Potato production in Rwanda
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Transcript of Potato production in Rwanda
UBUHINZI BW’IBIRAYI MU RWANDA
(Potato production in Rwanda)
Ndacyayisenga Theophile, RAB,
Akarere k’Ubuhinzi k’Amajyaruguru Kadahenda 28/04/2016
Intangiriro
• Ibirayi ni igihingwa kimaze igihe kirekire gihingwa mu Rwanda kuko cyazanywe n’abakoloni b’Abadage mu ntangiriro
y’ikinyejana cya 20.
• Ni igihingwa kiri kumwanya wa kabiri mu kurwanya inzara mu Rwanda nyuma y’ibitoki.
• Ni igihingwa kiri mu by’ingenzi mu Rwanda MINAGRI ishyizemo imbaraga kubera ko cyera neza mu gihugu kandi kikaba kizanira amafaranga abanyarwanda.
Ubuhinzi bw’ibirayi mu Rwanda
- Ubuso buhingwaho ibirayi mu Rwanda ku mwaka:
100,000-150,000 (hegitari), Hakaba hakenewe
imbuto ingana na toni irihagati ya toni 250,000 t na
toni 325,000 t.
- Umusaruro w’ibirayi: 1,000,000-1,500,000 (toni)
- Umurumbuko w’ibirayi kuri hegitari : 10-15 (toni)
- Igihingwa ngandurarugo (125kg/umuntu1/umwaka)
kandi kinjiza n’amafaranga
- Igihingwa kera vuba (iminsi 100-120)
- Ihingwa gitanga umusaruro mwinshi ku buso buto
mu gihe gito (Urugero: 300kg/ari 1/amezi 3)
Ubuhinzi bw’Ibirayi mu Rwanda
• Umusaruro w’ibirayi mu Rwanda uracyari muto kumuhinzi (10toni/ha) ugereranyije n’uw’ ibihugu byateje imbere imihingire y’ibirayi (40toni/ha muri Africa y’Epfo)
• Umuhinzi wo Rwanda ashobora gukuba 2 umusaruro w’ibirayi abona ku mwaka aramutseyongereye umurumbuko wabyo kuri hegitari
Aho ibirayi bihingwa mu Rwanda
Ubushyuhe:
15-22oC
Imuzandengo
y’imvura: 1200
mm
Ubutumburuke:
1800 m-2400 m
Amoko y’ibirayi ahingwa mu Rwanda (Potato varieties in Rwanda)
Amoko
y’ibirayi
Ibiyaranga
Veg.C (dys)Umusarur
o(t/ha)
Umunsinziro
(dys)
Imyitwarire
kuri
kirabiranya
Imyitawrire
ku mvura
Sangema 110-120 25 100-120 Irihangana Ntiyihangana
Kinigi 120-135 25 120 Irihangana Irihangana
Kirundo 100-110 25 30-50 Ntiyihangan Irihangana
Mabondo 100-110 25 50-60 Irihangana Irihangana
Victoria 100-110 25 30-50 Irihangana Ntiyihangana
Cruza 120-130 25 20-30 Irihangana Irihangana
Gikungu 100-120 34 70 Ntiyihangana Irihangana
Kigega 100-120 39 70 Irihangana Irihangana
Mizero 100-120 40 60 Irihangana Irihangana
Impamvu zituma umurumbuko w’ibirayi uba
muto mu Rwanda (Yield gap drivers in Rwanda)
- Ubutaka bwagundutse;
- Uburyo bw’imihingire budahwitse;
- Kudakoresha amoko y’ibirayi afite ubushobozi bwo
kugira umurumbuko munini (ku kigereranyo cya 35
T/ha);
- Gukoresha imbuto mbi kandi akenshi zirwaye
ahanini Kirabiranya, Indwara y’imvura (Mildiou),
virusi cyangwa zangijwe n’ibyonnyi (ibishorobwa)
- Uburyo butanoze bwo kurwanya indwara bituma
zongera ubukana
Impamvu zituma umurumbuko w’ibirayi uba
muto mu Rwanda
- Abatubuzi b’imbuto/Abahinzi badakoresha byuzuyeinyongeramusaruro za ngombwa (Ifumbire y’imboreran’imvaruganda, imbuto z’indobanure, imiti) hamwen’ikoreshwa z’inyongeramusaruro zidahagije cyangwazitujuje ubuziranenge);
- Kutubahiriza ibipimo byemewe by’inyongeramusarurozikoreshwa bitewe ahanini no kutagira izihagije cg n’ubumenyi buke bw’abahinzi ;
-Kudakurikiza igihe k’isimburanya bihingwa (Ibihembweby’ihinga 4) bitewe n’ubuto bw’amasambu mu tureretweramo cyane ibirayi;
- Imbuto zitaboneka neza cyangwa se zitameze neza;
-Kutagira ubuhunikiro bwabugenewe ku bahinzi bato bigateraigihombo gituruka kukubora kw’imbuto ibitswe nabi.
