Renewable Sources of Energy Water Energy-2007

8/14/2019 Renewable Sources of Energy Water Energy-2007

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enewable energy Water Energy


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Water falling from the falls and stored in the damsfacilitate electrical power generations by turning theturbines connected to the generator. This is known ashydroelectric power.

ydroelectric power generation


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Working of a hydroelectric dam


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ATER AS AN ENERGY SOURCE INEOTHERMAL POWER SYSTEMS ry Steam Power PlantsSteam plants use hydrothermal fluids that are primarily steam. Thesteam goes directly to a turbine, which drives a generator thatproduces electricity. These plants emit only excess steam and veryminor amounts of gases.


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lash Steam Power PlantsFluid is sprayed into a tank held at a much lower pressurethan the fluid, causing some of the fluid to rapidly vaporize,or "flash." The vapor then drives a turbine, which drives agenerator. If any liquid remains in the tank, it can be flashedagain in a second tank to extract even more energy.


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-inary Cycle Power Plantsinary Cycle Power PlantsEnergy is extracted from these fluids in binary-cycle powerplants. Hot geothermal fluid and a secondary (hence,"binary") fluid with a much lower boiling point than water passthrough a heat exchanger. Heat from the geothermal fluidcauses the secondary fluid to flash to vapor, which then

drives the turbines.


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Steam turbine


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VIVACE (Vortex induced Vibrations for Aquatic Clean

Energy)is the first known device that could draw energy frommost water currents around the world .But if we could harness0.1 percent of the energy in the ocean, we could support theenergy needs of 15 billion people.

enewable energy from slow watercurrents


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The [electric double layer] capacitor is made of two porous carbon electrodes

immersed in salt water. The electrodes are then connected to a power supply sothat one becomes negatively charged and the other positively charged. Since saltwater consists of positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chlorideions, the positive electrode attracts the chloride ions and the negative electrodeattracts the sodium ions. With the help of the electrostatic force keeping theoppositely charged ions near their respective electrodes, the EDL capacitor can

store a charge.

To extract the charge, fresh water is pumped into the device, causing the sodiumand chloride ions to diffuse away from the electrodes against the electrostaticforce. In other words, the work done by the fresh water to extract the salt water isconverted into electrostatic energy, appearing as an increase in voltage between

the electrodes.

Overall, the system transforms mechanical work (the mixing of the salt and freshwater) into electrostatic energy that can be extracted as usable power.

!stuary Power Mixing Salt and Fresh Water= ( / )lean Electricity 1 kW per Liter Second


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!ALT WATER BURNS AS FUELIn its normal state, salt water has a stable compositionof sodium chloride (the salt) and hydrogen and oxygen (the water). But the

radio waves from a RFG (radio frequency generator) disrupt that stability,degrading the bonds that hold the chemicals in salt water together. Thisreleases the volatile hydrogen molecules, and the heat output from the RFGignites them and burns them indefinitely.

Yes, you're seeing water burn. Salt water fuel could be the next

viable alternative to foreign oil.


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Tidal Waves in the OCEAN is a Renewable EnergySource.

The rise and fall of Ocean tide is made use by

several inventions from simpler bouys to tidewater driven air motors to turn electric generators

for producing pollution free GREEN ELECTRICITY.

TIDAL POWER is a future renewable energysimilar to WIND GENERATED ELECTRIC POWER.

enewable energy from tidalwaves


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Hydrogen can be generated from water by `splitting' itfrom oxygen.

The most well-known process is electrolysis, but othermechanisms exist as well, such as catalyst in the

presence of heat (e.g. solar), or superimposing radiofrequencies.

HYDROGEN IS A CLEAN RENEWABLE ENERGYSOURCE

Hydrogen will soon become the GREEN FUEL for the

automotive and industrial engines ,powergeneration.

ydrogen from water


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Emulsified fuels reduce the consumption of fossil fuelsand also reduce the difficult to reduce NOxemissions

and particulate soot emissions by over 70% in alldiesel engines and turbines.

In India too EMULSIFIED FUEL is being used now.Our Respected Former President Dr.A.P.J.Abdul KalamRecently visited to see the satisfactory functioning in an

Indian industry.

ater as a renewable energy inmulsified fuels


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( % % )mulsified fuels 75 diesel 25 water


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ater aiding renewable energy as.lgae

WATER is essential for the growth of ALGAE.With sunlight, the algae in the water does the process ofPHOTOSYNTHESIS absorbing carbon di oxide and releasingpure oxygen in the air


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Algae can be grown in effluent and polluted water likeCooum for cleaning the pollution while deriving the benefitsof clean air and as a renewable energy source to giveBIOFUEL !.

Algae does not require much land as used for food or oil

seeds cultivation and does not require much water asrequired by other sources of biofuel.

