πëqædG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 16 A∂lv ......`mKw 14 πëqædG IQƒ S A≤ymbw 16 A∂lv¬ Q Q ˜

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`mKw 14 πëqædG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 16 A∂lv¬QwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwE

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16. kqdXp-∂lv¬a°-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 128 ˛ hn`mKw (dp-Iq-Dv) 16

πëqædG IQƒ°Sll;l;l;l;l;;

ll;l;l;l;l;; l;

l;

[110, 126, 127 F∂o aq∂v hN-\-ßƒ aZo-\-bn¬ DlvZv bp≤w Ign™ DSs\Ah-X-cn-®-Xm-sW∂v ]d-b-s∏-´n-´p≠v.]

68˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ tX\o-®-sb-°p-dn®p ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v CXn\v"kqd-Xp-∂lv¬' F∂p t]cv ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. a\p-jy¿°v A√mlp sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hf-sc-b-[nIw A\p-K-l-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-XvsIm≠v

º©ædG IQƒ°S (A\p-K-l-ß-fpsS A≤ymbw) F∂pw CXn\v t]cp≠v.

]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-\m-a-Øn¬.

[ 1] (CXm) A√m-lp -hns‚Iev]\ h∂p (t]mbn)! AXn-\m¬,AXn\v \nßƒ [rXn-s∏-tS≠.

Ah¿ (Ah-t\mSv) ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw Ah≥ alm-]-cn-ip-≤≥! Ah≥ AXyp-∂-X-\p-am-bn-cn-°p∂p!

[1] h∂p, h∂n-cn-°p∂p A√m-lp-hns‚ Iev]\, Imcyw

AXn-\m¬ (F∂m¬) \nß-f-Xn\v [rXn-Iq-t´≠ Ah≥ alm ]cn-ip-≤≥

(Ah\v kvtXmXw) Ah≥ AXyp-∂Xn ]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p.

AXyp-∂-X-\p-am-Ip∂p Ah¿ ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v

(A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\) sIm≠v hnh£ A¥y-k-abw (ánYÉn°ùdG) BsW-

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∂sX A[nI hymJym-Xm-°fpw ]d-bp-∂Xv. Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v hmKvZØw sNø-s∏´ in£-bm-sW∂pw, I¿a-ßƒ°p≈ ]Xn-^e \S-]-Sn-bm-sW∂pw A`n-]m-b-ß-fp≠v. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu aq∂pw Htc kmc-Øn¬ Iem-in-°p∂hbm-Ip∂p.

kqd-Øp¬ Iza-dns‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ (A¥y-k-abw ASp-Øp-h∂p)

F∂pw, kq: A≥_n-bm-Cs‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ (a\p-jy¿°v Ah-

cpsS hnNm-cW ASp-Øp-h-∂n-cn-°p∂p) F∂p-sams° Ah-X-cn-°p-Ibpw kXy-\n-tj-[-Øn¬ \n∂v aS-ßm-Ø-]£w A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v in£ A\p- -h-s∏-Sp-sa∂v\_n˜ Xm°oXv \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ, CsXms° kXy-am-sW-¶n¬ F¥p-sIm≠v AsXm∂pw kw -hn-°p-∂n-s√∂v Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. AXn-s\mcp adp-]-Sn-bm-WnXv.

A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "Ah¿ \nt∂mSv in£°v [rXn-Iq-´p∂p. \n¿W-bn-°-s∏´Hc-h[n C√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah¿°v in£ (Ct∏mƒXs∂) hcp-am-bn-cp∂p. Ah¿Adn-bmØ \ne-bn¬ AX-h¿°v s]s´∂v hs∂-ØpI Xs∂ sNøpw. Ah¿\nt∂mSv in£°v [rXn-Iq-´p∂p. \n›-b-ambpw, \cIw Ahn-izm-kn-Isf hebwsNøp-∂-Xp-am-Ip∂p.' (A≥I_qØv: 53,54) ho≠pw ]d-bp∂p: "AXn¬ (A¥y-k-a-b-Øn¬) hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ AXn\v [rXn-Iq-´p∂p. hniz-kn-®-h-cm-Is´, AXn-s\-°p-dn®v b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-am-Ip∂p. AXv bYm¿Y-am-sW∂v Ah¿ Adn-bp-Ibpw sNøpw.'(iqd : 18.) Cu [rXn-Iq-´-en\v A√mlp \¬Inb adp-]-Sn-bpsS kmcw CXmWv:"A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\ CXm h∂p Ign™p. AXn\v hf-sc-sbm∂pw Xma-k-an√.AXv hcm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bp-an√. F∂m¬, AXn-s\mcp Ah-[n-bp≠v. AXv hcp-tºm-gm-WXv kw -hn-°pI. AXn\v [rXn-Iq-t´≠ Bh-iy-an√. [rXn-Iq- p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v tZmj-a-√msX kw`-hn-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂p-an√.

A√m-lp-hn\v ]¶p-Imsc k¶¬]n-®p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂mWv Ah-cpsS ta¬kqNn-∏n® [rXn-Iq-´epw \ntj-[hpw DS-se-Sp-°p-∂Xv. Ah-cpsS ssZh-ßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ in£-bn¬ \n∂v Ahsc c£n-°p-sa∂pw Ah¿ [cn-®p-h-cp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hn\v ]¶p-Im¿ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-sb∂ Imcyw Xs∂ Akw-`-hy-am-sW∂pw AXn¬ \n∂pw FXtbm ]cn-ip-≤\pw D∂-X-\p-amWv A√m-lp-sh∂pw

Ahsc Hm¿an-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. ( )

[2] Ahs‚ ASn-bm≥am-cn¬\n∂v Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h-cp-sS-ta¬ Ahs‚ I¬]-\-bm-Ip∂Bflmhp (AYhm Poh\p)ambnAh≥ ae-°p-Isf Cd-°p∂p;AXm-bXv, Rm\-√msX Hcp Bcm-[y -\p -an√; AXn -\m¬ \nßƒFs∂ kq£n-®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥ F∂v(P\-ßsf) Xm°oXv sNø-W-sa∂v.

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[2] Ah≥ Cd-°p∂p ae-°p-Isf Bflmhv (Poh\p)ambn

Ahs‚ Iev]-\-bm-Ip∂, I¬]-\-bn¬ \n∂v bmsXmcph-cp-sS-ta¬,

Nne¿°v Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p∂p Ahs‚ ASn-bm≥am-cn¬ \n∂v

\nßƒ Xm°oXv sNøp-sa∂v Hcp Bcm-[y-\p-an-s√∂v Rm\-√msX

AXn-\m¬ Fs∂ \nßƒ kq£n-°p-hn≥

"Bflmhv, Poh≥, Poh v' Fs∂m-s°-bmWv ìhoQ (dqlv) F∂ ]Z-Øn-\¿∞w.

A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\-Ifpw ktµ-i-ß-fp-am-Ip∂ "hlvbm'Wv ChnsS AXvsIm-≠p-t±-in-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv. lrZ-b-ßƒ°v Poh pw, Bflm-°ƒ°v ssNX-\yhpw\¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wt√m Ah. 40:15, 45:52 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnepw Cu ]Zw CXp-t]m-se-bp≈A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp ImWmw. ]hm-N-I-Xzhpw hlvbpw e`n-°p-∂Xv Bcp-sSbpw tbmKy-X-IƒsImt≠m iaw-sImt≠m A√. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-Klw sIm≠v amX-amWv. AXmWv "Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h-cn¬ Ah≥ ae-°p-Isf Cd-°p∂psh∂v' Cu hmIy-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv. ae-°p-IƒaptJ\ amXta \_n-am¿°v hlvbv \¬I-s∏-Sm-dp-≈p-sh∂v Cu hmIy-Øn¬ \n∂va\- n-em-°n-°qSm. hlvbns‚ C\-ßƒ thsdbpw D≠v F∂v kq: iqdm 51˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv. IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-Øn\v AhnsS t\m°pI.

[3] BIm-i-ß-sfbpw, `qan-sbbpw Ah≥ bYm¿Y (apd)]Imcw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p. Ah¿(Ah-t\mSv) ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw Ah≥ AXyp-∂-X-\m-bn-cn-°p∂p.

[4] a\p-jys\ Ah≥ Hcp Cµn-b-Øp-≈n-bn¬\n∂p krjvSn®p.F∂n v Ah≥ (AXm)]Xy-£-amb

[3] Ah≥ krjvSn®p. BIm-i-ßsf `qan-sbbpw

bYm¿∞ ]Imcw Ah≥ AXyp-∂-X-\mbn (hfsc tase-bmbn)cn°p∂p

Ah¿ ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v [4] a\p-jys\ Ah≥

krjvSn®p Hcp Cµn-b-Øp-≈n-bn¬ \n∂v, Cµn-b-Øm¬ F∂n´v

Ah≥ (AXm) Hcp FXn¿hmZn ]Xy£ (kv]jvS)amb

A√m-lp-h-√msX Bcm-[y-\n-s√∂v XpSßn Ign™ hN-\-ß-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn®bmYm¿Yy-ßƒ°v Nne ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-I-bmWv. BIm-i- q-an-I-sfbpw a\p-jy-s\bpw krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-bXpw, hyh-ÿm-]n-X-amb apd-bn¬ Ah-sb√mw \nb-

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¥n-®p-t]m-cp-∂Xpw Ah-\m-bn-cns°, Ahs‚ A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ß-fn¬ Ah\v]¶m-fn-Itfm, ka≥amtcm Bbn thsd Bcpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√t√m.tIhew \n m-c-amb Hcp Cµn-b-Øp-≈n-bn¬ \n∂pw Ah≥ krjvSn-®p-≠m-°nba\p-jy≥ Ah-t\mSv \µnbpw Iqdp-an-√msX, A√m-lp-hns\ [n°-cn-°p-∂Xv hntcm-[m-`m-khpw B›-cy-I-c-hp-am-sW∂pw, a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ D¤-h-sØ-∏‰n th≠-t]mse Nn¥n-°p-∂-]£w AX-h\v t_m[y-am-Ip-∂-Xm-sW-∂pamWv 4˛mw hN-\-Ønse kqN\. A√m-lp-hns‚ aln-X-a-l-Xzhpw, GI-Xzhpw, a\p-jy¿°v Ah≥sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ A\p-K-l-ßfpw Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂ Nne hkvXp-XI-f-mWvASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬:

[ 5] Imen-I-sfbpw (Xs∂)Ah≥ krjvSn -®n -cn -°p∂p.\nßƒ°v Ah-bn¬ (XWp-∏n¬\n∂v) NqSp-\¬Iepw, (a‰p) ]tbm-P-\-ß-fp-ap≠v. Ah-bn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ \nßƒ Xn∂p -IbpwsNøp∂p.

[6] \nßƒ (sshIp-t∂cw)hni-a-Øn\v sIm≠p-h-cp∂ ka-bØpw, (cmhnse) tabm≥hn-Sp∂ka-bØpw \nßƒ°v AXn¬ Hcp`wKn-bp-ap≠v.

[ 7] tZl-ßƒ (£oWn®p)sRcp-ßn-s°m-≠-√msX, \nßƒAhnsS FØn-t®-cp-∂-h-c√, (Aß-s\-bp≈) Hcp \m´n-te°v Ah\nß-fpsS `mc-ßƒ (NpaSv) hln-®p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂p. \n›-b-ambpw, \nß-fpsS d∫v (hfsc)Ir]m-ephpw, Icp-Wm-\n -[nbpwXs∂.

[8] IpXn-c-I-sfbpw, tImh¿ Igp-X-I-sfbpw, Igp-X-I-sfbpw (Ah≥krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p); ˛ \nßƒ°vAhsb (hml-\-am°n) khmcnsNbvhm≥ th≠nbpw, Ae-¶m-c-Øn∂pw. \nßƒ°v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-ØXpw Ah≥ krjvSn-°p∂p.

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[5] Imen-I-sfbpw (Xs∂) Ahsb Ah≥ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p

\nßƒ°p≠v Ah-bn¬ NqSp \¬I¬, ssiXy-i-a\w ]e

]tbm-P\ (D]-Imc)ßfpw Ah-bn¬ \n∂v (Xs∂) \nßƒ Xn∂p-

Ibpw sNøp∂p [6] \nßƒ°p≠v Ah-bn¬ kuµcyw, `wKn

ka-bØv \nßƒ hni-a-Øn\v (Be-bn-te°v) sIm≠p-h-cp∂

ka-bØpw \nßƒ tabm≥ hnSp∂ [7] Ah hln-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw. \nß-fpsS `mc-ßsf Hcp cmPy-tØ°v, \m´n-te°v

\nß-fm-bn-cp-∂n√ AhnsS FØn-t®-cp-∂-h¿ sRcp°w

(_p≤n-ap´v ]bmkw) sIm≠-√msX tZl-ß-fpsS \n›-b-ambpw

\nß-fpsS d∫v Zbm-ep-Xs∂, Ir]-bp-≈-h≥ Xs∂ Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv

[8] IpXnc (Isf)bpw tImh¿ Igp-X-I-sfbpw Igp-X-I-

sfbpw \nß-f-hsb khmcn sNbvhm≥ th≠n, ]pd-tØ-dp-hm≥

`wKn°pw, kuµcy (Ae-¶mc)Øn\mbpw Ah≥ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

\nßƒ(°v) Adn-bm-Ø-Xns\

Imen-Isf a\p-jys‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn-\mbn krjvSn-°p-Ibpw, \nXym-h-iy-ß-fmb]e Imcy-ßƒ°pw Ahsb D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpI hgnA√mlp sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ A\p-K-l-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-°p-I-bmWv. Imen-Iƒaqew e`n-°p-∂-Xmbn ChnsS FSp-Øp-]-d-b-s∏´ D]-Im-c-ßƒ Ch-bsX.

(1) XWp-∏n¬ \n∂pw c£In-´p-amdv NqSv -\¬Ip∂ hkvXp-°ƒ Ah-bn¬ \n∂pe`n-°p∂p. tcmaw-sIm≠pw, tXm¬sIm≠pw D≠m-°-s∏-Sp∂ hkvXw, ]pX∏v, Xºv,]mZ-c£ apX-e-mb-h-bmWv CXp-sIm-≠p-t±iyw. ssiXy-Im-eØpw ssiXy-]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw Ch-bpsS Bhiyw ]d-tb-≠-Xp-an√.

(2) hni-∏n\v `£-Whpw Zml-Øn\v ]m\o-b-hp-amb ]m¬, Hcp kp]-[m\ [\m-Ka am¿K-amb Ah-bpsS k¥-Xn-Iƒ XpS-ßnb a‰p ]e D]-Im-c-ßƒ.

(3) `£y-h-kvXp-°-fn¬ Hcp ][m\ ÿm\w I¬]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ amwkw.

(4) ta®n¬ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ \n∂v sshIp-t∂cw Be-I-fn-te°v hni-a-Øn\psIm≠p-h-cp-tºmgpw, cmhnse Be-bn¬ \n∂v hn´p ta®n¬ÿm-\-ß-fn-te°vsIm≠p-t]m-Ip-tºmgpw, hninjym DS-a-ÿ¿°v, D≠m-Ip∂ IuXp-Ihpw B\-µhpw.Cu hnjbw ]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-b-Ø-°-hÆw Imcy-amb Hcp ]tbm-P-\-amtWmF∂v kwi-bn-°-s∏Spw? sFlnI hn`-h-ß-fpsS B[n-Iy-Ønepw A`n-hr-≤n-bnepwa\p-jy-\p≈ Bth-ihpw, Xm¬]-cyhpw, A`n-am-\hpw Bscbpw ]d-™-dn-bn-t°-≠-Xm-bn-´n√. a\p-jy≥ Imen-h-f¿Øp-∂-sX√mw Ahsb X\n°p `£n-°p-hm≥th≠ntbm, at‰-sX-¶nepw hn[-Øn¬ kzbw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ th≠ntbmBtWm? A√. AXm-bn-cp∂p Imen-h-f¿Ø-ens‚ e£y-sa-¶n¬ kz¥m-h-iy-ßƒ°v- th-≠p∂ ]cn-an-X-amb Hc-f-hn¬ Ihn™p Bcpw Imen-Isf hf¿Øp-am-

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bn-cp-∂n√. Bbncw H´-I-ap-≈-h≥ AXv c≠m-bn-c-am-°p-hm\pw, ]Xn-\m-bncw BSp-I-fp-≈-h≥ AXv Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-am-°p-hm\pw, e£-°-W-°n¬ Ddp-∏n-I-bpsS hyh-kmbw \S-Øp-∂-h≥ AXv tImSn-°-W-°n¬ hf¿Øp-hm\pw cm∏-I¬ an\-s°-Sp-∂Xv Ah-aqew e`n-°p∂ AgIpw tamSnbpw I≠m-\-µn-°p-hm-\-√msX as‰-¥n-\mWv?! Cu ]tbm-P\w FSp-Øp-]-d-™-Xn¬ \n∂v as‰mcp kwKXn IqSn a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ km[n°pw. kº-Øns‚ h¿[-\hv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ \n∂p≈Hcp A\p-K-l-am-sW∂pw, A√mlp \n›-bn® Ah-Im-i-ßfpw IS-∏m-Sp-Ifpw ]men-®p-sIm≠v AXn¬ \µn ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-]£w AXp-aqew hºn® ]pWyw kºm-Zn-°p-hm≥ AXv ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-am-WXv.

(5) tZlm-≤zm-\tam, _p≤n-apt´m IqSmsX mc-s∏´ Npa-Sp-Iƒ Zqc-tZ-i-ß-fn-te°vFØn-°pI. b¥o-IrX hml-\-ßƒ°v k¿∆X ]Nmcw kn≤n-®n-´p≈ C°m-e-Øvt]mepw Nne cmPy-ß-fn¬ `mc-ßƒ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ Imen-Isf˛ hnti-jn®pw H´-I-ßsf˛ Bi-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. H´-I-∏p-dØv amX-a√, amSp-I-fpsS]pdØpw, amSp-h-≠n-Iƒ hgnbpw, BSp-h-≠n-Iƒ hgnbpw kmam-\-ßƒ sIm≠p-t]m-IpI ]e cmPy-ß-fnepw ]Xn-hp≠v. b¥-hm-l-\-ßƒ I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\v-apºv GXp-cm-PyØpw Imen-Isf amXw AXn\v Bi-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-Xm\pw.CXbpw Imcy-ßƒ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-®-tijw, CsX√mw sNbvXp-X-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hn\v a\p-jy-t\m-Sp≈ Ir]bpw Imcp-Wyhpw \nan-Ø-am-sW∂pw, B ÿnXn°va\p-jy≥ Ah-t\mSv \µn-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m-sW∂pw IqSnDW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.

BSp-am-sSm- -I-ß-sf-∏‰n ]kvXm-hn-®-tijw IpXnc, IgpX, IpXn-cbpw Igp-XbpwDW-tN¿∂p P\n-°p∂ tImh¿ IgpX F∂n-hsb khm-cn-°p≈ hml-\-ß-fm°nkrjvSn®p X∂n-´p-≈-Xn-s\bpw, Ah-aqew kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw e`n-°p∂ Ae-¶mc`wKn-sbbpw Ipdn®pw Hm¿an-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p. BSp-am-sSm-´-I-ß-fpsS ]tbm-P-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]kvXm-hn-®-t∏mƒ Ah £y-h-kvXp-°-fm-sW∂v Nq≠n-°m- n-b-Xp-t]mseCu aq∂p arK-ßfpw £y-h-kvXp-°-fmbn A√mlp ]kvXm-hn-®n√. Ahsb hml-\-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\p-≈Xpw Ae-¶m-c-Øn-\p-≈-Xp-am-sW∂v amXsa ]d-™p≈q. AXp-sIm≠v Cu aq∂pw `£n-°p-hm≥ ]mSp-≈-X√ F∂v Nne ]WvUn-X≥am¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p. ]t£, \m´p-I-gp-X-bp-sSbpw, tImh¿I-gp-X-bp-sSbpw amwksØ \_n˜ hntcm-[n-®n-´p-s≠∂pw IpXn-c-amwkw A\p-h-Zn-®n-´ps≠∂pw _e-h-Ømb lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ h∂n-´p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v IpXn-c-amwkw `£n-°p-∂-Xn\v hntcm-[-an-s√-∂mWv `qcn-]£w ]WvUn-X≥am-cp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw.

Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-°p∂ ImeØv Adn-b-s∏-ń-ń-√m-ØXpw, A°m-e-Øp-≈-h¿°v Duln-°p-hm≥t]mepw ]bm-k-am-b-Xp-amb hml-\-ß-fmWv Xoh≠n, hnam\w,b¥-°-∏¬, tamt´m¿hm-l-\-ßƒ apX-em-bh. Ct∏mƒ hmbp-a-WvU-e-Øn-\-∏pdwiq\ym-Im-i-Øn-eqsS k©-cn-°m-hp∂ hml-\-ßfpw, cwK-Øp-h-∂n-cn-°p-I-bmWv.F\nbpw GsX√mw Xc-Øn-ep≈ hml-\-ßƒ I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v ]d-bp-hm≥km[y-a√. Ch-sbms° ]Xy-£-Øn¬ a\p-jy-\n¿an-X-ß-fm-sW-¶nepw Ah \n¿an-°p-hm-\p≈ km[\ kma-Kn-Ifpw, Ah°v cq]w \¬Ip-hm≥ _p≤nbpw, tXm∂epw,kml-N-cy-ß-fp-sa√mw a\p-jy\v \¬Ip-∂Xv A√m-lp-hm-Wt√m. CXp-t]m-se-bp≈

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]e-Xn-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°pw Ah-km\w "\nßƒ°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-ØXpw

Ah≥ krjvSn-°p∂p ( ) F∂v ]d-™Xv.

[9] A√m-lp-hns‚ taemWv(t\cmb) anX-am¿Kw (hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ _m[yX) D≈Xv. AXn¬[am¿K-ß-fn¬] Xs∂ (NneXv) sX‰n-b-Xp-ap≠v.

Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,\nßsf apgp-h≥ Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°pI Xs∂ sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p.

[9] A√m-lp-hn-s‚-ta-emWv (_m[yX) anX-am¿Kw (ImWn-

°¬), am¿Kw hnh-cn-°¬ AXn-ep≠v, AXn¬ Xs∂-bp-ap≠v sX‰n-bXv

Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \nßsf Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-

I-Xs∂ sNbvXn-cp∂p apgp-h≥, F√m-h-scbpw.

_mly-amb am¿K-ß-fn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ hml-\-ß-sf-∏‰n ]kvXm-hn-®-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v B¥-cn-I-amb am¿K-ßƒ IqSn-bp-s≠∂pw, Ah-bn¬ NneXvt\¿°p-t\sc anX-am-bp-≈Xpw NneXv sX‰n hf-™-p-sIm-≠p-≈Xpap-s≠∂pwt\cmb am¿K-Øn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-∂-sX-ßn-s\-bm-sW∂v hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°¬A√m-lp-hns‚ _m[y-X-bm-sW∂pw, AYhm AXmWv Izp¿-B-\n-eq-sSbpw ]hm-N-I-\n-eq-sSbpw Ah≥ \¬In hcp∂ am¿K-Z¿i-\-ßƒ F∂p-sams° Nq≠n-°m-´p-I-bmWv.

_mly-amb sFln-I-hn-j-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-tºmƒ, AtXm-Sp-tN¿∂v B¥-cnI-amb [m¿anI hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Hm¿a-s∏-Sp-ØpI Nne-t∏m-sg√mw Izp¿-Bs‚]Xn-hm-Ip∂p. l÷v bmX-I-fn¬ `£Ww apX-emb bmXm-kmam-\-ßƒ Hcp-°n-

s°m-≈p-hm≥ D]-tZ-in-®-t∏mƒ "bmXm-km-am-\-ß-fn¬ sh®p

DØ-a-am-bXv b- -‡n-bmWv.' (2:197) F∂pw, \Kv\X ad-°p-hm-\p≈ hkvXw \¬In-

b-Xn-s\-∏‰n ]kvXm-hn-®-t∏mƒ "`b- -‡n-bm-Ip∂ hkvX-asX

G‰hpw DØ-a-am-bXv.' (7:26) F∂pw a‰pw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv CXn\v DZm-l-c-W-am-Ip∂p. A√mlp ImWn-®p-X-cp∂ t\cm-b-am¿K-Øn-eqsS Ncn-°p-∂-hsc amXtaAh≥ k≥am¿K-Øn¬ tN¿°p-I-bp≈q˛F∂-√msX F√m-h-scbpw k≥am¿K-Øn-

em-°p-hm≥ Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-´n√ F∂sX "Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cp-

∂p-sh-¶n¬ \nßsf apgp-h≥ Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-am-bn-cp∂p' F∂ hmIywaptJ\ Adn-bn-°p-∂Xv. (Cu hmIy-Øn-e-S-ßnb kmcm¿Y-ß-sf-∏‰n kqd: A≥Bw149; lqZv 118; amCZx :51; kPZx 13 apX-emb hN-\-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-Ønepw a‰p-ambn ]e-X-hW hnh-cn-®n-´p≠v.

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hn`mKw ˛ 2[10] Ah-\sX, BIm-i-Øv-\n∂v

\nßƒ°v (ag) sh≈w Cd-°n-Ø-∂-h≥. AXn¬ \n∂v (IpSn-°p-hm≥) ]m\o-b-ap-≠m-Ip∂p. AXn¬\n∂v \nßƒ (Imen -Isf)tabv°p∂ (sNSn) ac-ßfpw D≠m-Ip∂p.

[ 11] AXv [sh≈w] aqew\nßƒ°v Irjnbpw, HeohpwCuØ-∏-\bpw, ap¥n-cn-Ifpw Ah≥D¬]m-Zn -∏n®p Xcp∂p; (F∂p-th≠) F√m ^e-h¿K-ß-fn¬\n∂pw (D¬]m-Zn-∏n-®p-X-cp∂p).\n›-b-ambpw, AXn¬ (Hs°bpw)Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v Hcp (hºn®)ZrjvSm-¥-ap≠v.

[10] Ah≥ bmsXm-cp-h-\mWv, Ah-\-sX-sbm-cp-Ø≥ Ah≥

Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v sh≈w \nßƒ°v

AXn-ep≠v, AXn¬ \n∂v (NneXv) D≠m-bn-cn°pw ]m\obw, IpSn-\o¿

AXn-ep≠v, AXn¬ \n∂v (NneXv) ac-ßfpw (D≠v D≠m-bn-cn°pw) AXn¬

\nßƒ tabv°p∂p [11] Ah≥ apf-∏n-°p∂p, D¬]m-Zn-∏n°pw

\nßƒ°v AXvaqew, AXn-\m¬ Irjnsb, hnfsb

Heohpw CuØ-∏-\bpw ap¥n-cn-Ifpw F√m e

(h¿K)ßfn¬ \n∂pw \n›-b-ambpw AXn-ep≠v Hcp ZrjvSm¥w

Hcp P\-X°v Ah¿ Nn¥n-°p∂p

Imen-ar-K-ßƒ aptJ-\-bp≈ A\p-K-l-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-®-tijw ag-sh≈w aptJ-\-bp≈ A\p-K-l-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂p. CsX√mw FSp-sØ-Æn-°m- p-∂-Xns‚ Bh-iy-sa-¥m-sW-∂p-IqSn CS-°nsS A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p.

[ 12] cmXn -sbbpw, ]I-en -s\bpw, kqcy-s\bpw Nµ-s\bpwAh≥ \nßƒ°v hnt[-b-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p. \£-X-ßfpw Ah

2559





s‚ Iev]-\-b-\p-k-cn®v hnt[-b-am-°-s∏-´-h-bmWv.

\n›-b-ambpw, AXn¬(Hs°bpw) _p≤n-sImSp (ØpNn¥n)°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v ]eZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp≠v.

[13] h¿W-ßƒ [C\-ßƒ]

hyXy-kvX-amb \ne-bn¬ `qan-bn¬\nßƒ°v th≠n Ah≥ krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-bn- p-≈-hbpw (hnt[-b-am-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p). \n›-b-ambpw,AXn¬ (Hs°bpw) D‰m-tem-Nn-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v Hcp (hºn®)ZrjvSm-¥-ap≠v.

[12] \nßƒ°-h≥ hnt[-b-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p

cmXnsb ]I-en-s\bpw kqcy-s\bpw Nµ-s\bpw

\£-X-ß-fm-Is´ hnt[-b-am-°-s∏-´-h-bmWv Ahs‚ Iev]\

]Imcw \n›-b-ambpw AXn-ep≠v ]e ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ P\-

ßƒ°v Ah¿ _p≤n-sIm-Sp-°p∂p, Kln-°p∂p [13] Ah≥

krjvSn-®p-≠m-°n-bXpw \nßƒ°v-th≠n `qan-bn¬ hyXy-

kvX-am-bn-s°m≠v AXns‚ h¿W (\nd)ßƒ (C\-ßƒ) \n›-b-

ambpw AXn-ep≠v Hcp ZrjvSm¥w P\-ßƒ°v Ah¿ D‰m-tem-Nn-

°p∂p.

cm∏-I-ep-Iƒ, kqcy-N-µ-\-£-X-ßƒ F∂n-h-sbms° a\p-jy\v hnt[-b-am-°n-Ø-∂n-´p-s≠∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw kqx C_vdmlow: 32, 33 s‚ hymJym-\-Ønepw a‰p-ambn apºv hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. ChnsS AXm-h¿Øn®p hnh-cn-t°-≠-Xn√ "hyXykvX h¿W-ß-fmbn \nßƒ°v th≠n qan-bn¬ krjvSn-®n-´p-≈h' F∂v]d-™-Xn¬, a\p-jy\v D]-Im-c-]-Z-ambn Cu `qan-bn¬ \ne-hn-ep≈ kky-h¿K-ßfpw, Pohh¿K-ß-fp-a-S°w F√m C\-Ønepw s]´ `qhn-`-h-ßƒ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p.Hcp Xc-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp Xc-Øn¬ a\p-jy\v ]tbm-P-\-s∏-SmØ hkvXp-°ƒ Cu `qan-bn¬ Cs√-∂p≈ ]c-am¿Yw C∂v Nn¥-I≥am-cmb ]e imkvX-

⁄≥amcpw hy‡-am-°m-dp-≈-XmWv. ""`qan-bn-ep-

≈Xv apgp-h\pw \nßƒ°v -th≠n krjvSn-®-h-\sX Ah≥.'' (2:29) F∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v Izp¿-B≥ Cu bmYm¿∞yw aptº ]Jym-]n®p Ign-™n-´p-≈-Xp-am-Ip∂p.

\nXy-k-Xy-ß-fmb Cu A\p-K-l-ß-sfms° FSp-Øp]-d™p Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ Dt±-iy-sa-¥m-sW∂v Hmtcm hN-\-Øn-s‚bpw Ah-km-\-Øn¬ A√mlp Nq≠n-

2560





°m-´n-bn-´p-≈Xv i≤n-°pI. AsX, Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°pw, _p≤n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h¿°pw, D‰m-tem-Nn-°p-∂-h¿°pw CXn¬ \ns∂ms° ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ e`n-°p-hm-\p≠v. AYhm AXn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv CsX√mw Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂Xv F∂v kmcw. _p≤n-sIm≠v Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw D‰m-tem-N\ sNbvXp kXym-k-Xy-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-bp-IbpwsNøp-hm≥ A√mlp \ap-s°√mw Xu^oIzv \¬Is´, Bao≥. A√mlp XpS-cp∂p:˛

[14] Ah≥ Xs∂-bmWv kap-ZsØ hnt[-b-am -°n -b -h\pw:AXn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ°v ]pXnbamwkw Xn∂p-hm\pw, \nßƒ [cn-°m-dp≈ B`-cW (]Zm¿Y)ßƒAXn¬ \n∂v ]pd-sØ-Sp-°p-hm\pwth≠n; I∏-ep -Iƒ AXn-eqsS(sh≈w) ]nf¿Øp-∂-Xm-bn-s°m≠v(k©-cn-°p-∂Xv) \n\°v ImWp-Ibpw sNømw. Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-Øn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ tXSn-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ th≠nbpw; \nßƒ \µnImWn-°p-hm≥ th≠nbpw (IqSn-bm-WXv)

[14] Ah≥ Xs∂, (Ah-\sX) bmsXm-cp-h\pw hnt[-b-am-

°nb kap-ZsØ \nßƒ (°v) Xn∂p-hm≥ th≠n AXn¬ \n∂v

amwkw ]pXnb \nßƒ ]pd-sØ-Sp-°p-hm\pw AXn¬

\n∂v B`-c-W-ßsf \nß-f-hsb [cn-°p∂p \n\°v ImWmw

I∏-ep-Isf ]nf¿Øp-∂-Xmbn AXn¬, AXn-eqsS \nßƒ

tXSn-sb-Sp°p (At\z-jn°p)hm≥ th≠nbpw Ahs‚ HuZmcy (A\p-

Kl)Øn¬ \n∂v \nß-fm-Ip-hm\pw, \nß-fm-tb-°p-Ibpw sNømw

\nßƒ \µn sNøpw.

a\p-jy¿°v `£-W-Øn-∂mbn kap-Z-Øn¬ A√mlp hnf-bn®p hf¿Øn-h-cp∂

IW-°‰ a¬ky-hn-f-I-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv (]pXnb amwkw) F∂v ]d-™Xv.

thKw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂Xpw, kpJ-I-c-am-bXpw, eLpXzw IqSn-b-Xp-amb Blm-c-

asX a¬ky-amwkw. B`-cW ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ ( ) sIm≠p-t±iyw apØv, ]hngw,

Nn∏n XpS-ßnb cXv\-hn- -h-ß-fp-am-Ip∂p. C∂-sØ-t∏mse ]cn-jvIr-X-ß-fmb b¥-km-a-Kn-Ifpw, Pe-hm-l-\-ß-fp-sam-∂p-an-√mØ ap≥Imew apX¬°p-Xs∂, kap-Z-Øn¬ A√mlp \nt£-]n-®p-sh-®n-´p≈ `£y-h-kvXp-°fpw, cXv\-k-º-Øp-°fpwa\p-jy≥ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-t∏m-∂n-´p≠v. IsÆ-ØmØ, Bgw ImWmØ kapZ

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Pe-sØbpw, ae-Iƒ IW-s°-bp≈ Xnc-am-e-I-sfbpw, i‡n-bmbn B™-Sn-°p∂Im‰p-I-sfbpw CShpw he-hp-am°n ]nf¿∂p-sIm≠v apt∂m´v IpXn®p ]mbp∂ I∏-ep-Iƒ hgn, Hcp \mń¬ \n∂v as‰mcp \mń-te°pw, Hcp h≥I-c-bn¬ \n∂v as‰mcph≥I-c-bn-te°pw hnhn[ Bh-iym¿Yw a\p-jy≥ kZm h∂pw-t]mbpw sIm≠n-cn-°p∂p. \qlv \_n (A) -bpsS Imew apX¬ Bcw-`n® Cu G¿∏mSv A\p-Zn\wh¿[n-®p-sImt≠ Ccn-°p∂p. CsX√mw k÷-am-°n-Ø-cp-Ibpw, AXn-\v -th-≠p∂kml-N-cy-ßƒ icn-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xns‚ t]cn¬ a\p-jy¿ kZm A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv \µn-Im-Wn-°p-hm≥ IS-s∏-´-h-cmWv F∂v Ah-km-\sØ hmIy-Øn¬A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p.

[15] `qan \nßsfbpw sIm≠vNcn -™p-t]m -Ip -sa -∂-Xn -\m¬,AXn¬ Ah≥ Dd-®p-\n¬°p∂ae-Isf ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; \Zn-I-sfbpw hgn-I-sfbpw(G¿s]-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p); \nßƒ(D±njvS ÿm\-ß-fn-te°v) am¿Kw]m]n-°p-hm≥ th≠n;˛

[16] (]e) AS-bm-f-ß-sfbpw(G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.) \£-X-ßƒ aqehpw (Xs∂) Ah¿ [a\p-jy¿] (D±njvS ÿm\-ß-fn-te°v)am¿Kw ]m]n-°p∂p.

[15] Ah≥ C-ń-cn°p∂p, ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp `qan-bn¬

Dd®p (]q≠v) \n¬°p-∂-hsb (ae-Isf) AXv Ncn-™p-t]m-Ip-sa-

∂-Xn-\m¬ \nß-fp-ambn, \nß-sfbpw sIm≠v \Zn (]pg)Isfbpw

hgn (am¿Kw)Isfbpw \nßƒ BIp-hm≥ th≠n, Btb°mw

\nßƒ hgn-tNcpw, (t\¿) am¿Kw ]m]n°pw [16] AS-bm-f-ß-sfbpw

\£-X-ßƒ aqehpw, \£-Xw-sIm≠pw Ah¿ am¿Kw ]m]n-

°p∂p, hgn-tN-cp∂p.

kap-Z-Øn¬ A√mlp \¬Inb Nne A\p-K-l-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-®-tijw Ic-bnepw A¥-co-£-Øn-ep-ambn \¬In-bn-´p≈ Nne A\p-K-l-ßsf Nq≠n-°m-´p-I-bmWv. Hcp FØpw-]n-Snbpw IqSmsX A¥-co-£-Øn¬ \ne-sIm-≈p∂ `qtKmfwAXnse \nhm-kn-Iƒ klnXw Ncnt™m adnt™m sXdnt®m t]mIm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n˛ kap-Z-Øn¬ I∏-ep-Iƒ \¶q-c-an-´p-d-∏n®p \ndp-Øp-∂-Xv-t]mse˛ `mc-ta-dnb ]¿h-X-ß-fm-Ip∂ \¶q-c-ßƒ hgn AXns\ A√mlp Dd-∏n-®p-\n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. \qdp-I-W-°nepw Bbn-c-°-W-°nepw \mgnI Zqc-sØ-hn-sSt∂m D¤-hn®p

2562





ImSpw, aebpw, ]md-s°´pw, acp-`q-anbpw, ae-bn-Sp°pw Xm≠n-s°m≠v hf-™p-]p-f™pw, HmSn-®m-Snbpw Hgp-In-h-cp∂ \Zn-Isf Hcp-Iq-´¿ IpSn-\o-cn\pw, Ipfn-\o-cn\pwD]-tbm-K-s∏-Øp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, as‰m-cp-Iq-´¿ Irjn°pw, KXm-K-X-Øn\pw, hyh-km-b-Øn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p. thsdmcp Iq´¿ a¬ky-_-‘-\-Øn\pw, hnZyp-O-‡n-bp¬]m-Z-\-Øn\pw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. hgn-Isf kw_-‘n®p ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, \m´n-eqsS, Im´n-eqsS, ka-X-e-Øn-eqsS, Ip∂p-Ip-gn-I-fn-eqsS, sh≈-Øn-eqsS,hmbp-hn-eqsS F∂n-ßns\ Bh-iy-amb ÿe-ß-fn-eq-sS-sb√mw k©-cn-°p-hm≥DX-Ip∂ ]e-Xcw hgn-I-sfbpw A√mlp G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. hgn-sX-‰msXD±njvSÿm\-ß-fn¬ FØn-t®-cp-hm\pw, Zqchpw ÿm\hpw \n¿W-bn-°p-hm\pwth≠n Hmtcm-Xcw hgn-Iƒ°pw Nne AS-bm-f-ßfpw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. Ip∂pw,Ip≠pw, hbepw, ]dºpw, ]mdbpw, aWepw, aÆpw, achpw, Ncnhpw, adnhpw F∂n-ßs\ FX-sbX AS-bm-f-ßƒ?! hºn® acp-`q-an-I-fntem kap-Z-Øntem bmXsNøp-∂-h¿°v AS-bm-f-ß-fpsS A`mhw \nan-Øtam, cmXn-bpsS Ccp-´v -aq-etamZn°p-I-f-dn-bmsX hcp-tºmƒ, \£-X-ß-fpsS ÿm\hpw KXnbpw t\m°n ÿm\hpwka-bhpw IW-°m-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p∂p. CsXms° kzb-aßv cq]w-]q-≠-X√.a\p-jytcm a‰p h√-htcm cq]w \¬In-b-Xp-a√. F√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ amXw]hrØn. Ahs‚ amXw krjvSn. Ahs‚ amXw hyhÿ. F√m-h¿°pw kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb Cu \nXy-k-Xy-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-®psIm≠v A√mlp tNmZn-°p-I-bmWv:˛

[17] At∏mƒ, krjvSn-°p∂(Hcp) h≥ krjvSn-°m-Ø-h-sc-t∏m-se-bm-Ip -∂pthm?! At∏mƒ,(_lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-Itc,) \nßƒD‰m-tem-Nn-°p-∂nt√?!

[17] At∏mƒ bmsXm-cp-ht\m Ah≥ krjvSn-°p∂p bmsXm-

cp-hs\ (bmsXm-cp-Øsc) t∏mse Ah≥ krjvSn-°n√ At∏mƒ

(F∂n-cns°) \nßƒ D‰m-tem-Nn-°p-∂nt√.

apI-fn¬ hnh-cn-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ hkvXp-°-sf-sbms° krjvSn®p cq]-s∏-Sp-ØnbA√m-lphpw, Hcp AWp-t]mepw krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hcpw Fßns\ka-amIpw?! Hcn-°epw ka-am-hp-I-bn-√t√m. F∂n-cns°, hnK-l-ßƒ, tZho-tZ-h≥am¿, alm-flm-°ƒ F∂v th≠ A√mlp A√mØ GsXmcp hkvXp-shbpwAhs‚ ]¶p-Im-ct\m, kam-\t\m B°n-sh®p Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xv XnI®pw hnUvVn-Ø-at√?! \nßƒ H´pw Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-∂nt√?! F∂v Xm¬]cyw. F∂m¬,taep-≤-cn® A\p-K-l-ßƒ amX-amtWm A√mlp a\p-jy-cmb \nßƒ°v sNbvXp-X-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv?! A√:˛

[18] A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-lsØ \nßƒ FÆp-∂-]£w\nßƒ AXv IW-°m-°p-∂-X√.

2563





[\nßƒ°-Xn∂p km[y-a√].

\n›-b-ambpw A√mlp, hfscs]mdp-°p-∂-h\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpwXs∂.

[18] \nßƒ FÆp-∂-]£w A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-lsØ

\nß-f-Xns\ IW-°m-°pI (Xn´-s∏-Sp-ØpI) bn√ \n›-b-ambpw

A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h≥ Xs∂-bmWv Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv.

FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-ßmØ B A\p-K-l-ßƒ°v \µn ImWn-°msX, \nßƒin¿°nepw tXm∂n-b-hm-k-Ønepw apgp-In-bn-cp-∂n´pw X¬£Ww \nß-fp-sS-ta¬in£m-\-S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xpw, \nß-fpsS ]›m-Øm]w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sams° Ah≥ s]mdp-°p-∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Bb-Xv -sIm-≠m-sW∂v kmcw.kq: C_vdmlow 34˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn® Imcy-ßƒ Chn-sSbpw kvacn-°pI.

[19] A√mlp, \nßƒ cl-ky-am-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw, \nßƒ ]c-ky-am-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw Adn-bp∂p.

[20] A√m-lp-hn∂v ]pdsa,Ah¿ hnfn®p (]m¿Yn®p) sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-h¿ bmsXm∂pw (Xs∂)krjvSn -°p -∂n√; Ah-cm -Is´,krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

[21] (Ah¿) \n¿÷o-h-ß-fm-Ip∂p; Poh-\n-√m-Ø-h-cm-Ip∂p.Ch¿ GXp-k-a-bØv Fgp-t∂¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v Ah¿ Adn-bp-I-bp-an√.

[19] A√mlp, A√m-lp-hm-Is´ Ah≥ Adn-bp∂p, Adnbpw

\nßƒ cl-ky-am-°p-∂Xv \nßƒ ]c-ky-am-°p-∂Xpw [20]

bmsXm-cp-Iq-´¿ Ah¿ hnfn-°p∂p, ]m¿Yn-°p∂p A√m-

lp-hn\v ]pdsa Ah¿ krjvSn-°p-∂n√, krjvSn-°p-I-bn√. bmsXm-

∂n-s\bpw Ah-cm-Is´, Ahtcm Ah¿ krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. [21]

\n¿÷o-h-ß-fmWv, ac-W-s∏-´-h-cmWv Pohn-°m-Ø-h-cm-Ip∂p, Poh-\n-√m-

Ø-h-cmWv, Pohn-°p-∂-h-c-√mØ Ah¿ (°v) Adn-bp-I-bn√, t_m[-

2564





an√ GXv ka-bØv F∂v Ah¿ (Ch¿) Fgp-t∂¬]n-°-s∏Spw.

_lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS \nc¿Y-Xbpw, ]c-ssZ-h-ßƒ°v AXn-\p≈ A\¿l-X-bp-amWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv. Izp¿-B≥ H∂m-a-Xmbn A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂Xv Ad-_n-I-sf-bm-Wt√m. Ah¿ Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Is´, hnK-l-ßƒ apX-emb ]c-ssZ-h-ß-sf-bp-amWv. Ah bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw krjvSn-®p-≠m-°p-∂n√. Ah Xs∂bpw krjvSn-°-s∏-´-h-bmWv, Ah \n¿PvPo-h-ß-fmWv, taen¬Pohn-°p-hm\pw t]mIp-∂n√, Ah-cpsS Bcm-[-I≥amsc GX-h-k-c-Øn-emWv Iz_v-dp-I-fn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-sb∂ hnh-chpw Ah¿°n√. F∂n-cns°,CXbpw \nµyhpw \n m-c-hp-amb Cu hkvXp-°sf hnfn®p ]m¿Yn-°p-∂Xv Atß-A‰w A¿Y-iq-\yhpw ]Sph¶-Xz-hp-am-Wt√m F∂v Xm¬]cyw.

(Awhm-Øp≥) F∂Xv (aønØv) s‚ _lp-h-N-\hpw, (Alv-

bm-Dv) F∂Xv (løv) s‚ _lp-h-N-\-hp-am-Ip∂p. "ac-W-s∏-´-h≥, ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂-

h≥, Poh-\n-√m-ØXv, \n¿Pohw' F∂o A¿Y-ß-fn-se√mw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂hm°sX . Cu A¿Y-ß-fn-se√mw Xs∂ AXns‚ hn]-coX ]Z-ambn hcp-∂-

XmWv F∂ hm°pw. Cu A¿Y-ß-fn-se√mw Izp¿-B-\n¬ Ah c≠pw D]-tbm-

Kn-°-s∏- p-ImWmw. At∏mƒ, A√mlp A√mØ F√m Bcm-[y-h-kvXp-°fpw Xs∂˛

Hc¿Y-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰m-c¿Y-Øn¬ F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sm-hp∂-

Xm-bn-Øo-cp∂p. krjvSn-°p-∂-h-c√ krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cmWv F∂pw a‰p-ap≈ hnj-b-ß-fn-em-Is´, hnK-l-ßfpw hnK-l-ß-f-√m-Ø-hbpw ka-am-WvXm\pw.

hn`mKw ˛ 3[22] \nß-fpsS Bcm-[y≥ Htc

Hcp Bcm-[y-\m-Ip∂p. F∂m¬, ]c-tem -I -Øn¬ hniz -kn -°m -Ø-h¿˛Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ (AXv)\ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-bm-Ip∂p. Ah¿Alw- mhw \Sn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Ip∂p.

[23] \n w-i-b-asX, Ah¿ cl-ky-am-°p-∂Xpw, Ah¿ ]c-ky-am-°p-∂Xpw A√mlp Adn-bp-∂p-sh-∂p-≈Xv. \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥,Alw-`mhw \Sn-°p-∂-hsc CjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn√.

[22] \nß-fpsS Bcm-[y≥, ssZhw Htc Bcm-[y-\mWv, GI-

ssZ-h-am-Ip∂p F∂m¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ ]c-tem-I-Øn¬

Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ \ntj-[n-°p∂ (shdp-°p∂˛]Xntj[n°p∂)

2565





hbm-Ip∂p Ah¿, Ah-cm-Is´ Alw-`mhw (hep∏w˛ K¿hv) \Sn-

°p-∂-h-cmWv [23] \n w-ibw, Ip‰-a√, (kXy-ambpw) A√mlp

(BIp∂p) sh∂p-≈Xv Ah≥ Adn-bp∂p (sh∂p-≈Xv) Ah¿ cl-

ky-am-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ ]c-ky-am-°p-∂Xpw \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥

CjvS-s∏-SpI (kvt\ln-°pI)bn√ Alw-`mhw \Sn-°p-∂-hsc

apiv-cn-°p-Iƒ ]c-tem-I-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂n√. ]c-tem-I-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°m-

Ø-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ GI-XzsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-hcpw, Alw-`m-hn-I-fp-am-Ip∂p.

AYhm Alw-`mhw sIm≠m-W-h¿ hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv. A√mlp Ahsc

shdpsX hnSp-hm≥ t]mIp-∂n√. Ah-cpsS cl-kyhpw ]c-kyhpw Ah≥ Adn-

™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p≠v. AX-\p-k-cn-®p≈ \S-]Sn Ah≥ FSp-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw

F∂v kmcw.

as‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®p amXw ]kvXm-

hn-°-s∏-´m¬, ]c-tem-I-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ Ad®p Npfp-ßn-

t∏mIpw. Ah\v ]pd-sa-bp-≈-h-sc-∏‰n ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-´m¬, At∏m-gXm Ah¿,

kt¥mjw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p!' (kpa¿ 45) ho≠pw Hcp ÿeØv ]d-

bp∂p: "\n›-b-ambpw, Fs∂ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Alw-`mhw \Sn-°p-∂-h¿,

\nµy-cm-bn-s°m≠v hgnsb Pl-∂-an¬ ]th-in-°p-∂-XmWv'. (40:60) \_n˜ ]d-

™-Xmbn C_v\p akv-DuZv (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "A-Wp-Øq°w lrZ-b-Øn¬ Alw-

`m-h-ap-≈-h≥ kz¿K-Øn¬ ]th-in-°p-I-bn√. AWp-Øq°w kXy-hn-izmkw lrZ-

b-Øn-ep-≈-h≥ \c-I-Øn¬ ]th-in-°p-I-bp-an√'. At∏mƒ, Hcmƒ tNmZn®p: "d-

kqte, Hcmƒ Ahs‚ hkvXw \√-Xm-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw, sNcn∏p \√-Xm-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw

CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p. (CXv Alw-`m-h-am-Iptam?)' At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "\n›-b-

ambpw A√mlp kpµ-c-\mWv. Ah≥ kuµ-cysØ CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p. Alw-`mhw

F∂m¬, bYm¿YsØ [n°-cn-°epw, a\p-jy-tcmSv Ah-K-W\ ImWn-°-ep-am-Ip∂p'.

(ap;Xn;Zm.)

[24] "\nß-fpsS d∫v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv F¥mWv?' F∂v Ah-tcmSv]d -b -s∏-´m¬, Ah¿ ]dbpw:"]q¿hn-I-∑m-cpsS ]pcm-W-I-Y-Iƒ'F∂v.

[25] (AsX) Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fn¬Ah¿ Xß-fpsS Ip‰ (`mc) ßƒ]q¿Wambpw hln-°p-hm≥ th≠n;(IqSmsX) bmsXmcp Iq´sc Adn-hn-√msX Xßƒ hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-∂pthm Ah-cpsS Ip‰ (`mc)

2566





ßfn¬ \n∂pw (Ipsd hln-°p-hm≥ th≠n). A√m (˛Adn-bpI) !Ah¿ t]dp-∂Xv [Ah-cpsS Ip‰-`mcw] hfsc tamiw!

[24] ]db (tNmZn°) s∏´m¬ Ah-tcmSv Fs¥m-∂mWv

Cd-°n-bXv \nß-fpsS d∫v Ah¿ ]dbpw ]pcm-W-I-Y-Iƒ

(sFXn-ly-ßƒ) BIp∂p ]q¿∆n-I-∑m-cpsS [25] Ah¿ hln°p

(t]dp) hm≥ th≠n Ah-cpsS Ip‰-ßsf, `mc-ßsf ]q¿Øn-bmb

\ne-bn¬ Iznbm-aØv \mfn¬ Ip‰ (`mc) ßfn¬\n∂pw (NneXv)

Ahsc hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-∂-h-cpsS Adn-hp-Iq-SmsX, Adn-hn-

√msX A√m, Adn-bpI hfsc tamiw, FXtbm NoØ Ah¿

hln-°p∂(Ip‰w t]dp∂)Xv.

B Alw-`m-hn-I-tfmSv˛Bsc-¶nepw h√-t∏mgpw F¥mWv A√mlp \_n˜°vAh-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v tNmZn-®m¬ AXn\v icn°v Hcp adp-]Sn ]d-bp-hm≥t]mepw Ah¿ Xøm-d√. Ft¥m Nne ]gw-]p-cm-W-ßfpw sFXn-ly-ßfpwFt∂ adp-]Sn ]dbq. AXns‚ ^etam? Ah-cpsS sX‰p-Ip-‰-ß-fpsS ]m]-`mcw]cn-]q¿W-am-bn-Øs∂ Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fn¬ Ah¿ t]td-≠n-hcpw. AX-bp-a√,A√mlp Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xns\ (Izp¿-Bs\) ∏‰n ]pcm-W-ß-sf∂pw, Pme-hn-Zy-sb∂pw,`ms¥-∂p-sam-s°-∏-d™p hnh-c-an-√mØ Bfp-Isf Ah¿ hgn-]n-g-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wt√m. Ah-cpsS ]m]-`m-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hcp ]¶pw-IqSn B Alw-`m-hn-Iƒ t]td-≠-Xmbn hcpw. At∏mƒ Ah-cpsS ÿnXn hfsc timN-\o-bw-Xs∂!

a\p-jysc hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p∂ t\Xm-°-sf-∏‰n A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "Ah¿ Ah-cpsS `mc-ßfpw, Ah-cpsS `mc-ß-tfm-sSm∏w thsd `mc-ßfpw hln-t°≠n hcpIXs∂ sNøpw'. (A≥I_qØv 13) kzbw ]ng-®p-t]m-b-Xn-s‚bpw, hymPw sI´n-∏-d-™-Xn-s‚bpw, hnh-c-an-√m-Ø-hsc hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-hm≥ ian-®-Xn-s‚bpw Ip‰-ßƒ°v]pdsa, B hgn-]n-g-®-h¿ sNøp∂ Ip‰-ßƒs°ms° Imc-W-°m-cm-b-Xns‚ t]cnepwCh¿ in£m¿l-cm-bn-Øo-cp∂p. t\¿am¿K-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-∂-h\v Ahs\]n≥]-‰n-b-h-cpsS ]Xn-^-e-Øn¬ Hcp Ipdhpw hcmsX Xs∂, Ah-cpsS AtXamXncn ]Xn- ew e`n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw, Zp¿am¿K-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-∂-h\v Ah≥]n≥]-‰n-b-h-cpsS Ip‰-Øn¬ Hcp Ipdhpw hcmsX Xs∂ Ah-cpsS Ip‰-ß-fpsSAX Ip‰w D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw apkvenw (d) D≤-cn® \_n-h-N\w ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Ip∂p.

l÷v Ime-ß-fn¬ A\y-cm-Py-Øp-\n∂v l÷n\v hcp-∂-h¿°n-S -bn¬\_n˜sbbpw, Izp¿-B-s\bpw kw_-‘n®p Pme-hnZy, `m¥v, tPm¬kyw, ]pcm-W-IY Fs∂m-s°-∏-d™p ]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Jmen-Zp_v\p DIzv_-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]e Bfp-Ifpw a°bnse hgn-Iƒ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cmbn `mKn-s®-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-Xmbn ]e cnhm-b-Øp-I-fnepw ImWmw. CXv -t]m-se-bp≈ ]e kwcw-`-ßfpw ]Nm-

2567





c-th-e-Ifpw Izpssd-in-Iƒ \S-Øn-h-∂n-cp∂p. Zp¿am¿K-Øn-te°pw A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-fn-te°pw P\-ßsf t]cn-∏n-°p∂ F√m-h¿°pw _m[-I-amWv A√m-lp-hns‚Cu Xm°oXv.

hn`mKw ˛ 4[26] Ch-cpsS apºp-≈-h¿ (Ip)

X¥w ]tbm-Kn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn;At∏mƒ, (IpX-¥-ß-fm-Ip∂)Ah-cpsS sI´n-S-Øn-¶¬ (AXns‚)ASn-Ø-d-I-fn-eqsS A√mlp sN∂p;F∂n´v Ah-cpsS apI-fn¬\n∂vta¬]pc Ah-cpsS ta¬ s]mfn-™p-hoWp. Ah¿ Adn-bm-Ø-hn-[-Øn-eqsS in£ Ah¿°v hcp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

[27] ]ns∂, Iznbm-a-Øv -\m-fn¬Ah≥ Ahsc A]-am-\-Øn-em-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

Ah≥ ]d-bp -∂-Xp -amWv:"bmsXmcp Iq´-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬\nßƒ tNcn-]n-cn™p (a¬k-cn®p)sIm≠n-cp-∂pthm Aßn-s\-bp≈Fs‚ (B) ]¶p-Im¿ FhnsS!"

Adnhv \¬I-s∏-´-h¿ ]dbpw:"\n›-b-ambpw, C∂v A]-am-\hpwXn∑ [in£]bpw Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS taem-Ip∂p.'

[26] (Ip) X¥w ]tbm-Kn-®n-´p≠v C (A) hcpsS apºp-

≈-h¿ At∏mƒ (F∂n´v) sN∂p A√mlp Ah-cpsS sI´n-S-Øn-¶¬

ASn-Ø-d-I-fn-eqsS, Xd-I-fn¬\n∂v F∂n´v s]mfn-™p-hoWp

Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ ta¬]pc Ah-cpsS aosX \n∂v Ah¿°v hcp-

Ibpw sNbvXp in£ hn[-Øn-eqsS Ah¿ Adn-bmØ

[27] ]ns∂, ]pdsa Iznbm-a-Øv -\m-fn¬ Ah≥ Ahsc A]-

2568





am-\-s∏-SpØpw Ah≥ ]d-bp-Ibpw FhnsS Fs‚ ]¶p-Im¿

bmsXm-cp-h¿ \nßƒ tNcn-]n-cn-™n-cp∂p (a¬k-cn-®n-cp∂p)

Ah-cn¬ (Ah-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬) ]dbpw \¬I-s∏-´-h¿ Adnhv

\n›-b-ambpw A]-am\w C∂v Xn∑bpw, tamihpw

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS taem-Ip∂p

Nne-sc-∏‰n Ah¿ Fs‚ ]¶p-Im-cm-sW∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v Ah-cpsS hnj-b-Øn¬ \nßƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬\n∂v th¿Xn-cn™p a¬kcw ]pe¿Øn-h-∂n-cp-∂p-ht√m. B ]¶p-Im-scms° Ct∏mƒ Fhn-sS-t∏mbn? F∂v Ah≥ tNmZn°pw.Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ DØcw ap´n A]-am-\-Ønepw IjvS-∏m-Sn-ep-am-bn-Øocpw. Cu kµ¿ -Øn¬, apºv Cl-Øn¬ sh®v bYm¿Yw Kln-°p-Ibpw Ahsc AXn-te°v £Wn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂ ]hm-N-I≥amcpw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂-Xm-WnXv. Ch-cpsS Cu ]kvXm-h\ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ tJZhpw A]-am-\hpw Df-hm-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw. \_n˜ ]d-™-Xmbn C_v\p Da¿ (d) C]-Imcw D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p: "Hmtcm h©-I-s‚bpw N¥n-bpsS ASpØv Ahs‚ h©-\-bpsS tXmX-\p-k-cn®v Hmtcm sImSn \m´-s∏Spw. F∂n´v CXv C∂ BfpsS aI≥C∂ BfpsS aI≥ C∂ BfpsS h©-\-I-fmWv F∂v (hnfn®p) ]d-b-s∏Spw.'(_p.ap.)

[ 28] "AXm-bXv, Xß-fpsSkz¥-ß-tfmSv AIaw sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-cns°, ae-°p-Iƒ ]q¿W-ambn ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-h¿ [ac-W-s∏-Sp -Øp-∂-h¿]' At∏mƒ, Ah¿Iosgm-Xp°w ]I-Sn-∏n°pw; (Ah¿]dbpw:) "Rßƒ bmsXmcpXn∑bpw [Ip‰hpw] ]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂n√' F∂v.

(Ah-tcmS v ]d -b -s∏Spw:)"C√msX! \n›-b-ambpw, \nßƒ]h¿Øn®p h∂n-cp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰nA√mlp Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip∂p.'

[29] AXn-\m¬, \nßƒ "Pl-∂an' [\c-IØn]s‚ hmXn-ep-I-fn¬]th-in-°p-hn≥˛AXn¬ ÿnc-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-s°m≠v; At∏mƒ (B)Alw-`m-hn-I-fpsS ]m¿∏nSw hfscNoØ Xs∂!'

2569





[28] AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-h¿ Ahsc ]q¿W-ambn ]nSn-s®-Sp°pw

ae-°p-Iƒ AIaw sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-cns°, AI-an-I-fmb \ne-bn¬

Xß-fpsS kz¥-ß-tfmSv, Xß-sf-Øs∂ At∏mƒ Ah¿ C´p-sIm-

Sp°pw (]I-Sn-∏n°pw) Iosgm-Xp°w, kam-[m\w Rß-fm-bn-cp-∂n√

Rßƒ ]h¿Øn°pw Hcp Xn∑bpw, Xn∑-bn¬\n∂v (H∂pw)

C√msX \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv \nß-fm-bn-cp-

∂-Xp-sIm≠v \nßƒ ]h¿Øn°pw [29] AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ

]th-in-°p-hn≥ hmXn-ep-I-fn¬ Pl-∂-ans‚ (\c-I-Øns‚)

ÿnc-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-s°m≠v AXn¬ At∏mƒ hfsc (FXtbm) NoØ

Xs∂ ]m¿∏nSw Alw`mhw \Sn-°p-∂-h-cpsS

Ign™ hN-\-ß-fpsS XpS¿® Xs∂-bmWv Cu hN-\-ßfpw.

(Xß-fpsS kz¥-ß-tfmSv AIaw sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-cns° ae-°p-Iƒ ]q¿W-ambn]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-h¿) F∂v Ahn-izm-kn-Isf hnti-jn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ hmIyw A√m-

lp-hns‚ hm°mbpw Adnhv \¬I-s∏-´-h-cpsS ( ) hm°mbpw hcm-hp-

∂-XmWv. c≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw Imcyw H∂p-Xs∂. AI-an-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ ae-°p-Iƒ ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-h¿ F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xn¬, ac-W-tØmSv IqSnØs∂ Ah¿IjvS-X-Ifpw bmX-\-Ifpw A\p- -hn-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn-bn- p-s≠∂ kqN-\-bm-Wp-≈Xv.kq: A≥Bw 93; A≥^m¬ 50; apl-ΩZv 27 F∂o hN-\-ß-fn¬ CXv hy‡-am-bn-Øs∂ ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-ap≠v. A]-am-\hpw IjvS-∏mSpw kln-°m-Xm-hp-tºmƒ BAlw-`m-hn-Iƒ, Xßƒ Ip‰-sam∂pw sNbvXn-´n-s√∂v ]d™p Xmgvabpw hn\-bhpw]I-Sn-∏n-°p-sa∂pw, AXp-sIm≠v Hcp ]tbm-P-\hpw Ah¿°v e`n-°p-hm-\n-s√∂pw,A√m-lp-hn\v Ah-cpsS cl-ky-]-c-ky-ß-sf√mw Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂pw ÿnc-amb \c-I-in£ amX-am-bn-cn°pw Ah¿°m-[m-c-sa-∂p-amWv ]n∂oSv ]d-™-Xns‚Npcp°w. Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ ]eXpw hnh-cn-®-tijw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-sf-¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛

[30] "\nß-fpsS d∫v F¥mWvAh-X-cn-∏n-®Xv?' F∂v kq£vaX]men-®-h-tcmSv ]d-b-s∏Spw. Ah¿]dbpw: "DØ-a-am-bXv (Xs∂)."

\∑ ]h¿Øn-®-h¿°v Cu Cl-tem-IØv \∑-bp-≠m-bn-cn°pw; ]c-tem-I-`-h-\-am-Is´, G‰w DØ-a-hp-am-Ip∂p.

2570





kq£vaX ]men-°p-∂-h-cpsS`h\w FXtbm \√-Xp-Xs∂!

[31] (AsX) Ah¿ ]th-in-°p-∂-Xmb (B) ÿnc-hm-k-Øns‚kz¿K-ßƒ! Ah-bpsS ASn- m-K-Øn-eqsS Acp-hn-Iƒ Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn°pw. Ah¿ Dt± -in -°p -∂Xv(F¥pw) Ah¿°-Xn¬ D≠v. A]-Im-c-asX, kq£vaX ]men-°p-∂-h¿°v A√mlp ]Xn-êw \¬Ip-∂Xv.

[32] AXm-bXv, Xßƒ (\√)hnin-jvS-∑m-cm-bn-cns° ae-°p-Iƒ]q¿W-ambn ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p∂ [ac-W-s∏-Sp-Øp∂] h¿°v. Ah¿ [ae-°p-Iƒ] ]dbpw: "\nßƒ°v "kemw'[kam-[m -\m -iwk]! \nßƒ]h¿Øn -® p - sIm -≠n - c p -∂X v\nanØw \nßƒ kz¿K-Øn¬]th-in-®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥!'

[30] ]d-b-s∏Spw, ]d-b-s∏´p kq£vaX ]men-®-h-tcmSv

F¥mWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv \nß-fpsS d∫v Ah¿ ]dbpw, ]d™p

\√Xv, DØ-a-am-bXv bmsXm-cp-h¿°p≠v (D≠m-bn-cn°pw) \∑

]h¿Øn®, ]pWyw sNbvX Cu Cl-Øn¬ \∑, ]pWyw

]c-tem-I-`-h\w BIs´, ]c-tem-I-`-h\w Xs∂ DØaw, G‰w

\√Xv FXtbm (hfsc) \√-Xp-Xs∂ hoSv, `h\w, hkXn

kq£vaX ]men-°p-∂-h-cpsS [31] AXm-bXv kz¿K-ßƒ (ÿnc) hmk-

Øns‚ Ah-c-Xn¬ IS°pw \S°pw (HgpIpw) AXns‚

ASn-bn-eqsS \Zn-Iƒ Ah¿°p≠v, D≠m-bn-cn°pw AXn¬

Ah¿ Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv A]-Im-c-amWv, AXp-t]mse A√mlp ]Xn-

êw \¬IpI, ]Xn-êw sImSp-°p∂p kq£vaX ]men-°p-∂-h¿°v [32]

AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-h¿ Ahsc ]q¿W-ambn ]nSn-s®-Sp°pw

ae-°p-Iƒ \√h (hninjvS˛]cn-ip≤) cmbn-cns° Ah¿ ]dbpw

kemw \nßƒ°v, \nß-fn-ep-≠m-hs´ ]th-in-°p-hn≥

2571





kz¿K-Øn¬ \nß-fm-bn-cp-∂Xv \nanØw \nßƒ ]h¿Øn°pw.

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb Alw-`m-hn-Ifpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Isf kq£n-°p∂ `b-`-‡-∑mcpw F√m cwKØpw ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-amb \ne-]m-Snem-bn-cn°pwD≠m-bn-cn-°pI. "A√mlp F¥v Ah-X-cn-∏n®p' F∂v tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb B Alw-`m-hn-I-fpsS adp-]Sn "]pcm-W-I-Y-Iƒ' F∂m-bn-cn°pw. `b-`-‡-cmb kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-Is´, "DØ-a-am-bXv'˛ AYhm a\p-jy\v th≠-s∏-´Xv˛ F∂m-bn-cn°pw ]d-bpI. Ah¿°v Cl-Øn¬ sh®v t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ign-™Xv Ah-cpsS kz¥w Ip‰-`m-c-ßfpw, Ah-cm¬ hgn-]n-g-®-h-cpsS Ip‰-`m-c-Øns‚]¶p-am-bn-cp∂p. Ch-cm-Is´, Cl-Øn¬ sh®v \∑ t\Sn-sb-SpØp. AYhm k¬°¿a-ßƒ sNbvXp. k¥p-jvScpw kam-[m-\-Nn-Ø-cp-ambn Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ac-W-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ah-tcmSv ae-°p-Iƒ ]cp-jhpw ISp-Ø-Xp-amb s]cp-am-‰-am-bn-cp∂ps]cp-am-dn-bXv. Ch-tcm-Sm-Is´, A\p-tam-Z-\hpw kzmK-Xhpw ]d-™p-sIm≠v kt¥m-j-tØm-sS-bmWv s]cp-am-dn-bXv. ]c-Øn¬ Ah¿°v e`n-®Xv ÿnc-amb \c-I-in-£-bm-bn-cp∂p. Ch¿t°m? imiz-X-amb kz¿Kob Pohn-Xhpw! Npcp-°-Øn¬ Cl-Ønepw ]c-Øn-ep-sa√mw Ah¿ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤¿ Xs∂.

[33] Ah¿ [Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ]

Xßƒ°v ae-°p-Iƒ hcp-∂-Xn-s\tbm, \ns‚ d∫ns‚ I¬]\hcp-∂-Xn-s\tbm, A√msX t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂pthm?! (as‰m∂pwAh¿°v ImØn-cn-°p-hm-\n√.)

[Ah¿ sNbvX] AXp-t]mse,Ah-cpsS apºp-≈-hcpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. Ahsc A√mlp AI-an-®n-´n√; F¶nepw Ah¿ Ah-sc-Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p AI-an-®n-cp-∂Xv.

[34] Aßs\, Ah¿ ]h¿Øn-® -Xns‚ Xn∑-Iƒ Ah¿°v_m[n®p. Ah¿ GsXm-∂n-s\-°p-dn®v ]cn-lm-kw-sIm-≠n-cp-∂pthmAXv [Bin£] Ah-cn¬ hebwsNbvIbpw sNbvXp.

[33] Ah¿ t\m°p∂p (ImØn-cn-°p∂p) thm Ah¿°v

hcp-∂-Xn-s\-b-√msX ae-°p-Iƒ As√-¶n¬ hcp-∂-Xns\

2572





\ns‚ d∫ns‚ I¬]\ A]-Imcw, AXp-t]mse sNbvXp

Ah-cp-sS apºp-≈-h¿ Ahsc AI-an-®n-´p-an√ A√mlp

F¶nepw Ah-cm-bn-cp∂p Xß-fpsS kz¥-ß-tfmSv, Xß-tfm-Sv -Xs∂

AIaw ]h¿Øn°pw [34] Aßs\ (AXn-\m¬) Ah¿°v

_m[n®p, FØn Xn∑-Iƒ Ah¿ ]h¿Øn-®-Xns‚ hebw

sNbvIbpw sNbvXp, Cd-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ah-cn¬, Ah¿°v Ah-cm-

bn-cp-∂Xv AXn-s\-∏‰n Ah¿ ]cn-lmkw sIm≈pw.

A√mlp Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv ]pcm-W-I-Y-I-fm-sW∂pw a‰pw ]d™p ]cn-l-kn-°p∂Cu Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v H∂p-In¬ ae-°p-Iƒ h∂p Ahsc ac-W-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xns\,As√-¶n¬ Ah¿°v h√ s]mXp-in-£bpw _m[n-°p-hm-\p≈ A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]-\sb A√msX as‰m∂pw ImØn-cn-°p-hm-\n√. Ch-bn¬ GXv kw`-hn-®mepw Ah-cpsS Imcyw IjvSw-Xs∂. Ch-sc-t∏mse, Ch-cpsS apºp-≈-hcpw ]cn-l-kn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p≠v. Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ in£°v hnt[-b-cm-Ip-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv.A√mlp Ah-tcmSv sNbvX Hcp A\o-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂n√˛ Ah¿ Ah-tcmSv Xs∂sNbvX A\o-Xn-I-fpsS ^e-am-bn-cp∂p˛AXv. Ah-cpsS KXn Ch¿°pw ht∂-°p-sa∂v Ch¿ Hm¿Øn-cn-°s´.

hn`mKw ˛ 5[35] (A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv) ]¶v

tN¿Ø-h¿ ]d-bp-I-bmWv: "A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬, Rß-fm-Is´, Rß-fpsS ]nXm-°-fm-Is´.Ah\p ]pdsa bmsXmcp hkvXp-shbpw Bcm-[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√;Ahs\ IqSmsX Rßƒ (kz¥w\ne°v) bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw \njn-≤-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n√.

AXp-t]mse, Ah-cpsS apºp-≈-hcpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. F∂m¬,dkq-ep-I-fp-sS-ta¬ kv]jvS-amb]t_m-[-\-a -√msX (_m[yX)bpt≠m?

[35] ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp, ]d-bp-I-bmWv, ]d-bp∂p in¿°v

sNbvX-h¿, ]¶p-tN¿Ø-h¿ A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Rßƒ

2573





Bcm-[n-°-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p, Bcm-[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√ Ah\v ]pdsa, Ah-s\-

Iq-SmsX bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw Rßƒ (Xs∂bpw) Rß-fpsS

]nXm-°-fp-an√ Rßƒ \njn-≤-am-°p-I-bp-an√mbncp∂p Ahs\

IqSmsX bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw A]-Imcw sNbvXn-cn -°p∂p

Ah-cpsS apºp-≈-h¿ At∏mƒ (F∂m¬) Dt≠m dkq-

ep-I-fpsS ta¬ ]t_m-[\w (FØn-°¬) A√msX ]Xy-£-amb,

kv]jvS-amb

A√mlp A√mØ hkvXp-°sf Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂-Xn\pw, kq: amCZx 106 ¬]kvXm-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ Nne `£y-h-kvXp-°sf \njn-≤-am-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xn\pwapiv-cn-°p-Iƒ ]d-bm-dp≈ Hcp \ymb-amWv A√mlp Cu hN-\-Øn¬ D≤-cn-®Xv.A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv F√m Imcyhpw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv. At∏mƒRßfpw Rß-fpsS ]q¿∆n-I-∑mcpw A\p-jvTn-®p-h-cp∂ Cu kº-Zm-b-ß-sfms°Ahs‚ Dt±-iy-]-Imcw D≠m-b-Xm-Ip∂p. Ah≥ Dt±-in-®-Xm-Ip-tºmƒ AsX√mwAh≥ Xr]vXn-s∏-´-Xp-am-bn-cn°pw. Ah≥ Xr]vXn-s∏-SmØ Imcyw Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-Ibpw kw`-hn-∏n-°p-I-bp-an√. F∂n-cns°, Rß-sf-∏‰n Bt£-]n-°p-∂-Xn\vA¿Y-an√ Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Ah-cpsS \ymb-hm-Z-Øns‚ Xm¬]cyw. dkq-ep-I-fpsS\ntbm-K-sØbpw, thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS Ah-X-c-W-sØbpw tNmZyw sNø¬, A√m-lp-hns‚ Dt±-iy-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv F√m Imcy-ßfpw kw`-hn-°p-∂-sX∂ bmYm¿Yy-Øns‚ t\sc-bp≈ ]cn-lmkw CsXm-s°-bmWv Cu hmZ-Øns‚ ]n∂n-ep-≈Xv.

apiv-cn-°p-I-fpsS Cu \ymb-hm-Zhpw, AXn-\p≈ adp-]-Snbpw, kqx A≥Bw 148¬ apºv Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p≠v. Xmsg kq: kpJvdp^v:20˛epw hcp-∂p≠v. B c≠vÿeØpw Bh-iy-amb hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ \¬Io-´p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂n√. "IzZzm IzZvdn's\ (Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ A√m-lp-hns‚hn[n-\n¿W-bsØ) \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿ Cu aq∂v hN-\-ß-sfbpw Zp¿hym-Jym\wsNøm-dp-≈-Xn-s\-∏‰n Zo¿L-amb Hcp \ncq-]Ww kq: lZo-Zn\v tij-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏nepw ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv.

Cu hmZ-Øn\v ChnsS A√mlp \¬Inb adp-]-Sn-bpsS kmcw CXm-Ip∂p: "Ch¿amX-a√, Ch-cpsS apºpw ]ecpw Ch-sc-t∏mse A√mlp A√m-Ø-hsc Bcm-[n-°epw, A√mlp A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°n-b-Xns\ \njn-≤-am-°epw D≠m-bn-´p≠v. Bcpw-Xs∂, dkq-ep-I-fpsS am¿K-Z¿i\w e`n-°msX ]ng-®p-t]m-tI≠n h∂n-´n√. ]t£,dkq-ep-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw, kXy am¿Kw ]t_m-[\w sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-I-sb-∂-√msX, F√m-h-scbpw t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-sb∂ _m[yX Ah¿°n√.'A√mlp XpS-cp∂p:˛

[ 36] Xo¿®-bmbpw, F√m(Hmtcm) kap-Zm-b-Ønepw \mw dkq-ens\ \ntbm -Kn -® -b -®n -´p≠v;"\nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw, "XzmKqØn's\ [Zp¿aq¿Øn-

2574





Isf] shSn-bp-Ibpw sNøW'sa∂v(]t_m-[\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v).

F∂n´v, A√mlp t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°n-b-h¿ Ah-cpsS Iq´-Øn-ep≠v; Zp¿am¿Kw Ah-Im-i-s∏´[ÿnc-s∏´]hcpw Ah-cpsS Iq -Øn-ep≠v.

BI-bm¬, \nßƒ `qan-bn¬\S∂v (B) hymP-am-°n-b-h-cpsS]cy-h-km\w Fßn-s\-bm-Wp-≠m-b-sX∂v t\m (°n a\- nem)°phn≥!

[36] Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Ab®n (\ntbm-Kn®n) ´p≠v F√m

kap-Zm-b-Ønepw dkq-ens\, (Hmtcm dkq-ens\) \nßƒ Bcm-

[n-°-W-sa∂v A√m-lp-hns\ \nßƒ shSn-bpI (Dt]-£n°˛hn´p

\n¬°pI) bpw thWw XzmKq-Øns\ (Zp¿aq¿Øn-Isf) F∂n´v

(Aßs\) Ah-cn-ep≠v A√mlp t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°n-b-h¿ Ah-

cn-ep≠v Ah-Im-i-s∏´ (ÿnc-s∏´˛bYm¿Y-amb)h¿ Xs‚ ta¬

Zp¿am¿Kw, hgn-]n-ghv BI-bm¬ (F∂m¬) \nßƒ \S-°p-hn≥

`qan-bn¬ F∂n´v \nßƒ t\m°p-hn≥ Fßns\ D≠m-

sb∂v (Bsb∂v) ]cy-h-km\w, Iemiw hymP-am-°n-b-h-cpsS

B hymP-hm-Zn-I-sfms° in£°pw \mi-Øn\pw Cc-bm-Ip-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-sX∂v

At∏mƒ \nßƒ°v t_m[y-amIpw F∂v kmcw (XmKzqØv) F∂ hm°ns‚

A¿Yhpw hnh-£bpw kw_-‘n®v A¬_-Izdx 256˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-

Øn¬ hnh-cn-®p-I-gn-™n-´p≠v. "Zp¿aq¿Øn' F∂pw a‰pw AXn\v mjm-¥cw \¬Im-

sa∂pw, A√mlp A√mØ F√m Bcm[y hkvXp-°-sfbpw, ]nim-Nn-s\bpw Dt±-

in®pw, tPm’y-°m¿, ]iv\-°m¿, amc-W-°m¿ apX-em-b-hsc Dt±-in®pw AXv D]-

tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-s≠-∂p-amWv AhnsS ]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ Npcp°w. F√m kap-Zm-

b-Ønepw dkq-ep-Isf Ab-®n-´p-s≠∂v ]d-™n-cn-°-sIm≠v \ΩpsS C¥y-b-S-°-

ap≈ F√m cmPy-ß-fnepw apºv dkq-ep-Iƒ h∂n-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv.

"Hcp kap-Zm-b-Ønepw Xs∂ Hcp Xm°oXv \¬Ip-∂-h≥ Ign-™p-t]m-Im-Xn-cp-∂n-

´n√, (35:24) F∂pw A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p. F∂m¬, Izp¿-B-\ntem, \_n-h-N-

\-ß-fntem hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®-√msX, C∂ ImeØv ˛C∂ cmPyØv˛ C∂

Bƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-embn h∂n-´p-s≠∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ \ap°v km[y-a√.

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[ 37] (\_ntb) Ahsct\¿am¿K-Øn -em -°p -hm≥ \oAXym-K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, \n›-b-ambpw, A√mlp hgn-]n-g-hn-em-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn√. Ah¿°v klm-bn-I-fm-bn´v (Bcpw) C√-Xm\pw.

[37] \o AXym-K-ln-°p∂p (AXn-tam-ln-°p∂p) sh¶n¬

Ah-cpsS k∑m¿K-sØ-∏‰n, Ah¿ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-Ip-∂-Xn\v F∂m¬ \n›-

b-ambpw A√mlp Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn√ Ah≥ hgn-

]n-g-hn-em-°p-∂-hs\ (sc) Ah¿°n-√-Xm\pw klm-bn-I-fm-bn´v,

klm-bn-I-fn¬ \n∂v (Bcpw)

F√m-hcpw k≥am¿Kn -Ifpw kXy-hn -izm -kn -Ifpw Bbn-Øo-c -W-sa∂v\_n˜AXym-Klw sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw AXv km[y-am-Ip∂ Imcy-a√. A√mlp t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-∂-htc t\¿am¿Kw ]m]n-°p-I-bp≈q. Zp¿am¿Kn-I-sf∂v Ah≥ IW-°m-°n-b-hsc t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-hm≥ B¿°pw km[y-am-

Ip-I-bn√. (\n›-b-ambpw, \o CjvS-s∏-´-hsc \o

t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn√; F¶nepw A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p∂p. (Izkz-kzv 56) Bsc-sbms° t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°Ww, Bsc-sbms°Zp¿am¿K-Øn¬ ÿnc-s∏-Sp-ØWw F∂ Imcyw A√m-lp-hn\v \√-t]mse Adn-bp-Ibpw sNømw. AYhm Aht∂ AX-dn-bp-I-bp≈q. (Xmsg 125˛mw hN\w ImWpI.)

[38] Ah¿ [Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ]

A√m-lp-hn-s\-s°m≠v˛Xßƒ°vIgn-bpw-hn[w i‡n-bmbn˛ kXywsNbvXp ]d-bp-I-bmWv: "ac-W-s∏-Sp-∂-hsc A√mlp Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p-I-bn√' F∂v!

C√mtX, Ah-s‚-ta¬(_m[yX) D≈ Hcp bYm¿YhmKvZØw! [AX-h≥ \nd-th-‰pIXs∂ sNøpw] F¶nepw, a\p-jy-cn¬ A[n-I-amfpw Adn-bp-∂n√.

[39] Ah¿ bmsXm-∂n¬ `n∂m-`n - ]m-b-Øn-em-Ip -∂pthm AXvAh¿°v Ah≥ (hy‡-am°n)

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hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bm-Ip∂p (Ahsc Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p-∂Xv); Xßƒ hymPw ]d-bp-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Ahn-izm-kn-IƒAdn-bp-hm≥ th≠n-bpam-Ip∂p.

[38] Ah¿ kXyw (i]Yw) sNbvXp (sNøp-I-bmWv) A√m-

lp-hn-s\-s°m≠v, A√m-lp-hn¬ sRcp-ßn-bXv (Ign-bp-∂X) Ah-

cpsS kXy-ß-fn¬ Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p-I-bn√ A√mlp ac-W-

s∏-Sp-∂-hsc C√msX, AsX Hcp hmKvZØw Ahs‚ ta¬

(_m[y-X-bp≈) bYm¿Y-amb, bYm¿Y-am-bn´v F¶nepw

a\p-jy-cn¬ A[n-Ihpw Ah¿ Adn-bp-∂n√ [39] Ah≥ hy‡-

am°n (hnh-cn®p) sImSp-°p-hm≥ th≠n Ah¿°v bmsXm-∂ns\

Ah¿ `n∂n®p (A`n-]mb hyXym-k-Øn-embn) s°m≠n-cn-°p∂p

AXn¬, AXn-s\-∏‰n Adn-bp-hm\pw Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿

Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hymPw ]d-bp-∂-h¿

sXfn-hp-I-fn¬\n∂pw ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Imcyw Kln-°msX, `n∂n®pwhymP-am-°nbpw sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Ah¿°v At∏mƒ˛ ac-Wm-\-¥cw Fgp-t∂¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ˛icn°pw Imcyw hy‡-amIpw; Xßƒ ]ng-®-hcpw I≈-hm-Zn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw F∂v kmcw. ac-W-tijw ho≠pw Pohn-∏n-°¬ A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Hcp ]bm-k-s∏´ Imcy-am-sW-∂mWvCh-cpsS [mc-W-sb-¶n¬, B [mcW XnI®pw sX‰m-Ip∂p. ImcWw:˛

[40] h√ Imcyhpw \mw Dt±-in-®m¬, AXn-s\-°p-dn®v AXn-t\mSv\ΩpsS hm°v "D≠m-IpI' F∂p]d-b¬ amX-am-Ip∂p; At∏mƒAXp-≠m-Ip∂p!

[40] \n›-b-ambpw \ΩpsS hm°v (amXw) Hcp hkvXpsh

(ImcysØ)°pdn®v AXns\ \mw Dt±-in-®m¬ \mw ]d-bpI (amXw)

BIp∂p AXn-t\mSv, AXn-s\-∏‰n D≠m-IpI F∂v At∏mƒ AXv

D≠mIpw, D≠m-bn-Øocpw

Imcy-Øns‚ Kuc-htam hep-∏-sN-dp-∏tam \sΩ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Hcp]iv\ta A√. GsXmcp Imcy-am-bmepw AXp-≠m-h-W-sa∂v \mw Dt±-in-°p-Itbth≠q; AXp-≠m-hpI Xs∂ sNøpw. h√ Hcp-°tam A[zm-\tam H∂pw \ap-°m-h-

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iy-an√. F∂n-cns°, a\p-jysc H∂m-a-Xmbn Pohn-∏n-°p∂ Imcyhpw, ac-W-tijwc≠m-aXv Pohn-∏n-°p∂ Imcyhpw \sΩ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Hcp-t]m-se-Xs∂F∂v kmcw.

hn`mKw ˛ 6[41] Xßƒ AI-an-°-s∏- -Xn-\p-

tijw, A√m-lp-hns‚ hnj-b-Øn¬ "lnPvdx' [kzcmPyw XyPn®p]t]mb-h¿, Ah¿°v Cl-tem-I-Øn¬ \mw \√Xv [\√ Xmhfw]

kuI-cy-s∏-Sp -Øn-s°m-Sp -°pIXs∂ sNøpw.

]c-tem-IsØ ]Xn-^-e-am-Is´,G‰hpw hen-b-Xp-am-Ip∂p. (lm!)Ah¿ Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬!

[42] AXm-bXv, £an-°p-Ibpw,Xß-fpsS d∫ns‚ ta¬ (Imcy-ßƒ) c-ta¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿.

[41] lnPvdx t]mb-h¿ A√m-lphns‚ (Imcy-Øn¬)

tijw Ah¿ AI-an-°-s∏-´-Xns‚ Ah¿°v \mw kuIcyw

\¬IpI (Xmhfw G¿s∏-Sp-ØpI) Xs∂ sNøpw Cl-Øn¬ \√Xv

]Xn-^ew Xs∂, ]Xn-^-e-am-Is´ ]c-tem-I-Ønse G‰hpw

hepXv Ah-cm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah¿ Adnbpw [42] AXm-bXv

bmsXm-cp-h¿ Ah¿ £an®p Ah-cpsS d∫n-s‚-ta¬

Ah¿ `c-ta¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p

IzØmZx (d) ]d-™-Xmbn C_v\p-P-co¿ (d) D≤-cn-°p∂p: "(Cu hN-\-Øn¬]d™) Ch¿ apl-ΩZv Xncp-ta-\n-˜bpsS kzlm-_n-I-fm-Ip∂p. a°m \nhm-kn-Iƒ Ahsc AI-an®p, At∏mƒ, A√mlp Ahsc AhnsS \n∂v ]pd-Øv sIm-≠p-h∂p. Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ A_n-ko-\n-b-bn¬ sN∂p-tN¿∂p. ]n∂oSv Ah≥ Ah¿°vaZo-\-bn¬ Xmhfw Hcp-°n-s°m-SpØp. Aßs\, AX-h-cpsS lnPvdm-`-h-\-ambn.kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb klm-bn-Isf (A≥kzm-cn-Isf) bpw Ah¿°v A√mlp\¬In.' Cu hmKvZm\w kzlm-_n-I-fn¬ A√mlp ]men-®-sX-ßn-s\-sb∂v IzØmZx(d) bpsS ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-Wt√m. Cu hmKvZm\w A∂sØ BkXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ amX-a√ A√mlp ]men-®n-cp-∂Xv. kXy-hn-tcm-[n-I-fm¬ aX-Øns‚ t]cn¬ AIa a¿±-\-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-cm-bn-s°m≠pw, A√m-lp-hns‚

2578





]oXnbpw ]Xn-^-ehpw e£y-am-°n-s°m≠pw \mSv hn´p t]mtI-≠n-h-cp∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn-se√mw Xs∂ Cu hmKvZm\w A√mlp ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bn-´p≠v. AX-h≥ `mhn-bnepw ]men-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

[43] \n\°v apºv \mw "hlvbv'[Znhy-k-tµiw] \¬In-s°m≠v]pcp-j-∑m-sc-b-√msX, (dkq-ep-I-fmbn) \mw Ab-®n-´n√, F∂m¬,\nßƒ ]am-W-Øns‚ [thZ-K-Ÿ-Øns‚] Bƒ°m-tcmS v tNmZn(®pt\m) °phn≥, \nßƒ°v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬:˛

[44] (AsX) hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-Ifpw, GSp [thZw]Ifp-am-bn- mWv(Ahsc Ab-®Xv).

\n\°pw (Cu) ]amWw [Izp¿-B≥] \mw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-X-∂n-cn-°p∂p; a\p-jy¿°v Cd-°-s∏-´-Xns\ Ah¿°v \o hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ th≠n; Ah¿ Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°p-Ibpw sNbvtX-°m-at√m.