Imihingire mibi
Imihingire myiza
Inkomoko y’imbuto ikoreshwa n’abahinzi
mu Rwanda
• Imbuto y’ibirayi itangwa• Mu buryo bugenzuwe na RAB : 10-15%
• Mu buryo butagenzuwe :85-90%.
• Mu buryo butagenzuwe (85-90%) • Hakoreshwa imbuto abahinzi bibikiye ubwabo,
• Imbuto bagenda bahanahana,
• Impano cyangwa ubundi buryo
• Imbuto zaguzwe ku masoko yegereye abahinzi
!?Izi mbuto akenshi ziba zitujuje ubuziranenge.
Ingamba zo kongera umusaruro w’ibirayi
mu Rwanda • Kongerera ubushobozi RAB kugira ngo imbuto ziva
mu bushakashatsi ziyongere ku byiciro byose
by’imbuto;
• Kongerera ubushobozi no gukangurira abahinzi
babishoboye kujya mu butubuzi bw’imbuto y’ibirayi
kandi ibi bakabikora neza kuri buri gihembwe
cy’ihinga;
• Gukangurira abatubuzi babishoboye cg
amakoperative abishoboye atubura ibirayi gushyiraho
green houses kugira ngo itubura rya minitubers
riziyongere;
Ingamba zo kongera umusaruro w’ibirayi mu
Rwanda
• Gushishikariza abahinzi kugira umuco wo gukorana n’abatubuzi b’imbuto nziza kugirango bagirane amasezerano ahamye yo kubatuburira imbuto izakenerwa buri gihembwe k’ihinga.
• Gukora ubuvugizi ku bigo by’imari kugirango bifashe abahinzi babyiyemeje kubona igishoro.
Umwanzuro
• “Turebye ukuntu umusaruro w’ibirayi
by’imbuto ufite isoko, Leta yonyine ntishobora
guhaza iryo soko, kubera iyo mpamvu
hakwiye kunozwa uburyo abikorera ku giti
cyabo bashishikarizwa kwinjira mu ituburwa
ry’imbuto y’ibanze.
• RAB izafasha abikorera ku giti cyabo muri
icyo gikorwa ibaha inkunga tekiniki ikenewe
no gukora ubuvugizi ku nkunga y’igishoro”.
Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge Humidtropics and the CGIAR Fund Donors
for their provision of core and project-specific funding without which this
research could not deliver results that eventually positively impact the lives
of millions of smallholder farmers in tropical Americas, Asia and Africa.
This presentation was made at a training workshop on Integrated Potato Crop
Management organized by International Potato Center (CIP) for Innovation
Platform (IP) members of Kadahenda, Rwanda.
Murakoze!Thank you!
Fore more information/Ibindi bisobanuro:
Email: [email protected]
Mob Tel: +250788613113 or +250728613113