Algae farming will help to improve the Economy and Lifeof Farmers with better income to wipe off their poverty.


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Hydroelectricity eliminates the flue gas emissions from fossil fuelcombustion, including pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide,carbon monoxide, dust, and mercury in the coal.

Hydroelectricity also avoids the hazards of coal mining and the indirect

health effects of coal emissions. Compared to nuclear power,hydroelectricity generates no nuclear waste, has none of the dangersassociated with uranium mining, nor nuclear leaks. Unlike uranium,hydroelectricity is also a renewable energy source.

Compared to wind farms, hydroelectricity power plants have a morepredictable load factor. If the project has a storage reservoir, it can bedispatched to generate power when needed. Hydroelectric plants can beeasily regulated to follow variations in power demand.

Comparison with other methods of powergeneration


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WATER ENERGYCOMPARISON

BETWEEN INDIA ANDFRANCE


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FranceGrand Maison (1997), 1,070 MWLa Coche (1976), 285 MWLe Cheylas (1979), 485 MW

Montzic (1983), 920 MWRance (1966), 240 MWRevin (1976), 800 MWSuper Bissorte (1978), 720 MW

orldwide list ofumped storage plantsIndiaBhira, Maharashtra, 150 MWKadamparai, Coimbatore, TN, 400 MWNagarjuna Sagar PH, AP, 810 MW

Purulia Pumped Storage Project,WB,Srisailam Left Bank PH, AP, 900 MWTehri Dam, Uttranchal, 1,000 MW


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India s fuel consumption in 2009

India s Renewable energy production vs france in 2009


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India s Renewable energy production vs france in 2009


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Comparison between INDIA and FRANCE inhydroelectric power generation


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INDIA is emerging as a GLOBAL LEADER in usingWATER AS A RENEWABLE ENERGY with patents toits credit.

INDIAS patented device is used by European Countriesto synthesis ALGAE as BIOFUEL.

INDIAN INVENTION namely A PROCESS AND

SYNTHESIZER FOR MOLECULAR ENGINEERING OFMATERIALS makes INDIA to split WATER intoHYDROGEN and OXYGEN with less energy than othercountries.

here does india stand in usingater as a renewable energy


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Summary

The upper reservoir and dam of the festiniog pumped storage scheme.360 megawatts of electricity can be generated within 60 seconds of theneed arising.

The major advantage of hydroelectricity is elimination of the cost of fuel.The cost of operating a hydroelectric plant is nearly immune to increases inthe cost of fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas or coal, and no imports areneeded.

Hydroelectric plants also tend to have longer economic lives than fuel-fired generation, with some plants now in service which were built 50 to100 years ago.[5] Operating labor cost is also usually low, as plants areautomated and have few personnel on site during normal operation.

Where a dam serves multiple purposes, a hydroelectric plant may beadded with relatively low construction cost, providing a useful revenue

stream to offset the costs of dam operation. It has been calculated that thesale of electricity from the Three Gorges Dam will cover the constructioncosts after 5 to 8 years of full generation


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Since hydroelectric dams do not burn fossil fuels, they do notdirectly produce carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas). While somecarbon dioxide is produced during manufacture and constructionof the project, this is a tiny fraction of the operating emissions of

equivalent fossil-fuel electricity generation. One measurement ofgreenhouse gas related and other externality comparisonbetween energy sources can be found in the ExternE project bythe Paul Scherrer Institut and the University of Stuttgart whichwas funded by the European Commission.

The extremely positive greenhouse gas impact ofhydroelectricity is found especially in temperate climates. Theabove study was for local energy in Europe; presumably similarconditions prevail in North America and Northern Asia, which allsee a regular, natural freeze/thaw cycle (with associated seasonalplant decay and regrowth)..


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Y E S !Y E S !W AT E R I S A L E S S E X P E N S I V EW AT E R I S A L E S S E X P E N S I V EC L E A N R E N E W A B L E E N E R G YC L E A N R E N E W A B L E E N E R G Y

O F T H EO F T H EF U T U R E !F U T U R E !


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OUR TEAM S IDEAS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAIN FUTURE

IN HYDROELECTRICITY

We can use many of the newly invented concepts for generating electricity.

We can use the concept of vortex generator to generate electricity.

Inorder to produce electricity we need some kind of input in the form of force.

But nature provides us with many free abundant forces like magnetic forceand gravity which are not used very much, like the gravity harvesting,

flywheel generatoretc.

We have tried to contribute for the development of our nation by giving someIdeas.


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Presented by

G.SAISUBRAMANIAMSIBI CHAKRAVARTHY.DSRIRAM.S

Renewable Sources of Energy Water Energy-2007

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Transcript of Renewable Sources of Energy Water Energy-2007