REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions:...

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REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT

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Page 1: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT

http://www.castleortho.com/group/foot/anatomy/default.htm
Page 2: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor digitorum longus• Actions:

– toe flexion– plantar flexion,– inversion of the foot

Page 3: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the three part of the stance phase

• Heel-strike• Mid-stance• Toe-off

Page 4: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Cuboid

Metatarsals

Calcaneus

Talus

Navicular

1st Cuneiform

2nd Prox. Phalange

Distal Phalanges

Page 5: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• What muscle is most closely associated with Anterior Compartment Syndrome?

• Tibialis Anterior

Page 6: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscles and their actions

• Peroneous tertius• Action:

– Dorsiflexion– Eversion

• Extensor hallicus longus

• Actions:

– Extension of big toe

– Dorsiflexion

– Inversion of the foot

Page 7: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Tibialis anterior• Actions:

– Dorsiflexion– Inversion.

Page 8: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus longus muscle• Actions:

– Eversion– Plantar flexion

Page 9: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the arch in the top picture and in the bottom picture.

Lateral longitudinal arch

Medial longitudinal arch

Page 10: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor hallicus longus• Actions:

– Flexion of the big toe– Plantar flexion– Inversion

Page 11: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus longus muscle• Actions:

– Eversion– Plantar flexion

Page 12: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• Name the landmark

Lateral Malleolus

Page 13: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the ligament.

Deltoid Ligament

Page 14: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor digitorum longus

• Actions: – Toe extension– Dorsiflexion– Eversion

Page 15: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

1. Calcaneus

2. Cuboid

3. 5th metatarsal

4. Phalange

5. Lateral malleolus

6. Tiba

Page 16: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle its two actions

• Gastrocnemius• Actions:

– plantar flexion – flexion of the knee

Page 17: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the archTransverse arch - anterior tarsal bones and the metatarsals.

5th metatarsal – 1st metatarsal

Page 18: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis posterior• Actions:

– plantar flexion – inversion of the foot

Page 19: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the actions

InversionEversion

? ?

Page 20: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor digitorum longus• Actions:

– toe flexion– plantar flexion,– inversion of the foot

Page 21: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the action• Plantar flexion

Page 22: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus brevis • Actions:

– Plantar flexion– Eversion

Page 23: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

1. Name the action

2. Name the action

Dorsi Flexion

Plantar Flexion

Page 24: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• Plantaris• Action:

– plantar flexion 2

1. Name the muscle and its actions

2. Name the muscle and its actions

1

• Soleus• Action:

– plantar flexion

Page 25: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Soleus• Action:

– plantar flexion

Page 26: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• 1 is the…?• Calcaneous• 2 is the…?• Talus• 3 is the…?• Navicular• 4 is the…? • Cuboid• 5 is the…? • First Cuneiform

• 6 is the…? • Second Cuneiform• 7 is the…? • Third Cuneiform• 8 is the…? • First metatarsal• 9 is the…?• Proximal phalange• 10 is the…?• Middle phalange• 11 is the…?• Distal phalange

Page 27: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor hallicus longus • Actions:

– Extension of big toe– Dorsiflexion– Inversion of the foot

Page 28: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• What muscle is most closely associated with Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome?

• Tibalis Posterior.

Page 29: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• Name the arch colored in red.• Lateral Longitudinal - calcaneous, cuboid,

and 4th and 5th metatarsals.• Name the arch colored in green• Medial Longitudinal - calcaneous, talus,

navicular, 3 cuneifroms, 3 medial metatarsals

Page 30: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus brevis • Actions:

– Plantar flexion– Eversion

Page 31: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Tibialis anterior• Actions:

– Dorsiflexion– Inversion.

Page 32: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Tibialis posterior• Actions:

– plantar flexion – inversion of the foot

Page 33: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

1. What is Exertional Compartment Syndrome?• Excessive pressure inside one of the lower leg

compartment.

