RDA for the Non-Cataloger: With an Emphasis on Government Information Lori Robare University of...

RDA for the Non-Cataloger:With an Emphasis on

Government Information

Lori RobareUniversity of Oregon Libraries

October 14, 2013

RDA : Resource Description and Access

• RDA has been developed as a replacement for AACR2– By the Joint Steering Committee (JSC)

• International effort: U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia, Germany

• Published in June 2010• Testing by U.S. libraries July 2010-March

2011DIGOR, October 2013

Gradual implementation

• Library of Congress completed its implementation in March 2013

• Many libraries are beginning to catalog in RDA

• When to implement is a local decision• RDA records are compatible with AACR2

records– Most libraries will not re-catalog

DIGOR, October 2013

GPO’s implementation

• Effective April 1, 2013, all of GPO’s original cataloging is done according to RDA

• GPO will use AACR2 records in copy cataloging

• Webinar recording available:– An overview of RDA and its implementation at

GPOhttp://www.fdlp.gov/component/content/article/16-cataloging/1457-

rda-standard-implemented-gpo-4-1-13

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

RDA

• Fundamental re-thinking of cataloging theory and practice– Yet designed to be compatible with existing records

• Based on internationally established principles, models and standards

• Designed with the user in mind, using terminology that makes sense

• A more consistent and flexible framework for describing all types of resources

DIGOR, October 2013

RDA ...

• defines individual data elements, many with controlled vocabulary lists

• can be used with MARC, but is structured to work with new data formats

• clearly indicates the nature of relationships – e.g., between works and their creators

• will support the integration of library catalog data into the broader environment

DIGOR, October 2013

Things that are changing with RDA

• Changes in what you’ll see in catalog records

• Conceptual changes in how we think about cataloging and do cataloging

• Structural changes that will affect the role of library data in the web environment

DIGOR, October 2013

User tasks• Find• Identify• Select• Obtain

Entity-relationship model• Entities: Group 1, 2, 3• Relationships• Attributes

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)

DIGOR, October 2013

FRBR entities: Group 1• (products of intellectual or artistic endeavor) = the things we collect

– Work– Expression– Manifestation– Item

DIGOR, October 2013

Work

Slide from William Denton and Jodi SchneiderDIGOR, October 2013

Expressions

Les Trois Mousquetaires

Text in French

Translation into English

14

Spoken word

Slide adapted from Denton and Schneider DIGOR, October 2013

Manifestations

books

VideocassettesDVDs

CDsSlide from William Denton and Jodi SchneiderDIGOR, October 2013

Viking, 2006 manifestation: 2 items at UO

Trident, 1999 manifestation: 1 item at UO

Items

Copy 1

Copy 2

DIGOR, October 2013

Original Work - Same

Expression

Same Work – New Expression New Work

Cataloging Rules Cut-Off Point

DerivativeEquivalent Descriptive

Facsimile

Reprint

ExactReproduction

Copy

MicroformReproduction

Variations or Versions

Translation

Simultaneous“Publication”

Edition

Revision

SlightModification

ExpurgatedEdition

IllustratedEdition

AbridgedEdition

Arrangement

SummaryAbstractDigest

Change of Genre

Adaptation

DramatizationNovelizationScreenplay

Libretto

FreeTranslation

Same Style orThematic Content

Parody

Imitation

Review

Criticism

AnnotatedEdition

Casebook

Evaluation

Commentary

Barbara Tillett: Family of Works

DIGOR, October 2013

FRBR entities: Group 2• those responsible for the intellectual and

artistic content*

– Person– Corporate body– Family

DIGOR, October 2013

Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

Group 2

many

is owned by

is produced by

is realized by

is created by

Person

Corporate Body

Family

Slide from Barbara Tillett DIGOR, October 2013

ER Database

Work: Gone with the windWork: Gone

with the windcreated by

has a subject

realized through

Work: Gone with the wind (1938 film)

