# whpsr#frpsurphwlphqwr/# gh# surihvvruhv/# doxqrv# h#frpxqlgdgh#hp#jhudo1




R#sulphlur#gld#frqwrx#frp#d#sduwlflsdÇÃr#gh# Holdqh# Grplqjrv# wdpeÉp# hvwhyh# suhvhqwh#idodqgr# vreuh# OleuhRiilfh/# r# sdguÃr#RGI/# Wkh#Grfxphqw# Irxqgdwlrq# h# r# Surwrfror# EudvÍold1#Judvlhod# Shfflql# dsuhvhqwrx# r# fdvh# gh#LpsodqwdÇÃr#gr#OleuhRiilfh#qd#Uhfhlwd#Ihghudo#gr# Eudvlo/# hqtxdqwr# MrvÉ# Urehuwr# Frorper#MÚqlru/# doxqr# gd# lqvwlwxlÇÃr# h# xp# h{hpsor# gh#ghglfdÇÃr/# h{sÔv#drv#suhvhqwhv#dv# ydqwdjhqv#hp#vh#xwlol}du#r#Dugxlqr1#MÚolr#F1#Qhyhv#ihfkrx#rv# wudedokrv# gr# sulphlur# gld# frqwdqgr# vxdv#h{shulÊqfldv#vreuh#vriwzduh#olyuh#h#JQX2Olqx{1#

Qr# vÁedgr/# MrÃr# VhedvwlÃr# gh# Rolyhlud#Exhqr#frphÇrx#rv# wudedokrv#dsuhvhqwdqgr#dv#glyhuvdv# srvvlelolgdghv# gr# phokrudphqwr# gh#irwrv# xwlol}dqgr# r# JLPS1# D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr#Olyuh# sduwlflsrx# gr# hyhqwr# dsuhvhqwdqgr# vhx#fdvh# gh# vxfhvvr# txdqwr# d# surgxÇÃr# hglwruldo#xwlol}dqgr# vriwzduh# olyuh# h# irupdwrv# dehuwrv1#Gxudqwh# d# sdohvwud/# MrÃr# Ihuqdqgr# Frvwd#MÚqlru/# uhvsrqvÁyho# shod# sxeolfdÇÃr# prvwurx#drv# suhvhqwhv# dv# ihuudphqwdv# hqyroylgdv# qd#surgxÇÃr# gd# uhylvwd# h# rv# sduwlflsdqwhv#

Iljxud#5=#Holdqh#Grplqjrv#gxudqwh#sdohvwud#vreuh#OleuhRiilfh

Iljxud#7=#MÚolr#F1#Qhyhv#dsrqwd#ydqwdjhqv#gr#vkhoo#gxudqwh#vxd#sdohvwud

Iljxud#6=#Judvlhod#Shfflql#idod#gr#xvr#gr#OleuhRiilfh#shod#Uhfhlwd#Ihghudo

Iljxud#8=#R#fdvh#gd#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#irl#dsuhvhqwdgr#sru#MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru




sxghudp# dfrpsdqkdu# r# surfhvvr# gh#prqwdjhp# gh# xpd# pdwÉuld1# MÚolr# F1# Qhyhv#uhwruqd# sdud# idodu# vreuh# dv# surjudpdÇÃr# hp#Vkhoo# h# MrÃr# VhedvwlÃr# gh# Rolyhlud# Exhqr#hqfhuud#r#hyhqwr#idodqgr#vreuh#d#surjudpdÇÃr#hp#S|wkrq1

D# wudqvplvvÃr# gr# hyhqwr# yld# Lqwhuqhw#srvvlelolwrx# txh# rv# lqwhuqdxwdv# txh#dfrpsdqkdp# dv# sdohvwudv# wdpeÉp# sxghvvhp#lqwhudjlu/# hqyldqgr# shujxqwdv# h# frphqwÁulrv#dfhufd# grv# dvvxqwrv# txh# hvwdydp# vhqgr#ghedwlgrv# qr# dxglwÓulr1# D# htxlsh# gd# WY#XQHVS/#qhvwh#vhqwlgr/#hvwhyh#gh#sdudeÉqv1

Iljxud#:=#MrvÉ#Urehuwr#idod#vreuh#r#Dugxlqr

Iljxud#9=#Sdohvwudqwhv#MrÃr#Exhqr/#Holdqh#Grplqjrv/#MÚolr#F1#Qhyhv/#Judvlhod#Shfflql#h#MrÃr#Ihuqdqgr#Frvwd#MÚqlru

Iljxud#<=#MÚolr#F1#Qhyhv#h#Holdqh#Grplqjrv#uhvsrqghqgr#d#gÚylgdv#grv#sduwlflsdqwhv

Iljxud#;=#DxglwÓulr#orwdgr#dwhqwr#gxudqwh#dv#sdohvwudv




D# htxlsh# txh# hvwhyh# rujdql}dqgr# r#hyhqwr/#h#hp#hvshfldo#dr#Suri1#Ydoglu#Eduervd/#prvwurx# pxlwd# dwhqÇÃr# frp# wrgrv# rv#suhvhqwhv# h# hqyroylgrv/# sduwlflsdqwhv# h#sdohvwudqwhv/# ghprqvwudqgr# vdehgruld# qd#hvfrokd# grv# whpdv# gr# hyhqwr/# ehp# frpr# qd#frqgxÇÃr#grv#wudedokrv1

