CHAPTER - I

1. Gombrich E.H, “Newyork Review of Book” XVIII, P-38

2. William willettes, “Chinese Art ” P.350

3. Brandon.S.G.F ; “The Holy Book, the Holy Tradition and the Holy

Ikon”, PP 1.19

4. Albert .C. Moore, “ Iconography of Religions” , P.1

5. Ibid., P.1

6. Ibid., P.1

7. Ibid., P.1

8. Nancy wilson Ross, “ Hindusim Buddhism, Zen”, P .106

9. Goetz .H, "India : Five thousand years of Indian Art" PP. 131-133

10. Thomas .J. Hopkins, " The Hindu Religious Traditioin"

PP.110-111

11. Bhattacharya.S "The Religion of the Hindus" P.117

12. Philip Rawason. “The Art of Tantra Themes" P.9

13. Thomas Hopkins, op.cit, PP.114-115

CHAPTER - II

1. Mahapatra . A.R., "Philosophy of religion an approach to

world religion" P.3

2. I bid., P.3

3. I bid., P.3

4. I bid., P.3

5. I bid., P.3

6. I bid., P.3

7. I bid., P.3

8. I bid., P.3

9. I bid., P.3

10. I bid., P.3

11. Paul Edward (Ed) “The Encyclopedia of Philosophy”, Vol. 8 & 9, P.140

12. I bid., P.140

13. I bid., P.140

14. I bid., P.140

15. I bid., P.140

16. I bid., P.140

17. I bid., P.140

18. I bid., P.140

19. Banerjee. A.K, “Hindu culture, custom, ceremony ” P.103

20. Stephen Fuchs, “Origion of Man and his culture” P.219

21. Ibid., P.219

22. Ibid., P.220

23. Fowler. W.W, “The Religious Experience of the Roman people”. P.61

24. Sabatier. A, “On Introduction to philosophy of

Religion Based on Psychology History”. P.129

25. Thouless. R.H., “The Tendency to Certainity in Religious Belief”, P.26

26. Ibid., P.P.16-31

27. Conklin. E.S, “The Psychology of Religious Adjustment”, P.141

28. King. I, “Development on Religious”, P.161

29. Cuber. A, “Sociology (3rd

Edition)" P.P.236-237

30. Leuba. J.H, “Psychological Origin and Nature of Religious”. P.106

31. Durkheim. E, “Elementary Forms of the Religions Life" P.71 32. Kirkapatric. C, “Religion in Human Affairs”, P.71

33. Galloway. G, “The philosophy of Religion”, P.101

34. Pratt. J.B, “Religious Consciousness”, P.41

35. Grenstead. L.W, “Psychology of Religion”, P. 61

36. Tylor. E.G, “Primitive culture”, P.79

37. Jung. C.G, “Psychology of Religion”,P.121

38. Piper.R.F, “The Field and method of Knowledge”, P.247

39. Arnold.M, “Literature and Dogma”, P.131

40. Hocking.W.E, “The meaning of God in

HumanExperience”,P.12

41. Paul Edwards, Op.Cit.,P.142

42. Where as my birth and spirit rather look the way that takes the

turn; Though didst betray one into a living ering look and wrap

me in a gourn I was entangled in the world of strife Before I

had the power to change my life George Herbert in affection

43. Banerjee. A.K. Op.Cit., P.105

44. Ibid., P.105

45. Radhakrishnan. S, “Religion and Society”, P.78

46. Mahopatra.R, Op.Cit.,P.27

47. Mc Dougall. W, “Social Psychology”, P.109

48. Jung. C.G, “Psychological Types”,P.61

49. Jung C.G. “Instinct and the Unconscious”, P.P.15-23

50. Leuba.J.H, “A Psychological study of Religion”,P.109

51. Vetter. G.E, “Magic and Relgion”, P. 61

