Review of Development of Transport and Logistics Network ... · Development of an international...
Transcript of Review of Development of Transport and Logistics Network ... · Development of an international...
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Review of Development of Transport and Logistics Network in North-East Asia
Madan B. Regmi, DEng.Transport DivisionUNESCAP, Bangkok
Seminar on Development of a Comprehensive Transportand Logistics Network in North-East Asia Subregion
21-22 March 2013, Seoul
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Outline:Rio+20 Outcome (Transport and Logistics)Integrated International Intermodal Transport
Asian HighwayTrans-Asian RailwayDry Ports of International Importance
Logistics PerformanceIntermodal Transport CorridorsThe Way Forward
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Rio+20 Outcome (Transport-Logistics)
Three pillars of sustainabilityEconomicSocialEnvironmental
Transport and mobility are key to Sustainable DevelopmentEfficient movement of goods and peopleEnergy efficient multimodal transport systemClean fuels and vehiclesIntegrated approach to planningAffordable and sustainable transportSustainable transit transport- need of landlocked and transit countriesCapacity development
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The Vision for Asia and the Pacific
Development of an international integrated intermodal transport and logistics system
Busan Declaration, 2006Ministerial Conference on Transport, 201210 Thematic Areas including:
Transport infrastructure developmentTransport logisticsSustainable transport developmentInter-island shipping
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Status of Transport Development in NEA
2576.3%3.1%105,565 ROK
31,200 DPRK
2066.20%1.20%1.14 mRus. Fed.
3191.80%0.50%1.2 mJapan
2712.5%6.2%4 mChina
480.8%49,250Mongolia
car/1000 pop.
Veh. growth
Rd Growth
Length, Km
Country
Road Railway
1,43560.4%3,575ROK
1,43581%5,235DPRK
1,520 51%85,200 RF
1,067, 1,435 61%20,000 Japan
1,435 46%91,000 China
1,5201,810Mongolia
Gauge, mmElectrified
Length, KmCountry
Railway considered more environmental friendlyStill majority of investment is in Highways (75% road, 7-15% railway, 3-7% IWTHigh speed railway developmentsLimited use of inland water transport and coastal shipping in Asia
(ESCAP, 2011)
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143,000 km, 32 countries
•Intergovernmental Agreement on AH•29 Parties•Obligations of the Parties•Negotiating mechanism•Working Group on the AH
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AH Conformity to Design Standards (2010)
Primary 20,915 km
15%
Class I24,044 km
17%
Class II55,809 km
38%
Class III31,300 km
22%
Below III10,003 km
7%
Other1,038 km
1%
Need investment to upgrade 10,000 km of AH routes
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Upgrading the Asian Highway networkProgress of network development
14%
9%
15%
26%
37%
13%7%
22%
39%
17%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%Primary Class I Class II Class III Below III
20062010
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Trans-Asian Railway
•22 signatories•18 Parties•Entered into force on 11 June 2009•Working Group on TAR
117,000 km, 28 countries10,500 Km Missing Links
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Myanmar - ThailandMyanmar - India
China - Kyrgyzstan
ASEAN - China
Islamic Republic of Iran – Azerbaijan
(ongoing)
Thailand - Cambodia
Cambodia - Viet Nam
Thailand - Lao PDR(inaugurated March 2009)
Turkey - Georgia
(ongoing)
Islamic Republic of Iran – Armenia
Islamic Republic of Iran – Pakistan
(completed end 2008)
Building the missing linksCompleting the Trans-Asian Railway Network
Islamic Republic of Iran – Afghanistan(ongoing)
US$ >25 billion
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Intermodal Transport and Integration
Transport LinksIntegration of road (AH), rail (TAR), inland waterways, shipping and port networks
Transport NodesIntermodal nodes/interfaces (ICDs, Dry ports, Airports, Ports, River Ports)
Transport ServicesPrivate/public sector
Integration of transport modesDevelopment of logistics centres and dry portsFacilitate and promote modal shift
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Dry Ports: Concept
Concept is to develop facility similar to ports away from ports in inland areasAsia- early stage of development -12 landlocked countriesIdeally connected by railways Climate change and environmental aspects
Relieve congestion and ports and roadsPotential of mode shift (Road to rail) and emissions reduction
Consolidation – reduce less than truck loads runs and reduce number of trucksImproved logistics can reduce 10-20% emissions (OECD, 2010)Consolidation and distribution centres in UK have combined 25.7% emissions reduction (Zanniand Bristow, 2009).Replacement of trucks by freight train from port to dry port in Sweden led to 25% CO2 emission reduction (Roso, 2007).
Regional economic development: industrial centres, free trade areas43% of freight modal shift to railways, 30% less CO2 emission (Laos-Thailand corridor)
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Development of Logistics Centres and Dry Ports
Intergovernmental Cooperation- AgreementPromote development of dry ports of international importanceFacilitate recognition of dry ports and investmentImprove operational efficiency of intermodal freightEnhance environmental sustainability of freight transport- mode shift
Structure of the AgreementMain textAnnex I: List of dry ports of international importance in countries Annex II: Guiding principles for development and operation
ProgressThe Committee on Transport, 10-12 October 2012, Bangkok, approved the finalized text of the AgreementAdoption at the 69th session of Commission in April 2013Opening for signature- 4-8 November 2013, Bangkok, Forum of Asian Minister of Transport
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Dry Ports of International Importance (NEA)
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Logistics Performance Index, 20121. Customs, 2. Infrastructure, 3. International shipments, 4. Logistics competence, 5. Tracking and tracing, 6. Timeliness
(World Bank, 2012)
LPI, 2012
4.13
3.93
3.52 3.7
2.25 2.
58
1.61
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
44.5
Singapor
e
Japa
n
China ROK
Mongo
lia
Russian
F.
Burund
i
LPI I
ndex
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What are possible solutions to improve logistics performance?
Integrated transport planningImprovement of infrastructure and servicesHarmonization of rules and processTransport and trade facilitation measuresApplication of ICT
container tracking-RFID, GPS border crossing and securitycustoms clearance technology-EDI
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Intermodal transport corridorsCorridor based approach
InfrastructureFacilitationOperation
Review of condition of infrastructure, process and procedures and analysis of operation time, costsNeed to measure and continuously work to improve efficiencyImprovement and upgrading of infrastructure is an ongoing process- need resources and timeImproving operations and facilitation measures needs COMMITMENTS
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International Transport Corridor Study in NE & CE Asia(2010)International Transport Corridor Study in NE & CE Asia(2010)
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Corridor 1: Incheon-Ulaanbaatar
(Data from private sector and Govt. Dec 2010)
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Corridor 1 & 3: Zamin Uud-Yekaterinburg
(Data from private sector and Govt. Dec 2010)
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The Way Forward to Improve Transport and Logistics
Integrated transport planningEnsuring economical, environmental, and social sustainability of transport system and servicesInnovating financing of transport and logistics system-engaging private sectorPromoting development of intermodal transport corridorsTransport facilitation and logisticsUtilize transport infrastructure for cross-border tradeCapacity developmentSharing and exchange of good practices
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