Radiation Safety – Health Physics
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Transcript of Radiation Safety – Health Physics
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Radiation Safety – Health Physics
Neutron Scattering Summer School2006
David Brown, NCNR Health Physics
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Training Outline
- Radiation, Ionization, & Radioactivity
- Radiation Dose
- Radiation Safety
- Questions ??
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Electromagnetic Radiation: Gammas and X-Rays
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Background Radiation
US Average ~ 360 mrem/yrDenver, CO ~ 700 mrem/yrBrazil (beaches) ~ 5,000 mrem/yr
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Reactor (generates neutrons)
Neutron
Neutron Experiment Stations
Beam Tubes
Man Made Ionizing RadiationMan Made Ionizing RadiationThe NCNR LayoutThe NCNR Layout
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Radiation Exposure
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Types of Exposure
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Radiation Dosimetry
General Public Dose General Public Dose Limit = 100 mrem/yrLimit = 100 mrem/yr
Average Dose to US Average Dose to US Public = 360 mrem/yrPublic = 360 mrem/yr
Occupational Dose Occupational Dose Limit = 5,000 mrem/yrLimit = 5,000 mrem/yr
Average Dose to NIST Researcher ~ 50 mrem/yr
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Health Physics Labels/Signs
>5 mrem/hr(whole body
dose rate)
>100 mrem/hr(whole body
dose rate)
~100,000 mrem/hr (localized dose rate)
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Radiation Detection / Measurement
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Time, Distance, and ShieldingTime, Distance, and Shielding
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Distance – Inverse Square Law
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Shielding
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Campfire Analogy
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Contamination Control
Always monitor yourself and items you have with you when leaving a controlled area.
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Ionizing Radiation - Overview
Can not see it, feel it, or smell itCan not see it, feel it, or smell it - we must rely on training and equipment to protect ourselves
Relatively simple to detect and measureRelatively simple to detect and measure - unlike chemical and biological hazards - we can quickly assess and take action
Biological effects have been intensely Biological effects have been intensely studied for 50 yearsstudied for 50 years
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Questions….?