[43] \mw Ab-®n-´n√ \n\°p apºv ]pcp-j-∑m-sc-b-

√msX \mw hlvbv \¬In-s°m≠v Ah¿°v F∂m¬ \nßƒ

tNmZn-°p-hn≥ ]am-W-Øns‚ Bƒ°m-tcmSv \nß-fm-sW-¶n¬

\nßƒ Adn-bp-∂n√ [44] (hy‡-amb) sXfn-hp-I-tfmsS

GSp-I-tfm-sSbpw \mw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI (Cd-°pI)bpw sNbvXp \n\°v

]amWw \o hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ th≠n a\p-jy¿°v

Cd-°-s∏-´-Xns\ Ah-cn-te°v, Ah¿°v Ah-cm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNømw,

Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠nbpw Ah¿ Nn¥n-®p-t\m°pw

ôrcpP ("ZnIv¿') F∂ hm°n\v ]e A¿Y-ß-fp-s≠∂pw, Ah-bn¬ H∂v "]amWw'

F∂m-sW∂pw kqdx lnPv¿ : 6˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ ]d-™p-ht√m.Chn-sSbpw B A¿Y-Øn-em-Wp-≈Xv. ChnsS BZysØ "ZnIv¿' sIm≠v hnh£ap≥ thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fm-Ip∂ ]am-W-ßfpw, c≠m-a-tØXv sIm≠v hnh£ Izp¿-B-

\m-Ip∂ ]am-W-hp-am-sW∂v kµ¿`w-sIm≠v hy‡-amWv. ôoHoR (kp_p¿) F∂Xv

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QƒoHnR (k_q¿) s‚ _lp-h-N-\-am-Ip∂p. "GSv, ]pkvXIw' Fs∂ms° AXn\v

A¿Yw \¬Imw. ]hm-N-I≥am¿ ]t_m-[\w sNøp∂ \S-]-Sn-I-a-ßfpw \nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßfpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-´p≈ GSp-I-fm-Wp-t±iyw.

Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ hnj-b-ßƒ Cßns\ kwK-ln°mw:

(1) a\p-jy-cn-ep≈ ]pcp-j≥am-sc-b-√msX, hlvbv \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ dkq-ep-I-fmbnA√mlp Ab-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn- n√. F¥v sIm≠v ae-°p-Isf dkq-ep-I-fmbn Ab-°p-∂n√? \sΩ-t∏m-se-bp≈ Hcp a\p-jys\ \mw ]n≥]-‰p-Itbm? dkq-ep-Isf Ab-°p-∂-]£w AXv ae-°p-I-fm-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xt√?' F∂n-ßn-s\-bp≈ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Bt£-]-ßƒ°pw, IpX¿°-ßƒ°p-ap≈ Hcp adp-]-Sn-bm-WnXv. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn Izp¿-B-\n¬ H∂n-e-[nIw ÿeØv ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ ImWmw. Ad-_n-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ah¿°v thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fp-ambpw, ]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-ambpw ASpØ _‘-sam∂pw C√m-Ø-h-cm-I-sIm≠v Cu hmkvXhw Ah¿°v th≠X Adn-™n-s√∂vhcpw. AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿°v thW-sa-¶n¬ thZ-°m-tcm-S-tº-jn®p t\m°m-sa∂vAhsc A√mlp D]-tZ-in-°p∂p. thZ-°m¿°v Cu hmkvXhw Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wt√m.C∏-d-™-Xp-sIm≠v ˛ Nne InkvXob ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøm-dp-≈-Xp-t]mse˛ thZ-°m¿ k∑m¿Kw hn´p-t]m-bn- n√ F∂v CXn¬\n∂v hcp-∂n√.

(2) dkq-ep-Isf Ab-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ ]t_m-[\w sNøp∂ XXz-ßƒ°v hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-I-tfmSv IqSnbpw Ah¿ D]-tZ-in-°p∂ \S-]-Sn-I-a-ßfpw \nb-a-ßfpwAS-ßp∂ tcJ-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bp-am-bn-cn°pw. kqx lZo-Zn¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:"\ΩpsS dkq-ep-Isf \mw hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-I-fp-ambn Ab-®n-´p≠v. a\p-jy¿\oXn-ap-d-b-\p-k-cn®v \ne-sIm-≈p-hm≥ th≠n thZ-K-Ÿhpw Xpem pw Ah-tcm-SvIqSn \mw Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p' (lZoZv 25)

(3) a\p-jy¿°v th≠n-bmWv Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. \_n˜bpsSI¿Øhyw AX-h¿°v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI amX-a√, AX-h¿°v hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI IqSn-bm-Ip∂p. Xmsg 64˛mw hN-\-Ønepw Cu hnjbw DW¿Øn-°mWmw.hm°v-aq-ehpw, ]hr-Øn-aq-ehpw P\-ßƒ°v \_n˜ Izp¿-B≥ hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-≠vXm\pw. AXmWv \_n˜bpsS kp∂Øv (Ncy) F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. Izp¿-Bs‚ hymJym-\hpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-hp-sa∂ \ne°v Ckv-em-ans‚ c≠m-asØ ]am -W-hp -am -WXv. Izp¿ -B≥ amXta Ckv -em -ans‚ ]-amWam-bp≈q˛\_n˜bpsS kp∂-Øn\v ]mam-Wy-X-bn√˛F∂v Nne hgn-]n-g-®-h¿ hmZn-°m-dp-≈Xv CXv-t]m-se-bp≈ Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fpsS \ntj-[-am-Ip∂p. amX-a√,A√m-lp-hn-s‚Xmb Ckv-em-anI ico-AØv \nb-a-ßƒ°v ]Icw Ah-cp-sS-XmbHcp ]pXnb ico-AØv \nbaw \n¿an-°epw IqSn-bm-bn-cn°pw AXns‚ ^ew.

(4) Izp¿-Bs‚ D≈-S-°-ßsf˛AXnse XXz-kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ, kqN-\-Iƒ, ]mT-ßƒ, D]-tZ-i-\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ, ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ BZn-bm-b-hsb˛kw_-‘n®v P\-ßƒ

Nn¥n®p a\- n -em -t°-≠-Xp≠v. A√mlp ]d -bp∂p:

(kmcw: Hm¿an®p a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ th≠n Izp¿-Bs\ \mw Ffp-

∏-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. F∂m¬, Hm¿an®p a\- n-em-°p∂ h√-hcpw Dt≠m?! ˛A¬ Iz-

2580





a¿) Cu hN\w kqd-Øp¬Iz-a-dn¬ H∂n-e-[nIw ]mhiyw A√mlp Bh¿Øn®p]d-™n-cn -°p -∂Xv ImWmw. as‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp tNmZn -°p∂p:

(kmcw: At∏mƒ, Ah¿°v Izp¿-B≥ D‰m-tem-

Nn®p t\m°n-°qtS?! AX√, h√ lrZ-b-ß-fnepw Ah-bp-sS-Xmb ]q´p-Iƒ Dt≠m?!(apl-ΩZv: 24)

[45] F∂m¬, Zpjn® (Ip) X¥-ßƒ ]tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-h¿, XßsfA√mlp `qan-bn¬ BgvØn-°-f-bp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v \n¿`-b-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bmtWm?! As√-¶n¬, Ah¿Adn-bmØ hn[-Øn-eqsS in£Ah¿°v hs∂-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v?!˛

[46] As√-¶n¬, Ah¿ (Aßp-anßpw) Xncn -™p-a -dn -bp -∂Xn(∂nSbn) ¬ Ahsc ]nSn-Iq-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v?! F∂m¬, (At∏mƒ)Ah¿ (Ahs\ ]cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn)Ai-‡-\m-°p-∂-h-c√;˛

[47] As√-¶n¬, t]Sn-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-tXmsS(Øs∂) Ahsc]nSn-Iq-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v (\n¿ -b-am-bn-cn -°p-I-bmtWm)?! F∂m¬,\nß-fpsS d∫v Ir]m-ephpw, Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Xs∂-bmWv. [AXp-sIm-≠mWv Aßn-s\-sbm∂pwsNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv].

[45] At∏mƒ \n¿ -b-am-bn-cn-°tbm, kam-[m-\n-®n-cn-°-bmtWm

(Ip) X¥w ]tbm-Kn-®-h¿ Zpjn-®h (Zpjn® IpX-¥-ßƒ)

BgvØn-°-f-bp-∂-Xns\ (°pdn®v) A√mlp Ahsc qan-bn¬

As√-¶n¬ Ah¿°v hcp-∂-Xns\ in£ hn[-Øn-eqsS

Ah-c-dn-bp-I-bn√ [46] As√-¶n¬ (Ah≥ ˛ AXv) Ahsc ]nSn-Iq-Sp-∂-

Xns\ Ah-cpsS Xncn-™p-a-dn-b-en¬ F∂m¬ Ah-c√ Ai-

‡-\m-°p-∂-h¿ (]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h¿) [47] As√-¶n¬ Ah¿°v ]nSn-

2581





s]-Sp-∂-Xns\ t]Sn-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cns°, t]Sn®p (ImØp) hcp-∂-tXmsS

F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw \nß-fpsS d∫v Ir]mep (hfsc Ir]-

bp-≈-h≥) Xs∂ Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv.

\_n˜°pw, Izp¿-B\pw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw FXn-cn¬ IpSn-e-X-¥-ßƒ]eXpw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu apivcn-°p-Isf A√mlp `qan-bn¬ BgvØn-°-f-bp-Itbm, Hm¿°m-∏p-dØp Ah¿°v h√-in-£bpw \¬Ip-Itbm, Aßp-anßpwh∂pw-t]mbpw sIm≠p sskzc-hn-lmcw sIm≈p-∂-Xn-\n-S°v Ahsc h√ in£bpw]nSn-Iq-Sp-Itbm, AXp-a-s√-¶n¬ in£ hcp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v b-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°shXs∂ h√ in£bpw Ah¿°v ]nSn-s]-Sp-Itbm˛ Cßn-s\-sbm∂pw˛ kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂mtWm Ah-cpsS hnNmcw?! Ch-bn¬ GXp-Xs∂ kw`-hn-®mepw AX-\p-`-hn-°p-I-b-√msX, AXv ap-S-°p-hmt\m, XSp-°p-hmt\m Ah¿°v km[y-a√, Aßn-s\-sbm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v kam-[m-\n-®n-cn-°p-hm≥ Hcp Imc-WhpwAh¿°n√. in£n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ XnI®pw A¿l-cm-W-h¿. A√m-lp-hm-Is´, GXn\pwIgn-hp-≈-h-\p-amWv. ]t£, Aßn-s\-sbm∂pw sNømsX Ah≥ Ah¿°v Hgnhv\¬I-n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Ahs‚ Ir]bpw Imcp-Wyhpw sIm≠v-am-X-amWv.

t]Sn-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-tXmsS ]nSn-Iq-SpI ( ) F∂ hm°n\v

c≠p ]Im-c-Øn¬ hymJym\w \¬I-s∏-´n-´p≠v:

(1) ta¬ hnh-cn® ]Imcw Xßƒ°v h√ in£bpw h∂p `hn-t®-°ptam F∂pAh¿ `b-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-s°-Xs∂ in£ hcpI F∂pw,

(2) in£ -s]-s´∂v kw`-hn-°msX ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn˛A¬]m-¬]-ambn ]nSn-Iq-SpI

F∂pw. Cu hymJym-\-]-Imcw F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿Yw t]Sn-®p-sIm-≠v -h-

cpI˛ AYhm ImØp-sIm-≠v Iptd-s»-bmbn hcpI F∂m-bn-cn°pw. c≠v ]Im-c-Øn-em-bmepw Dt±iyw hy‡w Xs∂. ta¬Nq-≠n-°m-´nb Xc-Øn-se√mw Xs∂ap≥k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬ in£ A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v NcnXw ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv.

[48] A√mlp hkvXp-hmbnkrjvSn-®n-´p≈ bmsXm-∂n-te°vAh¿ (t\m°n) ImWp-∂p-ant√?AXns‚ \ng-ep-Iƒ he-tØm´pw CS-tØm-´p-ambn Nm™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p; Ah¿ [B \ng-ep-Iƒ] Ffn-b-h-cmb \ne-bn¬ A√m-lp-hn∂v"kpPqZv' [kmjvSmwK \a-kvImcw]

sNbvXp-sIm≠v.

[48] Ah¿ ImWp∂p (t\m°p∂p)ant√ bmsXm-∂n-te°v,

2582





bmsXm-∂ns\ A√mlp krjvSn®p h√ hkvXp-hmbn, h√ hkvXphpw

Nm™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p, Xncn-™p-h-cp-∂Xv AXns‚ \ng-ep-Iƒ

he-tØm´v CS-tØm´pw kpPqZv sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-s°m≠v

A√m-lp-hn\v Ah-cm-Is´, Ah-cm-bn-s°m≠v Ffn-b-h¿ (Bbn-cn°pw)

\n m-c≥am¿ (Bbn-s°m≠v)

_p≤n-Po-hn-I-fp-tS-Xv-t]m-se-bp≈ h√ KpW-hn-ti-j-X-Ifpw _p≤n-Po-hn-I-f-√mØhkvXp-°-fn¬ ]I-S-am-Ip-tºmƒ, Ah-sb-∏‰n _p≤n-Po-hn-I-sf∂v tXm∂p-am-dp≈]Z-]-tbmKw kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv `mjm-km-ln-Xy-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-hm-Ip∂p. CX-\p-k-cn-

®mWv kpPqZv sNøp∂ \ng-ep-I-sf-∏‰n (Ah¿ Ffn-b-h-cm-bn-s°m≠v)

F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv. CXv t]m-se-bp≈ ]tbmKw (36:40 apX-emb) shsd Nneÿe-ß-fnepw Izp¿-B-\n¬ h∂n-´p≠v. Cu hN-\-Øn-e-S-ßnb Bibw Xmsg hnh-

cn-°p-∂p≠v ¬q∏dG AÉn°T r¿EG.

[49] BIm-i-ßfn-ep-≈Xpw, qan-bn -ep -≈Xpw Bb GsXmcpPohnbpw (F√mw) A√m-lp-hn\v"kpPqZv' [kmjvSmwK \a-kvImcw]

sNøp∂p; ae-°p-Ifpw (Xs∂kpPqZv sNøp∂p); Ah-cm-Is´,Alw-`mhw ImWn-°p-∂p-an√.

[50] Ah¿ Xß-fpsS aosX(A[n-Imc i‡n-bp≈) Xß-fpsSd∫ns\ `b-s∏-Sp∂p; Xß-tfmSvI¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv (Hs°bpw)Ah¿ sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

Oƒé°S

))))

[49] A√m-lp-hn\v kpPqZv (kmjvSmwKw) sNøp∂p

BIm-i-ßfn-ep-≈Xv qan-bn-ep-≈Xpw Pohn-bm-bn-´pw, P¥p-hmbn

ae-°p-Ifpw Ah-cm-Is´ Alw-`mhw \Sn-°p-I-bn√.

[50] Ah¿ `b-s∏-Sp∂p Ah-cpsS d∫ns\ Ah-cpsS aosX

Ah¿ sNøpI(]h¿Øn-°p-I)bpw sNøp∂p Ah-tcmSp I¬]n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.

HmØns‚ kpPqZv sNtø-≠p∂ ÿm\-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv Cu hN-\hpw. 48˛mw

hN-\-Ønepw Cu c≠p hN-\-ß-fn-ep-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ kmcw Cßns\ a\-

n-em°mw:˛ "A√m-lp-hns‚ krjvSn-I-fn¬ \ng-ep-≠m-Ip∂ F√m hkvXp-°-fp-

2583





sSbpw \ng-ep-Iƒ he-tØm´pw CS-tØm-´p-ambn Nm™pw Ncn™pw \o≠pw Npcp-

ßnbpw sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy≥ km[m-cW ImWm-dp-≠t√m. CXn-s\-∏‰n

Btem-Nn-®m¬ Xs∂bpw ]e ZrjvSm-¥-ßfpw AXn¬ \n∂v a\p-jy\v e`n-°p-hm-

\p≠v. AYhm, F¥p-sIm≠v Aßn-s\-bp≈ am‰-ßƒ°v Ah hnt[-b-am-Ip∂p?

AXn\v Imc-W-sa¥v? B Imc-W-ßsf hyh-ÿ-s∏-Sp-Ønb i‡n GXmWv? F∂n-

XymZn Imcy-ß-sf-∏‰n A¬]-_p-≤n-Iƒ°p-t]mepw Gsd-°psd hmkvXhw Kln-

°p-hm≥ AXv D]-I-cn-°p-∂-XmWv. B \ng-ep-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-

Iƒ°v hnt[-b-ambpw, Ah≥ \n›-bn® ]IrXn N´-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®p-amWv \ne-

sIm-≈p-∂Xv. B \nb-a-hy-h-ÿ-I-fn¬ AWp-thmfw am‰w hcp-Øp-hm≥ B¿°pw

km[y-a√. F∂p-th≠, BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn¬ Poh-h-kvXp-°-fmbn A√mlp krjvSn®

F√m hkvXp-°fpw Bflob Pohn-I-fmb ae-°p-Iƒt]mepw˛A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-

a-N-´-ßƒ°v XnI®pw Iosgm-Xp-ßnbpw, Ahs‚ I¬]\m \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ°v hg-ßn-

bpw-sIm-≠mWv Ign-bp-∂Xv. Bcpw CXn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hn√. At∏mƒ, hnti-j-_p-

≤nbpw, A`n-]mb kzmX-¥yhpw \¬I-s∏-´n-´p≈ a\p-jy≥ ]tXy-In®pw Ahs‚

apºn¬ Xe-Ip-\n-°p-hm\pw, Ahs‚ I¬]\m\n¿tZ-i-ß-f-\p-k-cn®p Pohn-°p-hm\pw

A¿l-ct√!?

Oƒé°S(kpPq-Zn)s‚ A¿Y-ß-sfbpw ]tbm-K-ß-sfbpw kw_-‘n®v H∂n-e-[nIw

]mhiyw apºv hnh-cn-®p-I-gn-™n-´p≠v. A√mlp \n›-bn® ]IrXn \nb-a-ßƒ°v

Iosgm-Xp-ßpI (Òî°ùàdÉH Oƒé°S) F∂ A¿Y-Ønepw, CjvSm-\p-kmcw A√m-lp-hn\v

`‡n-bm-cm-[\ A¿]n-°pI (QÉ«àN’ÉH Oƒé°S) F∂ A¿Y-Ønepw AXv Izp¿-B-

\n¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw, H∂m-asØ A¿Y-Øn-ep≈ kpPq-Zn¬ a\p-jy-c-S-°-

ap≈ F√m hkvXp-°fpw `mK-`m-°m-sW∂pw, c≠m-asØ A¿Y-Øn-ep≈ kpPqZv

IqSn sNbvhm≥ I¬]n-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv a\p-jy-sc-∂p-sams° kµ¿`w t]mse \mw

apºv Nq≠n-°m-´n-bn-´p-ap≠v. H∂m-asØ A¿Y-Øn-ep≈ kpPq-Zn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv Cu

hN-\-ß-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv. hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn\v kqx dAvZv 15; l÷v 18 apX-

emb hN-\-ßfpw Ah-bpsS hymJym-\hpw t\m°p-∂Xv \∂v.

"Ah¿ Alw- mhw ImWn-°p-I-bn√. Ah¿ d∫ns\ b-s∏Spw. Ah-tcmSv I¬]n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ah¿ sNøpw.' Fs∂ms° ]d-™Xv ae-°p-I-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv˛AYhm

(Ah¿) F∂ k¿h-\maw ae-°p-Isf Dt±-in-®mWv˛F∂sX a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv.

A[nI hymJym-Xm-°fpw Aßn-s\-bmWv ]d-™p-Im-Wp-∂Xpw. ae-°p-I-f-S°w

apºv ]d-b-s∏´ F√m-h-scbpw˛BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn-ep≈ F√m Pohn-I-sfbpw˛ Dt±-in-

®m-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw km[y-X-bp≠v. Nne hymJym-Xm-°-fpsS A`n-]mbw AXm-Ip∂p.

F∂m¬, Alw-`mhw ImWn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI, d∫ns\ `b-s∏-SpI, I¬]n-°-∏-Sp-∂Xv

sNøpI F∂o KpW-ßsf˛ kpPq-Zn-s\-∏‰n ]kvXm-hn-®-Xv -t]mse˛F√m-Xcw Pohn-

Iƒ°pw A\p-tbm-Py-amb hn[-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-t™-°p-sa-

¶nepw Ah-sbms° ae-°p-I-fpsS KpW-ß-fm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv IqSp-X¬

km[yX ImWp-∂Xv. a‰p Nne Izp¿-B≥ hmIy-ßƒ CXn\v ]n≥_ew \¬Ip-

Ibpw sNøp∂p.

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hn`mKw ˛ 7[ 51] A√mlp (I¬]n®p)

Acpfn-bn-cn-°p∂p: "\nßƒ c≠vBcm-[y≥amsc G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-cpXv[kzoI-cn-°-cpXv]; Ah≥ Htc HcpBcm-[y≥ amX-am-Wp-≈Xv; AXn-\m¬ Fs∂-Øs∂ \nßƒ b-s∏-Sp-hn≥.'

[52] Ah-s‚-XmWv BIm-i-ß-fnepw, `qan-bn-ep-ap-≈Xv; Ah\v(Ah-Im-i-s∏-´Xv) Xs∂-bmWvÿnc-am-bp≈ Iosgm-Xp-°hpw.F∂n-cns°, A√mlp A√m-Ø-h-sctbm \nßƒ (`b∂p) kq£n-°p∂p?!

[53] \nß-fn¬ A\p-K-l-am-bn vF¥pt≠m AXv A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂p-≈-XmWv; ]ns∂, (AXn\v]pdsa) \nßsf D]-Zhw (AYhm]oU\w) kv]¿in-®m¬ Ah-¶-te°v Xs∂ \nßƒ \ne-hn-fn-®-t]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p!

[51] A√mlp Acpfn \nßƒ D≠m° (kzoI-cn°)cpXv

(c≠v) Bcm-[y≥amsc, ssZh-ßsf c≠v \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ (amXw)

Htc Bcm-[y≥ (amXw) BIp∂p AXn-\m¬ Fs∂ (Xs∂)

\nßƒ Fs∂ `b-s∏Sp (t]Sn°p)hn≥ [52] Ah-∂mWv, Ah-s‚-XmWv

BIm-i-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv `qan-bnepw Ah∂v Xs∂-bmWv

Iosgm-Xp°w, hgn-s∏-S¬, A\-pk-cWw \nc-¥-c-ambn, ÿnc-am-bn´v

At∏mƒ (F∂n-cns°) A√mlp A√m-Ø-h-sctbm \nßƒ kq£n-

°p∂p. [53] \nß-fn-ep-≈Xv, \nß-fn¬ F¥pt≠m (AXv)

A\p-K-l-am-bn´v (AXv) A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂m-Ip∂p ]ns∂, F∂n´pw

\nßsf kv]¿in (_m[n)®m¬ D]-Zhw, ]oU\w, _p≤n-ap´v

F∂m¬ Ah-\n-te°v (Xs∂) \nßƒ \ne-hn-fn-®-t]-£n-°p∂p, apd-hnfn

Iq´p∂p.

2585





[54] ]ns∂, \nß-fn¬ \n∂v D]-Zhw (AYhm ]oU\w) Ah≥(\o°n) Xpd -hn -bm -°n -bm¬,At∏mƒ (AXm) \nß-fn¬ \n∂vHcp Iq´¿ d∫n-t\mSv (a‰p-Nn-esc)]¶v tN¿°p∂p!˛

[55] (AsX) \mw Ah¿°v\¬In-b-Xn¬ Ah¿ \µn-tISvImWn-°p-hm≥ th≠n. (AXm-W-Xns‚ ^ew).

(icn) F∂m¬, \nßƒ kpJ-sa-Sp -Øp -sIm -≈p -hn≥! F∂m¬,hgnsb \nßƒ°-dnbmw!

[54] ]ns∂ Ah≥ Xpd-hn-bm°n (\o°n)bm¬ D]-Zhw,

]oU\w \nß-fn¬ \n∂v At∏mƒ (AXm) Hcp Iq´¿

\nß-fn¬ \n∂v Xß-fpsS d∫n-t\mSv, d∫n¬ Ah¿ ]¶v-tN¿°p∂p

[55] Ah¿ \µn-tISv ImWn-°p-hm≥ th≠n, aqSn-sh-°p-hm≥

Ah¿°v \mw \¬In-b-Xn¬, \¬In-b-Xns\ F∂m¬ \nßƒ kpJ-sa-Sp-

°p-hn≥ F∂m¬ (At∏mƒ) ]ndsI \nßƒ Adnbpw, \nßƒ°-

dnbmw.

øjpO(Zo≥) F∂ hm°n\v "\S-]Sn, A\p-k-cWw, Iosgm-Xp°w, ]Xn-^ew, aXw'

Fs∂ms° ]e A¿Y-ß-fp-aps-≠∂v Nne-t∏m-sgms° \mw Nq≠n-°m-´p-I-bp-≠m-

bn-´p≠v ÉÑ°UGh øj~dG ¬dh (Ah-\mWv ÿnc-amb Iosgm-Xp-°-ap-≈Xv) F∂ hmIy-

Øns‚ Xm¬]cyw, BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn-ep-≈-h-bp-sS-sb√mw DS-a-ÿ\pw A[n-Im-c-ÿ\pw Ah-\m-sW-∂-t]m-se-Xs∂, Iogvh-W-°-Øn-s‚bpw Bcm-[-\-bp-sSbpwÿncm-h-Im-ihpw Ah\v Xs∂-bmWv F∂m-Ip∂p. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn-ep-≈-h¿ A\p-k-c-W-]q¿htam, \n¿_-‘-]q¿htam Ah\v Iosgm-Xp-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. Ah-\n-te-°v -Xs∂ Ah¿ aS-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. F∂n-cns°,A√m-lp-hns‚ aX-sØ-b-√msX Ah¿ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bmtWm?' (3:83)

Cu hN-\-ß-fn-e-S-ßnb Bi-b-ßƒ Kln-°p-hm≥ Hcp hymJym-\-Øns‚ Bh-iy-an√. ChnsS, A√mam iu°m\o (d) At±-l-Øns‚ X^vko-dn¬ ]kvXm-hn®Hcp ]kvXm-h-\-bpsS kmcw Ipdn-°p-∂Xv kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xp∂p.

iuIm\o (d) ]d-™-Xns‚ Npcp°w: "IjvS-X-Iƒ _m[n-°p-tºmƒ D]-Im-chpw D]-Z-hhpw sNbvhm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-tcmSv˛ A√m-lp-h-√m-Ø-h-tcmSv˛ klm-b-Øn-\-t]-£n-°p-Ibpw, A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ ]m¿Y\ hn´p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂C∂sØ ]mac P\-ß-fpsS ]Xnhv hºn® hnUvVn-Øhpw, Hcp ]pXnb Zp¿am¿K-

2586





hp-am-sW∂v Cu hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em°mw. AX-bp-a√, ]gb ImesØZp¿am¿K-sØ-°mƒ ITn-\-asX AXv. ]Xn-ê Znh-k-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Ccn-°s´, X\n Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒt]mepw ]d-™p-tI´ hm°v, "\n\°vh√ B]Øpw _m[n-®m¬, \o A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv klmbw tXS-cptX! tXS-cptX!ImcWw, A√mlp thKw DØcw \¬Ip-I-bn√. \ns‚ ÿnXn Ah\v Hcp kmc-ap-≈-Xmbn tXm∂p-I-bp-an√. acn-®p-t]mb "Huenbm'°tfmSv klmbw tXSn-s°m-≈q.Ah¿ thKw DØcw \¬Ip-∂-Xpw, \ns‚ ÿnXn Kuc-h-Øn-se-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip∂p.'CXm-Wm-hm°v. Fs‚ sNhn B hm°v ]pdw-X-≈n-°-f™p, Fs‚ IÆp-\o¿\n¬°m-Xmbn. Fs∂bpw, apkvenw-I-sfbpw Cu amXncn hgn-tI-Sn¬s]-SmsX c£n-t°-Wta! F∂v Rm≥ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m¿Yn®p. CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ ]e hm°p-Ifpw C∂v ]e ssiJv]qP-I≥am-cnepw ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv.

B]-Øp-Iƒ hcp-tºmƒ, Xß-fpsS ssZh-ßsf ad∂v A√m-lp-hn-s\-Xs∂hnfn-°p-Ibpw B]Øv \oßn-bm¬ A√m-lp-hns\ ad-∂p-I-f-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-tcm-SmWv A√mlp "F∂m¬, \nßƒ kpJ-sa-Sp-Øp-sIm-≈p-hn≥; \nßƒ hgnsb

Adn-™p-sIm≈pw.' ( ) F∂v Xm°oXv sNbvX-Xv. At∏mƒ,

B]-Øv-h-cp-tºmƒ t]mepw A√m-lp-hns\ Hm¿an-°p-Ibpw hnfn®p ]m¿Yn-°p-IbpwsNtø-≠-Xn-s√∂pw, a‰p h√-h-scbpw hnfn®p ]m¿Yn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw D]-tZ-in-°p-hm≥ ss[cyw ImWn-°p∂ [n°m-cn-I-sf-∏‰n A√mlp F¥m-bn-cn°pw ]d-bp-

I-sb∂v Btem-Nn®p t\m°pI! ¬∏dG PÉ©e A√mlp \sΩ Im°s´. Bao≥.

[56] \mw Xßƒ°v \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xn¬ \n∂v Hcp ]¶v (bYm¿YÿnXn) Xßƒ°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-h¿°v Ah¿ B°n-sh-°p-IbpwsNøp∂p. (tl, Iq´tc,) A√m-lp-hn -s\-Ø-s∂-bmW (kXyw)!\nßƒ sIń-®-a-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰nXo¿®-bmbpw \nßƒ tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv.

[56] Ah¿ B°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p Ah¿ Adn-bm-Ø-

h¿°v, Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-h¿°v Hcp ]¶v, Hmlcn Ah¿°v \mw

\¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xn¬ \n∂v A√m-lp-hn-s\-Ø-s∂-bmW (kXyw) Xo¿®-

bmbpw \nßƒ tNmZyw sNø-s∏Spw \nßƒ Bbn-cp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n

\nßƒ sIń-®-a°pw, I≈w ]d-™p-≠m°pw.

apivcn-°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]Xn-hm-bn-cp∂ Hcp tXm∂n-b-hm-k-am-WnXv. A√mlp\¬Inb Irjn hn`-h-ßƒ, I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ apX-emb A\p-K-l-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hcp-`mKw Xß-fpsS hnKl ssZh-ßƒ°v Ah¿ hgn-]mSpw t\¿®-bp-ambn \o°n-sh°pw.

2587





(kqx A≥Bw 136˛¬ CXp kw_-‘n®v IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-I-cWw apºv Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p≠v.) bmsXmcp \ymbhpw sXfn-hp-an-√msX Ah¿ kzbw sIń-bp-≠m-°nbCØcw \nIr-jvS-Ir-Xy-ßsf A√mlp \n m-c-am°n Ah-K-Wn®p If-bp-sa∂v Icp-tX≠, Ah-sb-∏‰n icn°pw Ahsc tNmZyw sNøp-I-Xs∂ sNøp-sa∂v A√mlpAhsc Xm°oXv sNøp∂p. Nne "ssiJ' ≥am¿°pw, "Pmd' ßƒ°p-am°n Irjn-bpsS Nne `mK-ß-sfbpw, BSp-am-Sp-I-sfbpw hgn-]m-Sm°n \o°n-sh-°p∂ ]Xnhv]ma-c≥amcpw A‘-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-amb Nne apkvenw-I-fn¬ C∂pw ImWmw. CuBt£-]hpw Xm°oXpw Ah¿°pw _m[-I-am-Ip∂p.

(Xßƒ Adn-bm-Ø-h¿°v) F∂ hm°v c≠p ]Im-c-Øn¬ hymJym-

\n-°-s∏-Sm-dp≠v: (1) H∂pw Adn-™p-Iq-SmØ˛AYhm _p≤nbpw Adn-hp-an-√mØ˛\n¿÷o-h-ß-fmb B hnK-l-ßƒ°v F∂pw, (2) Xßƒ°v h√ D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNbvhm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂ bYm¿Yw Ah¿ a\- n-em-°n-bn-ń-√mØ hnK-l-ßƒ°v F∂pw. H∂m-asØ hymJym-\-]-Imcw, Poh\pw _p≤n-i-‡n-bp-an-√mØ B hnK-l-ßƒ°v-th≠n [\w \o°n-sh-°p-∂-Xn-e-S-ßnb hnUvVn-Ø-sØbpw, c≠m-asØ hymJym-\-]-Imcw, hnK-l-ß-fpsS bYm¿Y ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°msX A‘-ambn \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ hnUvVn-Ø-sØ-bp-am-bn-cn°pwB hmIyw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv. c≠m-bmepw Iem-i-Øn¬ H∂p-Xs∂.

[ 57] Ah¿ A√m-lp -hn\vs]ä-°sf B°n-sh-°p-IbpwsNøp∂p; Ah≥ alm-]-cn-ip-≤≥!Ah¿°m-Is´, Ah¿ COn-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw [Bä-°-sfbpw B-°p∂p]!

[ 58] Ah-cn¬ Hcmƒ°vs]Æns\ [s]Ïp-ńsb]∏‰nkt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°-s∏-´mtem, Ah≥ tIm]w \nd-™-h-\m -bn -s°m≠v Ahs‚ apJw(Ccp≠v) Idp-Ø-Xm-bn-Øocpw!

[59] Ah\v kt¥m-j-hm¿ØAdn-bn-°-s∏-´-Xns‚ NoØØw\nanØw Ah≥ P\-ß-fn¬ \n∂vHfn™p (amdn) t]mIp-∂-XmWv!

AXns\ \nµy-X-tbmsS sh®p-sIm -≠n -cn -°p -Itbm, AX√,AXns\ aÆn¬ aqSp-Itbm? [GXv

2588





thW-sa-∂m-bn-cn°pw Btem-N\]

A√m ˛(Adn-bpI) Ah¿ hn[nIev]n-°p-∂Xv hfsc NoØ!

[57] Ah¿ B°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p A√m-lp-hn\v s]ä-

°sf Ah≥ alm-]-cn-ip-≤≥ (Ahs\ hmgvØp∂p) Ah¿°m-Is´,

Ah¿t°m Ah¿ C—n-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw [58] kt¥m-j-a-dn-bn-°-

s∏-´m¬ Ah-cn¬ Hcmƒ°v s]Æn-s\-∏‰n Bbn-Øocpw

Ahs‚ apJw Idp-ØXv Ah-\m-Is´, Ah≥ Bbn-cns°

(tIm]w) \nd-™-h≥, Ip]n-X-\m-bn-cn°pw [59] Ah≥ Hfn-™p-t]mIpw,

ad-™p-t]mIpw P\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v tZmj (Xn∑˛ NoØ)Øm¬

bmsXm-∂ns‚ Ah\v kt¥m-j-a-dn-bn-°-s∏´ AXn-s\-∏‰n AXns\

Ah≥ sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Itbm \nµy-X-tbmsS AX√, AtXm

AXns\ Xń (aqSn)°f-bp-Itbm, aqSp-Itbm aÆn¬ A√m (Adn-

bpI) hfsc tamiw, FXtbm NoØ Ah¿ hn[n (I¬]n) °p∂Xv

apivcn-°p-I-fpsS AXn-\o-N-amb thsdmcp aqV-hn-izm-k-amWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv. ae-°p-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ s]ä-°-fm-sW-∂mWv Ah-cpsSP¬]\w. Aßns\, Ah-cpsS t]cn¬ hnK-l-ßƒ \n¿an®p Bcm-[n-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-cp∂p. Nne tZho-tZ-h≥am-cpsS ]Xn-jvT-sb∂v k¶¬]n-®p-sIm≠v AXp-t]mse ÿm]n-°-s∏- n- p≈ hnK-l-ßƒ C∂pw [mcmfw ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv. AtX-k-a-bØv Xßƒ°v s]ä-°ƒ P\n-°p-∂Xv B apivcn-°p-Iƒ°v hºn® A]-am-\hpw, ISpØ tIm]-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p-Xm\pw. bp≤-]n-b-cmb Ah¿°v s]ä-°ƒ]e-\n-e°pw Hcp `mc-am-bn-tØm-∂n-b-Xn¬ \n∂p-≠m-bn-Øo¿∂ Cu shdp∏v Ah-cn¬ FX-amXw cq£-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v A√m-lp-hns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂v-Xs∂hy‡-am-Ip∂p.

AXm-bXv, Hcmƒ°v- Hcp aIƒ ]nd-∂n-´p-s≠∂ hm¿Ø tIƒt°≠ XmakwAbm-fpsS apJw Idp-Øn-cp-≠p-t]mIpw. A]-am-\hpw, hyk-\hpw \nanØw tIm]wISn-®n-d-°n-s°m-≠n-cn°pw. P\-at[y ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ t]mepw e÷. A]-am\w`b∂p Hfn-®p-\-S°pw. A]-am-\hpw, Ffn-a-Xzhpw kln-®p-sIm≠v B Ipńsb Xm≥sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-t°-Wtam? AX√, ]ecpw sNøm-dp-≈-Xvt]mse, AXns\ aÆn-en´p aqSn AXns‚ IY Ign-t°-Wtam CXm-bn-cn°pw ]n∂sØ Nn¥. _m°n-bm-°p-∂-]£w, P\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ ]cn-lm-khpw A]-am-\hpw kln-t°-≠n-hcpw.Ipń-tbm-Sp≈ s]cp-am-‰-am-Is´ tIhew arK-Xp-ey-hp-am-bn-cn°pw. Bä-°ƒ°p≈ÿm\tam, emf-\tbm H∂pw AXn\v e`n-°p-I-bn√. Ipgn-®p-aq-Sp-∂-]£w sIm∂pIpgn-®n-Sp-I-b√˛Poh-t\msS aÆn- p-aq-Sp-I-bm-bn-cn°pw sNøpI. CX-tØmfw Ad∏pwshdp-∏p-ambn Ah¿ KWn-®p-h-cp∂ s]ä-°-fmWv A√m-lp-hn-∂p-s≠∂v Ah¿

2589





]d-™p-h-cp-∂Xv. I≈w sIń-∏-d-bp-∂-Xn\pw tht≠ Hc-Xncv? s]Ïp-™p-ßsf]k-hn-°p-∂Xv \nanØw `¿Øm-°ƒ `mcy-am-tcmSv \n -l-I-cWw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. Cßns\ \n -l-I-c-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-bmb Hcp kvXo ]mSnb Hcp]Zyw C]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p:˛ (*) "F¥mWv lwk-bpsS ]nXmhv \ΩpsSASp-°¬ hcp-∂n√? \ΩpsS ASp-Ø-ho- n¬ Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-I-bm-Wt√m. \mw BÏp-ń-Isf ]k-hn-°mbvI \nanØw Ip]n-X-\m-W-t±lw. \ΩpsS Imcyw \mw Dt±-in-®-t]m-se-bm-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-bn-√t√m'.

apivcn-°p-I-fpsS Cu I≈-hm-Z-Øn¬ aq∂v ISpØ A]-cm-[-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p.

(1) ae-°p-Iƒ kvXoI-fm-sW∂ hmZw

(dlvam-\m-bp-≈-hs‚ ASn-bm≥am-cmb ae-°p-Isf Ah¿ s]Æp-ß-fm°n. (43:19)F∂v A√mlp ]d-™Xv CXn-s\-∏-‰n-bm-Ip∂p.

(2) ae-°p-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ a°-fm-sW∂ hmZw (A√mlp

a°sf kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah¿ ]d™p. (18:4) F∂pw a‰pw ]d-™XvCXn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv.

(3) A√m-lp-hn-\p-s≠∂v hmZn-°p∂ a°ƒ Bä-°-fm-sW-∂v-t]mepw ]d-bp-hm≥ Xøm-dn-√msX, Xßƒ Atß-A‰w shdp-°p∂ s]ä-°-fm-sW-∂-hmZw.

Xmsg 62˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ (Xßƒ shdp-°p-∂-Xns\ Ah¿

A√m-lp-hn-∂m-°p∂p) F∂v ]d-™Xv CXns\ kw_-‘n-®p-am-Ip∂p. CsX√mw

IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠mWv Cu hmZ-sØ-∏‰n (A√m! Ah¿ hn[n-

I¬]n-°p-∂Xv FXtbm NoØ!) F∂v A√mlp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

[60] (AsX) ]c-tem-I-Øn¬hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿°sX Zpjn®D]a (D≈Xv). A√m-lp-hn -∂m-Ip∂p, AXyp -∂-X -amb D]a(D≈Xv), Ah-\sX, ]Xm-]-im-enbpw AKm-[-⁄-\p-am-bp-≈-h\pw.

[60] hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿°mWv ]c-tem-I-Øn¬

D]a, DZm-l-cWw, amXrI tami-Øns‚, Xn≥a-bpsS A√m-lp-hn-\p≠v

D]a, DZm-l-cWw AXyp-∂-X-amb Ah≥, Ah-\sX ]Xm-

]-imen AKm-[-⁄≥, bp‡n-am≥.

(*)Énæ«∏nj ipòsdG pâr«nÑdG ≈pa tπn¶nj Énæ«JCÉnj n’ nInõrªnM ≈pHn’ ÉneÉnæ«°pT Éne Énf pôrenG røpe Énænd n¢ùr«nd Énæ«pænÑdG p~p∏nf s’nG ¿ÉÑ° nZ

2590





]c-tem-I-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-cpsS ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-tºmƒ, Zpjn-®Xpw tami-I-c-hp-amb D]-a-Ifpw kmZr-iy-ß-fp-am-bn-cn°pw hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ D≠m-bn-cn-°pI. A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-tºm-gm-Is´ AXyp-∂-Xhpw AXyp¬Ir-jvS-hp-amb D]-a-Ifpw kmZr-iy-ß-fp-am-bn-cn°pw D≠m-bn-cn-°pI F∂v kmcw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn; Ah-sc-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-tºmƒ, bmsXmcp KpWtam tZmjtam sNbvhm≥Ign-bmØ hkvXp-°sf ssZh-ß-fm°n sh®-h¿, a°-fn-√m-Ø-]£w hnjaw A\p--h-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿, s]¨a-°sf shdp-°p-∂-h¿, kz¥w a°sf Ipgn-®p-aq-Sp-∂-h¿ F∂n-

ß-s\-bp≈ h¿W-\-I-fm-bn-cn°pw ]d-bp-hm-\p-≠m-bn-cn-°pI. A√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn®p]d-bp-tºmtgm? k¿h-temI kjvSmhv, temI-\n-b-¥mhv, a°-fp-sStbm at‰m Bh-iyhpw Bi-b-hp-an-√m-Ø-h≥, CWbpw, XpW-bp-an-√m-Ø-h≥, Xpey\pw ka-\p-an-√m-Ø-h≥ Fs∂m-s°-bm-bn-cn°pw hnti-jn-∏n-°m-\p-≠m-hpI. AYhm Ahs‚GsXmcp KpW-sØ-°p-dn®v ]kvXm-hn-®mepw AXv AXyp-∂X \ne-hm-c-Øn-ep-≈Xpw, a‰m¿°pw AXn¬ ]¶n-√m-Ø-Xp-am-bn-cn°pw.

hn`mKw ˛ 8

[ 61] a\p -jysc Ah-cpsSAIaw \nanØw A√mlp ]nSn-Iq-SpI []nSn®p in£n-°pI]bmbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, AXns‚ [`qan-bpsS]

ta¬ Hcp Pohn -sbbpw Ah≥(_m°n-bm°n) hnt´-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√. F¶nepw, \n¿W-bn-°-s∏´ Hc-h-[n -hsc Ahsc Ah≥ (Hgn -hm°n) ]n¥n-®p-sh-°p-I-bmWv;F∂m¬, Ah-cpsS (B) Ah[nh∂m¬, (]ns∂) Hcp \mgnI(kabw) Ah¿ ]n¥n-t∏m-Ip-I-bm-Is´, ap¥n-t∏m-Ip-I-bm-Is´ sNbvI-bn√.

[61] ]nSn-Iq-Sp-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ (]nSn®p in£n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬)

A√mlp a\p-jysc Ah-cpsS AIaw \nanØw, A\o-Xn-sIm≠v

Ah≥ hnSp-I-bn√m (Hgn-hm°n hnSp-I-bn√m)bncp∂p AXn≥ta¬, AXn¬

Hcp Pohn-sbbpw, P¥p-shbpw F¶nepw Ah-\-hsc ]n¥n-°p∂p,

]nt∂m- v sh-°p∂p Hcp Ah-[n-hsc \n¿W-bn-°-s∏´ F∂m¬

h∂m¬ Ah-cpsS Ah[n Ah¿ ]n¥pI (]nt∂m°w t]mI)bn√

Hcp \mgnI, A¬]-k-abw Ah¿ ap¥pI (apt∂m°w t]mI)bn√.