Work: Gone with the wind (1938 film)

derived from

Person: O’Hara, ScarlettPerson: O’Hara, Scarlett

Place: GeorgiaPlace: Georgia

Expression: Hungarian text

Expression: Hungarian textExpression: Danish textExpression: Danish text

Expression: English textExpression: English text

Expression: English abridged text

Expression: English abridged text

Expression: Chinese textExpression: Chinese textExpression: English spoken word

Expression: English spoken word

Person: Mitchell, Margaret, 1900-1949

Person: Mitchell, Margaret, 1900-1949

Slide from Robert MaxwellDIGOR, October 2013

ER Database Work: Gone with the windWork: Gone

with the wind

realized throughExpression: English spoken word

Expression: English spoken word

Person: Stephens, Linda

Person: Stephens, Linda

performed by

Manifestation

Format: audiocassette

Publisher: Recorded Books, ℗2001

embodied in

Manifestation

Format: compact disc

Publisher: Recorded Books, ℗2001

Manifestation

Format: Playaway

Publisher: Playaway, ©2009

Slide from Robert MaxwellDIGOR, October 2013

RDA outline: Attributes (sect. 1-4)

• Recording attributes of:– manifestation and item (chapters 1-4)– work and expression (chapters 5-7)– person, family, and corporate body (chapters 8-

11)– concept, object, event,* place (chapters

12-16)

DIGOR, October 2013

Changes in terminology

• Author Creator

• Heading Authorized access point

• Uniform title Preferred title

• Main entry [it’s complicated]

DIGOR, October 2013

Changes in catalog records

• “Take what you see” in fields that we transcribe:– Title, statement of responsibility, edition, etc.

– Much less adjusting, abbreviating, omitting, bracketing

– No longer using [sic] for errors

DIGOR, October 2013

AACR2:Title: Bizzare [sic] talesEdition: 3rd rev. ed.Alt title: Bizarre tales

RDA:Title: Bizzare talesEdition: Third revised editionAlt title: Corrected title: Bizarre tales (optional)

DIGOR, October 2013

Capitalization MAY differ

• May match what is on the item

AACR2:Title: Baltic journal of art history

RDA:Title: Baltic journal of art history

ORBaltic journal of ART HISTORY

DIGOR, October 2013

No more [et al.]• No limit on the number of people recorded in a single

statement of responsibility

AACR2:America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger ... [et al.].

RDA:America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger, Martin Shapiro,

Fred I. Greenstein, Steven J. Rosenstone.

Alternative: America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger [and three others].

DIGOR, October 2013

How does this affect “main entry”?

• No more “rule of three”– More than three creators?

Wolfinger, Raymond E. ** requiredAmerica’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger, Martin

Shapiro, Fred I. Greenstein, Steven J. Rosenstone.

Access points: Shapiro, Martin.Greenstein, Fred I.Rosenstone, Steven J.

Allowed, but not required

DIGOR, October 2013

Changes in headings/access points:personal names

• Abbreviations spelled out:

Lee, John, 18th cent. Lee, John, 18th centuryKing, Mike, 1946 Oct. 10- King, Mike, 1946 October 10Smith, Jane, ca. 1820-1865 Smith, Jane, approximately 1820-1865Tate, Ellen, fl. 1893-1940 Tate, Ellen, active 1893-1940

• Terms indicating relationships are part of the name:

Williams, Hank, 1949- Williams, Hank, Jr., 1949-

DIGOR, October 2013

Corporate names & titles• “Department” spelled out, if it is used that way Ohio. Dept. of Commerce Ohio. Department of Commerce

• Parts of the Bible Bible. O.T. Bible. Old Testament Bible. O.T. Genesis Bible. Genesis

• Other sacred scriptures Koran Qur’an

DIGOR, October 2013

Changes to authority file• Machine conversion of about 400,000 authority

records in March 2013– Spelling out abbreviations:

