Politics Develops Politically 1824-1840. Election of 1824 There were 4 Republican candidates...
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Transcript of Politics Develops Politically 1824-1840. Election of 1824 There were 4 Republican candidates...
Politics Develops Politically1824-1840
Election of 1824
• There were 4 “Republican” candidates– Andrew Jackson --John Quincy Adams– William Crawford --Henry Clay
• No one won a majority so the House of Representatives chose the winner.
• Henry Clay was Speaker of the House, arranged for JQ Adams to be Prez., Clay became VP.
• Jackson had received the most votes, his supporters claimed a Corrupt Bargain had taken Prez away from him.
John Quincy Adams
• 1st President who was son of a president.
• Went to Harvard, Diplomat, Secretary of State.
• As President tried to bring sections of country together with a network of highways and canals.
• After serving as president, he served in the House of Representatives.
Jackson in 1828• Election
– Andrew Jackson beats John Quincy Adams
• Supporters of Adams called Jackson a Jackass. He was a Democrat. So Democrats are Donkeys.
• Republicans as Elephants came after the Civil War.
Jackson takes over
• Jacksons was the 1st “Frontier President”• Because he was such a hero of the
common man, 15,000 people came to his inauguration. The party got out of control at the White House, Jackson had to run away to a hotel to sleep.
• Spoils System=When Jackson took over he replaced many Govt. workers with his supporters.– Problem was many were incompetent.
The Tariff of 1828
• Very high, Southerners were unhappy because tariffs protected industry at the expense of exports.
• VP John C. Calhoun wrote a denunciation of the tariff. He called for Nullification. States declaring the tariff null and void within their borders.
The Trail of Tears• 1830 Indian Removal Act:
Forced Native Americans East of the Mississippi to move to Oklahoma.
• Why Oklahoma? Because it sucks.
• Bureau of Indian Affairs was set up to deal with Native Americans for the govt.
• Countless Native Americans died on forced marches to the West.
The Bank War
• Andrew Jackson hated the Bank of the United States because he felt it had too much power.
• Henry Clay wanted to recharter the Bank in 1832 to make it an issue in the Presidential Election of 1832.
• Jackson vetoed the recharter bill. Common people loved him.
Nicholas Biddle
• Child Genius, Graduated from Princeton at 15.
• Was a diplomat in France during Napoleonic Wars.
• Was a state senator before becoming Director of Bank of the United States.
Presidential Election of 1832• Andrew Jackson kicked Clays butt.
• AJ dropped John C. Calhoun for supporting nullification.
• Replaced him with Martin Van Buren
Presidential Election of 1836
• Martin Van Buren (Jackson’s Successor) v. William Henry Harrison (Tippecanoe)
• MVB won.
• He had been Secretary of State 1829-1831 then Jacksons VP 1833-1837.
• He was first Prez born a U.S. citizen.
Panic of 1837
• Prompted by get rich quick schemes involving land speculation. Also Jacksons veto of the National Bank.
• Two British Banks failed, causing investors to call in American loans. Chain reaction collapsed many American banks.
Texas and Rebellion
• Mexico gave land to Stephen Austin to bring Catholic families into Texas. They were supposed to become Mexican.
• They didn’t. Texas declared Independence in 1836. Didn’t become a state until ten years later because adding it to Union would mean adding a slave state.
Presidential Election of 1840
• Martin Van Buren v. William Henry Harrison again.
• This time “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too” won. They were Whigs.
• MVB was very unpopular because of the Panic of 1837.
William Henry Harrison
• Won Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811, than General in War of 1812, Governor of Indiana territory, Representative and Senator from Ohio.
• 68 When elected Prez. Oldest until Reagan.
• Harrison died 31 days after being inaugurated.
• What to do?
Politics for the People
• Politicians who were too uppity, too intellectual didn’t win elections.
• People voted for men like themselves.
Two Party System
• Democrats and Whigs
• Democrats= Jackson, supported individual liberty
• Whigs= WHH, favored National Bank, Protective Tariffs, Prohibition of Liquor and Abolition of Slavery
• Basically Libertarians v. Big Government