2591





a\p-jy¿ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ AI-a-ßƒ°v A√mlp A∏-t∏mƒ Xs∂ in£m\S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Cu `qap-JØv Hcp Pohnbpw _m°n-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n√. AXbpw Zpjn-®Xpw Zqc-hym-]-I-hp-amWv Ah-cpsS sNbvXn-Iƒ. ]t£,Ahs‚ Zbhpw Imcp-Wyhpw \nanØw s]s´∂v \S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°msX Ah≥ AXn-s\mcp \n›nX Ah[n sh®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. AXn\vapºv Ah¿°v aS-ßp-hm\pw]›m-Ø-]n-°p-hm\pw Ah-k-c-ap≠v. B Ah-[n-bn¬ AWp-thmfw am‰w hcp-I-bn√. XnI®pw IrXy-k-a-b-Øp-Xs∂ AXv kw`-hn°pw. a\p-jy≥ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw, Xs‚ kz¥-tØmSpw, kaq-l-tØmSpw, kl-Po-hn-I-tfmSpw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ AI-a-ß-sfbpw, A\o-Xn-I-sfbpw Ipdn®v icn-s°m∂v Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°p∂ Gh¿°pw A√m-lp-hns‚ Cu ]kvXm-h-\-bpsS Kuchw a\- n-em-Ip-∂-XmWv. hy‡n-bm-Is´, kaq-l-am-Is´, kap-Zm-b-am-Is´ Ah-cpsS AI-a-Øn\v in£\¬tI-≠Xv Ft∏m-gm-sW∂pw Fßn-s\-bm-sW∂pw A√mlp \n¿W-bn®p sh®n-´p≠v. AXmWv \n¿W-bn-°-s∏´ Ah[nhsc Ah¿°v Hgn-hp-sIm-Sp-°p-sa∂v ]d-™Xv. Cu hN-\-Ønse Bibw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ a‰p ]e hN-\-ßƒ thsdbpwIzp¿-B-\n-ep≠v. 7:34; 15:4, 5; 35:45 apX-em-b-hbpw hymJym-\hpw t\m°pI.

ss_l-Iznbpw, C_v\p-P-codpw (d) \nth-Z\w sNøp∂p: "AIaw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h≥ X\n°v Xs∂-b-√msX ad-dm¿°pw D]-Zhw sNøp-∂n√' F∂v Hcmƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) tI´p. At∏mƒ At±lw ]d™p: "\n›-b-ambpwAI-an-bpsS AIaw \nanØw ImS-∏£n AXns‚ Iq´n¬ sh®p NØp-t]m-Ip∂p.'Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ t]m∂ Hcp DZm-l-c-W-asX A_q-lpdbvdx (d)CXv-aqew Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv. Hcmƒ sNbvX sNdnb Hcp sX‰p-\n-anØw Nne-t∏mƒZqc-hym-]-I-amb A\n-jvS-kw-`-h-ßƒ D≠m-Im-dp-≠t√m.

[62] Xßƒ shdp-°p-∂-Xns\Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn-∂m-°p∂p! G‰w\∂m-bp-≈Xv Xßƒ°m-sW∂vAh-cpsS \mhp-Iƒ hymP-h¿W\\S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂p!

\n w-i-b-asX, Ah¿°v \c-I-ap -s≠-∂p-≈Xpw, Ah¿ (AXn-te°v) ap∂n¬ sIm≠p-h-c-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-sW-∂p-≈Xpw!

[62] Ah¿ B°p∂p A√m-lp-hn∂v Ah¿ shdp-°p-

∂-Xns\ hnh-cn-°pI (h¿Wn-°pI˛hnti-jn-∏n°p)bpw sNøp∂p

Ah-cpsS \mhp-Iƒ hymPw (hymP h¿W\) Ah¿°p-s≠∂v

G‰w \∂m-bp-≈Xv \n w-ibw (sX‰√˛kXy-amWv) Ah¿°p≠v

(Ah¿°mWv) F∂p-≈Xv \cIw Ah¿ (BIp∂p) F∂p-≈Xpw

2592





apºn¬ sIm≠p-h-c-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿

apºv ]kvXm-hn-®-t]mse, B Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS ASp-°¬ G‰hpw shdp-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv s]ä-°ƒ. F∂n´pw, A√m-lp-hn\v a°-fp-s≠∂v amX-a√, AXvs]ä-°-fm-sW-∂p-IqSn Ah¿ h¿Wn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠pw Ah¿ aXn-bm-°p-∂n√. G‰hpw \∂m-bp-≈-sXms° Xßƒ°m-bn-cn°pw e`n-°p-I-sb∂pw, AXn-∂-h-Im-in-Iƒ Xß-fm-sW∂pw Ah¿ hmbm-SnØw ]d-bp∂p. hmkvX-h-am-Is´, t\scadn-®p-≈Xpw. AsX, Ah¿°v e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂Xv G‰hpw hj-fhpw G‰hpwISp-Ø-Xp-amb \c-I-am-bn-cn°pw, BZy-ambn AXn¬ ]th-in-°-s∏-Sp∂ G‰hpwhenb tIUn-Ifpw Ah¿ Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°pw.

Cl-Øn¬ e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ F√m \√ mhnbpw, D∂-X-]-Z-hnbpw, Xßƒ°m-sW∂pw, ]c-temIw Fs∂m-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Ahn-sSbpw Xß-fm-bn-cn°pw apº≥am¿F∂p-am-W-h-cpsS hmZw. aXsØ [n°-cn-°p-Ibpw, ]c-tem-IsØ \ntj-[n-°p-IbpwsNøp-∂-h-cpsS F√m Ime-Øp-ap≈ hoc-hmZw˛bYm¿Y-Øn¬ hymP P¬]\w˛Xs∂-bm-WnXv. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "Ah\v h√ IjvS-Xbpw _m[n-®-tijw, \ΩpsS]°¬\n-∂p≈ h√ Imcp-Wy-sØbpw Ah∂v \mw Bkz-Zn-∏n-®p-sh-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ ]dbpw: CsX-\n-°p-≈-XmWv; A¥y-k-abw \ne-hn¬ hcp-∂-Xm-sW∂v Rm≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p-an√; Fs‚ d∫n-¶-te°v Rm≥ aS-°-s∏-´p-sh-¶n¬Øs∂, \n›-b-ambpw F\n°v Ahs‚ ASp-°¬ G‰hpw \√-XvXs∂ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv.' (41:50) hnizm-knbpw, Ahn-izm-kn-bp-amb c≠v tXm -°m¿ XΩn¬\S∂ Hcp kw`m-jWw hnh-cn-°p∂ as≤y, Ahn-izmkn ]d-™-Xmbn A√mlpD≤-cn-°p∂p: "Hcp ImeØpw CXv (Cu tXm´w) \in-®p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v Rm≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂n√. A¥y-k-abw kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pw Rm≥ hnNm-cn-°p-∂n√. Rm≥Fs‚ d∫n-¶-te°v aS-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ Xs∂, \n›-b-ambpw CXns\-°mƒDØ-a-amb Hcp aS -ßn -s®-√p∂ ÿm\w Xo¿®-bmbpw F\n°v In´p -∂-XmWv."(A¬Ilv^v 36)

[63] (\_ntb) A√m-lp-hn-s\-Ø-s∂-bmW (kXyw)! \n\°v apºv]e kap-Zm-b-ß-fn-te°pw \mw(dkq -ep -Isf) Ab-®n -´p≠v;F∂m¬ ]nimNv Ah¿°v Xß-fpsS ]hr-Øn-Isf Ae-¶m-c-am-°n-°m-Wn®p; Aßs\, C∂v (Cl-Øn¬) Ah≥ Ah-cpsS anXw(AYhm ssIIm-cy -°m -c≥)BIp∂p. Ah¿°v thZ-\-tb-dnbin£-bp-ap≠v.

[64] \n\°v \mw (Cu) thZ-KŸw Cd-°n-Ø-∂n-ń√; Ah¿bmsXm-∂n¬ n∂m- n-]m-b-Øn-em-bn-

2593





cn-°p-∂pthm AXns\ Ah¿°v \ohnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ th≠n-b-√msX; hniz-kn-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°vam¿K-Z¿i-\hpw, Imcp-Wy-hp-am-bns°m≠pw (A√msX)

[65] A√mlp (Xs∂) BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v (ag) sh≈w Cd-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; F∂n´v, `qansbAXns‚ \n¿Po-hX-°p-tijw AXp-sIm≠v Ah≥ Pohn-∏n®p. \n›-b-ambpw, tI´-dn-bp∂ P\-ßƒ°vAXn¬ Hcp (hºn®) ZrjvSm-¥-ap≠v.

[63] A√mlp Xs∂-bmW Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Ab-®n- p≠v

]e kap-Zm-b-ß-fn-te°pw \ns‚ apºv F∂m¬ (F∂n´v) Ae-¶m-c-

am°n (`wKn-bm°n) ImWn®p Ah¿°v ]nimNv Ah-cpsS ]hr-

Øn-Isf Aßs\ (F∂n´v) Ah≥ Ah-cpsS anXw (ssIIm-cy-°m-c≥)

BIp∂p C∂v Ah¿°p-≠vXm\pw in£, thZ-\-tb-dnb [64]

\mw Cd-°n-bn-´n√ \ns‚ ta¬, \n\°v (thZ) KŸw

\o hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ th≠n-b-√msX Ah¿°v bmsXm-∂ns\

Ah¿ `n∂n®p, A`n-]mb hyXym-k-ambn AXn¬ am¿K-Z¿i\

(k≥am¿K)ambpw Imcp-Wy-ambpw P\-ßƒ°v Ah¿ hniz-kn-

°p∂p [65] A√mlp (Xs∂) Cd°n BIm-i-Øp \n∂v

sh≈w F∂n-´-h≥ Pohn-∏n®p AXp-sIm≠v `qansb tijw

AXns‚ ac-W-Øn\v (\n¿÷o-h-X°v) \n›-b-ambpw AXn-ep≠v

Hcp ZrjvSm¥w tIƒ°p∂ (tI´p a\- n-em-°p∂) P\-ßƒ°v

a\p-jy¿°mbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ Imcy-ßƒ Ah¿°v hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥th≠n-bmWv \_n˜°v Izp¿-B-\m-Ip∂ ]amWw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-sX∂v 44˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®p-ht√m. ]kvXpX e£y-Øns‚ Hcp ][m\ hi-amWv 64˛mwhN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv. aX-]-c-amb hnizm-km-Nm-c-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sn-bn-cp∂ `n∂m-`n-]m-b-ß-fn-ep≈ bYm¿Yhpw kXyhpw hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI F∂p-≈-Xm-WXv. F∂m¬ 63˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ I≠-Xv t]mse˛kXy-am¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v `n∂n-®-I-∂p-t]m-b-h-sc√mw dkq-ep-I-fpsS D]-tZ-i-ßƒ kzoI-cn®p kXy-Øn-te°v aS-ßp-∂-X√. an°-hcpw ]nim-Nns‚ Zpcp-]-tZ-i-ßƒ°-Sn-a-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-hpI. Ign-™p-t]mb F√m kap-Zm-b-ß-fp-sSbpw ÿnXn CXv

2594





Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cn°pw Cu kap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw ÿnXn.AXp-sIm≠v Aßn-s\-bp-≈-h¿°v Izp¿-Bs‚ am¿K-Z¿i\w D]-I-cn-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw,kXyw a\- n-em°n kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dp-≈-h¿t° Izp¿-Bs‚am¿K-Z¿i-\hpw A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-lhpw e`n-°p-I-bp-f-fq-sh∂pw Nq≠n-°m-ń-bn-cn-°p∂p.

BIm-i-Øv -\n∂v ag-sh≈w Cd°n AXp-hgn D¬]m-Z\ tbmKy-a-√msX \n¿÷o-h-am-bn-°n-S-°p∂ `qansb A√mlp Pohn-∏n-°p∂p. Aßns\ a\p-jys‚ imco-cn-Ihpw ùXn-I-hp-amb \ne-\n¬]n\pw A`n-hr-≤n°pw A\n-hm-cy-amb A∂-]m-\mZnImcy-ßƒ Ah≥ a\p-jy\v Hcp-°n-s°m-Sp-°p∂p. AXp-t]mse Ahs‚ Bflo-bhpw ]mc-Xn-I-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øns‚ \∑°v A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fmWv Izp¿-B≥ hgn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw, \n¿÷o-h-amb `qansb ho≠pwPoh- p-≈-Xm-°n-Øo¿°p-∂-Xv t]mse \n¿÷o-h-amb tijw a\p-jy-s\bpw Ah≥ho≠pw Pohn-∏n-°p-sa∂pw 65˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p. Imcy-ßƒth≠-Xv t]mse tI´p a\- n-em-°p-∂-h¿°v CXn-se√mw AS-ßnb ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒIs≠-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v Ah-km\w DW¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p.

hn`mKw ˛ 9

[66] \n›-b-ambpw, \nßƒ°v(BSp-am-sSm- -I-ß-fm-Ip∂) Imen-I-fn-ep-ap≠v Hcp (henb) Nn¥m-hn-jbw.

AXns‚ [B h¿K-Øns‚] hb-dp-I-fn-ep-≈-Xn¬ \n∂v ˛ (IpS-ep-I-fnse) NmW-I-®-≠n-bp-sSbpw, c‡-Øn-s‚bpw CS -bn¬ \n∂v˛\nßƒ°v \mw IpSn -°p -hm≥\¬Ip∂p, IpSn -°p -∂-h¿°v(thKw) Cd-ßn-t∏m-Ip∂ kz—-amb]m¬.

[66] \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ°p≠v Imen-I-fn¬ (BSp-am-

sSm-´-I-ß-fn¬) Hcp Nn¥m-hn-jbw (Nn¥m-]mTw) \nßƒ°v \mw

IpSn-°p-hm≥ \¬Ip∂p AXns‚ hbdp (D≈w˛ Dƒ`mKw) Ifn-ep-≈-

Xn¬\n∂v CS-bn¬\n∂v (IpS-ense) NmW-I-Øns‚, Nh-dns‚, ]n≠n-

bpsS, c‡-Øn-s‚bpw ]mens\ X\n®, kz—-amb (Ie¿∏n-√mØ)

thKw (sXm≠-bn-eqsS) Cd-ßn-t∏m-Ip∂ IpSn-°p-∂-h¿°v

2595





a\p-jy\v A√mlp \¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Nne A\p-K-l-ß-sfbpw, Ah-bn-e-S-ßnb ZrjvSm-¥-ß-sf-bp-amWv Cu hN-\-Ønepw XpS¿∂p≈ Nne hN-\-ß-fnepwHm¿an-∏n-°p-∂Xv. \nßƒ kZm D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Imen-I-fn¬Xs∂ \nßƒ°v hºn® Nn¥m-]m-T-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-s≠∂ apJ-hp-c-tbm-Sp-IqSn, Ah-bn¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ ]mens‚ D¤-h-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂Xv. lrZyhpw cpNn-I-c-hp-amb Hcp ]m\o-bhpw, t]mjI ][m-\-ambHcp Blm-c-hp-amWv ]m¬. F∂m¬ AXns‚ D¤-h-ÿm-\tam? Imen-Iƒ ta™p-Xn-∂p∂ kky- -£-W-ßƒ Ah-bpsS Zl-t\-µn-b-ß-fn¬ sN∂p Zln-°p-∂-tXmsS,Ah kØpw N≠n-bp-ambn th¿Xn-cn-bp∂p. kØn¬\n∂v c‡hpw ]mepw D≠m-Ip∂p. N≠nbn¬\n∂v NmW-Ihpw aqXhpw Dcp-Øn-cn-bp∂p. c‡-Øn-s‚tbm,NmWI aqXm-Zn-I-fp-sStbm Ie¿s∏m∂pw Ie-cmsX, X\n ip≤-amb ]m¬ Ah-°n-S-bn¬\n∂v Ah-bpsS AIn-Sp-I-fn-eqsS ]pd-Øv h-cp∂p. A¤p-X-I-c-amb Cu]In-b-bpsS ]n∂n¬ AXn-hn-Z-Kv≤-amb Hcp i‡n ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v k¬_p-≤n-bp≈ Gh¿°pw a\- n-em-°m-at√m. A√mlp XpS-cp∂p:˛

[67] CuØ-∏-\-bp-sSbpw, ap¥n-cn-I-fp-sSbpw ^e-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw(\nßƒ°v IpSn -°p -hm≥\¬Ip∂p.) (AsX) AXn¬\n∂pwel-cn-bp-≈Xpw [I≈pw], \√-XmbBlm-chpw \nßƒ D≠m-°p∂p.\n›-b-ambpw, _p≤n D]-tbmKn (®pNn¥n) °p∂ P\-ßƒ°v AXn¬Hcp (henb) ZrjvSm-¥-ap≠v.

[67] e-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw CuØ-∏-\-bpsS ap¥n-cn-

I-fp-sSbpw \nßƒ D≠m-°p∂p AXn¬\n∂v aØp≈ (el-cn-

bp≈)Xv Blm-chpw \√-Xmb \n›-b-ambpw AXn-ep≠v

Hcp ZrjvSm¥w _p≤n sImSp-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v

NmW-I-∏n-≠n-bp-sSbpw c‡-Øn-s‚bpw CS-bn¬\n∂v Ie¿∏n-√mØ ]men\vP∑w \¬In-b-t]mse, Htc-Xcw ^e-ß-fn¬ \n∂vXs∂ el-cn-bp≈ I≈pw, ]e-Xcw \√-Xmb Blm-c-]m-\o-b-ßfpw A√mlp \¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p. _p≤nsImSpØp Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v CXnepw A¤p-X-I-c-amb ZrjvSm¥w Is≠-Øp-hm-\p-s≠∂v DW¿Øp-I-bmWv.

I≈ns‚ \ntcm[w Ckv-em-an¬ \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Ah-X-cn-®-XmWv CukqdØv. B \ne°v A\p-K-l-ß-fpsS Iq -Øn¬ elcn ]Zm¿∞-amb I≈n-s\bpwDƒs∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn¬ Akmw-K-Xy-an√. AtX-k-abw, AtXmSv tN¿Øp-sIm≠v "\√-

Xmb Blm-chpw' ( ) F∂v IqSn ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xn¬\n∂v I≈v "\√ Blm-

2596





c-hkvXp"hs√∂v AXn¬ Hcp kqN-\bpw ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv. \√ Blm-c-a-√m-Ø-XvsIm≠v Xs∂-bmWv ]n∂o-SXv \ntcm-[n-°-s∏-´Xpw. I≈v \ntcm-[n-®p-sIm-≠p≈

Hcp hN-\-Øn¬ (5:90) AXns\ (tæ—w) F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®n- p-≈Xpw ]kvXm-

hy-am-Ip∂p. I≈v \√ Blm-c-h-kvXp-°-fn¬s]-´-X√ ˛tæ— hkvXp-°-fn¬ s]´-XmWv˛ F∂n-cp-∂mepw, Htc-Xcw ê-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-amb cpNnbpw hyXy-kvX-amb KpW-hp-ap≈ ]e hkvXp-°ƒ D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Hcp henb ZrjvSm¥wXs∂-bm-Wt√m.

[68] \ns‚ d∫v tX\o-®°v"hlvbv' [t_m[\w] \¬Ip-IbpwsNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; "ae-I-fn¬ \n∂v(Nnte-SØv) \o hoSp-Iƒ (IqSp-Iƒ)D≠m-°n-s°m-≈pI; hr£-ß-fn¬\n∂pw, Ah¿ [a\p-jy¿] sIńDb¿Øp-∂-h-bn¬ \n∂pw (Nne-Xnepw D≠m-°n-s°m-≈pI) F∂v;˛

[69] ]ns∂ F√m (hn[) ê-ß-fn¬\n∂pw \o Xn∂p-sIm-≈pI;F∂n´v kpK-a-amb \ne-bn¬ \ns‚d∫ns‚ (hI) am¿K-ß-fn¬ \o]th-in-°pI' F∂pw).

Ah-bpsS hb-dp-I-fn¬ \n∂v\nd-ßƒ hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp (Xcw)]m\obpw ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂p; AXn¬a\p-jy¿°v (tcmK) ia-\-ap≠v.\n›-b-ambpw, AXn¬ Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v Hcp (hºn®)ZrjvSm-¥-ap≠v.

[68] hlvbv (t_m[\w) \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p \ns‚

d∫v tX\o-®°v \o D≠m-°pI F∂v ae-I-fn¬ \n∂v

hoSp-Isf hr£-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ah¿ Db¿Øn-bp-

≠m-°p∂ (sIń Db¿Øp∂) Xn¬\n∂pw [69] ]ns∂ \o Xn∂pI

F√m-‰n¬\n∂v ê-ßƒ F∂n´v \o ]th-in-°pI, IS-∂p-Iq-

SpI hgn (am¿K) ßfn¬ \ns‚ d∫ns‚ ]mI-s∏´ (kpK-a-amb) \ne-

bn¬ ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂p AXns‚ (Ah-bpsS) hb-dp-I-fn¬\n∂v)

2597





Hcp ]m\obw hyXy-kvX-amb AXns‚ \nd-ßƒ AXn-

ep≠v ia\w a\p-jy¿°v \n›-b-ambpw AXn-ep≠v Hcp

ZrjvSm¥w Nn¥n-°p∂ P\-X°v

BSp-am-sSm- -I-ß-fpsS hb-dp-I-fn¬\n∂v NmW-I-Øn-s‚bpw c‡-Øn-s‚bpw CS-bn-eqsS ip≤-amb ]m¬ e`n-°p-∂-Xnepw, CuØ-∏-g-Øn¬\n∂pw, ap¥n-cn-∏-g-Øn¬\n∂pw elcn ]Zm¿∞hpw, \√ `£y-]-Zm¿∞-ßfpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xnepw AS-ßnb ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-®-tijw, tX\o-®-bnepw tX\nepw AS-ßnb ZrjvSm-¥-ß-sf-∏‰n Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°p-hm≥ A√mlp D¬t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. tX\o-®-sbbpwtX\n-s\bpw Ipdn®v ]e imkvX-⁄-∑mcpw ]WvUn-X-∑mcpw ]e `mj-I-fnepw]tXyIw KŸ-ßfpw teJ-\-ßfpw cNn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p≠v. tX\o-®-sb-°p-dn®v]Tn-°p-hm\pw, AXns‚ Pohn-X-coXn \nco-£n-®-dn-bp-hm\pw \S-Ø-s∏´ ]e ]T-\-i-a-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-ambn X¬°¿Øm-°ƒ°v e`n® hni-Z-amb Adn-hp-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ, Ah-bp-sS-sb√mw cXv\-®p-cp°w Cu c≠v Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fn¬AS-ßn-bn-´p-s≠∂v ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv. AX-bp-a√, Ah¿°v CtX-h-scbpwth≠X FØpw ]nSnbpw In´mØ Nne hi-ß-fn-te-°p≈ Nne kqN-\-Iƒ IqSnCu hN-\-ß-fn¬ Is≠-Øp-hm≥ Ign-t™°pw. Cu hN-\-ß-fnse hmIy-ß-fpsShy‡-amb A¿∞-hr-Ø-Øn¬ HXp-ßnb kwK-Xn-Iƒ amXw \ap-°n-hnsSHm¿an°mw ¬q∏dG AÉn°T r¿EG. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛

(\ns‚ d∫v tX\o-®°v hlvbv \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p.) \_n-am¿°v Znhy-k-tµ-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv km[m-cW (hlvbv) F∂v]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≈Xv. `mj-bn¬ AXn\v "kzIm-cy-ambn Adn-bn-°pI, thKw Adn-bn-°pI, ]Xps° kwkm-cn-°pI, kqN\ \¬IpI, t_m[\w \¬IpI' F∂pwa‰pw kµ¿t`m-NnXw A¿Yw hcpw. tX\o-®°v hlvbv \¬In F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚Xm¬]cyw AXn\v tXm∂n-∏n®p˛AYhm t_m[-ap-≠m°n˛F∂m-Ip∂p. tXm∂n-∏n®Imcy-ß-fmWv XpS¿∂p-]-d-bp-∂Xv. AXm-bXv, (ae-I-fn¬\n∂vhoSp-Iƒ˛ AYhm IqSp-Iƒ˛\n¿an-°pI F∂v.) ae-I-fn-ep≈ s]mØp-Iƒ, Af-Iƒ apX-emb Nne ]tXyI ÿe-ß-fn-em-bn-cn°pw tX\o® IqSv \n¿an-°p-∂Xv."ae-I-fn¬' Ft∂m at‰m ]d-bmsX, "ae-I-fn¬ \n∂v' F∂ ]tbmKw ae-I-fn¬\n∂pw AXn\v ]‰nb ]tXyI ÿe-ß-fmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw. tX≥Iq-Sp-Iƒ A[n-Ihpw ae-º-tZ-i-ß-fn-em-bn-cn-°p-sa-¶nepw, ac-s∏m-Øp-Iƒ, ac-s°m-ºp-Iƒ, a\p-jy-\n¿an-X-ß-fmb hoSp-Iƒ, aXn-ep-Iƒ, ]¥-ep-Iƒ BZn-bm-b-h-bnepwkpe`w Xs∂. AXmWv (ac-ß-fn¬\n∂pw, Ah¿˛a\p-jy¿˛sIń Db¿Øp-∂-h-bn¬ \n∂pw) F∂v ]d-™Xv. Cßns\ X°-Xmb ÿe-ß-fn¬ IqSv-sI-´p-hm-\p≈ t_mt[m-Zbw tX\o-®°v \¬In-bXv A√m-lp-h-√msXa‰m-cp-a√. AXv AXns‚ P∑-hm-k-\-bm-sW∂v amXw ]d™p Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿B hmk\ AXn\v Fßns\ kn≤n-®p-sh∂v Nn¥n-°m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cn°pw.

IqSv-sI-ń-b-tijw tX≥ tiJ-cn-t°-≠p∂ hn[hpw A√mlp AXn\v ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p (]ns∂, F√m-Xcw ê-h¿K-ß-fn¬\n∂pw \o Xn∂p-

2598





sIm-≈pI.) (ê-ßƒ) F∂v ChnsS ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv Imb-^-e-ßƒF∂ Dt±-iy-Øn-e√. ]g-ßfpw ]q°fpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ ê-ßƒ F∂ A¿∞-Øn-em-Ip∂p. kky-ß-fn¬\n∂pw hr£-ß-fn¬\n∂pw e`n-°p∂ F√m t`mPy-h-kvXp-°ƒ°pw ]d-b-s∏-Sm-hp∂ hm°mWv AXv. (*) tX\o-®-I-fpsS ][m\ ta®¬ÿm\w ]q°-fm-Ip∂p. Imb-Ifpw ]g-ßfpw D¤-hn-°p-∂Xpw ]q°-fn¬ \n∂v-Xs∂.tX\o® Xn∂p-∂Xv GXp-Xcw e-ß-fn¬ \n∂m-bn-cp-∂mepw AXv tX\ns‚ D¬]m-Z-\-Øn\v XS- -am-Ip-I-bn√ F∂ Hcp kqN\ (F√m ê-ß-fn¬\n∂pw) F∂ ]tbm-K-Øn¬ Is≠-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip∂p. (Xn∂p-sIm-≈pI)F∂ hm°n¬ \n∂v˛ ]ecpw [cn-°m-dp-≈-Xp-t]mse˛]q°-fn¬\n∂pw, ]g-ß-fn¬\n∂pw tX≥ hen-s®-SpØp Iqń¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn tiJ-cn-°p-I-b√ tX\o® sNøp-∂-sX∂pw, tX\o® Ahsb kao-]n-°p-∂Xv AXns‚ £-Wm-h-iym¿Y-am-sW∂pw,Xmsg ]d-bpw-]-Imcw ]n∂oSv AXns‚ ico-c-Øn¬\n∂v tX≥ ]pd-Øp-h-cn-I-bmWvsNøp-∂-sX∂pw a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Ip∂p. F√m-Xcw e-ß-fn¬\n∂pw CjvSw-t]mse `£n-°m-sa∂v \n¿tZ-in-®-tijw (kpK-a-amb \ne-bn¬ \ns‚ d∫ns‚ am¿K-ß-fn¬˛AYhm d∫v \n›-bn®p X∂ am¿K-ß-fn-eqsS˛]th-in-®p-sIm-≈pI.) F∂pw \n¿t±-in-°p∂p. Cu hmIy-Øns‚ A¿Y-hym-]vXn-bn¬ tX\o-®-bpsS F√m Pohn-X-I-a-ßfpw, ]h¿Ø\ kz`m-h-ßfpw samØ-Øn¬AS-ßn-bn-´p≠v. Iqń¬\n∂pw `£Ww tXSn-t∏m-tI-≠p∂ am¿K-ßƒ, Zqc-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ t]mbn Np‰n-Øn-cn-™-tijw D∂w sX‰msX Xncn-®p-h-tc-≠p∂ hn[-ßƒ,Iqń¬sh®v kzoIcn-t°-≠p∂ IrXy-ßƒ, Hmtcm IrXyhpw ]men-t°≠ apd-IƒXpS-ßnb Imcy-ß-sf√mw B sNdp-hm-Iy-Øn¬ A√mlp Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.Ah-sbm∂pw sX‰msX \n¿h-ln-°p-hm-\p≈ t_m[hpw ]tNm-Z-\hpw A√mlpB sNdp Pohn°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂¿Yw. tX\o-®°v amX-a√, F√m hkvXp-°ƒ°pw AX-Xn-s‚-Xmb ]Ir-X-cq]w \¬Ip-Ibpw, A\-¥cw Hmtcm-∂n\pwth≠p∂ am¿K-\n¿tZiw sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-\m-Wt√m \ΩpsS d∫mbA√mlp. ( )

Bbn-c-°-W-°nepw, ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n-ep-ap≈ tPmen-°m-cm¬ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂Hcp sXmgn¬ ime-bsX tX≥IqSv. B sXmgn¬im-e-bn¬ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂hn`-h-amWv tX≥. AsX, (Ah-bpsS hb-dpI-fn¬\n∂pw Hcp]m\obw ]pd-Øvh-cp∂p.) ]m\o-bw-sIm≠v hnh£ tX≥ Xs∂. IpSn-°p-hm≥ ]‰nbZh-h-kvXp-hmIsIm≠v ]m\obw( ) F∂v ]d-™p-sh-¶nepw AtXm-Sp-IqSn]mev t]mse Xs∂ DØ-a-amb Hcp `£y-]-Zm¿Yw IqSn-bmWv tX≥. tX\o-®-I-fpsS PmXn-hy-Xym-khpw, Ah-bpsS ta®¬ÿm-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Ime-tZ-i-ß-fp-sSbpwhyXym-khpw A\p-k-cn®v tX\ns‚ h¿W-Ønepw hyXymkw D≠m-Ip∂p. AXmWv

(AXns‚ \nd-ßƒ hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cn°pw) F∂v ]d-™Xv. Nph∏v,a™, Idp∏v, sh≈ F∂o \nd-ßƒ°mWv AXn¬ ap≥Xq°w ImW-s∏-Sm-dp-≈Xv.Nne-bn\w tX\n\v a‰p Nne-Xn-s\-°mƒ KpWw IqSp-sa-¶nepw F√m-‰n-s‚bpw D]-Imcw samØ-Øn¬ Hcp-t]m-se-Xs∂. ]m\o-bhpw `£y-]-Zm¿Y-hp-sa-∂-t]mse,tX≥ Hcp henb Huj-[-ho-cy-ap≈ hkvXp IqSn-bm-Wt√m. Hcp-]t£, Huj-[-h-

äGOôØŸG ≈a ÉªcäGOôØŸG ≈a ÉªcäGOôØŸG ≈a ÉªcäGOôØŸG ≈a ÉªcäGOôØŸG ≈a Éªc(*)

2599





kvXp-sh∂ \ne-°mWv km[m-c-W-°m¿°n-S-bn¬ AXn\v IqSp-X¬ ]m[m-\y-ap-≈Xpw. FXtbm tcmK-ßƒ°v X\n-®mbpw, ani-ambpw tX≥ ssII≠ Huj-[-am-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn√. (AXn¬ a\p-jy¿°v tcmK-i-a-\-ap≠v) F∂hmIyw AXmWv Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv.

A_q-k-Cu-Zn¬ JpZvcn (d) Cßns\ ]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p: Hcp ]pcp-j≥ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n-˜bpsS ASp-°¬ sN∂p Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c\v hb-dn-f°w (AXn-kmcw) _m[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d™p. \_n˜ ]d™p:"\o t]mbn Ah\v tX≥ IpSn-°p-hm≥ sImSp-°pI'. Abmƒt]mbn tX≥ sImSp-Øp. ]n∂oSv h∂p Cßs\ ]d™p: dkq-te, Rm≥ Ahs\ tX≥ IpSn-∏n-®p.F∂n v hb-dn-f°w A[n-I-am-hp-I-b-√msX D≠m-bn-√. Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: \o t]mbnAh∂v tX≥ IpSn-°m≥ sImSp-°pI: Abmƒ ]ns∂bpw tX≥ IpSn-∏n®p. ]n∂oSpwAbmƒ h∂p, "AXh∂v hb-dn-f°w A[n-I-cn-∏n-°p-I-b-√msX sNbvXn√' F∂v]d™p. At∏mƒ dkq¬˜]d™p: A√mlp kXyw ]d-™p. \ns‚ ktlm-Z-cs‚ hb¿ Ifhpw ]d-™p. \o t]mbn Ah\v tX≥ IpSn-∏n-°pI.' Aßs\,At±lw (ho≠pw) t]mbn Ah\v tX≥ sImSpØp. At∏mƒ Abmƒ°v kpJ-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. (_p;ap) BZysØ ]mh-iy-ß-fn¬ Abm-fpsS hb-‰nse ZpjvS-X-Iƒ \oßn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂n-s√∂pw, tX≥ DjvW-ho-cy-ap-≈-Xm-I-sIm≠v B ZpjvS-X-Iƒ AXv Cf-°n-∏p-d-Øm-°p-I-bmWv BZyw D≠m-b-sX∂pw, Ah \oßn-°-gn-™-tXmsS Ah-km\w hb-dn\v ]q¿W-kpJw Inń-sb-∂p-amWv Cu lZo-Yn\v `nj-Kz-c-∑m-cmb Nne ]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS hymJym-\-sa∂v C_v\p IYo¿ (d) apX-em-b-h¿ Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p. tX\ns‚ KpW-sØ-∏‰n thsdbpw lZo-Yp-Iƒ ImWm-hp-∂-XmWv.

tX\o-®-I-sf-°p-dn®v Kth-jW ]co-£-W-ßƒ \S-Ønb ]e imkvX-⁄-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]kvXm-h-\-Isf ASn-ÿm-\-am°n A¬]w Nne kwK-Xn-Iƒ IqSn ChnsSHm¿an-°p-∂Xv kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-am-bn-cn°pw. ta¬ hnh-cn® Nne hi-ß-fn-te°vAXn¬\n∂v A¬]w-IqSn shfn®w e`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvtX°pw. Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p:Hcp tX\o-®-°q-ń¬ Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v Cu®-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn°pw. Nne-t∏mƒ, ]Xn-\m-bncw hscbpw D≠mhmw. Hmtcm Iqńepw AXnse apgp-h≥ ta¬t\m´w hln-°p∂ Hcp henb Cu®-bp-≠m-bn-cn°pw. CXv "dmWn' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂p. CXns‚ \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn°pw a‰p-≈-h-bpsS ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ\S-°p-∂Xv. Iq´-Øn¬ GXm≠v \qtdm A™qtdm FÆw BWo-®-I-fm-bn-cn°pw.Ch°v dmWn-bp-ambn CW-tN-cp-I-b-√msX thsd ]tXyIw tPmen-sbm-∂p-an√.AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿°v "aSn-b≥am¿' F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. _m°n-sb√mw "A[zm-\n-°p-∂-hcm"bncn°pw. dmWn Cu® Znh-tk\ [mcm-f-°-W-°n¬ ap´-bnSpw. dmWn-sbbpw, BWo-®-I-sfbpw ipiq-jn-°pI, ]pd-Øp-t]mbn ]qsºmSn XpS-ßnb Blm-c-ßƒ tXSn-∏n-Sn®p sIm≠p-h-cpI, tX≥ kq£n-°p-hm-\p≈ Ad-Iƒ \n¿an-°pI,AXn¬ tX≥ kq£n-®p-sh-°pI, ]pXp-Xmbn P\n-°p∂ Ip™p-ßsf hf¿ØpI,Ddpºv apX-emb iXp-°sf sNdp-°pI, IqSpw ]cn-k-chpw hrØn-bm-°pI XpS-ßnb F√m tPmen-Ifpw Cu aq∂mw hn`m-K-Øns‚ tPmen-bm-Ip∂p. ]q°-fn¬\n∂pwa‰pw Cuºn-sb-SpØp `£-n® tX≥, ]n∂oSv Cu®-bpsS ico-c-Øn¬\n∂v Dudn-h-

2600





cp∂ Hcp-Xcw Dan-\ocpw Ie¿∂p-sIm≠v hmbn-eqsS ]pd-tØ°v hcp∂p. CXvAd-I-fn¬ \nt£-]n®p Ie¿∏p-I-fn¬\n∂v ip≤n-bm-°-s∏-Sp∂p. IqSns‚ HmtcmAdbpw ]K¬`-cmb F©n-\o-b¿am¿°v t]mepw km[y-a-√m-Ø-hn[w ka-Ir-Xy-Øn-ep≈ Bdv tImWm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ sXm´p sXm´pw, Iem-]-c-ambpw, wKn-bmbpw\n¿an-°-s∏-ń-cn°pw. thsd BIr-Xn-I-fn¬ \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp-∂-]£w Ad-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ an°-hmdpw A¬]m¬]w hnS-hp-Iƒ D≠m-tb-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xn-bm-bn-cn°mwCu BIrXn kzoI-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂p. º∏YG ¬q∏dG

Cß-s\-bp≈ hkvXp-X-Iƒ Hm¿an-®p-sIm≠v tX\o-®-sbbpw tX\n-s\bpwIpdn®p Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ, A√m-lp-hns‚ krjvSn-ssh- hw, ]cn-]m-e-\-ap-d-Iƒ, a\p-jys‚ KpW-Øn-\p-th≠n Ah≥ `qan-bn¬ k÷-am-°n-sh-®n- p≈ kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ BZn-bm-b-h°v AXn¬\n∂v [mcmfw ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ Is≠-Øm-hp-∂-XmWv.AsX, (\n›-b-ambpw AXn¬ Nn¥n-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°vZrjvSm-¥-ap≠v.)

[70] A√m-lp-hsX \nßsfkrjvSn-®Xv; ]n∂oSv \nßsf Ah≥ac-W-s∏-Sp -Øp∂p. Bbp- ns‚G‰w Xmtg -InS [Zp¿∫-em -hÿ]bnte°v Hgn-hm°n hnS-s∏-Sp-∂-hcpw \nß-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cn°pw;Adn -hn -∂v tijw (]ns∂bpw)bmsXm∂pw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥th≠n. \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp(F√mw) Adn-bp-∂-h\pw, Ign-hp-≈-h-\p-am-Ip∂p.

[70] A√mlp, A√m-lp-hsX \nßsf krjvSn®p, krjvSn-

®Xv ]n∂oSv \nßsf Ah≥ ]q¿W-ambn ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p∂p(acn-∏n-°p∂p)

\nß-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cn°pw, \nß-fn¬\n∂v (Nne¿) aS° (B°˛Hgn-

hm°n hnS) s∏Sp-∂-h¿ G‰w XmW-]Sn (Zp¿∫-e-ÿnXn) bnte°v

Bbp-jv°m-e-Øns‚, Bbp- ns‚ Ah¿ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n

Adn-hn-\p-tijw bmsXm∂pw \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp Adn-

bp-∂-h-\mWv Ign-hp-≈-h-\mWv.

Nne Pohn-I-fnepw, ]Zm¿∞-ß-fnepw AS-ßnb ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-tijw, a\p-jy-cn¬ Xs∂bpw ÿnXn sNøp∂ Nne ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf Hm¿an-∏n-°p-I-bmWv. a\p-jysc krjvSn®p Cu \ne-s°-Øn® A√m-lp-Xs∂ Ahs‚ Bbp-jv°m-ehpw \nb-¥n-°p∂p. Nne¿ sNdp-∏-Ønte ac-W-a-S-bp∂p. Nne¿ GXm\pwhb- p-hsc Pohn-°p∂p. Nne-cm-Is´, km[m-c-W-bn¬ Ihn™ Zo¿Lm-bp v \¬I-s∏-´-h-cm-bn-cn°pw. Aßs\, apºv Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Adnhpw Xt‚-Shpw \jvS-

2601





s∏-Sp-Ibpw, Kl-tW-µn-b-ßƒ £bn®p inip-°ƒ IWs° Bbn-Øo-cp-IbpwsNøp∂p. Hcmƒ, ZrV-Km-X\pw Btcm-Ky-hm-\p-am-b-Xv -sImt≠m at‰m Zo¿L-ImewPohn-°p-sat∂m, thsdm-cmƒ Ah-i-Km-X\pw BtcmKyw Ipd-™-h-\p-am-I-sIm≠vt\csØ ac-W-a-S-bp-sat∂m \n›-bn-°pI km[y-a√. F√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ \n›bwA\p-k-cn®v \S-°p-∂p-sh∂v amXw.

kqx dqw 54 ¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: ‘\nßsf _e-lo-\-X-bn¬\n∂v krjvSn-®-h≥ A√m-lp-hsX. ]n∂oSv, _e-lo-\-X-°v -tijw Ah≥ i‡n-bp-≠m°n. ]ns∂,i‡n-°v tijw _e-lo-\-Xbpw, \cbpw D≠m°n. Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv Ah≥krjvSn-°p∂p.' bmko≥: 68 ¬ ]d-bp∂p: "B¿°v \mw Zo¿Lm-bp v \¬Ip-∂pthmAh¿°v krjvSn-bn¬ (]Ir-Xn-bn¬) \mw hn]-co-Xm-hÿ \¬Ip∂p: "\_n˜Cßs\ ]m¿Yn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn A\kv (d) ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p∂p: (*) "]nip°v, DZm-ko-\X, hm¿[-Iy-£oWw, Ah-i-]mbw, Iz_vdnse in£, Z÷m-ens‚ Ipg∏w,Pohn-X-Øn-sebpw ac-W-Øn-sebpw Ipg∏w F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂v (A√m-lpth), Rm≥\nt∂mSv c£ tXSp-∂p-.' (_p)

hn`mKw ˛ 10

[71] A√mlp (Xs∂), \nß-fn¬ Nnesc Nne-sc-°mƒ Blmc(hnjb) Øn¬ tijvT-am-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. F∂m¬, tijvT-am-°-s∏-´-h¿ Xß-fpsS Blm-csØ Xß-fpsS hewssI DS-a-bm-°n-b-h¿°v [ASn-a-Iƒ°v] hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h-c√; F∂n´v Ah¿(c≠p-Iq-´cpw) AXn¬ ka-am-bn-cn-°pI (˛AXp -≠m-Ip -I -bn√.)At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-sØtbm Ah¿ \ntj-[n-°p-∂Xv?!

[71] A√mlp (Xs∂) tijvT-am°n, sa®-am°n \nß-

fn¬ Nnesc Nnesc-°mƒ Blm-c-Øn¬, D]-Po-h-\-Øn¬.

F∂m¬ tijvT (sa®) am°-s∏-´-h¿ A√ aS°p (hn´p-sIm-

Sp°p) ∂h¿ Ah-cpsS Blm-csØ DS-a-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h¿°v

Ah-cpsS hew-ssI-Iƒ F∂n´v (Aßs\) Ah¿ AXn¬ ka-

pánæràpanh ∫ÉsLs~dG pánæràpanh pôrÑn≤dG pÜGnònYnh pôoªo©rdG p∫nPrQCGnh Ωô¡dGh pπr°ùnµrdGh pπrîoÑdG øpe n∂pH oPƒoYCG (@)(@)(@)(@)(@)

iQÉîÑdG -päÉnªªrdGnh Én«rënªrdG

2602





amWv (F∂p-≈Xv) At∏mƒ A\p-K-l-sØ-bmtWm A√m-lp-hns‚

Ah¿ \ntj-[n-°p∂p, \ncm-I-cn-°p∂p.

