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Unit 45Unit 45Metal FramingMetal Framing

Industry and Code Regulations • Light-gauge Steel Framing Members • Fasteners • Framing Tools • Metal Framing Safety • Light-gauge Steel Construction Methods •

Structural Steel Framing • Building Envelope and Insulation

Industry and Code Regulations • Light-gauge Steel Framing Members • Fasteners • Framing Tools • Metal Framing Safety • Light-gauge Steel Construction Methods •

Structural Steel Framing • Building Envelope and Insulation

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The use of light-gauge steel framing continues to increase in residential and commercial construction.The use of light-gauge steel framing continues to increase in residential and commercial construction.

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C-shapes, tracks, U-channels, and furring channels are the most common light-gauge steel framing member shapes.

C-shapes, tracks, U-channels, and furring channels are the most common light-gauge steel framing member shapes.

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Light-gauge steel thickness is expressed as gauge, mils, and millimeters.Light-gauge steel thickness is expressed as gauge, mils, and millimeters.

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The Right S-T-U-F system identifies the web depth, shape, flange width, and steel thickness.The Right S-T-U-F system identifies the web depth, shape, flange width, and steel thickness.

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Self-drilling and self-piercing screws are used to connect light-gauge steel members.

Self-drilling and self-piercing screws are used to connect light-gauge steel members.

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A variety of screw head types are available for metal framing operations. Pan, hex washer, and pancake heads are commonly used for light-gauge steel framing operations.

A variety of screw head types are available for metal framing operations. Pan, hex washer, and pancake heads are commonly used for light-gauge steel framing operations.

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No. 8 screws are used most often as light-gauge steel fasteners.

No. 8 screws are used most often as light-gauge steel fasteners.

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Drive pins are held in place by the compressive force of metal framing members.

Drive pins are held in place by the compressive force of metal framing members.

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Welding must be performed by a certified welder.Welding must be performed by a certified welder.

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Spot clinching is a method for joining two metal framing members and provides a strong connection.Spot clinching is a method for joining two metal framing members and provides a strong connection.

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A drywall screwdriver is commonly used in metal framing operations.

A drywall screwdriver is commonly used in metal framing operations.

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Pneumatic steel framing tools are used to install drive pins.

Pneumatic steel framing tools are used to install drive pins.

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When attaching wood to steel, a pin must be driven so its head is flush with the surface of the wood.When attaching wood to steel, a pin must be driven so its head is flush with the surface of the wood.

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An abrasive cutoff saw is used to cut heavy-gauge framing members.

An abrasive cutoff saw is used to cut heavy-gauge framing members.

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Power shears can cut metal up to a thickness of 68 mils.

Power shears can cut metal up to a thickness of 68 mils.

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Plasma arc cutting is commonly used when prefabricating metal-framed panels in a shop.Plasma arc cutting is commonly used when prefabricating metal-framed panels in a shop.

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A locking C-clamp secures metal framing members tightly together while they are being fastened.

A locking C-clamp secures metal framing members tightly together while they are being fastened.

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Joist thickness and size are determined by the live and dead loads the floor must support and its unsupported span.

Joist thickness and size are determined by the live and dead loads the floor must support and its unsupported span.

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The main components of a metal-framed floor unit are the joists, rim track, cross bridging, and blocking. Ensure framing components are installed in the same direction so cutouts align to allow easy installation of utilities.

The main components of a metal-framed floor unit are the joists, rim track, cross bridging, and blocking. Ensure framing components are installed in the same direction so cutouts align to allow easy installation of utilities.

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Holddowns tie the wall studs and track together and fasten the assembly to the foundation.

Holddowns tie the wall studs and track together and fasten the assembly to the foundation.

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Similar to wood-framed floor openings, additional support must be provided around floor openings in metal-framed buildings.

Similar to wood-framed floor openings, additional support must be provided around floor openings in metal-framed buildings.

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In-line framing requires that the joists, studs, and roof rafters be in a direct line ± 3/4″.

In-line framing requires that the joists, studs, and roof rafters be in a direct line ± 3/4″.

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Studs fit into the top and bottom tracks and are secured with one #8 screw in each flange. Studs should be oriented the same way to ensure utility cutouts align properly.

