Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

Nasal Passage

Bronchiole

Alveoli

Pharynx

Trachea

Bronchi

Human Respiratory System Diagram Best viewed at full screen

Respiratory System created

Muhammad Asif Pak

Hi I am O2 ,you can call me oxygen, and I will be your guide today.

I advise you keep all feet and hands inside the ride at all times.

Muhammad Asif Pak

You may be asking, what is the Respiratory system? Well, the Respiratory system is the system that helps you breath in and out, so oxygen (02) can be pumped through your body and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be removed from the blood stream. You must remember that the Respiratory system is made up of many different organs.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Nasal Passage

Bronchi Tubes

Alveoli (air-sacs)

Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries

Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.

Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.

The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.

Tongue

PharynxHere We Go!!!

Here is a overview picture of the Respiratory System.

Just go to the next slide to seeit.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

Nasal Cavity

Nose

Mouth

Bronchus

Bronchiole

Alveolus

Diaphragm

Throat

(pharynx)

Windpipe (Trachea)

Left lungs

Ribs

Muhammad Asif Pak

Now we will begin our tour.

Welcome to…

This is where it all begins. This is where the oxygen first

enters your body and also where Carbon Dioxide leaves.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

When the air comes into your nose it getsfiltered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the

mucus that is in your nose.

Your sinuses also help out with your Respiratory System. They help to moisten

and heat the air that you breath.

Air can also get into your body through yourmouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered as

much when it enters in through your mouth.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Nasal Cavity

Nostril

Oral CavityPharynx

Here is a picture of your nasal and oral cavity.

Nasal Passage

Bronchi Tubes

Alveoli (air-sacs)

Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries

Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.

Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.

The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.

Tongue

Pharynx

Muhammad Asif Pak

We are here.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Next we will head down to your pharynx(throat) and your trachea (windpipe).This is where the air passes from your nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes through your nose and then the air is passed down to

your trachea (windpipe).

Your trachea is held open by “incomplete ringsof cartilage.” Without these rings your trachea might close off and air would not be able to get

to and from your lungs.

Pharynx

(Throat)

Mouth

Trachea

Nasal Passage

Bronchi Tubes

Alveoli (air-sacs)

Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries

Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.

Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.

The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.

Tongue

Pharynx

Muhammad Asif Pak

We are here.

Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into two bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep splitting up and form your bronchiole.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

These bronchi tubes split up, like tree branches, and get smaller and smaller

inside your lungs.

The air flows past your bronchi tubesand into your bronchiole. These tubes

keep getting smaller and smaller until theyfinally end with small air sacs (called alveoli).

But we will go there later…

Muhammad Asif Pak

Trachea

Bronchi Tubes

Bronchiole

Alveoli

Nasal Passage

Bronchi Tubes

Alveoli (air-sacs)

Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries

Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.

Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.

The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.

Tongue

Pharynx

Muhammad Asif Pak

We are here.

Now we will head over to the alveoli and what happens when the

air finally makes it down there.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

Your alveoli are tiny air sacsthat fill up with air/oxygen when you

breath in.

Your alveoli are surrounded bymany tiny blood vessels called

capillaries.

The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can

pass through them, traveling right into, orout of your blood stream.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Here is a closeup picture ofyour Alveoli

and a Capillarysurrounding it.

Capillary

Red Blood Cell

Oxygen is picked up

Carbon Dioxide is dropped off

Wall of the air sac

Nasal Passage

Bronchi Tubes

Alveoli (air-sacs)

Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries

Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.

Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.

The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.

Tongue

Pharynx

Muh

amm

ad A

sif

Pak

We are here.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Bronchiole

Respiratory Bronchiole

Alveolar Duct

Alveolar Sac

Capillaries

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Lets take a closer look shall we.

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Red blood cell carrying Carbon dioxide

Chemical change is taking place in cell

Red blood cell carrying oxygen

Alveolus

Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane)

Capillary

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Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide

Alveolus

Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane*)

Capillary

* A specialized thin layer of skin that oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through.

Oxygen diffuses through the membrane into the blood stream. Carbon Dioxide diffuses through the membrane and enters the alveolus.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

Now we will look at the Diaphragm. You might be wondering, what does the Diaphragm do? The Diaphragm is an important factor in breathing.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Here is an experiment that you can try.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

1st you need a bottle that you can sacrifice to cut up.

2nd you cut the bottom of the bottle and put a big balloon on the bottom.

3rd get a rubber cork ( make sure it blocks the hole)and put a hole through it ( top to bottom).

Insert a thin tube into the cork and place a balloon on the bottom of the tube.

4th make sure the thing is airtight.

Muh

amm

ad A

sif

Pak

CO2

The Pharynx, or throat, is located where passages from the nose and mouth came together.