Blm-c-hn-j-b-Øn¬˛AYhm D]-Po-h-\-am¿K-ß-fn¬˛ F√m-hcpw Htc \ne-°m-bn-cm-bn- √ D≈Xv. Nne¿°v IqSp-Xepw, Nne¿°v IjvSn-®p-am-bn-s°m-≠mWv A√mlpAXv \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. a\p-jys‚ kma¿Yytam, _p≤ntbm, ]m]vXntbm A√AXns‚ am\-ZWvUw. _mly-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ Ah¿°pw AXn¬ ÿm\-ß-fp-s≠-∂Xv icn-Xs∂. ]t£, bYm¿Y-Øn-ep≈ am\-ZWvUw A√m-lp-hns‚ \n›-b-am-Ip∂p. A√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, ]m]vXcpw _p≤n-am≥am-cp-amb F√m hy‡n-Ifpw[\m-Vy-∑m-cm-tI-≠Xpw, A√m-Ø-h-sc√mw Zcn-Z≥am-cm-tI-≠-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p. _p≤n-a-Xn-Ifpw AXn-k-a¿Y-cp-amb FXtbm Bfp-Iƒ Pohn-X-t¢iw A\p-`-hn-®p-h-cp-∂Xpw, hnth-Itam ]m]vXntbm C√mØ FXtbm Bfp-Iƒ [\-k-ar-≤nbpw kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-ap-≈-h-cmbn Ign-bp-∂Xpw \mw I≠p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wt√m. Cu bmYm¿Yywas‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp Cßns\ hy‡-am -°n -bn -c n -°p∂p:

. . . . ""Ah-cmtWm \ns‚ d∫ns‚

ImcpWyw `mKn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv?! sFlnI Pohn-X-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-am¿Kw\masX Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ `mKn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. Ah-cn¬ Nnesc Nne¿°p-aosX ]e]Sn-Iƒ \mw Db¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p...'' (kpJvdp^v: 32) Cßs\ Pohn-X-am¿Kw hyXykvX coXn-bn-em°n \n›-bn-°p-hm-\p≈ Nne Imc-W-ßfpw AhnsSA√mlp FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-®n-´p≠v. IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-Øn\v AhnsS t\m°pI.

]kvXpX XXzw hnh-cn-°-e√ ChnsS Dt±iyw. A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-a-bmb a\p-jy≥ A√mlp A√m-Ø-hsc Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ßsf Ah¿°v hI-sh-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-sb∂ in¿°ns‚ A¿Y-iq-\yXHcp DZm-l-c-W-Øn-eqsS Nq≠n-°m-´p-I-bmWv Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]cyw. F√m-h¿°pw Htc tXmXn-e√ A√mlp D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. bP-am-\≥amsc Bi-bn-®p-I-gn-bp∂ ASn-a-Iƒ \n¿[-\-cm-bn-cn°pw. F∂m¬ bP-am-\-h¿KwXß-fpsS ]°-ep≈ Xß-fpsS ASn-a-Iƒ°v hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v Ah-scbpw]¶p-Im-cm°n Ccp-Iq- cpw AXn¬ kam-h-Im-in-I-fm-Im-dn√. AYhm AXn-∂-h¿ Iq´m-°p-I-bn√. AtX ka-bØv, A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-abpw DS-a-bnepamb Nne krjvSn-Iƒ°v Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ßƒ hI-sh®p sImSp-°p-IbpwsNøp∂p. AYhm Ahsc Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw, A√mlp \¬Inb kzØn¬ Hcp ]¶vt\¿® hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw a‰pw hgn Ah¿°v \o°n-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Aßs\,Xßƒ°-h-Im-i-s∏-´Xv Xß-fpsS ASn-a-Iƒ°v hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dn-√mØAh¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ Ahs‚ ASn-a-Iƒ°v hn´p-sIm-SpØp AhscAh-t\mSv ka-am-°p∂p. A√mlp Ah¿°v \¬In-bn-´p≈ A\p-K-lsØ \ntj-[n-°epw Ah-t\mSv ImWn-°p∂ Hcp [n°m-c-hp-am-WnXv. CXsX Cu hN-\-Øn-e-S-ßnb Bi-b-Øns‚ Npcp°w. hgnsb D≤-cn-°p∂ kq: dqanse 28˛mw hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v Cu Bibw Iptd-°qSn hy‡-ambn a\- n-em°mw.

(Ah-cpsS he-ss¶-Iƒ DS-a-bm-°n-b-h¿) F∂v ]d-™Xv ASn-

a-Isf Dt±-in-®m-Ip∂p. Cu hm°ns‚ A¿Y-sØbpw ]tbm-K-sØbpw kw_-

2603





‘n®pw, AXn\v hnIr-X-amb Nne A¿Y-ßƒ \¬In-s°m≠v Ckv-em-an¬ ASn-aØw Fs∂m∂v AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-ń-s√∂ Nne-cpsS hmZsØ kw_-‘n®pw kq:apA-van-\qs‚ tijw sImSp-Øn-´p≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏nepw, Ckv-em-an¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏- n- p≈ ASn-a-ØsØ-∏‰n kq: Alvkm-_n\v tij-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏nepwhnh-cn-®n-´p≠v. ]kvXpX hmZ-°m-cmb Nne¿ as‰mcp ]pØ≥ Nn¥m-K-Xn°v Izp¿-Bs‚ km[q-I-c-W-ap-s≠∂v hcp-Øp-hm≥ th≠n Cu hN-\-Øn\v Hcp ]pXnbA¿Y-hym-Jym\w \¬In-°m-Wp∂p. Ime-Øns‚ Hgp-°n-s\mØv Izp¿-Bs\ hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ Xm¬]-cyhpw AØcw hymJym-\-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈A`n-am-\-hp-amWv AXns‚ ]n∂n-ep-≈-sX∂v A¬]w Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-XmWv.

Blm-c-hn-j-b-Øn¬ sa®w e`n-®-h¿ Xß-fpsS Bhiyw Ign®p _m°n-bp-≈XvXß-fpsS the-°m¿, tPmen-°m¿ apX-emb km[p-°ƒ°v \¬tI-≠-Xm-sW-∂p≈XXz-Øn¬ B¿°pw X¿°-an√. Nne-t∏m-sgms° \nb-a-ZrjvSym Xs∂ AXv hfscI¿i-\-amb Hcp \n¿_‘w IqSn-bm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. F∂m¬, Bhiyw Ign®pan®-ap-≈-Xn-se√mw Ah¿ kam-h-Im-in-I-fm-sW∂pw, AXv \n¿_-‘-am-sW-∂p-ap≈kn≤m¥w Ckv-em-an-Itam Izp¿-B-\n-Itam A√. Izp¿-B≥ Hcp ]g-©-\-s√-∂p-≈-Xn-t\mSv \mw XnI®pw tbmPn-°p∂p. F∂m-eXv Hcp \ho\ KŸ-amtWm? AXp-a√, ]g-©\pw \ho-\-hp-a-√mØ˛AYhm ]g-b-Im-e-tØ°pw \ho\ Ime-tØ°pwHcp-t]mse bp‡hpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb Hcp KŸ-am-WXv F∂p-≈-XmWvhmkvXhw. kµ¿`w as‰m-∂m-b-Xv sIm≠v Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ChnsS IqSp-X-sem∂pwhnh-cn-°p-∂n√. F∂mepw Nne kwK-Xn-Iƒ ChnsS Hm¿t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p:˛

(1) F∂ hm°n\v "Ah-cpsS \nb-¥-W-Øn≥ Iogn-ep-≈-h¿'

F∂v A¿Yw I¬]n-°p-Ibpw, Xß-fpsS Iogn-ep≈ tPmen-°mcpw the-°m-cp-sam-s°-bmWv AXv -sIm-≠p-t±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v hymJym-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXvicn-b√. `mjm kmln-Xy-Øntem Izp¿-B-\ntem AXn\v sXfn-hp-an√.

(2) F∂ hm°n\v "hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah¿ AXn¬ kam-h-Im-in-I-fm-

Ip∂p' sh∂v A¿Yw I¬]n-®Xpw Bhiyw Ign-®p- an-®-ap≈ Blmcw AØ-c-°m¿°v \¬I-W-sa-∂mWv CXv aqew Izp¿-B≥ D¬t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂v hymJym-\n-®Xpw Ch¿ Icp-Xn-°qń \S-Ønb Hcp Itø-‰-amtb a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-

∂p≈q. rºo¡na(^lpw) F∂-Xns‚ ÿm\Øv rºognh (hlpw) F∂m-bn-cp∂p D≈-sX-

¶n¬ Cu A¿Y-hym-Jym\w Hcp hn[-Øn-se-¶nepw hI-sh-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-am-bn-cp∂p.Ad_n `mj-sbbpw, Ad_n kmln-Xy-im-kvX-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v kz¬]w ]cn-N-b-ap-≈-h¿°v Cu kwKXn thK-Øn¬ a\- n-emIpw. A√m-Ø-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ipd-s®mcp hni-Zo-I-cWw Bh-iy-ambn ht∂°pw. AXn-\nhnsS kuIcywt]mc-Xm\pw. Izp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn®p ]Xn-\mev \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]n∂n-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc Hcp]WvUn-X∂pw Hcp hymJym-Xm-hn∂pw I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp ]pXnbA¿Y-I¬]-\-bmWv Ch¿ ka¿∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂p-≈-Xv Xs∂ \njv]£ _p≤n-bp-≈-h¿°v hmkvXhw Kln-°p-hm≥ aXn-bmb Hcp sXfn-hm-Wt√m.

(3) ]pXp-Xmbn cwK-]-thiw sNøp-∂Xpw P\-as≤y ]Nm-c-ap-≈-Xp-amb \ho-

2604





\m-i-b-ßƒ°v Izp¿-Bs‚ AwKo-Im-c-ap-s≠∂pw, Izp¿-B≥ apºvXs∂ AXv ]Jym-]n-®n-´p-s≠∂pw hcp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ Nne B[p-\nI ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ kXy-Zo-£-bn-√m-Ø-hn[w Aan-X-amb Xm¬]cyw ImWn-°m-dp≠v. A°q-´-Øn¬ H∂mWv Imd¬am¿Ivkns‚ ÿnXnka-XzhmZ (tkmjy-enk) Øn\v H∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bp≈ Cuiahpw. ]Xy-£-Øn¬ CXv Izp¿-Bs‚ Hcp al-Xz-am-sW∂v hcp-Øm-\p≈ ia-am-sW∂v tXm∂m-sa-¶nepw bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Izp¿-Bs\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNbvXp Xcw-Xm-gvØepw, AXns‚ bYm¿Y A[ym-]-\sØ hnIr-X-am-°-ep-am-Ip∂p. Imd¬am¿Ivkns‚ kmº-ØnI kn≤m-¥hpw, Izp¿-Bs‚ kmº-ØnI kn≤m-¥hpw XΩn¬GsX-¶nepw Nne hni-Zmw-i-ß-fn¬ tbmPn-∏p-≠m-tb-°p-sa-∂-sXm-gn-®m¬, ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn c≠pw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂p-≈-XmWv bYm¿Yw.

(4) Ch-cpsS hymJym-\-]-Imcw, Bhiyw Ign®p an®-ap≈ Blmcw the-°m¿,tPmen-°m¿ apX-em-b-h¿°v Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-sW-∂m-Wt√m Izp¿-B≥ DZvt_m-[n-

∏n-°p-∂Xv. "Ah-cpsS Blmcw' F∂¿Y-amb F∂ hm°n\v "Ah-cpsS Iøn-

ep≈ Blmcw' F∂mWv Ch¿ A¿Yw I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. hymJym-\-th-f-bn-em-Is´, "Ah-cpsS Bhiyw Ign®p an®-ap≈ Blmcw' F∂m°n am‰p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. CXv Izp¿-Bs\ am¿Ivkn-k-tØmSv tbmPn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ kuI-cym¿Y-am-bn-cn°mw. As√-¶n¬ "Ah-cpsS Blmcw' F∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xns\ "BhiywIgn®p an®-ap-≈Xm"°phm≥ F¥mWv \ymbw?

(5) Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Bibw \mw apI-fn¬ hnh-cn-®-t]m-se-bm-sW∂pw, Ch-cpsS Cu A¿Y-hym-Jym\w icn-b-s√∂pw Iptd-°qSn hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°p-hm≥DX-Ip∂ as‰mcp hN\w t\m°pI:

Cu hN-\-Øn\v AtX Bfp-Iƒ Xs∂ I¬]n® A¿Yw C]-Im-c-amWv. "\nß-

fn¬ \n∂v Xs∂ A√mlp \nßƒ°nXm Hcp D]a FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p∂p. \nß-

fpsS \nb-¥-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂pw \nßƒ°v \mw \¬Inb

[\-Øn¬ h√ ]¶m-fn-Ifpw Dt≠m? F∂n´v \nßƒ AXn¬ kam-h-Im-in-I-fm-bn-cn-

°p-Ibpw, \nß-fpsS kz¥w Bfp-Isf `b-s∏-Spw-t]mse Ahsc \nßƒ `b-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂pt≠m? _p≤n D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ P\-X-°p-th≠n Cß-s\-bmWv \mw

ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv.' (dqw: 28) CXn¬ F∂ hm°n\v

"\nb-¥-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-h¿' F∂v A¿Yw I¬]n-®Xv Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬,

Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Bibw icn-bmb cq]-Øn¬ Xs∂ Chcpw kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-I-

bmWv. F∂ hm°n\v "hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah-c-Xn¬ kam-h-Im-in-I-fmWv'

F∂v Chcpw ChnsS A¿∞-am-°p-∂n-√-Xm\pw. At∏mƒ, kq: dqan¬ AXn\v icn°v

A¿Yw I¬]n-°p∂ Ch¿ Cu hN-\-Øn¬ B hm°n\v Cßs\ Hcp ]pXnb

A¿Yw I¬]n-®p-≠m-°n-b-Xns‚ ]n∂n-ep≈ a\- n-en-cn∏v F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v

2605





[72] A√mlp \nßƒ°v \nß-fn¬ \n∂v Xs∂ CW-Isf G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; \nß-fpsS CW-I-fn¬\n∂v \nßƒ°va°-sfbpw, t]c-a-°-sfbpw Ah≥D≠m-°n-Ø-cn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn -°p∂p; \√ (hninjvS) hkvXp-°-fn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ°v Ah≥ D]-Po-h\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p.

F∂n-cns°, Ab-Ym¿Y-am-b-Xn-emtWm Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv?!A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øn-em-Is´, Ah¿ Ahn -izkn (®p\ntj[n) °pIbpw sNøp∂p(thm)?

[73] A√m-lp-hn\v ]pdsaAh¿ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p,BIm-i-ß-fn¬\n∂pw, `qan -bn¬\n∂pw Ah¿°v h√XpwBlmcw \¬Ip-hm≥ ]m]vX-am-hp-I-bm-Is´, (h√ Imcy-Øn∂pw)km[y-am-Ip-I-bm-Is´ sNøm-Ø-hsb.

[74] At∏mƒ, \nßƒ A√m-lp-hn∂v D]-a-Iƒ D≠m-°-cpXv.\n›-b-ambpw A√mlp, (bYm¿Yw)Adn-bp∂p; \nß-fm-Is´, Adn-bp-∂n-√-Xm\pw.

[72] A√mlp, A√m-lp-hsX B°n-bn-cn-°p∂p, G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bXpw

\nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS kz¥-ß-fn¬\n∂v, \nß-fn¬ (\nß-

fpsS Iq´-Øn¬) \n∂p-Xs∂ CW-Isf, `mcy-amsc Ah≥ D≠m-

°pI (G¿s∏-Sp-ØpI) bpw sNbvXp \nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS

Btem-Nn-®p-t\m°q! A√mlp \sΩ-sb-√m-h-scbpw k¬_p-≤nbpw kXyw kzoI-

cn-°p-hm-\p≈ k≥a-\ pw \¬I-s∏´ k÷-\-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øs´. Bao≥.

2606





CW (`mcy) Ifn¬\n∂v a°sf t]c-a-°-sfbpw, ]uX-scbpw

\nßƒ°-h≥ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp \√ (hninjvS˛]cn-ip≤) hkvXp-

°-fn¬\n∂v F∂n-cns° (At∏mƒ) Ab-Ym¿Y (\nc¿∞) amb-Xntem

Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p∂p A\p-K-l-Øn-em-Is´, A\p-K-lsØ A√m-

lp-hns‚ Ah¿ Ahn-iz-kn-°p∂p, \ntj-[n-°p∂p. [73]

Ah¿ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p A√m-lp-hn\v ]pdsa, IqSmsX

A[o-\-am-°mØ (km[n-°mØ˛]m]vX-am-ImØ)Xns\ Ah¿°v D]-Po-h-

\-Øn\v, Blmcw \¬Ip-hm≥ BIm-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂v `qan-

bn¬\n∂pw bmsXm∂pw, H´pw, h√Xpw, Hcp hkvXphpw Ah¿°v

km[y-am-Ip-I-bn√ [74] F∂n-cns° \nßƒ hnh-cn-°-cpXv (D≠m-°-

cpXv) A√m-lp-hn\v D]a (DZm-l-cWw)Isf \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp

Adn-bp∂p \nß-fm-Is´ \nßƒ Adn-bp-∂p-an√, \nßƒ°-dn-

™p-IqSm.

ta¬ ]kvXm-hn® A\p-K-l-ß-sf√mw \¬Ip-∂Xv A√m-lp-hm-Ip∂p. Ah-cpsSBcm[y ssZh-ßƒ Ah-sbm∂pw Xs∂ \¬Ip-∂n√. Ah¿°-Xn\v km[y-hp-a√.F∂n-cns°, A\p-K-l-Zm-Xm-hmb A√m-lp-hns\ hnt´®p Hcp \∑bpw sNbv-hm≥Ign-bm-Ø-hsb A√m-lp-hn\v Xpey-am°n Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂-Xns‚ \nc¿Y-Xbpw, A]-e-]-\o-b-Xbpw Nq≠n-°m- p-I-bmWv. BIm-i-Øv \n∂v ag h¿jn-∏n®pw, qan-bn¬\n∂vD¬∏-∂-ßƒ D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-®pw -sIm≠v A√mlp D]-Po-h\ am¿Kw a\p-jy\v Hcp-°n-s°m-Sp-°p∂p. Ah-cpsS Bcm[y hkvXp-°ƒ°v AXn\pw Ign-hn√. F∂n´pw Ah-sb-bmWv Ah¿ Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xv F∂sX 73˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ]d-™-Xns‚ kmcw.A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ß-fntem, ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fntem GsX-¶nepw hkvXp-hn∂v Ah-t\mSv ka-Xzhpw, kmZr-iyhpw k¶¬]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂m-Wt√m in¿°vD¤-hn-°p-∂Xv. bYm¿Yw apI-fn¬ ]d™ ]Im-c-am-bn-cns°, AØ-c-Øn-ep≈bmsXmcp D]-abpw kmZr-iyhpw Ah\v D≠m-°n-Øo¿°-cp-sX∂pw, AXns‚ Kuc-hhpw AXp-aqew t\cn-Sp∂ hn-jy-Øp-Ifpw A√m-lp-hn-\mWv Adn-bpI˛ \nßƒ°-dn-bp-I-bn√˛ AXp-sIm-≠mWv Cßn-s\-sbms° hnkvX-cn®pw Bh¿Øn®pw hnh-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂p-amWv 74˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]cyw.

[75] A√mlp Hcp D]a hnh-cn-°p-I-bmWv: Hcp Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-bmØ DS-a-bm-°-s∏´ Hcp ASn-asb(bpw), bmsXm-cp-h-s\bpw: Ah\v\ΩpsS hI-bmbn \mw \√-XmbD]-Po-h\w \¬In-bn-cn -°p∂p:F∂n v Ah≥ AXn¬\n∂v cl-ky-ambpw, ]c-ky-ambpw Nne-h-gn®p

2607





hcp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. (Cßn-s\-bp-≈-h-s\bpw). Ch¿ [Cßn-s\-bp-≈-h¿] ka-am-Iptam?! [Cs√∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wt√m.]

A√m-lp-hn-∂sX kvXpXn (apgp-h\pw)! ]t£, Ah-cn¬ A[n-I-amfpw Adn-bp-∂n√.

[76] A√mlp (thsd) Hcp D]-abpw hnh-cn-°p∂p˛ c≠v ]pcp-j-∑msc: B c≠n-sem-cp-h≥ Dua-bm-Ip∂p; Ah∂v Hcp Imcy-Øn\pwIgn-bp-I-bn√; Ah-\m-Is´, Xs‚c£m-[n-Im-cn°v Hcp `mc-hp-amWv:˛Abmƒ Ahs\ Ftßm´v Xncn-®p-hn -´mepw Ah≥ Hcp \∑bpwsIm≠p-h-cp-∂-X√.(Cßn-s\-bp≈)Ah\pw, (P\-ß-tfmSv) \oXn-sb-°p-dn®v I¬]n-°p-∂-h\pw˛Ah-\m-Is´ t\sc (sNm∆m) bp≈ ]mX-bn-ep-amWv˛ka-am-Iptam?!

[75] B°n-bn-cn-°p∂p (hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p) A√mlp Hcp D]a,

DZm-l-cWw Hc-Sn-asb DS-a-bm-°-s∏´ Ah\v Ign-bp-I-bn√

Hcp Imcy-Øn\pw, hkvXp-hn\pw bmsXm-cp-h\pw Ah\v \mw

\¬In \Ωn¬\n∂v, (\ΩpsS hI) D]-Po-h\w, Blmcw, Hcp \¬I¬

\√-Xmb F∂n-´-h≥ Nne-h-gn-°p∂p AXn¬ \n∂v cl-ky-

ambn ]c-ky-ambpw Ah¿ ka-am-Iptam kvXpXn (k¿∆hpw

˛ apgp-h≥) A-√m-lp-hn-\m-Ip∂p -]-t£, F∂m¬ -A-h-cn¬ A[n-I-

amfpw Adn-bp-I-bn√, Adn-bp-∂n√. [76] B°pI (hnh-cn-°pI)bpw

sNbvXp, hnh-cn-°p-I-bp-amWv A√mlp Hcp D]a c≠v ]pcp-j-∑msc

c≠n-sem-cp-h≥ Dua-bm-Ip∂p Ah\v Ign-bp-I-bn√

Hcp Imcy-Øn\pw Ah-\m-Is´ Hcp mc (hp)amWv Ahs‚ c£m-

[n-Im-cn°v, bP-am-\\v Fhn-sS-Øs∂, Ftßm´v Abmƒ Ahs\ Xncn-

®p-hn-´m¬ Ah≥ hcn-I-bn√ Hcp \∑bpw sIm≠v ka-am-

Iptam Ah\pw I¬]n-°p-∂-h\pw \oXn°v, \oXn-sb-∏‰n

2608





Ah-\m-Is´ ]mX-bn-ep-amWv t\sc-bp≈, sNm∆mb

hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS \nc¿Y-Xbpw, hnK-lm-cm-[-I-∑m-cpsS _p≤n-iq-\y-Xbpwhy‡-am-°p∂ c≠v D]-a-I-fmWv A√mlp Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv:

(1) as‰m-cm-fpsS DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep-≈-h\pw CjvSw-t]mse H∂pw ]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignthm kzmX-¥ytam C√m-Ø-h-\p-amb Hc-Sna. am\y\pw, [\n-I\pw, clky]cky hyXym-k-an-√msX DZm-c-ambn Nne-h-gn-°m-dp-≈-h-\p-amb Hcp kzX-¥≥, Cuc≠p-t]cpw a\p-jy≥am¿ Xs∂. ]t£, ÿm\-am-\-ß-fnepw, ]Z-hn-bnepw, D]-Im-c-Øn-ep-sams° c≠p-t]cpw XΩn¬ bmsXmcp kmay-hp-an-√t√m. F∂n-cns°, A∂-Zm-Xmhpw, A\p-K-l-Zm-Xmhpw, k¿∆-⁄\pw, k¿∆-i-‡-\p-amb A√m-lp-hn-t\mSvbmsXmcp KpW-tZm-jhpw sNbv-hmt\m, kz¥w Imcy-ß-sf-¶nepw \nb-¥n-°p-hmt\mIgn-bmØ _nw_-ßsf ka-am-°p-∂-Xn¬]cw hnUvVnØw as‰-¥p≠v?!

(2) bmsXm∂pw kwkm-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h\pw, Hcp Imcy-Øn\pw G¬]n-®p-hn-Sp-hm≥ sIm≈m-Ø-h\pw, Aßs\, c£-I¿Øm-°ƒ°v Hcp `mc-ambn amXwIgn-™p-Iq-Sp-∂-h-\p-amb Hcmƒ. _p≤nbpw, Xt‚-Shpw D≈-tXm-Sp-IqSn k≥am¿K-\n-c-X\pw, a‰p-≈-h¿°v kZp-]-tZ-in-bp-ambn h¿Øn-°p∂ as‰m-cmƒ. am\p-jnI KpW-ß-fn¬ Cu c≠p-t]cpw ka≥am-cmbn _p≤n-bp≈ Bsc-¶nepw [cn-°ptam?! F∂n-cns°, \n¿÷o-hn-Ifpw, \njvtN-jvS-ß-fp-amb _nw_-ßsf temI-c-£n-Xmhpw \nb-¥m-hp-amb A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ka-s∏-SpØn Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw ]m¿Yn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬]cw hnUvVnØw thsd F¥m-Wp-≈Xv?!

hn`mKw ˛ 11

[77] A√m-lp-hn-∂sX, BIm-i-ß-fn-sebpw, `qan-bn-sebpwAZriy (⁄m\) ap≈Xv. A¥y-k-a-b-Øns‚ Imcyw, IÆn-a-sh-´p -∂-Xv -t]mse (thK-Øn¬)A√msX C√; AYhm AXv AXn-s\-°mƒ ASp∏w [thKX] D≈-Xm-bn -cn°pw. \n›-b-ambpw,A√mlp F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h-\mWv.

[77] A√m-lp-hn-∂mWv AZriyw (AZr-iy-⁄m\w) BIm-

i-ß-fnse `qan-bn-sebpw Imcy-a√ A¥y-k-a-b-Øns‚

Ca-sh-´p-∂-Xv -t]m-se-b-√msX IÆns‚ As√-¶n¬ (AYhm)

AXv IqSp-X¬ (G‰w) ASp-Ø-Xm-Ip∂p \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp

F√m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-≈-h\mWv.

2609





AZr-iy-hn-h-c-ßƒ A√m-lp-hn\v amXta Adn-bp-I-bp≈q. Ah≥ Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-°msX B¿°pw AX-dn-bm-h-X√. AZr-iy-ß-fn¬ hf-sc-tbsd ]m[m\yw A¿ln-°p∂ hnj-b-amWv A¥y-k-abw. AsX-t∏mƒ kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v Ah-∂-√msXB¿°pw Adn-bp-I-bn√. AXv kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xm-Is´, Hcp IÆn-a-sh-´p-∂X thK-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw. As√-¶n¬, AXn-s\-°mƒ thK-Øn-em-sW∂pw ]d-bm-hp-∂-XmWvF∂v kmcw. CXpw A√mlp amXta Bcm-[y-\m-Ip-hm≥ ]mSp-≈q-sh-∂-Xn\v aXn-bmb Imc-W-amWt√m. ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ ho≠pw Nne ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛

[78] A√mlp, \nß-fpsS amXm-°-fpsS hb-dp -I -fn¬ \n∂v\nßƒ°v bmsXm∂pw Adn-™p-Iq-SmØ \ne-bn¬ \nßsf ]pd-Øp-sIm -≠p -h -cp -Ibpw sNbvXn -cn -°p∂p; \nßƒ°-h≥ tIƒhnbpw,ImgvN-Ifpw, lrZ-b-ßfpw D≠m-°n-Ø-cn -Ibpw sNbvXn -cn -°p∂p;\nßƒ \µn ImWn-t®-°p-hm≥th≠n.

[78] A√mlp \nßsf ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp

hb-dp-I-fn¬ \n∂v \nß-fpsS amXm-°-fpsS \nßƒ°-dn-™p-

Iq-SmØ \ne-bn¬ bmsXm∂pw Ah≥ B°pI (D≠m-°pI)bpw sNbvXp.

\nßƒ°v tIƒhnsb ImgvN-Ifpw, ZrjvSn-Ifpw

lrZ-b-ßfpw \nß-fm-Ip-hm≥ th≠n, \nß-fm-tb°pw \nßƒ

\µn ImWn°pw.

lrZ-bw-sIm≠v Nn¥n-®-dn-bp-hmt\m, I≠pw tI´pw Imcy-ßƒ Kln-°p-hmt\m

Ign-bmØ Ah-ÿ-bn-emWv a\p-jy¿ Cu temIØv P\n-°p-∂Xv. ]n∂oSv Imcy-

ßƒ I≠-dn-bp-hm\pw tI´p-a-\- n-em-°p-hm\pw Nn¥n-®-dn-bp-hm-\p-ap≈ Ignhv

A√mlp \¬Ip∂p. CXn\v kZm \µnImWn-°p-hm\pw IS-s∏-´-h-\mWv a\p-jy≥.

F∂n´pw B ISa Ah≥ \n¿h-ln-°p-∂n-s√∂v amX-a√, Ah-\-√mØ hkvXp-°-

tfmSv Iqdpw `‡nbpw ImWn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pI hgn Ah-t\mSv \µn-tISv ImWn-°p-

I-bm-W-h≥ sNøp-∂Xv F∂v kmcw. kqd-Øp¬ Ckvdm-C¬ ]d-bp∂p:

(\n›-b-ambpw, tIƒhnbpw,

ImgvNbpw, lrZ-b-hp-sa√mw Xs∂ AXmXn-s\-∏‰n tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Ip∂p.

(Ckvdm-Dv 36)

2610





[ 79]BIm-i-m¥-co-£-Øn¬Iogvs]-Sp-Ø-s∏-´-h-bm-bn-s°m≠v(]-d-°p-∂) ]£n-I-fn-te°v Ah¿t\m°n-°m-Wp-∂nt√? AhsbA√mlp A√msX (B-cpw) ]nSn®p\ndp-Øp-∂n√! \n›-b-am-bpw, hniz-kn-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v AXn¬ ]eZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp-ap-≠v.

[79] Ah¿ (t\m°n) ImWp-∂nt√, I≠nt√ ]£n-I-fn-te°v

Iogvs∏-SpØ (\nb-¥n°˛ hnt[-b-am°)s∏´-h-bm-bn-s°m≠v A¥-

co-£-Øn¬, hmbp-a-WvU-e-Øn¬ BIm-i-Øns‚ Ahsb ]nSn-

®p-\n-dp-Øp-∂n√ A√mlp A√msX \n›-b-ambpw AXn-ep≠v

]e ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ hniz-kn-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v

IcWw adn-bp-Itbm, hoWp-t]m-Ip-Itbm sNømsX, apI-fn¬ \n∂v ]nSn®p \ndp-Øp-hmt\m Xmsg \n∂v Xmßn-\n-dp-Øp-hmt\m Bcp-an-√msX, ]£n-Iƒ btYjvSwA¥-co-£-Øn¬ ]mdn-°-fn-°p∂ ImgvN F√m-hcpw ImWm-dp-≈-XmWv. kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dp-≈-h¿°v CXn¬ \n∂pw ]e ZrjvSm-¥-ßfpw e`n-°p-hm-\p-s≠∂v A√mlp Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂p. Iogvt]m´v hogmsX A¥-co-£-Øn¬]d-°p-hm≥ ]£n-Iƒ°v Ign-bp-am-dm-Ip-∂-Xn\v imkvX-⁄≥am¿°v Nne Imc-W-ß-sfms° ]d-bp-hm-\p-≈Xv icn-Xs∂. ]t£, B Imc-W-ßƒ Hcp-°n-bXpw,krjvSn-®p-sh-®Xpw A√m-lp-h-√msX a‰m-cp-a-√t√m. AsX√mw ]Ir-Xn-bpsS krjvSn-bm-sW∂v ]d™p Xr]vXn AS-bp-∂-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXn¬ "]Ir-Xn-bpsS hnIrXn' F∂-Xn¬ Ihn™ cl-ky-sam∂pw Is≠-Øp-hm≥ Ign-™n-s√-∂p-hcpw. F∂m¬, kXym-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v AXn¬ \n∂v hfsc ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ e`n-°p-hm-\p≠v \n›bw. A√mlp XpS¿∂p ]d-bp∂p:˛

[ 80] A√mlp (Xs∂),\nßƒ°v \nß-fpsS hoSp-I-fn¬\n∂pw Xmakw [Xma-k -ku-Icyw]

G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; Imen-I-fpsS tXmep-I-fn¬\n∂v \nßƒ°v Ah≥ hoSp-IƒG¿s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; \nß-fpsS bmXm-Zn -h-khpw, \nß-fpsS Xma-k-Zn-h-khpw\nßƒ Ahsb eLp-hmbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-amdv.

2611





Ah-bpsS tcma-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw,kqNn-ap-Sn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw, apSn-I-fn¬\n∂pw (]e) D]-I-c-W-ßfpw, HcpImewhtc-°p≈ D]-tbm-Khpw(Ah≥ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p).

[80] A√mlp (Xs∂) \nßƒ°v D≠m°n (G¿s∏-SpØn)X∂p

\nß-fpsS hoSp-I-fn¬ \n∂v ]m¿∏nSw, Xmakw, Xma-k-ku-

Icyw \nßƒ°-h≥ D≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp tXmep-I-fn¬

\n∂v Imen-I-fpsS hoSp-Isf \nß-f-hsb eLp-hmbn D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-amdv Znhkw \nß-fpsS bmX-bpsS Znh-khpw

\nß-fpsS Xma-kØn(]m¿∏n)s‚ Ah-bpsS tcma-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

Ah-bpsS kqNn-apSn (I´n-bp-≈-apSn) Ifn¬ \n∂pw Ah-bpsS

apSn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw D]-I-c-W-ßƒ D]-tbm-Khpw Hcp Imew (Ipd-

®p-Imew)hsc.

a\p-jy¿°v s]mXp-shbpw DjvW-]-tZ-i-ßƒ, ssiXy-]-tZ-i-ßƒ, acp-`q-an-IƒapX-em-b-h-bn¬ hkn-°p-∂-h¿°v hnti-jn®pw A√mlp G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Øn-´p≈ Nne kuI-cy-ßsf FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p-I-bmWv.

(1) NqSv, XWp∏v, shbn¬, ag- t]m-se-bp≈ iey-ß-fn¬ \n∂v kzÿ-ambn CjvSm-\p-k-cWw Xma-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ hoSp-I-fp-≠m-°p-hm≥ a\p-jy\v G¿∏mSv sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-ØXv.

(2) bmX-I-fn¬ IqsS-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-hm\pw, Xma-k-Øn-\p-t±-in-°p-tºmƒ \njv]-bmkw sI´n-bp-≠m-°p-hm\pw, Bh-iyw-h-cp-tºmƒ thKw \o°w sNøp-hm\pw km[n-°p-amdv Imen-I-fpsS tXmep-sIm≠v Xºpw IqSm-c-hp-ap-≠m-°p-hm≥ kuI-cy-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv.

(3) BSp-am-sSm-´-I-ß-fpsS tcma-ßfpw apSn-Ifpw sIm≠v hkvXw, ]pX∏v, XºvXpSßn kµ¿`-ßƒs°mØ ]e-Xcw D]-I-c-W-ß-fp-≠m°n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥km[n-∏n-®Xv. AXm-Xn-\v -th-≠p∂ hkvXp-°sf krjvSn®p X∂-Xn-∂v -]p-dsa,Hmtcm∂pw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p≈ am¿K-\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ e`n-°p-∂Xpw, Hmtcm-∂n\pw D]-bp-‡-amb kml-N-cy-ßƒ kn≤n-°p-∂Xpw A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂-√msXa‰m-cn¬ \n∂p-a-√t√m.

BSp-am-sSm-´-I-ß-fm-Ip∂ Imen-I-fmWv ΩÉ©rfCG(A≥-Bw). Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw tcmawt\¿a-bnepw _e-Ønepw XSn-bnepw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cn°pw. Iq´-Øn¬ t\cn-bXpwan\p-ØXpw s\øm-Sns‚ tcma-am-Ip∂p. CXn\v ±ƒ°U (tcmaw) F∂v ]d-b-s∏Spw.IqSp-X¬ XSnbpw _e-hp-ap-≈Xv H´-I-Øn-s‚-Xp-am-Ip∂p. CXn\v ôHh(kqNn-apSn)F∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. tImem-Sn-s‚bpw a‰pw tcma-ßƒ°v s]mXpsh ô©°T (apSn)

2612





F∂pw ]d-b-s∏Spw. (*) Ch-bpsS _lp-h-N-\-ß-fmWv Ia-]-Imcw ,QÉHhG ,±Gƒ°UGGQÉ©°TG F∂nh.

~éæŸG `g ôHh’h ±ƒ°üH ¢ù«d ¿~ÑdG ΩÉ°ùe øe âÑæj Ée : ô©°ûdG (*)

[81] A√mlp, Ah≥ krjvSn-®-Xn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ°v XW-ep-IƒD≠m-°n-Ø-cn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn -°p∂p; ae-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ah≥\nßƒ°v Hfn-bn-S-ßfpw D≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p; \nßƒ°v NqSv X-Sp-Øp-X-cp∂ DSp-∏p-I-sfbpw \nßƒ°-h≥ D≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p; \nß-fpsS (bp≤-Øns‚) ImTn-\ysØ\nßƒ°v XSp-Øp-X-cp∂ DSp-∏p-I-sfbpw (D≠m-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p).A]-Imcw, Ahs‚ A\p-KlwAh≥ \nßƒ°v ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-Ø-cp∂p, \nßƒ (A\p-k-cn®p)Iosgm-Xp-ßp-hm≥ th≠n.

[81] A√mlp \nßƒ°p-≠m-°n-Ø∂p Ah≥ krjvSn-

®-Xn¬ \n∂v XW-ep-Isf \nßƒ°p-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp

ae-I-fn¬ \n∂v Hfn-bnSw (ad-™n-cn-°p∂ ]Xn)Isf

\nßƒ°p-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp DSp-∏p-Iƒ \nßsf ImØp

kq£n-°p∂, \nßƒ°v XSp-°p∂ NqSns\ (NqSn¬ \n∂v) DSp-∏p-

Ifpw Ah \nßsf Im°p∂p \nß-fpsS (]S-bpsS) Du°ns\,

(bp≤) ImTn-\ysØ A]-Imcw Ah≥ ]q¿Øn-bm-°p∂p Ahs‚

A\p-Klw \nß-fp-sS-ta¬, \nßƒ°v \nß-fm-Ip-hm≥ th≠n,

Btb°mw \nßƒ Iosgm-Xpßpw.

Cu hN-\-Øn¬ FSp-Øp-Im-Wn® A\p-K-l-ßƒ:

(1) DjvW-Øn¬ \n∂v c£ In´p-amdv XW-te-Ip∂ hr£-ßƒ, Ip∂p-Iƒ,`nØn-Iƒ XpS-ßnb hkvXp-°sf k÷-am-°n-bXv. shbn-ens‚ DjvW-Øn¬ XW¬In´m-Xn-cp-∂m-esØ ÿnXn Bscbpw ]d-™-dn-bn-t°-≠-Xn-√t√m.

(2) th≠n-h-cp-tºmƒ A`bw ]m]n-°p-hm\pw Hfn-™n-cn-°p-hm\pw DX-Ip-amdvXpc-¶-ßƒ, Kpl-Iƒ, amf-ßƒ, s]mØp-Iƒ apX-em-bh ae-I-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. h√ Bh-iy-ßƒ°pw-th≠n ae-I-fn-eqsS k©-cn-t°≠n hcp-∂-

2613





h¿°pw Nne ASn-b-¥-c-L-´-ß-fn¬ Poh-c-£-°v -X-s∂bpw, CXv AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-bn-cn°pw.

(3) DjvW-Øn¬ \n∂v c£-\¬Ip∂ ]e-Xcw DSp∏pw hkvXhpw \¬In-bXv.

(4) bp≤-th-f-bn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ ITn-\-]-cn-°p-I-fn¬ \n∂v c£-In-´p-hm-\p-X-Ip∂]S-b¶n, ]S-®´, ]S-sØm∏n apX-emb DSp-∏p-Iƒ D≠m-°p-am-dm-°n-bXv. CsX√mwHm¿an-∏n-®-tijw, Cßn-s\-bp-ff At\-I-a-t\Iw A\p-K-l-ßƒ \nßƒ°v A√mlpsNbvXp-X-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv \nßƒ Ahs\ A\p-k-cn®pw, Ah∂v Iosgm-Xp-ßnbpw,Pohn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bm-sW∂pw DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. AXn\v Xøm-dn-√m-Ø-h-sc-∏‰n A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛

[82] F\n, Ah¿ Xncn-™p-I-f-s™-¶n¬, F∂m¬, (\_ntb)\ns‚-ta¬ kv]jvS-amb ]t_m-[\w amX-am-Wp-≈Xv.

[82] F\n (F∂m¬) Ah¿ Xncn™p If-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

F∂m¬ \ns‚ ta¬ FØn-°¬, ]t_m-[\w (amXw) kv]jvS-amb

k≥am¿Kw hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-b-√msX Ahsc k≥am¿K-Øn-em-t°≠ Npa-Xe \_n˜°n√ F∂p-t±iyw.

[83] A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-lsØ Ah¿ (icn°pw) Adn-bp∂p; (F∂n´pw) ]ns∂, Ah-c-Xns\ \ntj-[n-°p-I-bmWv. Ah-cn¬ A[n-I-am-fp-Iƒ (\µn-sI´)Ahn-izm-kn-I-fp-asX.

[83] Ah¿ Adn-bp∂p A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-lsØ ]ns∂

(F∂n´pw) Ah-c-Xns\ \ntj-[n-°p∂p Ah-c-Xn¬ A[nIw (Bfp-

Iƒ) Ahn-izm-kn-I-fsX, \µn-sI-´-h-cmWv.

CXmWv kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS ÿnXn. kXym-hÿ Adn-bmsX hgn-]n-g®p t]mIp-I-b√ Ah¿ sNøp-∂Xv. AXp-sIm≠v AXns‚ ^ew Ah¿ A\p-`-hn-°pI Xs∂th≠n-hcpw.

hn`mKw ˛ 12

[ 84] F√m kap-Zm -b-Øn¬\n∂pw Hmtcm km£nsb \mw

2614





(\ntbm-Kn®v) Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p∂Znhkw (Hm¿an-°pI)! ]ns∂, Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿°v (Hgn-I-gnhv) ]d-bp-hm≥ A\p-hmZw \¬I-s∏-Sp-I-bn√;Ah-tcmSv (tJZn-®p-a-Sßn) Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an√.

[85] AIaw ]h¿Øn-®-h¿in£ (IÆn¬) I≠m-em-Is´,At∏mƒ (]ns∂), AX-h¿°veLq-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√; Ah¿ (°vCS-\¬In) ImØp-\n-dp-Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an√.

[84] Znhkw \mw Fgp-t∂¬]n (\ntbmKn)°p∂ F√m

ka-pZm-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hcp km£nsb ]ns∂ A\p-hmZw \¬I-s∏-

Sp-I-bn√ Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿°v Ah-c-√-Xm\pw tJZn®p

aS-ßp-hm≥ (Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥) Bh-iy-s∏Spw [85] I≠m¬

AIaw ]h¿Øn-®-h¿ in£sb At∏mƒ eLp-hm-°-

s∏-Sp-∂-X√. Ah¿°v, Ah-cn¬ \n∂v Ah-c-√-Xm\pw Ah¿

t\m° (ImØp-\n-dpØ˛Hgnhv \¬I)s∏SpI.

89˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ImWm-hp-∂-Xvt]mse, AXXp kap-Zm-b-ß-fn-te°v \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-cp∂ \_n-am¿ B kap-Zm-b-ßƒ Xß-fpsS ]t_m-[\w kzoI-cn-®-Xn-s\bpw,\nc-kn-®-Xn-s\bpw Ipdn®p Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn¬ km£yw hln°pw. At∏mƒ, h√Hgn-I-gnhpw ]d™p Hgn-hm-Ip-hm-\m-Is´, tJZn®p aSßn A√m-lp-hns‚ Xr]vXnkºm-Zn-°p-hm-\m-Is´ Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Ah-kcw \¬I-s∏-Sp-I-bn√. Ah-cpsS\ntj-[-Øns‚ êw Ah¿ A\p-`-hn-°p-I-b-√msX Ah¿°v KXy-¥-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-bn√. in£ Iäp-ºn¬ h∂p-I-gn-™m-em-Is´, ]ns∂ AXn¬ Ah¿°v h√Cfhpw \¬Ip-Itbm, ]nt∂°v \oń-sh-°p-Itbm sNøp∂ ]iv\-hp-an√. Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ Npcp°w. Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fns\ Nq≠n-

°m- n-s°m≠v as‰m-cn-SØv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:

(Ah¿˛ hymPam-°p-∂-h¿˛an≠mØ Znh-k-amWv CXv. Ah¿°v A\p-hmZw \¬I-s∏-Sp-I-bp-an√. F∂m-e-h¿°v Hgn-I-gnhv ]d-bm-am-bn-cp∂p. (77 :35,36)

[86] (A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv) ]¶p-tN¿Ø-h¿ Xß-fpsS (Xßƒ ]¶p-tN¿Ø) ]¶m-fn -Isf I≠m¬Ah¿ ]dbpw: "Rß-fpsS dt∫,

2615





(CXm) C°q-´-csX \n\°v ]pdsaRßƒ hnfn®p (]m¿Yn®p)sIm≠n-cp∂ Rß-fpsS [Rßƒ]¶p -tN¿Ø] ]¶m -fn -Iƒ.'At∏mƒ, Ah¿ [B ]¶m-fn-Iƒ]

"\n›-b-ambpw, \nßƒ hymPw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ Xs∂-bmWv' F∂p≈hm°v Ah-cpsS t\sc (adp-]Sn)C´p-sIm-Sp°pw.