Studs fit into the top and bottom tracks and are secured with one #8 screw in each flange. Studs should be oriented the same way to ensure utility cutouts align properly.

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The bottom track of a wall is secured to the foundation with anchor bolts. Bottom tracks must be reinforced to ensure a proper connection.

The bottom track of a wall is secured to the foundation with anchor bolts. Bottom tracks must be reinforced to ensure a proper connection.

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The main components of an exterior wall placed over the floor unit include top and bottom tracks, studs, diagonal tension straps, horizontal bracing, strap stud bracing, and corner posts.

The main components of an exterior wall placed over the floor unit include top and bottom tracks, studs, diagonal tension straps, horizontal bracing, strap stud bracing, and corner posts.

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Reinforced headers are required in load-bearing walls. Box beam, back-to-back, or L-headers may be used.Reinforced headers are required in load-bearing walls. Box beam, back-to-back, or L-headers may be used.

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An inside corner post provides support for interior wall finish materials.An inside corner post provides support for interior wall finish materials.

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A short piece of stud material is commonly used to splice tracks.

A short piece of stud material is commonly used to splice tracks.

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After a wall has been framed and squared, it is raised into position. Temporary diagonal bracing remains in place until structural sheathing is fastened to the wall.

After a wall has been framed and squared, it is raised into position. Temporary diagonal bracing remains in place until structural sheathing is fastened to the wall.

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A continuous strap beneath the joists and solid bridging 12′ OC are attached to the ceiling joists to provide rigidity.

A continuous strap beneath the joists and solid bridging 12′ OC are attached to the ceiling joists to provide rigidity.

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When joists are lapped over a load-bearing wall, studs should be placed directly below the lapped ends. A bearing stiffener provides additional support.

When joists are lapped over a load-bearing wall, studs should be placed directly below the lapped ends. A bearing stiffener provides additional support.

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Where a wall below runs parallel with the joists, blocking is placed a maximum of 48″ OC between the joists for fastening the tops of the wall to the ceiling.

Where a wall below runs parallel with the joists, blocking is placed a maximum of 48″ OC between the joists for fastening the tops of the wall to the ceiling.

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A light-gauge steel roof framework requires considerable bracing.

A light-gauge steel roof framework requires considerable bracing.

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Light-gauge steel trusses are very frequently installed over steel-framed walls.Light-gauge steel trusses are very frequently installed over steel-framed walls.

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Light-gauge steel trusses are commonly prefabricated in a shop.

Light-gauge steel trusses are commonly prefabricated in a shop.

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Seismic and hurricane ties should be used to tie metal-framed walls to metal trusses in areas prone to earthquakes and severe winds.

Seismic and hurricane ties should be used to tie metal-framed walls to metal trusses in areas prone to earthquakes and severe winds.

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Structural steel framing is on the increase for residential and light-commercial buildings. Large open spaces can be created within a structure.

Structural steel framing is on the increase for residential and light-commercial buildings. Large open spaces can be created within a structure.

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Bolted connections are commonly used for structural steel framing.Bolted connections are commonly used for structural steel framing.

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Spaces between structural steel framing members are filled with heavy-gauge steel framing members spaced 16″ to 24″ OC.

Spaces between structural steel framing members are filled with heavy-gauge steel framing members spaced 16″ to 24″ OC.

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Window and door openings are framed with wood or heavy-gauge steel framing members.

Window and door openings are framed with wood or heavy-gauge steel framing members.

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Oriented strand board or plywood is typically used as wall sheathing on steel-framed buildings.

Oriented strand board or plywood is typically used as wall sheathing on steel-framed buildings.

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When installing a brick veneer wall, the wall ties are fastened to the sheathing and metal studs and embedded in the mortar between bricks.

When installing a brick veneer wall, the wall ties are fastened to the sheathing and metal studs and embedded in the mortar between bricks.

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Exterior insulation and finish systems are commonly installed over metal-framed buildings.

Exterior insulation and finish systems are commonly installed over metal-framed buildings.

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Insulation for steel-framed buildings can be rigid foam insulation, fiberglass blankets or batts, or a combination of both.

Insulation for steel-framed buildings can be rigid foam insulation, fiberglass blankets or batts, or a combination of both.