52. Pratt. J.B, “Religious Consciousness”, P. 79

53. Carpenter. J.E, “Comparative Religion”, P. 41

54. Hendric. I, “Fact and Analysis of Psycho-Analysis”, P.107

55. Hadfield. J.A, “Psychology and mental Health”,P. 72

56. Ibid., P.73

57. Freud.S, “Basic writings of sigmunt Freud Translated and Edited” By. A.A Brill, P.69

58. Ibid., P.70

59. Mc Dougall, Op.Cit., P.106

60. Ibid., P.106

61. Weiser. G.A, “Early Civilisation”, P.101

62. Kirkapatric. C, Op.Cit., P.109

63. Vetter. G.B, Op.Cit., P.67

64. Leuba. V.H, Op.Cit., P.67

65. Brichtman. E.A, “Philosophy of Religion”, P.96

66. Mc Dougall.W, Op.Cit.,P.197

67. Brichtman. E.A," A Philosophy of Religion"P.109

68. Vetter.G.B, Op.Cit.,P.79

69. Tailor,W.S, “A Scale to Measure Hindu – Christian and Secular Beliefs About God”, P.209

70. Conklin. E.S,Op.Cit.,P.117

71. Cutton. G.S, “The Psychological Phenomena of Christianits”, P.107

72. Russel. B, “Why I am not a Christions”,P.61

73. Mc Dougall, Op.Cit., P.71

74. Shand. A.F, “Characted and Emotion”,P.P.203-226

75. Mc Dougall, Op.Cit.,P.119

76. Ribot. T. “The Psychylogy of Emotions”,P.19

77. Allport.G.W, “The Individual and His Religion”,P.201

78. Ibid., P.201

79. Ibid., P.217

80. Ibid., P.217

81. Ibid., P.219

82. Allport. G, Op.Cit., P.219

83. Ibid., P.210

84. Clark. W.H, "The Philosophy of Religion" P.109

85. Clark. W.H, Op.Cit., P.111

86. Ibid., P.112

87. Argyle.M, “Religious Behaviours”,P.279

88. Breckenridge. M.E, Murthy. M.N, "Growth and Development of

young child”, P.817

89. Pratt. J.B,Op.Cit., P.112

90. Briddle, “Integration of Religion and psychiatry ”,P.71

91. Ames.E.S, “Psychology of Religious Experience”,P.47

92. Malinowski. S, “Science Religion & Reality”, P.24

93. Carpenter. J.E, “Op.Cit., P.107

94. Farzer. J.G, “The Golden Bough”, (Abridged),P.277

95. Kirkapatri. C.C,Op.Cit., P.201

96. Hilgard. E.R, “Introduction of Psychology”, P.147

97. Murphy. G Murphy. L.B, “Experimental social Psychology”,P.191

New Comb. T.M

98. Ibid., P.197

99. Hall. C.S, “ A Primer of Freudian Psychology”,P.173

100. Swami Akilananda, “Hindu Psychology. It’s meaning for the west”, P.141 101. Vetter, Op.Cit., P.87

102. Argyle.M, Op.Cit., P.77

103. Gover. G, “Exploring English Character”, P.71

104. Argyle.M, Op.Cit., P.281

105. Lepire. R.T, “Social Psychology”, P.107

106. Clark. W.H, Op.Cit., P.117

107. Stoughfer. S.A, “The American Soldier – Combet and its

Aftermath”,P.307

108. Wilson. B.R, “Social Aspects of Religious Sects”,P.109

109. Stratton. G.M, “The Psychology of Religious Life”,P.213

110. Yound. K, “The Psychology of Hymns”,P.P.297-406

111. Flugel. J.C, Op.Cit., P.310

112. Ibid., P.314

113. Ibid., P.315

114. Swami Akilananda, Op.Cit., P.143

115. Das Guptha, “Hinduism”, P.64

116. Ibid., P.69

117. Ibid., P.69

118. Sharma. D.S, “The Nature and History of Hinduism”, P.207

119. Ibid., P.208

120. Farquhar. J.N, “A premier of Hinduism”, P.121

121. Ibid., P.122

122. Ibid., P.122

