Music of the Renaissance (1450-1600). Renaissance means “Rebirth”
Power Point 10 Music in the Renaissance Part V
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Transcript of Power Point 10 Music in the Renaissance Part V
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Music in the Renaissance Era
1420-1600
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Part V: Instrumental Music in the 1500s
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Treatises• practical– in vernacular for amateur or pro
Michael Praetorius:Syntagma musicum
Sebastian Virdung:Musica getutscht
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Instrumental Families
• 1500s– 1st lasting tradition of
written, polyphonic instrumental music
– composers didn’t specify instruments
– consort—ensemble from same family
– listen to many of the instruments in this unit on the following link:• Medieval and Renaissanc
e Instruments
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wind and percussion
• new instruments:
• many of the same instruments from the Middle Ages, including recorders, transverse flute, shawms, cornets, trumpets
sackbut crumhorn
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plucked strings
Spanish vihuelalute: most popular household instrument
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bowed strings
• viol/viola da gamba: tuned in 4ths (3rd in middle); frets
• violin—bowed, fretless, 5ths
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clavichordpractice instrumentextremely quietsmall dynamic changesstrings activated by small metal rods (tangents)limited range (compass)
harpsichord (virginal, clavecin, clavicembalo)key moves plectrum that plucks a metal stringsolo instrumentensemble instrumentreplaced lute as common domestic instrumentkeyboard registers—sets of strings
organeach rank of pipes contains all the notes of the keyboardstops—knob or lever controlling a rank of pipes2, 3, or more manuals (keyboards), pedal boardby end of Baroque, organs in many churchescontinuo instrument in sacred musicsmaller organs in homes
composers often did not specify which instruments to use
KEYBOARD INSTRUMENTS
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•stylized• for playing or listening• for solo lute or keyboard
basse danse (low dance)—stately couples dance
branle gay—lively, triple time dance pairs—slow then fast (e.g. pavane and galliard )
Instrumental Dance Music
•functional• for dancing
• each dance has its own meter, tempo, rhythmic pattern, and form
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•intabulations—lute and keyboard arrangements of vocal music• Luis de Narváez
• arrangement of Mille regretz, originally by Josquin•organists improvised/composed works based on melodies•organists played traditionally vocal parts of the mass•instrumentalists played polyphonic vocal works with singers or with other instruments•variations• theme with an uninterrupted series of variants on that theme• composed by English virginalists (keyboard composers):
Instrumental Music Based on Vocal Music
William Byrd Pavana Lachrymae
John Bull Orlando Gibbons
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•organist•fantasia, ricercar, toccata, partita• improvisatory• virtuoso figuration• contrasting passages w/counterpoint or sustained chords• through-composed• Toccata no. 3• Ricercare from Fiori Musicali
Astract Instrumental Works in ItalyGiovanni and Andrea Gabrieli
•Girolamo Frescobaldi—(1583-1643)
•Both Gabrielis:• (polychoral motets)• works for groups of instruments• Giovanni Gabrieli:
• Canzon septimi toni a 8, from Sacrae symphoniae (ensemble canzona)
• In Excelsiis (Sacred Concerto)•Giovanni:• sonata—work to be played on 1 or more
instruments• designated instruments and dynamics
St. Mark’s (Basilica San Marco) in Venice