[87] A∂v Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚t\sc Iog-S°w ]Z¿in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw; Ah¿ sI´n-®-a-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv (Hs°bpw) Ahschn´p (sX‰n) ad-bp-Ibpw sNøpw.

[88] Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v (P\-ßsf) XS-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≈-h¿, Ah¿°v in£-°p-aosX \mwin£sb h¿[n-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv.Ah¿ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂Xv \nanØw.

[86] I≠m¬, ImWp-tºmƒ in¿°v (]¶p-tN¿°¬)

sNbvX-h¿ Ah-cpsS ]¶m-fn-Isf Ah¿ ]dbpw Rß-fpsS dt∫

(CXm) C°q-´¿ Xß-fpsS ]¶m-fn-I-fmWv Rßƒ Bbn-cp-

∂-h¿ Rßƒ hnfn°p˛]m¿Yn°p(ambn-cp∂) \n\°v ]pdsa, \ns∂

IqSmsX At∏mƒ Ah¿ C´p-sIm-Sp°pw Ah-cn-te°v, Ah-cpsS t\sc

hm°v \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ hymPw (Ifhp) ]d-bp-∂-h¿

Xs∂ (F∂p≈) [87] Ah¿ CSpI (Im´pI˛ ]Z¿in-∏n°p)bpw sNøpw

A√m-lp-hns‚ t\sc A∂v, B Znhkw Iosgm-Xp°w, kam-

[m\w sX‰n (ad™p) t]mIbpw sNøpw Ah¿°v, Ahsc hn´v

Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂Xv Ah¿ sI´n-®-a°pw. [88] Ahn-iz-kn-®-h¿

Ah¿ XSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp am¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v A√m-lp-hns‚

\mw h¿[n-∏n°pw Ah¿°v in£sb aosX in£-bpsS

Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂Xv \nanØw Ah¿ Ipg∏w ]h¿Øn°pw.

2616





A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ß-fn¬s]´ h√-Xnepw Ah-t\mSv ]¶p-tN¿Øp-sIm≠v Bcm-[n-°-s∏-´p-h-cp∂ F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw˛ AXv hnK-l-ßtfm, a\p-

jytcm, ae-°p-Itfm as‰m Bhs´˛ Dt±-in-®mWv AÉcô°T (]¶m-fn-Iƒ) F∂v ]d-

™n-cn-°p-∂Xv. Bcpw Xs∂ Ah-cpsS Bcm-[-I≥amsc klm-bn-°p-Itbm c£n-°p-Itbm Cs√∂v amX-a√, Ah¿ Ah-cn¬ \n∂v Hgn-™p-am-dp-Ibpw, Ah¿s°-Xn-cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. Rßsf Bcm-[n-°p-hm≥ Rßƒ \nß-tfmSv Bh-iy-s∏-ń-ń√, Rß-f-Xn\v Xr]vXn-s∏-´p-an√, \nßƒ Ifhv ]d-bp-I-bmWv Fs∂m-s°-bm-bn-cn°pw Ah¿ ]d-bpI. kq: a¿b-an¬ A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "Xßƒ°v Hcp(klmb) i‡n-bm-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥th≠n Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn∂v ]pdsa Nne Bcm-[y≥amsc kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Aß-s\-b√, Ah¿ Ch-cpsS Bcm-[-\sb(Xs∂) \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw, Ch¿°v Ah¿ FXn-cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-XmWv.'(a¿bw: 81,82) Aßs\, Xßsf c£n-°p-sa∂v Ah¿ Icp-Xn-bn-cp∂ B ssZh-ßƒ Ah¿°v D]-I-cn-°m-Xm-Ip-tºmƒ Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn∂v hn\-b-]q¿∆w Iosgm-Xp°w ImWn°pw. ]t£, Cl-Øn¬ K¿∆n-jvS-cm-bn-°-gn-™-Xns‚ êw AXp-sIm≠v C√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-I-bn√.

hnK-l-ßƒ \n¿Poh hkvXp-°-fm-bn-cns°, Ah Fßns\ Ah-bpsS Bcm-[-I¿s°-Xnsc hmZn-°p-sa∂v kwi-bn-t°-≠-Xn√. ]c-tem-I-Øvsh®v AXpw AXn-e-[n-Ihpw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂pw, _p≤nbpw Poh-\p-an-√m-Xn-cp∂ hkvXp-°ƒt]mepwAhnsS A\p-Iq-e-ambpw ]Xn-Iq-e-ambpw km£n-I-fmbn hcp-∂-Xp-sams° Izp¿-B≥sIm≠pw lZo-Yv sIm≠pw Adn-b-s∏-´-XmWv. Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v a‰p-≈-hsc XS-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿°v Ah¿ kzbw -hgn]ng-®-Xn-s‚bpw, a‰p-≈sc hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-Ibpw, AXp-hgn `qan-bn¬ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-s‚bpw in£-Iƒ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠-Xp-≠t√m. AXmWv Ah¿°vin£-°p-ta¬ in£ h¿[n-∏n-°p-sa∂v ]d-™Xv.

[89] F√m kap-Zm-b-ØnepwAh-cn¬ \n∂v Xs∂ Ah-cpsSta¬ (km£yw hln-°p∂) Hcpkm£nsb \mw Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p∂Znhkw (Hm¿an-°pI)! (\_ntb)C°q-´ -cp -sS-ta¬ km£n-bmbn\ns∂ \mw sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xp-amWv.

F√m-Im-cy-Øn\pw hnh-c-W-am-bn-s°m≠v \ns‚-ta¬ \mw (thZ)KŸw Ah-X-cn -∏n -°p -IbpwsNbvXn-cn-°p∂p; am¿KZ¿i-\hpw,Imcp-Wyhpw, "apkvenw' Iƒ°vkt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bp-am-bn-s°m≠pw(Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p).

2617





[89] Znhkw \mw Fgp-t∂¬]n-°p∂p (Ab-°p∂p, \ntbm-Kn-°p∂p)

F√m kap-Zm-b-Ønepw Hcp km£nsb Ah-cp-sS-ta¬

Ah-cpsS kz¥-ß-fn¬ \n∂v, Ah-cn¬ \n∂v-Xs∂ \mw hcp-Ibpw sNøpw.

\ns∂-s°m≠v km£n-bmbn C°q-´-cp-sS-ta¬ \mw Cd-

°pI (Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI)bpw sNbvXp \n\°v, \ns‚-ta¬ (thZ)

KŸw hnh-c-W-am-bn´v F√m Imcy-Øn\pw am¿K-Z¿i-\-

ambpw Imcp-Wy-ambpw kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bmbpw apkvenw-

Iƒ°v

Hmtcm kap-Zm-b-Øn-sebpw \_n-am¿, Xß-fpsS ]t_m-[-\sØ kw_-‘n®vXß-fpsS kap-Zmbw F¥v \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-®p-sh∂v Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fn¬ km£ywhln-°p-∂-XmWv. Iq -Øn¬, \_n Xncp-ta\n˜ Cu kap-Zm-b-Øn\pw km£n-bmbnhcpw. B km£yw Xßƒ°v FXn-cm-Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ F√m-hcpw kq£n-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂v A√mlp DW¿Øp∂p. Cu hnjbw kq: \nkm-Dv: 41 epw A√mlp DW¿Øn-

bn-´p≠v. AXnse hmNIw CXmWv (F√m kap-Zm-b-Øn¬

\n∂pw \mw Hmtcm km£nsb sIm≠p-h-cp-Ibpw, C°q-´-cp-sS-ta¬ km£n-bmbn\ns∂ \mw sIm≠p-h-cp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ Fßn-s\-bm-bn-cn°pw (Ch-cpsSÿnXn)?! B hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn® kwK-Xn-Iƒ Chn-sSbpw Hm¿°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn°pw. A∂sØ Znhkw c£ In´p-hm\pw, \_n Xncp-ta-\n˜bpsSkm£yw A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ GI-am¿Kw A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\m \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ A\p-k-cn-°-em-Wt√m. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ASpØ hmIy-Øn¬ Izp¿-B≥Ah-X-cn-∏n® Imcyhpw DW¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv.

Izp¿-Bs‚ khn-ti-j-X-I-fmbn ChnsS FSp-Øp-Im- n-bXv \mep Imcy-ß-fm-Ip∂p.

1. (F√m Imcy-Øn\pw hnh-c-W-am-WXv). AXm-bXv, \≥a-Iƒ

kºm-Zn-°p-hm\pw, Xn≥a-I-fn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw th≠p∂ F√m Imcy-ßfpw AXn¬ khn-kvXcw hnh-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂v kmcw. thsdmcp ÿeØv

A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: (Cu KŸ-Øn¬ \mw bmsXmcp

hogvNbpw hcp-Øn-bn-ń√) (6:38)

2. ik~ognh (am¿K-Z¿i-\-hp-am-WXv). AXm-bXv, Zp¿am¿K-Øn¬ ]Xn-°msX

k≥am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-°p-hm≥ th≠p∂ D]-tZi \n¿tZ-i-ß-fpsS kam-lm-c-am-WXv.

3. ánªrMnQnh (Imcp-Wy-hp-am-WXv). AsX, a\p-jy¿ Zp¿am¿K-Øn-e-I-s∏´p in£m¿l-

cm-bn-Øo-cm-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw, Ah¿°v tam£hpw hnP-bhpw ssIh-cp-hm\pw th≠nAh-cpsS t\sc-bp≈ ImcpWyw \nanØw A√mlp Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p≈ Hcp alm-

\p-K-l-am-WXv. (temI¿°v Imcp-Wy-am-bn- -√msX \ns∂

\mw Ab-®n-ń√. 21:107). ]t£, AXn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw, AXns‚ am¿K-Z¿i\wkzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v amXta A\p-Klw Bkz-Zn-°p-hm≥ `mKy-ap-≠m-

2618





bn-cn-°p-I-bp≈q. Ah-csX apkvenw-Iƒ.

4. (apkvenw-Iƒ°v kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bp-amWv.) At∏mƒ, bYm¿Y

apkvenw-I-f-√m-Ø-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXv kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn√˛Xm°oXv amX-am-bn-cn°pw˛ F∂p-≈Xv kzm`m-hn-I-am-Ip∂p.

Izp¿-B≥ F√m Imcy-Øn-s‚bpw hnh-c-W-amWv ( ) F∂v ]d-™-

Xp-sIm≠v a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Imem-Imew G¿s]-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ sNdpXpwhep-Xp-amb kIe Imcy-ß-fp-sSbpw hn[n khn-kvXcw Izp¿-B-\n¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-ń-´p-s≠t∂m, Izp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-SmØ F√m Imcyhpwa\p-jy\v Ahs‚ CjvSm-\p-k-cWw ssIImcyw sNøm-sat∂m [cn-®p-IqSm. Izp¿-B≥ F√m Imcy-Øn-s‚bpw hnh-c-W-amsW' ∂v Chn-sSbpw "F√m Imcyhpw \mwicn°v hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p' sh∂v kq: Ckvdm-Dv 12 epw A√mlp ]d-™-Xns‚A¿Yw Bh-iy-amb F√m Imcyhpw khn-iZw AXn¬ hnh-cn-®n-´p≠v F∂sX.CXp-aqew AXn¬ hy‡-am-°-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ Imcy-ß-fpsS hnh-cWw e`n-°p-∂XvFß-s\-bm-sW-∂v -IqSn a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. AXn-]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p:˛

(1) hf-sc-b-[nIw hnj-b-ßƒ hy‡-amb `mj-bn¬ Xs∂ khn-iZw Izp¿-B≥hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. XuloZv, in¿°v, ]c-tem-I-Po-hnXw F∂n-ßs\ auenI ][m-\-ß-fmb hnj-b-ßƒ XpSßn hpZzq, XbΩpw, A\-¥-cm-h-Imi \nb-a-ßƒ F∂n-ßs\ I¿am-\p-jvTm-\-]-c-amb GXm\pw Imcy-ßƒhsc ]eXpw AXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p.

(2) Izp¿-B≥ hn`m-h\w sNøp∂ XXz-ß-sfbpw, AXnse D]-tZi \n¿tZ-i-ß-sfbpw ASn-ÿm-\-am°n hf-sc-b-[nIw Imcy-ßƒ hm°v -ap-tJ-\bpw, ]hrØn aptJ-\bpw \_nXncp-ta-\n˜bpw hnh-cn®p X∂n-cn-°p∂p. CXn-\mWv \_n˜bpsSkp∂Øv (Ncy) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. "\nßƒ°v A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-en¬ \√-Xmb amXr-I-bp≠v.' (33:21) F∂pw a‰p-ap≈ Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ CXmWv Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv. "F\n°v Izp¿-B\pw, AtXm-sSm∏w AXbpw \¬I-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p.' (Zm.)F∂v Xncp-ta\n Acp-fn-s®-bvXXpw AXmWv Ipdn-°p-∂Xv. \_n˜bpsS kp∂-Øns\ ]n≥]-‰p-∂Xv bYm¿Y-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ KŸsØ ]n≥]-‰¬ Xs∂-

bm-WvXm\pw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: (B¿ dkq-ens\ A\p-

k-cn-®pthm Ah≥ A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn®p Ign™p. (4:80). sNdpXpw hep-Xp-ambn temIm-h-km\whsc-bp-≠m-Ip∂ kIe Imcy-ßfpw Izp¿-B-\n¬ hnh-cn-°-s∏- n- n-s√∂pw, AXv ]mtbm-Kn-I-a-s√∂pw hy‡-amWv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv dkq-ens‚amXrI ]n≥]-‰p-hm\pw dkq-ens‚ I¬]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-hm\pw A√mlp I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xpw.

(3) F\n, Izp¿-B-\nepw, kp∂-Ønepw hy‡-ambn hn[n ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ h√ hnj-bhpw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ, B c≠nepw hy‡-am-°-s∏´ XXz-ßƒ, \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ, kqN-\-Iƒ BZn-bm-b-hsb ASn-ÿm-\-am°n A¿l-Xbpw ]m]vXn-bp-ap-ff Bfp-Iƒ Ah-bn¬ \n∂v I≠p-]n-Sn®p Ah°v ]cn-lmcw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip∂p.

CXmWv "CPvXn-lmZv' (OÉ¡àL’G) F∂ kmt¶-XnI \ma-Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.

2619





CXp-kw-_-‘n®p IqSp-X¬ hnkvX-cn-°p-hm≥ ChnsS kuI-cy-an√. AXn\v AXn-s‚-Xmb ]tXyI KŸ-ßsf Bi-bn-t°-≠-XmWv. Izp¿-B≥ F√m Imcy-Øn-s‚bpw hnh-c-Whpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-hp-amWv F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ _mlym¿Yw amXws]m°n-∏n-Sn®p sIm≠v Izp¿-B≥ amXsa apkvenw-Iƒ ]am-W-ambn AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≈q-sh∂pw, \_n˜bpsS kp∂Øpw a‰pw Ckvem-ans‚ ]am-W-a-s√-∂p-sams° Nne ]ng® I£n-Iƒ hmZn-®p-h-cm-dp≠v. Ah-cpsS hmZ-]-Imcw Ckvem-anI \nb-a-ßƒ°v cq]w \¬Ip-∂-]£w, \a-kvImcw k°mØv XpS-ßnb A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ°vt]mepw Hcp \n›nX cq]tam, \nb-a-hy-h-ÿtbm D≠m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥\nhr-Øn-bn-√m-sX-hcpw. (*) \a-kvImcw F∂v t]¿ ]d-b-s∏-Sm-hp∂ h√ I¿a-cq-]hpw Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw BN-cn-®m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ IS-a-Xo¿∂p-sh∂pw, kImØvF∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-hn[w h√Xpw Nne-h-gn-®m¬ B IS-abpw Xo¿∂p-sh-∂p-am-bn-cn°pw ^e-Øn¬ B hmZ-Øns‚ A¿Yw. Npcp-°-Øn¬ aX-]-c-amb X\n Acm-P-I-Xz-Øn-te-°p≈ £W-amWv AsX∂v A¬]w _p≤nbpw, iIew kXy-hn-izm-k-hp-ap≈ B¿°pw a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ ]bm-k-an√. amX-a√, B hmZn-Iƒt]mepw]am-W-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ hf-sc-tbsd Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ°v bmsXmcp

\nebpw hne-bp-an-√m-Xm-°p∂ Hcp hmZ-am-WXv. (¬∏dG PÉ©e)

hn`mKw ˛ 13

(*) a¿lqw tUmIvS¿ apkvX^m k_m-Cu-bpsS≈eÓ°S’G ™jô°ûàdG ≈a É¡àfÉµeh≈eÓ°S’G ™jô°ûàdG ≈a É¡àfÉµeh≈eÓ°S’G ™jô°ûàdG ≈a É¡àfÉµeh≈eÓ°S’G ™jô°ûàdG ≈a É¡àfÉµeh≈eÓ°S’G ™jô°ûàdG ≈a É¡àfÉµeháæ°ùdGáæ°ùdGáæ°ùdGáæ°ùdGáæ°ùdG F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ Cu hnjbw th≠-Xv -t]mse hnh-cn-®p-ImWmw. "\_n-

N-cybpw Ckvemw ico-A-Øn¬ AXns‚ ÿm\hpw' F∂ t]cn¬ Cubp-≈-

h≥ AXns\ ae-bm-f-Øn-te°v `mjm-¥cw sNbvXn- p-ap≠v. ¬∏d ~ª◊G

[90] \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp,\oXn sNbv -hm\pw, \∑ sNbv -hm\pw, IpSpw_ _‘-ap-≈-h¿°vsImSp-°p-hm\pw I¬]n-°p∂p;\oN-hr -Øn -sbbpw, Zpcm -Nm -c -sØbpw, AXn-I-a-sØbpw Ipdn®vAh≥ hntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.\nßƒ Hm¿a sh°p-hm≥ th≠nAh≥ \nßƒ°v kZp -]-tZiw\¬Ip-I-bmWv.

[90] \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp I¬]n-°p∂p \oXn-sb-∏‰n (\oXn

sNbv-hm≥) \∑ (]pWyw) sNbv-hm\pw sImSp-°p-hm\pw

ASpØ (IpSpw_) _‘-ap-≈-h¿°v Ah≥ hntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p

\oN-hr-Øn-sb-°p-dn®v shdp-°-s∏- -Xn-s\bpw, Zpcm-Nm-c-sØbpw

AXn-I-asØ (Iaw sX‰p-∂-Xns\˛[n°m-csØ)bpw Ah≥

2620





\nßƒ°v kZp-]-tZiw \¬Ip∂p, D]-tZiw \¬Ip-I-bmWv \nß-fm-Ip-

hm≥, Btb°pw \nßƒ D‰m-tem-Nn°pw, Hm¿a-sh°pw.

F√m \∑-I-fp-sSbpw, Xn∑-I-fp-sSbpw \nZm\w AS-ßn-bXpw, k≥am¿K hyh-ÿ-bpsS ASn-Ø-d-bn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp hN-\-asX CXv.

C_v\p Pco¿, Xz_vdm\o, lmInw (d) apX-em-b-hcpw, _pJmco (d) At±-l-Øns‚ "AZ_n'epw, ss_lIzo (d) At±-l-Øns‚ "ipA_n'epw C_v\p akv-DuZv (d) ]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn C]-Imcw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p: "A√m-lp-hns‚InXm-_nse G‰hpw al-Ømb BbØv (A√mlp˛Ah-\-√msX Hcp Bcm-[y-\p-an√˛ Poh-Øm-bp-≈-h-\mWv, k¿h-\n-b-¥m-hm-bp-≈-h-\mWv)F∂ Bb-Øm-Ip∂p. \∑bpw, Xn∑bpw G‰-hp-a-[nIw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ BbØvkqd-Øp-∂-lv-ense (\n›-b-ambpw A√mlp, \oXn sNbv-hm\pw \∑ sNbv-hm\pw I¬]n-°p∂p) F∂ (Cu) Bb-Øm-Ip∂p. Imcy-ßƒA√m-lp -hn¬ `c -ta¬]n -°p -hm≥ G‰hpw t]cn -∏n -°p∂ BbØv... (B¿ A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-∂pthm Ah\v Ah≥t]mwhgn˛c£m-am¿Kw˛G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw, Ah≥ hnNm-cn-°mØ hn[-Øn-eqsS Ah\v D]-Po-h\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw. (XzemIzv:2) F∂p≈ Bb-Øm-Ip∂p. kp]-Xo£ \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ G‰hpw i‡n-a-Øm-bXv .... (]d-bpI: Xß-fpsS kz¥-ß-tfmSv AXn-cp-I-hn™ ASn-a-Itf, \nßƒA√m-lp-hns‚ Imcp-Wy-sØ-°p-dn®v Bi apdn-b-cpXv. \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp, ]m]-ßƒ apgp-h\pw s]mdp-°p-∂-XmWv. (kpa¿: 53) F∂ Bb-Øm-Ip∂p."

lm^nfzv A_q-b-Avem (ìQ ` ≈∏r©njƒoHnG ßpaÉn◊G)bpw a‰pw D≤-cn® Hcp kw`-h-Øn¬C]-Imcw h∂n-cn-°p∂p: Atd-_y-bnse Hcp XXz-⁄m-\n-bm-bn-cp∂ AIvY-ap_v\psskz^nøp (≈Ø«n°U ørH ºnãrcnG) \_n˜bpsS shfn-]m-Sn-s\-∏‰n tI´-t∏mƒ, t\cn¬sN∂p hnh-c-a-dn-bp-hm≥ th≠n At±lw Bf-b-®n-cp∂p. Ah-cn¬\n∂v At±lwCu ( ) Bb-Øn-s\-∏‰n Adn-bp-hm-\n-S-bmbn. At∏mƒ At±lw]d™p: "At±lw˛ \_n˜ D¬IrjvS kz`m-h-ß-sf-∏‰n I¬]n-°p-∂-Xmbpw,\nIrjvS kz`m-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hntcm-[n-°p-∂-Xmbpw ImWp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v CuImcy-Øn¬ \nßƒ Xe-I-fm-bn-cn-°Ww˛hmep-I-fmbn Xoc-cpXv. (apº≥am-cm-hWw.]nº-∑m-cm-h-cpXv.)'

aq∂v Imcy-ß-fmWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlp I¬]n-°p-∂Xv.

1˛ma- sØXv: ∫~©dG(\oXn). Aan-X-am-°p-Itbm, hogvN hcp-Øp-Itbm sNømsX,Hmtcm Imcy-Ønepw AX-Xns‚ a≤y-ahpw anX-hp-amb \ne ssIs°m-≈pI F∂sX\oXn-sIm≠v hnh£. A√m-lp-hns\ kw_-‘n-°p-∂tXm, krjvSn-Isf kw_-‘n-°p-∂tXm Bb GXv Imcy-Ønepw˛kz¥w Imcy-Øn¬t]mepw˛ CXv \n¿_-‘-am-Ip∂p \oXn ]men-°-s∏-SmØ Imcy-ß-sf√mw A\o-Xnbpw AI-ahpw Xs∂. A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Awdn-_v\n¬ Bkzv (d) s‚ ]kn-≤-amb Hcp kw`-h-Øn¬ \_n˜At±-l-tØmSv Cßns\ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: "\n›-b-ambpw, Xs‚ ico-c-tØmSv X\n°vIS-a-bp≠v; Xs‚ IÆp-I-tfmSpw X\n°v IS-a-bp≠v; Xs‚ `mcy-tbmSpw X\n°v IS-

2621





a-bp≠v; Xs∂ kµ¿in-°p-∂-h-tcmSpw X\n°v IS-a-bp≠v. AXp-sIm≠v F√m amk-Ønepw Xm≥ aq∂v (kp∂Øv) t\mºv t\m‰m¬ aXn. ImcWw, X\n°v Hmtcm\∑°pw ]Øn-cń (]Xn-êw) D≠m-bn-cn°pw. At∏mƒ AXv, Imew apgp-h\pwt\mºp-]n-Sn-°-embn' (_p.ap.)

\oXn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ H∂mw ÿm\w A¿ln-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-cm-hIm-i-ßfpw, al-Xz-ßfpw Ah-\v -amXw hI-sh®p sImSp-°p-I-sb∂ XuloZpw,A\o-Xn-I-fn¬ sh®v G‰hpw Kuc-h-ta-dn-bXv AXns‚ hn]-co-X-amb in¿°p-am-Ip-∂p-sh∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn√. AsX, (\n›-b-ambpw, in¿°v hºn®A\o-Xn-bm-Ip∂p. (31:13) apl-Ω-Zp-_v\p¬ Izpdfzo (d) (≈Xô≤dG øH ~sªnëoe)bn¬ \n∂vC_v\p A_o lmXnw (d) Cßns\ D≤-cn-°p∂p: Fs∂ (Jeo^x) Da-dp_v\pA_vZn¬ Akokv (d) hnfn®p "F\n°v \oXn-sb-°p-dn®v hnh-cn®p XcWw' F∂m-h-iy-s∏´p. Rm≥ Cßns\ ]d™p: "Atlm! hen-sbmcp Imcy-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv\nßƒ tNmZn-®Xv. sNdnb a\p-jy¿°v \nßƒ ]nXmhpw, hen-b-h¿°v aI\pw,ka≥am¿°v ktlm-Z-c\pw, AtX-]-Imcw Xs∂ kvXoI-tfmSpw Bbn-s°m-≈pI.P\-ß-tfmSv Ah-cpsS Ip‰-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®pw, Ah-cpsS ico-c-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®pwin£m-\-S-]Sn kzoI-cn°pI. \nß-fpsS tZjyw \nanØw Hcm-sfbpw Hscm‰ NΩ-ń-b-Snbpw ASn-°-cpXv. F∂m¬ \nßƒ AI-an-bm-bn-Øocpw.' \oXn-bpsS hym]vXntaep-≤-cn-®-Xn¬ \ns∂√mw hy‡-am-Wt√m.

2˛ma-sØXv: ¿É°ùM’G(\∑ sNø¬˛ AYhm ]pWyw sNø¬). \n¿_‘ IS-a-Iƒ F∂-t]mse sF—n-I-amb Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ, Bcm-[\m I¿a-ßƒ, Pt\m-]-Im-c-]-Z-amb Imcy-ßƒ apX-emb F√m ]pWy-I¿a-ßfpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p. Ctßm´vXn∑ sNbvX-h-tcmSv Atßm´v Xn∑ sNømsX \∑ sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv G‰hpwtate-In-S-bn-ep≈ \∑-bsX. C_v\p Da¿ (d) ]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn _pJm-cnbpw, apkv-enapw (d) D≤-cn® ]kn-≤-amb Hcp lZo-Yn¬ ¿É°ùMEG F∂ hm°n\v \_n˜ \¬InbhymJym\w Cßn-s\-bmWv: ∑Gôj ¬fÉa √GôJ øµJ ⁄ ¿Éa √GôJ ∂fCÉc ¬∏dG ~Ñ©J ¿G (\o A√m-lp-hns\ ImWp-∂p-sh-∂-t]mse Ahs\ \o Bcm-[n-°p-I-bmWv. \o Ahs\ ImWp-∂n-s√-¶n¬, \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ \ns∂ ImWp-∂p≠v).

3˛ma-sØXv ≈Hô≤dG iP AÉàjG (IpSpw-_- _-‘-ap-≈-h¿°v sImSp-°¬). CXv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ BZysØ c≠v I¬]-\-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-´-Xm-sW-¶nepw CXns‚ ]m[m\yw\nanØw ]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. kµ¿`hpw, Bh-iy-hp-a-\p-k-cn®v ASpØ _‘p-°ƒ°v [\w-sIm≠pw, hm°v sIm≠pw, ]hr-Øn-sIm≠pwsNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°p∂ F√m \∑-I-fp-amWv hnh£. IpSpw-_-_‘w ]men-°p-hm≥t]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AXv apdn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Bt£-]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ FXtbmIzp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßfpw, \_n-h-N-\-ßfpw \ne-hn-ep-≈Xv ]kvXm-hy-asX.

aq∂v Imcy-ßƒ I¬]n-®-Xp-t]mse, aq∂p Imcy-ßƒ Cu hN-\-Øn¬ A√mlphntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

1˛ma-sØXv: AÉ°ûëØdG (\oN-hrØn). tkz—-Iƒ°pw, hnIm-c-ßƒ°pw hg-ßn-s°m-≠p-≠m-Ip∂ hy`n-Nmcw, tamjWw, aZy-]m\w t]mse-bp≈ Zp¿hr-Øn-I-sf√mwCXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p.

2622





2˛masØXv: ôµæŸG (Zpcm-Nmcw˛AYhm shdp-°-s∏´ Imcyw). aX-ZrjvSym \njn-≤-am-bXpw, P\-as≤y Bt£-]-I-c-am-bXpw, \njv]-£-_p-≤nbpw Xt‚-S-hp-ap≈ Bfp-Iƒ shdp-°p-∂-Xp-amb F√m Imcy-ßfpw CXn¬s]-Sp∂p.

3˛ma-sØXv ≈¨ÑdG (AXn-Iaw). AI-a-amtbm, Alw- m-hw-sImt≠m, Akqb \nan-Øtam, kzm¿Y Xm¬]-cy-ßsf ap≥\n-dp-Øntbm D≠m-Ip∂ Itø‰w, hmt°‰wapX-emb F√m AXn-cp-I-hn-®-ep-Ifpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p.

Cßns\ Nne Imcy-ßƒ \nß-tfmSv A√mlp I¬]n-°p-Ibpw, Nne Imcy-ßsf\nß-tfmSv hntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv \nß-fpsS sFln-Ihpw, ]mc-Xn-I-hp-ambKpW-Øn-\v -th-≠n-bmWv A√m-lp-hn\v AXp-aqew bmsXm∂pw t\Sp-hm-\n√. \nßƒa\- n-cpØn Btem-Nn-®p-t\m-°n-bm¬ \nßƒ°v Xs∂ AXv a\- n-em°mw. AXp-sIm≠v Cu D]-tZ-i-ßƒ \nßƒ apdpsI ]nSn-°Ww Fs∂ms° kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠vCu hN\w A√mlp Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p∂p: (\nßƒ Hm¿a-sh-°p-hm-\mbn A√mlp \nßƒ°v kZp-]-tZiw \¬Ip-I-bmWv.) Cu hN-\-Øn¬samØ-ambn ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fpsS Nne DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmWv XpS¿∂p≈hN-\-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv.

[91] \nßƒ Icm¿ (AYhm DS-ºSn) sNøp-tºmƒ, A√m-lp-hns‚(hI) Icm-dns\ \nßƒ \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥; kXy (hmNI)ßsf Dd-∏n-®-Xn-\v -tijw, \nßƒAhsb ewLn-°p-Ibpw AcpXv;\nß-fpsS ta¬ \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\ Pmay-°m-c-\m°n (AYhmkm£n-bm°n) °gn™ ÿnXn°v.\n›-b-ambpw A√mlp, \nßƒsNøp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Adn-bp-∂-XmWv.

[91] \nßƒ \nd-th-‰pI (]q¿W-am-°pI)bpw sNøp-hn≥ Icm-

dns\, DS-º-Snsb, ]Xn-⁄sb A√m-lp-hns‚ \nßƒ Icm¿ (DS-

ºSn) sNbvXm¬ \nßƒ DS-°pI (ewLn-°pI) bpw sNø-cpXv

kXy (i]Y)ßsf tijw, ]n∂oSv Ahsb _e-s∏SpØnb (Dd-

∏n®) Xns‚ \nßƒ B°n-bn-cns° A√m-lp-hns\ \nß-

fpsS ta¬ Pmay-°m-c≥, Gs‰-Sp-Ø-h≥, DØ-c-hmZn \n›-b-ambpw

A√mlp Ah≥ Adnbpw, Adn-bp∂p \nßƒ sNøp-∂-Xns\

¬∏dG ~¡Y (A√m-lp-hns‚ hI Icm¿) sIm≠v ChnsS Dt±-in-°-s∏- -sX¥msW∂p-

≈-Xn¬ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°n-S-bn¬ H∂n-e-[nIw A`n-]m-b-ßƒ ImWmw.

2623





IqSp-X¬ tbmPn-∏p-≈-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂Xpw Camw C_v\p Pco¿, Camw dmko(d) apX-em-b-h¿ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb A`n-]m-b-a-\p-k-cn®v H∂m-asØ hmIy-Øn¬ a\p-jy¿ kzbw Gs‰-Sp-°p∂ F√m-Xcw Icmdv _m[y-X-Ifpw \nd-th-t‰-≠-XmWv F∂p≈ Hcp s]mXp-I¬]-\bpw, c≠m-asØ hmIy-Øn¬, A√m-lp-hns\ap≥\n¿Øn sNøp∂ i]-Y-ß-sfm∂pw ewLn-®p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-sW-∂p≈ Hcp ]tXyII¬]-\bpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. F√m i]-Y-ßfpw \nd-th-‰p-hm≥ IS-s∏- -h-bm-sW-¶nepw A√m-lp-hns\ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v AXns\ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ B

ISa IqSp-X¬ i‡n-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂pw, AXmWv (Ahsb Dd-∏n-®-tijw)

F∂ hm°v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂sX∂pw Cu A`n-]m-b-°m¿ Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p.

a\x-]q¿h-a-√msX h∂p-s]-Sp∂ kXy-ßƒ ]men-°¬ \n¿_-‘-an-s√∂v 2:225epw, 5:92 epw A√mlp hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. Hcp Imcy-Øn¬ kXyw sNbvX-tijw,AXn-s\-°mƒ DØ-a-am-bXv as‰m-∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v t_m[y-s∏-´m¬, BZysØ

kXyw ewLn-°p-Ibpw, AXn\v ]mb-›nØw (IQÉØc) sNbvXp-sIm≠v IqSp-X¬

DØ-a-am-bXv kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂v \_n˜bpw (*) Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p∂p.(_p.ap.) At∏mƒ, Cu c≠vcq-]hpw Hgn-®p≈ kXy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®m-bn-cn°pw ChnsS

(Ahsb Dd-∏n-®-tijw) F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v a\- n-em-t°-≠n-

bn-cn-°p∂p. º∏YG ¬q∏dGh \nßƒ kXy-ßfpw Icm-dp-Ifpw sNøp-∂Xpw, Ah ewLn-

°p-∂-Xp-sams° A√mlp Adn-bp-∂-XmWv; AXp-sIm≠v \nßƒ AsXms° hfsckq£va-ambn sNtø-≠-XmWv; C√m-Ø-]£w, \nß-ƒ Ahs‚ apºmsI DØcw]d-tb-≠n-hcpw Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Ah-km-\sØ hmIyw aptJ\ A√mlp Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂Xv. A√mlp XpS¿∂p ]d-bp∂p:˛

(*) lZo-Yns‚ ]q¿W-cq]w A¬_Iz-dxbnse Bb-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Øn¬D≤-cn-®n-´p≠v.

[92] (]ncn-ap-dp°n) Dd-∏p-≠m-b-tijw Xs‚ \q¬ (]ncn) DS™Xp≠-ß-fmbn DS-®p-I-f-bp∂ Hcp-h-sf-t∏mse \nßƒ Bbn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNø-cpXv; \nß-fpsS (Icm-dp-I-fnse) kXy-ßsf \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬ (IS-∂p-Iq-Sp∂) Hcp NXnam¿K-am-°n-s°m≠v; Hcp kaqlwHcp kaq-l-sØ-°mƒ hf¿∂Xv[s]cp-∏-ap-≈Xv] Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬.

AXv aptJ\ A√mlp \nßsf]co-£n-°pI amX-amWv sNøp-

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∂Xv. bmsXmcp Imcy-Øn¬\nßƒ `n∂m-`n-]m-b-Øn-em-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂pthm AXv Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fn¬ Ah≥ \nßƒ°vhy‡-am-°n-Ø-cpI Xs∂ sNøp-∂-XmWv.

[92] \nß-fm-bn-cn-°bpw sNø-cpXv bmsXm-cp-h-sf-t∏mse

Ahƒ DS®p Ah-fpsS \q¬ tijw i‡n-bpsS, Dd-∏ns‚

DS-™-h-bmbn (DS™ Xp≠-ß-fmbn, Cg-I-fmbn) \nßƒ B°n-s°m≠v

\nß-fpsS kXy-ßsf IS-∂p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv (NXn-am¿Kw)

\nßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Hcp kaqlw AXv

A[nIw hf¿∂Xv, s]m¥n-\n¬°p-∂Xv (s]cp-∏-ap-≈Xv) Hcp kaq-lsØ-°mƒ

\nßsf ]co-£n-°pI amXw sNøp∂p A√mlp AXp-sIm≠v

(aqew) Ah≥ hy‡-am°n (hnh-cn®p) XcpI Xs∂ sNøpw

\nßƒ°v Iznbm-a-Øv -\m-fn¬ \nß-fm-bn-cp-∂-Xns\ AXn¬

\nßƒ `n∂n°pw, (`n∂m-`n-]m-b-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw.)

Hcp-Iq- ¿ at‰ Iq -sc-°mƒ Db¿®bpw hf¿®bpw D≈-h-cm-sW∂ Imc-W-Øm¬,\nßƒ°n-S-bn¬ NXnbpw Ipg-∏hpw IS-∂p-Iq-Sp-hm≥ CS-h-cp-Øp-amdv XΩn¬X-Ωn¬\S-∂n-´p≈ kXy-ßfpw i]-Y-ßfpw \nßƒ ewLn-°-cpXv. \q¬\q¬°m-dp≈ HcpkvXo hfsc ]Wn-s∏´p \√-t]mse ]ncn-ap-dp°n \qep-≠m-°n-b-tijw, ho≠pw B\q¬ DS®p ]g-b-]Sn DS™ [qf-ß-fm-°n-am-‰p-∂-Xv t]mse _p≤n-lo-\-amb HcpG¿∏m-SmWv Hcn-°¬ Dd-∏n® kXyw ]n∂oSv ewLn-°p-∂Xv. Hcp-Iq- ¿ FÆ-Ønepw,hÆ-Ønepw IqSp-Xepw as‰-h¿ Ipd-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂p≈Hcp ]co-£-W-am-Ip∂p. BI-bm¬ i‡-amb hn`mKw Ai-‡-amb hn`m-K-tØm-Sv-Iq-Sp-X¬ kXyhpw acym-Zbpw ]men-°p-I-bmWv th-≠Xv. ]ns∂, A`n-]m-bm-Z¿i-ß-fn¬ hn`m-K-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ `n∂n-∏ns‚ Imcy-am-Wp-≈Xv. AXn-s\-∏‰n Iznbm-a-Øv -\m-fn¬ A√mlp th≠-]-Imcw sNbvXp-sIm≈pw. Hcp Iq´-cp-ambn kJy DS-ºSn \S-∂-tijw, IqSp-X¬ i‡-cmb as‰mcp Iq´-cp-ambn kJy-Øn\v Ah-kcwImWp-tºmƒ, BZysØ kJyw ewLn-°pI Ad-_n-I-fn¬ ]Xn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xns\ \ntcm-[n-°p-I-bmWv Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]-cy-sa∂pw, AX√, apkv-enw-I-fp-ambn DS-ºSn \S-∂-tijw Izpssd-in-I-fpsS i‡n-]-Xm]w I≠p B DS-ºSnewLn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ Bt£-]-amWv CXn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. GXm-bmepw, Bb-Ønse Bibw hy‡hpw F√m Icmdv ewL-\-ß-sfbpw s]mXpsh _m[n-°p-∂Xpw Xs∂.

apB-hnbx (d) bpsS Jnem-^Øv ImeØv \S∂ Hcp kw`hw Cßns\ D≤-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p: At±-lhpw, tdmam-bnse cmPm-hp-ambn Hcp kam-[m-\-k‘n \S∂p.Imem-h[n Ah-km-\n-°m-dm-b-t∏mƒ, At±lw ssk\y-hp-ambn ]pd-s∏´p tdmam-

2625





bpsS AXn¿Øn-°-SpØ Hcp ÿeØv sN∂n-dßn. Ah[n Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-tXmsSHm¿°m-∏p-dØv BI-aWw \S-Øp-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p At±lw Dt±-in-®n-cp-∂Xv. CuAh-k-c-Øn¬ Awdp_v\p A_kx (d) C]-Imcw ]d™p: "A√mlp AIv_¿!apB-hnbm, Icm¿ \nd-th-‰pI! h©n-°p-I-b√ sNtø-≠Xv. dkq¬˜ Cßns\ ]d-bp-∂Xv Rm≥ tI´n-cn-°p∂p: "B¿s°-¶nepw Ah-s‚bpw, Hcp P\-X-bp-sSbpw CS°vh√ Ah[n \n›-bhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂m¬, B Ah[n Xocp-∂-Xv hsc AXnse HcpsI´pw Ah≥ Agn-°-cpXv. (Hcp \n›-bhpw ewLn-°-cpXv)' Aßs\ apB-hnbx(d)ssk\y-hp-ambn aS-ßn-t∏m∂p. (C_v\p IYo¿)

[93] A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \nßsf Ah≥ Htc kap-Zm-b -am -°p -am -bn -cp∂p. F¶nepw,Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥hgn-]n-g-hn-em-°p-Ibpw, Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ t\¿h-gn-bn-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. \nßƒ]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Xo¿®-bmbpw, \nßƒ tNmZn-°-s∏-SpI Xs∂ sNøpw.

[93] Dt±-in-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ A√mlp \nßsf Ah≥ B°p-

am-bn-cp∂p, B°p-I-Xs∂ sNbvXn-cp∂p Htc kap-Zmbw, kaqlw

F¶nepw Ah≥ hgn-]n-g-hn-em-°p∂p Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc

Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc

Xo¿®-bmbpw \nßƒ tNmZn-°-s∏-SpI Xs∂ sNøpw \nß-fm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-s\-

∏‰n \nßƒ ]h¿Øn°pw.

Hcp-Iq-´¿ as‰mcp Iq´sc-°mƒ A[n-I-ap-≈-hcpw i‡-cp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ Hcp ]co-£-W-am-sW∂pw, F√m-hcpw Htc Bi-bm-Z¿i-°m-cm-bn-cn-°-bn-s√∂pw Ign™ hN-\-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°-s∏´p. AXns‚ XpS¿®-bm-bn-´mWv CuhN\w \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv. a\p-jy-k-ap-Zmbw k∑m¿Kn-Iƒ amXtam, Zp¿am¿Kn-IƒamXtam Bb Htc-X-c-°m-cm-bn-cn-°p-hm-\√ A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. k∑m¿Kn-Ifpw Zp¿am¿Kn-Ifpw ani-amb Hcp kap-Zm-b-am-bn-cn-°p-hm-\mWv Ah≥ Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. ]n∂oSv Hmtcm Iq´-sc-∏‰n Ah≥ tNmZyw sNbvXp th≠ \S-]Sn FSp-Øp-sIm≈pw F∂v kmcw.

Htc kap-Zm-b-am-°n-Øo¿°pI F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyhpw, A√mlp Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥ hgn-]n-g-hn-em-°p-Ibpw, Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc Ah≥t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v ]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]-cyhpw apºv ]e kµ¿ -ß-fnepw \mw hnh-cn-®p-I-gn-™n- p-≈-XmWv. ASpØ hN\w apX¬ kXy-ßsf kw_-‘n® kwkmcw XpS-cp∂p:˛

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[94] \nß-fpsS kXy-ßsf\nßƒ, \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬ (IS-∂p-Iq -Sp∂) Hcp NXn -am¿Kam°n-Øo¿°-cpXv; At∏mƒ, (AXv-\n-anØw) h√ ]mZhpw˛ AXv Dd-®-Xns‚ tijw˛CS-dn-t∏m-tb°pw,A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v\nßƒ Xń-Øn-cn™(AYhm Xń-Øn-cn®)Xv aqew \nßƒ Xn∑ A\p-` -hn -°p -Ibpw sNbvtX°pw;\nßƒ°v hºn® in£-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cn°pw.

[95] A√m-lp-hns‚ (hI) Icm-dn\v \nßƒ A¬]-amb hnehmßp-Ibpw sNø-cpXv. \n›-b-ambpw, A√m-lp-hn-¶-ep-≈Xv Xs∂-bmWv; \nßƒ°v DØaw˛\nßƒ°-dn-bm-hp-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬.

[96] \nß-fpsS ASp-°-ep-≈XvXo¿∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-XmWv; A√m-lp-hn-¶-ep-≈-Xm-Is´, tijn-°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip∂p. £an -® -h¿°v Ah¿]h¿Øn-®p -sIm -≠n -cp -∂-Xn¬(sh®v) \√-X-\p-k-cn®v Ah-cpsS]Xn -êw Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw\¬Ip-Ibpw Xs∂ sNøpw.

