Project Mgmt Final
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Transcript of Project Mgmt Final
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Concepts OfProjectManagementPresented by:
Sabrina Noronha
Mayuresh PatilLarissa MendesSudeep TateMichelle RemediousNaomi Rodricks
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OverviewConcepts of a project
Categories of a project
Project life cycle phases
Project management concepts
Tools & techniques for project management
The project manager
Basic educationRoles & responsibilities
As a profession
Summary
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Understanding A ProjectA physical asset variability in plantsAn objective with the on-goings during a
project
Project arises in a business setting fororganizations to grow for the sake ofsurvival
Ideas which are feasible technically,
economically, politically & sociallyacceptableA project lives between 2 cut-off points &
the time span is called as Project LifeCycle
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Project IsA combination of human and non-
human resources pooled together in atemporary organization to achieve aspecific purpose
- Project Management Institute, U.S.A.
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Project CharacteristicsA project is characterized as one big work
comprising of many small contribution ofpeople as well as process
No 2 projects are identical even if their lifecycles & phases are identical
Existence of a missionary zeal, unknownforce pushing forward people towards the
completionFeel of importance & contribution to a big
cause
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Characteristic FeaturesObjective
Life span
Single entity
Team work
Life cycle
Uniqueness
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Characteristic FeaturesChange
Successive principle
Made to order
Unity in diversity
High level of subcontracting
Risk & uncertainty
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Project Family TreePlan
National/ Corporate plan with targets for growth.
Programme
Health programme, educationalprogramme, Science & Technology
Project Power Plants, schools, hospitals, Housing
Work package Water/Power supply & distribution Package
Task
Award of water supply contract, construction offoundation
Activity
Excavation, laying of cable, preparation ofdrawings & specifications
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Categories OF a ProjectProject
National
IndustrialNon
Industrial
International
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Normal Projects:
Adequate Time is allotted for implementation ofproject, requiring minimum capital, and no
quality compromiseCrash projects:
Additional capital costs are incurred to gaintime, minimum compromise in terms of Quality
Disaster Projects:
Time is money so no additional costs incurringare too big, the project needs to be done even
at failure level Quality, work is done 24*7
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mich
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Project Life Cycle PhasesConception
phase
Definitionphase
Planning &Organizing
phase
Implementation phase
ProjectClean upphase
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Definition PhaseCement Plant: Raw materials
Plant size / capacity
Location & site
Technology / process selection
Project layout
Plant & Machinery
Electrical & instrumentation works
Civil engineering works
Utilities fuel, power & water
Manpower & organizational pattern
Financial analysis
Implementation schedule
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Project Life Cycle PhasesConception
phase
Definitionphase
Planning &Organizing
phase
Implementation phase
ProjectClean upphase
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Planning & Organizing Phase Project infrastructure & enabling services
System design & basic engineering package
Organization & manpower
Schedules & budgets
Licensing & governmental clearances
Finance
Systems & procedure
Identification of project manager
Design basis, general conditions for purchase & contracts
Site preparation & investigations
Construction resource & materials
Work packaging
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Project Life Cycle PhasesConception
phase
Definitionphase
Planning &Organizing
phase
Implementation phase
ProjectClean upphase
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Implementation Phase
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Project Life Cycle PhasesConception
phase
Definitionphase
Planning &Organizing
phase
Implementation phase
ProjectClean upphase
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nai
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Project Management ConceptsThe project management approach the
success of a project means: It must get completed
It must be completed within budget It must get completed within allocated time
It must performto satisfaction
For a project to be successful, it mustmeet these demands
The success however, can be achievedonly through people
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Steps In Project ManagementProject management approach consists
of the following 5 steps:
Grouping work in packages Entrusting the entire project to a single
responsibility centre project manager
Supporting & servicing the projectinternally & externally
Building up commitment
Ensuring adherence to goals
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Project Management v/sFunctional ManagementThe project management approach is
preferred to the functional managementapproach
This can be better appreciated, if weconsider the following 2 aspects of projectwork:
All work has inter-dependence & inter-relationshipwith others
