Presentation By

Dr.Muhammad SalimSite Incharge

Underground Coal Gasification, Project Thar

•

UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATIONPROJECT THAR

1. The project is based on an insitu technique to recover the fuel or feedstock value of coal, thatis not economically available through conventional technologies.

2. Lignite is a low rank coal and most suited to UCG technique.

3. UCG promises lower capital/operating costs and also has other advantages such as no human labour underground.

4.We in Pakistan are blessed with this resource in Thar Coal Field located in the eastern part of Tharparkar Desert, Sindh.

5.Reasonably assured reserves of 175 billion tons of Lignite Coal are available at Thar alone.

6.Coal reserves are known for the last twenty years but unexploited, these lie 120 to 180 meters below the surface.

7. Now the energy security scenario in the country has aroused interest in the utilization of this big coal reserve.

8. How significant this fossil fuel is, can be adjudged from the share of coal in the production of electricity in the world.

No Source % No Source %1 Coal Based 41.61 4 Nuclear 13.752 Oil Based 5.63 5 Hydro Power 15.573 Gas Based 20.87 6 Others 2.25

Total Power Generation of World

No Source % No Source %1 Coal Based 54.6 4 Hydro Power 22.82 Gas Based 13.0 5 Nuclear 2.93 Oil Based 0.9 6 Others 7.9

Total Generation capacity of IndiaTotal Generation capacity of India

Total Generation capacity of Pakistan

Cost of Electricity

Comparison of Investment & Cost

ItemSurface

gasificationUnderground

coal gasification

Construction Investment

4500—6000（ Rs. / m3 ）

1500—2000（ Rs. / m3 ）

Gas cost5.0—8.0

（ Rs. / m3 ）2.0—3.5

（ Rs. / m3 ）

Temperature 200-550oC Temperature 550-900oC Temperature more than 900oC

Drying & Pyrolysis Zone Reduction Zone Oxidation Zone

Coal CH4 + H2O

CO + CO2

H2 + C

Hydrocarbons

C + H2O CO + H2

CO2 + C 2CO

CO + H2O CO2 + H2

CO + 2H2 CH4

C + O2 CO2

C +1/2 O2 CO

CO +1/2O2 CO2

Coal + O2 CO2 + CO + H2O

Schematic of the processes involved in UCG

Air, Oxygen & Steam Product Gases ( CO, CO2, H2, CH4, N2 , Steam & Tar

Total Moisture (A R) 39.27%Immane Water 11.09%

Ash Content (A R) 10.97%Volatile matter 47.64%

Fixed Carbon (AR) 30.14%Total Sulphur 0.72%

Heating Value 4937 BTU/Nm³

COMPOSITION OF LIGNITE COALBLOCK-V

Syngas H2 O2 N2 CH4 CO CO2 HVBy Air %

16 0.2 58 3.5 5 17.5 945Kcal/Nm³

By 60% Oxygen

30 0.0 30 4 15 21 1710Kcal/Nm³

EXPECTED SYNGAS COMPOSITION

Generation of 100 M Watts through underground coal gasification

Total project cost US $ = 115.6 million

( Rs. 9883.6 million)

Total funds received US $ = 9.10million

( Rs. 789.0 million)

Funds allocated in PSDP 2011 – 2012

US $ = 12.51 million

( Rs. 1095.0 million)

First release of fund & commencement

of the project = 28 April, 2010

Project Milestoneb. Main Machinery ( All purchases under Sindh PPRA rules )

S. No. Description Date Status

1 Air compressor

( process)

15 – 8 – 2010 Expected delivery (15 –1– 2011)

Not delivered

2 Air compressor

( Process) placed to the second lowest for Hitachi Compressor after negotiation at the lowest cost. Expected date of delivery -- Third Week of April 2011..

18 – 2 – 2010 (Expected date of Delivery Third Week of April 2011..)

These machines have been delayed by the supplier. Now the expected date of delivery is Feb. 2012.

3. Air compressor (Startup)

15 – 12 - 2010 Expected delivery

(15 – 4 – 2011 )

These machines were delayed by the manufacturers due to modifications necessitated by the hot weather at Thar. They have been delivered in August.

Project Milestone

S. No.

Description Date Status

1 Land Acquisition 2 – 7 - 2010Acquired about 27 acres

2 Residential Colony 17 – 7 - 201090 % complete ( 39,312 sq. ft )

3

Technical Plant, workshop, stores, laboratory, compressor station, power station, control room and admin block.

1 – 11 - 201060 % complete( 27,756 sq. ft. )

a. CIVIL WORK

Civil Works done for surface piping•Brick Masonry = 6800 cft•Lean Concrete 1:4:8 = 1020 cft•Concrete 1:2:4 = 512 cft •Steel fixing = 1 Ton

Material used for Civil Works•Bricks = 90,000 no.•Cement = 700 bags•Sand = 5000 cft•Crush = 2000 cft •Steel = 01 Ton

Others works •Installation of High Pressure compressor

•Installation of 2 Nos. fuel Tanks 19000 liter capacity each.

•Installation of Cooling Towers.

•Installation of 100 KVA Generator at residential colony.

•Installation R. O. Plant for residential colony.

•Installation of Saline water tube well.

•Installation of Pumping wells.

SITE April, 2010

Drilling Rigs in Operation

Drilling and Casing of Gas Wells

Welding of Surface Piping

Surface piping installation

Surface Piping

Surface Piping for Gasifier

Well Head Assembly

Well Head Assembly

Diesel Generators

High Pressure Compressors

June, 2010COLONY

June, 2010COLONY

COLONY April, 2011

COLONY April, 2011