[94] \nßƒ B°-cpXv \nß-fpsS kXy-ßsf IS-

∂p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv (NXn, h©\) \nßƒ°n-S-bn¬ F∂m¬ CSdn (hgpXn)

t∏mIpw h√ ]mZhpw (Imepw) AXv Dd® (ÿnc-s∏´) tijw

\nßƒ Bkz-Zn-°pI (A\p-`-hn-°pI)bpw sNøpw Xn∑sb, tami-am-bXv

(IjvSX) \nßƒ Xń-Øn-cn-™-Xv -sIm≠v, Xncn-®p-hn- Xv \nanØw

am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v, am¿Kw hn v A√m-lp-hns‚ \nßƒ°p-≠vXm\pw

in£ hºn-®-Xmb [95] \nßƒ hmßp-Ibpw sNø-cpXv

A√mlphns‚ (hI) Icm-dn\v, DS-º-Sn°v (]Icw) hne, Ibw Ipd™,

2627





A¬]-amb \n›-b-ambpw bmsXm∂v A√m-lp-hn-¶-ep≈ AXv

Xs∂ DØaw \nßƒ°v \nß-fm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ°-dn-bm-

hp∂ (XmsW-¶n¬), \nßƒ Adn-bp∂p(sh¶n¬) [96] \nß-fpsS ]°¬

(ASp-°¬)D≈Xv Xo¿∂p (Ign™p) t]mIpw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ D≈-

Xm-Is´ tijn-°p-∂-XmWv Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw ]Xn-êw \¬Ip-I-

Xs∂ sNøpw £an-®-h¿°v Ah-cpsS Iqen, ]Xn-êw

\√Xv (A[nIw \√Xv) A\p-k-cn®v Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿

]h¿Øn°pw.

kXy-]-Xn-⁄-Ifpw Icm-dp-Ifpw ewLn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n apºpw ]eXpw ]kvXm-hn®p. AXn-s\-∏‰n i‡n-bmb `mj-bn¬ ho≠pw Nne Imcy-ßƒ A√mlp Hm¿an-∏n-°p-I-bmWv. hnj-b-Øns‚ Kuc-h-am-WnXv Ipdn-°p-∂Xv. apºv ]d-™-Xv -t]mse,\ntcm-[-Ønepw Bt£-]-Ønepw F√m-Xcw i]-Y-ßfpw ewL-\hpw Dƒs∏-Sp-sa-¶nepw, \_n˜bpambn \S-Ø-s∏´ ]Xn-⁄-Isf ewLn-°p-∂Xv kw_-‘n-®mWvCu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ][m-\-ambpw ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂sX ]e Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°-fp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw. Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ Nne Xm°o-Xp-I-fpsS kzcw t\m°p-tºmgpw AXmWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv. i]-Y-ßfpw Icm-dp-Ifpw ewLn-°p-∂Xv NXnbpw Ipg∏hpw krjvSn-°-ep-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xn\v ]pdsa, (1)AXv Ckv-em-ans‚ t\cmb am¿K-Øn¬ Imep-d-®p-\n-∂-tijw AXn¬\n-∂p≈ hyXn-bm-\-am-sW∂pw, (2) A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v sX‰n-Øn-cn™p t]mIp-hm\pwa‰p-≈-hsc sX‰n-Øn-cn-°p-hm\pw AXv Imc-W-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬ AXns‚ ISp-Ø-êw \nßƒ A\p- -hn-t°-≠n-h-cp-sa∂pw IqSn Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ Xm°oXv sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p.

A√m-lp-hns\ ap≥\n¿Øn sNøp∂ DS-º-Sn-Isf ewLn-°p-∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw,sFln-I-amb Imcy-em- -ßƒ°v AXn-s\-°mƒ ]m[m\yw I¬]n-°pI F∂m-Wt√m.ewL\w \nanØw Cl-Øn¬ F¥v Xs∂ t\´w e`n-®mepw AXv tIhew Xp—hpw\n m-c-hp-am-bn-cn°pw. t\sc adn®p ]me\w \nanØw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ t\´-ß-fm-Is´, hºn-®Xpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-am-Ip∂p. kXy-]-Xn-⁄-Iƒ icn°v ]men-°p-hm≥ Ipsd-sbms° £abpw, kl-\hpw Bh-iy-ambnht∂°mw. F∂m-e-Xn\v A√mlp G‰w \√ ]Xn-êw \¬Im-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn√.Fs∂m-s°-bmWv ]n∂oSv ]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ kmcw.

[97] BWm-hs´, s]Æm-hs´Bsc-¶nepw Xm≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm -bn -s°m≠v k¬°¿aw]h¿Øn-®m¬, Ahs\, Xo¿®-bmbpw, \mw \√ (hnin-jvS-amb)Hcp PohnXw Pohn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv;Ah¿ ]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-

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Xn¬ (sh®v) \√-X-\p-k-cn®v Ah-cpsS ]Xn-êw Ah¿°v Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw.

[97] B¿ ]h¿Øn-®pthm, Bsc-¶nepw ]h¿Øn-®m¬ \√-

Xns\, k¬°¿aw BWn¬\n∂v, BWm-hs´ As√-¶n¬

s]Æn¬\n∂v, s]Æm-hs´ Ah≥ (Xm≥, Abmƒ) BIs´ kXy-hn-izm-

kn-bmWv F∂m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw \ma-hs\ Pohn-∏n°pw (Hcp) PohnXw

\√-Xmb, hnin-jvS-amb, ]cn-ip-≤-amb Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿°v \mw

]Xn-êw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw Ah-cpsS ]Xn-êw bmsXm-∂n¬

sh®v \√-X-\p-k-cn®v Ah¿ ]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂

k¬°¿a-ßƒ°v ]Xn-êw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬ ]pcp-j\pw kvXobp-sa∂hyXym-k-an√. ]t£, kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v sNøp∂ k¬°¿a-ßtfA√m-lp-hn-¶¬ kzoIm-cy-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bp≈q. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-f-√m-Ø-h-cpsSk¬I¿a-ßƒ°p≈ ]Xn-êw Cl-Øn¬ sh®v Xs∂ A√mlp sImSp-Øp-Xo¿°p∂p. Cu bmYm¿Yyw Izp¿-B-\n¬ thsd ÿeØpw hy‡-am-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xm-Ip∂p. kXy-hn-izm-k-tØm-Sp-IqSn sNbvXn-cp∂ G‰hpw \√ I¿a-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®p≈ ]Xn-êw IqSn \¬I-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw A√mlp hmKvZm\w sNøp∂p. A\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw DØ-a-hp-amb D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kw e`n-°pI, D≈-Xn¬ kwXr-]vXn-bp-≠m-IpI, A\ysc Bi-bn-t°-≠n-h-cm-Xn-cn-°pI, A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°pI, tam£w kn≤n-°pI, k¬°m-cy-ßƒ sNøp-

∂-Xn¬ Xm¬]-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pI F∂n-ßns\ (\√ PohnXw) F∂

hm°n\v ]ecpw ]e ]Im-c-Øn¬ hnh£ \¬In-°mWmw. Cßn-s\-bp≈ Nnecnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ D≤-cn-®-tijw C_v\p IYo¿ (d) ]d-bp-I-bmWv: "CsX√mw Xs∂

Dƒs∏-Sp∂ hm°mb F∂p-≈-XmWv icn-bm-bn-´p-≈Xv.' A\-¥cw CXn\v

sXfn-hmbn Xmsg ImWp∂ lZo-Yp-Ifpw At±lw D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p.

Alv-aZv, apkvenw, Xn¿aZn, \kmCu (d) F∂n-h¿ ]e am¿K-ß-fn¬IqSn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n˜ C]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: "apkv-en-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw, AXym-h-iy-Øn-\p≈ D]-Po-h\ am¿Kw \¬I-s∏-Sp-Ibpw A√mlpAhs\ Xm≥ \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xn¬ kwXr-]vX-\m-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h≥ Xo¿®-bmbpwhnPbw ]m]n-®n-cn-°p∂p.' Alv-aZpw, apkv-enapw (d) D≤-cn® thsdmcp \_n hN-\-Øns‚ kmcw C]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p: "Hcp \∑-bnepw kXy-hn-izm-kn-tbmSv A√mlpA\oXn sNbvI-bn√ (Ah\v Ipdhv hcp-Øp-I-bn√). Cl-Øn¬ AXn\v ]IcwAh\v sImSp-°-s∏Spw. AXns‚ t]cn¬ Ah\v ]c-tem-IØv sh®pw ]Xn-êw\¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv. F∂m¬ Ahn-izm-kn-bm-Is´, Ahs‚ \∑-Iƒ°v (]Xn-^-e-ambn) Ah\v Cl-Øn¬sh®v Blmcw \¬I-s∏Spw. Aßs\, Ah≥ ]c-tem-IØv FØn-t®¿∂m¬ Ah\v ]Xn-êw e`n-°p∂ Hcp \∑bpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-bn√.'

2629





]ecpw [cn-°m-dp-≈-Xp-t]mse, Iptd kºØpw `uXn-I-t\-´-ßfpw ssIh-cp-I-sb-∂√ "\√ PohnXw' sIm≠p-t±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. kºØpw kpJm-Uw-_c am¿K-ßfpw FX-Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, a\- -am-[m-\hpw, kwXr-]vXnbpw C√m-Ø-]£w B PohnXw ZpjvI-chpw IpSp- m-bXpw Xs∂. Hcp lZo-Yn¬ CubmYm¿Yy-amWv \_n˜ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv. "[\w F∂Xv hn`-h-ß-fpsS B[nIywsIm≠√ D≠m-Ip-∂Xv. a\- ns‚ [\y-X-bmWv [\w.' (_p.ap) "]cn-jvIrX'ßsf∂pw"kº∂' ßsf∂pw tLmjn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Nne cmPy-ß-fnse "e£-]`p'°fpw "tImSo-izc'≥amcpw, Ah-cpsS a°fpw Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ kam-[m-\-an-√msX, Bfl-l-Xy-t]m-ep≈ ISpw-ssI-Iƒ°v apXn-cp-∂Xv C°m-eØv Hcp \nXy-kw-`-h-am-bn-cn-°-bm-Wt√m. Hcp bYm¿Y kXy-hn-izm-knsb kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw˛Ahs‚ PohnX\ne-hmcw Db¿∂-Xm-hs´, XmW-Xm-hs´˛ Ah≥ k¥p-jvS\pw A√mlp X\n°v\¬In-b-Xn¬ kwXr-]vX-\p-am-bn-cn°pw. Al-¶m-ctam, AXn-tam-ltam, Ak-am-[m-\tam, ss\cm-iytam Ahs\ Xo≠p-I-bn√. A[n-I-ap-≈-Xn¬ Ah≥ \µn-bp-≈-h\pw, Ipd-hp-≈-Xn¬ Ah≥ £am-ep-hp-am-bn-cn°pw. k¬°¿a-ßƒ sNbvXp kºm-Zn-®p-sh°-W-sa-¶n¬ ]nim-Nns‚ Zp¿t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a\p-jy≥ c£-s∏-´n-cn-°-W-at√m. AXn-\p≈ am¿Kw A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛

[98] F∂m¬, (\_ntb) \oIzp¿-B≥ HmXp-∂-Xm-bm¬, B´-s∏´ [i]n-°-s∏´] ]nim-Nn¬\n∂vA√m-lp -hn -t\mS v \o icWwtXSns°m≈pI.

[ 99] \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥[]nimNv] - hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw, Xß-fpsS d∫ns‚ ta¬ (Xs∂ Imcy-ßƒ) `c-ta¬]n®p hcp -IbpwsNøp-∂-h-cp-sS-ta¬ Ah\v Hc-[n-Im-chpw C√.

[ 100] Ahs‚ A[n-Imcw,Ahs\ _‘p-hm-°p∂ (AYhmImcy-I¿Øm-hm-°p∂)hcp-sSbpw,Ah-t\mSv [A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv] ]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-h-cm-bp-≈-h-cp -sSbpwta¬ amX-am-Ip∂p (D≈Xv).

[98] F∂m¬ \o hmbn-®m¬, HmXp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Izp¿-Bs\

\o icWw (Imh¬˛c£) tXSpI A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv, A√m-lp-hn-s\-

s°m≠v ]nim-Nn¬ \n∂v, sNIp-Øm-s\-∏‰n B´-s∏´ (i]n-°-

2630





s∏´) [99] \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ Ah∂v C√ Hc-[n-Im-chpw

(i‡nbpw) hniz-kn-®-h-cp-sS-ta¬ Xß-fpsS d∫n-s‚-ta¬

Ah¿ `c-ta¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p, `c-ta¬]n®pw hcp∂p [100]

\n›-b-ambpw (amXw˛Xs∂) Ahs‚ A[n-Imcw, i‡n bmsXm-

cp-h-cpsS ta¬ (amXw) BIp∂p Ahs\ _‘p-hm-°p∂, Imcy-I¿ØrXzw

G¬]n-°p∂, A[n-Im-cn-bm-°p∂ bmsXm-cp-h-cp-sSbpw Ah¿ Ah-

t\mSv (A√m-lp-thmSv) in¿°v sNøp∂ (]¶p tN¿°p∂) hcmWv.

Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-tºmƒ ]nim-Nn-s\-°p-dn®v c£ tXSn-s°m-≈-W-

sa∂v \_n˜sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv ]d-™n-´p-≈-sX-¶nepw kXy-hn-izm-

kn-I-tfmSv s]mXp-sh-bp≈ I¬]-\-bm-WXv. \_n˜ t]mepw ]nim-Nn¬\n∂v c£

tXSp-hm≥ I¬]n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ, a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ AXns‚ Bhiyw IqSp-X¬ i‡-am-bn-cn-°p-at√m. Cu I¬]\ Hcp \n¿_‘ I¬]-\-b-s√∂pw, ][m-\-amb Hcp

D]-tZiw F∂ \ne-°p≈ I¬]-\-bm-sW-∂p-amWv an°-hmdpw F√m ]WvUn-X-∑m-

cp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw. Izp¿-B≥ HmXp-tºmƒ, AXns‚ ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn-te°v i≤

]Xn-bm-Xn-cn-°pI, Bi-b-ßƒ sX‰n a\- n-em-°pI, hI-amb hymJym-\-ßƒ a\-

n¬ ÿm\w ]nSn-°pI apX-emb ]e-Xn\pw ]nimNv Zpjvt]-c-W-Iƒ \¬In-s°m-

≠n-cn°pw.

]nim-Nns‚ D]-Z-h-Øn¬ \n∂v c£ In´p-hm≥ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv tXSp-I-b-√msX

\nhr-Øn-bn-√-Xm\pw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Izp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-tºmƒ ]nim-

Nn¬\n∂v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv c£-tX-Sp-hm≥ I¬]n-°p-∂Xv.

]mcm-bWw XpS-ßp-tºm-gmWv kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Cu c£-tX-S-ens‚ Bh-iy-

sa∂v hy‡-amWv. lZo-Yp-I-fn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xpw, qcn- mKw ]WvUn-X≥am¿

A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw AXvXs∂. c£-tX-S¬ C∂n-∂-hm-°p-I-fn¬ Xs∂ Bbn-cn-

°-W-sa-∂n-s√-¶nepw, \_n˜bpsS kp∂-Øn¬\n∂v IqSp-X¬ kpN-cn-Nn-X-ambnAdn-b-s∏-Sp∂ hmNIw º«LôdG ¿É£«°ûdG øe ¬∏dÉH PƒYCG (B´-s∏´ ]nim-Nn¬ \n∂v Rm≥

A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv icWw tXSp∂p) F∂m-Ip∂p. Cu I¬]-\-bn¬ A√mlp D]-

tbm-Kn® hmN-I-tØmSv G‰hpw tbmPn-°p-∂Xpw AXm-Wt√m. Cu icWw tXSp-

∂-Xn-\mWv km[m-cW "ADu-Zp-Hm-X¬' (IPÉ©à°S’G hG Pƒ©àdG) F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.

CXns\ kw_-‘n®v hni-Z-amb Hcp hnh-cWw kqd-Øp¬ ^mXn-lx-bpsS Bcw-`-

Øn¬ apºv Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p≠v.

"Cuam\pw Xh-°pepw' (kXy-hn-izm-khpw, A√m-lp-hn¬ c-ta¬]n-°epw) D≈-

hsc ]nim-Nn\v hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂pw, Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Ahs\

_‘phpw anXhpw ssIIm-cy-I¿Øm-hp-ambn kzoI-cn-°p∂ Bfp-Ifpw amX-am-bn-

cn°pw Ahs‚ CwKn-X-ßƒ°v hiw-h-Z-cm-Ip-∂-sX∂pw A√mlp hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-

°p∂p. Cu kwKXn H∂n-e-[nIw ÿe-ß-fn¬ thsdbpw A√mlp hy‡-ambn

]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-XmWv.

2631





hn`mKw ˛ 14[101] Hcp "BbØn's‚ [kq‡-

Øns‚] ÿm\Øv thsd Hcp"BbØv' [kq‡w] \mw ]I-c-am-°n-bm¬ - A√m-lp-hm-Is´, Ah≥Cd-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n \√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-amWv ˛ Ah¿ ]dbpw;"\n›-b-ambpw' \o Hcp sIń-®-a-°p-∂-h≥ Xs∂-bmWv' F∂v. ]t£,(AX√) Ah-cn¬ A[n-I-am-fp-Iƒ°pw Adn-™p-IqSm.

[102] ]d-bpI: AXv [Izp¿-B≥]

\ns‚ d∫n-¶¬ \n∂v ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv bYm¿Y-]-Imcw Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p -I -bmWv; hniz -kn -® -h¿°v(hnizm-k-Øn¬) AXv ssÿcyw\¬Ip-hm≥ th≠n; am¿K-Z¿i-\hpw, apkvenw-Iƒ°v kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bp-am-bn-s°m≠pw.'

[101] \mw ]I-c-am-°n-bm¬, am‰w sNbvXm¬ Hcp Bb-Øns\,

kq‡w ÿm\Øv Hcp Bb-Øns‚ A√m-lp-hm-Is´ G‰w

(\√-hÆw) Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv Ah≥ Cd-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Ah¿ ]dbpw,

]d-bp-I-bmbn \n›-b-ambpw Xs∂ (amXw) \o Hcp sIń-®-a-°p-∂-

h≥ (Xs∂ ˛amXw) ]t£, F∂m¬ Ah-cn-e-[n-Ihpw Adn-bp-

∂n√ [102] \o ]d-bpI AXns\ Cd-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p ]cn-ip-

≤m-flmhv \ns‚ d∫n-¶¬ \n∂v bYm¿Y-]-Imcw, apd-]-Imcw

AXv Dd-∏n®p \ndp-Øp-hm≥ th≠n hniz-kn-®-hsc am¿K-Z¿i-\-

ambpw kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bmbpw apkvenw-Iƒ°v.

Hcp Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-Øn-e-S-ßnb hn[n as‰mcp hN\w aptJ\ \o°w sNøpI("\kvJv' sNøpI)˛ AYhm Hcp hN-\-a-\p-k-cn®v \ne-hn-ep≈ Xm¬°m-enIambHcp aX-hn-[nsb am‰n AXns‚ ÿm\Øv IqSp-X¬ ÿnchpw ]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-ambthsdmcp hn[n \n¿tZ-in-®p-sIm-≠p≈ hN\w Ah-X-cn-°pI˛ F∂v ]d-™-Xns‚Dt±iyw Cßns\ ]pXnb h√ Bb-Øp-Ifpw Ah-X-cn-°p-tºmƒ, Izp¿-Bs‚ sshcn-Iƒ Btcm-]n-°m-dp≈ Hcm-tcm-]Ww FSp-Øp-Im-ń-s°m≠v AXn\v adp-]Sn \¬Ip-I-bmWv Cu hN-\-ßƒ sNøp-∂Xv. "Hcn-°¬ H∂v I¬]n-°p-Ibpw, ]n∂o-SXv am‰n

2632





thsdm∂v I¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ G¿∏mSv A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p-≠m-Ip-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn√. AXvsIm≠v Cu Izp¿-B≥ apl-ΩZv sIń-bp-≠m°n A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂p-≈-Xm-sW∂v hmZn-°pI amX-amWv. A√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Hcn-°¬ ]d-™Xv ]ns∂am‰n-∏-d-tb≠n hcp-am-bn-cp-∂n√.' F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv Ah-cpsS Btcm-]Ww. Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Fs¥m-s°-bmWv, Ah-X-cn-∏n-t°-≠Xv Fs¥m-s°-bmWv, kµ¿`-Øn\pw ]cn-ÿn-Xn-Iƒ°pw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bXv Fs¥m-s°-bmWv F∂n-XymZn Imcy-ßƒ A√m-lp-hn-\mWv IqSp-X¬ Adn-bpI. AX-\p-k-cn-®mWv F√mw Ah≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw. ]t£, an° Bfp-Ifpw Cu hI bmYm¿Yy-ß-sfm∂pw Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-h-cmWv. F∂n-ßs\ AXnse Nne bp‡n-h-i-ßsf BZyw Nq≠n-°m-ń-s°m≠v A√mlp Ah¿°v adp-]Sn \¬Ip∂p. AXm-bXv:˛

Cu Izp¿-B≥ Bcpw sIń-bp-≠m-°n-b-X√. A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v Ahs‚ hniz-kvX-Zq-X-\mb ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv˛ Pn_vco¬ (A) Cd-°n-b-Xm-WXv. \ymb-bp-‡hpwImcy-k-ºq¿Whpw amX-am-WXv. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-Øn\vAXp-aqew ssÿcyhpw ZrV-Xbpw e`n-°p∂p. k≥am¿Khpw Zp¿am¿Khpw th¿Xn-cn-®p-Im-´p∂ am¿K-Z¿i-\hpw, AX-\p-k-cn®p Pohn-°p∂ apkvenw-Iƒ°v kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-bp-am-WXv F∂sX adp-]-Sn-bpsS Npcp°w. kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ Izp¿-Bs\IÆ-S®p \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-I-sIm≠v CsXm∂pw Ah¿ a\- n-em-°p-Itbm AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm sNøp-I-bn-s√∂pw, kXy-hn-izm-khpw k≥am¿Khpw kzoI-cn-®-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Hmtcm BbØpw Hmtcm kqdØpw Ah¿°v am¿K-Z¿i-\hpw hnizmkZm¿Vyhpw h¿[n-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-sa∂pw hy‡-am-Wt√m. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: "h√kqdØpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- m¬ Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ ]dbpw: \nß-fn¬ B¿°mWv CXvhnizmkw h¿[n-∏n-®Xv F∂v. F∂m¬, hniz-kn-®-h¿°v AXv hnizmkw h¿[n-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv. Ah¿ kt¥mjw sIm≈p-Ibpw sNøpw. F∂m¬, lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ tcmK-ap-≈-h-cm-Is´, Ah¿°Xv tæO-X-bn-eqsS tæOX h¿[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw, Ah¿ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmbpw sIm≠v ac-W-a-S-bp-Ibpw sNøpw.' (Xu_x : 124, 125)

"\kvJv' (ï°ùf)s‚ \n¿h-N\w, Izp¿-B-\n¬ AXp-≠m-Ip-hm-\p≈ km[yX, ImcWw,

AXns‚ bp‡n-hiw, \kvJns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cpsS \ymbw, AXn-\p≈ adp-]SnBZn-bm-b-h-sb-°p-dn®v kqd: A¬_-Izdx 106˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hymJym-\-Ønepw apJ-hp-c-bnepw Bh-iy-amb hnh-cWw Ign-™p-t]m-bn- p-≈-Xv sIm≠v ChnsS IqSp-X¬hnh-cn-°p-∂n√. Izp¿-B≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-am-bn-cns° AXn¬ "\kvJv' D≠m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-Xtb Cs√∂v Icp-Xp-∂-h¿ Cu c≠v hN-\-ßƒ icn-s°m∂v a\- n-cp-Øp-Ibpw Xpd∂ a\-t msS A¬]-sam∂v Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-]£w, BhnNmcw Xosc Ig-ºn-√m-Ø-Xm-sW∂pw, Cu \ymb-hm-Z-Øns‚ XpS°w D≠m-bn- p-

≈Xv apivcn-°p-I-fn¬ \n∂m-sW∂pw Ah¿°v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv ≥aƒŸG ¬∏dGh

[103] Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂p-sh∂vXo¿®-bmbpw \mw Adn-bp-∂p≠v:"Ah∂v [\_n°v]' Hcp a\p-jy≥]Tn-∏n®p sImSp-°pI Xs∂-bmWvsNøp-∂Xv' F∂v. bmsXm-cp-h-\n-

2633





te°v Ah¿ Zp q-N\ \¬Ip-∂pthm Ahs‚ `mj A\-d-_n-bm-Ip∂p; CXm-Is´, [Izp¿-B-\m-Is´]

kv]jvS-amb Ad-_n-`m-j-bp-am-Ip∂p.

[103] Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Adn-bp-∂p≠v Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂p-

sh∂v Ah∂v ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-IXs∂ (amXw) sNøp∂p Hcp

a\p-jy≥ bmsXm-cp-hs‚ `mj Ah¿ sX‰n (adn™p) t]mIp∂

(Zp q-N\ \¬Ip∂) Ah-\n-te°v A\-d_n (Ad-_n-b-√m-ØXv)

BIp∂p CXm-Is´ `mj-bmWv Ad-_n-bmb kv]jvS-amb

(X\n)

apivcn-°p-I-fpsS as‰mcp Btcm-]-Whpw, AXns‚ adp-]-Sn-bpam-WnXv. a°-bnseHcp I®-h-S-°m-ct\m at‰m Bbn-cp∂ Hcp A\-d-_n-bpsS ASp-°¬ \_n˜ NneAh-k-c-ß-fn¬ t]mIm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. h√Xpw tNmZn-®m¬, IjvSn®v DØcw ]d-b-Ø-°-hÆw Nne Ad_n hm°p-Iƒ Abmƒ°v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-hsX. Cu ]gp-Xp-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v Abmƒ ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-XmWv apl-Ω-Zns‚ CuIzp¿-B≥ F∂v apivcn-°p-Iƒ ]d-™p-h-∂n-cp∂p. Cu Btcm-]-W-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn Ah¿ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ B a\p-jy≥ tIhew Hcp Ad-_n-b√. Ad_n `mjAbmƒ°v th≠-Xv-t]mse Adn-bp-I-bp-an√. Izp¿-B-\m-sW-¶n¬, X\n Ad-_n-bn-ep-≈Xpw, Ad_n kmln-Xy-Øns‚ A]m]y \ne-hm-c-Øn-ep-≈Xpw˛F∂n-cns°,Cu Btcm-]Ww \nc¿Y-am-sW∂v amX-a√, _p≤n-iq-\y-Xbpw IqSn-bm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√t√m. ]kvXpX A\-d_n Bcm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v \n¿W-bn-®p-sIm-≠p≈Nne cnhm-b-Øp-Iƒ ImWm-sa-∂-√msX, H∂pw Xo¿Øp ]d-b-Ø° _e-h-Ø√Ah. t]c-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬ ]tXyIw ]tbm-P-\-sam∂pw C√-Xm\pw.

[104] \n›-b-ambpw, A√m-lp-hns‚ "BbØp' [e£yw]Ifn¬hniz -kn -°m -Ø-h¿, AhscA√mlp t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn√; Ah¿°v thZ-\ -tb-dnbin£bpw D≠v.

[105] A√m-lp-hns‚ "BbØp'[e£yw]Ifn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿amXta hymPw sI´n-∏-dbq. Ah¿Xs∂-bmWv hymP-hm-Zn-Ifpw.

2634





[104] \n›-b-ambpw hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ ZrjvSm¥

(e£y)ßfn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Ahsc t\¿h-gn-bn-em-°p-I-bn√

A√mlp Ah¿°p≠v (D≠m-bn-cn°pw) Xm\pw in£ thZ-\-tb-dnb

[105] sI´n-®-a-°p-I-Xs∂ (amXw) sNøp∂p hymPw, Ifhv

hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚

A°q-´¿Xs∂ Ifhv ]d-bp-∂-h¿

ta¬ I≠-Xv-t]m-se-bp≈ I≈-hm-Z-ßƒ apivcn-°p-Iƒ hmZn-°p-hm≥ ImcWwAh¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ e£y-Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h-cm-b-XmWv. apl-ΩZv\_n˜ Ah-bn¬ icn°pw hniz-kn-°p∂ Bfm-bn-cns°, Ah-sc-t∏mse At±lwHcn-°epw I≈hpw hymPhpw sI´n-∏-d-bp-I-bn√ Xs∂ F∂p Xm¬]cyw.

[106] Bsc-¶nepw Xs‚ hnizm-k-Øn\v tijw, A√m-lp-hn¬Ahn-iz-kn-®m¬, kXy-hn-izm-kw-sIm≠v Xs‚ lrZbw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p -∂ -h -\m -bn -s°m -≠n -c ns°\n¿_-‘-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-b-h≥HgnsI˛ [Ah≥ CXn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hmWv.]

]t£, B¿ Ahn -izm -kw -sIm≠v s\©v [lrZbw] hnIm-k-s∏-´pthm, F∂m¬ Ah-cp-sS-ta¬A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂pw tIm]-ap-≠m-bn-cn°pw; Ah¿°v hºn®in£bpw D≠m-bn-cn°pw.

[107] AXv, ]c-tem-I-sØ-°mƒsFln-I-Po -hn -X -tØmSv Ah¿kvt\lw ImWn-®-Xv-sIm-≠m-Ip∂p;Ahn -izm -kn -I -fmb P\-ßsfA√mlp t\¿h-gn-bn-em-°p-I-bn-s√-∂p-≈-Xv -sIm≠pw (BIp∂p).

[108] A°q-´-csX, Xß-fpsSlrZ-b-ßƒ°pw, tIƒhn°pw,ImgvN-Iƒ°pw A√mlp apZ-Ip-Øn-

2635





bn-´p-≈-h¿. A°q-´¿X-s∂-bmWvAi-≤≥amcpw.

[109] \n w-i-b-asX, ]c-tem-I-Øn¬ Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv \jvS-°m¿ F∂p-≈Xv.

[106] B¿ Ahn-iz-kn-®pthm, Bsc-¶nepw Ahn-iz-kn-®m¬ A√m-

lp-hn¬ tij-ambn Ahs‚ hnizm-k-Øns‚ HgnsI \n¿_-

‘n-°-s∏-´-h≥ (\n¿_-‘-Øn-\p-hn-t[-b≥) Ahs‚ lrZ-b-am-Is´

kam-[m-\-a-S-™-XmWv hnizm-kw-sIm≠v F¶nepw hnim-

e-s∏-´-h≥ Ahn-izm-kw-sIm≠v s\©p (lrZbw), lrZ-b-Øm¬

F∂m¬ Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ D≠m-bn-cn°pw tIm]w A√m-lp-hn¬

\n∂v Ah¿°p-≠v-Xm\pw in£ hºn® [107] AXv

Ah¿ F∂p-≈-Xv sIm-≠mWv Ah¿ kvt\lw ImWn®p sFlnI

Pohn-X-tØmSv ]c-tem-I-sØ-°mƒ A√mlp F∂p-f-fXpw

Ah≥ t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn√ (F∂p-f-fXpw) P\-ßsf, P\-Xsb

Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb [108] A°q-´¿ bmsXm-cp-h-cm-Ip∂p

A√mlp apZ-IpØn Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°v, lrZ-b-ß-fn¬

Ah-cpsS tIƒhn°pw, tIƒhn-bnepw Ah-cpsS ImgvN-Iƒ°pw, IÆp-I-

fnepw A°q- ¿Xs∂ Ai-≤¿, kpt_m-[w-sI- -h¿ [109]

\n w-ibw (sX‰√) Ah¿ F∂p-≈Xv ]-c-tem-I-Øn¬ Ah¿

Xs∂ (F∂p-≈Xv) \jvS-°m¿.

kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®-tijw, ]n∂oSv Ahn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ `hn-jy-Øp-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv. a\- n¬ Dd® hnizm-khpw, AXn¬k¥p-jvSnbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-tXm-Sv -IqSn, Hgn-™p-am-dp-hm≥ Ign-bmØ h√ \n¿_-‘-Øn\pw hnt[-b-amb Imc-W-Øm¬ Ahn-izmkw ]I-Sn-∏n-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂-h¿AXn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-sW∂pw a\x-]q¿hw Ahn-izm-k-Øn\v hg-ßp-∂-h-sc-°p-dn-®mWv]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-sX∂pw A√mlp kv]jvS-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p. Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-ap-≠m-bn-cn°pw. Ah¿°v hºn® in£-bp-ap≠v. Ahsc t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-I-bn√; Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°pw tIƒhn°pw ImgvN-°p-sa√mw A√mlpapZ-sh°pw; AYhm kXyhpw \ymbhpw Btem-Nn-®-dn-bp-hmt\m, I≠pw tI´pwa\- n-em-°p-hmt\m Ah¿°v km[y-a-√m-XmIpw; Xt‚-Shpw, kpt_m-[-hp-an-√msXNn¥m-iq\y-cm-bn-cn°pw Ah¿; ]c-tem-I-Øm-Is´, kIe KpW-ßfpw \jvS-s∏-´-h-cp-am-bn-cn°pw Fs∂ms° A√mlp Ah¿°v Xm°oXv \¬Ip∂p. B alm-]m-X-I-Øn\v A√mlp I¬]n-°p∂ Kuchw FX- al-Ø-cam-sW∂v CXn¬ \n∂v hy‡-

2636





amWv. Ahn-izm-kn-bmb Hcmƒ kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ`b-¶-c-amWv, kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn® Hcmƒ ]n∂oSv Ahn-izm-k-Øn-te°v amdp-∂-sX∂v CXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em°mw.

AΩm-dp_v\p bmkn¿ (d)s‚ hnj-b-Øn-emWv (lrZbw hnizm-

kw-sIm≠v AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-\mbn \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-b-h-s\m-gnsI) F∂hmIyw Ah-X-cn-®-sX∂v ImWn-°p∂ ]e cnhm-b-Øp-Ifpw ]e alm≥amcpw D≤-cn-®p-ImWmw. iXp-°-fpsS XpS-sc-Øp-S-sc-bp≈ AI-a-a¿±-\-ßƒ Ak-l-\o-b-am-b-t∏mƒ, Ah-cpsS Bh-iy-]-Imcw At±lw \_n˜ sb°p-dn®v Nne ]gn-hm-°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS, ssZh-ß-sf-°p-dn®v \√ hm°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXpc£-s∏´p. hfsc hyk-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn B hnhcw At±lw \_n˜sb Adn-bn®p.At∏mƒ, Xs‚ a\x-ÿnXn F¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v \_nÃt±-l-tØmSv tNmZn®p.Xs‚ a\ v Cuam≥ (kXy-hn-izmkw) sIm≠v kam-[m-\-a-S-™-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂vAt±lw adp-]Sn ]d™p. At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n At±-l-tØmSv Cßns\ ]d™p:

GhOÉY ¿EG(Ah¿ Bh¿Øn-®m¬ \obpw Bh¿Øn-®p-sIm-≈pI) CXn-s\-∏-‰n-

bmWv Cu hmIyw Ah-X-cn-®Xv F∂sX ]kvXpX cnhm-b-Øp-I-fpsS Npcp°w.Ah-X-cW kµ¿`w GXm-bn-cp-∂mepw Bb-Øns‚ hn[n s]mXp-hm-bn- p-≈-Xp-Xs∂.kwi-b-an√.

kXy-hn-izmkw XyPn-°p-hm≥ th≠n iXp-°-fpsS `mK-Øv \n∂v Ak-ly-amba¿±-\-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcp-tºmƒ, X¬°mew c£-]m-]n-°p-hm-\mbn ]pdsa"Ip^v¿' (Ahn-izmkw) A`n-\-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v hntcm-[-an-s√∂v Cu hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂vhy‡-am-Ip∂p. AΩm¿ (d)s‚ kw`-h-Øn¬ \_n˜ ]d-™Xpw AXmWv ImWn-°p-∂Xv. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ ]WvUn-X≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ s]mXpsh `n∂m-`n-]m-b-an-√-Xm\pw. \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hg-ßn-s°m-Sp-°msX a¿±-\-ßƒ kln-°p-hm≥ Xs∂h√-hcpw Xøm-dm-Ip-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXmWv IqSp-X¬ DØ-a-sa∂pw ]e alm≥amcpwA`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp∂p.

\_n Xncp-ta-\n -bn¬ hniz-kn-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ apivcn-°p-I-fpsS G‰hpw ISpØa¿±-\-ap-d-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-cm-bn-Øo¿∂ _nem¬, J∫m_v, AΩm-dns‚ amXm-]n-Xm-

°ƒ º¡æY ¬∏dG ≈°VQ apX-emb kzlm-_n-I-fpsS NcnXw kp]-kn-≤-am-Wt√m. _nem¬

(d)s‚ Igp-Øn¬ Ib-dn´p At±-lsØ Ipń-Iƒ°v Ifn-°p-hm≥ hn´p-sIm-Sp-°pI,]X-®-a-W-en¬In-SØn henb ]md-°-√p-Iƒ s\©n¬ Ib-‰n-sh-°pI apX-emb ISpw-

ssI-Iƒ sNø-s∏-´-t∏m-sgms° At±lw ~MG ~MG(Hcp-h≥! Hcp-h≥!) F∂v D®-cn-®p-

sIm≠v Xulo-Zns‚ ]Jym-]\w \S-Øp-I-bmbn-cp∂p sNbvXXv. \nßƒ°v CXn-s\-°mƒ tIm]w han-°p∂ as‰mcp hm°v F\n-°-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ AXm-bn-cp∂p Rm≥ ]d-bpI F∂vt]mepw B [oc-a-\-kvI-\mb kzlm_n (d) ]d-™n-cp-∂p-hsX! AΩm¿ (d)s‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fmb bmkndpw, kpa-øbpw (d) iXp-a¿±\-ß-fpsS ImTn-\y-Øm¬ sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv. amXm-hns\ c≠p H -I-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ sIń-hn-SpI apX-emb ISpw-ssI-I-sfm∂pw en-°p-∂n-s√∂v I≠-t∏mƒ BITn\ lrZ-b≥am¿ Ah-km\w Ah-cpsS Kply-ÿm-\Øv Ip¥w Xd®p AhscsIme-s∏-Sp-Øn-°-f™p. Ch¿ c≠p-t]-cp-am-bn-cp∂p Ckvem-ans‚ t]cn¬ sIm√-s∏´ BZysØ c≠v c‡-km-£n-Iƒ. J∫m_v (d)s‚ bP-am-\Øn At±-lsØ

2637





Ccpºv tIm¬ Np´p-]-gp-∏n®p ico-c-Øn¬ NqSp-Ip-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂n´pw At±-l-Øns‚Cuam≥ h¿[n-®-tX-bp≈q. CXv t]m-se-bp≈ kw -h-ßƒ kzlm-_n-I-fpsS˛ hnti-

jn®pw ]q¿h-kzlm-_n-I-fpsS ˛Ncn-X-Øn¬ kpe- -am-Ip∂p ºgÉ°VQGh º¡æY ¬∏dG ≈°V ôaA√mlp XpS-cp∂p:

[110] ]n∂oSv, \n›-b-ambpw,\ns‚ d∫v, Ipg-∏-Øn¬ [a¿±-\-Øn¬] AI-s∏-´ -Xn\v tijw"lnPvdx' [\mSp-hn´v] t]mIp-Ibpw,]n∂oSv kacw sNbvIbpw £an-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿°v, (AsX) \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v AXn-\vtijwhfsc s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h\pw,Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Xs∂.

[110] ]n∂oSv \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v bmsXm-cp-h¿°v

Ah¿ lnPvdx t]mbn tijw Ah¿ Ipg-∏-Øn-em-°-s∏-´-

Xns‚ ]ns∂ Ah¿ kacw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ah¿ £an-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v AXn-\p-tijw

hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h≥Xs∂ Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv.

\_n˜ lnPvdx t]mIp-tºmƒ, Zp¿∫-e-cm-bn-cp∂ ]e kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpwa°bn¬ tijn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ah-cpsS Ign-hp-tISv \nanØw Ah¿°v a°-hn´pt]mIp-hm≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂n√. Ipd-®nS Izpssd-in-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \nµy-cmbpw, Ah-cpsS CwKn-X-ßƒ°v hg-ßn-s°m≠pw, Ip^vdns‚ thjw A\p-h¿Øn®p sIm≠pwAh¿ Ign-tb≠n h∂p. ItaW Hmtcm kµ¿ -Øn-embn Ahcpw aZo-\-bn¬ sN∂pA`bw ]m]n-°p-Ibpw apkvenw-I-sfm-∂n®p ka-c-ß-fnepw a‰pw ]¶v hln-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. Ah-sc-°p-dn-®mWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂mWv ]ehymJym-Xm-°-fp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw. CX-\p-k-cn®v Cu hN\w aZo-\-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®-Xm-bn-cn°pw. Cu kqd-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Ønse Nne hN-\-ßƒ aZo-\-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-®-XmsW∂v ]d-b-s∏- n- p-≈Xpw ]kvXm-hy-am-Ip∂p. At∏mƒ, B CS-°m-eØvAh¿ kzoI-cn-t°≠n h∂ \b-ßsf A√mlp Ah¿°v am∏m°n hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-bn-cn°pw Cu hN-\-Øns‚ Xm¬]cyw. A_q-P≥Z¬, ke-a-Øp-_v\p-lnimw, A_vZp-√m-ln-_v\p-k-eax A_q-P-l-ens‚ ktlm-Z-c≥ Aømiv (d)apX-em-b-h¿ C°q-´-Øn¬s]-´-h-cm-bn-cp∂p.

hn`mKw ˛ 15

[111] F√m (Hmtcm) hy‡nbpw[Bfpw] AXns‚ kz¥w

2638





(Imcy)Øn∂mbn X¿°w \S-Øn-s°m≠v hcp∂ (B) Znhkw(Hm¿°pI)! F√m (Hmtcm) hy‡n(Bƒ)°pw AXv ]h¿Øn-®Xv[]h¿Ø-\-^ew] \nd-th-‰n-s°m-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw;˛ Ah-cm-Is´, (Ah-tcmSv) A\oXn sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-a√. [Aßn-s\-bp≈ BZnhkw!]

[111] hcp∂ Znhkw F√m tZlhpw, Bflmhpw, hy‡nbpw

X¿°w \S-Øn-s°m≠v AXns‚ kz¥-Øn-\v -th≠n \nd-th-

‰n-s°m-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw F√m hy‡n°pw, Bƒ°pw AXv

]h¿Øn-®Xv Ah-cm-Is´ AI-an° (A\oXn sNø)s∏Sp-I-bn√

Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fn-s\-bmWv B Znh-kw-sIm≠v Dt±-in-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v hy‡w.

]hm-N-I≥am¿t]mepw b-hn-lz-e-cm-bn-s°m≠v "Fs‚ Imcyw! Fs‚ Imcyw! (≈p°ùrØnf≈p°ùrØnf) F∂v ]d-bp∂ B Znh-k-Øn¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, a°ƒ, ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ XpS-

ßnb ]c-kv]c _‘-ß-sfm∂pw D]-I-cn-°p-I-bn√. kz¥w Imcy-a-√msX as‰mcpImcyw Duln-°p-hm≥t]mepw B¿°pw km[y-a-√m-Ø-hn[w Kuc-h-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-cn°pwA∂sØ cwKw. AsX, Hmtcm-cp-Ø∂pw aXn-bm-thmfw Ahs‚ Imcyw Xs∂

XnI®pw D≠m-bn-cn°pw. . (Ah-\-h\v KpW-I-c-amb

\ymb-ßƒ ka¿∏n-°pI, sX‰p-Ip-‰-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hgnhv In´p-hm-\p≈ Hgn-I-gn-hp-Iƒ ka¿∏n-°pI apX-em-b-h-bmWv "kz¥w Imcy-Øn-\mbn X¿°w \S-ØpI' F∂v]d-™-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw.

[112] A√mlp Hcp D]a hnh-cn-°p-I-bmWv Hcp cmPysØ: AXv\n¿`-b-am-bXpw im¥-am-b-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p; F√m ÿe-Øp-\n∂pwAXns‚ (Bh-iy -Øn -\p≈)Blmcw AXn\v kp`n-£-ambnhs∂-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn°pw;˛ F∂n-´Xv [AXnse Bfp-Iƒ] A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-ß-fn¬ Ahn-iz-kn®p [\µn -tIS v ImWn®p].At∏mƒ [AXnse Bfp -Iƒ]

2639





]h¿Øn -® p - sIm -≠n - c p -∂X v\nanØw AXn\v [Ah¿°v]A√mlp hni∏pw, `b-hp-am-Ip∂hkvXw Bkz-Zn-∏n®p;

[ 113] Ah¿°v Ah-cn¬\n∂p≈ dkq¬ sN√p-Ibpw D≠m-bn-´p≠v. F∂m¬, Ah¿ At±-lsØ hymP-am°n; At∏mƒ,Ah¿ AI-an-I-fm-bn-cns° in£Ahsc ]nSn-IqSn.

[112] B°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p (hnh-cn-°p-I-bmWv) A√mlp Hcp

D]a Hcp cmPysØ AXm-bn-cp∂p \n¿`-b-am-bXv im¥-am-

bXv AXn\v h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw AXns‚ Blmcw kp`n-£-ambn

F√m ÿeØv \n∂pw F∂n-´Xv Ahn-iz-kn®p (\ntj-[n®p,

\µn-tISv Im´n) A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-ß-fn¬ At∏mƒ AXn\v

A√mlp BkzZn (A\p-`hn)∏n®p hkvXsØ hni-∏ns‚ `b-

Øn-s‚bpw Ah-cm-bn-cp-∂Xv \nanØw Ah¿ sXmgn-em-°pI

(]h¿Øn-°pI) [113] Ah¿°v hcpI (sN√pI)bp≠m-bn-´p≠v

Hcp dkq¬ Ah-cn¬ \n∂p≈ F∂m-e-h¿ At±-lsØ hymP-am°n

At∏mƒ Ah¿°v ]nSn-s]´p, Ahsc ]nSn-IqSn in£ Ah-cm-

Is´, Ah¿ Bbn-cns° AI-an-I-fp-amWv, AI-an-Iƒ.