123. Ibid., P.122

124. Ibid., P.122

125. Ibid., P.123

126. Ibid., P.123

127. Sharma. D.S, Op.Cit.,P.209

128. Mahadevan. T.M.P, “Outlines of Hinduism”,P.79

129. Ibid., P.81

130. Gandhi. M.K,“Autobiography”, P.71

131. Radha Kamal Mukerjee, “The Flowering of Indian Art”,P.111

132. George Michael,“The Hindu Temple”, P.IV

133. Radha Kamal Mukerjee, Op.Cit.,P.VII

134. Ibid., P.111

135. Ibid., P.111

136. Ibid., P.111

CHAPTER - III

1. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol.2, P.311

2. Ibid., P.311

3. Ibid., P.312

4. Ibid., P 313

5. Ibid., P 313

6. Ibid., P 313

7. Ibid., Vol. 21, P.829

8. Encyclopaedia of religion and Ethics. Vol. 12, P.236.

9. Ibid., P 236

10. Ibid., P 236

11. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol.2, P.829

12. Ibid., P 829

13. Ibid., P 829

14. Ibid., P 829

15. Ibid., P. 405.

16. Hose.C and McDougall, “ The Pagan Tribes of Bornuo”, P.186

17. Skeat.W.W. and Blagkadene, “ Pagan Races of the valley

peninsula”, P.P. 144, 197. 362.

18. Mcdougall, “ Land Marks of Boundaries”, P.106

19. Encyclopaadia of religion of Ethics, Vol.12. P.236

20. Ibid., P. 237.

21. Moultan. J.H, “ Early Zorastrianism” , P.P. 225 and 391

22. Ibid., P.392

23. Balmer. G. Nenhansa.R. “ New Guinea where a cult is carried

on”. P.141

24. Poet. T.E., “ Rough stone Monuments and their Builders”,

P.67

25. Ibid., P.67

26. Roscoe. “ The Baganda”, P.247

27. Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, Op. cit., P.238

28. Forgusson, “ The rock-cut Temple of India”, P.79

29. Encylopaedia of Religion and Ethics, Vol.12, P.239.

30. Ibid., P.239

31. Ibid., P.239

32. Ibid., P.239

33. Ibid., P.240.

34. Ibid., P.240.

35. Ibid., P.240.

36. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol.12. P.83

37. Ibid., P.83.

38. Ibid., P.83

39. Ibid., P.83

40. Ibid.,Vol.11, P.508.

41. Ibid., P. 508

42. Forgusson, Op. cit., P.79.

43. Ramachandra Rao S.K, “ Indian Temple, It’s manning”, P.1.

44. George Michell, “ The Hindu Temple”, P.14

45. Ramachandra Rao, Op. Cit., P.l.

46. Edith Tomory, “ Introduction to the History of Fine Arts in

Indian and the west”, P.1.

47. Ramachandra Rao. S.K, Op. cit., P.12

48. Ibid., P.12

49. Ibid., P.19

50. George Michell, Op.cit., P.14.

51. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol. 12. P. 93

52. Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, Vol.1, P.740.

53. Ibid., P.740

54. Ibid., P.740

55. Ibid., P.740

56. Ibid., P.740

57 Ramachandra Rao. S.K, Op.cit., P.21

58. Ibid., P.23.

59. Ibid., P.24

60. Ibid., P.24

61. Ibid., P.27.

62. Ibid., P.28

63. Ibid., P.31.

64. Ibid., P.37.

65. Ibid.,P.34.

66. Negritos arrived in India in a remote past from – Africa through

Arabia, Iran and Baluchistan.

67. Pro – Australoids Migrated India From the West.

68. Panikkar. K.M, “ Essential Feature of Indian culture”. P.61

69. Bhattogi – dikshita commentary on Patanjali Mahabhasya,

5.2-21. Verses.

