Présentation on Power of Exécutives
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Transcript of Présentation on Power of Exécutives
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Prsentation on Power of
Excutives
Presented BY:-
Nitin PareekB.A.LLB
Roll no. 53
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Introduction
executive, one who carries out the will or plan of
another person or of a group. In government, the
term refers not only to the chief administrative
officer but to all others who execute the laws and
to them as a group. In modern government, the
executive also formulates and carries out
governmental policies, directs relations with
foreign governments, commands the armed
forces, approves or disapproves legislative acts,recommends legislation, and in some countries
summons and opens the legislature, appoints and
dismisses some executive officials, and pardons
any but those impeached.
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Bodies of excutives in India
1. Prsident of India
2. Vice prsident of India
3. Gouverner of state
4. Council of ministres
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About Prsident of India
According to the Indian Constitution the
President of India is elected by the electoral
college. The electoral college consists of themembers of both the Houses of Parliament
namely Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. The
Legislatures of the constituent states also play
an important role in electing the President of
India. Being elected for a term of 5 years, the
President of the country heads the State and
Supreme Commander of the Defense Forces
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President has the highest rank in the
Executive Branch of Indian Government. The
President of India is the ultimate authority
who signs the bills of Parliament prior to the
passing of the same. Also, every year the first
session of the Parliament is addressed by the
President of the nation
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Powers of President1.Executive power
He appoints the Prime Ministerwho enjoys
the support of the majority in the LokSabha
The President makes important
appointments. He appoints Governors of
States, Chief Justice, judges of the
Supreme Court and the High Courts,
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2.Judicial power The President of India can grant pardon or
reduce the sentence of a convicted person. If
he considers that a question of law or a
matter of public importance has arisen, he can
ask for the advisory opinion of the Supreme
Court
He may or may not accept that opinion
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Attorney General, Comptroller and Auditor
General, Chief Election Commissioner and
other Election Commissioners, Chairman and
Members of the Union Public Service
Commission
He can declare war, make peace and conclude
treaties with other countries
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Legislative power The President summons the sessions of both
houses of the Parliament and prorogues them.
He can even dissolve the Lok Sabha
His address on these occasions is generally
meant to outline the new policies of the
government
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A bill that the Parliament has passed, can
become a law only after the President gives
his assent to it
When the Parliament is not in session and
the government considers it necessary to have
a law, then the President can promulgate
ordinances
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Emergency powerThe President can declare three types of
emergencies:
National emergency
State emergency
Financial emergency
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Vice President of India The Vice-President of India is second behind
the president in the Executive branch of
the Government of India
The current Vice-President of India is
Mr. Hamid Ansari
The Vice-President takes over from the
President when the President
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dies in office
is impeached from office
resigns from office
is too ill to continue in office
The term of office of the Vice-President is five
years. It may terminate earlier by resignationor removal
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He may be removed by a resolution of
the Rajya Sabha passed by a majority of its
members & agreed to by the House of the
People
The Vice-President gets salary as the ex-officio
Chairman ofRajya Sabha
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Functions of vice-president Performing as the Chairman of Rajya Sabha Functioning as the Presiding Officer in either
or both the Houses of Parliament
Functioning as the Acting President of India
under such circumstances as death,
resignation or removal of the actual President
Offering consultation regarding various
policies of the states of India
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Governor
India has 28 states within its territory. The
Constitution of India states that each and every state
of the nation should have a Governor. The governor
of every state enjoys the executive powers. ThePresident of India appoints the Governor for each of
the state of the country. The Prime Minister, along
with other members of the Council of Minsters,
provides assistance to the Governor
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Governor powers Executive powers related to administration,
appointments and removals,
Legislative powers related to lawmaking and
the state legislature, that is Vidhan
Sabha or Vidhan Parishad,
Discretionary powers to be carried out
according to the discretion of the Governor
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Role of governor There shall be a Governor for each state
(Articles 153 of the Constitution of India)
The executive power of the State shall bevested in the Governor and shall be exercised
by him either directly or through officers
subordinate to him in accordance with the
Constitution of India (Article 154)
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The Governor of a State shall be appointed by
the President by warrant under his hand and
seal (Article 155)
A person to be eligible for appointment as
Governor should be citizen of India and has
completed age of 35 years (Article 157)
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The Governor shall not be a member of the
Legislature or Parliament; shall not hold any
office of profit, shall be entitled to
emoluments and allowances. (Article 158)
Every Governor and every person discharging
the function of the Governor shall make a
subscribe an oath or Affirmation(Article 159)
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Council of ministers There is a Council of Ministers headed by the
Prime Minister to aid and advise the President
in exercise of his functions. The Prime Minister
is appointed by the President, who also
appoints other ministers on the advice of
Prime Minister. The Council is collectively
responsible to the Lok Sabha
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In fact the Council of ministers is the holder of
the real powers in Indian government and the
leader of the majority party in the legislature
is appointed as the Prime Minister. Article
75(1) state that "the Prime Minister shall beappointed by the President and the other
Ministers shall be appointed by the President
on the advice of the Prime Minister
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The Council of Ministers in India comprisesthree different categories that include the
Union Cabinet Ministers, Minister of state and
Deputy Ministers. The Indian Constitution
does not mention anything about the Cabinet
Ministers except in Article 352 where Cabinet
is defined as the Council consisting of
Ministers of Cabinet rank
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Functions are:- The council of ministers are mainly to aid and
advise the President in the exercise of his
functions
It is also saddled with the responsibility of
formulating internal and foreign policies
And prosperity of the country depends largely
on the policy formulated by the Ministry
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The Ministry also plays a key role in
determining the economic activity of the
state. Currency, banking, commerce, trade,
insurance and formulation and
implementation of other plans are regulated
and controlled by the Ministry as well
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Thank you