Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.
-
Upload
valentine-thomas -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.
![Page 1: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Political Culture in Political Culture in CanadaCanada
Douglas BrownDouglas Brown
Pols 220 / St Francis XavierPols 220 / St Francis Xavier
Fall term, 2008Fall term, 2008
![Page 2: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Political Culture in Canada: Political Culture in Canada: ContentsContents
What is political culture? What is political culture?
Recent developments in Canadian political Recent developments in Canadian political cultureculture
Nevitte and Kanji’s study of “new Nevitte and Kanji’s study of “new cleavages”cleavages”
![Page 3: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ReadingsReadings
Brooks, Brooks, Canadian DemocracyCanadian Democracy, chap 2. , chap 2.
Nevitte and Kanjii “New Cleavages…” Nevitte and Kanjii “New Cleavages…” (chapter 4) in Bickerton and Gagnon eds., (chapter 4) in Bickerton and Gagnon eds., Canadian PoliticsCanadian Politics
![Page 4: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is Political Culture? What is Political Culture? ““Values, beliefs, behaviour of a society’s Values, beliefs, behaviour of a society’s members in regards to politics”members in regards to politics”What we value in political life (liberty, equality, What we value in political life (liberty, equality, participation, etc.)participation, etc.)Our attitudes towards government and politics – Our attitudes towards government and politics – e.g. Deference, Trust, Efficacy, Alienatione.g. Deference, Trust, Efficacy, AlienationHow we act on our beliefs and values (voting, How we act on our beliefs and values (voting, demonstrations, party volunteer, etc. )demonstrations, party volunteer, etc. )Are there are differences of political culture Are there are differences of political culture within Canada ?within Canada ?
![Page 5: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Elements of Political CultureElements of Political Culture
Overall regime supportOverall regime supportBroad value setsBroad value setsSocialization to politicsSocialization to politicsCommunity identificationCommunity identificationEfficacy as citizensEfficacy as citizensTrust in/ deference towards political Trust in/ deference towards political leadership and institutionsleadership and institutionsParticipation/ acting on beliefs and valuesParticipation/ acting on beliefs and values
![Page 6: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Developments in Canadian Developments in Canadian Political Culture…1Political Culture…1
Declining levels of Declining levels of trust trust in government in government and politiciansand politicians
Declining levels in citizen Declining levels in citizen efficacyefficacy –i.e. –i.e. feeling that one can change the course of feeling that one can change the course of politics or the systempolitics or the system
Declining Declining deferencedeference to authority figures to authority figures
![Page 7: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Developments…2Developments…2
Material values …in decline ?Material values …in decline ? Value of economic growth, developmentValue of economic growth, development Importance of redistribution, income inequalityImportance of redistribution, income inequality Less important now? Less important now?
Post-material values …on the rise ?Post-material values …on the rise ? Gender and sexual orientation identification Gender and sexual orientation identification
and rightsand rights Multiculturalism and the politics of recognitionMulticulturalism and the politics of recognition Environment, quality of life concernsEnvironment, quality of life concerns
![Page 8: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Participation trendsParticipation trends
Declining social capital: the “bowling Declining social capital: the “bowling alone” thesisalone” thesis
Decline in votingDecline in voting
Rise in direct actionRise in direct action
Formation of new parties and movementsFormation of new parties and movements
Cyber-politics: technologically-driven Cyber-politics: technologically-driven methods of citizen participation and methods of citizen participation and feedbackfeedback
![Page 9: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Comparing Canada and USComparing Canada and US
Significant convergences:Significant convergences: Views on deference, social order, and social equality Views on deference, social order, and social equality
are very close or the sameare very close or the same
Still significant differences:Still significant differences: More tolerance of free speech in the USMore tolerance of free speech in the US More value placed on individual initiative in the USMore value placed on individual initiative in the US More value placed on collective or State provision in More value placed on collective or State provision in
CanadaCanada
Is the Post 9/11 (“war on terror”) security climate Is the Post 9/11 (“war on terror”) security climate having an effect on our values? having an effect on our values?
![Page 10: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Nevitte and Kanji:Nevitte and Kanji:“New Cleavages, Value Diversity and “New Cleavages, Value Diversity and
Democratic Governance”Democratic Governance”
Measuring Political CultureMeasuring Political Culture
The Nature of “Cleavages”The Nature of “Cleavages”
Understanding changes in Canada’s Understanding changes in Canada’s political culture (sociology)political culture (sociology)
![Page 11: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Old Cleavages in CanadaOld Cleavages in Canada
French – EnglishFrench – English
Catholic – ProtestantCatholic – Protestant
Regional – east, west, Quebec, OntarioRegional – east, west, Quebec, Ontario
Class – labour, farmers, middle/upper Class – labour, farmers, middle/upper classesclasses
![Page 12: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Three Newer CleavagesThree Newer Cleavages
New Basis of ImmigrationNew Basis of Immigration
Generational Shift to “Post-material” Generational Shift to “Post-material” valuesvalues
GenderGender
![Page 13: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Testing Values by surveying Testing Values by surveying views on the following:views on the following:
Subjective religiositySubjective religiosity
Church leadershipChurch leadership
Moral permissivenessMoral permissiveness
Civil permissivenessCivil permissiveness
Market economicsMarket economics
Science and Science and technologytechnology
Women and workWomen and work
Kids and Kids and independenceindependence
Workplace conditionsWorkplace conditions
Post-materialism Post-materialism factorsfactors
![Page 14: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Results ….Results ….
Value gaps widening…Value gaps widening… Between native-born Canadians and Between native-born Canadians and
newer immigrantsnewer immigrants Between those born before 1960 and Between those born before 1960 and
those born afterthose born after Between men and women Between men and women Immigrants, younger Canadians and Immigrants, younger Canadians and women all more likely to adopt the newer women all more likely to adopt the newer value setvalue set
![Page 15: Political Culture in Canada Douglas Brown Pols 220 / St Francis Xavier Fall term, 2008.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082517/56649d975503460f94a8117a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Significance:Significance:
Greater value diversity in the populations Greater value diversity in the populations makes governance more difficultmakes governance more difficult
But, older cleavages less importantBut, older cleavages less important
Value diversity within a region makes for Value diversity within a region makes for less satisfaction …e.g. Alberta, Quebecless satisfaction …e.g. Alberta, Quebec
Yet, the more post-material the society, Yet, the more post-material the society, the more likely to protestthe more likely to protest