Air Passing over the mucus membrane of the nasal cavity is moistened,

warmed, and filtered

Inside the lungs the Bronchi branch into small tubes called bronchioles

At the end of the bronchioles are bunches of alveoli, air sacs, arranged like grapes on a stem

Air enters the trachea, or wind pipe which leads to and from the lungs

The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi

If one lobe is injured or diseased, the other lobes may be able to function normally

* At rest, the body takes in and breathes out about 10 liters of air each minute.

* The right lung is slightly larger than the left. * The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km per hour. * The surface area of the lungs is roughly the same size as a

tennis court. * The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 kilometers

if placed end to end.* We lose half a liter of water a day through breathing. This is

the water vapor we see when we breathe onto glass. * A person at rest usually breathes between 12 and 15 times

a minute. * The breathing rate is faster in children and women than in

men.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Respiratory System- The group of organs in your body that are responsible for taking in Oxygen and breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the waste product of cellular respiration.

Oxygen-The gas that your body needs to work and function. Carbon Dioxide- The waste product (gas) that is produced

through respiration of people and animals. Nose/Nasal Cavity- Where Oxygen first enters your body. Tiny

hairs help filter the air and air is moistened and heated by your nose. Your Nose leads into your Nasal Cavity.

Mouth/Oral Cavity- Oxygen/air can also enter through your Mouth but it is not filtered. Your Mouth opens up into your Oral Cavity.

Sinus- A cavity in the bones of your skull that helps moisten and heat the air that you breath.

Pharynx/Throat- Gathers air from your Nasal and Oral Cavities and passes it to your Trachea.

Trachea/Windpipe- A tube like pathway that connects your throat to your Bronchi Tubes and lungs. Air passes through it when it travels from the Pharynx to the Bronchi Tubes.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Bronchi Tubes- Each tube (one per lung) splits up into many smaller tubes called Bronchiole, like branches on a tree.

Bronchiole- Keep splitting up until they reach your Alveoli. Respiratory Bronchiole- The air-tubes that are actually

connected to the Alveoli. Alveolar Duct- The final tube, which is part of the Alveoli, that

leads to the air-sacs. Alveolar Sac- Where the chemical change takes place and where

blood cells pick up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide. Alveoli- Tiny air-sacs at the end of your Alveolar Duct. They fill up

with Oxygen and are surrounded by Capillaries. Capillaries- Tiny blood streams (around one cell wide) that

surround your Alveoli. They take Oxygen out of our Lungs and replace it with Carbon Dioxide, which you later breath out.

Diaphragm- The muscle membrane that helps you breath in and out by changing the pressure in your chest cavity.

Muhammad Asif Pak

For more information please visit: http://yucky.kids.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000138.html

-Why do you need to breathe? And basic info on parts of the Respiratory system

http://www.lung.ca/children/grades7_12/respiratory/index.html-An overview of the parts of Respiratory System

http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html-A basic look at the Respiratory System

http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory_facts.html-Fun Facts

http://users.pandora.be/educypedia/education/respiratory.htm-Very detailed info and some animation-Has many other body systems too

http://www.bioedonline.org/slides/slide01.cfm?tk=5&pg=2S-Web slides with a little info and good pictures

www.geocities.com/medinotes/nasal_cavity.htm-The Nose and Nasal Cavity

Human anatomy coloring book

Muhammad Asif Pak

Where we got some of our pictures:http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/img/pe01021.gifhttp://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/respiratorylungs.gif

http://academic.pg.cc.md.us/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Resp/Images/respstructures.jpg

http://www.cancersa.org.au/files/1/2/17/226/airwaysfullylabelled.jpg

http://www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/photos/645.jpg http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/

respiratory.html http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/humanrespiratory8.jpg

Muhammad Asif Pak

Prepare Your Cranium For The Further Insertion of

KnowledgeMuhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

Circulatory System Created by

The Circulatory System is the main cooling and transportation system for the human body

The body has about 5 liters of blood continuously traveling through it by way of the Circulatory System

In the Circulatory System, the heart, lungs, and blood vessels have to work together

The Circulatory System has three different parts: pulmonary circulation (lungs), coronary circulation (heart), and systemic circulation, (the rest of the system’s processes).

Muhammad Asif Pak

Muhammad Asif Pak

This organ is what pumps oxygen rich blood, nutrients, hormones, and the other things your body needs to maintain your health, to your organs and tissues.

The pulmonary veins you see on the right side of the diagram come from your lungs, where the blood cells collect oxygen. It’s then pumped out to the rest of the body through the Aorta (Top).