2. Why is it a serious injury?• The blood supply can be compromised.

Page 34: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor hallicus longus• Actions:

– Flexion of the big toe– Plantar flexion– Inversion

Page 35: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor digitorum longus

• Actions: – Toe extension– Dorsiflexion– Eversion

Page 36: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the three arches of the foot.• Medial longitudinal arch• Lateral longitudinal arch• Transverse arch

Page 37: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle its two actions

• Gastrocnemius• Actions:

– plantar flexion of the foot– flexion of the knee

Page 38: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• Where is the plantar fascia found?• On the plantar surface of the foot running from

the calcaneus to the metatarsals.• What is plantar fasciitis?• Plantar fasciitis is inflammation of the plantar

fascia.

Page 39: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Tibialis posterior• Actions:

– plantar flexion – inversion of the foot

Page 40: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the landmark

Medial Malleolus

Page 41: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Peroneous tertius

• Action:

– Dorsiflexion

– Eversion

Page 42: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the landmark

Medial Malleolus

http://www.bartleby.com/107/illus260.html
Page 43: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Lateral Collateral Ligament

1. Anterior Talofibular

2. Posterior Talofibular

3. Calcanofibular

2

3

1

Page 44: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• Name the landmark

Lateral Malleolus

Page 45: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• What is turf toe • A sprain that occurs at the metatarsal

phalangeal joint of the great toe.• What action is associated with truf toe?• Extension or hyperextion of the great toe.

Page 46: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Peroneus longus muscle• Actions:

– Eversion– Plantar flexion

Page 47: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Peroneous tertius

• Action:

– Dorsiflexion

– Eversion

Page 48: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Flexor hallicus longus• Actions:

– Flexion of the big toe– Plantar flexion– Inversion

Page 49: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the action• Inversion

Page 50: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• Name them all1. Calcaneous

2. Talus3. Navicular4. Cuboid

5. First Cuneiform6.Second Cuneiform7.Third Cuneiform

8. Third Metatarsal (and Fifth Metatarsal)

Page 51: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the landmark

Medial malleolus

Page 52: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Plantaris• Action: plantar flexion

Page 53: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

1. Talus

2. Navicular3. Cuboid4. Intermediate (2nd)

cuneiform

5. 3rd metatarsal

6. 4th proximal phalange

7. 2nd middle phalange8. 1st distal phalange

Page 54: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor digitorum longus

• Actions: – Toe extension– Dorsiflexion– Eversion

Page 55: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Lateral Collateral Ligament

1

2

3

Posterior Talofibular Anterior

Talofibular

Calcanofibular

Page 56: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• What do ankle sprains occur more to the lateral ligaments?

• The medial malleolus is shorter than the lateral mallelous so greater inversion than eversion can occur

• Of the lateral ligments, which ligament is sprained the most often?

• The anterior talofibular• How are 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree different

from each other?• 1st – stretched, 2nd – partial tear, and 3rd –

complete tear

Page 57: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Flexor digitorum longus• Actions:

– toe flexion– plantar flexion,– inversion of the foot

Page 58: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle its two actions

• Gastrocnemius• Actions:

– plantar flexion– flexion of the knee

Page 59: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the ligament.

Deltoid Ligament

Page 60: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

• Middle phalange of the 3rd toe• Proximal phalange of the 1st toe• Distal phalange of the 5th toe

• 2nd Metatarsal

• 1st Cuniform• 2nd Cuniform• 3rd Cuniform• Navicular• Cubiod

• Talus

• Calcanious

Page 61: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions

• Extensor hallicus longus • Actions:

– Extension of big toe– Dorsiflexion– Inversion of the foot

Page 62: REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT. Name the muscle and its actions Flexor digitorum longus Actions: –toe flexion –plantar flexion, –inversion of the foot.

Name the muscle and its actions• Tibialis anterior• Actions:

– Dorsiflexion– Inversion.


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