The work & the inter-relationship are liable tochange
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Structuring of responsibilities based onspecialization would not meet the basicrequirements of a project
The first need for fast work is grouping &
generalization of work & not extremespecialization & too much division of work
Then follows, the need for trade off-acceptinglesser than the best, in one or more areas, foran overall benefit
In the name of functional specialization, thetotality of work is often lost sight of
A work is done better if it is taken up as awhole & assigned to one responsibility centre
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Project management, like functionalmanagement, will require getting thingsdone through people but, with a little
difference In project management, the work gets
done mostly through lateral & diagonalcontacts
The hierarchical protocol is almost non-existentMany may also not like to projectize their
outlook. i.e. look all the time at the future
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lasa
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Techniques in Project Management Project selection technique
Cost benefit analysis
Risk and sensitivity analysis
Project execution planning techniqueWork breakdown structure (WBS)Project responsibility matrix
Project management manual
Project scheduling and coordinating techniquesBar charts
Life cycle curves
Line of Balance (LOB)
Networking techniques (PERT/CPM)
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Techniques in Project Management Project monitoring and progressing techniquesProgress measurement technique (PROMPT)Performance monitoring technique (PERMIT)Updating, reviewing and reporting technique
(URT) Project cost and productivity control techniquesProductivity budgeting techniqueValue engineering (VE)
COST/WBS Project communication and clean-uptechniquesControl roomComputerized information systems
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Project Management TaskPerformance
Productivity
Time
Cost
Start of work Completion of work
Externalinfluenceson work
Externalinfluenceson work
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Importance of ComputerisedProject ManagementProjects include a high degree of
volume, variety and complexity of
informationInformation flow is the key to success
Computers help in simplifying data
without compromising on accuracy
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Important Aspects ofProject ManagementAll work is interdependent and inter-
related, therefore everyone must workhand-in-hand towards a group goal
Must be team spirit, resources need to bediverted to whoever needs it most
Flexibility in relationship and adaptability
to change is essential for survival
Computers can provide aid but ultimatelythings will depend on human wisdom
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sab
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Management System LoopInformation Network
Reports
Reports
Directions
Directions
Computer
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Myths or Facts?! ?Success or failure of a project depends
on the project manager
Project managers are a special breed ofmanagers
In a project everything is unknown anduncertain
Those who are successful have adegree in project management
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Roles and Responsibilities of aProject ManagerDefining and maintaining the integrity of
a project
Development of project execution plan
Organization for execution of the plan
Setting targets and development ofsystems and procedures
Negotiation for commitments
Direction, co-ordination and control of
project activities
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Roles and Responsibilities of aProject ManagerContract management
Non-human resource managementincluding fiscal matters
Projecting and problem solving
Man management
Satisfaction of customer, Govt. and thepublic
Achievement of project objectives, cash
surplus and higher productivity
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Owner
PM
TurnkeyContractor-1
PM
TurnkeyContractor-2
PM
TurnkeyContractor-3
PM
WP Contract1
PM
WP Contract2
PM
WP Contract3
PM
Roles and Responsibilities of aProject Manager
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mayu
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Basic Education for ProjectManagerBasic degree in Engineering
But engineers usually do notconsider the cost & time factor
Hence a special educationrelated to project management
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Owner
PM
TurnkyContractor
1
PM
TurnkyContractor
3
PM
TurnkyContractor
2
PM
W.P.Contract 3
PM
W.P.Contract 2
PM
W.P.Contract 1
PM
Responsibility of a Project Manager
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Roles & Responsibilities of ProjectManagerDefining & maintaining theintegrity of the project
Developing of projectexecution plan
Organization for execution ofthe plan
Setting of targets
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Roles & Responsibilities of ProjectManagerNegotiation for commitments
Direction, coordination & control ofproject activities
Contract management
Non-human resource managementincluding fiscal matters
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Roles & Responsibilities of ProjectManagerProjectising & problem-solving
Man management
Satisfaction of customer,
Government and the public
Achievement of project objectives,cash surplus & higher productivity
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Projects aresuccessful due to thesynergy of allinvolved, not becauseof the energy of aSuperman