All of the blue sections show blood cells carrying waste, (C02) moving back to the lungs (where the C02 will be replaced by oxygen) through the Pulmonary Artery (Top, blue)

Pulmonary Veins

Pulmonary Artery

(Inferior Vena Cava) From the Body

(Aortic Artery) To the body

Whenever the blood is pumped from one section of the heart another a valve closes behind it preventing the blood from moving backwards.

By The Way…

Valves: (tricuspid valve semilunar (pulmonary) valve, bicuspid (mitral) valve, and the semilunar (aortic) valve

(Superior Vena Cava) From the Body

Blood from the body travels into the right atrium, moves into the right ventricle, and is finally pushed into lungs in the pulmonary arteries

The blood then picks up oxygen and travels back to the heart into the left atrium through the pulmonary veins

The blood then travels through the to the Left Ventricle and exits to the body through the Aorta…

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Right AtriumLeft Atrium

Oxygen rich blood leaves the heart and travels through arteries

In the capillaries the oxygen and food is given to the body’s cells

The blood finally travels back through veins to the heart to pick up oxygen

Muhammad Asif Pak

ARTERIES- FROM HEART

CAPILLARIES

VEINS- TO HEART

A red blood cell then travels

from the heart through arteries

that eventually branch into the

body’s vast system of capillaries

(microscopic blood vessels

which connect arteries and veins), they

eventually lead to…

Pulmonary Vein

Aorta

Brachial Artery

Renal Artery

Redial Artery

Ulnar Artery

Iliac Artery

Muhammad Asif Pak

When the itty bitty teeny tiny red blood cells pass the desired tissue they……………………………….TRANSACT

The oxygen the blood cells are carrying is given to the body’s tissue.

And the CO2 (waste) from the tissue is given to the same blood cell to be exhaled.

Tissue

Tissue

Technically the Hemoglobin in the blood (a substance full of iron) attracts oxygen from the lungs. The red blood cell then carries it to the desired tissue. Because this tissue has a high CO2 count the hemoglobin lets go of its oxygen and collects the carbon dioxide. You see the hemoglobin has an affinity for whichever gas has a greater count. Because the tissue has a large amount of built up waste (CO2) the hemoglobin attracts it and then replaces it with oxygen, and vise versa in the lungs.

How It Works…

Oxy-Rich Blood Cell

Oxy-Poor Blood Cell

Now lets travel to the legs!!!Muhammad Asif Pak

Approximately 500 ml of blood moves from the heart and lungs down to the legs when a person stands up after lying down

The oxygen rich blood cells then travel through the capillaries where yet another…

Muhammad Asif Pak

!FUN FACT!

The oxygen and CO2 are exchanged…in the cells

Oxygen Rich

Oxygen Rich

Oxygen Poor

Oxygen Poor

TissueDon’t forget that the Hemoglobin in the blood cells let go of the cell’s oxygen because of the large CO2 (waste) count in the tissue.

Muhammad Asif Pak

Now lets go back to the heart!!!

Capillaries carry the blood to…

Venules that connect to veins and the…

Veins (wide blood vessels) carries the oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

Muhammad Asif Pak

To upper body

From upper

body

To lungTo lung

From lung

Left Atrium

Left Ventricle

To lower bodyFrom lower

body

Right Ventricle

Right Atrium

From lung

Muhammad Asif Pak

As you have learned (Hopefully) the Circulatory System is one of the most important

systems in the human body…

It is the

only reason you’re

still alive

today…

and you can attribute the

cooling down, feeding of and

protection of your body to it. So the next time you bust open

your leg skateboarding you can thank your Circulatory

System for patching you up.

For further information please visit: http://www.carolguze.com/images/organsystems/circulatory2.jpg -circulation picture http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Circulation2.html -how

circulatory system works http://www.medical-art-service.de/assets/images/3_KA_704.jpg -Heart and Leg Pictures http://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/images/446/circulationgeneral.gif -

circulation picture http://eduserv.hscer.washington.edu/hubio553/atlas/232.html -arm picture http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/19387.html -heart picture http://www.tmc.edu/thi/anatomy1.html -detailed views of the Cardiovascular System http://www.tmc.edu/thi/leg.jpg -complex leg picture http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/wha/circ.gif- diagram of the circulatory system http://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/

amcgann/body/circulatory/body_circulation.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/circulatory.html&h=369&w=300&sz=23&tbnid=rSdZ_CMJpBYJ:&tbnh=117&tbnw=95&start=123&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcirculatory%2Bsystem%26start%3D120%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3D -picture of heart valves

http://eduserv.hscer.washington.edu/hubio553/atlas/232.html -basic picture of arteries

Muhammad Asif Pak

So Take a Deep Breath and

Go Home Muhammad Asif Pak