70. Hevel. E.B., “ The Idealism of Hindu Arts”. P.126

71. Ibid., P. 128

72. Sivashanmugam pillai. J,“ History of the Adi Dravidas”, P.79.

73. Annual Report of the Archeological survey of India – 1902,

P. 197.

74. Ibid., P.197

75. Ibid., P.197

76. Ramachandra Rao. Op. cit., P.46.

77. Ibid., P.197

78. Ibid., P.47

79. Ibid., P. 48

80. Ibid., P. 48

81. Dr. Gordery child, “ New Light on the most Ancient East”,

P. 276

82. Ramachandra Rao, Op. cit., P.30

83. Ibid., P.51

84. Ibid., P. 53

85. Ibid., P. 54

86. Das Gupta, “ Hindu Shrines”, P. 42

87. Ibid., P. 43

88. Ibid., P. 46

89. Ibid., P. 49

90. Andrew sang. I, “ Myth, Ritual and Religion”. PP. 49-59

91. Ibid., P. 49

92. Ibid., P. 49

93. Ibid., P. 49

94. Bishop. H, “ Indian Thought” P. 49

95. Ibid., P. 69.

96. Bradly. C, “ Ideals of Religion”, P. 176.

97. Andarew sang. I, Op. cit., P. 61

98. Ibid., P. 61

99. Bose. D.N, “ Tantra – Their Philosophy and occult series”,

P.112.

100. Donald. A. Mekenzie, “ Indian myth and Legends” , P.67.

101. Ibid., P. 67

102. Bose. D.N, Op.cit., P.113

103. Ibid., P. 113

CHAPTER – IV

1. James Hastings, “ Encyclopaedia of Religon and Ethics”,

vol.12, P.141.

2. Ibid., P. 142.

3. Guenon, “ The Treasury of Traditional wisdom”, P. 314.

4. Ibid.,P. 315.

5. Coomarasamy.A.K “ The Christion and Oriental or True

philosophy of Art”, P. 50.

6. Ghazali. A.L, “ The Treausry of Traditional Wisdom”, P.318.

7. Donysus, Op. cit., P. 318.

8. Mohammed Nabi, Ouran XIV, P.25

9. Abbie Suger, “ The Treasury of Traditional Wistom”. P. 319.

10. Iban-al- Farid, “ The Treasury of Traditional Wisdom”, P. 287

11. Plotinus, “ The Treasury of Traditional Wisdom”, P. 321.

12. Lamblichus, “ The Treasury of Traditional Wisdom”. P. 322.

13. Geber, “ The Treasury of Traditional wisdom”, P. 341.

14. Insance – iden- Lalif, “ The treasury of Traditional Wisdom”,

P. 327.

15. Plato, “ The treasury of Traditional Wisdom”, P. 327.

16. Maximus Tyre, “ The Treasury of Traditional Wisdom”, P. 328.

17. Ibid., P. 328.

18. Ibid.,., P. 329

19. Ibid., P. 329

20. Eckhart, “ The Treasury of Traditional Wisdom”, P. 329.

21. Ibid.,. P. 23

22. Lamblichus, Op. cit., P. 313,

23. Ibid., P. 314.

24. Ibid., P. 314.

25. Roth. W.E, “ Introductory study of Arts crafls and customs of

the Indians”, P. 354.

26. Ibid., P. 354

27. Pott. P.H, “ Yoga and Yantra”, P.192.

28. Ibid., P. 197

29. Ibid., P. 198

30. Ibid., P. 198

31. Accharya Prasanna Kumar, “ The Philosophy of Deities”, P.35.

32. Ibid.,P. 38

33. Ibid.,P. 39

34. Ibid.,. P. 39

35. Enayclopaedia of Religion and Ethics. Op. cit., P. 142.

36. Wolffin. H, “ Principle of Art History”, P. 237

37. Carl Lumboltz “ Symbolism of the Indians”, P. 125

38. Kroeber, “ The Arplo Bulletin”, Vol. XXVIII, P.P. 38. 40.

39. Leslie spire, “ Anthropological papers”, Vol. XVI, 1921. P. 457.

40. Ibid., P. 457

41. Holmes. W.H, “ origin and Development of form and

ornament in Art”, P.63.

42. Similar images depicting the Divine mother Durga vanguishing

the dark faced A. sura and popularly worshipped also in Bengal

every year in – autum.