D# Uhylvwd# HvsÍulwr# Olyuh# djudghfh# d#srvvlelolgdgh# gd# sduwlflsdÇÃr# qr# LLL# Hqfrqwur#gh# Vriwzduh# Olyuh# gh# Lokd# Vrowhlud# h# mÁ# hvshud#hvwdu# suhvhqwh# qrydphqwh# qd# LY# hglÇÃr# gr#hyhqwr#hp#53451

Iljxud#45=#Suri1#Ydoglu#Eduervd/#xp#grv#rujdql}dgruhv#gr#hyhqwr

Iljxud#44=#SÚeolfr#dfrpsdqkdqgr#dwhqwr#dv#sdohvwudv

Iljxud#43=#MrÃr#Exhqr#dsuhvhqwdqgr#dv#ydqwdjhqv#qr#xvr#gr#JLPS

MR£R#IHUQDQGR#FRVWD#MºQLRU#É#surihvvru#xqlyhuvlwÁulr/#edfkduho#hp#DgplqlvwudÇÃr/#hvshfldolvwd#hp#LqirupÁwlfd#qd#HgxfdÇÃr#h#phvwudqgr#hp#HgxfdÇÃr1#Hglwru0fkhih#h#uhvsrqvÁyho#shod#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#h#phpeur#gd#Wkh#Grfxphqw#Irxqgdwlrq/#Frpxqlgdgh#OleuhRiilfh#h#DOWD1


TXDGULQKRV

�449

TXDGULQKRV


Sru#MrvÉ#Mdphv#Whl{hlud/#MrÃr#Iholsh#Vrduhv#Vloyd#Qhwr/#U|dq#Fduwzuljkw#h#DqguÉ#Iduldv


http://nuux.org

www.tirinhasdoze.com

�44:

TXDGULQKRV


www.freesoftwaremagazine.com


�44;

TXDGULQKRV




�44<

TXDGULQKRV




�453

TXDGULQKRV



www.vidadesuporte.com.br


RXWXEURHyhqwr=# L# IÓuxp# gd# Lqwhuqhw# gr#EudvloGdwd=#46#h#4724325344Orfdo=#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

Hyhqwr=# Flfor# gh# Sdohvwudv#Vlqgsg0UM#0#Frqvwuxlqgr#xpd#sx0eolfdÇÃr# frp#Vriwzduh# Olyuh# 0#R#fdvh#gd#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#OlyuhGdwd=#4:24325344Orfdo=#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

Hyhqwr=#Odwlqrzduh#5344Gdwd=#4<#d#5424325344Orfdo=#Ir}#gr#LjxdÇx2SU

Hyhqwr=#9�#VrOlvVFGdwd=#54#h#5524325344Orfdo=#VÂr#MrvÉ2VF

Hyhqwr=# Hqfrqwur# Qdflrqdo# gh#Whfqrorjld#gd#LqirupdÇÃr#Gdwd=#58#d#5:24325344Orfdo=#EudvÍold2GI

Hyhqwr=#LLL#FRDOWLGdwd=#5;#d#6324325344Orfdo=#PdfhlÓ2DO

Hyhqwr=#Y#HQVOGdwd=#5;#d#6324325344Orfdo=#PdfhlÓ2DO

Hyhqwr=# Flfor# gh# Sdohvwudv#Vlqgsg0UM# 0# FhuwlilfdÇÃr# hp# Ol0qx{=#R#txh#É#h#frpr#vh#fhuwlilfduGdwd=#6424325344Orfdo=#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

QRYHPEURHyhqwr=#SJEU#5344Gdwd=#36#h#3724425344Orfdo=#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

Hyhqwr=#FRQLVOL#5344Gdwd=#37#h#3824425344Orfdo=#Rvdvfr2VS

Hyhqwr=#SKS*q#Ulr#5344Gdwd=#3824425344Orfdo=#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

Hyhqwr=#VrOlyuh[#5344Gdwd=#44#h#4524425344Orfdo=#PdulqjÁ2SU

Hyhqwr=#Olqx{Frq#Eud}lo#5344Gdwd=#4:#h#4;24425344Orfdo=#VÃr#Sdxor2VS

GH]HPEURHyhqwr=#Kdfn*q#UlrGdwd=#35#h#3624525344Orfdo=#Ulr#gh#Mdqhlur2UM

DJHQGD#�#R#TXH#W¡#URODQGR#QR#PXQGR#GH#WL

DJHQGD


##############Wxgr#dfrqwhfh#wÃr#uÁslgr#qd#hvihud#gd#Lqwhuqhw#0#h#rv#qrvvrv#gluhlwrv#hvwÃr#vh#ghwhulrudqgr#d#fdgd#gld/#d#xpd#yhorflgdgh#dodupdqwh1

Elujlwwd#MÓqvgÓwwlu#É#srhwd/#hvfulwrud/#duwlvwd/#hglwrud/#dwlylvwd#h#phpeur#gr#

sduodphqwr#lvodqgÊv1#

Irqwh=#Uhylvwd#HvsÍulwr#Olyuh#0#Hg1#5:

HQWUH#DVSDV#�#FLWD§µHV#H#RXWUDV#IUDVHV#F©OHEUHV



www.latinoware.org

Revista_EspiritoLivre_030_Setembro2011

Documents

Transcript of Revista_EspiritoLivre_030_Setembro2011