ChnsS cmPyw ( ) F∂v ]d-™Xv a°sb Dt±-in-®m-sW∂pw, Hcp ]tXyI

cmPysØ Dt±-in-®√ A√mlp hnh-cn® cq]-Øn-ep≈ GsX-¶nepw cmPysØs]mXpsh Dt±-in-®mWv˛F∂pw c≠-`n-]m-b-ß-fp≠v. CXnse hnh-cWw a°m-\n-hm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw hfsc A\p-tbm-Py-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√-Xm\pw. bp≤-ßfpw AI-a-ßfpw `b-s∏-Sp-hm-\n-√msX \n¿`-b-ambpw, im¥-ambpwCcn-°p∂ cmPy-am-WXv. B cmPy-°m¿°m-h-iy-amb `£-W-km-[-\-ßƒ \m\m-Zn-°p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Cd-°p-aXn sNø-s∏-Sp∂p. F∂n´pw Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-ßsf [n°-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ahn-izm-k-Ønepw tXm∂n-b-hm-k-Ønepw apgp-In-s°m-≠n-cp∂p. Ah-cn¬ \n∂v Ahsc D]-tZ-in-°p-hm≥ th≠n A√mlp Hcp dkq-en-s\bpw˛\_n Xncp-ta-\n˜sb˛ Ab-®p-sIm-SpØp. dkq-ens\ hymP-am°n \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw AIaw Agn-®p-hn-Sp-I-bp-am-W-h¿ sNbvXXv. F∂n-]-Imcw C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d) tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-°m-Wp∂p. [n°mcw apgp-Ø-t∏mƒ A√mlp Ah¿°v `£-W-£maw A\p-`-h-s∏-SpØn, Ggp-sIm√w \o≠p-\n∂ B ITn-\-£m-a-Øn¬, H´-I-Øns‚ c‡hpw tcmahpw Iq´n-t®¿Øp A∏-ap-≠m°n £n-°p-hm≥t]mepw Ah¿

2640





\n¿_-‘n-X-cmbn. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n˜bpsS aZo\m lnPvd-xsb-Øp-S¿∂v A[nIwXma-kn-bm-sX-Xs∂˛ Ah-cn¬ bp≤- o-Xnbpw BI-a-W- -bhpw k¿hX IS-∂p-IqSn.sskzc-Po-hnXw Ah¿°n-√m-Xmbn. _Zv¿ bp≤-tØmsS Ah-cpsS \s´√pw HSn-™p-t]mbn. HSp°w ]e G‰p-ap-´-ep-Iƒ°pw tijw \ncp-]m-[nIw Ah¿ Iog-S-ßp-IbpwsNtø≠n h∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn® Imcy-ß-f-Xbpw a°-°msc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw bYm¿Y-Øn¬ kw`-hn-®p-I-gn-™-Xm-Ip∂p.

Cu D]a a°-°m-scbpw, AXnse \nhm-kn-I-sfbpw kw_-‘n-®m-bmepw ta¬hn-h-cn® ]Im-c-ap≈ cmPy-ßsf s]mXp-hn¬ Dt±-in-®m-bmepw icn, A√m-lp-hns‚Hcp \S-]-Sn-®- -sØ-bmWv Cu D]a Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv. D]-a-bn¬ \n∂v ]Tn-t°-≠p∂]mTw ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂p hy‡-amWv:˛

[114] AXn-\m¬, \nßƒ°vA√mlp \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xn¬ \n∂vA\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw \√ (hnin-jvS-amb)Xpam-bXv \nßƒ Xn∂p-sIm-≈p-hn≥; A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øn\v \µn ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥; \nßƒ Ah-s\-bmWv Bcm-[n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬!

[114] BI-bm¬ \nßƒ Xn∂p-sIm-≈p-hn≥ \nßƒ°v

A√mlp \¬In-b-Xn¬ \n∂v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-bXv \√, hnin-jvS-amb

\µn ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øn\v

\nß-fm-sW-¶n¬ Ahs\ (Xs∂) \nß-fm-cm-[n-°p∂p (sh¶n¬)

a‰p-≈-hsc Bcm-[n-°epw, A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Iqdp-Im-Wn-°epw˛ c≠pw-IqSn˛Hcn-°epw tbmPn-°p-I-bn√. AXp-sIm≠v Bcm-[-\bpw \µnbpw Ah\v Xs∂ Bbn-cn-°Ww. `£y-h-kvXp-°ƒ A\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw \√-Xp-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ;D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]mSn-√mØ `£y-h-kvXp-°ƒ Iptd A[n-I-apt≠m F∂v tXm∂n-tb°mw. AXv A[n-I-sam-∂p-an-s√∂pw A√mlp XpS¿∂-dn-bn-°p∂p:˛

[115] ihhpw, c‡hpw, ]∂n-amw-khpw, A√mlp A√m-Ø-h¿°v-th≠n i_vZw Db¿Ø-s∏´ [Adp-°-s∏´]Xpw amXta Ah≥ \nß-fp-sS-ta¬ \njn-≤-am-°n-bn-´p≈q.F\n Bsc-¶nepw (\nb-a-ew-L\w)Imw£n-°p-∂-h-\-√m-sXbpw, AXn-cp -hn -´ -h-\-√m-sXbpw (`£n-°p-

2641





hm≥) \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-Ip-∂-]£w,˛At∏mƒ, \n›-b-ambpw, A√mlphfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip∂p.

[115] Ah≥ \njn-≤-am-°n-bn-´p≈q \nß-fp-sS-ta¬

ihsØ c‡-sØbpw amwkhpw ]∂n-bpsS bmsXm∂pw

i_vZw Db¿Ø (Adp°)s∏ń-cn-°p∂p A√mlp A√m-Ø-h¿°v th≠n

AXp-sIm≠v, AXp-hgn F\n B¿, h√-h\pw \n¿_-‘n-X-\mbn

tXSp∂ (Imw£n-°p∂˛[n°-cn-°p∂)h\-√msX AXn-cp-I-S-∂-h-\p-a-√msX

F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h-\mWv Icp-

Wm-\n-[n-bmWv

Cu hN-\-Øn-e-S-ßnb kwK-Xn-Ifpw, Bi-b-ßfpw A¬_-Izdx 173 epw, A≥Bw145 epw apºv hnh-cn®p Ign-™n-´p≠v. amC-Z-xbnepw, A≥-B-anepw th≠X hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßfpw \¬In-bn- p≠v. AXp-sIm≠v ChnsS ]tXy-In-s®m∂pw hnh-cn-°p-∂n√.IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-ßƒ Ahn-S-ß-fn¬ t\m°pI. CXbpw Ipd™ hkvXp-°tfA√mlp \njn-≤-am-°n-bn-´p-≈p-sh-¶nepw apivcn-°p-Iƒ Ah-cpsS kz¥w hI-bmbnthsdbpw ]eXpw \njn-≤-am-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p∂p. AXn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv:˛

[ 116] \nß-fpsS \mhp-IƒhymP-hn-h-cWw \¬In hcp-∂-Xn-\m¬ (amXw) \nßƒ ]d-bp-IbpwAcpXv: "CXv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amWv:CXv \njn -≤-hp -amWv' (F∂n -ßns\); \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns‚t]cn¬ hymPw sIń-®-a-°p-hm≥th≠n. [AXm-W-Xns‚ Iem-i-am-IpI.]

\n›-b-ambpw, A√m-lp-hns‚t]cn¬ hymPw sIń-®-a-°p-∂-h¿hnP-bn-°p-I-bn√.

[117] A¬] (amX) amb HcpkpJm-\p-`hw! Ah¿°v thZ-\-tb-dnb in£-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cn°pw.

2642





[116] \nßƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNø-cpXv hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

\nß-fpsS \mhp-Iƒ hymPw CXv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-

amWv CXv \njn-≤-amWv \nßƒ sIń-bp-≠m-°p-hm≥ th≠n

A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ (t]cn¬) hymPw \n›-b-ambpw

sIń-®-a-°p-∂-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬ hymPw Ah¿

hnP-bn-°p-I-bn√ [117] Hcp kpJm-\p-`hw, kpJw, D]-tbmKw A¬]-

amb, Ipd™ Ah¿°p-≠vXm\pw in£ thZ-\-tb-dnb

Fs¥-¶nepw sXfnthm h√ ]am-Wtam IqSmsX, kz¥w \mhn-\m¬ Dcp-hn-Sp∂Nne \ymb-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, A√mlp lem-em°n (A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am°n)b Nne hkvXp-°sf ldmapw (\njn-≤hpw), ldm-am-°nb Nne hkvXp-°sf lem-ep-am-°n-s°m≠v apiv-cn-°p-Iƒ aX-hn-[n-Iƒ sIń-bp-≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®vBt£-]n-°p-I-bmWv. aX-Øn¬ lem-se∂pw ldm-sa∂pw hn[n I¬]n-°p-hm-\p≈A[n-Im-chpw, Ah-Im-ihpw A√m-lp-hn-\m-bn-cns°, CXv A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬hymPw sIń-®-a-°-em-Wt√m. A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ hymPw sIń-®-a-°p-∂-h¿ Hcn-°epw hnP-bn-°p-I-bn√. Cl-Øn¬ sh®v Xp—-amb h√ Imcy-em-`hpw e`n-t®-°m-sa-¶nepw ]c-tem-IØv Ah¿°v ITn-\-in-£-bm-bn-cn°pw êw F∂v kmcw.

apiv-cn-°p-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw ihw, ]∂n-amwkw apX-em-b-hsb Ah¿A\p-h-Z-\o-b-ambn KWn-®n-cp∂p. "_lo-dØv' "kmC-_Øv' F∂pw a‰p-ap≈ t]cp-I-fn¬ ]e Imen-I-sfbpw hnK-l-ßƒ°v hgn-]m-Sm°n hnSepw ]Xn-hm-bn-cp∂p.Nne-Xns\ ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v amXw A\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw, kvXoIƒ°v \njn-≤-hp-am-°n-sh-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂p. (5:106: 6:139 apX-emb ÿe-ßƒ t\m°pI) CØcwkwK-Xn-Isf kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠m-Ip∂p CXv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-sa∂pw, CXv \njn-≤-sa∂pw]d-b-cp-sX∂v hntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. F∂m¬ C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xv-t]mse˛Cu kwK-Xn-Iƒ amX-a√ Cu hntcm-[-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. AwKo-Ir-X-amb sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e-√msX \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp∂ A\m-Nm-c-ßfpw,Izp¿-B-\n∂pw kp∂-Øn∂pw FXn-cmbn ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂ ^Xv-h-Ifpw \nb-a-ß-fp-sa√mw Xs∂, A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ hymPw sIń-®-a-°p-∂-Xn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p.A_q-\-Zzvdx (d) ]d-™-Xmbn C_v\p A_o-lmXnw (d) D≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p: "kqd-

Øp-∂-lv-ense F∂p≈ (Cu) hN\w Rm≥ hmbn®p. AXn-\m¬,

A∂p apX¬ C∂p-hsc Rm≥ Xvhm (aX-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ hn[n) \¬Ip-hm≥ b-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv.

[ 118] blq-Zn -I-fm-b-h-cpsStaepw (Xs∂) apºv \mw \n\°vhnh-cn-®p-X-∂-hsb \mw \njn-≤-am°n. Ah-tcmSv \mw A\oXnsNbvXn-ń√; F¶nepw Ah¿ Ah-tcm-Sv -X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p A\oXnsNbvXn-cp-∂Xv.

2643





[118] bmsXm-cp-h-cpsS ta¬ blq-Z-cmb \mw \njn-≤-

am°n \mw IY\w sNbvXXv, (hnh-cn-®Xv) \n\°v, \ns‚-ta¬

apºv \mw Ah-tcmSv A\oXn, (AIaw) sNbvXn-´p-an√

F¶nepw Ah-cm-bn-cp∂p Xß-tfmSv Xs∂, Ah-cpsS kz¥-ßsf

AI-an°pw (A\oXn sNøpw)

A¬]w Nne £y-h-kvXp-°sf amXta A√mlp \njn-≤-am°n \nb-an-®n-´p-≈q-sh∂v 115˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®p-ht√m. F∂m¬, blq-Zn-I-fp-sS-ta¬ apºv\nßƒ°v hnh-cn-®p-X-∂n-´p≈ Nne hkvXp-°sf \njn-≤-am-°n-bn-cp-∂Xv icn-bm-sW∂pw, AXv Ah-tcmSv A√mlp sNbvX Hcp A\o-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂n√˛Ah¿ kzbwsNbvX AI-a-ß-fpsS ê-am-bn-cp∂p˛F∂p-amWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-®-Xns‚ kmcw. "apºv hnh-cn-®p-X-∂Xv' F∂v ]d-™Xv kqdx-A≥Bw 146˛mw hN-\-Øn-em-Ip∂p. \J-ap≈ hkvXp-°-sfbpw, BSp-am-Sp-I-fpsS sImgp-∏p-Ifpw Ah¿°v\njn-≤-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw, AX-h-cpsS [n°mcw aqe-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p-amWvAhnsS ]d-™-Xns‚ Npcp°w. IqSp-X¬ hnhcw AhnsS Ign-™p-t]m-bn-´p≠v.IqSmsX, Ah-cpsS AIaw \nanØw hnin-jvS-amb Nne hkvXp-°sf Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ \njn-≤-am-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v kq: \nkm-Dv 160 epw ImWmw.

[119] ]n∂oSv, \n›-b-ambpw,\ns‚ d∫v, hnUvVnØw (AYhmhnh-c -t°Sv) \nanØw Xn∑]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw, ]n∂oSv AXn-\v -tijw ]›m-Ø-]n-°p-Ibpw,\∂m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿°v,(AsX) \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫vAXn-\v -tijw hfsc s]mdp-°p-∂-h\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p.

[119] ]n∂oSv, ]ns∂ \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v ]h¿Øn-

®-h¿°v Xn∑sb, tamiw hnUvVn-Øw-sIm≠v, hnh-c-t°Sv \nanØw

]ns∂ Ah¿ ]›m-Ø-]n®p tijw AXns‚ Ah¿

\∂m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp, (I¿a-ßsf) \∂m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp \n›-b-

ambpw \ns‚ d∫v AXn-\v -tijw s]mdp-°p-∂-h≥ Xs∂-bmWv

Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv.

A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ \nb-a-ßƒ sIń-bp-≠m°pI t]mse-bp≈ Kpcp-X-c-amb]m]-ßƒ h√Xpw hnh-c-t°-Sv sIm≠v sNbvXp-t]m-bm¬ Xs∂bpw ]n∂oSv tJZn-®p-a-Sßn kz¥w \ne \∂m-°n-Øo¿Øm¬ A√mlp s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw

2644





IcpW sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-sW∂v kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kam-[m-\n-∏n-°p-I-bmWv.

hn`mKw ˛ 16

[120]\n›-b-ambpw C_vdmlow,A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv `‡ym-\p-k-c-W-ap≈ EPp -am -\ -k-\mb Hcp(]tXyI) kap-Zmbw (AYhmamXr-Im-t\-Xmhv) Bbn-cp∂p.At±lw apiv-cn-°p-I-fn¬s]-´-h-\m-bn-cp-∂n-´p-an√.

[121] Ahs‚ [A√m-lp-hns‚]

A\p-K-l-ßƒ°v \µn ImWn-°p-∂-h≥ (Bbn-cp∂p). At±-lsØAh≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw, t\sc(sNms∆) bp≈ Hcp ]mX-bn-te°vAt±-lsØ Ah≥ \bn-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-cn-°p∂p.

[122] Cl-Øn¬ At±-l-Øn\v\mw \∑ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.At±lw ]c-tem-I-Øn-em-Is´, kZv-hr-Ø-∑m-cn¬s]-´-h≥ Xs∂.

[ 123] ]n∂oS v (Ct∏mƒ),\n\°v \mw "hlvbv; [ktµiw]

\¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p: EPp-am-\-k-\mb\ne-bn¬ (Bbn-cp∂) C_vdm-lo-ans‚ am¿KsØ ]n≥]-‰-W-sa∂v;At±lw apiv-cn-°p-I-fn¬s]-´-h-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-an√.

[120] \n›-b-ambpw C_vdmlow BIp∂p, Bbn-cp∂p Hcp

kap-Zmbw (amXrIm t\Xmhv) ‡n-bp≈, HXp-°-ap≈, A\p-k-c-W-ap≈ (h≥)

A√m-lp-h-n\v, A√m-lp-thmSv EPp-am-\-k-\mb (\njvI-f-¶-lr-Z-b-\mb)

At±lw Bbn-cp-∂n√, Bbn- n√ apiv-cn-°p-I-fn¬ (]¶p-tN¿°p-

∂-h-cn¬˛_lp-ssZh hnizm-kn-I-fn¬) s]´ (h≥) [121] \µn ImWn-°p-

∂-h≥, \µn ImWn-®p-sIm≠v Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-ßƒ°v At±-lsØ

Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂p At±-lsØ \bn-°pI (hgn-tN¿°p-Ibpw)

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sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p Hcp ]mX (hgn) bnte°v sNm∆mb, t\sc-bp≈

[122] At±-l-Øn\v \mw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp Cl-Øn¬

\∑, \√Xv At±-l-am-I-s´, \n›-b-ambpw At±lw ]c-tem-I-Øn¬

kZvhr-Ø-cn¬s]´ (h≥) Xs∂ [123] ]ns∂ \mw hlvbv

\¬In \n\°v, \n∂n-te°v \o ]n≥]-‰pI F∂v am¿KsØ

C_vdm-lo-ans‚ EPp-am-\k (\njv°-f¶ lrZb) \mb \ne-bn-ep≈

At±lw Bbn-cp-∂p-an√ apiv-cn°p (_lp-ssZh hnizmkn) Ifn¬s∏´

(h≥)

apiv-cn-°p-Iƒ aXm-Nm-c-ß-fmbn BN-cn-®p-h-∂n-cp∂ in¿°v ]-c-amb ]e Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw apºv ]kvXm-hn®p. C_vdmlow \_n-(A) bpsS ]n≥Km-an-Ifpw,At±-l-Øns‚ amXr-Ibpw, \S-]-Sn-I-ahpw kzoI-cn-®p-h-cp-∂psh∂ \ne-°mWvAsX√mw Ah¿ BN-cn-®p-h-∂n-cp-∂Xpw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ At±lw kzoI-cn-®p-h-∂n-cp∂ am¿K-am-Is´, AXn-s\√mw IS-I-hn-cp-≤-hp-am-bn-cp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ bYm¿Y ÿnXn C∂n∂ ]Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw, At±lw kzoI-cn-®n-cp∂ AtX-am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°p-hm\pw, AXv ]t_m-[\w sNøp-hm\pw Xs∂-bmWv\_n Xncp-ta-\n˜tbmSv I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I-bmWv.

"kap-Zmbw, kaqlw' F∂o A¿Y-ß-fn-emWv áeoG(DΩØv) F∂ hm°v km[m-

cW D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≈-sX∂pw, Nne-t∏mƒ thsd A¿Y-ß-fnepw AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-s≠∂pw, Ah-bn¬ H∂v amXr-Im-t\-Xmhv' F∂m-sW∂pw kq:lqZnse 8˛mw hN-\-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ \mw hnh-cn-®p-ht√m. Hcp hºn® kap-Zm-b-Øn\v amXr-Ibpw, t\Xr-Xzhpw \¬Inb alm-\m-b-Xv -sIm≠v C_vdmlow (A)Hcp ]tXyI kap-Zmbw Xs∂-bm-sW∂v ]d-b-Ø-°-hn[w tijvT\pw DØ-a\pwXs∂-bm-Wv -Xm\pw. At±-l-sØ-∏‰n A√mlp ChnsS ]iw-kn-®p-]-d™ Imcy-ßƒ i≤n-°pI:

(1) A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv `‡nbpw A\p-k-c-Whpw D≈-h-\m-bn-cp∂p.

(2) hI-am¿K-ß-fn-te-s°m∂pw Xp\n-bmsX t\¿am¿K-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n¬°p∂EPp-am-\-k-\m-bn-cp∂p.

(3) in¿°ns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-sem∂pw AI-s∏-SmsX Xulo-Zn¬ ASn-bp-d-®-h-\m-bn-cp∂p.

(4) A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-ßƒ°v \µn-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cp∂p.

(5) A√mlp At±-lsØ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂p. AsX, At±-lsØ Ah≥t\¿am¿K-Øns‚ amXr-Ibpw, k≥am¿Kn-I-fpsS t\Xmhpw, in¿°ns‚ IWvT-tIm-Sm-enbpw, Xulo-Zns‚ ]Xm-I-hm-l-I-\p-am°n Db¿Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.

(6) sNm∆mb am¿K-Øn-te°v At±-lsØ A√mlp \bn-®n-cn-°p∂p. A√mlpt\¿am¿K-Øn-te°v \bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-h¿ ]ns∂ hgn-sX-‰p∂ ]iv\-an-√t√m.

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(7) Cl-Øn¬ Ah≥ At±-l-Øn\v \∑ \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂p. Cl-Øn¬ sh®vAt±-l-Øn\v kn≤n® \nkvXp-e-amb \∑-Iƒ Ipd-s®m-∂p-a√. thZ-°mcpw, Ah-cp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-h-cp-amb F√m kap-Zm-b-ßƒ°n-S-bnepw Imem-h-km\w hsc At±-l-Øns‚ k¬t]cpw k¬Io¿Ønbpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-sh-∂p-≈Xv Ah-bn¬H∂sX.

(8) ]c-tem-IØv kZv-hr-Ø≥am-cpsS Iq -Øn-em-bn-cn°pw At±lw. ]-ctemIØva\p-jy\v e`n-°p-hm-\p≈ k¿∆-t\-´-ß-fp-sSbpw am\-ZWvUw Ah≥ kZv-hr-Ø\pwk¬°¿anbpw Bbn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wt√m.

C_vdmlow \_n-(A)bpsS D¬Ir-jvS-Kp-W-ßfpw ÿm\-am-\-ßfpw Nq≠n-°m-´n-b-tijw, At±lw kzoI-cn-®p-h∂ AtX am¿Khpw \S-]-Sn-I-ahpw, ]n≥]-‰p-hm-\mWv \_n˜tbmSv I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v A√mlp DW¿Øp∂p. CtXm-Sp-IqSn,apI-fn¬ ]d™ At±-l-Øns‚ c≠v KpW-ßsf ho≠pw Bh¿Øn®v Hm¿an-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. At±lw hI-am¿K-ß-sf√mw hn´v t\¿am¿K-Øn¬ amXw

Dd-®p-\n∂ \njv°-f-¶lr-Z-b-\m-bn-cp∂p ( ) F∂pw, in¿°ns‚ am¿K-ß-fn-

sem∂pw At±-l-w ]th-i-n°mdp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ ( ) F∂p-am-WXv.

F√m k¬Kp-W-ß-fp-sSbpw Dd-hnSw Cu c≠v KpW-ß-fm-Wt√m. \_n Xncp-ta-\n -bpsS ]t_m-[-\-am¿K-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-dbpw Ah Xs∂.

[124] "i∫Øv' (BN-cWw)G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv, AXn¬`n∂m-`n-]m-b-Øn-em-b-h-cpsS ta¬amX-am-Ip∂p. \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚d∫v, bmsXm-∂n¬ Ah¿ `n∂m-`n-]m -b-Øn-em -bn -s°m-≠n-cn -°p -∂pthm AXn¬, Ah¿°n-S-bn¬Iznbm-aØv \mfn¬ sh®v, hn[nI¬]n-°pI Xs∂ sNøpw.

[124] B°-s∏-SpI (G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-SpI) amXw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p

i∫Øv (BN-cWw) bmsXm-cp-h-cpsS ta¬ (amXw) Ah¿

`n∂m- n-]m-b-Øn-embn AXn¬ \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v Ah≥

hn[n-°pI Xs∂ sNøpw Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ Iznbm-a-Øv \m-fn¬

bmsXm-∂n¬ Ah-cm-bn-cp∂p AXn¬ Ah¿ `n∂m-`n-]m-b-Øn-

emIpw.

C_vdmlow \_n(A)-bpsS am¿Kw ]n≥]-‰p-hm≥ \_n˜tbmSv I¬]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wt√m. Aßn-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬, At±-l-Øns‚ ]n≥Xp-S¿®-°m-cmb thZ-°m¿i\n-bmgvN Znhkw BgvN-tXmdpw BN-cn-®p-h-cp∂ i∫-Øm-N-cWw F¥v -sIm≠v

2647





\_n˜ \S-Øp-∂n√? AtX kabw sh≈n-bmgvN ][m\ Znh-k-ambn BN-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p? F∂v tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ adp-]-Sn-bm-WnXv. i∫-Øns‚ BN-cWw C_vdmlow\_n (A)-bpsS Ime-ti-j-amWv \nb-an-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv. AXvBcpsS ta¬ \nb-an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv AXn¬ n∂n-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv. AXp-sIm≠v B hnj-b-Øn¬ Ah-tcmSv tbmPn-°m-Ø-Xns‚t]cn¬ \_n˜ C_vdmlow\_n(A)-bpsS am¿K-Øn\v hncp-≤-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-hm-\n√. Ah-cpsS n∂-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Xocp-am\w A√mlp Iznbm-aØv \mfn¬ \S-Øn-s°m-≈p-Ibpw sNøpw F∂sX adp-]-Sn-bpsS kmcw.

Camw im^nCu, _pJmco, apkvenw (d) F∂n-h¿ A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) bn¬ \n∂p-≤-cn® Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \_n˜ ]d-bp∂p: "\mw Ah-km\w h∂-h-cm-Ip∂p, Iznbm-aØp \mfn¬ \mw apº≥am-cp-am-bn-cn°pw. ]t£, Ah¿°v (thZ-°m¿°v) \ΩpsSapºv thZ-KŸw \¬I-s∏-Sp-Ibpw, \ap°v Ah-cpsS tijw \¬I-s∏-Sp-IbpwsNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. ]ns∂, Cu Znhk (sh≈n-bmgvN Znhk) amWv Ah-cpsS ta¬\nb-an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv. F∂n v Ah-c-Xn¬ n∂n®p. F∂m¬ A√mlp \sΩ AXn-te°v hgn-tN¿Øp X∂n-cn-°p∂p. Aßs\ a\p-jy¿ AXn¬ \ΩpsS ]n∂n-em-Wp-≈Xpw. blq-Zn-Iƒ \msfbpw, InkvXym-\n-Iƒ a‰-∂mfpw'. C_v\p A∫mkv (d)]d-™-Xmbn C]-Imcw \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p: "aqkm \_n(A) blq-Zn-I-tfmSv PpapAxZn\w (sh≈n-bmgvN) BN-cn-°p-hm≥ I¬]n®p. BgvN-bn¬ Hcp Znhkw\nßƒ A√m-lp-hn-∂mbn (Bcm-[-\m-I¿a-ßƒ°v th≠n) Hgn-™n-cn-°Ww. A∂v\nßƒ tPmen-I-sfm∂pw sNø-cpXv F∂v ]d™p. AXv sh≈n-bm-gvN-bm-bn-cp∂p.Ah¿ AXn\v hnk-Ω-Xn®p. A√mlp krjvSn-bn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hmb Znh-k-a-√msXas‰m∂pw Rßƒ°m-h-iy-an√ F∂-h¿ ]d™p. CXv i\n-bm-gvN-bmWv. Aßs\B Znhkw At±lw Ah-cn¬ \n›-bn-°p-Ibpw, Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ (I¿a-ßƒ) I¿i-\-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n∂oSv Cukm \_n(A)bpw sh≈n-bmgvN sIm≠p-h∂p.At∏mƒ InkvXym-\n-Iƒ ]d™p: Ah-cpsS s]cp-∂mƒ Znhkw \ΩpsS s]cp-∂m-fn\v tij-am-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ Rßƒ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n√. Aßs\, Ah¿ Rmb-dmgvNkzoI-cn®p.

i∫-Øn¬ Ah¿ `n∂n®p ( ) F∂-Xns‚ Xm¬]cyw, thZ-°m¿ Ah-

cpsS \_n-am-cpsS \n¿t±iw kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-sW∂v taep-≤-cn-®-Xn¬ \n∂va\- n-em°mw. i∫-Øv \m-fns\ bYm-hn[n BN-cn-°msX blq-Zn-I-fn¬ Nne¿ A∂va¬kyw ]nSn-®Xpw AXn-s\-Øp-S¿∂v Ahsc in£n-®Xpw A√mlp (7:163˛166) hnh-cn-®n- p-≠t√m. AXm-Wn-hnsS Dt±-iy-sa∂v hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]d-bp∂p. CXn\v ChnsS]k‡n ImWp-∂n√. blq-Zn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep≈ n∂n-∏mWv Dt±-iy-sa∂pw Nne¿ ]d-bp∂p. blq-Zn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ i∫-Øv \m-fns‚ BN-cW kz`m-h-Øn¬ `n∂n-∏p-≠m-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬ Xs∂bpw Znh-k-\n¿W-b-Øn¬ n∂n-∏p-≠m-bn- n-s√-∂p-≈Xpw ]kvXm-hy-am-Ip∂p. blq-Zn-Iƒ°pw, Ah-cn¬\n∂v InkvXym-\n-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂-h¿°pwCS-bn¬ amXta AXn¬ `n∂n-∏p-≠m-bn-´p≈q. CXv -t]m-se-Øs∂, C_v-dmlow\_n(A) sh≈n-bmgvN BN-cn-®p-h-∂n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Nne¿ ]kvXm-hn-®p-Im-Wp∂p.CXn\pw sXfn-hp-I-fn√. Cukm\_n-(A)bpsS ImeØv i\n-bmgvN Znhkw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p i∫-Øm-N-cWw \S-∂n-cp-∂-sX∂pw ]n∂oSv InkvXob k`-I-fmWv

2648





AXn\p ]Icw Rmb-dm-gvN-bpsS BN-cWw \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øn-b-sX∂pw InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS tcJ-I-fn¬\n∂v hy‡-amWv. (*)

C_vdmlow\_n(A)-bpsS am¿K-sØ-bmWv ]n≥]-t‰-≠-sX∂v I¬]n-®-tijw,At±lw B am¿K-Øn-te°v P\-ßsf £Wn-®n-cp∂ ]Imcw AXn-te°v £Wn-°p-hm\pw \_n˜tbmSv A√mlp I¬]n-°p∂p:˛

(*) "i∫Øv' F∂ io¿j-I-Øn¬ thZ-]p-kvXI \nL-≠p-hn¬ ]d-bp∂p:"C°m-eØv BgvN-h- -Øns‚ H∂mw Znh-k-amb Rmb-dmgvN s]mXpsh "i∫Øv'F∂pw, "I¿Øm-hns‚ Znhkw' F∂pw ]d-™p-h-cp∂p. F∂m¬, blq-Z≥am¿BgvN-h-´-Øns‚ Ggmw Znh-ksØ "i∫Øv' F∂pw, BZy-In-kvXym-\n-IƒBgvN-h-´-Øns‚ H∂mw Znh-ksØ "I¿Øm-hns‚ Znhk"sa∂pw ]d-™p-sh∂v[cn-°Ww...... BZy ssIkvXh k`-bn¬, blqZ aX-Øn¬\n∂v InkvXym-\n-I-fm-b-h¿ Ggmw Znhkw i∫-Ømbn BN-cn-®p-sh-¶nepw BgvN-h-´-Øns‚H∂mw Znhkw I¿Øm-hns‚ Znh-k-ambn BN-cn-°pI IqSp-X¬ ]Nm-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bm¬, ssIkvXh k`-bn¬ blq-Z-]-amWw £bn-®-t∏mƒ I¿Øm-hns‚ Znhkw `qcn-]£w P\-ß-fm¬ BN-cn-°-s∏´p. F_m-b¿ i∫-Øns\kw_-‘n-®p≈ `mc-ta-dnb I¬]-\-I-fm¬ P\-ßsf ]oUn-∏n-°p-∂Xv I≠n´vhn. ]utemkv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Znh-k-ßsf hnti-jn-∏n-®n-´m-h-iy-an-s√∂vDZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.... ItaW k` hf¿∂p-h-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn Znh-kw-tXmdpw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Bcm-[-\°v hcp-∂Xv Akm-≤y-am-sW∂v I≠v Hcp \n›nX ZnhkwG¿s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xmbn h∂p..... BgvN-h-´-Øns‚ H∂mw Znhkw Bcm-[-\m-Zn-h-k-am-bn-Øo¿∂p.... AXn∂v i∫Øv F∂pw t]cn´p.'

[125] (\_ntb) \ns‚ d∫ns‚am¿K-Øn-te°v bp‡n-X-Xzhpw,\√ kZp-]-tZ-ihpw aptJ\ \o (P\-ßsf) £Wn-®p-sIm-≈pI. IqSp-X¬ \√-tXtXm AX-\p-k-cn®v Ah-tcmSv hnhmZw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI.\n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v Xs∂-bmWv Ahs‚ am¿Kw hn´v ]ng-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-h-sc-∏‰n G‰w Adn-bp-∂-h≥; Ah≥ (Xs∂), t\¿am¿Kw]m]n-°p-∂-h-sc-∏‰n G‰w Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip∂p.

[125] \o £Wn-°pI, hnfn-°pI am¿K-Øn-te°v \ns‚

d∫ns‚ bp‡n (XXzw˛hn⁄m\w) sIm≠v (aptJ\) kZp-]-tZ-

ihpw \√-Xmb Ah-tcmSv X¿°w (hnhmZw˛hmKzmZw˛ hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw)

2649





\S-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI bmsXm-∂p-ambn, bmsXm-∂-\p-k-cn®v AXv

IqSp-X¬ \√-XmWv \n›-b-ambpw \ns‚ d∫v Ah≥ (Xs∂) \√-

hÆw (G‰w IqSp-X¬) Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv ]ng® (sX‰nb) hsc-∏‰n

Ahs‚ am¿Kw-hn´v, am¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v Ah≥ \√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-

amWv t\¿am¿Kw ]m]n-°p-∂-h-sc-∏‰n.

kXy-am¿K-Øn-te°v £Wn°p-∂Xv \n¿_‘w sNep-Øntbm, i‡nbpw kzm[o-\hpw D]-tbm-Knt®m Bh-cpXv. AXn\v aq∂v coXn-I-fm-Wp-≈-sX∂v ChnsS A√mlp

Cu hN-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p. (1) bp‡n-X-Xz-ßƒ ( ). (2) \√ cq]-Øn-

ep≈ kZp-]-tZiw ( ). (3) IqSp-X¬ \√ coXn-bn-ep≈ hnhmZw

( ) D]-tZ-in-°p∂ hnj-b-Øns‚ bYm¿Yw Kln-°p-amdv

AXns‚ bp‡n, sXfnhv, e£yw BZn-bm-bh hnh-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI F∂v H∂m-a-sØ-Xn\pw, A\p-jvTn-t°-≠Xv A\p-jvTn-°p-hm\pw, Dt]-£n-t°-≠Xv Dt]-£n-°p-hm\pw Bh-iy-amb t]m’m-l-\-ßfpw t]c-W-Ifpw \ymb-ßfpw \¬Ip-I-sb∂vc≠m-a-sØ-Xn\pw kmam-\y-ambn hnh£ \¬Imw. Bt]-£n-I-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ,_p≤nbpw hnth-Ihpw D≈-h-cn¬ H∂m-asØ coXnbpw, km[m-c-W-°m-cn¬ c≠m-asØ coXnbpw IqSp-X¬ ê-h-Øm-bn-cn°pw.

F√m-hcpw kmXzn-I-∑mcpw, kXym-t\z-jW X¬]-c-cp-am-bn-cn-°-bn-√t√m. Aßn-s\-bp-≈-h-tcmSv X¿°hpw hmZhpw \S-tØ-≠-Xmbn hcpw. F∂m-eXv, hmb-S-∏n-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈tXm DØcw apń-°p-hm≥ th≠ntbm Bbn-cn-°-cpXv. kµ¿`-Øn\pw Bƒ°pw, ]cn-X-xÿn-Xn°pw A\p-k-cn®v IqSp-X¬ \b-tØmSpw ab-tØmSpwIqSnbpw, kXy-k-‘-ambpw Bbn-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. kw`m-jWw ]Xn-tbm-Kn-bpsS ]cm-P-bsØ amXw D∂w-sh-®p-sIm-≠m-h-cpXv. kXyw Kln-∏n-°p-I-bm-hWw e£yw.kwkm-c-ssi-enbpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ hm°p-Ifpw shdp-∏n-°p∂ cq]-Øn-em-h-cpXv.A√m-Ø-]£w, ]Xn-tbmKn DØ-cw-apń ]cm-P-b-s∏- m¬t]mepw kXy-tØmSv CW-ßm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cn°pw D≠m-IpI. \ymbhpw sXfnhpw ka¿∏n-°p-∂Xv Ccp-hn-`m-K-°mcpw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ ASn-ÿm\w sX‰m-sX Bbn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. CØcwImcy-ßƒ Hmtcm I£nbpw a\- n-cp-ØmbvI sIm≠mWv c≠v hyXy-kvX-amb A`n-]m-b-K-Xn-°m¿ XΩn¬ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ C∂sØ hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-ß-fn¬ _lp-`q-cn-`m-Khpw ê-iq-\y-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xpw, ]c-kv]cw hntZzjw hf¿Øp-hm≥ Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xpw.

£Wn-°p∂ am¿Khpw, coXnbpw FX-Xs∂ \√-Xm-bn-cp-∂mepw £Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc√mw kXyw kzoI-cn-°pI hnc-f-am-bn-cn°pw. AXv £W-I¿Øm-hns‚ Npa-

X-e-bp-a√. \_n˜tbmSv A√mlp ]d-bp∂p (Ahsc t\¿am¿K-

Øn-em-°¬ \ns‚-ta¬ _m[y-X-bn√. F¶nepw A√mlp Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-hsc

t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p∂p (2:272) (\n›-b-ambpw \o CjvS-s∏-´-

hsc \o t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-∂-X√. (28:56). t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°¬ (lnZm-bØv)A√m-lp-hns‚ ]hr-Øn-bm-sW∂pw, Ah≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-h-sc-bm-bn-cn°pw Ah≥

2650





t\¿am¿K-Øn-em-°p-∂-sX-∂p-ap≈ hkvXpX A√mlp Izp¿-B-\n¬ Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®p ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xm-Ip∂p. F∂m¬, bp‡-amb am\-Z-WvU-sam-∂p-an-√msXIptd Bfp-Isf t\¿am¿K-Ønepw, Iptd Bfp-Isf Zp¿am¿K-Øn-ep-ambn \n›-bn-°p-sa-∂√ CXns‚ A¿Yw. Bscm-s°-bmWv t\¿am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°msX ]ng-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-h¿, Bscm-s°-bmWv t\¿am¿Kw ]m]n-°p-∂-h¿ Fs∂ms° Ah\v \√-Xv-t]mse Adnbmw. AYhm Ah-\mWv AXv Adn-bpI. Cu Adn-hns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw AXv F∂sX Ah-km-\-hmIyw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂Xv.

[126] \nßƒ ]Xn-Im-c-\-S-]SnFSp-°p-∂-]£w, \nß-tfmSv FSp-°-s∏-´-Xv -t]m-se-bp≈ \S-]-Sn -sIm≠v (Atßm´pw) ]Xn-Imc \S-]Sn FSp-Øp-sIm-≈p-hn≥. \nßƒ£an -®p -sh-¶n -em -Is´, AXv(B)£an-°p-∂-h¿°v IqSp-X¬DØaw Xs∂-bm-WvXm\pw.

[127] (\_ntb) \o £an-®p-sIm-≈pI: \ns‚ £a A√m-lp-hn-s\-s°m-≠-√msX [A√m-lp-hns‚klmbw sIm≠-√msX D≠m-IpI]

C√-Xm\pw. Ah-cpsS t]cn¬ \ohyk-\n-°p-Ibpw sNø-cpXv. Ah¿(Ip) X¥w ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns\kw_-‘n®v \o sRcp-°-Øn¬(a\x-kvXm-]-Øn¬) Bbn-cn-°p-Ibpw AcpXv.

[128] \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp,kq£vaX ]men-®-h-cpsS-Iq-sS-bm-Ip∂p; bmsXmcp Iq´¿ (\njvI-f¶w) kpIrXw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cmtWm Ah-cpsS (IqsSbm-Ip∂p).

[126] \nßƒ ]Xn-Imc (in£m) \S-]Sn FSp-°p-∂-]£w

\nßƒ ]Xn-Imc \S-]Sn FSp-Øp-sIm-≈p-hn≥ bmsXm-∂p-t]m-se-bp-≈Xv

(Xpey-am-bXv) sIm≠v AXp-sIm≠v \nß-tfmSv ]Xn-Imc \S-]Sn FSp-°-

s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p \nßƒ £an-®p-sh-¶ntem AXv Xs∂ \√-XmWv,

IqSp-X¬ DØ-a-amWv £an-°p-∂-h¿°v [127] \o £an-°p-Ibpw

2651





sNøpI \ns‚ £a- A√ A√m-lp-hn-s\-s°m-≠-√msX

\o hyk-\n-°p-Ibpw sNø-cpXv Ah-sc-∏‰n, Ah-cpsS t]cn¬ \o

Bbn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNø-cpXv CSp° (sRcp°)Øn¬ Ah¿

X¥w ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v [128] \n›-b-ambpw A√mlp

IqsS-bm-Ip∂p kq£va-X-]m-en-®-h¿ bmsXm-cp-h-cp-sSbpw Ah¿

\≥a ]h¿Øn-°p∂ (kpIrXw sNøp∂) hcmWv, \njvI-f-¶-ambn sNøp-

∂-h-cmWv

kXy-am¿K-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-tºmƒ AXv kzoI-cn-°msX, AXn-s\-Xn-cn¬AI-ahpw, iXp-Xbpw, IpX-¥hpw, ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv A\p-h¿Øn-t°-≠p∂\b-sa-¥m-sW∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv. Ctßm v sNbvX-Xv -t]m-se-bp≈ AIaw AtXAf-hn¬ Atßm´pw ]tbm-Kn°mw. ]t£, ]Xn-Imc \S-]Sn FSp-°msX £abpwhn´p-ho-gvNbpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-XmWv IqSp-X¬ \√Xpw Ic-Wo-b-hp-am-bn- p-≈-Xpsa∂vD]-tZ-in-°p∂p. Cu XXzw ]e-t∏mgpw Izp¿-B≥ Bh¿Øn®p ]d-bm-dp-≈-XmWv.£a-ssI-s°m-≈p-I-bmWv IqSp-X¬ DØ-a-sa∂v s]mXp-hn¬ D]-tZ-in-®-tijw,\_n˜sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v AXv ]ns∂bpw H∂p-IqSn Du∂n-∏-d-™n-cn-°p∂p. £an-°p-∂-]£w A√m-lp-hns‚ klmbw e`n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v kqNn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. £Ww kzoI-cn-°msX Ahn-izm-k-Øn¬ Xs∂ Dd-®p-\n¬°p-∂-h-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ hyk-\-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-s√∂pw, Ah¿ AXn-s\-Xnsc Agn-®p-hn-Sp∂ IpX-¥-ßsf IcpXn a\xkvXm-]-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-s√∂pw \_n˜sb kam-iz-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

Ah-km-\-ambn, A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ kq£n-®p-t]m-cp∂ `b-`-‡≥am¿°pw, kpIr-X-ßƒ sNøp∂ \njvI-f-¶≥am¿°pw H∂pw `b-s∏-Sm-\n√˛A√mlp Ah-cpsS `mK-Øm-Wp-≈Xv. Ahs‚ klmbw Ah¿°v e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn√ F∂v ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-bhpw]oXnbpw e`n-°p∂ k¬`m-Ky-hm≥am-cn¬ A√mlp \sΩ-sb√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øs´Bao≥.

áæŸGh π° ØdG ∂dh ôµ°ûdGh ~ª◊G ∂d º¡∏dG

áæ°S ∑QÉÑŸG ¿É° eQ øe ô°ûY á©HGôdG ÚæK’G á∏«d ácQÉÑŸG IQƒ°ùdG √òg Ò°ùØJ ~jƒ°ùJ ≈¡àfG

iôN’G iOÉªL øe ådÉãdG ÚæK’G Ωƒj Iƒë°V É¡° ««ÑJ øeh Ω 1977/8/28 ≥aGƒŸG `g 1397

|≈f Ω `g Ω 1979/4/30 ≥aGƒŸG `g 1399 áæ°S

πëqædG IQƒ°S A≤ymbw 16 A∂lv ......`mKw 14 πëqædG IQƒ S A≤ymbw 16 A∂lv¬ Q Q ˜

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