43. Banarjia. J.N, “ Elements of Hindu Conography”. P.134.

44. Plato, Op. cit., PP 371 - 372

45. Hocking, “ The Meaning of God in Hindu Experience”, P. 321.

46. Ibid., PP. 324 - 325

47. Sir Mad Bhagavandam, IXth capter.

48. Ibid., IXth capter

49. Ramopanisad Agarwal, “ Gaek Watt’s oriental series” ,No. 25.

50. Kera, H, “ The Brahat – Sambita of Varahamihira”, P. 17.

51. I bid., P.P. 19-20

52. William Durandus, “ The Treasury of Traditional Wisdom”.

P. 372.

53. Frederic. L, “ The Temples and sculptures of south East

Aisa”, P. 71.

54. Ibid., P. 73.

55. Goetz. H, “ India-Five Thousand years of Inidan Art”, P.97.

56. Ibid., P. 98

57. Harle. J.C, “ Gupta sculpture ” . P. 194.

58. Ibid., P. 194

59. Anesaki, “ Buddhist Art”, P. 41

60. Bhattacharya Benoytose, “ The Indian Buddhist Iconography ”

P. 314.

61. Ibid., P. 314

62. Patanjali, “ on Panini Versus,” 5.3.99.

63. Vichnot.O., “ Temples de.1’ inde centrale et occidentale,”

P. 63

64. Rawson. P. “ The Art of South East Asia,” P. 141

65. Ibid., P. 141

66. Ibid., P. 141

67. Vastu Sastra – Samaranganasutradhara second edition; Edited

V.S. Agarwal Gaekwad’s oriental seriers 25.

68. Ibid., P.25

69. Popatbhai Ambashankar Mankad, Aparajtaprc has , Series No.

CXV, P.68.

70. Nagari inscriptioin.

71. Ibid.,

72. Harle.J.C., Op. cit., P. 191

73. Coomarasamy A.K, “ Elements of Buddhist 1 conography

Yakshas”, P.117.

74. Patanjali, Op. cit, P.118

75. Karoshti inscription, Archoological survey of Indian.

76. Yazadanai. G, “ History of the Deccan”, Vol. I, P. 45.

77. Marshall.J.H., “ The Buddhist Art of Gandhara”, P. 119.

78. Agarwal. V.S, Op. cit., P.117

79. Zimmer. H, “ Myths and symbols in Indian Art and

Civilisation”, P.46.

80. Thomas. S. Khun, “ The Structure of scientific Revolution”,

P. 100.

81. Lian Hudson, “ Criticism and Growth of Knowledge ,“ P. 81.

82. Zimmer. J.H. Op. Cit., P.82

83. There is a pretty legend concerning Pygmalion, the clever Greek

Sculptor. He Once made an image of a woman in stone, and it

was so life-Like that he at once madly fell in Love with the

woman stone. The love that he bore to this stave was so

intensive and genuine that Venus took pity on him and infused

life to the statve. The sculptor married her and lived with he

happily. The Legend has a point. The image that serves as an

icon must be artistically perfect and realistic; It must have a

profound appeal to the on Looker or the devotee. And it must be

meaningful to him .

84. Soundarrajan.K, “ The Matrix of South India Architecture

Journal of Indian History” , Vol. XI. No. 129, P.1.

85. Rig – Veda, 10.10.130.

86. Rig – Veda, 6.28.6.

87. Danielon. A, “Hindu Polytheism,” P. 64.

88. Sharma. D.S, Op. cit., P. 63.

89. Ibid., P. 64.

90. Mahadevan. T.M.P, “ Outlines of Hindusim”, P. 261

91. All port. G.W, “Attitudes”, P. 161.

92. Banerijea. J.N, Op. cit., P. 36.

93. Ibid., P. 36

94. Young. K. “ The psychology of hyms”, The Journal of

Abnormal, and social physiology. P. 297.

95. Na – Siva - bhu+va Sivam Pujajet.

96. Zimmer. H. Op.cit., P. 197

97. Mallayya. N.V, “ Studies in sanskrit texts on temple

Architecture”, P. 4

98. Keru. H, Brhat – Samhita of Varahamihira journal of Royal Asiatik

society – New – series IV London, 1873.

