PNG UPDATE- 2019‘development & diversity’

KENNETH K. TAME, MASTER OF ECONOMIC & PUBLIC POLICY (MEPP) RESEARCH STUDENT,

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS & PUBLIC POLICY, UPNG.DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM, P.O. Box 1993, Port Moresby, NCD.Mobile: (675 )72901216; email:walumah@gmail.com UPNG, Port Moresby; Thursday, August 8, 2019.

PNG UPDATE-2019TOPIC: RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS IN PNG: INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

PRESENTER:Kenneth K. Tame

UPNG- MEPP

DATE: August 8, 2019

A: INTRODUCTION Topic, Objectives & Policy framework overview

Background/Nature/Significance/Rationale

B: CONTENT Methods

Literature & Theoretical Application

Findings & Discussions

C: CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION & DELIMITATIOND: BIBLIOGRAPHY

OUTLINE

A: Introduction..Topic, policy framework & Objectives

Topic “RENEWABLE ENERGY

DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS IN PNG: INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE”

ObjectivesThe objectives are to identify: (i). Institutional Constraints

Towards RE Resources Development in PNG

(ii).Relevant Implementation Actors And Their Level Of Interaction That Limit/Success RE Policy Implementation Process in PNG.

…..introduction cont’dExisting RE Policies: examples

Strategic Policies & targets

Vision 2050: 100% power generation from RE sources by 2050

PNG Development Strategic Plan 2010-2030: provide 70% households with electricity by 2030

UN SDG 7: “ Ensuring Access to Affordable, Reliable, Sustainable and Modern Energy for All”.

Enabling Policy framework PNG Electricity Industry Policy

(Launched @ 2011)

PNG National Electrification Roll-Out Plan (NEROP)

National Energy Policy: 2018-2028????

….. introduction cont’d

Nature & ApplicationBackground

Conventional- Fossil Energy: (Coal, petroleum & Natural gas 80% share globally, finite, scarce, non-renewable, emits GHG & CO₂, (Enzary, 2017)

Renewable Energy: (hydro, solar, geothermal, wind,

biomass, ocean current, etc) Naturally replenishable, abundance & environmentally

friendly Application-on/off-grid electricity/lighting, heating &

cooling, irrigation, water pumps, etc

13% Energy/electricity penetration rate since 1975 (APEC, 2017)

78% of population lack access to electricity (Pakop, 2017).

RE-main electricity source in PNG Feasible environment for RE

development (APEC, 2017) Primary energy source- imported

fossil fuels (APEC, 2017)

76

18 6 Imported conventionalhydrocarbon fuels

Indigeneous Energy(hydro, solar &geothermal)

Natural gas

….. introduction cont’d

RATIONALERE SIGNIFICANCE

Energy regarded public good

Slow Energy policies implementation process

Energy demand /consumption exceeds supply

Central enabler to Economic, social and Environmental Prosperity (Ahuja & Tatsutani, 2017)

Sustainable (our children’s children)

Covers wider geographical locations – suitable for developing economies

abundance@ PNG Feasible environment

B: CONTENTMethods

Qualitative/Descriptive approach 10 sample size thru purposive

sampling of implementing agencies personal interviews/semi structured Analysed for common themes –

perception, knowledge, information and attitudes re- RE development in PNG.

Literature Theoretical frameworks Top-down approach - Analyse Policy implementation -interaction of set

policy goals and action by actors based on National gov’t (central actor) decision(Paudel, 2009).

• Actor Network Theory (ANT)- analyse actions of actors in implementation process

• Contextual Interaction Theory (CIT)- analyse level of cooperation & interaction (motivation, cognition & resource /power).

Published empirical knowledge-RE- socioeconomic & climate change problems-Energy consumption increase due to economic growth & population increase- RE abundance & feasible for development @ PNG (

Barbarinde & Renagi, 2018)- - Mitigates energy security challenges

…. Content cont’dFindings & Discussions

3 major themes emerged from the analysis of 10 interview transcripts are:1. Weak institutional arrangement Less HR & funding capacity - No R

& D, No field data for decision making.

2. RE sector lacks regulatory & legal framework frameworks Regulation affects implementation

process (Osok, 2010). Guide &govern implementation process & provide investor & consumer confidence

economic & technical regulation eg. tariff setting, licensing, dispute settlement & production, transmission, distribution & retailing aspects

3. Lack of inter-institutional linkages

Energy crosscuts all sectors Eg. Transport, land use, Forestry,

Health, Education, Communication & information, etc

Linkages between relevant gov’t agencies, development partners & business houses , share information & improve communication, l & cooperation.

C: CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATION/DELIMITATION

Delimitation

Conclusion

Recommendation

Funding & Time constraints ( exclude

Consumers & other gov’t levels) Validity (no re-interview)

PNG rich in RE resources BUT untapped RE promote social, economic & environmental wellbeing suitable for rural populace (on-grid/off-grid) RE central to ALL UN SDGs (eg. Gender

equality) Gov’t policy intervention required with

continuous support

Some interviewees mentioned that setting up of standalone ministry necessary

Establish legal and regulatory framework (investor & consumer confidence)

Remove monopoly in power/electricity production, transmission, distribution & retailing (public/private partnership)

D: Bibliography

References attached.

Thank you 1 & Thank you all!

Ahuja, D., & Tatsutani, M. (2018). Sustainable energy for Developing Countries. Surveys and Perspectives Integrating Environment and Society Surveys and Perspectives, 2(1), 1-16. APEC. (2017). Peer Review on Low Carbon Energy Policies in Papua New Guinea. (APEC Energy Working Group Final Report). Tokyo, Japan: Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre.Balajtyova, M. (2016). What barriers are standing in the way of implementation of renewable energy sources in the EU member states? (Master thesis, Aalborg University, Denmark). Banks, G. & Scheyvens, R. (2014). Ethical Issues. In R. Scheyvens (Ed.), Development Field: a practical guide (2nd

ed., pp.160-187). United Kingdom: Sage.Cañete, M. A. (2016, (n.d.)). Renewable Energy: Catalyst for a clean energy transition. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/environment/renewable-energy-catalyst-clean-energy-transition.htm Cerna, L. (2013). The Nature of Policy Change and Implementation: A review of Different Theoretical Approaches. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and D l t