Renaissance

By: Aishah Ariffin 8A Red House

Renaissance start from 14th to 17th century. It is a historical era that shows the movement form Middle Ages to Modern era. It begins in Italy where lots of blooming of literature,

science, art, religions and politics. Some of the Renaissance Man are shown on the next slide.

What is a Renaissance?

Description: Johannes Gutenburg is a German who was born in 1397. He invented printing press from movable, including the use of

metal molds and alloys, a special press and oil based ink. His type which was hand set with characters of equal height was printed on hand made paper.

Gutenburg’s goal was to mechanically reproduce medieval liturgical manuscripts without losing their color or beauty of design.

Significance: Printing was the most important development in the history of

modern Western civilization and during Renaissance time. After World War II in 1945, a new method of typesetting was

introduced. It is called “Lithography”. He was important to us because he was the first person who

invented the Printer Press and it is really help us in our daily life. Nowadays, we use a printer at home or in the office to produce photographs, newspaper, document, magazines and etc.

Johannes Gutenburg’s Printing Press

1397 1

Description: Christopher Columbus was born on 1451 in Italy. He was known as an explorer, navigator and organization of

expeditions. Through his expedition he accidently discovered the Central America while looking for a new route to Asia by going across Atlantic Ocean.

Significance: The historical expedition of Christopher Columbus is difficult. It was extraordinary changes resulted for his voyages because

he failed to find a new route to Asia so he made the lands and peoples of the Western Hemisphere known to Europeans or Western Indies.

We care about him because he was the first explorer who explored the Caribbean Sea and North and South America which already colonies by the Vikings from 100 years ago. It was happened at the time when the Europeans has expanded their theories or colonies. His aim to explore e Asia because he wants to make trades for items like spices, gold, silk and valuable goods and other natural resources.

Christopher Columbus

1451 2

Description: Leonardo Da Vinci was born in 1452 in Florence. He was one of the greatest painters and most

versatile geniuses in history. He studied anatomy, astronomy, botany, geology, geometry, optics and designed machines and drew plans of hundreds of inventions.

Significance: He developed a new set of rules for making their

painting to look more real. This was known as Perspective. By using this method, he could give his painting depth and distance such as the “Last Supper”.

He loves to know how things work by seeing the nature. He was the first person to study the flights of birds, due to that its led him to have some idea for his creation of building tanks, parachute, ship and others.

He is important because he is one of the greatest scientific minds of the Italian Renaissance.

Leonardo Da Vinci’s Last Supper

1452 3

Description: Niccolo Machiavelli Florentine, Statesman, Playwright and Poet who was born in 1469.

He is one of the main founders of modern political in science. Machiavelli is a man that observed the way people live and he aimed to inform leaders

like Pope on how the country should be rule and how the country should live. Machiavelli suggest to the Pope to increase the national army instead of buying

mercenary soldier. He thinks that strong government does not always be good in itself but it is far better

than the weak government. Significance: His dream of getting Italian republic becomes a reality after four hundred nineteen

years of death. His works really benefit to the modern days because many universities’ student has to

read his books especially on politics and history. Many people consider him as politician whom invented a theory of government in

which craftiness, treachery and ruthlessness outweigh high deals or even the desire to do well.

Niccolo Machiavelli

1569 4

Description: Michelangelo was born in 1475 in Tuscany. He was one of the most

famous artists in history. He was interested in creating large marble statues and his infinite

creative also make him a great painter and architect and poet . He was also one of the most famous people in the time and a great leader of the Italian Renaissance.

Significance: He created a marble sculptor “David” which he produced between

1501 and 1504 and he used “David as his model. He chose “David” because it describes him as an athletic, manly

character, very concentrated and ready to fight. The extreme tension is evident in his worried looking and in his right, holding a stone.

He is important because he has some good techniques to use when he sculptured “David” and it has more details in describing the sculpture that showed characteristic of athletic, masculine, brave and ready to fight.

Michelangelo1475 5

Description: Magellan was Portugese sea explorer/captain who led the

first expedition to sail around the world and was born in 1480.

He was the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean, Earth’s largest ocean.

Significance: In 1509, he sailed to Melaka which is a port city of Peninsular

of Malaya (the old name of Malaysia). He proved that it was possible to reach the Spices Island by sailing westward.

The discovery of Strait of Magellan led to future European voyages across the Pacific and around the world. He also proved that the Spice Islands actually lay in Spanish waters. As a result, Portugal has to pay Spain a large sum of money in order for Portugal to own the island.

We cared about him because he was the first person to crossed the Pacific Ocean, Earth’s largest ocean.

Ferdinand Magellan1480 6

Description: Henry VII was born in 1491 in England. He was a King of England

in 1509 and married with six wives. King Henry VIII was the first English king that has literary culture

education. He can read and wrote in English, French, Latin. Henry VIII was acknowledged for his strong safeguard of popular

Christian religion. The key factor of England’s triumph against Spanish Armada was the Royal Navy power, which was founded by Henry VIII.

Significance: He is important because he was greatly influenced English

history by separating the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church.

He was the one who did the construction and renovation of some meaningful building which still exist until now, some of it are Nonsuch Palace, King’s College Chapel, Cambridge and Westminster Abbey in London. Many building that he acquire from Wosley then he refine such as Christ Church, Oxford, Hampton Court Palace, the Palace of Whitehall and Trinity College.

 

Henry VIII1491 7

Description: Galileo was born in 1564. He was an Italian astronomer and physicist. He invented his first thermoscope which is device measure air

temperature. Galileo made a first effective use of the refracting telescope to discover important new facts about astronomy.

He dropped two balls from the Leaning Tower of Pisa and found that the heavier one landed slightly before the lighter one. Galileo later refined the compass so that it could be used to solve basic mathematical problems.

During his time, he became convinced the truth about the universe that all the planets, including Earth, revolve around the Sun. He discovered the law of falling bodies, the law of the pendulum and he also designed the scientific instruments.

Significance: He is very important to us because he invented his first refracting

telescope to discover about astronomy such as planets, Sun and Moon. And we still used his telescope until now and it really helps us in our daily

life.

Galileo1564 8

Description: Robert Hooke was born in 1635 in England. He was known as an English natural

philosopher/science, architect and polymath. He discovered some of the Gregorian telescopes and come up with the theory

of rotations of Mars and Jupiter. He established the work in the field of surveying and map making. His work led

to first modern plan-form map. Hooke’s law is the elasticity is the extension of a spring which comes in the

direct proportion with the weight applied to it. Significance: The microscope he invented in the 17th century was used for research. He was the first person to use the balance spring for the regulation of watches

and devised for improvements in pendulum clocks. Important of the balance spring function was to control the speed movement of

the watch. He was important to us because he was the first person who study about the elasticity and invented the microscope and telescope.

Robert Hooke1635 9

Description: Isaac Newton was born in 1642., he is an English scientist,

astronomer and mathematician. He had invented a new technique for mathematics that is

Calculus, He discovered the secret of light and colour and showed how

the universe is held together. He invented a new type of telescope.

which is reflecting telescope was used instead of a combination of lenses. The measurement of his reflecting telescope was 6 inches (15 centimetres) long and through it, Newton saw the satellites of Jupiter. He discovered how the universe is held together through his theory of gravitation, discovered the secret of light and invented the branch of mathematics, calculus.

Significance: He was important to us because of his great contributions to

mathematics, physics and astronomy. His most significant contribution to us is the rreflecting

telescope, where he can discovered he satellites of Jupiter. From his discovery he tells us how the universe is held together through his theory of gravitation.

Until now we still using the reflecting telescope and the Calculus.

Isaac Newton1642 10