99. Here J.C. Op.cit., P. 243.

100. Mookerji. R.K,“Notes on the origin of the Buddha image”.

P. 241.

101. Saraswathi S.K.A, “Survey of Indian Sculpture”, P. 63.

102. Maharaya – illa – e.g. Ganapathi and Paravasudeva.

103 Podmasana e.g. Mukambika, Lakshmi, Saraswathi, Brahma,

Tirtankara and Buddha.

104. Vahama – e.g. Ganesh on the agitator.

105. Yoga patta. e.g. Yoga Narasimha Dhakshinamoorthi and Sasta.

106. Kunetitha Pada-e.g. Sadasiva, Sambara, Dhakshinamoorthy,

Lakshimi, Narasimha, Lakshminarayana and Lalitha.

107. Vishnu for instance with Bhu-devi, the goddess of earth, and

Sridevi, the Goddess of Wealth ; Ganapathi with Siddhi i.e.

success and Bhuddhi – i.e. Wisdom;

108. Several Vishnu and Siva icons answer to this descriptions; para –

Vasudeva, Yoga – Narasimha, Balakrishna, Venu – Gopala,

Kevala – Hayagrick, Srinivasa, Dhanavantari, Bhairava, Sasta

and Sarabheswara.

109. Subramani with Deva sen, pers onified army and valli and human

spone; and Krishna Ruk mani and Satya bama.

110. Tri – bhanga – means. The Phunb – line pass through one of the

eye pupilc and descends to be middle of the chest and then it

passes through one side of the navel, right of Left, and finally

comes down to he heads.

111. Kaliya – Krishna, dancing on the hood of the dragon kaliya,

Navanitha – Krishna dancing with balls of the butter in one hand

or in both hands.

112. Frederic . R , Op. cit., P-9

113. Ranganatha in Srirangam, Anaatha Sayana in Trivendrum, and

Seshasayana terracotta in the 5th cent. temple at Bhitargaon an

relief in stone from Deogarh 6th cent A.D.

114. Lotus, Tortoise, Peacock, Cocklion, Heroic, Firm Free, Cow head

and Tantric diagram.

115. Various forms in circular, rectangular traingular, octogonal,

hexagonal and so on

116. Brown. D, “A study of Religious Belief, The British Journal

of Psychology,” 1992 P. 259.

117. Dichi. C.G, “ Instrument and purpose “ P.146.

118. Zimmer, Op. cit., P. 233

119. Keru. H, “The Brhat – Samhita of Varaha minira”, P-312

120. Ibid., P-312

121 Ibid., P-315

122 Ibid., P-316

123. Ibid., P-316

124. Zimmer. H, Op. cit., P. 321

125. Ibid., P.321

126. Keru. H. Op.cit., P. 321

127. Ibid., P.321

128. Flahelty. W, “Hindu myths “ P. 266

129. Keru. H. Op. cit., P. 324

130. Ibid., P. 324

131. Ibid., P.234

132. “ hydaye kuru Samvasam sriya Saha” Jagatpate

133. Bhattacharya Jarapad, Conons of Indian Art – A study on

vastuvidya 2nd

edition, P. 81.

134. Ibid., P. 81

134 A. Sokkalingam. A. Aalayangalin Utporul Vilakkam., P

135. Katha upanished, 2,3,1

136. Editor Vinayak Ganesh Apt, ‘Kasyapasila Anantaram’ P. 71.

137. Katakabhusana, “Govt. Oriental manuscript Library Madras

Mss”, No.3486.

138. Ibid., P. 97.

139. Ibid., P. 98

140. Ibid., P. 98

141. Ibid., P. 12

142. Suprabhedagama, Govt. oriental manuscript Library, Madras,

D.No. 15557.

143. S.Krishnasamy. Aiyangar, “The Antiguities of Mahabalipuram

Indian Antiguary”, XLV. 1917. P. 49.

144. Ibid., P. 50

145. The Sanskrit word for the banner or flag is dhvaja means

whatever is raised.