• Dept. Department– Changing Koran to Qur’an– Spell out or remove O.T. and N.T

• These changes happened in the WorldCat authority file – Some bibliographic records in WorldCat were linked

and changed

DIGOR, October 2013

Updating “Dept.” access pointsin bibliographic records

• This is a huge endeavor

• A great deal of progress has been made in the WorldCat database

• Local catalogs will vary – If you rely on browsing for author names including

the word “Dept.”/”Department”, talk to your catalogers – find out what they are doing

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Washington State University’s catalog

DIGOR, October 2013

Searching in WorldCat Local: washington state department

DIGOR, October 2013

Searching in WorldCat Local: washington state dept

Latin terms replaced

• AACR2, when you could not even guess place of publication or name of publisher:

[S. l.] : [s.n.]

• RDA: [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not

identified]

…but actually we will most often give a probable place, even just: [United States?]

DIGOR, October 2013

Publication & copyright dates

• AACR2: – If date of publication is unknown, the copyright

date is given in its place– Copyright date not usually in the record otherwise

• RDA: – copyright date is a separate element and is often

included in records, even if the same as publication date

DIGOR, October 2013

AACR2:[S.l.] : Harvest House Pub., c2010.

RDA:[United States] : Harvest House Publishers, [2010].

In addition, you may see in a separate field:©2010ORcopyright 2010

DIGOR, October 2013

More discrete statements about publication (distribution, etc.)

• AACR2 and the MARC 260 field combine information about publication, distribution, manufacture, and copyright in one text string

• RDA defines separate elements for these– And the new MARC 264 field allows separate

statements in a MARC record

DIGOR, October 2013

New MARC codingfor publication information: 264

Provides separate statements for information about publication, distribution, manufacture, and copyright

264 _1 [United States] : $b Harvest House Publishers, $c [2010]264 _4 $c ©2010

DIGOR, October 2013

2nd indicator describes the function 264 Second indicator:

0 Production1 Publication2 Distribution3 Manufacture 4 Copyright notice date

•GPO practice: record a distribution statement that appears on the item being cataloged, in addition to the publication statement

DIGOR, October 2013

Catalog display making use of separate statements (Stanford University Libraries)

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

UO’s local catalog: new labels for different functions not yet implemented

Less abbreviating, more wordsPhysical description (300 field)

AACR2: 86, [21] p. : ill., 1 folded map ; 24 cm.

RDA: 86 pages, 21 unnumbered pages : illustrations, 1

folded map ; 24 cm

DIGOR, October 2013

Some abbreviations endure

• RDA still uses abbreviations for dimensions and for duration:

1 DVD video (90 min.) : digital, sound, color ; 4 ¾ in.

DIGOR, October 2013

Another terminology change

• For a CDAACR2: 1 sound disc

RDA: 1 audio discOption: use a term such as “CD” or “compact disc”:

1 CD 1 compact disc

DIGOR, October 2013

No more [General material designation]

• GMD is the bracketed information in the title that conveys the type of material

[electronic resource][sound recording][videorecording]

• Replaced by three new elements:– Content type (text, performed music, spoken word,

etc.)– Media type (audio, microform, video, etc.)– Carrier type (audio disc, online resource, videodisc, etc)

DIGOR, October 2013

MARC fields replacing the GMD

• 336 Content type• 337 Media type• 338 Carrier type

• These collectively replace the [GMD]• Questions about catalog display

– Icons? – Text?

DIGOR, October 2013

AACR2 : e-book

Game of thrones and philosophy [electronic resource] : logic cuts deeper than swords / edited by Henry Jacoby.

RDA : e-book Game of thrones and philosophy : logic cuts deeper than swords / edited by Henry Jacoby.

