Prof. dr. sc . Ivan Markežić [email protected]
description
Transcript of Prof. dr. sc . Ivan Markežić [email protected]
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МУЛТИРАТЕРАЦИЈА КАКО ТЕХНИКА НАКОНТРОЛА НА ВОЗДУШНИОТ СООБРАЌАЈ
MULTILATERATION AS SURVEILLANCE CHOICE
Prof. dr. sc. Ivan Markežić[email protected]
Универзитет „Св. Климент Охридски“Технички Факултет – БИТОЛА
MULTILATERACIJA KAO TEHNIKA KONTROLE ZRAČNOG PROMETA
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Content
Air Traffic Surveillance – Techniques and Technologies
Multilateration System Description
Multilateration in an ECAC Context
Conclusion
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”In The Beginning”
atc6.AV
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Air Traffic Surveillance – Techniques and Technologies
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Principle of Multilateration
Air Traffic Surveillance – Techniques and Technologies
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• Surveillance strategy:
Air Traffic Surveillance – Techniques and Technologies
- mutually interoperable and compatible technologies
MSSR/SSR Mode S
ADS-B
Multilateration, WAM
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• Principle of Multilateration
MLT System Description
multilat_princip.avi
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• Principle of Multilateration
MLT System Description
Co-operative Independent Surveillance
- a number of antennas receive a signal from an aircraft
- central processing unit calculates the aircraft’s position from the time
difference of arrival (TDOA) of the signal at the different receivers
- the TDOA between two antennas corresponds with a hyperboloid, a
2D surface in a 3D space
- at least four antennas are required for a 3D position calculation
- if altitude is known already, three antennas are sufficient
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• Active and Passive WAM System
MLT System Description
Passive WAM Systems
No transmitter means:
- No transmitter license- No 1030 spectrum usage- No increase to 1030/1090 SSR environment (FRUIT)
Aircraft detection requires:
- The aircraft is Mode S equipped or- The aircraft is within existing MSSR coverage
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• Active and Passive WAM System
MLT System Description
Active WAM Systems
Independent of existing infrastructure- Improved detection of Mode A/C only aircraft
Simpler and cheaper than MSSR interrogator- Fixed antenna- Low power interrogation option
Suitable for Mode S Surveillance
Care must be taken not to generate excess 1030/1090MHz FRUIT
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• WAM performance
MLT System Description
Multilateration and Wide Area Multilateration
Multilateration- Independent cooperative surveillance
Surface Multilateration- Tracks aircraft on the surface- Uses 2D algorithms
Wide Area Multilateration- Tracks aircraft in flight- Uses 3D algorithms
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• WAM performance (en route application)
MLT System Description
A 5 receiver WAM system with a 60nm baseline gives:- Higher accuracy than MSSR- Reduced range due to horizon effect
WAM MSSR
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• WAM performance (en route application)
MLT System Description
A 9 receiver WAM system with a 60nm baseline gives:- Higher accuracy than MSSR- Similar range to MSSR
Horizon effect (WAM horizon is the horizon of multiple sites)
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• WAM performance (TMA application)
MLT System Description
Coverage at 3000ft :- Larger baselines give better accuracy
Shorter baselines give better low level coverage
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• Impact on existing ATM operations
MLT System Description
There is no negative impact on existing ATM operations
- WAM systems can easily be integrated into current ATM architectures- WAM systems can exceed the performance of existing surveillance sensors
- There need be no difference in the information presented to the controller
WAM systems could provide benefits to ATM operations in the future
- WAM systems are capable of higher accuracies than current sensors - WAM systems are capable of higher update rates than current sensors - WAM systems can measure geometric height in addition to receiving pressure altitude
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• Eurocontrol is promoting WAM technology for ATC surveillance: (relatively low cost and good performance)
Multilateration in an ECAC Context
2005
Figure 2. Ground based surveillance infrastructure for En-Route and TMA
2010 2015 2020
ADS-B ground receiversusing 1090 Extended Squitter or another datalink
Primary Surveillance Radar
SSR or SSR Mode S infrastructure
Wide Area Multilaterationusing 1090 MHz (Squitters) or another datalink
Surveillance Data Processing and Distribution
Independent surveillance for non co-operative targets where and when required
Aircraft Derived Data (ADD) delivery to the ground users
TIS-B Services
Ground basedPosition calculation
To provide supplementary information to the aircrew
Purpose / Applications:
Ground based surveillance infrastructure for En-Route and TMA
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Multilateration in an ECAC Context
Surveillance Strategy at the Aerodrome
2005 2010 2015 2020
Figure 4. Surveillance Strategy at the Aerodrome
(Airport) Multilateration and/or ADS-Busing 1090 MHz (Extended Squitter) or another data link
Surface Movement (Primary) Radar
TIS-B Services
(Airport) Multilateration and/or ADS-Busing 1090 MHZ (Extended Squitter) or another data link
Surveillance Data Processing and Distribution
A-SMGCS level I and II (including Package 1ADS-B-APT)
A-SMGCS level III and IV (including Package 1ATSA-SURF)
Purpose / Applications:
ADS-B/WAM Combination - future surveillance scenario (!?)
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All current WAM systems are based on 1090 MHz technology because: wide availability of the technology as part of the airborne infrastructure The properties of these signals for use in a WAM system (aircraft identification and accurate TDOA measurements)
Conclusion
Ref.: The ATM Surveillance Strategy for ECAC, 2.2, ed. date 07/04/2008.http://www.eurocontrol.int/surveillance/gallery/content/public/documents/WAM_study_report_1_1.pdf
WAM systems are potentially capable of significantly higher accuracies than an equivalent radar service:
a five receiver WAM system has a higher accuracy than MSSR (both an en-route and terminal ) The range is lower due to the horizon of multiple receivers A comparable range can be achieved by adding in additional receivers
En-route WAM systems can also provide accurate height measurement information
Provide ADS-B data in addition to independent position
Do not require additional avionics
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ВИ БЛАГОДАРАМ НА ВНИМАНИЕТО
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