146. Mahabaratha -1, 33, 17.

147. Karanagama.“Govt. Oriental manuscript Library”, Nss.

No.12966.

148. Prasannakumar, "Silpa – Ratha", P. 108.

149. V. Ragunatha Chakravarthi, Sri, Vimanarcanakalpa Tripath,

P. 45.

150. It.Daniel Smith, Padma Samhita, Government oriental

manuscript Library,Madras 1963 P.12.

151. James fergussion, “History of Indian and Eastern

Architecture”. P. 303.

152. Ibid., P. 322

153. Ibid., P. 323

154. Beal, Buddhist Record Vol. ii, PP 136-137

155. Ibid., PP 136-137

156 Battacharya Tarpad, “Connons of India Ars A Studyon

Vastuvidya 2th

Edition”, P. 316

157. Vimyate, vedic commentator Sayana refers to the fire God, Agni,

who bestowd benefits on the performers of sacrifiee.

158. Battacharya Tarpad, Op. cit., p. 364.

159. Ibid., P. 365.

160. Canonical text – series Aparajitta paripricchn and diparnava,

P. 42.

161. Ibid., P. 42.

162. Ibid., P. 43

163. Padma Vari – the Lotus.

164. Kumude vari – The Kumude is the blue water – bixly that blooms

when the moon if up.

164A. Sokkalingam. A. Op. Cit .P

CHAPTER - V

1. Singaravelu. C.N, “ Saiva Siddhanta in Hindu

Philosophy”,Truth, P.50

2. Ibid., P.55

3. Rev. W. Govdie. There is no school of though and the system of

faith or worship that comes to use with anything like claim of

Saiva Siddhanta.

4. Gautama Nyaya Sutra, 1.26

5. Ibid., 1.26

6. Devasenapathi, V.A. “ Invitation to saiva Siddhanta

Perspectives of theism and Absoivtism in Indian

Philosophy”, P.22

7. Navaratham, “ Saiva Siddhanta”, P. 22

8. Ibid., P.22

9. Ibid., P.22

10. Ibid., P.22

11. Ibid., P.22

12. Kollappa pillai. R, Op.cit., P.49

13. Sivaraman. K, “ Saivisam in philosophical Peospectives” P.1

14. Murugavel. N.R, “ Saiva Siddhanta (Tamil ) ”, P.P. 326 –330.

15 Ibid., P.P. 326 –330.

16. Ibid., P.P. 326 –330.

17. Ibid., P.P. 326 –330.

18. Ibid., P.P. 326 –330.

19. Ibid., P.P. 326 –330.

20. Ibid., P.P. 326 –330

21. Allan. J, Catalogue of coins of ancient India. ( in the British

Muesium)", P.124 etc. PL XVI ; PL XIV4 etc.,

22. Banerji, “Development of Hindu Iconography, “

DHI 2nd

Edition, PP.113, 118.

PL I fig. 15-7 HCIP Vol. V.P. 563

23. Indian Archealogy – 1957 -58, P. 54.

24. Epigraphic Indian, Vol. X, PP 71-72. It appears from the record

that, Prithivisvara Sivalinga was put in to a subsidiary shrines

inside the enclosure of the bigger one of the Lord.