336 $a text $2 rdacontent 337 $a computer $2 rdamedia 338 $a online resource $2 rdacarrier

Replace GMD

DIGOR, October 2013

Examples: cartographic

Printed mapcartographic image unmediatedsheet

Online mapcartographic image computeronline resource

DIGOR, October 2013

Examples: moving images

DVDtwo-dimensional moving image videovideodisc

Streaming videotwo-dimensional moving image computeronline resource

DIGOR, October 2013

Examples: music

CDperformed music audioaudio disc

Scorenotated music unmediatedvolume

DIGOR, October 2013

If displayed in a catalog record…

• Might display with the “Description” field (300):

Title: RED DIAPER BABYDescription: 1 DVD video (90 min.) : digital, sound,

color ; 4 ¾ in. two-dimensional moving image video videodisc

DIGOR, October 2013

BYU’s catalog

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

BYU’s catalog: online government publication

DIGOR, October 2013

BYU’s catalog: printed map

Puyallup, Sept. 2013

To find RDA records in BYU’s catalog: catalog.lib.byu.eduDo a “search all” keyword using “rda{040}”


catalog.lib.byu.edu“search all” keyword using “rda{040} and oregon”

33X fields are repeatable

• Many resources have more than one content, media, and carrier type

• The fields may be repeated– $3 may be used to identify parts of the resource

OR

• Multiple terms may be given within one field– 336 $a text $a still image


Book + DVD


Spoken word CDs + booklet


Challenges with loss of GMD

• Some libraries rely on the GMD to alert patrons and staff to format of material

• Large print– New MARC subfield, recently implemented:

• 340 Physical medium $n Font size• Example: 340 $n Large print

• Some will continue to add GMD locally– map terms from new fields?– possibilities with MarcEdit?

DIGOR, October 2013

RDA Carrier Type displayed in search results (BYU)

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Discovery layer:RDA record for a DVD in WorldCat Local

Is it an RDA record?

DIGOR, October 2013

How to identify an RDA record

DIGOR, October 2013

OCLC and “RDA-ifying” WorldCat

• OCLC has begun changing some AACR2 (and earlier) records in WorldCat to incorporate useful RDA practices

• Consistency should help new catalogers, systems staff, patrons– And make the transition to a post-MARC world

easier


Changes include:

• Adding 336, 337, 338 fields• Spelling out abbreviations in some fields• Converting Latin abbreviations to English

equivalents in some fields• Heading changes according to RDA


DIGOR, October 2013

AACR2 record with RDA fields added by OCLC

DIGOR, October 2013

Acquisitions, Copy cataloging, ILL• Recognizing RDA records in Connexion/staff

view– 040 $e rda & Desc “i”

• Identifying a matching record: what looks different?

• Copy catalogers: what should be edited – anything?

• Retain data (don’t delete!) – even if it isn’t used by ILS now

DIGOR, October 2013

ILS changes

• Ensure that your ILS can load new MARC fields• Make decisions about display and indexing

– If the GMD is important to your users, can you make changes that will provide the information?

• Talk to your vendor: what is being done to support use of RDA fields?

DIGOR, October 2013

Identifying people

• … & corporate bodies, & families

• and naming relationships

Open Clip Art Library: russelDIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

RDA authority record for a person:Labeled / Public display in LC’s catalog(authorities.loc.gov)

DIGOR, October 2013

Ending date

Beginning date

Affiliation

RDA MARC authority record for a person – with new fields

DIGOR, October 2013

Government agency in Hawaii

Field of activity

Relationships in RDA• Naming relationships between:

– a person (or corporate body, family) and a resource• Jane Doe is the choreographer of this dance

– between resources• ABC is a parody of XYZ

– between people, corporate bodies, etc.• Samuel Clemens is the real identity of Mark Twain

• …in a very structured way, that computers can understand

Thanks to Dianne Hillmann DIGOR, October 2013

In a catalog record…

•Author access points MAY be followed by terms describing the role of the person or organization:

– e.g., author, editor, composer, filmmaker, performer, production company, issuing body, sponsoring body

