Population

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0&feature=related

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:World_population.svg

Population density is the measure of the number per unit area. It is commonly represented as people per square mile. which is derived simply by dividing... total area population / land area in square miles

Kolkata, India

Rajasthan, India

Overpopulation is when there are too many people relative to available resources. Simple density is not the determinant.

World and Country Population Totals

Distribution and Structure: 3/4 of people live on 5% of earth's surface!

Total: 6.9 billion on planet as of September 27, 2011

Five most populous regions and countriesREGION POPULATION COUNTRY POPULATION

East Asia 1.6 billion China 1.3 billion South Asia 1.5 billion India 1.1 billion Europe 1 billion U.S. 300 million SE Asia 600 million Indonesia 250

million Canada 275 million Brazil 188 million

Human Population Growth

How many people will the planet eventually support?

The U.S. Census Bureau and the United Nations Statistics Division both agree that world population will level off somewhere between 9 and 11 billion people and then start to fall.

Rates of Natural Increase

Doubling Time• How long will it take for a population of a given area to double in size?• Doubling time assumes the population will grow at a given annual rate• Approximated by dividing the annual rate of population increase into 70

World = 50U.S. = 35MDC = 550LDC = 40Honduras = 22Denmark = 700Russia = never?

Example: Bangladesh70 / R.N.I. => 70/2.09 = 33.5 years

Bangladesh with a population of 144.3 million people in 2005 will have approximately 288.6million people in 2038, if the population continues to grow at current rates.

Source: National Geographic Magazine

Total Fertility Rate

Infant Mortality Rate – the number of deaths of children under the age of one per thousand live births. The rate ranges from as low as 3 (Singapore, Iceland) to as much as 150 (Sierra Leone, Afghanistan). The U.S. rate is just over 6. High infant mortality tends to result in higher fertility rates as families seek “insurance” for the loss of children.

World Death Rates Epidemiological Transition is the shift

from infectious to degenerative diseases that occurs with development.

Infectious diseases (developing world)– HIV/AIDS– SARS– Malaria– Cholera

Degenerative diseases (developed countries)– Obesity– Tobacco use

Life Expectancy

Rapid increase throughout world

Infant mortality rate declining in most countries

Antibiotics/immunization

Increasing standards of living

Life Expectancy

Demographic Transition Model- was highly predictive for most countries

Demographic Transition Model

Stage one (preindustrial/pre-agricultural)– Crude birth/death rate high– Fragile, but stable, population

Stage two (improved agriculture and medicine)– Lower death rates– Infant mortality rate falls– Natural increase very high

Stage three (attitudes change)– Indicative of richer developed countries– Higher standards of living/education– Crude birth rate finally falls

Stage four – Crude birth/death rates low– Population stable– Populations aging

Population pyramids are used to show information about the age and gender of people in a specific country.

Male Female

Population in millions

In this country

there is a high Birth

Rate

There is also a high

Death Rate.

This population pyramid is typical of countries in poorer parts of the

world (LEDCs.)

In some LEDCs the government is

encouraging couples to have smaller

families. This means the birth rate has

fallen.

Male Female

Population in millions

In this country the number of people in each age group is

about the same.

The largest category of

people were born about 40

years ago.

In this country there is a low Birth Rate and a low Death Rate.

This population pyramid is typical of countries in the richer parts of the

world (MEDCs.)

Population in millions

Male Female

In this country the birth rate is decreasing.

In the future the elderly people will

make up the largest section of the

population in this country.

This is happening more and more in

many of the world’s richer

countries.

Male Female

Population in thousands

This country has a large number of temporary

workers. These are people who migrate here

especially to find a job.

Population pyramid for Mozambique.

Population pyramid for Iceland.

What happens next?

What is going to happen to Japan’s population in the future?

Why does this matter?

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Exponential Growth

Pop

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Con

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Technology, Energy Consumption, and Environmental Impact

There has been a dramatic increase in:

• individual energy use over time: 3,000 kcal/person - 300,000 kcal/person

• the power of technology to change the environment: think stone axe versus bulldozer versus atomic bomb.

• The scope and severity of environmental impacts.

Demographics

characteristics of human populations and population segments

MOVEMENT

WHY DO WE MOVE?

PUSH FACTORS (things that would push us to leave the area)

Weather and Climate- Texas in August

Cost of living – a house in Cali costs $450,000

Personal Safety – WAR, plague, famine

Environmental Catastrophes – tsunami, earthquakes, hurricanes

Emigration/Emigrant

PULL FACTORS (things that would pull us want to an area)

availability of jobs

religious or political freedom

SafetyImmigration/Immigrant

Where do we move to?

Rural

UrbanMexico City Pop. 18,836,045

8th largest city in the World

The End