25. Indian Archealogy, 1954- 1955,P. 28

EP. Ind.Vol. XXX.11. 1957 (5a) P.112

26. ASR. Vol. XXI, P.P. 96-97. PRASI – WC1919 Pls XV-XVI- P. 61.

27. Baneriji. R.D, “ The Siva temple at Bhumara Masi ”, P. 16.

28. Ibid., P.16

29. George Micell, “ The Hindu Temple” P. 131

30. Ibid., P. 132

31. Longhurst, “ Pallava Architecture MASI ” No.40, Part III PP. 15-16.

32. Ibid., P.16

33. George Michel, Op. cit., P.132

34. Ibid., P. 132

35. Longhurst, Op. cit., PP. 17-18

36. Longhurst. A.H, “ Pallava Architecture – Part – III”, 13, 17 & 40.

37. Ibid., P-13

38 Ibid., P.13

39. Henry Cousen, “ Chalukyan Architecture”, P. 60.

40. Ibid., P. 62

41. George mechell Op. cit., P.100.

42. Fergurson, “ Cave Temple”, PP. 467-468.

43. George michell, Op. cit., P.100

44. Nilakanta Sastri. K.A, “ The Cholas 2nd

Edition”, PP 710-713

45. Percy Brown, “ Indian Architecture”, P-114

46. Percy Brown, Op. cit., P. 117.

47. George Michell, Op.cit., P. 146

48. Nilakanta Sastri. K.A, Op. cit., P. 654

49. E.B.Havel, “The Ancient and Medieval Architecture of India”,

P. 203

50. ASI – AR- 1909 -1910, P. 18 ft. and plates.

51. Banergea. J.N, Arts Asiatigves – Artictes on the so-called

Trimurthi of Elephanta – tome V, 1955-1956.

52. Todd annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan – William Crookers,

edition P.P 601-602. Todd records some details of interest

about the priests of Ekaling a and writes that, the Ranas of

Mewar as the Dewans or vice regents of Siva. When they Visit

tempel. Supersede the high priest in his duties and

perform the ceremonies. Which the reigning prince does

with peculiar correctness and grace.

53. Ibid., P. 600

54. Ibid., P. 601

55. The term and rika means circumambulatory path. Slipa texts

such as A parajita Prichchha and Samarang nasutradhara Signi

fies the term as pradikshina Path.

56. Jeannine Auboyer and Elikey Zannas. Khajuraho, P. 100

57. Ibid., P.100

58. Ibid., P.104

59. Saraswathi. S.K, “ History and culture of Indian people,”Vol. V.

PP. 590- 592.

60. Ibid., P. 593

61. The description of Mahadeva and some of the temple is based on

S.K. Saraswathi’s account of them in his chapter on Architective

in this History and culture of the Indian people. Vol. V. P. 592.

62. Orissa has been the land par-excellence of the different

Brahmanical religions. The five creeds of vaishnava, Siva,

Sakta, Saura and Ganapatya was Localised in five different

regions of the state; these are respectively, the purushothma –

Ksherta, Ekamara – Kshetra, Viraja – Kshetra (Jaipur), Arka –

Kshetra (Konarak), and Ganapati Kshetra (Mahavinayaka

Parvata of Kapilas Road Station on the South Eastern Railway) .

63. George Michell, Op. cit., PP 109-110.

64. Saraswathi. S.K, Op. cit., P. 592.

65. It may be noted in this connection that the figure of Lakulisa and

those of his four disciples are carved in a side which on the

outside wall of the sisiresvara temple in the way in which Buddha

is shown in the great miracle of Sravasti in mediaeval Buddhist

reliefs.

66. Coomarasamy. A.K., Op. cit., P. 135.

67. Saraswathi. S.K, Op. cit., PP 590-592.

68. Panigrahi.K.G,“Archealogical Remainat Bhuvanesware”, P.

216.

69. Pathak. V.S, “Pradyumnesvara Motif in the sena period JAS

Latters” Vol. XXII, 1956, P. 67.

70. Ibid., P. 68

71. Ibid., P. 70

72. J.D. Beglar in ASR Vol. VIII, PP 152, 153

73. Ibid., P. 153

74. Ibid., P.152

75. Ibid., P.152

76. Ibid., P.153

77. DHB Vol. I.PP. 410-411 states that the Archaranga sutra tells us

that mahavira was not well received in the Radha country. But

there is mentiion in the Divyavadhava that the Nirgrantha religion

was established in Pundravardhana in Ashoka’s time. The Jaina

Kalpa-Sutra record the tradition about the three saktha’s of the

Godasa – gana founded by Godasa, a disciple of Bhadrababu a

contemporary of Chandraguptha mauriya; these’s were

Temvaliptika Kotivarshiya and pundravardhania, connected with

three well known places in Bengal, two in north Bengal and one in

the south.

78. Swaminathan. A, Hindu Religion (It is growth, ethics and

culture)

P.P.59-64