RENAISSANCEENGLAND

English 12

Dr. Moschetta

Woodland Hills High School

POLITICAL SITUATION

THE WAR OF ROSES ENDED IN 1485– These had been a series of civil wars over the succession

of England at the end of the Middle Ages– Started with the overthrow of Richard II (Think Robin Hood)

NEITHER THE YORKS NOR THE LANCASTERS WON A NEW DYNASTY, THE TUDOR DYNASTY, CAME TO THE

THRONE– Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth

in 1485 – became Henry VII

HENRY VII

BUILT A NEW NATION -BASED STATE

COULD AVOID CONFLICTS WITH FRANCE AND SPAIN

LAID A GOOD ECONOMIC BASE FOR ENGLAND

BUILT A POWERFUL MERCHANT FLEET

ENGLAND BEGAN TO DOMINATE IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

HENRY VIII HE WAS A BRILLIANT

SCHOLAR AND AMBITIOUS POLITICIAN

DISSOLVED THE MONASTERIES

THE HAUNTING PROBLEM - A MALE HEIR

SPLIT FROM THE CATHOLIC CHURCH & MADE HIMSELF THE HEAD OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND (PROTESTANT)

QUARRELLED WITH THE POPE

CATHERINE OF ARAGON

COULD NOT GIVE THE STATE A MALE HEIR TO THE THRONE

HAD A DAUGHTER CALLED MARY

HENRY DIVORCED FROM HER TO MARRY ANNE BOLEYN

WAS AN ARDENT CATHOLIC AND BROUGHT PRINCESS MARY UP IN THE SAME SPIRIT

ANNE BOLEYN

HENRY VIII MARRIED HER AFTER THE DIVORCE

GAVE BIRTH TO A DAUGHTER CALLED ELIZABETH

WAS BEHEADED IN THE TOWER BECAUSE HENRY VIII SUSPECTED HER OF PLOTTING NOT TO GIVE HIM A SON (WITCHCRAFT)

JANE SEYMOUR WAS ONE OF HENRY VIII’S

MISTRESSES DURING HIS MARRIAGE TO ANNE BOLEYN

ENGAGED TO HENRY ONE DAY AFTER ANNE BOLEYN’S EXECUTION

MARRIED 10 DAYS LATER FINALLY! A SON! EDWARD BORN IN

1937 DIFFICULT CHILDBIRTH; JANE DIED HENRY AND HIS COURT MOURNED

HER DEATH FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD

HE CONSIDERED HER TO BE HIS ONLY “TRUE” WIFE

LAST THREE WIVES

ANNE OF CLEVES (MARRIED IN 1540)– Arranged marriage – Anne’s brother was a powerful Protestant– Henry was shown a “flattering” painting of her – ugly in reality– Marriage was never consummated; annulled soon after

CATHERINE HOWARD (MARRIED IN 1540)– Anne Boleyn’s first cousin– Henry was delighted with the marriage and his new wife– She had an affair; Henry had her beheaded

CATHERINE PARR (MARRIED IN 1543)– Wealthy widow– Restored his relationship with his daughters, Mary & Elizabeth– He died in 1547 while married to him

Edward VI – Henry’s Successor CROWNED KING

AT AGE 9 COULDN’T

REALLY RULE ENGLAND

SICKLY; DIED AT AGE 15

MARY TUDOR

HENRY’S FIRST DAUGHTER WAS A TRUE CATHOLIC

– After Henry and Catherine divorced, Catherine raised Mary as a Catholic

WHEN SHE BECAME QUEEN, SHE TRIED TO RESTORE CATHOLICISM

PURSUED PROTESTANTS AND EXECUTED THEM

ALSO KNOWN AS BLOODY MARY

ELIZABETH I

DAUGHTER OF HENRY VIII AND ANNE BOLEYN

MADE PEACE WITH FRANCE AND SPAIN

BUILT A LARGE FLEET ENCOURAGED THE

CREATION OF COLONIES ABROAD - VIRGINIA

IRELAND BECAME AN ENGLISH COLONY

WALES ACCEPTED ENGLISH ADMINISTRATION

JAMES I SON OF MARY STUART

(HENRY VIII’s SISTER) HE WAS ALSO KING

JAMES VI IN SCOTLAND FOLLOWED ELIZABETH

TO THE THRONE BECAUSE SHE HAD NO HEIR

VERY HARD ON PROTESTANTS IN SCOTLAND AND IRELAND

CONTINUED SUPPORT OF ARTS AND THEATER, AS ELIZABETH HAD

MIGRATION TO AMERICA

JAMES I WAS VERY HARD ON PROTESTANTS IN SCOTLAND AND IRELAND

IN 1620-21 THEY EMIGRATED TO AMERICA

THE SHIP WAS CALLED THE MAYFLOWER

THE FIRST SETTLEMENT WAS CALLED NEW PLYMOUTH

LITERATURE AND ART

LITERATURE AND ART FLOURISHED DURING THE REIGN OF ELIZABETH I AND JAMES I

TIME PERIOD IS KNOWN AS THE RENAISSANCE “RENAISSANCE” MEANS REBIRTH

– Rebirth of ancient Greek and Roman art and literature IT WAS FULL OF JOY OF LIFE IT GLORIFIED THE BEAUTY OF MAN MAN HAD THE RIGHT TO ENJOY LIFE

SCIENCE AND LEARNING

PRINTING WAS INVENTED IN GERMANY AND CAXTON BROUGHT THE SKILL TO ENGLAND IN 1476

GRAMMAR SCHOOLS WERE FOUNDED WHERE LATIN, GREEK, ANCIENT HISTORY AND ENGLISH WERE TAUGHT

LITERACY SPREAD QUICKLY

PROTESTANT CHURCHES WERE SET UP

THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRAMA DRAMA BECAME VERY

POPULAR THE FIRST THEATRE

HOUSES “THE GLOBE” AND “THE THEATRE” WERE BUILT

FIRST COMPANIES OF ACTORS WERE FORMED

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE HE IS THE GREATEST OF

THE ENGLISH RENAISSANCE WRITERS

HE WROTE COMEDIES, SUCH AS “THE MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM”,”THE TAMING OF THE SHREW”

HE WROTE TRAGEDIES, SUCH AS “HAMLET”, ROMEO AND JULIET”, “OTHELLO”,

HE WROTE HUNDREDS OF SONNETS

HE WROTE HISTORICAL PLAYS