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Authority & Power

Leadership Styles

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Power

Authority: Power that people accept asrightly exercised over them; also calledlegitimate power.

Coercion: Power that people do not acceptas rightly exercised over them; also called

illegitimate power.

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Traditional Power/Authority

Traditional Authority is based on custom.

Birth right of kings

Gender

Roles

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Rational-Legal Power/Authority

Rational-Legal Authority is based on writtenrules.

Constitution

Corporate charter

Contracts

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Charismatic Power/Authority

Charismatic Authority is based on anindividuals outstanding traits, whichattract followers.

From God

From Nature

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Power

Power refers to all the means by whichindividuals, groups, or institutions canexert controlling influence over others.

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Reward Power

Is the potential to provide a desiredbenefit: (Lauffer, 1984, p 159)

Salary increase

Promotion

Days off

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Coercive Power

Derives from the ability to withholdrewards or to apply negative sanctions(Lauffer, 1984, p 160).

Legal sanctions

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Positional Power

Derives form ones place on a hierarchy(Lauffer, 1984, p 160).

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Expert Power

Derives from knowledge, technicalcompetence or skills which are presumedsuperior to those who are involved with

the exchange relationship (Lauffer, 1984,p 160).

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Referent Power

Is derived from personal relationships thatover time generate a feeling of trust whichpermit one to influenced the other

through give and take (Lauffer, 1984, p160).

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Leadership

Leadership is the process of influencingindividual and group behavior toward theattainment of organizational goals (French,

1998, p A-35). Leadership is the process of influencing other

people to meet their goals and maintain internalor group harmony (Henslin, 1999, p. 159).

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Leadership Styles

Autocratic Leadership: Leadership thatis based primarily on power, authority,and position.

Expert Leadership: Leadership that isbased primarily on knowledge andexpertise with little or no emphasis on

individual or group process.

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Leadership Styles

Process Specialist: Leadership that isbased primarily on the knowledge andexpertise in individual and group process

with little or no focus on expertise orknowledge in a specific content area.

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Leadership Styles

Collaborator: Leadership that is basedon and equal share of knowledge andexpertise of a subject area, and expertise

in individual and group process

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Leadership Styles

Catalytic: Leadership that is basedprimarily on the knowledge and expertisein individual and group process with no

focus on expertise or knowledge in aspecific content area.

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References

French, W. L. (1998). Human ResourcesManagement. Boston, MA, Houghton Mifflin.

Henslin, J. M. (1999). Sociology: A Down toEarth Approach. Needham Heights, MA, Allyn

and Bacon. Lauffer, A. (1984). Understanding Your Social

Agency. Newbury Park, California, Sage.