DIGOR, October 2013

Terms that identify roles MAY follow author access points

DIGOR, October 2013

Examples for corporate bodies

DIGOR, October 2013

In a catalog record…

• Access points for related works MAY have introductory terms specifying the nature of the relationship

– e.g., based on …, abridgement of … , parody of …, remake of … , prequel to …, revision of …

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Authority record relationships:Labeled / Public display in LC’s catalog

Slide from Adam SchiffDIGOR, October 2013

Other relationship terms

• Just a few of the many available terms:– Adaptation of (work)– Commentary on (expression)– Issued with– Parody of (work)– Remake of (work)– Screenplay for (expression)– Translation of


Benefits

• Greatly enhanced ability to provide structured information about:– People, corporate bodies, and families important

to our local institutions and communities– Roles that they perform in relation to the

resources in our collections– Relationships among resources

• We have always tried to do this, but were limited to textual note fields

DIGOR, October 2013

Looking ahead: the potential

• RDA data elements and vocabularies have been registered– Formally defined in an open metadata registry– Each term has a unique URI

• Machines can use and interpret catalog information in a new way

• Opens up our world to others who want to organize and structure information – or use our data

Thanks to Diane Hillmann DIGOR, October 2013

http://metadataregistry.org/

DIGOR, October 2013

RDA Relationships for Persons, Corporate Bodies, Families

Real identityReal identity

DIGOR, October 2013

Detail: Real identity

URIURI

DIGOR, October 2013

A computer can “understand”:• Mark Twain

– (link to name authority record) viaf.org/viaf/50566653

• Has real identity– (link to “Real identity” role in the registry):

metadataregistry.org/uri/schema/RDARelationshipsGR2/realIdentity (RDF)

• Samuel Clemens– (link to name authority record)

http://viaf.org/viaf/53367783

DIGOR, October 2013

Part of Mark Twain’s authority record

DIGOR, October 2013

…which is linked to the Virtual International Authority File

DIGOR, October 2013

Which is referenced in the Wikipedia entry for Mark Twain

DIGOR, October 2013

MARC is changing…

• New fields• More discrete data elements

– Text that has been impossible to process and manipulate much improved

• But is it changing enough?

DIGOR, October 2013

www.loc.gov/marc/transition

DIGOR, October 2013

LC’s Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative

• Collaborative process• Focus: translate the MARC 21 format to a

linked data model– While retaining as much as possible the robust

and beneficial aspects of MARC

• LC contracted with Zepheira to:– Provide model(s) as starting point for discussion– Provide analysis of related initiatives underway

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Closing thoughts…

• Be nice to your catalogers

• They have a lot to deal with right now

Open Clip Art Library: secretlondonDIGOR, October 2013

Catalogers:

• Be patient with yourself and others as we’re ALL learning

• Take advantage of free training resources

DIGOR, October 2013

Help from LC and others: freely available here!

http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/

DIGOR, October 2013

Help from: ALCTS – webinars are free after six months!

FRBR as a Foundation for RDA – Robert MaxwellChanges from AACR2 to RDA: a Comparison of Examples – Adam Schiff

DIGOR, October 2013

“Elevator speech”

• RDA aims to provide catalog data that will help libraries define our presence on the Web– With well-defined and structured data elements

– Clearly indicating relationships among works and the people responsible for them

– Clearer language for our patrons

– Easier for computers to manipulate

DIGOR, October 2013

Thank you!

• And thanks to:– William Denton– Jodi Schneider– Diane Hillmann– Robert Maxwell– Adam Schiff– Barbara Tillett

…for the use of some slidesDIGOR, October 2013

• Cataloger’s Learning Workshop: www.loc.gov/catworkshop/

• ALCTS webinar archive: www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/past/webinar• Adam Schiff’s RDA presentations:

http://faculty.washington.edu/aschiff/• Metadata Registry

http://metadataregistry.org/• Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative

http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/

DIGOR, October 2013

Questions?

RDA for the Non-Cataloger: With an Emphasis on Government Information Lori Robare University of...

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